GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 12 | November 2018 ISSN: 2455-5703
Methods for Optimization of Signal Cycle Length Vaidehi J. Patel UG Student Department of Civil Engineering Dr. S. & S.S. Ghandhy Government Engineering College, Surat Vipinkumar G. Yadav Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Dr. S. & S.S. Ghandhy Government Engineering College, Surat
Pratik V. Parmar UG Student Department of Civil Engineering Dr. S. & S.S. Ghandhy Government Engineering College, Surat
Abstract Traffic on the existing road is increasing due to rapid urbanization and industrialization due to extreme growth of vehicles all over the world. Due to this, some problems like congestion, delay and pollution remain a big challenge. These problems can be solved by providing an effective traffic signal control at the intersection for achieve continuous movement of vehicles at the intersection. The primary objective of this study is to review methods for develop an optimized traffic signal cycle length model for signalized intersections. Most traffic signal timing plans are designed to decrease delay time of vehicle. Signal timing is most important and it is used to decide green time of the traffic signal. Keywords- Effective Traffic Control, Signal Cycle Length, Delay Time, Green Time, Optimization
I. INTRODUCTION Traffic engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with efficient and safe movement of people, goods and vehicles. It also deals with planning and geometric design of highways and measures to reduce accidents on highway. Traffic signal is a commonly used traffic operation management device at roadway intersections in urban area. The capacity of urban road network generally depends on the capacity of the traffic signals. Traffic signal control is one of the most useful methods to reduce the effect of traffic congestion at intersections. Traffic optimization is an emerging area in the recent few years, with the rapid development of data analysis studies and techniques. Intersection is the hub of road traffic and plays a vital role in alleviating the pressure on road traffic. With the rapid development of India’s economy, the urban population has expanded constantly, and the amount of traffic has significantly increased. As a result, serious road congestion, traffic chaos and other issues are occurring. Therefore, it is quite urgent to improve the road service capacity and achieve the scientific management of road conditions. The intersection is a vital part of urban road networks which plays a key role in the speed of vehicle and for operating the entire road network effectively. However, with rapidly increase in motorization during past two decades, bottle-neck effects have been exposed more and more at intersection of urban areas. The benefits for developing the signalized intersections are many. First one is the control afforded by the traffic lights separates the irrelevant traffic flows in time and improves safety of vehicle and operation efficiency; second one is the vehicles on the approach are suspended periodically, causing delays. Therefore, the traffic signal cycle plays a vital role in traffic control at intersection. A suitable cycle length can decrease or prevent traffic congestion and reduce noise pollution, emissions, energy consumption and travel delay time effectively.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW Cheng et al. (2003) modified old Webster’s minimum delay cycle length equation based on HCM 2000. For an isolated intersection, the delay will become infinity when the degree of saturation of a lane group approaches one based on Webster’s delay equation, which is unrealistic, while the delay based on HCM 2000 method can accommodate some random failures and short-term oversaturation situations. They used HCS software to conduct experiments for a typical four-phase intersection over a wide range of volume and lost time scenarios. And the results were used to modify the original Webster minimum delay cycle length equation. The modified equation significantly improves the accuracy of predicting the optimal cycle length for isolated intersections at high traffic volume conditions. To improve the Webster’s optimal cycle length equation, three regression models were implied. The form of recalibrated Webster model is, aL+b Co = (1) 1−Y
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