Design and Static Structural Analysis of Aircraft Floor Beam

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GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 4 | Issue 8 | July 2019 ISSN: 2455-5703

Design and Static Structural Analysis of Aircraft Floor Beam Santosh Yadav UG Student Department of Aeronautical Engineering East West College of Engineering affiliated to VTU

Abstract Floor beam is a structural element of fuselage which is mainly used for providing horizontal space to aircraft crew and is fixed with fuselage skin. In this I-section beam is picked for designing the fuselage floor beam which is better in comparison to other cross sections. In this, the design of aircraft floor beam is conceptual design for the enhancement of strength, durability, cost and weight reduction. The major problems of existing aluminium floor beam are increased weight and less stiffness. Hence, CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced plastics) has chosen for the designing of floor beam in the aircraft. After the selection of material and cross section of floor beam, the whole parameters of cross section of floor has studied and designed in UG NX8 software with the standard dimensions of a floor beam then the model is imported to Ansys 14.5 for the analysis and optimization. The expected outcome is to reduce the weight to strength ratio, cost, design and style outlook with weight reduction of fuselage. Keywords- Floor-Beam, Fuselage, ANSYS, Structural Analysis, Equivalent Stress, CFRP

I. INTRODUCTION Floor beam is a structural member which is used as floor space to passengers, cargo, control unit and other equipment. It is also defined as a cross beam for a floor structure of an aircraft which includes a web having opposing end sections configured to connect to opposing structural sections of fuselage and at least one-stepped section. The stepped section is formed by a movement of the web in a direction corresponding to a normal axis of the web. Floor beams are part of a redundant floor structure that support the passenger seats, galleys, lavatories, etc. The floor beams are supported at the both end by the frames and are further supported by two floor stanchions. Seat tracks move over the floor beams and joined to the floor beam upper chords or beam webs. The seat tracks are attached to the floor beams to transfer the loads from seats to the beams and to ensure that the floor beams work together to carry the applied loads. There are also intercostal that run fore and aft between the floor beams and their purpose is to carry locally applied loads from galleys, etc. The floor grid (floor beams plus seat tracks) is covered by floor panels that attach to the seat tracks and may attach to the floor beam upper chords. The floor panels serve as the shear diaphragm that carries the forward crash loads out to the side of the fuselage (Kotresh B, 2016). It consists of cross beam, support struts, seating rails, support rails, floor and a surface structure. The latter are normally supported with the help of struts on a lower part of the respective frame to increase the bending strength of cross beams. The floor is situated above the cross beam on the seating rails and on the support, rails arranged between the inner seating rails. The surface structure is arranged under the floor-beam for an installation space for the laying of systems cabling. Moreover, it forms a ceiling at the lower aircraft space which is used to maximize the volume of the freight loading space and is advantageous if the surface structure is positioned as close as possible to the cross-beam.

Fig. 1: The typical Airframe structure of fuselage with floor beam and lifting Surface

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