Smart and Efficient BLDC Motor based Aquaponics System with MPPT

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GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 5 | Issue 7 | June 2020 ISSN- 2455-5703

Smart and Efficient BLDC Motor based Aquaponics System with MPPT Aryaraj B. K PG Student Department of Electrical Engineering Adi Shankara College of Engineering & Technology, Kerala, India

Tony George Associate Professor Department of Electrical Engineering Adi Shankara College of Engineering & Technology, Kerala, India

Abstract Aquaponics system needs very high electricity for the aeration of the system moreover as pumping of water. The proposed system using alternative energy as a source of energy for designing and developing standalone Aquaponics system with longer life, less maintenance and better performance. The fundamentals building components of Aquaponics system are solar PV array, a zeta converter together with two voltage source inverter and two Brushless DC (BLDC) motors with a paddle wheel aerator and pump load coupled to their shaft. The proposed system improves the efficiency and control the speed of BLDC motor. This method is especially useful for rural areas that have a substantial amount of solar radiation and haven’t any access to grid system. The proposed system is mean to induce satisfactory system performance even under dynamic conditions. Suitability of the proposed system for various perturbations is evaluated by simulating the proposed system using MATLAB/Simulink. Keywords- Solar PV Array, Zeta Converter, Voltage Source Inverter, BLDC Motor

I. INTRODUCTION Aquaponics system is a combination of both aquaculture and hydroponics system. Aquaculture means the production of aquatic animals such as snail, fish, prawns etc and hydroponics means the cultivation of plants without soil. Using the same technology Aquaponics systems vary in size from small indoor or outdoor units to large commercial units. It requires high electricity this was one of the main problem of this system. Electricity is required for aeration of the system as well as pumping of water. So that it can be constantly recycled and recirculated within the system. This problem can be overcome by using renewable energy. Among all the renewable energy solar is the abundant. The most important benefits of solar panel is that solar energy is a renewable energy, reduce electricity bills, does not require a lot of maintenance cost.[12] The process of extraction of power from the sun is costly. In recent years cost of solar panel and power electronic devices are reduced this leads various generations of household and industrial applications. Several researchers used the combination of DC-DC converters and motor in industrial applications [2-6]. From the reviews zeta converter and BLDC motor are mostly used in industries for improving the efficiency and speed control. BLDC motor does not require an additional control loop for the purpose of speed control. Brushless DC (BLDC) motor are highly reliable, high efficient, better speed verses torque characteristics, high dynamic response, noiseless operation, long operating life due to lack of electrical and friction losses, high speed ranges and no maintenance[9-13]. Due to these benefits of solar and BLDC motor is considered to develop a solar PV fed Aquaponics system which can operate for longer time as compared with brushed and induction motors [7-11]. The previous system is operated in solar PV fed air cooler application. Figure 1 shows the circuit diagram of solar PV fed air cooler. It consists of buck and boost converters for the operation of BLDC motors. It leads to the losses across the switches and components and also the system become bulky. The challenging issue in designing solar PV array fed solar air cooler is to maintain constant speed of BLDC motors that drives the pump and the air blower [4-6]. In the process of maintain constant speed of both motors, there can be power imbalance between PV panel and the load. Hall sensors are used to find the speed and position of BLDC motors. The drawback of existing system is it cannot be used in high power application, speed is not controlled and efficiency of the system is less. This paper is organized as follows; section 2 describes the block diagram of solar Photovoltaic (PV) array fed Aquaponics system. The designing equations for various components and speed control scheme for BLDC motors are described in sub sections. Comparison of existing and modified system is explained by simulating these systems using matlab/SIMULINK model in section 3. Finally conclude the paper in section 4.

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