GREENFEED BULLETIN ISSUE 20

GREENFEED

BULLETIN ISSUE 20

EFFECTS OF GREENFEED SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER ON “RED FUJI” APPLE FRUIT QUALITY IN LUOCHUAN, CHINA AGRONOMIC ASSESSMENT REPORT OF MANGO PLANT IN SHWEPUZUN PLANTATION, MYANMAR

VEGETATIVE ANALYSIS REPORT FOR PAULOWNIA PLANT IN LINGGI, NEGERI SEMBILAN

LISA FUTURE OF FARMING www.greenfeed.com.my

contents, 2019

As the pioneer in Slow Release Fertilizer within the Southeast Asia Region, Greenfeed Group have relentlessly continues to provide significant improvements into the agricultural industry whether locally or globally. Each of this effort signifies the objectives of Greenfeed Groups through Greenfeed Slow Release Fertilizer; which is to foster the current practices within this industry such as oil palms towards the advanced precise sustainable agricultural practices. Such as the previous volumes, this series of bulletin will continue to be the channel of education and knowledge sharing to the public in order to increase their awareness in relating topic on the advantages of Greenfeed Slow Release Fertilizer. Thus, within each volume of Greenfeed Bulletin, studies carried out and updated can be

Features :

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LISA FUTURE OF FARMING

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EFFECT OF GREENFEED SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER ON “RED FUJI” APPLE FRUIT QUALITY IN LUOCHUAN, CHINA

seen published for reference to the reader as to what is slow release fertilizer and the benefits that can obtain through this Modern High Efficient Fertilizers.

As such, these Greenfeed Bulletins will be sent to respective clients with the aim to keep them updated with the current progress of Greenfeed Slow Release Fertilizer and also distributed to the public as necessary Grasping the torch to

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bring changes into auspicious industry, Green feed Groups continues to provide a platform for knowledge sharing between the company and respective clients as well the public. This Greenfeed Bulletin is part of the effort to share and

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VEGETATIVE ANALYSIS REPORT FOR PAULOWNIA PLANT IN LINGGI, NEGERI SEMBILAN

Editor-in-chief Muhamad Nizam Amahd Unonis Technical Research and Development

Editor Dr. Ng Chang Chai

clarify the noteworthy advantages of Greenfeed Slow Release Fertilizer. Malaysian establishes Greenfeed Groups in Malaysia, for Malaysian and soaring onto the global scale with achievements that will make Malaysia proud. Guided and motivated by the principle of “Passion with Innovation” this Greenfeed Bulletin will be achieved by this

Malaysian

company. Striving towards excellence will be experienced for betterment of the future

Technical Research and Development

Muhamad Izzuddin Khairuddin

Technical Research and Development

Kelly Chew

Technical Research and Development

Ng Zhi Han Technical Research and Development All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, including but not limited to electronic or mechanical photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system or otherwise, without prior agreement and written permission from the publisher.

Disclaimer The view or options contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the policy and stand point of Greenfeed Group and Greenfeed Group will not liable or responsible towards any losses experienced by any parties on performance or non-performance based on information in this publication.

Muhamad Nizam Amahd Unonis

Novelty Technological Introduction

LISA

FUTURE OF FA R M I N G

by Kelly Chew

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GOALS AND CONCEPT

2018 was indeed an impactful and meaningful year to Greenfeed Group.

Many events had taken place nationally and internationally and one of the most successful events throughout the year was the implementation of Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (L.I.S.A) in the society especially to the growers in agricultural industry. Before we get into the most exciting part of this article, let us guide you to understand more about L.I.S.A and the principles behind L.I.S.A in agricultural production.

WHAT IS L.I.S.A? L.I.S.A is an agricultural system based on the principle we must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The term “Sustainable Agriculture” in L.I.S.A define as the capability to continue producing food and profitability with little or no damage on the environment, society and economy. It is an idea of the ways on farming which mostly emphasized on minimizing chemical usage that create problems such as environmental pollutions and soil degradation. L.I.S.A is first introduced in the early 70’s by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and now, L.I.S.A become a standard for various type of farming, including organic farming.

L.I.S.A is integrated with three main goals environmental health, economic profitability and social equity. On mid-June 2018, an interview session of L.I.S.A with Professor Dato’ Dr. Mohd Fauzi Ramlan from Malaysian Agricultural University (UPM) is carried out as he is the first to introduced and initiated L.I.S.A in Malaysia. He mentioned that we are in the stage whereby from self-satisfying to economic level, relying on food crops to make money for survival. As the food demand increasing from time to time, the conventional agriculture’s reliance on excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have caused various environmental issues, including methane greenhouse gas effect, river nitrification, soil degradation, soil erosion and other issues emerged endlessly. These issues have accelerated the crisis of agriculture products. Moreover, due to the excessive use of pesticides in the farmland for better crop productions, the pesticide’s residues have contaminated the food crops and they are no longer safe for human consumption.

In L.I.S.A concepts, environmental awareness is needed to reduce the pollutions in agricultural line to zero, especially on the soil fertility, where soil fertility plays an important part in producing good quality crops in the farmland. Besides, the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides need to be minimized in order to reduce the pollutions in soil environment and without reducing the production of food crops in the farmland.

The cost of farming is also an important prerequisite for a success, especially in commercial farming. Hence, a high-efficiency slow release fertilizer is a breakthrough solution to deal with the current situation and problems faced in the farmland.

The choice of tools is directly related to the effectiveness of the farmers in L.I.S.A implementation.

With the collaboration of Greenfeed Group and Malaysian Agricultural University, Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer, a high efficiency with low input fertilizer is developed to overcome the problems faced by the farmers and growers, aligned with the L.I.S.A

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CURRENT ISSUES Malaysia is the second largest producer and exporter of palm oil after Indonesia. According to the statistics provided by Malaysia Palm Oil Board in 2018, the palm trees planted area has increased form 5.74 million hectares in 2016 to 5.81 million in 2017, with a maximum oil extraction rate of approximately 20%. The input of fertilizer per unit area in Malaysia’s palm oil plantation is the highest in the world, reaching 1,500 kg/ha. Deforestation on the virgin forests in the conversion of palm trees plantations, with the high input of synthetic chemical fertilizer and pesticides have caused various pollutions especially on the soil fertility.

With the various factors and effects concerning of palm oil in Malaysia, L.I.S.A has initiated and introduced into Malaysia to overcome all the shortcoming and solve the current problems created by palm oil plantation, to reduce the pollutions on soil, to sustain and ensure the quality of the environment and most importantly, gaining a higher yield crops while lower the input of chemical fertilizer.

As for globally, China has been the major player in the global market and has the largest food and agriculture production with the highest human populations in the world. As the food demand increasing by days, high input of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides are applied in the farmland with the hope of getting higher yields. However, they do face the similar problems in the agricultural industry especially on the soil and environment pollutions such as high content amount of heavy metal in the soil due to the facts on excessive usage of chemical fertilizer and pesticides on the land.

Therefore, a new way of thinking in agriculture is needed to be taken up to solve the current problems while gaining a higher crop yield. Hence, L.I.S.A in China is emphasizing more on the high efficiency and productivity on crops while not polluting the soil environment for the advantages of present and future generation.

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KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE PLATFORM L.I.S.A has become a platform for the exchange of technology and knowledges of the researches. Likewise, L.I.S.A also can be a platform to exchange ideas and information among the farmers, farmer’s organizations and research units. In 2018, L.I.S.A Alliance has accredited more than 80 L.I.S.A practitioners around the world who is qualified for the accreditation of L.I.S.A. For L.I.S.A in China, it is first initiated in F-Show 2018 China International Fertilizer Development and Trade Forum in Shanghai on March 2018 by Professor Dato’ Dr. Mohd Fauzi Ramlan and it is officially held it first at L.I.S.A Seminar & Practitioner Awards Ceremony 2018 in Chengdu, China on November 2018 in conjunction with Global Specialty Fertilizer Convention - Leader Summit.

The events were in great success as the L.I.S.A practitioners shared their testimonies in applying the principle of new farming and gaining good results from it – by minimizing the input of chemical fertilizer and gaining higher yield crops, without contributing pollutions and degrading the soil quality. As for discussion session during L.I.S.A Seminar, most of the practitioner participated and actively raised their concerns on farming, which has opened the eyes of the people on the urgency on current farming situation and long-term solutions are needed for the future of agriculture. This indeed a great exposure for the farmers and growers to change the conventional way of agriculture to a new, sustainable agriculture for the benefits of present and future generation!

L.I.S.A IS THE FUTURE In the nutshell, the practices of L.I.S.A is important in modern agriculture practices to overcome the problems in current agriculture practices. With L.I.S.A, a sustainable and profitable farming with protection of the natural resources and environment quality can be achieved by improving the fertilizer efficiency in the soil to obtain the most appropriate yield in the farmland.

L.I.S.A has the ability to create a more sustainable farming in agriculture industry and we do believe every one of us holds a huge responsibility to make changes on the conventional agriculture to a new modern agricultural practice with L.I.S.A concepts in national and internationally. It is never too late to start practicing L.I.S.A now!

EFFECTS OF GREENFEED SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER ON “RED FUJI” APPLE FRUIT QUALITY IN LUOCHUAN, CHINA NG CHANG CHAI1*, TONGQI LIU2, JINLONG WEI2, FALANG WANG3 1GREENFEED AGRO SDN BHD, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA 2BEIJING AGRO TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL CO. LTD., BEIJING 3LUOCHUAN JULVJIAN AGRO CO. LTD., LUOCHUAN SHAANXI EMAIL: *CCNG@GREENFEED.COM.MY

Abstarct This is follow-up research on the previous study, which studied the vegetative performance of "Red Fuji" using high efficiency slow release fertilizer “Daliwan”. In this study, we further applied “Daliwan” during fruit enlarging period and studied its performances on fruit quality. The comparison was made with conventional compound fertilizer and the study concluded that apple weight increased by 12% - 15%, fruit hardness increased 20%, and sweetness brix increased 5% - 7%. All group remained good fruit shape index above 0.8. “Daliwan” is concluded to fulfill China National policy in chemical fertilizer reduction and quality improvement. “Daliwan” is worth to promote for application on many fruit trees in China.

Keywords “Red Fuji” Apple, Slow Release Fertilizer, Shape Index, Yield Increment

1.0 Introduction Luochuan, one of the major apple production areas in Shaanxi, China, suffered from freezing cold weather in April 2018. The "Red Fuji" apple trees were just blooming then and suffered irreversible frostbite damage. Frost in this early spring is expected to reduce the apple production volume in autumn. Nevertheless, the previous study on nutritional growth of “Red Fuji” apple fruit trees using high efficiency slow releasing fertilizer “Daliwan”, showed 85% reduction of fertilizer input compared to the conventional compound fertilizer.

Meanwhile, the performance of tree using “Daliwan” were better than the conventional compound fertilizer, in term of leaf chlorophyll, leaf length, leaf width and leaf cuticle thickness [1]. It showed that “Daliwan” not only helping planters to reduce fertilizer input costs but also helps to improve crops quality and its yield performance.

2.0 Methodology 2.1 Experimental sites The study was conducted in Luoyang and Guxian villages in Luochuan County, Shaanxi Province (17 kilometers from the county town), Panyaoke and Xiguan villages in Huangzhang Township (27 kilometers from Xiancheng), and Ancao villages in Qinguan Township (56 kilometers from the county town). The local climate has abundant sunshine, 167 days of frost-free period and great temperatures changes between day and night, which is a suitable climate zone for “Red Fuji” apple growth. During the experimental period, the average annual temperature was about 9.2°C and the annual rain precipitation was about 650 mm.

2.2 Equipment Vernier calipers were used to measure fruit shape index, while GY-1 fruit penetrometer, which special for inspecting the hardness of the fruits, and Aquat LB32T Handy Refractometer Measuring Sugar Content Meter Tester 0 - 32% Brix, which used for sweetness brix index analysis.

2.3 Experimental Method The fertilizer treatments were applied in between 22 to 25 June 2018. Total of 8 orchards are tested and each orchard tested with 30 “Red Fuji” apple trees. The mature “Red Fuji” apple trees with more than 10 years old were selected as samples. The tree spacing was 3.0 m in the row and 4.0 m between the rows.

“Daliwan” treatment was treated with high efficiency slow release fertilizer “Daliwan” with the formulation of 12:12:20:2+TE. The amount of fertilizer applied for each tree is 35 nuggets (16.5 grams per nugget, about 580 grams per tree), through subsoil/burying technique at the outer edge of the canopy (dripping line) and about 20 cm depth. Control treatment was treated with conventional compound fertilizers with the formulation of 17:10:18. The amount of fertilizer needed for each tree is 2 - 3 kilograms.

Data collection in the field was done in the 8 orchards between 20 to 25 October 2018. Ten “Red Fuji” apples with 80 mm diameter were collected from each orchard for sweetness brix index analysis.

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3.0 Results The fruit shape index (FSI) is one of the important traits in apple fruit external quality. According to China national standard of GB/T-10651-2008 [Chinese Standard//Fresh apple//English translated version] and China agriculture standard policy of NY/T439-2001 [Standard for appearance grades of apples], the fruit shape index of apple is the ratio of vertical diameter to horizontal diameter. To achieve an ideal fruit shape index for “Red Fuji” apple require more than 0.7. The “Red Fuji” apple fruit shape index reached 0.8 for both the “Daliwan” and the conventional compound fertilizer, which consider as the ideal value (Table 1).

Although the mean values were the same, the standard deviation of the diameter of the “Red Fuji” apples with conventional compound fertilizer treatment was higher compared to “Daliwan” treatment. This indicates that the size among “Red Fuji” apple was greatly differed from each other. In addition, the average diameter of all groups using “Daliwan” was higher than the other group, which also indicated that the effect of fertility on later expansion continued moving on. The orchard in Luoyang Village 1 used both “Daliwan” and conventional compound fertilizer, while other management in the orchard were maintain the same.

Therefore, it can be directly observe the vertical and horizontal diameters of apples using “Daliwan” are better than those of conventional compound fertilizer.

The results of the hardness test of “Red Fuji” apples treated with “Daliwan” was 22% higher than that of conventional compound fertilizer (Table 2). In an overall view, the average fruit hardness of the two villages in Qinguan Township was the highest, with 10.13 kg/cm3 and 10.14 kg/cm3 respectively. The analysis of the overall sweetness brix index for “Daliwan” treatment group (Table 3) was also increased by 5%, and the maximum sweetness brix index was 16.41 degrees, which was 7.11% higher than that the conventional compound fertilizer treatment. The weight of “Red Fuji” apples was the most important quality indicator for planters. The average weights of 50 fruits from each orchard were calculated. The “Red Fuji” apples with “Daliwan” treatment showed 12 – 16 % higher average weights as compared to conventional compound fertilizer (Table 4), giving direct benefits to planters.

4.0 Discussion “Daliwan” is a high efficiency slow release fertilizer presented by Greenfeed Agro Company in Malaysia. It has made significant progress over years in the global market. It contains all the macronutrients, micronutrients and trace elements, which are essential for “Red Fuji” apple trees. The activated zeolite included within "Daliwan" formulation, a group of highly crystalline hydrated aluminosilicate minerals 7

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with the porous structure, that can absorb mineral ions.The release of absorbed mineral ions depends on the ionic gradient in the soil to ensure its slow-release characteristics. It also has been reported that the yield and quality of tropical and field crops have been increased after using the high efficiency slow release fertilizer “Daliwan”[3][4]. During the germinating period, “Daliwan” has been reported that it can help to increase the leaf length and leaf width of “Red Fuji” apple trees up to 31 - 42.5% [5]. This result is consistent with previous research [l]. According to Yao's, zeolite regulated slow release fertilizer could also increase fruit yield by more than 10% [6], which is similar to the "Red Fuji" apple weight increase 12 - 16% in this study. In recent years, the agriculture sector is facing an aging workforce and also the increase in the cost of fertilization, which could negatively impact the industry.

Besides, during the fruit enlarging period, as compared to conventional compound fertilizer which need 2.0 to 3.0 kilogram per trees, “Daliwan” only need 0.5 kilogram per tree, which can help to save more than 80% of the labor force for fertilizer handling. “Daliwan” can also greatly reduce the fertilizer input into the soil over the years.

5.0 Conclusion “Daliwan” is a high efficiency slow release fertilizer, which has been observed to be able to produce competitive results when compared to conventional compound fertilizer treatment with a much more practical and efficient practice. By providing sufficient nutrient to the soil, this fertilizer has commercially proved to give better-growing environment to planter as well as labor saving and cost saving. At the end of October, the “Red Fuji’ apple trees with “Daliwan” treatment gets well established and put on many branches and leaves, as to prepare for blooming and start setting its first fruit after pollination in the coming year.

The activated zeolite included within "Daliwan" formulation provides the lasting nutrient reservoirs, resulting in controlled and efficient nutrient releasing mechanisms that define this high efficient slow release fertilizer, which differs from conventional compound fertilizer and controlled release fertilizer. “Daliwan” not only helping planters to reduce fertilizer input costs but also helps to improve crops quality and its yield performance.

6.0 Acknowledgment We would like to express our gratitude to the co-operation showed by the planters from Luoyang and Guxian villages in Luochuan County, Shaanxi Province, Panyaoke and Xiguan villages in Huangzhang Township and Ancao villages in Qinguan Township, for providing experimental sites and “Red Fuji” apple fruit trees for testing purpose.

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.Table 1. “Red Fuji” apple fruit shape index comparison using "Daliwan" and conventional compound fertilizer

Table 2. “Red Fuji” apple hardness test comparison using "Daliwan" and conventional compound fertilizer

.Table 3. “Red Fuji” apple sweetness brix test comparison using "Daliwan" and conventional compound fertilizer

.Table 4. “Red Fuji” apple weights comparison using “Daliwan” and conventional compound fertilizer

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AGRONOMIC ASSESSMENT REPORT OF MANGO PLANT IN SHWEPUZUN PLANTATION, MYANMAR 35(3$5(' )25 0$1$*(0(17 2) 0$1*2 3/$17 6+:(38=81 3/$17$7,21 SHAN STATE, MYANMAR PREPARED BY : TECHNICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT (TRD) DEPARTMENT GREENFEED GROUPS

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY $ ÂżHOG VDPSOLQJ ZDV FDUULHG RXW DW 6KZH3X=XQ 0DQJR Plantation, Shan State, Myanmar on 16th December 7KH 0DQJR SODQWV VSHFLÂżFDOO\ WKH 6HLQWDORQH DQG Yinkwei varieties are planted in this plantation. The sampling was carried as a pre-application evaluation of the mango plant. The leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD Reading) are measured from the plant that will be fertilized with GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer and the control plant to assess the plant initial physiological condition. From the analysis carried out, the chlorophyll content reading is below the optimum range for all VWXGLHG SODQW 'XULQJ WKH ÂżHOG VDPSOLQJ WKHUH DUH VHYHUH 3RWDVVLXP .

GHÂżFLHQFLHV V\PSWRP WKDW FDQ EH REVHUYHG $SDUW IURP WKH QXWULHQW GHÂżFLHQF\ LVVXH WKHUH is no other major issue and the plantation is well managed. The fertilization guide has been recommended to overcome this issue and further descriptions can be referred later within this paper.

2.0 INTRODUCTION Mango, Mangifera indica L., is a member of the family Anacardiaceae. Mango has become naturalized and adapted throughout the tropics and subtropics. There are RYHU FODVVLÂżHG RI PDQJR YDULHWLHV VRPH RI WKHP have evolved and have been described throughout the world. The genus of Mangifera consists of 69 species and mostly restricted to tropical Asia.

Cultivating mango is also known to be arduous as the plant is very sensitive to mild changes in the environment. Operating a commercial mango planting scale is highly laborious, as it demands constant care and monitoring effort in order to attain optimum growth rate for optimum yielding. Hence, with the objective to DWWDLQ PXFK PRUH HIÂżFLHQW SODQWLQJ SURFHGXUHV VHYHUDO aspects can be improvised to make way for better SODQWLQJ HIÂżFDF\ ZLWKLQ WKH DUHD GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer through Mango Grow Slow Release Fertilizer (12:12:17:2+TE) has FDUULHG RXW D FRPPHUFLDO WULDO VFDOH ZLWKLQ 6KZH3X=XQ Mango Plantation located at Shan State, Myanmar.

On-site sampling was carried out with the objective to monitor the mango plant progress applied with

GreenfeedÂŽ Mango Grow Slow Release Fertilizer.

Mango Grow Slow Release Fertilizer requires twice fertilizer application per year with complete set of nutrient table required by plants.

3.0 MATERIAL AND METHODS The equipment involved for evaluating the physiological aspect growth of these plants can be referred to as follows.

Chlorophyll Content (SPAD) Chlorophyll content is one of the important parts in generating process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is the molecule that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to synthesize carbohydrates from CO2 and water to produce food for plant. In this study, device named SPAD 502 Minolta Chlorophyll Meter has been used to obtain the chlorophyll content value at this area.

4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Physiological analysis is a study involving the functioning organs within the plant that is responsible in regulating various supportive reactions within the plant that is vital for the plants’ survival and growth. The physiological status also represents the nutrient availability from the soil for the plant uptake. The aspect selected that is related to the objective of this study is the chlorophyll content (SPAD).

Chlorophyll Content (SPAD) Chlorophyll is a vital constituent making up the plants light interception system. Green colour of the leaves is generally directly proportionate to the density of the chlorophyll within the area. This analysis serves the objective to monitor the density of the chlorophyll on the surface of the sampled Mango tree leaves, which is also related to determining the effectiveness of the plants’ photosynthetic conversion factor. The recorded initial chlorophyll content of the Seintalone variety mango leaf obtained during the sampling within 6KZH3X=XQ 3ODQWDWLRQ FDQ EH UHIHUUHG WR )LJXUH DQG for mango of Yinkwei variety can be referred in Figure 4.2.

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4.1 Seintalone Mango Variety

Figure 4.1 Average chlorophyll content for Seintalone mango variety for studied plant within ShwePuZun Plantation, Myanmar

From the readings obtained, the initial chlorophyll content reading of Seintalone Mango of all studied plant is below the optimum threshold, which is 50.0 SPAD. For this visit, the recorded reading spanned from 31.7 SPAD to 48.3 SPAD. The average initial recorded chlorophyll content reading for Seintalone mango tree in .Greenfeed Plot is 42.6 SPAD, while the initial reading in Control Plot is 39.7 SPAD

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4.2 Yinkwei Mango Variety

Figure 4.2 Average chlorophyll content for Yinkwei mango variety for studied plant within ShwePuZun Plantation, Myanmar

From the readings obtained, the initial chlorophyll content reading of Yinkwei Mango of all studied plant is below the optimum threshold, which is 50.0 SPAD. For this visit, the recorded reading spanned from 35.6 SPAD to 44.7 SPAD. The average initial recorded chlorophyll content reading for Yinkwei mango tree in .Greenfeed Plot is 42.1 SPAD, while the initial reading in Control Plot is 39.9 SPAD

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5.0 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION $ ILHOG VDPSOLQJ ZDV FDUULHG RXW DW 6KZH3X=XQ 0DQJR 3ODQWDWLRQ 0\DQPDU RQ WK 'HFHPEHU 7KLV LV SDUW RI the evaluation before the application of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer in the mango plantation. Physiological analysis involving Chlorophyll Content was carried during the visit. Overall, based on the physiological analysis presented and discussed, the initial chlorophyll content of all studied Mango trees of both varieties (Seintalone and Yinkwei) is recorded to be below the optimum threshold (50.0 SPAD). This is mainly due to the nutrient deficiency issue that can be observed at the plantation.

The most severe nutrient deficiency symptoms that can be observed are the Potassium (K) deficiency, which shows the confluent orange spotting on the surface of the leaf. With the application of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer, we can expect the mango plant can recover from this nutrient deficiency and performed better with significant improvements can be observed with continuous application and good management, which is practiced at the plantation as it is now.

During the visit, soil analysis is also conducted which is the soil pH analysis. In this plantation, liming ash is applied on each weeding square of the plant as a soil amendment as well as to increase the soil pH to prevent soil acidity build up. Soil analysis shows that the pH of the soil inside the weeding square is quite alkaline around 9.42, mainly due to the presence of liming ash. While the soil pH outside the weeding square is slightly alkaline, with reading around 7.36.

GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer dosage recommended for Seintalone variety is two application of 12:12:17:2+TE (42 nugget) and one application of Super-K 0:0:54:2+TE (21 nugget). For Yinkwei variety, the recommendation is two application of 12:12:17:2+TE (36 nugget) and one application of Super-K 0:0:54:2+TE (18 nugget). The first Greenfeed Slow Release Fertilizer (12:12:17:2+TE) application is done during the visit, which is on 16 December 2018, so the next fertilizer application supposedly to be done on July 2019, followed by the application of Super-K on October 2019. The summary of recommended fertilizer application for both mango varieties can be referred to the figure below.

Figure 5.1 GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer application recommendation mango plant within ShwePuZun Plantation, Myanmar

The application of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer provide the nutrients required for the plant and improve the soil conditions for sustainable planting system. This report will provide a basis for comparative reference in the future to observe the progress and performance of the studied plants after the application of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer.

Greenfeed Groups will continue the effort in achieving new frontier benefitting the planters through GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer advantageous characteristics by applying and practicing the principles of Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA) approach, which provides the complete nutrients to the plant by minimizing the use of fertilizer while gaining the maximum yields.

6.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT :H ZRXOG OLNH WR H[SUHVV RXU JUDWLWXGH WR 6KZH3X=XQ 3ODQWDWLRQ PDQDJHPHQW WHDP IRU WKHLU ZDUP KRVSLWDOLW\ DQG WKHLU full cooperation to learn and share the experiences during the sampling. It is our utmost honor to be of assistance in ensuring this prodigious relationship would lasts and grows well.

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VEGETATIVE ANALYSIS REPORT FOR PAULOWNIA PLANT IN LINGGI, NEGERI SEMBILAN TECHNICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT (TRD) DEPARTMENT GREENFEED GROUPS OF COMPANY

Executive Summary Field sampling were carried out at Green Paulownia Estate in Linggi, Negeri Sembilan with the objective to examine the efficacy and effectiveness of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer for the application on paulownia trees that are grown commercially. The first field data collection was carried out on 24th April 2019 and the second field data was collected on 14th May 2019. On 24th April 2019, the plants are applied with 36 nuggets (594 g) of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer with formulation of 20:15:10:2+TE and 12:16:4:2+TE, making the interval between the data taken are about three weeks apart.

The analysis involved in this study includes vegetative analysis of the plant, which is the plant girth circumference. For the plant applied with Greenfeed 20:15:10:2+TE, the average girth circumference are 19.04 cm before the application of the fertilizer and 19.54 cm three weeks later, making an average increment of 2.63% from the previous reading. For the plant applied with Greenfeed 12:16:4:2+TE, the average girth circumference are 15.22 cm before the application of the fertilizer and 15.80 cm three weeks later, making an average increment of 3.81% from the previous reading.

Among the observation made during the field sampling is the dry land condition in the area. Due to the erratic weather condition, it is best to implement a good irrigation system. Other thing to take into consideration is the lack of topsoil on the paulownia planting area. It is always better to have a layer of topsoil or organic material to nourish and repair the soil structure to ensure healthier and faster growth of the paulownia plant, on top of the application of fertilizer. In conclusion, with good management practices, we are confident that the paulownia plant fertilized with GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer will yield a significant result and better growth rate over the longer period of time.

1.0 Introduction Paulownia is a fast-growing, multipurpose hardwood tree comprised of nice species and a few natural hybrids that are native to China. Paulownia is also called kiri WUHH SULQFHVV WUHH RU HPSUHVV WUHH LW ZDV QDPHG LQ KRQRU of Queen Anna Pavlovna from The Netherlands (1795–1865), daughter of Tsar Paul I of Russia.

Paulownia species are found growing naturally and under cultivated conditions in several parts of the world including China, Japan and Southeast Asia, Europe, North and Central America, and Australia.

Paulownia is a genus of six to 17 species (depending on taxonomic authority) of flowering plants in the family Paulowniaceae. They are present in many part of China, south to northern Laos and Vietnam and are long cultivated elsewhere in eastern Asia, notably in Japan and Korea. They are deciduous trees 12 – 15 meter tall, with large, heart-shaped leaves 15 – 40 cm across, arranged in opposite pairs on the stem. The flowers are produced in early spring on panicles 10 – 30 cm long, with a tubular purple corolla resembling a foxglove flower. The fruit is a dry capsule, containing thousands of minute seeds.

Many Paulownia species are cultivated in several temperate zones worldwide due to their rapid growth and value in the timber market. As new uses and related product are developed, the economic importance of

Paulownia is rapidly increasing. Paulownia is widely used in Asia for furniture, decorative paneling and musical instruments. It is light and strong with a silky smooth finish and takes a wide range of stains.

Plantation grown timber produces straight grained, knot free timber. Paulownia timber could substitute for broad leaf timber that is harvested from the tropical rain forests of Asia, South America and Africa.

Understanding the possibility of this potential parallel concept, fertilizer manufacturing company such as Greenfeed Groups have been engaging with continuous researches on the effectiveness of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow 5HOHDVH )HUWLOL]HU IRU RYHU \HDUV WR VXSSO\ HDFK SODQW with ample nutrients in balanced proportion to warrant vigorous vegetative growth, maximize nutrients uptake, and achieve optimum economic yields through the collaboration with renowned academic institution including Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).

Recognized as one of the Malaysian company with a novelty product such as GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer, we are actively conducts and provide agronomic trials, sample analysis, and advisory services to the clients as part of the exertion to continuously monitor the performance of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer application within the plantations.

Furthermore, slow release fertilizer such as GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer belongs to the High Efficient Fertilizers that utilizes technological advancements that GREENFEED BULLETIN ISSUE 20, 2019

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could not only reduced the number of fertilizing rate and frequency, but also able to retain or improve the plant’s yielding capacity and also the soil conditions.

The Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer was able to promote a profound “Low Input Sustainable Agriculture” (LISA) concept of practices to the industry and this rely more towards the understanding of the internal interaction of the elements within the formulation and also the external physical parameters relative to the fertilizer. Hence within this paper, this continuation effort in ensuring the effectiveness of Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer can be referred through comprehensive analysis in Green Paulownia Estate, Linggi, Negeri Sembilan. The main objective of the field sampling is to monitor the efficiency and the effectiveness of the Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer’s implications growth of the paulownia plant situated within the plantation area.

2.0 Metodhology Plant Analysis- vegetative Growth Measurement The vegetative growth measurement was conducted to evaluate the growth of the paulownia plant. It concerns with the growing capabilities of the plant as well as the designated function of the plant concerning with growth and nutrition status. Such study will provide an indication related to the nutrient sufficiency to support the vegetative growth process of the plant. During the sampling, the parameters involved are the plant girth circumference.

Seven tree samples that are fertilized with Greenfeed 20:15:10:2+TE are randomly selected for the measurement to be taken and for the plant that are fertilized with Greenfeed 12:16:4:2+TE, five tree samples are randomly selected.

3.0 Results Plant Girth Circumference Figure 4.1 shows the girth circumference of studied paulownia plant before and after three weeks of Greenfeed 20:15:10:2+TE application. Five out of seven studied plants recorded an increment after only three weeks of fertilizer application. The average girth circumference during the first data collection is 19.04 cm and 19.54 cm during the second data collection. With an average increment of 0.50 cm, this indicates an increase of 2.63% from the previous reading.

Figure 3.1 Recorded girth circumference of plant fertilized with Greenfeed 20:15:10:2+TE in Green Paulownia Estate, Linggi, Negeri Sembilan.

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Figure 4.2 shows the girth circumference of studied paulownia plant before and after three weeks of Greenfeed 12:16:4:2+TE application. All studied plants recorded an increment after only three weeks of fertilizer application. The average girth circumference during the first data collection is 15.22 cm and 15.80 cm during the second data collection.

With an average increment of 0.58 cm, this indicates an increase of 3.81% from the previous reading.

Figure 3.2 Recorded girth circumference of plant fertilized with Greenfeed 12:16:4:2+TE in Green Paulownia Estate, Linggi, Negeri Sembilan.

4.0 Discussion and Conclusion The objective of this report is to examine the efficacy and effectiveness of Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer for the application on paulownia trees that are grown commercially. The study was made based on the vegetative analysis that is the plant girth circumference.

In this study, the girth circumference for paulownia plant fertilized with Greenfeed 20:15:10:2+TE shows an average increment of 0.50 cm (2.63%) from the previous reading. For the girth circumference for paulownia plant fertilized with Greenfeed 12:12:20:2+TE, it shows an average increment of 0.58 cm (3.81%) from the previous reading. This is considered quite significant growth rate considering the fertilizer is only applied just three weeks before.

Among the observation made during the field sampling is the dry land condition in the area. Due to the erratic weather condition, it is best to implement a good irrigation system. Other thing to take into consideration is the lack of topsoil on the paulownia planting area. It is always better to have a layer of topsoil or organic material to nourish and repair the soil structure to ensure healthier and faster growth of the paulownia plant, on top of the application of fertilizer. In conclusion, with good management practices, we are confident that the paulownia plant fertilized with Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer will yield a significant result and better growth rate over the longer period of time.

Greenfeed Groups will continue its effort in achieving new frontier benefiting the planters through Greenfeed® Slow Release Fertilizer advantageous characteristics by applying Low Input Sustainable Practices (LISA) approach, which providing the complete nutrients to the plant by minimizing the use of fertilizer while gaining the optimum yield.

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5.0 Acknowledgement We like to thank Green Paulownia management for the kind hospitality and co-operations. We also like to extend our gratitude to all the estate workers for their kind assistances during this study.

6.0 Appendices Table 6.1 Analysis data of the studied paulownia plant at Green Paulownia Estate, Linggi, Negeri Sembilan.

Formulation

Greenfeed 20:15:10:2+TE

Greenfeed 12:16:4:2+TE

Sample T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 AVERAGE T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 AVERAGE

24-Apr-19 23.0 18.5 17.3 14.5 22.0 20.0 18.0 19.04 16.0 12.0 13.7 16.4 18.0 15.22

Girth (cm)

14-May-19 23.5 19.0 18.0 15.5 22.0 20.8 18.0 19.54 17.0 12.5 14.0 17.0 18.5 15.80

Figure 6.1 Application of GreenfeedÂŽ Slow Release Fertilizer on paulownia plant.

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Figure 6.2 Studied paulownia plants are marked and the girth is recorded.

Figure 6.3 Overview of the Green Paulownia Estate located in Linggi, Negeri Sembilan.

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Low Input Sustainable Agriculture

Environmental Friendly | Economically Viable | Socially Just Main objectives of LISA is to create a profitable and productive farming, protection of resources and environmental quality. Companion objectives include ensuring safe and nutritious food supplies and reducing health risks to farmworkers.

The Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA) concept is against the high agricultural input which only gives small benefits while contributing greatly to pollution and degrading soil quality. This concept focuses on improving the fertilization efficiency rather than excessively applying fertilizer towards the plant to get higher yield. This can help to make the agriculture industry to be more sustainable.

“Passion with Innovation�

R E S E A R C H

&

D E V E L O P M E N T

Greenfeed offers an entire suite of analytical testing. We are dedicated to toward providing accurate, unbiased analysis of current products. The Lab provides easy-to-understand reports for concerning irrigation water, leaves, soil, and plant tissue. Greenfeed Professional Lab is staffed by expert technical advisors and talented in-house personnel to make up the manpower component of the company known to be the industry's most successful slow release fertilizers company. These individuals represent a wide array of scientific disciplines, including Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Agronomy, Plant Pathology, Microbiology, and Mechanical engineering.

M A N U F A C T U R I N G Our commitment is towards producing reliable and consistent slow release fertilizer products. Our products are formulated under the most stringent quality standard in ensuring the nutrient/active ingredient; product stability; efficiency and ease of application. Slow release fertilizers are engineered to provide a specific release characteristic that has been proven through laboratory trials, field trials and customer experiences. Our Slow Release Fertilizer was tailored with formulation to suite the crops growth and climatic situation.

Ministry of International

Malaysia Investment

Intellectual Property

Intellectual Property

the Ministry of Trade of

Trade and Industry

Development Authority

Corporation of Malaysia

the Republic of Indonesia

Pioneer Status

Manufacturing License: A 015437

Industry Design No: MY07-00700-0101

NPB No.: 103-124-131208

PCT/SG2006/000106

Manufacturing

PI20044120 / PI20061653 / PI20061654 /

SNI No.: 02-2803-2000

KR/10-2008-7029052

Slow Release Fertilizer

PI20061655 / PI2011005234 / PI2011005235

MS ISO/IEC 17025

10th Global Super Excellent Brand

Malaysia Power Brand Awards 2014

TESTING

Award 2014 ~ 2015

Established Brand Awards

SAMM NO. 694

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Patent Registration Number

No. Akreditasi: 320/LS-PRO/SNI/2013

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2020

21st China International Agrochemical & Crop Protection Exhibition Shanghai New International Expo Center (SNIEC), Shanghai, CHINA

24th - 26 th FEBRUARY 2020 Concurrent Exhibition

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11th China International Fertilizer Show China International Agri Aviation Show

For over the years we pledge to bring significant innovations and advancement to provide positive impact to the agriculture industry.

2018 Overseas Market Expansion Award

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With passion to strive towards sustainable and modern agriculture, we committed to share the knowledge and technology that we have achieved. Hence participation in CAC 2020 is part of our sincere effort for the fifth consecutive year. We will be at :

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