REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO POLITÉCNICO “SANTIAGO MARIÑO” EXTENSIÓN SAN CRISTÓBAL
PRODUCED BY: KLEIBERT JULIAN PEREIRA RAMIREZ C.I - 21219571 ENGLISH I
CONTENT PREPOSITIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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ADVERVIAL CLAUSES…………………………………………………………………………………………….
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USE OF PREPOSITIONS The prepositions can perform different functions: - To serve as a link between two words or different elements in the sentence: I'll see you at five o'clock - They can accompany a verb serving as a link to its complement. In this case, they may not alter the meaning of the verb or alter it with what constitutes a distinct word. To look (does not alter the meaning of the verb) To look after (to change the meaning of the verb) - When we put a verb after a preposition, in English normally the form 'ing' is used and not the infinitive. You should not go to India without visiting the Taj Mahal. I am interested in studying psychology.• Gardening rather interested public and private fences or enclosures, spaces such as parks and gardens. • The landscaping is interested in open spaces enclosed with fences and an open space with no fence or wall, such as squares, networks of parks, green belts and wild places.
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THE MAIN PREPOSITIONS IN ENGLISH ARE:
About belowFrom overUponabovebesideInsinceWit hAft erBet wee nint oThroughWit hout At Byliket hroughout Am ongbut neart ill = unt ilbeforedownofToBehindExcept offUnderBeneat hforonup
POSITION OF THE PREPOSITIONS Generally, they are placed before the noun or the pronoun, except in the following cases: A.) With the relative pronoun, when followed by preposition, it can be placed in the final position. The girls I st udy wit h (for: The girls wit h whom I st udy) B.) In interrogative phrases when they begin with an interrogative
4 pronoun:
Who were you speaking t o? (Inst ead of: To whom were you speaking?)
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Adverbial clauses of result The
clauses of result (consecutiv e subordinate sentences) are those that will serve to express the result of the action indicated in the main sentence. The main linkers used to introduce this type of sentence are the following: So + clause : I was exhausted, so I went to bed at 9 p.m -
So + adjet ivo / adverbio + t hat + clause: I was so t ired t hat I went to bed at 9 pm. As a result + clause: We left too late. As a result , we m issed t he train Therefore + clause: It means "therefore", "consequently", "then"… I failed my English test in June. Therefore, I t ook it again in September – Such + a / an + adjet ivo + sust ant ivo en singular + t hat + clause: It was such a boring film t hat I fell asleep – Such + adjet ivo + sust ant ivo en plural / sust ant ivo incont able + t hat + clause: They were such hard working people t hat t hey soon got promoted. – So m uch (o “m any” para sust ant ivos cont ables) + sust ant ivo + t hat + clause: There were so m any people t here t hat t hey couldn't all fit in the room Such t hat / In such a way t hat : We will also serve to express an outcome, albeit in academic or very formal contexts: Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end and never simply as a means
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AD VE RB IA L CL AU SE S OF P UR PO SE 1 For: Following a verb ending in "-ing", it will serve to talk about the purpose or function of an object. Example: We use a thermometer to measure the temperature. That is to say, it is a question of the purpose with which a certain object has been designed or constructed. On the other hand, we can use "for" followed by a noun just to talk about the purpose or purpose of a given action, as in this example: We went to the restaurant to (for the purpose or purpose of) dinner.
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2 Usually, we can use all three forms indistinctly, but only in affirmative sentences, since in negatives it is not common to use "to". The only difference between them is that "in order to" and "so as to" are a little more formal. They will always be followed by a verb in infinitive. Let's look at examples: I went to Madrid to learn Spanish. I went to Madrid to learn Spanish. I went to Madrid in order to learn Spanish. As we have seen, there is no variation of meaning, which is why any of these sentences could be translated as: I went to Madrid to learn Spanish. As for negative sentences (precisely where the use of "so as to" and "in order to" is more frequent), its structure will be as follows: "so as not to" + infinitive or also "in order not to" Infinitive