Suhina sindhi by Akhand Sindhu Sansar

SUHINA SINDHI (Interviews & Profiles)

Writer

Ashok Manwani F-88/24, Tulsi Nagar BHOPAL-462003 Ph. : 0755-2556737

(Interviews & Profiles) Year : 2006 © Mrs. Ganga Manwani Price : 100/-

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lqfg.kk fla/kh ¼eqykdkrwa½ ys[kd

v'kksd euok.kh ,Q 88@24 rqylh uxj Hkksiky&462003 Qksu % 0755&2556737

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Publisher Akhand Sindhu Sansar 37, Sant Kanwar Ram Nagar BHOPAL-462038 Ph. : 0755-2733651

izdk'kd v[k.M flaèkw lalkj 37] lar daojjke uxj Hkksiky&462038 Qksu 0755&2733651

Sketches & Design Mahendra Manware, Avinash

vkdYiu] fp«kkadu egsUnz euokjs] vfouk'k

Financial Assistance Sindhi Prabhag Sahitya Academy Madhya Pradesh Sanskriti Parishad Bhopal (M.P.)

vkaf'kd vkfFkZd lg;ksx flUèkh izHkkx lkfgR; vdkneh eè;izns'k laLÑfr ifj"kn Hkksiky ¼e- iz-½

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lq U nj vxuk.kh v/;{k vf[ky Hkkjr fla/kh c=ksyh ,sa lkfgr lHkk

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;wfuoflZVh esa izkphu Hkkjrh; bfrgkl] jgh iafgats 'kkfxnZu ,sa laLFkkmau ikjka lalkj th iqjk.kh ,sa egku fla/kq ?kkVh y[ku ek.gq f u [ks fn= u hA

lg;ksx ekrkJh % dykorh euok.kh /keZ i fRu % xa x k iqV % jfer] eksfgr

iafgath ikM+qu [kka] iafgath ekr`Hkwfev [kka nwj] vVs] yVs ,sa v>s th cqfu;knh t+:jrqu ykb lt=s lalkj esa fHkfVdanM+ fla è kh lekt vt= q da f ga lq ¥ k.ki th eks g rkt u vkgs A oru ts fojgk³s [kka iks b ohgu&ia t ohgu lkyu rkb± iafgats otwn ykb ik.k irksM+.k esa flaèkh lekt tks iafgath dyk] lkfgr ,sa fc=;u lkaLÑfrd [ks«ku esa ;ksxnku ?k.kks iksb mfHkfj;ksA egur&e'kDdr balku tks èkeZ vkgsA dn=fga&dn=fga balku gkjkb±nks fc vkgsA flaèkh rjDdh ilan lekt vkgsA flaèkh vnc ts l`t.kgkjfu [ks ?kqfjts r gw vfgM+u jpukRed dk;Z u [ks va t ke fn= ; u thva la n fu es a fo'oklq tkx` r fFk, ,sa gw iafgats ut+fj;s ts izfr vklkÅ fFk;u ,sa vlkatks iksfjfg;ks vtk;ks u o¥sA fgu fdrkc esa okfd+fQ+;r ts ekQ+Zr i<+nM+fu [ks dq>q pw a M 'kf[+ l ;rq u th dkfcfy;r th t= k .k Fkks j s es a fn= u h obZ vkgs tsdk dfga [+kkl uqDrs [ks oBh dbZ obZ vkgsA vlka flaèkh gd+hd+r esa ik.k esa bZ fgd fc=, [kka x+Sj&okfd+Q vkfg;wa] rafga djs ys[kd v'kksd euok.khv [ks fgu fdrkc th ifèkjkbZv th t+:jr eglwl FkhA ds- Vh- nknyk.kh ,&4] lgdkjh ifjlj] dYiuk uxj Hkksiky&462021 eksckby % 9425771410

eqafgats ikjka--bUVjO;w ;kfu fc=fu 'k[+lu ts fop esa fFk;y x=kfYg c=ksyA bUVjO;w esa c= /kqfj;wa [kkl Fkhafn;wa vkfguA ia g fj;ks a bUVjO;w oBa n M+ ;kfu lk{kkRdkjdrkZ ¼Interviewer½ fc= ; ks bUVjO;w n= h a n M+ ;kfu lk{kkRdkjnkrk ¼Interviewee½A bUVjO;w th Vha ,s a vge /kq j h fc vkgs A mgk vkgs & i<+ U nM+ ] c= q / kUnM+ ;k fn= l UnM+ A Vha /kq j hv th tkudkjhv ykb bZ iagfj;u fc=u 'k[+lu tks okrkZyki Fkhanks vkgsA fla/kh lekt ts dafga 'k[+l th fnypLih la x hr] lkfgR; ,s a dyk ts iz f r fn= l h eq a f ga t ks [kw u o/kh os a n ks vkgs A xq t + f j;y ohgu&c= k ohgu lkyu th v[+ k ckjuohlhv es a vfgM+ k vVdy lm [kuq 'k[+ l xfn= ; k vkfgu ftfuth vf[k;qfu esa ewa flaf/k;r ykb reke oèkhd iz s e fn= B ks vkgs A vfgM+ u ek.gq f u lka fFk;y eqykdkrwa ewa ykb folkj.k eqefdu dksUgsA vpks rOgka fc okfDQ;r d;ks vfgM+u lqfg.ku flafèk;qu lka A

v'kksd euok.kh

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lqanj cqVk.kh fd'kks j ykyok.kh jkts ' k Hka H kk.kh ,l- ih- esa?kk.kh vtZ u Hkx= r q jf'e jek.kh ik: pkoyk fnyhi&xks o /kZ u mnklh vfuyk lqUnj jk.kh djuk ?ku';ke oklok.kh MkW- deyk xksdyk.kh cchrk ek[khtk jes'k ukuok.kh xks f oUn fugyk.kh v'kks d pka n ok.kh fouks n vklw n k.kh us H kunkl tx= o k.kh fofiu 'ks o k.kh eksgu xsgk.kh MkW- ukjk;.k Hkkjrh MkW- cyjke VfgY;k.kh v'kksd cqyk.kh Ñ".k [kVok.kh fo'ofe«k oklok.kh Hkx= o a r h ukok.kh yrk Hkxfr;k.kh vuq j k/kk ykyok.kh vtZu gkfln ukjh yPNok.kh

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lqanj cqVk.kh lqanj Hkx=okunkl cqVk.kh ofj"B jaxdehZ vkfguA mUgu tks tueq flUèkq ts djkph ft+ys ts lsog.k x=ksB esa 27 lsIVEcj 1933 esa fFk;ksA vBsa rkb± flVh Ldwy djkphv esa ,sa ukvsa [kka c=kjgsa rkb± U;w baxfy'k gkbZ Ldwy ukxiqj esa ,sa dkW y s t tk pkj lky fgLyki dkW y s t es a i<+ h ukxiq j fo'ofo|ky; eka ch-,- th fMxzh 1954 esa gklqyq d;kÅaA fgufu 1954 esa bZ egkys[kkdkj dk;kZy; esa DydZ ts in rs ukSdjhv th 'kq:vkr dbZ ,sa vuqHkkx vfèkdkjhv ts in rka fjVk;j fFk;kA lq a n j cq V k.khv 1966 es a egkjk"Vª ljdkj ts ukVd dk;Z'kkyk eqacbZv esa Ngu g¶+ru tks dkslZ iwjks d;ks ,sa ukxiqj esa pkj nQ+k ua<k&ua<k fFk,Vj odZ'kki gyk;kA lqUnj cqVk.khv lka xnq= mUgu tks iwjks ifjokj ukVd ,sa lkaLÑfrd gypy lka tqfM+;yq vkgsA lqanj cqVk.khv th èkeZ i Ruh ikoZ r h cq V k.kh ukVd ts ilea t + j lka tq f M+ ; y vkgs A pbuh èkhv#fu la x hrk ew j tk.kh] iq " ik ukjok.kh] lqfg.kk flaèkh 09

fiz;k elan] vatfy Hkkos ,sa iqV MkW- xqjeq[k fi.k ukVdu esa deq d;ks vkgsA ukxiqj esa MkDVju ts x=kb.k okju tks fgdq xzqi ^vkokt+* vkgs] tafgaesa MkW- xq#eq[k lfØ; xk;d vkgsA n=ksfgVks lqfer fc jaxeap rs vk;ks vkgsA ukxiqj ts fla è kh ja x ea p ts tud Jh cq V k.khv [ks Hkh"e firkekg poUnk vkfgu] r fgUnh ukV~ ; tx= r es a fc mUgu [ks nnqvk ts ukys lka lq×¥krks osanks vkgsA Jh cqVk.khv esa flaèkh ukVd fgUnh n'kZdu rkb± igqpkb.k th yyd jgh vkgsA lqUnj cqVk.khv flaèkh ukVd uhyke] pksj&pksj] cl LVki] [ksy] Q+uk] gsYFk lsaVj] E;wfufLiy dkamlyj] ?kksV xqe tksb ijs'kku fgUnh n'kZdu rkb± igqpk;k vkfguA v'kksd % jax;k«kk th 'kq:vkr dhva Fkh \ lqanj % jax;k«kk th 'kq:vkr 23 fnlEcj 1952 rs fgd vaxzst+h Nk;k ukVd ØkbZe ,.M ifu'kesUV lka FkhA fgLykW i dkW y s t th xS n fja x es a fgu ukVd es a eka fuekZrk] lgfunsZ'kd ,sa vnkdkj gq;qlA ;kus 54 lky jaxeap th lsok dans fFk;k vkfguA v'kksd % rOgka iafgats d;y ukVdu ts ckcr cq=èkkb±nk \ lqanj % eka fgu oD+r rkb± 105 ukVdu th fgnk;rdkjh dbZ vkgs] ftuesa 35 flaèkh ukVdu tk 69 'kks] 61 fgUnh ukVdu tk 167 'kks] vaxzst+h ,sa ejkBhv ts 9 ukVdfu tk 18 'kks Fkh pqdk vkfguA bu [kka lokb 55 ukVdu esa vfHku; fc d;ks vkgs] tfgaesa 41 'kks 17 flaèkh ukVdu tk] 63 'kks 35 fgUnh ukVdu tk] 20 'kks 13 va x z s t h ,s a ejkBh ukVdu tk 'kkfey vkfguA v'kksd % flaèkh ukVdu th gkyr rs rOgkatks jk;ks \ lqna j % flaèkh ukVd th vtq= th gkyr dqehv ts pky lka u cfYd twav th j¶+rkj lka gyh jgh vkgsA dq>q 'kgju es a ,dM+ c= s d M+ ukVd Fkh jfg;k vkfguA ts d k x= k fYg reke D;kl tks x = h vkgs A ukVd u flQ+Z flaèkh c=ksyhv [ks] cfYd dafga fc c=ksyhv [ks] laLÑrhv [ks] lkfgR; ,sa lH;rk [ks fta+ng j[k.k tks fgdq et+cwr ,sa t+cjnLr gfFk;k# vkfguA thva r vlka t h c= k s y h] lkfgR;] lH;rk ,s a la L Ñrhv ts lqfg.kk flaèkh 10

feVth o¥.k tks [k+rjks vlkats lkEgwa vkgs] rafga esa fla è kh ukVd ts gfFk;kj [ks vtq = ts V LihM lka gykb.k th t+:jr vkgsA laLFkkmu [ks bu n=l esa dne [k.k.kq ?kq j tfuA u r u flQZ c= k s y hv tks cfYd ukVd tks vkb± n ks Åa n kgks vkgs A fla è kh vdkfnfe;qfu [ks fc bu n=l esa è;kuq fn=;.kq [kisA v'kksd % flaèkh ukVd esa laxhr ts bLrseky ckcr cq=èkk;ks\ lqanj % igjha b'kkjk gqvk] iksb v[kj vk;k] iksb fru[ks ok.kh feyh&bgs c=bZ bLe] b'kkjk ,sa ok.kh ukVd esa vnkdkjhv tk c= vge fgLlk vkfgu ,sa ojh thou esa dn=fga&dn=fga 'kkafr fc t+:jh vkgs] tafga oD+r balkuq dq>q x=kfYg;qfu ts ckjs esa lksps Fkks] fparu ,sa eaFku djs Fkks] fc=, ikls d+qnjr ts gj vkokt+ esa] iksb Hkys mgs if[k;qfu ts pgd.k tk gqtu] unhv ts oganM+ ik.khv tk gqtu] o.kfu fV.kfu ea> ljlj danM+ gokmu tk gqtu] leqaM ts ygjqu tk gqtu] vkc'kkj eka >j>j dans oganM+ ty tk gqtu] mUgu esa laxhr lek;y vkgs] ,sa bgks laxhr balku ts thou tks fgdq vge tqt+ks vkgsA thva r ukVdq balku ts thor th rLohj vkgs] rafg djs iafgatks ik.k] laxhr] ukVd tks fgdq t+:jh ckcq Fkh ios FkksA laxhr lka ?k.ksbZ HkkoukÅa mHkkjs lf?ktu fFk;wA ukVd ts ekgkSy [ks Bkfg.k esa laxhrq vge fgLlks vkgsA dafga ik«k ts eu esa Nk fopk# gyh jfg;ks vkgs] gquts eu th gkyr dfgM+h vkgs ox+Sjg tks bt+gkj laxhr }kjk djs l?kts FkksA v'kksd % ejkBh ukVd ts eqdk+ cys esa vlka fdFks vkfg;wa \ lqanj % ejkBh bZ Nks \ fgUnh] caxkyh] rfey] rsyxw ,sa fc= ; u c= k s f y;q u ts ukVdu ts Hks V es a vlha ?k.kks iq B rs vkfg;w a A mgs ukVd vlka [kka mfej es a on= k vkfgu] mUgu [ks isj j[k.k ykb iafgath t+ehu vkgs tsdk vlka ofV u vkgs&fc=;u c=ksfy;qu [ks fy[k.k] i<+.k ,sa x=kYgkb±nM+u tks on=ks rknkn vkgs ,sa vlha fVfM+ ; y&if[kfM+ ; y]a eFkka ojh vlka t h okikjh fopkjèkkjk] tsdk ifgjha bgks lksphanh vkgs r flaèkh

fl[k.k ;k ls[kkj.k lka vlka [ks dks Qk;nks vkgs \ bUgu lfHkuh dkj.ku djs vlkath c=ksyhv] lkfgR; ,sa ukVd rs mcrks vljq fi;ks vkgsA v'kksd % csLV flaèkh fgnk;rdkj dafga [ks e¥hnk \ lqanj % fgu ekeys esa eka pqi jg.kq pkghanql] Nks tks ?k.ks Hkk³s ] ftu[ks dke;kc ;k cs L V fgnk;rdkju tks yscy yx=y vkgs] mUgu fc=;u c=ksfy;qu ts lQy ukVdu [ks fn=lh djs] gwcgw] flaèkh c=ksyhv esa eap rs is'k d;ks vkgs ,sa 'kksgjr gklqy dbZ vkgsA vfgM+fu ukVdu [ks eka flaèkh ukVd u pbZ djs flaèkh c=ky s hv esa d;yq ukVdq poanqlA fdu&fdu ukVdu eas r osl ox=k ,sa jhr fjokt fc ewy ukVdu tk vkfgu] ftu esa flaèkh thor th lqx=aèk dksu vkgsA bu gkyr esa dke;kch dafgath \ ewy dke;kc ukVd ts fgnk;rdkj th ;k flaèkh fgnk;rdkj th \ fgnk;rdkj mgks tks ew y fla è kh ukVd ta f ga e s a fla è kh thor th] c= k s y hv th] lH;rk th ,sa laLÑfrv th efgd gqts vgM+k ukVd is'k djs] ges'kk uoka&uoka rtqckZ djs] ukVd [ks lqfg.ks uewus is'k djs] flaèkh n'kZdu [ks dqN uvksa n=s[kkjs] tafgaesa flafèk;r th >yd gqtsA :ikarj esa bgks djs l?kts Fkks ij esgur ds# djs \ cgjgky ewa lq x = Z o klh thou xq j lgk.kh ,s a iz s e iz d k'k th fgn;krdkjhv esa mÙke >yfd;wa il;wa vkfguA v'kksd % rOgkatk ilanhnk ukVd dykdkj \ lqanj % ?k.ksbZ vkfgu] dafgatks&dafgatks ukyks [k.kk \ ojh fc tloa r dq e kj] uh: vkljk.kh] lq x Z = o klh iq " ik ekYgh] ehjk tkjk.kh] gjh'k ekbZnklk.khA v'kksd % rOgka th dke;kchv tks ewyea«k \ lq a n j % ew y ea « k yxu] es g ur ,s a pkgr&ukVd lka I;kj csbfa rgk----- ,sa ekfyd esa fo'okl ,as ik.k esa fc] Nks tks vkRefo'okl bZ dke;kchv th dqath vkgsA v'kksd % iafgats [kkl flaèkh ukVdu ,sa fdjnkj ts ckjs esa cq = è kk;ks \ lqna j % flaèkh ukVd ^;kn dank* esa ewa nknk xksikynkl tks fdjnkj] ^lwjhv ln=q d;ks* esa gsewa dkyk.khv ts ihm

lqfg.kk flaèkh 11

lqfg.kk flaèkh 12

tks fdjnkj fuHkk, larks"k tks vuqHko d;ksA fc=;k jksy vkfgu& mej ek#bZv esa iky.kks] ^gqtbZ uk.kks r* esa datwl ekLrj nq[kk;y eksVok.kh] ^fgdq I;klks euq eqfa gatks* esa dkdkth] ^gsjhv lanh gsj* esa cknksey] ^?kksV xqe tksb ijs'kku* esa iqfyl dfe'uj] ^ub± gok* esa izkQ s l s+ j] ^fgd vthc nkLrku* esa tsyj] ^uhyke* esa >eVey] ^pksj&pksj* esa nhoku gksrpan tks jksy d;ksA v'kksd % fc=;u Hkk"kkmu ts ukVdu esa fi.k rOgka jksy d;k vkfgu] mUgu ts ckjs esa dqNq cq=èkk;ks\ lq a n j % fgUnhv es a xq L rk[k+ h ekQ+ ] ,d vkS j nz k s . kkpk;Z ] vaèksjk] lcls cM+k :i;k] pksj&pksj ,sa izfrHkk ukVd d;k vkfguA ejkBh ukVd v>hckyk] m'kk;% gok esa iknjh Bfg;ks gq;qlA vaxzsth ukVd Økbe ,aM ifu'kesVa ] feM lej ukbZV~l Mªhe] VqosYFk ukbV---] bULisDVj vkWQ LdwYl [k+kfl vkfguA v'kks d % la x hr dn= f ga & dn= f ga Mk;ykW x rs gkoh Fkh osUnks vkgsA rOgkats ohpkj lka Nk bgks Bhd vkgs \ lqanj % laxhr ileat+j esa gqv.k ?kqjts] dykdkjh lkEgwa gqv.k t+:jh vkgsA laxhr ukVd ts x=js ekgkSy [ks gydks dj.k ykb vkgs ] ekgkS y [ks oèkhd c= k s f >y Bkfg.k ykb uA v'kksd % fgd fLØIV jkbVj ifgats ys[ku esa laxhr ykb ladrs u djs r Mªkek Mk;jsDVj fc r Lis'ky bQsDV~l tks bLrseky djs l?ks Fkks \ lqna j % Mk;jsDVj [ks b,a dj.kks bZ ioanks vkgsA fgd nQ+]s ewa fgdq ukVdq d;ks gks ta f ga e s a ys [ kd fy[;ks gks r ukVd esa n=s[kkfj;y n`';q] fgd ?kj esa vkgs tsdks lkxj ts fdukjs vkgs ij fdjnkju ts laoknu esa fdFks fc bgk x= k fYg tkfgj dks u Fkh fFk,A fgu ekgksy [ks n'kZdu rkb± igqpkb.k ykb ewa laxhr tks lgkjks ofjrksA ileatj+ esa laxhr lka leaqM ts yfg#u tks vkokt+q iSnk d;ksA lqUnj cqVk.kh 300] guqeku uxj] ukxiqj lqfg.kk flaèkh 13

fd'kksj ykyok.kh fd'kksj ykyok.kh ub± Vghv ts ukVddkju esa 'kqekj vkgsA xqtfj;y 27 lky fd'kksj th ukVdu esa fgLlsnkjhv tk xokg vkfguA cSd a vkWQ cM+kSnk esa ukSdjh danM+ fd'kksj] lkbal ,sa ykW esa xzzstq,V fFk;.k lka xn=kx s n=q Mh- ch- ,e- ,sa lh-,-vkb-vkb-ch- th rkyhe gkfly djs fgd dkfcy vkQ+hlj th lq×¥k.ki Bkgs] flaèkh ukVd lalkj esa fi.k [+kkl lq¥k.ki Bkgh vkgsA v'kksd % ukVdu tks pLdks dhva yx=ks \ fd'kksj % ua<h mfej [kka ukVd fn=lUnks gq;qlA fn=lUns&fn=lUns yx=k]s Nks u eka fc ,fDVax dj.k th dksf'k'k d;ka] dksf'k'k dbZ] iksb r pLdks oèkUnks o;ksA v'kksd % ukVd fy[k.k ,sa dj.k esa ,frjks oD+rq fn=;.kq dfga foèkk ts izfr leiZ.kq pbcks] rn=fga fc rOgka oèkhd 'kkSd a q+ fy[k.k tks j[kUnk vkfg;ks ;k ,fDVax tks \ fd'kksj % nqf= [k;ks lqoky vkgsA ew[a ks fc=Ugha tks 'kkSd a q vkgsA fy[k.kq ,sa ,fDVax dj.kq eqfa gats ykb lkx=h vgfe;r j[kUnk vkfguA lqfg.kk flaèkh 14

v'kksd % rOgka dsfrjk ukVd fy[kh pqdk vkfg;ks \ fd'kksj % vVdy ohg ukVd fyf[k;k vkfguA eqfa gats fdrkc ^>wyy s ky rwa n;k dfj* esa iat ukVd 'kkfey vkfguA fc=;ks fdrkc rkt+ks 'kk;k fFk;ks vkgsA ^lt=.k nsfj dbZ b±n& s b±n*s esa fc iat ukVd 'kkfey vkfgu ij bgs lHkq ukVd fc=;u c=kfs y;qu eka flaèkh vuqokn d;y vkfguA ghavj rkt+ks ukVd ^c=fynku* fyf[k;ks vkgs] tafgaeas vlkath lekt ts Hkx=r daojjke lkgc ts thou lka xn=kx s n=q rokjh[+k esa flafèk;qfu ts ckcr t=k.k vkgsA v'kksd % ekSfyd ys[ku esa vkuan eglwl dank vkfg;ks ;k vuqokn esa \ fd'kksj % jkbfVax dfga fc fd+Le th gqt]s vkuan n=hna h= bZ vkgsA iafgats fyf[k;y tks lq[k oèkhd ekuk j[ks FkksA v'kksd % fc=;u c=kfs y;qu ts ukVdu ckcr cqè= kk;ks ftu tks vOgka vuqokn d;ks vkgs \ fd'kksj % fgUnhv ts ukVd ^ns'k ds nq'eu* ¼ys[kd fouksn jLrksxh½ tks rtqZeks ^oru tk osjh*] ejkBhv ts ukVd fnlr~ rl ulr~ ¼ys[kd lnkuan jsx½s tks rtqZeks ^lkS lky iksb*] cM+h nsj dh esgjcka vkrs&vkrs tks flaèkh rtqZeks ^lt=.k nsfj dbZ b±n& s b±ns ¼ys[kd d+knj[+kku½ Ñ".kpanj th dgk.kh tkequ dk isM+ rs vkèkkfjr] rhu canj tks flaèkh rtqZeks ^Vªs ckanj* ¼ys[kd izcksèk tks'kh½ eqfa gats ukVd&laxzg esa 'kkfey vkfguA v'kksd % vOgkatks izjs .kk L«kksr dsj vkgs \ fd'kksj % ?k.ksbZ lkFkh vkfgu] dq>q ukyk [k.k.kq tk;t dksu FkhanksA iafgats deZ lka ik.k eksVhosV Fkhanks vkfg;kaA v'kksd % ukVdu ts lQ+j tk dfgM+k lkFkh vkfgu \ fd'kksj % nknk lqna j cqVk.kh] rqylh lsfr;k] fouksn ykyok.kh] jes'k xqjuk.kh] fot; ohèkk.kh] cyjke Bdok.kh] ';ke ns=ok.kh] gjh'k xqjuk.kh] vks- ih- VfgY;k.kh] t;fd'ku] euksgj dsoyjkek.kh] y{e.k Fkkok.kh] jkds'k eksVok.kh eqfgath

thou lafxuh jf'e ,sa eqafgataw I;kfj;wa csfc;waA v'kksd % vkn'kZ Mªkek Mk;jsDVj dafga[ks e¥hank vkfg;ks \ fd'kksj % lqanj cqVk.kh] ,l- ih- esa?kk.kh] gjh'k ekbZnklk.kh] v'kksd cqyk.kh eqfa gatk vkn'kZ fgnk;rdkj vkfguA v'kksd % vOgka [ks ?k.ksbZ iqjLdkj fc fefy;k vkfguA oèkhd [+kq'kh dn=fga eglwl d;o \ fd'kksj % egkjk"Vª jkT; ukV~; egksRlo ikjka 1980 esa csLV ,fDVax tks vokMZ oBh oèkhd [+kq'kh FkhA ukVd gqvks ^xqLrk[+kh ekQ+*A v'kksd % vOgka[ks fgUnhv ts ukVdu esa ,fDVax dj.k tks pkal fc fefy;ks vkgsA dq>q ukyk cqè= kkbZUnk \ fd'kksj % eSa ek;ds pyh tkÅaxh] ,d vokLrfod dgkuh] osfVax :e] fdlh ,d dk olh;rukek] xqLrk[+kh ekQ+ ,sa ns'k ds nq'eu esa jksy d;ks vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh ukVdu ts ckjs esa vOgkatks jk;ks \ fd'kksj % flaèkh fgnk;rdkj lqBh egur djs jfg;k vkfguA fy[k.k okjk t+:j ?kfV vkfguA uoka dykdkj fc eSnku esa vph jfg;k vkfguA mEesn vkgs r vp.k okjs dq>q oDr esa flaèkh Mªkek caxkyh] ejkBh ,sa dUuM+ fFk;sVj th cjkcjh djs l?kUnkA v'kksd % vOgka tk is'k d;y dq>q [k+kl flaèkh Mªkek \ fd'kksj % ;kn dank] gqtbZ uk.kkas r] ghm I;klks eu eqfgatks] >wy.kq efgj djs] lwjhv ln=q d;ks] uhyke] ,DlD;wt eh( feLVj okfYedh] fgd vthc nkLrku] VsyhQ+kus ] lkS lky iksb] ekm eqjyh ihm racjw ks iqVªq ot=kb.k esa iwjks] rksHkka&rksHkka Hkx=okuq cpk,] Hkt=q pfj;k ts eLr vk;k vFkbZ] odhy okèkwey ,sa oru tk osjhA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 15

lqfg.kk flaèkh 16

fd'kks j ykyok.kh 13] xq:ukud lkslk;Vh] ukjk jksM] tjhiVdk] ukxiq j &440014

jkts'k HkaHkk.kh ukVd dyk ts tfj, jkts'k HkaHkk.kh dq>q oD+r esa bZ lqBks ukyks dek;ks vkgsA t;iqj esa jktLFkku flaèkh ,dsMehv ts flyoj tqcyh QaD'ku&2003 esa fgdq flaèkhv esa ukVd is'k fFk;ks&*fj'rk vkfgu fj'ru tks Nk*A jkts'k HkaHkk.khv ifgath ,fDVax lka lfHkuh th fny thrs ojrhA fgUnhv esa bgks ukVd ^laè;k Nk;k* ts ukys lka e'kgwj fFk;ks vkgsA ewy ukVd ejkBhv esa vkgsA flaèkhv esa vfgM+k Mªkek Mk;jsDV ,sa ,DV dj.kq lqBu&lqBu ts ol th x=kfYg dksUgsA jkts'k HkaHkk.khv vVdy 40 flaèkh ukVdu ,sa 10 fganh ukVdu esa vfHku; d;ks vkgsA fLØIV fy[k.k esa fc jkts'k th fnypLih vkgsA dqy 70 ukVdu esa ;ksxnku fn=uks vFkkb±A vt=q [kka 16 lky ifgjha 1990 esa jkts'k ,fDVax th nqfu;k esa isj jf[k;ksA LVsV cSd a vkWQ chdkusj ,.M t;iqj esa ukSdjh danM+ jkts'k [ks fojklr esa bZ flfUèk;r th 'ksok ,sa ,fDVax] jkbfVax tk laLdkj lqfg.kk flaèkh 17

fefy;k vkfguA la n fl firkJh y{e.k Hka H kk.kh vf[ky Hkkjr fla è kh c= k s y h ,s a lkfgr lHkk tk tujy ls Ø s V h] ^lqjfHk* eSX+t+hu tk ,MhVj] dgk.khdkj ,sa dykdkj vkfguA jkts'k HkaHkk.khv flaèkhv esa gsewa dkyk.kh] v<kbZ v[kj izes tk] lpq Nk vkgs] vkrad] vafre laLdkj] pDdjq ukSdj tks] lkg rs dfgM+ks Hkjkslks] cwanhv tk yn=wa] c=ksM+k vph fefM+;k] ltk&,&ekSr] lar daojjke] oru ts ykb] eq¶+r tks eky]a bZlk tks dRy Fkh fo;ks ,sa xzkmaM ¶yksj esa ,fDVax dbZ vkgsA ifgats jksy [ks thv.k dks jkts'k [kka fl[ksA jkts'k 1985 [kka vky bafM;k jsfM;ks lka fc okcLrk vkgsA uaf<;wa flaèkh dgkf.k;wa] okrkZÅa] ,dkafd;wa fy[k.k tks 'kkSad ,s a dfEi;fja x tks 'kkS a d q xq t fj;y c= k ohgu ofjgu [kka vFkflA T;ksfr dyk laLFkku] flaèkq osyQs;j lkslk;Vh] flfUèk;r] ps V hpa M fla è kh es y k lferh] cS a d ,Eiykbt+ fla è kq la x e t;iqj esa [kkl igpku Bkgs jkts'k lkfcr d;ks vkgs r izfrHkk [ks vfx=rs oèk.k [kka dks fc jksds u l?kUnks vkgsA lq j s ' k fla è kq ] lq U nj vxuk.kh ,s a fc= ; u ukVddkju] fgnk;rdkju jkts ' k th lkjgk da n s p;ks r jkts ' k tks fgdq ifgatks vankt+q vkgsA iafgats fdjnkj [ks thv.k th dyk esa jkts'k fo'ks"kK vkgsA vfHku; esa ifgatks xq: lqjs'k flaèkq [ks e¥hanks vkgsA jktLFkku ts flaèkh ukVd tx=r esa jkts'k fgdq pedanMq+ flrkjks vkgsA fgu oD+r rkb± ukxiqj] vgenkckn] Hkksiky] bUnkSj] cM+kSnk] mn;iqj] vtesj] tksèkiqj esa flaèkh Mªkek QsfLVoy esa jkts'k ifgats VsysUV tks izn'kZu d;ks vkgsA vfuyk lqanj ts cSys *flaèkq eqfgath vEek* esa fc jkts'k tks jksy vkgsA jkts ' k Hka H kk.kh 182] flaèkh dkyksuh] cuh ikdZ] t;iqj Qksu % 0141&2282030 lqfg.kk flaèkh 18

ukV~; foèkk ts lefiZr dykdkj ,l- ih- es?a kk.khv iafgath ftanxhv tks equks ¼75 ijlsVa ½ fgLlks fgnk;rdkjhv [ks fn=uks vkgsA flUèkh ukVdu ts fljekSj ,l- ihv- 1950 esa fgu foèkk esa izo's k dj.k [kka iksb iqfB;ka eqMh+ dksu fn=BksA Ldwyh thou [kka bZ ,l- ih- ukVd esa fgLlks oB.k yx=ks gksA flaèk ts uokc'kkg ft+ys esa 1933 esa t=koy lksHkjkt ijljke ¼,l- ih-½ es?a kk.khv i`Fohjkt diwj] lR;nso nqcs tfgfM+;qu 'kf[+l;rqu lka xn=q deq d;ks vkgsA ifgfj;ksa flaèkh ukVdq ^vaMj lsØVs ªh* ts ukys lka d;kÅaA vt=q fganh fQYequ ts e'kgwj foysu vejh'kiqjhv [ks ,fDVax dyk esa n{k dj.k okjs ,l- ih- es?a kk.khv] misUnzukFk v'd+ ts ukVd *y{eh dk Lokxr* ts eapu lka lfHkfu tks è;ku fNdk;ksA flaèkq dykdkj eafnj ts izeq[k fFk;.k ts ukrs ,l- ih- iafgats gquj lka uou&uou dykdkju [ks fgeFkkb.k tks iq.; deq d;ks vkgsA v'kksd % vOgka Mªkes th Q+hYM esa dhva vk;k \ ,l- ih- % Ldwy esa ,fDVax tks pkUl fefy;ksA iafgats jksy [ks

vUtkeq fn=;.k [kka vkRefo'oklq ofèk;ks ,sa eka fgd [kka fgd Mªkeu esa cfgjks oB.k yxql = A v'kksd % vOgkath ukV~; ;k«kk dhva 'kq: Fkh \ ,l- ih- % laLFkkmfu ts vkea«k.k rs tqnk&tqnk 'kgju esa o×¥.k 'kq: d;ksA ?k.ksbZ nQ+k iafgath laLFkk ts cSuj rs iafgats eSutesUV lka fc ukVd tk 'kks d;kA ek.gqu [ks Mªkek ilan vp.k yx=kA vlkath fc gkSlyk vQ+tk+ bZ FkhA v'kksd % Mªkes ykb dfgM+k mlwy t+:jh e¥hUnk vkfg;ks \ ,l- ih- % ifgajh x=kfYg lqBh fjglZy vkgsA gj dSjDs Vj iafgats jksy [ks th,] bgks t+:jh vkgsA oD+r tks vuq'kklu fc t+:jh vkgsA n'kZdu tks oDr rs vp.kq lgh lhV rs osg.kq ,sa fny lka ukVdq fn=l.kq [+kkl t+:jh vkgsA ukVdq vlfy;r ts vfx=;ka gqts thva fn=l.k okju [ks ilan vpsA Mk;jsDVj ,sa vkfVZLV [ks n'kZdu rs Hkjkslks dj.kq [kisA v'kks d % vOgka t h ut+ j es a dfgM+ k s flUèkh ukVd oèkhd e'kgwj fFk;ks \ ,l- ih- % 1969 esa *Nksjk vfx=;ka iks<k+ iqfB;ka* tks eapu ;knxkj jfg;ksA fgu ukVd [ks lqBh yksdfiz;rk gkfly FkhA bgksbZ lcc vkgs tks ^Nksjk vfx=;ka iks<k+ iqfB;ka*a tk 75 'kks fgu oD+r rkb± Fkh pqdk vkfguA dq>q nQ+k fgu ukVd ts eapu rs fojksèk ch lg.kks i;ksA v'kksd % fc=;k dfgM+k [+kkl ukVd mu nkSj esa fFk;k \ ,l- ih- % ^I;klks eu eqfgatks* ,sa ^'krjat tk eksgjk* [ks fc n'kZdu dkQ+h ilan d;ksA v'kksd % fgUnqLrku ts dfgM+fu 'kgju esa Mªkek d;k vFko\ ,l- ih- % eqca bZ] fnYyh] t;ij] dksydÙkk] Hkksiky] ukxiqj] lwjr] cM+kSnk] vgenkckn] vtesj] y[kuÅ] Xokfy;j] jk;iqj ,sa fc=;u ?k.kfu bZ 'kgju esa Fkh vk;k vkfg;wAa ftrs fc flUèkh fld lka ?kqjkbUnk vkfgu] rd+yhQaaw+ lgh fc igqph osUnk vkfg;waA v'kksd % iafgats iqjk.ks lkfFk;qu esa dafga[ks 'kqekj dUnk vkfg;ks \

lqfg.kk flaèkh 19

lqfg.kk flaèkh 20

,l- ih- esa?kk.kh

,l- ih- % dq e kj f[kyok.kh] bcz k fge vYdk ;kn b± n k vkfguA Mªkek ts lQ+j esa lkFkh c.ktUnk] foNqMt + Unk vkfguA vtq = vfèkdka ' k dykdkj ub± Vghv tk vkfgu tsds xn=q deq djs jfg;k vkfguA v'kks d % vOgka fLØIV jkbZVj [ks ds f rjh vgfe;r fn= ; .k pkghUnk \ ,l- ih- % dgk.khv tks jpf;rk iafgath vgfe;r r j[kUnks bZ vkgsA eaqfgats Mk;jsD'ku lka dgk.kh rRo [+kre dksu FkhUnks vkgsA bEizksokbt+s'kUl tkbt+ uewus dtu r dks fc fLØIV jkbZVj dn=fga ,srjkt+ dksu dUnksA eaqfgath èkeZiRuh Jherh dYiuk fc eqfa gats ykb fLØIVl R;kj d;wa vkfguA ¼baVjO;w ts nkSjku Hkfjlka osBy felst+ esa?kk.kh 'kekZ, FkhA½ v'kksd % vOgka th thou lafxuh Jherh dYiuk Mªkek jkbZfVax ts de [ks dhva 'kq: d;ks \ ,l- ih- % ¼f[kyans½ dYiuk rwa bZ tokc n=s---! dYiuk % lfHkfu [kka ifgjha dq>q Mªkek è;ku lka fn=BkA iksb ,lihv- th lykg ,sa e'kfojs lka fy[k.kq 'kq: d;kA eqfa gatk isdk Hkksiky esa gqvkA lfHkuh ea³.ks [kka iksb p;ks&**HkkbZ dykdkj lka ea³th vkghaA dq>q dyk ghavj bZ fl[kh oBqA^^ iksb ukxiqj igqrl r fn=Bks lHkq ek.gw ,l- ihv- [ks ,DVj ukys lka lq¥k.kUnk gqvkA iafgath [+kq'k fd+Lerh e¥hanh vkfg;ka tks ,l- ihv- tfgM+k lkFkh fefy;kA v'kksd % es?a kk.kh lkgc] vOgkats [+;ky lka ukVd foèkk rs Vh- ohdsfrjks vlj igqpk, jgh vkgs \ ,l- ih- % Vh- ohv- tks vljq vkgs] bgk x=kfYg lpq vkgs] ij Mªkes twa fo'ks"krkÅa dn=fga fc fgu [ks [+kRe u djs l?kfUn;wAa v'kksd % vOgkatks ilanhnk flUèkh ukVdq \ ,l- ih- % ^;kn dank* eqfa gatks ilanhnk flaèkh ukVd vkgsA ^;kn dank* tk vVdy c= lm 'kks Fkh pqdk vkfguA v'kksd % flUèkh ukVdu th HksV esa fganh ,sa ejkBh ukVdu ts

dykdkju esa leiZ.k Hkkouk dsfrjh vkgs \ ,l- ih- % fc=;u c=kfs y;qu tk dykdkj ukVd [ks lhfj;Yl rkb± igq p .k th lh<+ h ¼n= k d.k½ BkghUnk vkfguA flaèkh dykdkj lefiZr Hkkouk lka dk;Z dUnk vkfgu] u fla è kh lhfj;y Bgu Fkk] u dks jks y fefy.kks vFkfuA flaèkh dykdkj yx=u lka iafgats vfHku; [ks va t keq n= h Unk vkfguA v'kksd % vOgkatk uoka ukVd \ ,l- ih- % ^Lekby Iyht+*] ^f[ky r lgha*A gj Mk;jsDVj ,sa vkfVZLV u;w& a u;wa HkwfedkÅa pkghUnks vkgsA eaqfgatks e×¥.kq vkgs r bgk x=kfYg Mªkek foèkk ts fodkl ykb t+:jh vkgsA v'kksd % fgUnqLrku [kka c=kfgj dsfrjks fjLikal fefy;ks vFko\ ,l- ih- % flaèkh ?k.kks I;kj n=hUnk vkfguA [+kklrkSj lka nqcbZv esa ukVd [kwc ilan dank vkfguA fgu oD+r rkb± 20 'kks Fkh pq d k vkfguA v'kksd % vOgka[ks Hkkjr ljdkj tks fc lg;ksx= feyUnks vkgs \ ,l- ih- % dks fc lg;ksx= dksUgsA laxhr ukVd vdkneh gqts ;k us'kuy Ldwy vkWQ Mªkek] dafgatks fc lg;ksx= vtq= th rkjh[+k rkb± dksu fefy;ks vkgsA bgs lsUVj xqVckt+hv tk vn=k Bgh pqdk vkfguA fnYyhv esa dyk ?kfV] jkt= u hfr oèkhd vkgs A v'kksd % fgd lqBh ukV~; izLrqfrv ykb ukVd tk ?k.kk juFkzw t+:jh e¥hank vkfg;ks \ ,l- ih- % ?kfV esa ?kfV 30] ts vH;klq dksu FkhUnks r ijQ+Ds 'ku b±nks dhva \ eka Mªkek&'kks ts ukys rs Q+kjesfyVh dj.kq ilan dksu dUnks vkfg;kaA dq>q Mk;jsDVj t+:j bgks b ilan dUnk vkfguA v'kksd % flaèkh ukVdu th nqfu;k esa dfgM+u dykdkju tks Hkfo"; lqugjks Fkks yx=os \ ,l- ih- % iafgats xzqi ts lkfFk;qu ckcr cqè= kk, l?kka FkksA twyh ,sa

lqfg.kk flaèkh 21

lqfg.kk flaèkh 22

t;ghjks ?k.kks vfx=rs oèkUnkA dqekj fc lqBh egur djs jfg;ks vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh Hkk"kk esa dfgM+k ukVd oèkhd dke;kc FkhUnk vkfgu \ ,l- ih- % vD+lj f[ky et+kd okjk] ua<k&ua<k ukVdA ij vfgM+ks ukVdq] ukSVd a hv tks :i vkgsA rOgka[ks ^rhljh d+le* fQ+Ye ;kn gwUnhA ukSVd a hv tks vkèkqfud :i ukVd vkgsA eqfa gats ohpkj ewftc ukVd Qqy yaFs k gqv.kq [kiuA rn=fga ukVd lka U;k; Fkh l?ks FkksA on=s ukVd esa ,fDVax twa ckjhfd;wa fn=lh] le>h l?ktu fFk;wAa v'kksd % flaèkh ukVdu twa dfgfM+;aw dfe;wa eglwl dUnk vkfg;ks \ ,l- ih- % ykbV ,sa LVst ts ckjs esa ukVddkj] fgnk;rdkj ?kfV è;ku Fkk fn=;uA bu djs izLrqfr cstku fc djs Nn=hUnk vkfguA ,l- ih- esa?kk.kh fla/kq dyk eafnj] ¶ySV ua- 21] QLVZ ikLrk ysu] dksykck] eqacbZ&400005 Qksu % 022&22830136

lqfg.kk flaèkh 23

vtZu Hkx=rq vtZu Hkx=r iafgath dyk ;k«kk [ks fojke n=bZ fpj fuUnzk esa yhu Fkh fo;kA dq>q lky ifgjha Hkksiky esa lar fgjnkjke uxj esa vtZu Hkx=r iafgats fgd izkx s zke ts ekSds+ rs 'kkunkj is'kd'k fn=uh gqbZA iafgats gquj esa ekfgj vtZu Hkx=r] vtesjh gyokbZ ¼euok.kh ifjokj½ ts ln= rs lar daojjke th ;kn esa vljnkj izkx s zke is'k d;ksA iafgath eaMyhv ts esEcju [ks iwjks ekuq&lEekuq fn=;.kq vtZu Hkx=r th fo'ks"krk gqbZA Hkx=fr] flaèk th iqjk.kh yksddyk vkgsA dukZVd ts ;{kxku ,sa NÙkhlx<+ ts iaMokuhv tks vlj lt=ks fgUnqLrku eglwl danks vkgsA ij vlka flafèk;qu th Hkx=r dyk ,frjh yksdfiz; Nks uFkh fFk, \ eaqfgats bu loky rs vtZu Hkx=r Hkkoqd Fkh djs p;ks gks& ^^nksLr] vlka flaèkh iSlu tk ekbVª vkfg;w]a dyk lka vlkatks okLrks Q+dr+ jLeh vkgsA ojfl;wa eYgkb.kq fc etcwjh Fkh obZ vkgsA** fgd dkSMh+ lPpkbZ c=qèkh ewa vtqZu Hkx=r [kka iqfN;ks&^^lkb± lqfg.kk flaèkh 24

rOgka lt=s fgUnqLrku esa izksxzke is'k d;k vkfgu] rOgka[ks fdFks r Hkx=r tk lPpk izseh fefy;k gwUnkA vtZu Hkx=r c=qèkk;ks& ^gk] xqtjkr ts 'kgju esa Hkx=r tk dnznku feyUnk vkfguA e/;izn's k esa oèkhd Hkksiky vk;ks vkfg;ka] bu djs pbZ l?kts Fkks r fgrs fc Hkx=r tk dkQ+h izes h vkfguA ij lpq iqNks r rknkn fc=u fVªu lou [kka oèkhd dn=fga dksu fn=Bh vkgsA fc=;fu Hkk"kkmu tk dykdkj gt+kju ek.gqu ts fop esa iafgath dyk tks Q+[k+ qj lka izn'kZu dank vkfguA flaèkh dykdkju ts fdLer esa bgks dksUgs] fQygky] fn=lÅa vfgM+ks n=hga q dn=fga Fkks vpsA** vtZu Hkx=r Li"Voknh] feyulkj ,sa feBks x=kYgkb.k okjks 'k[+lq gksA Hkksiky esa izkx s zke is'k dj.k [kka iksb fc=, n=hga qa 'kke tks jktdksV ,Dlizl s lka jokuks fFk;.kks gq;quA lt=ks n=hga qa >wyy s ky eafnj rstok.kh gky esa rUgk oD+r xqtkj.kq rd+yhQ+ nk;d yx=quA Hkx=r dyk ts ckjs esa x=kYgkbZna s vtZu Hkx=r fgd [kkl tks'k esa vph oans k gqvkA eqfa gatk loky cqè= kh vtZu Hkx=r fgd xgjs lksp esa cqn= h= fo;kA p;kÅa & ^^nksLr] rOgka[ks Hkx=r ts ckjs esa oèkhd t=k.k [kis r dn=fga vgenkckn vpksA ewa oV Hkx=r rs fFk;y fjlpZ ,sa 'kk;k fFk;y fdrkc vkfguA rOgka i<+ks ,sa vkuan oBksA vtZu Hkx=r Hkkjr ljdkj ts mis{kkiw.kZ joS;s rs fc vQ+lksl t+kfgj dUns p;ks& ^tsdn=fga xouZeVas [ks iqjk.kh dykmu tks vfLrRo cpk, j[k.k tks fQ+Øq vkgs r Hkx=r [ks Nks uFkk cpkbZ u \ fla è kh lekt fc Hkx= r th fpUrk Nns = fn= u ks vkgsA bgks c=h.kks nq[k tks fo"k; vkgsA** vtZu Hkx=r tk lkFkh gfj eLrkuk fc galeq[k ,sa [kq'kfetkt vkfguA vtZu Hkx=r th dyk;k«kk tk iDdk lkFkhA Hkx=r tks laj{k.k ljdkj djs ;k u djs vlka flaèkh t+:j djs l?kÅa Fkk ,sa bgk bZ vtZu Hkx=r tfgM+s lefiZr dykdkju [ks lPph J)katfy FkhanhA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 25

jf'e jek.kh fgUnh Hkk"kk esa fy[k.kq 'kq: djs] flaèkh fl[kh] iksb flaèkhv esa fy[k.kq 'kq: dj.k okjh jf'e jek.kh fgd lqBh vuqoknd fc vkgsA jf'ev tk flaèkhv esa Vs ,sa fgUnhv esa c= dfork laxzg 'kk;k Fkh pqdk vkfguA vuqokn esa jf'ev th [kkl fnypLih vkgsA jf'ev oèk esa oèk Ñ".k [kVok.khv twa dgkf.k;wa fgUnh i<+anM+u rkb± igqpk, flaèkh lfkgR; tks ukyks d<k;ks vkgsA jf'e 2005 esa flaèkq o¥.k okjs Hkkjrh; ys[kdu ts izfrfufèk eaMy esa 'kkfey Fkh ,sa 'kkg lpy lkeh rs vkèkkfjr lsehukj esa cgjks orksZA v'kksd % flaèk igqph dhva eglwl fFk;ks \ mrka ts ek.gqu tks fjvD'ku dhva gks \ jf'e % djkph ,jksMªe rs tksjnkj Lokxr fFk;ksA ifgats ekrk&firk tks tue LFkku ,sa izn's k fn=lh yx=k& s flaèkq [kka lqBks lalkj esa dks fc LFkku dksUgsA flaèk ts flafèk;qu vlka tks lqBks Lokxr ,sa lEeku d;ksA lqfg.kk flaèkh 26

v'kksd % ikfdLrku ts gkyrqu ckcr Nk jk;ks vFko \ jf'e % mrka th turk tEgwfj;r ¼MseksØslh½ ts bart+kj esa vkgsA tYnq&tYnq ljdkj eVt.k lka ,sa ljdkj esa feysVªhv ts jksy lka ek.gqu esa xqLlks oèkUnks Fkks o¥sA ,Dlizs'ku th vktknh fc dksUgsA v'kksd % flaèk xzstq,Vl ,lksfl,'ku tfgM+h laLFkkmu tks dfgM+ks jksy vkgs \ jf'e % lkfgR;] laLÑfr ,sa lekt'ksok tk dk;Z dj.k okjh ghv ,lks f l,'ku 1972 es a cikZ FkhA x+ j hc 'kkfxnZ u [ks i<+k,&fy[kk, ft+na xhv tks jLrks ns[= kkj.k okjh flaèk xzt s q,Vl ,lksfl,'ku djkphv esa 'kkg] lpy ,sa lkeh th 'kkbjhv rs lsehukj vk;ksftr d;ksA v'kksd % lsehukju ts t+fj, fc=Ugha eqYdu ts fop esa fjys'kUl lqBk Fkh l?kank \ jf'e % fgUnqLrku&ikfdLrku ik.k esa nksLrh pkghu FkkA fgd fc=, lka xn=tkf.k;wa nksLrh oèkkb.k esa ennxkj vkfguA Msyhxs'kUl tk Vwj ,sa lsehukj ys[kdu [ks okfD+Q; + r djk, VsU'ku [ks ?kfV dj.k tks mís'; iwjks Fkk duA 'kkg] lpy ,sa lkehv [ks flaèkh lkfgR; th fVewfrZv ts :i esa lt=s lalkj esa lq¥krks osna ks vkgsA lsehukj esa fVªUgha egku dfo;qu ts jpuk deZ rs ipkZ is ' k fFk;k ,s a x= k fYg c= k s y FkhA v'kksd % flaèk esa fdFks&fdFks ?kqe;o \ jf'e % vVdy lHkq on=k 'kgj fn=BkA djkph] ykM+dk.kks] gSnjkckn] nknw] f'kdkjiqj] l[[kj] eqvu&tks&nM+ks] jksfgM+hv th njc=kj] lkèkc=y s ks] 'kgnkndksV fn=lh fny [+kq'k FkhA lfHkuh gaf/k fgUnqLrku ts ys[kdu [ks ekuq fefy;ksA v'kksd % eqvu&tks&nM+ks vtq= dfgM+h gkyr esa vkgs \ jf'e % flaèkq ?kkVh lH;rk th ghv iqjk.kh fu'kkuh ljdkj ikjka FkhUnM+ laHkky [kka oafpr dksUgsA vkfdZ;ksykWth fMikVZeUs V tk ek.gw esUVsuUs l odZ dank vkfguA ckl.k] flDdk ,sa

iq j kf.k;w a fl:a fn= l h yx= k s mu oDr ba l ku ds f rjks vuq'kkflr] egurh ,sa dykizseh gksA <fd;y ukfy;wa ,sa on=k Lukukxkj gt+kjsa lky ifgjha jganM+ ek.gqu ts lQ+kbZ ilan fFk;.k tks lcwr Fkk fn=;fuA v'kksd % flaèk ;k«kk esa rOgkath O;fDrxr miyfCèk dfgM+h jgh \ jf'e % eqfa gats fdrkc ^eka fgd flafèk.k* tks foekspu gSnjkckn esa fFk;ksA ewa[ks flaèkq eka eksVh djs yx=ks fojgk³ks r t+ehu tks fFk;ks gks] tT+ckru tks uA eka fgUnqLrku esa tueq orkZs vkgs ij yx=Unks vk] flaèk lka iks,& a tue tks dks okLrks vkgsA dks vèkwjks ,glkl gks tsdks iwjks dj.k flaèkq o;flA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 27

lqfg.kk flaèkh 28

jf'e jek.kh 83] loksZn; uxj] bUnkSj Qksu % 0731&2477363

ik: pkoyk yksd laxhr tks iafgatks vyx= vlj ,sa rklhj FkhUnh vkgsA laxhr th lkèkuk dj.k okjk Dyklhdy] ¼Qksd ,sa osLVuZ LVkby esa x=k, iafgath tx=g BkghUnk vkfguA flaèkq NqVh r flafèk;qu [ks yx=ks vlkatks yksd laxhr [+kRe Fkh osUnks ij b,a fFk;.k eqefdu dksu gks] Nkdk.k r vlkats lekt tk lefiZr laxhr lsoh iafgath yx=u lka iafgats fe'ku esa yx=y jfg;kA ik: pkoyk mUgu 'k[+lR;qu eka fgd vkgsA ik: pkoyk ts lqj esa ohg lky ifgjha ^dkaxk vks dkaxk----* c=qèkks r bZ,a yx=ks t=.kq flaèkq esa osBk vkfg;wAa Hkksiky esa fgd lsehukj esa vk;y ik: pkoyk ys[kdu] dykdkju [ks fgd [kka iksb fgd n=g&c=kjgka xhr cqè= kk;kA lt=s eqYd esa ik: pkoyk izkx s zke is'k d;k vkfgu] ik.k x=kb.k lka xn=kx s nq= uou dykdkju [ks fgeFkkb.k esa rOgka ?k.kks tru d;ks vkgsA lhrk flaèkq Hkou] eqca bZ esa iafgats thou lkFkh Bkdqj pkoyk lka xn=q rOgka gt+kju dykdkju [ks LVst rs vp.k th fgEer fn=uh vkgsA bUgu lqfg.kk flaèkh 29

dykdkju eka ?k.ksbZ fc=;u eqYdu esa o¥h iafgath dyk tks tksgj n=s[kkjs pqdk vkfguA flaèkh yksd ojls [ks ft+ang j[k.k okjh ik: pkoyk [ks us'kuy dkmafly QkWj izeks'ku vkWQ flaèkh ySaXost ohgfu gtkjfu tks bukeq fi.k fn=uks vkgsA ik: pkoyk [ks ^fla è kh c= k s y hv jks b Z fn= u ks * fdrkc rs buke fn= u ks o;ks A ik: pkoyk ifgjha egkjk"Vª fla è kh vdknehv ikjka ^lrj ef.kdk* iq j Ldkj ,s a ds a n z h ; fga n h funsZ'kky; ikjka ^vkma vdsyh* iqjLdkj fi.k gkfly d;ks vkgsA ik: pkoyk tk Ng fdrkc 'kk;k fFk;k vkfguA bUgu esa dyke xhr] dforkÅa 'kkfey vkfguA Vªs fdrkc flaèkhv esa vuqokn d;k vFkuA djkphv th èkjrhv rs t=koy ik: pkoyk th mfej 74 lky vkgs ij vt=q fc ukStokufu okaxqj tks'k ,sa meax lka flafèk;r ts okèkkjs ykb yx=y vkgsA ub± Vghv [ks flaèkh laLÑfrv th t=k.k n=bZ ik: pkoyk fgdq on=ks ,sa ifo«k dk;Z djs jgh vkgsA vVdy 250 flfUèk;r tk izksxzke ik: pkoyk ,sa lanfl thou lkFkh Bkdq j pkoyk xn= t h is ' k d;k vkfguA fla è kh Hkx= r th xq e Fkha n .k lq ¥ k.ki ,s a 'kku [ks okil eksVkb.k esa pkoyk naifÙk vge jksy vnk d;ks vkgsA lhrk flaèkq Hkou esa gj g¶+rs ,sa gj eghus xhr laxhr twa efgfQywqa yx=fUn;wa vkfguA fgUnqLrku ts gj vfgM+s 'kgj eka d a ykdkj lhrk flaèkq Hkou vph izksxzke n=bZ pqdk vkfgu ftrs flaèkh jgu FkkA eryc r flaèkh xhr laxhr th fnypLih j[k.k okjks eqYd tks ua<ks on=ks dykdkj ik: pkoyk lka okd+qQ+ vkgsA lrh'k jksgM+k tafga oksdy dYpj ts t+fj, flaèkh laLÑfrv [ks cpkb.k ykb ck;ikl ltZjh th lykg n=hank vkfgu] mgk ltZjh ik: pkoyk djs jgh vkgsA ik: pkoyk 13 ch@3 tsBh cgu dkWyksuh] eksjh jksM] eghe] eqca bZ&16 Qksu % 022&24458588 lqfg.kk flaèkh 30

xkso/kZu ,sa fnyhi mnklh ¼ckyd eaMyh½ eè;izn's k ts dVuhv th c=kyd eaMyhv tks ukyks lt=s ns'k esa e'kgwj vkgsA iafgats fujkys vankt+ esa izkx s zke is'k djs fc=Ugha Hkkmju Jksrkmfu twa fnfy;wa thrs ofrZ;aw vkfgfuA c=kyd eaMyhv twa vkfM;ks dSlVs l Vh- lhjht] ohul] fVIl] ,fQYl] uVjkt ,sa lksuk daifu;qfu eka fjyht+ fFk;wa vkfguA c=kyd eaMyhv tks ,frjks oèkhd ukyks vkgs tks vt=q fgu ukys lka Vs&pkj fc=;aw fc eaMfy;wa izkx s zke fn=;.k yfx=;aw vkfguA c=kyd eaMyhv ts lfHkuh [kka oèkhd pfpZr dykdkj xksoèkZu losa izkx s zke n=bZ iafgath vyx= igpku Bkgh vkgsA pkyhgsa lkys ts xksoèkZu flaèk esa fi.k iafgatks izkx s zke is'k d;ks vkgsA iafgath c=ha ih<+hv [ks fc xksoèkZu lkgc laxhr ,sa xk;u th Vsªfuax n=bZ jfg;k vkfguA xksoZèku ts iqV ftrsna z th mfej 14 lky vkgs ,sa fnyhi ts iqV fufru th mfej 15 lkyA fc=Ugh [ks dVuhv ts laxhr xq : fgQ+ t q y dchj [kka Dykfldy E;w f t+ d th fl[;k lqfg.kk flaèkh 31

feyh jgh vkgsA fgd fojklr [ks b±nM+ ih<+hv rkb± igqpkb.kq [+kkl tT+c+s tks izrhd e×¥h lf?kts FkksA xksoèkZu ,sa fnyhi tk firk ukjk;.knkl dafga oD+r bankSj esa lfoZl dank gqvkA ekrk Jherh nsoh c=kbZ fc=Ugha iqVu [ks xhr la x hr ts jLrs rs oèkkb.k ykb iz s j .kk fn= u hA vtq= [kka 23 lky ifgjha ghm ifjokj 1979 esa bankSj [kka dVuhv igqrksA ebZ 1980 esa fgu c=kyd eaMyhv ifgfj;ksa iz k s x z k e 'kka f r uxj] dVuhv es a is ' k d;ks A ifgjha c= b Z xn= t h xks y ckt+ k j njc= k j es a xhr] Hkt= u x= k b± n k gq v kA LVst rs iafgath izfrHkk lka c=kyd eaMyhv tk dykdkj fgdq vfgM+ks ut+kjks is'k dank vkfgu tks cqè= k.k okjks lqèkcqè= k fo×¥k, izkx s zkes esa u :x=ks 'kkfey Fkh osUnk vkfgu ij izkx s zke tks fgd fgLlks cf.kth osna k vkfguA c=qèk.k okju th fny thrs gh dykdkj ifgath dkesUVªh ,sa xhru lka fo'ks"k izHkko iSnk djs Nn=hUnk vkfguA c=kyd eaMyhv th fgd [+kkfl;r ekMuZ E;wftdy bfDoiesUVl tks bLrseky ,sa iafgatks vyx= ekbØksQk+ us ,sa lkÅ.M flLVe vkgsA vlkats eqYd esa ?k.ksbZ izkx s zke ,sa lqBs esa lqBk dykdkj ekbZd th vO;oLFkk ts djs Qsy Fkh osUnk vkfguA c=kyd eaMyhv fgu dksMs+ lp [ks le>h iafgatks vyx= ekbd flLVe orksZ ,sa fc=;u 'kgju esa fc mu tks bZ bLrseky dank vkfguA c=kyd eaMyhv lkmFk vÝhdk ,sa flaèk esa fc iafgatks izkx s zke is'k d;ks vkgsA bgk x=kfYg c=qèkkb±ns xksoèkZu ,sa fnyhi th vf[k;qfu esa yqfM+d vph fefM+;kA flaèkq] tsdk vlka ofV ghavj dksUgs ij vlkath fny mrsbZ vkgsA dn=fga u dn=fga flaèkq vlka [ks feyUnh] ftrs vlkatk on=k iSnk fFk;k] jkafn;wa d;kÅaA xksoèkZu ,sa fnyhi mnklh ubZ cLrh] dVuh ¼e- iz-½ eks- 9425465813] 9893150423 lqfg.kk flaèkh 32

vfuyk lqUnj flaèkh lekt esa u`R; ,sa laxhr tk 'kkSd a hu r ?k.kka gwUnk ij tn=fga lekt tks dksbZ Nksdjks&Nksdjh u`R; ,sa laxhr dyk [ks iafgatks thou lefiZr danks vkgs r lanfl ifjokj lka xn=q lekt twa fc x=kfYg;wa c=qèkf.k;wa iofUn;wa vkfgfuA bu lcc vlkath lekt esa Fkksjk bZ dykdkj vfgM+k vkfgfu ftu bu foijhr gkyrqfu esa vx=rs oèkh iafgath dyk th èkkd nqfu;ka esa t=ekbZ vkgsA vfgM+u bZ dykdkju esa fgd vkgs vfuyk lqUnjA vfuyk iafgatks u`R; cSys *flaèkq eqfgath veka* is'k dj.k Hkksiky vkbZ r fgd eqykdkr esa dyk ,sa flaèkh laLÑfrv ckcr ?kf.k;wa x=kfYg;wa fFk;waA vfuyk lqUnj iafgatsa feBM+s vankt+ esa lokyu tk tokc fn=ukA tn=fga vfuyk uaf<M+h gqbZ r lanfl ekm&ihm iafgats nok[+kkus esa vfuyk [ks xn=q oBh osank gqvkA vfuyk c=qèkk;ks r ua<i.k esa nok[+kkus ,sa ejht+u ts vkls&ikls ?kaqenM+ ft+Unxhv esa ,sa fgd lQy vkfFkZd ft+Unxhv esa ekm&ihm [ks ,frjh okandkbZ bZ dku gqbZ tks ewa ykb u`R; dyk tks lqfg.kk flaèkh 33

ekgkSy iSnk djs l?kfuA gw r ik.k okaxq# iafgath fc=Ugha èkhv:fu [ks fc MkDVj Bkfg.kq fi;k pkfgu ,s a Nks u pkghank\ bTt+r ,sa iSlks] c=bZ x=kfYg;wa MkDVjh izksQ+s'ku esa feyfu fFk;waA ij uaf<M+h vfuyk ts isjfu eas r t=.kq ij yx=y gqvkA batsD'ku ,sa nokmfu ts ekgkSy esa fc mu thva iafgats liufu tks 'kgt+knks x=ksYgs df<;ks gqts ,sa liufu ts taxy esa fi.k Msy thva ukpq ibZ ups ,sa uph&uph djs [+kq'k ibZ fFk,A dn=fga bgks 'kkSad fQjh i<+kbZ fy[kkbZ ,sa dsfj;j [kka eFks mHkjh djs ft+na xhv tks fgdq iwjks vkbZus ft;ka ped.k yx=k]s [k+cj ukgsA vfuyk [ks fi.k dqN ;kn vFkfl r cl ,frjks r tn=fga [kka gks'kq laHkkfy;ks vk] iafgats isjfu [ks ,sa iafgats ru eu [ks u`R; ykb fFkjdans bZ ikrksA vt=q vfuyk fgd tq v kfu èkhm th ekm vkgs A ij vt= q fc mutk isj ruq&euq ifgfj;ka okaxqj bZ up.k ykb vkrqj jgUnk vkfguA vtq= fc dn=fga fgu 'kgj r dn=fga gqu 'kgj r dn=fga fons'k iafgats u`R; tk izksxzke n=hanh jgs FkhA dRFkd ts vyx= & vyx= :iu es a ekfgj vfuyk ljxe] rks M + k ] fVdjh] ek[ku pks j ,s a ?kw a ? kV tk vyx= & vyx= rjhdk is ' k da n s u` R ; es a yhu Fkh os a n h vkgs A rn= f ga yx= U nks vkgs t= . kq dyk ,s a dykdkj feyh djs fgdq Fkh o;k gqtuA vfuyk ts u`R; esa rkyesy ,sa xfr fn= l h djs yx= U nks vkgs t= . kq vfuyk ia f ga t s u` r d is j u lka xn=q bZ tueq orksZ vkgsA ^flaèkq èkkjk* vfuyk tks uvksa csys vkgsA ^falaèkq èkkjk* tk ys[kd eksgu xsgk.kh vkfguA v'kksd % vOgka th u`R; ;k«kk dhva ,sa dn=fga 'kq: Fkh \ vfuyk % tn=fga eka Ldwy esa i<+na h gq;l mu oD+r 'kkSfd;k :i esa eka u`R; dj.kq flf[k;lA eaqfgatk ekm&ihm c=bZ MkDVj vkfgfuA thva c=kjfu [ks cpiu esa dq>q dj.k tks 'kkSd a gwUnks vkgs] mu rjg ew[a ks Mkal dj.k tks 'kkSad gq;ksA v'kksd % ifgafj;ks Mkal izksxzke vOgka fdFks is'k d;ks \ vfuyk % ew a ifgfj;ks a Mk¡ l iz k s x z k e 1973 es a gks y kc= k bZ eseksfj;y baLVhV~;wV ckEcs esa dRFkd tks iwjks fc=u Dykdu tks is'k d;ksA lqfg.kk flaèkh 34

v'kksd % vOgka dRFkd th fl[;k dafga[kka orhZ \ vfuyk % cukjl ?kjkus ts gt+kjhyky [kka] tsds Hkkjrh; fo|k Hkou esa gq;kA v'kksd % vOgkath u`R;dyk rs ekm&ihm fojksèk u d;ks \ vfuyk % u&uA mUgu tks ea w [ ks iw j ks lgdkj fefy;ks A mUgu ts lgdkj lcc bZ eka vt= q fgu tx= g rs vkfg;ka A mUgu ts lg;ks x ts fcuk r ghm dk;Z laHko bZ dksu gksA ew[a ks E;wft+d ,sa Mk¡l tks ?k.kksa 'kkSd a gksA Mk¡l [kka fc oèkhd E;wft+d tksA v'kksd % *flaèkh u`R; ukfVdk* tafga[ks vOgka iafgath egur lka vx= r s oèkk;ks ] bgk vx= r s tkjh dhva jgUnh \ vfuyk % bu ts tkjh jg.k ykb t+:jh vkgs lekt tk c=kj vx=rs vpuA bu ykb ewa Hkksiky ,sa xkaèkhèkke esa odZ'kki fc d;kA ij bgks lHkq fu;fer jgs rn=fga uoka dykdkj vx= r s vph l?ku FkkA fc= ; ks lekt ikjka vlka [ks ,rjks izkRs lkgu ,sa lgdkj dksu Fkks feys tafga lcc ds# pkghanks Dykfldy Mkalj Bg.kq \ bu djs vtq= gj dksbZ pkgs Fkks eka MkDVj Bgka] baftfu;j BgkaA bu dyk esa fjVuZ ?kV vkgs ij iafgath vkRelarqf"V vkgs A ts l rkb± dks b Z fc dykdkj ia f ga t ks dk;Z O;olkf;d :i lka uFkks djs r iafgath dyk esa fl)h fc izkIr uFkks djs l?ksA v'kksd % vOgka th u`R; ukfVdk tk fgd bZ 'kgj esa fgd [kka oèkhd 'kks ifgfj;ka fdFks fFk;k vkfgu \ vfuyk % Hkks i ky ifgfj;ks a 'kgj vkgs ] ftrs fgd u` R ; ukfVdk tk c= 'kks yx= k rkj fFk;k vkfgfu A v'kksd % flaèkhv esa vOgka ?kf.k;wa u`R; ukfVdkÅa R;kj d;wa vkfgfu \ vfuyk % Ng ukfVdkÅa &1- fld lt=.k th 2- Fkhm u ewa[kka tkuh tqnk 3- flaèkq odhZv th dgk.kh 4- flaèkw % eksgu ts nM+s th lH;rk 5- flaèkq eqfgath veka 6flaèkq èkkjkA ewa oV v¥k fc=;k fc Fkhe vkfgu ij ,n= k s Ldks i ut+ j dks u Fkks vps A ljdkj ikjka fc flaèkh dykdkju [ks lg;ksx uFkks feysA v'kksd % ljdkj [kka oèkhd [+kpqZ r flafèk;qfu twa vusd

laLFkkÅa ,sa VªLV djs jfg;k vkfgfu \ vfuyk % gk] djs jfg;k vkfgfu ij mUgu oV o¥.kq mUgu [ks le>kb.kq loyks deq dksUgsA flafèk;qfu esa vgM+h dk la L Fkk dks U gs ts d k ik.k vx= r s oèkh dykdkju [ks fgeFkk,] izksRlkfgr djsA v'kksd % u`R; ukfVdk is'k dj.k esa vOgka [ks lfHkuh [kka oèkhd larq"Vh fdFks feyh vkgs \ vfuyk % ?k.kfu bZ 'kgju esa lqBk n'kZd fefy;k vkfgfuA ij Hkksiky lfHkuh [kka lqBks vkgsA Hkksiky esa eaw[ks ?k.kks I;kj] bT+t+r ,sa izpkj fefy;ks vkA Hkksiky esa dk;ZØe fFk;.k [kka iksb fc=;u ?k.ku gU/kka dk;ZØe dj.k tk vkQj fefy;kA v'kksd % vOgkatks ed+ln flafèk;r tks QSyko vkgsA bu n=l esa vOgka dgfM+;wa eq'kdykrwa eglwl djs jfg;k vkfg;ks \ vfuyk % flaèkh dykdkju th deh vkgs] [kkl djs Mk¡l ,sa E;qft+d esa r reke ?kV dykdkj vkfgfuA tafga lcc yksdy dykdju lka deq gykb.kks ios FkksA flaèkq eaqfgath veka esa flQZ pkj flaèkh dykdkj vkfgfuA v'kksd % rOgkath /khm csch jpuk vOgka lka xn=q deq djs jgh vkgsA Nk vOgka th ijEijk [ks vx=rs oèkkb±nh \ vfuyk % mu [ks izkQ s 's kuy <ax lka izkx s zke dj.k tks baVªLs V dksUgsaA 'kkSad ts rkSj djs jgh vkgsA tslrkabZ dksbZ izkQ s 's kuy rkSj uFkks djs rslrkb± lQyrk fey.kq laHko dks U gs a A v'kksd % fgu rjhds tk izkx s zke fl[k.k dksbZ bZUnks vFko \ vfuyk % Dykfldy fl[k.k r Nksdfj;wa b±fn;wa vkfgfu ij dRFkd uA v'kksd % vOgka *flaèkh u`R; cSys* tks fuekZ.k dhva d;ks \ vfuyk % ewa gh u`R; ukfVdkÅa ik.k bZ rS;kj d;waA 'kkg vCnqy yrhQ+ tks jlkyks if<+;ks] mu eka vkbfM;k lksph ,sa dykdkju lka lEidZ d;ksA v'kksd % Nk vOgka [ks dkbZ vfgM+h dykdkj ut+j vps Fkh tsdk vOgkatks LFkku gkfly djs l?kUnh \ vfuyk % fQygky r u---A

lqfg.kk flaèkh 35

lqfg.kk flaèkh 36

v'kks d % rOgka [ ks dn= f ga yx= k s u r ifga t s ekm&ihm oakxq: MkDVj gqtk gka r----\ vfuyk % u dn=fga fc u] bgk r Hkx=oku th bPNk gqbZ ur tafga ?kj esa eka iSnk fFk;l mrs u`R; tks r ekgkSy bZ fdFks gq;ks\ rn=fga fc bu dyk ts izfr eqafgatks ,n=ks vkd"kZ.k] ,n=ks f[kapko Nks iSnk fFk;ks \ fc=;ks eka MkDVjh d;ka gka r iSlks r feys gka ij bu [kka flok fc=;ks Nk feys gka \ eka ifgath ekm [ks fn=Bks vk mu[ks x=kb.k tks 'kkSadq gqvks ij MkDVjh is'ks ts djs lHkq NqVh o;qflA mUgfu ukyks ,sa iSlks dek;ks ij vksfrjh [+kq'kh ;k r`fIr mUgfu [ks u feyh tsfrjh ea[w ks feyh vkgs A v'kksd % cSys esa flaèkh ifjèkku tks bLrseky dsfrjs dnqj Fkhanks vkgs \ vfuyk % eq a f ga t h dks f 'k'k fla è kh c= k s y hv lka xn= q fla è kh os l &ox= k bLrs e ky dj.k th gw a n h vkgs A iq j k.kh flaèkh d<+kbZ ¼gqjeqpks½ fc eqafgats cSys th ukf;dk ,sa fc= ; u dykdkju ikjka bLrs e ky Fkh jgh vkgs ,s a flafUèk;qfu th ft+Unxhv eka csn[k+y fFk;y bgk dyk ftUng j[k.k th dksf'k'k ewa dbZ vkgsA v'kksd % vOgkats Hkfo"; th ;kstuk \ vfuyk % eq a f ga t h fgd bPNk vkgs r eka fgdq vkfM;ks foT+;qvy 'kks Bkfg;ka *fgLVªh vkWQ flUèkh dYpj*A eryc eksgu ts nM+s [kka [k.kh] lezkV n=kgj 'kkg th lwjeh] fn=.k&okj] Mk¡l] fQYe thva fojgk³s ts oD+r th fQ+Ye n=s[kkjh o¥s ;kfu flaèkq laLÑfrv th lHkq t=k.k mu esa gqtsA ij mu ykb ctV [kisA v'kksd % uou dykdkju ykb lans'k \ vfuyk % iafgath ikMqf+ u [ks lq¥k.kksA 'kkg vCnqy yrhQ+ [ks i<+ks mu esa lHkq dq>q vkgsA Hk.Mkj vkgsA vfuyk lqUnj 113] esgj ukt+] dQ ijsM] eqacbZ&400005 Qksu % 022&22184266 lqfg.kk flaèkh 37

jk.kh djuk jk.kh djuk dRFkd ,s a vks f Mlh th MkUlj vkgs A gSnjkckn ¼flaèk½ esa 2 ekpZ 1939 esa t=koy jk.kh 1954 esa fnYyh ;wfuoflZVhv eka ch- ,llh- ¼vkulZ½ d;ksA iwus eka u`R; fo'kkjn ,sa xaèkoZ egkeaMy dj.k [kka iksb t;iqj ,sa y[kuÅ laxhr ?kjkus lka tqM+hA [+kkl dydÙks esa jgUnM+ jk.khv fgUnqLrku lka xn=kx s n=q tkiku] ikfdLrku] jf'k;k] gkySM a ] ;wxksLyksfo;k] cekZ] fLot+jySM a ] Ýkal] :ekfu;k] vQ+xkfuLrku ,sa fc=;u eqYdu esa iafgath dyk tks tkSgj n=[s kkjs flafèk;qfu tks 'kkuq oèkk;ks vkgsA mM+hlk ts fgd izfrf"Br dykizes h 'k[l ,u- ds- uk;d [ks ifgatks thou lkFkh c.kkb.k okjh jk.khv ef.kiqjh Mkal ,sa Hkjr ukV~;e esa fi.k egkjr gkfly dbZA 1955 esa 'kadlZ Mkal dkEihfV'ku esa izl s hMsUV xksYM esMy] 1964 esa ykvksl esa vkMZj vkWQ n Dohu] 1977 esa Hkkjrh; dyk dsna z] fnYyh ikjka laxhr okfjfèk ts lEeku lka lEekfur jk.kh iafgath ft+na xhv esa :de.kh lqfg.kk flaèkh 38

nsoh] ckck ljLorh] mn; 'kadj] jke xksiky ,sa n;earh tks'kh tfgfM+;qfu 'kf[+l;rqfu lka izHkkfor jgh vkgsA fnYyh ;wfuoflZVh ts fQyklkQ+hv ts izksQ+slj ,l- ds- lDlsuk jk.khv ts Mkal ijQkesZUl [ks lqfg.kks c.kkb.k ykb E;wft+d R;kj d;ksA jk.kh izks- lDlsuk tk Fkksjk e¥hanh vkgsA e/ ;izns'k esa FkhanM+ QsLVhoy esa fc jk.kh djuk ijQkesZUl fn= u ks vkgs A dsyqpju egkik«kk tfgM+h fl)gLr u`R; xq:v [kka iafgath dyk [ks fu[kkfj.k esa jk.khv [ks u :x=ks enn feyh ij lt=h ftan+ xhv th èkkjk bZ efVth obZA jk.khv fgd flaèkh ifjokj esa tue oB.k [kka iksb ua<h mfej [kka u`R; ts ikls >qdko n=[s kkfj;ksA 'kq:v esa lekt tks joS;ks Dykfldy MkUl ts izfr vksfrjks mnkj dksu gksA fgu Q+hYM esa lq¥k.ki Bkfg.k ykb dykdkj [ks ?k.kks la?k"kZ dj.kks ioUnks vkgsA jk.khv [ks fc reke oèkhd ijs'kkfu;wa fn=flf.k;wa i;waA lkgqjs ifjokj th gkSlyk vQ+t+kbZv lcc jk.khv [ks iafgats eqdke rkb± igqp.k esa dke;kch feyh obZA iafgats ifrv ,sa c=kju tks fgd x`fg.khv ts :i esa è;ku j[k.kq [kka iksb jk.kh jkst+ u`R; tks vH;klq danh jghA eqYd ts tqnk&tqnk 'kgju esa izksxzke ykb o¥.kq lpipq Mq=f[k;ks deq vkgsA fc=;u eqYdu esa o×¥.k rs fefy;y lkjkg jk.khv th fgEeFk oèkkbZA jk.khv [ks gj gfU/k okg&okgh ,s a ,okMZ lEeku fc fefy;kA jk.kh dj.kk fla è kh ys [ kd y[eh f[kyk.khv [ks vkn'kZ ys[kd e×¥hanh vkgsA jk.kh 1985 esa iafgath Mkal ,dsMeh cjik dbZ vkgsA vt=q bgk laLFkk lqBks ukyks dek, jgh vkgsA jk.kh djuk lkaLÑfrdh Js;Ldj] 312] tksèkiqj ikdZ] dksydrk&700068 Qksu % 033&24149641] 24733851

lqfg.kk flaèkh 39

?ku';ke oklok.kh ?ku';ke oklok.kh lt=s eqYd eas vadq'k fQYe ts izkFkZuk xhr ^bruh 'kfDr gesa nsuk nkrk-----* ,sa ^;s rks lp gS fd Hkxoku gS----¼fQYe&ge lkFk lkFk gS½a ts eq[; xk;d ts :i esa iafgats [kkl vkokt+ lka è;ku fNfd;ks vkgsA tafga nkSj esa Vh- oh-v rs ,rjk pSuy dksu gqvk rn=fga nwjn'kZu bZ euksjt a u ,sa Kku oèkkb.k tks fgfdM+kbs Z tfj;ks gksA bu nkSj esa cgqHkk"kh ,drk xhr *feys lqj esjk rqEgkjk rks lqj cus gekjk* n=hga a jkr c=qèk.k ykb feyUnks gksA fØdsVj ujsUnz fgjok.kh [ks LØhu rs fn=lh fny [kq'k Fkh osUnh gqbZA LØhu ts iqfB;ka vkokt+ ?ku';ke oklok.khv tks gwna ks gks--- eqfgatks lqj rqfgats lka I;kjk feys tn=fga] xhrq vlka tks eèkqj rjk.kks c.ks rn=fga-----A ?ku';ke oklok.khv Vhoh lhfj;y jkek;.k] dgka x, oks yksx] lrdZ] xq¶rxw] euksjt a u] ldZl esa fc x=k;ksA vt=q ?ku';ke oklok.khv [ks dfga lq¥k.ki th t+:jr dksUgsA flaèkh x+ty + lezkV eqYd esa dks vkgs r ?ku';ke bZ vkgsA ?ku';ke ?k.ku lqfg.kk flaèkh 40

eqYdu esa izksxzke is'k d;k vkfguA Hkksiky esa vky bafM;k jsfM;ks] Hkkjr gSoh bysfDVªdYl fy-] ^flU/kq*] vf[ky Hkkjrh; fla è kh c= k s y h lkfgr lHkk ,s a fc= ; u la L Fkkmu ts ln= rs vph izksxzke fn=;.k okjs ?ku';ke oklok.khv lka eqafgaft;wa ?k.ks b Z eq y kdkrw a fFk;w a vkfguA ?ku';ke oklok.khv lka x= k Ygk, bZ , a eglw l Fkha n ks vk t= . kq fla è kh xkf;dhv ts fgd uk;kc 'k[+l lka u :x=ks :c: Fkh jfg;k vkfg;wa ij dks xhr&x+ t + y cq = è kh jfg;k vkfg;w a A v'kksd % x=kb.k tks tquuw dhva iSnk fFk;ks \ ?ku';ke % ua<i.k [kka bZ 'kkSd a gksA flusek tk xhr cqè= kk gq;k iksb x+ty + u ts ikls :>ku fFk;ksA txthr flag ,sa fp«kk flag ew[a ks fgeFkk;ks ,sa eka x+ty + xk;dh esa vph o;qlA v'kksd % laxhr th fl[;k dafga xq:v [kka orhZ \ ?ku';ke % vt; iksgkudj] MkW- lq'khyk iksgkudj] vkQ+rkc [k+ku ,sa iafMr jktkjke 'kqDyk eqafgatk xq: vkfguA v'kksd % dafga fd+Le tk xhr x=kb.k lka lqdwu feyUnks vkgs \ ?ku';ke % xhrq lq B ks gq t s ] rt+ Z lq B h gq t s A c= k s y lq B k gq t u] mgks x= k b.kq o.kUnks vkgs ,s a lq d w u feyUnks vkgs A v'kksd % Nk xk;u th nqfu;k esa rOgka larq"V vkfg;ks \ ?ku';ke % tsdks dykdkj larq"V FkhUnks r le>ks mgks dykdkj ejh o;ksA ew[a ks laxhr izfs e;qu lka fey.k okjh lkjkg lka lUrqf"V feyanh vkgsA v'kksd % x=kb.k ts vykok vOgkatk fc=;k dfgM+k 'kkSd a vkfgu\ ?ku';ke % 'ksjks 'kk;jhv tks 'kkSd a q vkgsA jkfUn;qu esa gkWdh [ksn.= kq ilan danks vkfg;kaA v'kksd % flaèkh xhr laxhr ts lqBs vkb±ns ykb Nk t:jh e¥hank vkfg;ks \ ?ku';ke % eqfgats [;ky lka dk fc Hkk"kk tsl rkb± ftang vkgs] laxhr fc ftang jgUnksA flaèkh xhr&laxhr lka tqfM+;y

dykdkju [ks fgeFkkb.kq t+:jh vkgsA x+Sj O;olkf;d Lrj rs fc dksf'k'k fFk;.kq [kisA v'kksd % fgu [ks«k esa flaèkh xhr] laxhr ckcr fc=;u Hkkmju tks dfgM+s ut+fj;ks eglwl dank vkfg;ks \ ?ku';ke % lqBks xhr dafga fc c=ky s hv es]a t+cku esa gqt]s gj dks c=qèk.k pkghUnks vkgsA eqafgatk ukWu&flaèkh nksLr fc flaèkh xhr ,sa dyke c=qèk.kq ilan dank vkfguA v'kksd % Nk rOgka [ks fc yx=Unks vkgs r flaèkh xhr&laxhr iqfB;ka jfgth fo;ks vkgs \ ?ku';ke % xhr laxhr ts nkSj esa gj c=ky s hv esa cnyko vk;k vkfguA flaèkh jhfeDl xhr fc R;kj Fkh jfg;k vkfguA ij xt+y c=qèk.k okjk vt=q fc on=h rknkn esa vkfguA v'kksd % x+ty + [kka iksb dfgM+h xk;u 'kSyh yksdfiz; Fkhanh\ ?ku';ke % x+ty + r x+ty + jgUnksA lqBh jpuk [ks tafga fc x=kb.k ts vankt+ esa x=kbcks] ilan d;ks osUnksA v'kksd % dfgM+s xk;d dykdkj [ks iafgatks vkn'kZ e×¥hUnk vkfg;ks \ ?ku';ke % txthr flag] eqafgatks vkn'kZ vkgsA ik.k eqafgats ykb fgd dS l s V fjyht+ djk;kÅa A ^txthr fla g izt s Us V~l ?ku';ke oklok.kh* ,p,eoh ikjka ghv dSlVs fjyht+ FkhA v'kksd % rOgkath ub± flaèkh xhr laxhr th is'kd'k ckcr cqè= kk;ks \ ?ku';ke % vQ+lkuk b'd+ tk] lpy ljeLr] fld lt=.k tk] nwYg'kkg tk nksgk ,sa >wyy s ky--- >wyy s ky--- ^èkquh* ilan d;wa o;wa vkfguA v'kksd % fganhv th dfgM+h dSlVs c=qèkUnM+u tks è;ku fNfd;ks vkgs \ ?ku';ke % ^QkjxsV eh ukWV* eaqfgath ilanhnk dSlVs vkgs ,sa cqè= kUnM+u [ks o.kh vkgsA [+kq'kcw] x+ty + dh egfQ+y] ijokt+] lksyQqy fc ilan d;wa o;wa vkfguA v'kksd % Nk èkkfeZd xk;u vtq= e'kgwj fFk;.k tks 'kkVZdV rjhd+ks

lqfg.kk flaèkh 41

lqfg.kk flaèkh 42

dks U gs \ rOgka fc r èkkfeZ d Hkt= u x= k ;k vkfgu\ ?ku';ke % gk ewa lkb± pj.ku esa ,sa ^Ñ".k dUgS;k* esa Hkt=u x= k ;k vkfguA ea q f ga t s [+ ; ky lka èkehZ xhr e'kw g j fFk;.k tks 'kkVZdV u Fkh djs xhr&laxhr izsfe;qu th Hkkouk lka tq f M+ ; y x= k fYg vkgs A ^veka tks iha?kks*] ^Hkyh djs vk;ks* fc flaèkh Jksrkmu ilan d;k vkfguA v'kksd % lkewfgd xk;u th ijEijk tks fc rOgka fuokZg d;ks vkgsA dfgM+ks vuqHko jfg;ks rOgkatks \ ?ku';ke % lpipq vkuan b±nks vkgs] xfn=th x=kb.k esAa èkM+du ,sa e;[+kkuk esa x+qyke vyh] :uk ySyk] fouksn lgxy] jktdqekj] fjt+oh ,sa ryr vt+ht+ lka xn=q x=kb.k tks csfelky vuqHko vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkhv ts dfgM+u x+t+y ys[kdu ,sa 'kk;ju lka izHkkfor vkfg;ks \ ?ku';ke % ukjk;.k ';ke] vtZ u gkfln] vtZ u 'kkn] oklqnos fueZy] lkoudqekj mnklhv twa jpukÅa if<+;aw vkfgu ,s a x= k ;w a fc vkfguA ^vQ+ l kuk b'd tk* dys D 'ku es a vfgM+ f u 'kk;ju tw a jpukÅa 'kkfey vkfguA v'kks d % rOgka t h thou la f xuh ,s a ifjokj ckcr dkbZ fVIi.kh\ ?ku';ke % ehuk{kh eaqfgath xhr&laxhr th ;k«kk th lPph gelQ+j vkgsA ik.k vkfVZLV flaxj vkgs] eaqfgats ykb bgk csgn [+kq'khv ,sa rlYyhv th x=kfYg vkgsA iqV xkSjo ,sa èkhm f'kYik fc E;wft+d tk 'kSnkbZ vkfguA ?ku';ke oklok.kh xqyeksgj] 2@53 :iuxj] ckanzk ¼iwoZ½ eqca bZ&400051 Qksu % 022&26442103 lqfg.kk flaèkh 43

MkW- deyk xksdyk.kh flUèkh lekt ts dk;Z Ø eu es a fla è kh vlka t h c= k s y h] feBM+h vlkath c=ksyh ,sa flaèkh c=ksyh vej jgs tk ukjk yx=k, vlka Hkys bZ dsfrjks fc iafgath ekr`Hkk"kk ts izfr izes n=s[kkfj;wa ij tn=fga flaèkh Hkk"kk th rkyhe gkfly dj.k tks oD+r b±nks vkgs r vlka iqfBrs Fkh osUnk vkfg;wAa Hkksiky esa fgd y[k [kka eFks flaèkh jgu FkkA flafèk;qfu ts gFk esa ?k.ksbZ Ldwy] dkyst vkfgu ij mrs flaèkh dksu Fkh i<+kbZ o¥s A on= k Hkk"kkfon~ ] f'k{kkfon~ ,s a lkfgR;dkj ts d s n= h a g a jkfr flaèkh Hkk"kk th t;&t;dkj dans u Fkfdck vkfgu] iafgats c=kju [ks flaèkh i<+kb.k esa vlqy fnypLih dksu oBUnk vkfguA 'kkcl vkgs] feBh xksfcUnjke ifCyd Ldwy th lapkyd laLFkk 'kghn gseaw dkyk.kh ,T;wd's ku lkslk;Vh ts ckuhdkju [ks ftu flaèkh ik<+.k th Bksl dksf'k'k dbZ vkgsA iwT; lar fgjnkjke lkgc ,sa fl)HkkÅv iafgath Vhe [ks lfØ; djs flaèkh Hkk"kk ts okèkkjs ykb ljdkj ,sa laLFkkmu lqfg.kk flaèkh 44

ts fnyklu [kka vfx=rs oèkh lar uxjhv esa flaèkh c=ksyhv ts okèkkjs ykb Bksl deq djs ns=[kkfj;ks vkgsA bgk x=kfYg c= h vkgs r ?k.ks b Z fla è kh c= k ju tk ekm&ihm ia f ga t s c= k ju [ks ekr` H kk"kk fla è khv th tx= g rs la L Ñr ik<+ s jfg;k vkfguA bgs c=kj laLÑr fl[kh iqjksfgr iafMr u cf.kth l?kankA bgk x=kfYg r Fkh Hkksiky th] gk.ks gyÅa jktLFkku th vtesj uxjhv esa ftrs egf"kZ n;kuan ljLorh fo'ofo|ky; esa flafèk;qfu lka xn=q x+Sj flaèkh fc flaèkhv esa ,e- ,- djs jfg;k vkfguA fo'ofo|ky; th flaèkh Hkk"kk th izksQ+slj deyk xksdyk.kh flaèkh ,sa fgUnhv th t=kry lq × ¥kry ys f [kdk vkgs A MkW - deyk xks d yk.kh vf[ky Hkkjr flaèkh c=ky s h ,sa lkfgR; lHkk] jktLFkku flaèkh vdkneh ,sa fc=;u vusd laLFkkmfu lka okcLrk vkgsA MkW- deyk xksdyk.khv lka flaèkhv esa mPp f'k{kk gklqyq djs flaèkh ukStoku dhva Q+k;nks gklqyq djs l?kUnk vkfgu bu fo"k; rs ppkZ dbZA tsdk ikBdu ykb is'k vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh fo"k; esa ,e- ,- dj.k tks bart+ke Nk :x= k s vtes j es a vkgs \ deyk % vlkats eqYd esa fc=u fo'ofo|ky;u esa flaèkhv esa ,e- ,dj.k tks bart+ke vkgs] bgs ejdt+ vkfgu jktLFkku esa vtesj ,sa egkjk"Vª esa eqca bZA ghavj vtesj lts= eqYd esa flaèkhv th i<+kbZv esa vyx= tx=g Bkgh vkgsA v'kksd % vyx= tx=g dafga ek;us esa \ deyk % vtesj esa uku flaèkh LVwMUs Vl fi.k flaèkh i<+h jfg;k vkfguA dqy 40 lhV~l eka 18 vuqlfw pr tkfr ,sa tutkfr rcds ts 'kkfxnZu ykb fjt+oZ vkfguA fjt+oZs'ku tks Q+k;nks oBh ukWu flaèkh 'kkfxnZ flaèkh 'kkSd a lka fl[kh] i<+h jfg;k vkfguA v'kksd % x+Sj flaèkh 'kkfxnZ flaèkh dfgM+s ed+ln lka Fkk fl[ku \ deyk % rOgka[ks t=k.k fn=;.kq pkghanl r flaèkh lCtsDV dans zh; la?k yksd lsok vk;ksx ts bfErgkuu esa fc 'kkfey d;ks

o;ks vkgsA flaèkh lCtsDV Ldksfjax vkgsA flaèkh fo"k; [k.kh dks fc izfr;ksxh oèkhd ekjdwa gkfly djs l?ks Fkks A v'kks d % bu tks eryc fla è kh] dS f j;j c.kkb.k es a fc ennxkj vkgs \ deyk % fcYdq y A ^fla è kh fo"k; [k.k.k lka bgks Q+ k ;nks fn= l h gk.ks fla è kh LVw M s U Vl tks fla è khv ts iz f r >qdko oèkh l?ks FkksA vlka uQ+s uqd+lku tks fglkc yx=kb.k esa ekfgj vkfg;waA ekr`Hkk"kk lka yx=ko ts djs u] ij iz f r;ks x h bfErgkuu es a flys D 'ku th ykyp esa bZ lgha] c=kj flaèkh i<+fu] bgks 'kqHk ladsr vkgs A v'kksd % flaèkh lCtsDV i<+h dafga 'kkfxnZ [ks flèkks Q+k;nks fefy;ks vkgs \ deyk % vgM+ k fgdq c= u] los a felky vkfguA MkW euksgj vxuk.kh flaèkh fo"k; [k.kh ;w-ih-,l-lh- esa pwfa M;k fo;kA ghavj eè;izn's k esa vk;- ,- ,l- vkQ+hlj cf.kth fgdq dke;kc mnkgj.k is'k d;ks vkgsA fc=;ks mnkgj.k T;ks f r ddok.kh tks vkgs A T;ks f r fla è kh lCtsDV th cnkSyr iafgats dkyst esa VkWi djs l?khA ghavj jktLFkku esa vkj-Vh-,y- yksdy pSuy Lokeh esa vukamlj Fkh obZ vkgsA vfgM+k fc=;k fc ?k.kk felky vkfguA v'kksd % flaèkh ,e- ,- esa ,Meh'ku dhva feyh l?kUnh vkgs\ deyk % izkl s l s ljy vkgsA uoEcj eghus esa gj lky foKkiu 'kk;k FkhUnks vkgsA ch-,- ,sa ,e- ,- ts fop esa v<kbZ lky xsi t+:jh jf[k;ks fo;ks vkgsA ,Meh'ku Q+h Vsªlo :i;k ,sa V~;'w ku Q+h pkj lo :i;k vkgs ch- ,- esa tsdn=fga flaèkh fo"k; dksUgs rn=fga fc ,e- ,- ¼flaèkh½ djs lf?kts FkhA jsX;wyj dkslZ dj.k rs ,Meh'ku ,sa V~;'w ku Q+h yx=Unh vkgsA izkbosV LVwMUs V [ks :x=ks bfErgku th Q+h yx=Unh

lqfg.kk flaèkh 45

lqfg.kk flaèkh 46

vkgsA ,e-,- ¼flaèkh½ dj.k ykb mgks 'kkfxnZ gh ik«k ef×¥;ks osanks vkgs tafga[ks ch- ,- esa ?kfV esa ?kfV lsdM as fMoht+u tk uacj fefy;k gqtuA ch- ,llh- ,sa ch- dke djs vp.k okjk 'kkfxnZ 55 ijlsVa [kka ?kfV ekjdwa gkfly dj.k rs vik«k ef¥;k osUnkA v'kks d % fla è khv es a ekLVj fMxz h oB.k th pkguk x+Sj&flafèk;qfu esa oèkh jgh vkgsA Nk bu x=kfYg [ks jksd.kq t+:jh dksUgs \ deyk % eqYd tks gj ek.gw laoSèkkfud gd Fkks j[ks r gw dafga fc Hkk"kk ,sa lkfgR; tks vè;;u djsA vlkath ;wfuoflZVh dafga fc 'k[l ts vfèkdkj rs cafn'k uFkh yx=k, l?ksA gk] bgks Fkh l?ks Fkks r izkFkfedrk flaèkh LVwMsUV [ks fn=uh o¥sA vkj{k.k u dtsA bgk eaqfgath tkrh jk; vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh c=kju esa flaèkh i<+.k tks tT+cks dhva iSnk dts\ izeks'ku ykb fc Nks u iSlk fojkgtu \ deyk % rOgka lgh Fkk pvksA vt=q dYg fcuk ykHk ts ek.gw dks fc d+neq uFkks [k.ksA vlka fc bgks rjhd+ks eatjw+ djs flaèkhv esa xzt s ,w 'ku ¼ch- ,-½ dj.k rs fgdq gtkj :i, ,sa iksLV xzt s ,w 'ku ¼,e- ,-½ dj.k rs n=<s q gtkj :i, th izksRlkgu jkf'k j[kh vkgsA jktLFkku fla è kh vdknehv ts lgdkj lka iz k s R lkgu ;ks t uk ykxw dbZ obZ vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh fo"k; [ks can dj.k twa gkyrwa dhva iSnk fFk;wa \ fc=;u c=kfs y;qu [ks ejd+th ljdkj ,sa lwcu taw ljdk:a oèkk, jfg;wa vkfgu] iksb flaèkh lka vfgM+ks ogaok: Nks \ deyk % tokcq lkQ+ vkgsA vlkats lekt esa lqBh yhMjf'ki dksUgsA vlka flaèkhv tk pkj ysDpjkj vtesj esa iwjh rkd+r lka flaèkhv th i<+kbZv [ks d+k;e j[k.k ykb yx=k fi;k vkfg;wAa vlka[ks ?k.ksbZ nQ+k flaèkh lCtsDV can dj.k twa èkefd;wa feyfUn;wa vkfguA ?kfV esa ?kfV n=g lhVw]a u Hkfj.k th gkyr esa flaèkh lCtsDV can dj.k tks dne

[k.kh lf?kts Fkks] bu djs vlka dksf'k'k djs flaèkh 'kkfxnZu [ks oèkhd oD+rq n=bZ fc ik<+hUnk vkfg;waA dn= f ga & dn= f ga vQ+ l ks l FkhUnks vkgs tn= f ga ,frjh dksf'k'kqfu [kka iksb fc fgdq fc LVwMUs V Q+LVZ fMoht+u u vk.ks l?kUnks vkgsA vlka iafgath esgur esa ?kfVrkbZ dks u vp.k n= h Unk vkfg;w a A v'kksd % flaèkh lCtsDV lfHkuh ijh{kkmu esa 'kkfey dhva Fkh l?ks Fkks \ deyk % gj lwcs ts yksd lsok vk;ksx ¼ifCyd lfoZl deh'ku½ esa flaèkh lCtsDV 'kkfey fFk;.k ?kqfjtsA ghavj usV esa fc flaèkh fo"k; dksUgsA flaèkh jkstx + kj th Hkk"kk c.ktUnh r iafgatks&ik.k vlkath ubZ ih<+h flaèkh x=kYgkb±nh] i<+ U nh ,s a fy[kUnhA fgu n= l es a fla è kh vdknfe;w a on= k s jks y fuHkk, l?ku fFk;w a A v'kksd % rOgkath ;wfuoflZVhv esa flaèkh lCtsDV rs fjlpZ Fkh vkgs \ deyk % gk] MkW- gklks nknyk.kh ,sa ijes'ojh ieuk.khv ih,pMh- dbZ vkgsA fjlpZ ,frjks loyks deq dksUgsA flaèkhv esa ih,p- Mh- dj.k ykb n=haga&jkfr fgdq dj.kks Fkks iosA ,frjks tT+cks ?kfV ek.gqu esa FkhUnks vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkhv esa iksLV xzt s ,w 'ku ;kus lt=s flaèkh lkfgR; th NaM Nk.k dj.k fc fjlpZ [kka ?kfV dksUgs \ deyk % bgk fc gd+hd+r vkgsA vlka iafgats 'kkfxnZu [ks oèk esa oèk fjQ+jUs l cqDl ,sa uksV~l fn=;.k th dksf'k'k dUnk vkfg;wAa iqjk.ks oDr esa thva dkyst tk 'kkfxnZ vB&n=g dykd i<+Unk gq;k] mgks t+ekuks r ghavj dksUgsA Q+dr+ fMxzh gkfly dj.k ykb tsfrjks i<+.kq t+:jh vkgs] c=kj vksfrjksbZ i<+u FkkA v'kksd % ,e-,- flaèkh esa dfgM+k isilZ 'kkfey d;k o;k vkfgu \ deyk % izhfo;l esa ifgfj;ksa isij vkgs&izkphu dfork ¼1843 [kka ifgjha th dfork½ bu isij esa 'kkg tks jlkyks] lkehv tk

lqfg.kk flaèkh 47

lqfg.kk flaèkh 48

lyksd] 'kkg yrhQ+ tks thou] 'kkg tks dkO;] lkehv tks thou n'kZu 'kkfey vkgsA lanHkZ ykb MkW- gksrpan ewypan xqjc[+'kk.kh] dY;k.k vkn=ok.kh] MkW- eksrhyky tksrok.kh] ijlks fxnok.kh] MkW- ,e- ds- tSryh] ys[kjkt vt+ht+] izks- iksiVh ghjkuank.khv tk fdrkc vkfguA fc= ; ks a is i j fla è kh x| ,s a ukVd tks vkgs A bu es a iksiVhv tks ukfoy lSykcq ft+na xhv tks] xksfcUn ekYghv tks ukVd ^xq L rk[kh ekQ+ * 'kkfey vkgs A dhjr c=kc=k.khv tk pwaM flaèkh et+ewu ,sa MkW- tksrok.khv tks ^lq¥k.ki tks ladV* fc flyscl esa vkgsA fVª;ksa isij flaèkh lkfgR; ts bfrgkl tks vkgs] tafgaes flaèkh lkfgR; tks vokbyh nkS j ¼vBha lnhv [kka 1500 bZLohv rkb± b'd ,sa lw;kZghv ts fdLlfu tks nkSj] HkfDr dkO; th èkkjk 1500 bZ- [kka 1853 rkb±½] u,a nkSj esa flaèkh 'kk;jhv tks fodkl flaèkh ulqj tks nkSj] flaèkh dgk.khv tks fodkl] flaèkh miU;kl tks fodkl] flaèkh lkfgR; tks uvksa nkSj] flaèkh ulqj th 'kq:vkr] flaèkh ukVd tks fodkl] flaèkh et+ewu ,sa vkykspuk tks fodkl ts vè;;u tks t+fj;ks vkgsA fV,a isij ykb ea?kkjke eYdk.kh] MkW- ,e- ds- tSryh] ghjks 'ksodk.kh] MkW- n;ky vk'kk] izk-s iksiVh ghjkuank.kh] txnh'k yNk.kh] MkW - eks r hyky tks r ok.kh] yhyks :pank.kh] izk-s ,p- ,y- vtok.khv tk fdrkc ennxkj vkfguA pksFkksa isij fgUnqLrkuh ,sa ik'pkR; fyVjspj esa vkykspuk ts fl)karu rs vkgsA vkuan [ksek.kh] MkWtSryh] nhipan c=syk.kh] >eVey Hkkouk.kh] ,- tsmÙke] lR;ns o pkS è kjh] ije vfcpa n k.kh] yhykèkj xqIrk] MkW- ukxsUnz ,sa cYnso mikè;k; tk fdrkc fgu isij ykb i<+.k t+:jh vkfguA ,e- ,- fla è kh Q+ k buy es a ia t is i j vkfgu& 1843 [kka iksb th flaèkh dfork] Hkk"kk foKku tk

lkekU; fl)kar ,sa flaèkh Hkk"kk tks fodkl] fof'k"V lkfgR;dkj ¼lkeh ,s a cs o fl½ fc= ; u Hkk"kkmu ts mRÑ"V lkfgR; tks vH;kl ,s a fla è kh lkfgR; th foèkk tks vkyks p ukRed vè;;u ¼fla è kh dfork ,s a flaèkh miU;kl½ Q+kbuy bZ;j ykb ukjk;.k ';ke] izHkq oQk] xksoèkZu Hkkjrh] Hks:ey egjpan] HkksykukFk frokjh] lrjke lkby] vCnqy d+jhe lansyh] th- ,vykuk] ,- trks b Z ] Hkks t = j kt ukxjk.kh] eks g uyky 'kekZ ] dher gfjfla ? kk.kh] gw a n jkt nq [ kk;y] èkeZ o hj Hkkjrh] txr vkn= o k.kh] gfj fgeFkk.kh] iz s e iz d k'k] rhFkZ clar] lqanjh mÙkepank.kh] 'ksDlih;j] gfjukjk;.k vkVjs] gfj fnyxhj] Ñ".k jkgh] jhVk 'kgk.kh] vtZu gkfln] ,e- dey] oklqnso eksgh] izks- jke iatok.kh] lpy ljeLr] iz k s - ys [ kjkt vt+ h t+ ] ykypa n vejfn=uksey] eksgu dYiuk] yky iq"i] x+qyke gqlSu iBk.k tk fy[k;y fdrkc ,sa jpukÅa fo|kfFkZ;qu [ks i<+k;wa osfUn;wa vkfguA v'kksd % flaèkh fdrkc ,sa fjQ+jUs l cqDl loykbZv lka feyh osUnk vkfgu \ deyk % ?k.ks Hkk³s ijs'kkuh dksu FkhUnh vkgsA dq>q fdrkc dksu feyUnk vkfguA vlka LVwMUs Vl [ks QksVks dkih djkb.k esa enn dank vkfg;wAa vfgM+k fdrkc 'kk;k dj.k th t+:jr vkgsA ,u-lh-ih-,l-,y- ¼jk"Vªh; fla/kh Hkk"kk fodkl ifj"kn½ bu n= l es a dks f 'k'k djs r on= h ijs'kkuh [+kre Fkh osUnhA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 49

lqfg.kk flaèkh 50

deyk xks d yk.kh Qjgr] ,&4] usg: uxj] vtes j

cchrk ek[khtk fp«kdyk esa flaèkh lekt th ub± Vghv tks fc :>ku vkgs A Hkks i ky ts egkjkuh y{ehc= k bZ xYlZ dkW y s t eka fp«kdyk es a ,e-,- dj.k [kka iks b cchrk jktk.khv th 'kknh Fkh ,s a gw v cchrk ek[khtk c.kth obZ A vtq = fc QkbZuvkVZ [ks oD+r n=hUnh vkgsA cchrk bUnkSj esa VSDlVkby fMt+ k bfua x es a fMIyks e k djs ia f ga t s 'kkS a d [ks iw j ks dUnh vkgsA bUnkSj th nsoykyhdj dyk ohfFkdk esa izn'kZuh fc yx=kbZ vFkb±A Hkksiky th dyk ifj"kn th dyk nh?kkZ esa 1990 esa LVwMUs V ykbQ esa *ckjg dh Vksyh* ukys lka tn=fga cchrk ,sa fc=;u dykdkju ts Bkfg;y rLoh#u th izn'kZuh yx= h r fgd fla è kh iz f rHkk th t= k .k dyk iz s f e;q u [ks feyhA cchrk lka orZy baVjO;w esa bgk x=kfYg lkEgwa vkbZ r vlkats dykdkju esa Hkjiwj vkRefo'okl vkgs ,sa dfga fc c=h lekt th izfrHkkmu [kka flaèkh ?kfV dksUguA t+:jr t+:jh ekxZn'kZu] IysVQkeZ] lekt th lkjkg th vkgsA v'kksd % fp«kdyk ts ikls :>ku dhva iSnk fFk;ks\ lqfg.kk flaèkh 51

cchrk % Ldwy ts oDr bZ yhdwa [khap.k tks 'kkSd a gksA ch-,ts ifgfj,a lky es a ew a Q+ k bu vkVZ lCts D V orks Z A lkfgfM+;qu ,sa VhplZ lka lCtsDV i<+Uns Qkbu vkVZ twa ckjhfd;wa lef>;wa r :>ku ¼ykM+ks½ oèkUnks o;ksA v'kksd % dfgM+s xq:v [kka oèkhd fl[;k feyh \ cchrk % dkyst ts Q+kbu vkVZ ts gsM vkWQ n fMikVZeUs V Jh jktkjke] Q+ k bu vkVZ th fl[;k fn= u hA eka jktkjke lkgc ts ekxZ n 'kZ u ykb lt= h ft+ a n xh mUgu th 'kqØxqt+kj jgUnlA v'kksd % rOgka[ks dfgM+s fd+Le twa rLoh:a Bkfg.kq ilan vkfgu \ Nk eSlst fn=;.k pkghUnk vkfg;ks \ cchrk % flEiy dks y kt+ ] ck;ykftdy QkElZ ,s a fc= ; w a rLoh:a BkghUnh vkfg;ka A dks b Z eS l s t gq t s vkVZ es a ] bgks t+ : jh dks U gs ] ij dykdkj th lkèkuk rLohj es a fn= l .k es a vp.k ykft+ e h vkgs A v'kksd % fdu jaxu tks bLrseky rOgka[ks o.kUnks vkgs \ cchrk % lHkq jax bLrseky Fkhank vkfgu] vkby] okVj ,sa ,Øsfyd jax rLohj Bkfg.k esa de vpu FkkA v'kks d % fp«kdyk ykb rOgka [ ks ds # iz s j .kk n= h Unk vkfgu \ cchrk % eSfjt [kka ifgjha eqafgats firkJh fo|kjke jktk.kh ,sa eSfjt [kka iksb eqfa gats thou lkFkh iq:"kksÙke ek[khtk lnkabZ lg;ksx ,sa izsj.kk fn=uh vkgsA v'kksd % fp«kdyk esa fjlpZ ts vuqHko ckcr c=qèkkb±nk \ cchrk % bUnkSj ts usg: lsVa j] yky ckx+ ts dyk i{k rs ewa fjlpZ dbZ vkgsA y?kq 'kks/kizc/a k ¼fMLkVZ's ku½ ts flyflys esa ewa[ks fp«kdkjhv rs fjlpZ tks vuqHko fFk;ksA v'kksd % bUnkSj esa fp«kdyk [ks flaèkh lekt dfgM+s ut+fj, lka fn= l Unh vkgs \ cchrk % fp«kdyk [ks vksfrjks fjLikal u feyUnks vkgsA fc= ; ks vt= q d Yg Vh-oh pS u Yl ,s a euks j a t u ts u,a ekè;eu fFk;Vsj] vkVZ dYpj th yyd ek.gqfu eka ?kVk, Nn= h vkgs A cchrk ek[khtk] 47] lkdsr uxj] bUnkSj lqfg.kk flaèkh 52

fp«kdyk ,sa dkVwZudyk fgdq vfgM+ks gquqj vkgs tafgesa ?kfV tx=fg esa rLohj ts t+fj, on=h x=kfYg pbZ lf?kts FkhA tafga ohpkj [ks n=gu&ohgu lqQu+ esa po.kks Fkks i, mu[ks fgd ua<s fp«k esa pbZ lf?kts FkksA lEiz"s k.k th ghv foèkk vuks[kh vkgsA xqft+fj;y Vªhgu lkyu [kka jes'k ukuok.khv iafgath fp«kdyk lka lt=s dyk lalkj tks è;ku fNfd;ks vkgsA vlqy mTtSu tk fuoklh jes'k ukuok.kh fgu oD+r eè;izn's k nqXèk egkla?k] Hkksiky esa vflLVsVa ,DthD;wfVo ,MoVkZbft+x a ,aM ifCyd fjys'kUl ts vksgns rs vkfguA Mªkbax ,sa isfa Vax esa ,e- ,- QksVksxzkQh] Q+kbu ,.M ,IykbM vkVZ esa fMIyksek dj.k okjs jes'k ukuok.khv tks tue 1955 esa fFk;ksA flaèkh lekt dyk ,sa dykdkju [ks fgeFkk,] u fgeFkk,] dykdkj ik.k iafgath iqBh Bis vfx=rs oèkh jfg;k vkfguA mUgu [ks dafgath 'kkcklhv th njdkj dksUgsA jes'k ukuok.kh fi.k bUghv ohpkjèkkjk tk vkfguA iafgaft;wa iznf'kZfu;wa u Q+dr+ e/

;izns'k dyk ifj"kn] Hkksiky] Hkkjr Hkou ,sa mTtSu] baMkSj] jryke] Xokfy;j] jk;iqj esa yx=k, pqdk vkfgu ij eqEcbZv th izfrf"Br tgkaxhj vkVZ xSyjhv esa fi.k fp«kdkjhv ts VsyVas tks izn'kZu djs pqdk vkfguA fgu izfrHkk'kkyh fp«kdkj [ks us'kuy ,sa LVsV ysfoy tk pkj buke feyh pqdk vkfguA jes'k ukuok.kh fp«kdkjhv th mUghv ijEijk [ks vfx=rs oèkk, jfg;k vkfgu tafgaesa fo'ofe«k oklok.kh] ?ku';ke lkxj ,sa t;k foosd 'kkfey vkfguA flaèkh fp«kdkj esBks èkekZ.kh] Hkxoku diwj] ds- ,l- ckyk.kh] fd'ku pSuk.kh] ijekuan iatok.kh] panzlsu oklok.kh iafgats jaxu] js[kkmu tks tknw lt=s eqYd [ks n=s[kkfj;ks vkgsA jes'k ukuok.kh fi.k ifga t k Bkfg;y fp«k eq Y d ts [+ k kfl 'kgju th turk ts vfx=;ka is'k d;k vkfguA jes'k vt=q fc jkst+ iafgats gquqj [ks oèkhd lqfg.kks Bkfg.k ykb vH;kl dank vkfguA dkVw Z u dyk es a fc fla è kh fp«kdkj vfx= r s oèkh jfg;k vkfguA vf[ky Hkkjr flaèkh c=ksyh ,sa lkfgR; lHkk tk lnj lqUnj vxuk.kh] iafgats dkVwZuu ts t+fj, lekt th vlfy;r th t= k .k vlka [ ks n= h a n k jgUnk vkfguA oklqnso ^flaèkq Hkkjrh*] xaxk iatok.kh] banzthr] [kheu ;wewyk.kh] prq: ukxiky] eksgu nqlt s k] gfjjke ghjkuank.kh] gfj'kpanz] vkj- ds- ewyk.kh] fot; ukudk.kh] Bdqj vkgwtk] es?kjkt ryjstk] usoUnjke lksuh] cchrk ek[khtk iafgats Bkfg;y rLoh:u lka dyk tx=r esa [+kkfl tx=fg Bkgh vkgsA in~eJh MkW- fo".kq Jhèkj okd.kdj th fgnk;r esa deq dj.k okjs jes'k ukuok.khv th [+okfg'k vkgs r flaèkh c=kj fc fp«kdyk fl[kuA jes'k ik.k bu n=l esa oD+r fn=;.k ykb R;kj vkfguA jes'k th fgd isfa Vax 1999 esa eqYd ts 'kghnu [ks lefiZr izn'kZuh ,sa fdrkc ^Lojkt dks lacksèku* esa 'kkfey dbZ obZA izn'kZuhv esa lfpnk ukxnso] jghe fet+kZ] t;k] eat"w kk xkaxqyh] 'kEik 'kkg] gsera ok;xudj] fgeka'kq tks'kh] gjpanuflag HkV~Vh] MkW- Vh- pUnzdkar] v:.k xokUns tk fp«k fc 'kkfey gqvkA eqca bZv

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jes'k ukuok.kh

th tgkaxhj vkVZ xSyjh esa 23 [kka 29 ebZ] 1996 rs ekyok ts fp«kdkju twa Bkfg;y rLoh:a izn'kZuh esa yx=k;wa o;waA jes'k ukuok.kh th rLohj fc fgu izn'kZuh esa 'kkfey dbZ obZA fgu izn'kZuhv esa dyk xq: fo".kq fpapkydj] MkWeuksgj xksNkus] fet+kZ bLekby csx] Jsf.kd tSu] ehjk xqIrk] vQ+t+y] gjh'k xqIrk] bZ'ojh jkoy] dju flag] MkW- fo".kq HkVukxj] jes'k [ksj] izHkq tks'kh] gjsUnz 'kkg] 'kadj f'kans] ,l- ds- eqUMh] vf[kys'k] vuhl fu;kt+h] vCnqy d+kfnj] nsohyky ikVhnkj ,sa lQ+nj gk'kehv th dyk tk uewuk 'kkfey fFk;kA eqYd th ifgfj,a ntsZ th vkVZ xSyjh esa fgd flaèkh fp«kdkj th dyk y[ku ek.gqu fn=Bh ,sa jes'k ukuok.khv th dyk [ks lkjkfg;kÅaA jes'k ukuok.khv rs flaèkh lekt [ks Q+[k+ qj fFk;.k ?kqfjtsA vlkath lekt esa tk;wa Bkfg.k okjk fcYMj gt+kjsa Fkh l?ku Fkk] dkj[+kkuu esa izksMsDV Bkgs ekdsZV esa fod.k.k okjk O;kikjh y[ksa Fkh l?ku Fkk] ij lekt tks fuekZ.k dj.k okjk ,sa iafgath dE;qfuVhv tks >aMks eFks [k.kh gy.k okjk jes'k ukuok.kh ?kfV vkfgu] vk³fj;qu rs x=.k.k yk;dA jes'k ukuok.khv th dyk ;k«kk vfgM+s eqdke rs igqps tks [ksu lt=ks lalkj lq¥k.ks] bgk reUuk flafèk;qu th vkgsA jes'k ukuok.kh [ks fefy;y vokMZ %& vky bafM;k vkVZ ,Dt+hch'ku] ukxiqj] 1988] vky bafM;k dkfynkl vkVZ ,Dthoh'ku] mTtSu 1975 ,sa 76] LVsV vkVZ ,Dthch'ku] uwru dyk laxe] jk;iqj] 1976] ,dy izn'kZuh %& e- iz- dyk ifj"kn] Hkksiy 1978 xzqi 'kks %& yfyr dyk vdkneh] enzkl] 1990] tgkaxhj vkVZ xSyjh] eqEcbZ] 1986] ,dsMeh vkWQ vkVZ] dydÙkk] 1984] Jhèkjkuh vkVZ xSyjh] ubZ fnYyh] 1981] f«kos.kh dyk laxe] ubZ fnYyh] 1978] fonHkZ lkfgR; lHkkx`g] ukxiqj] 1977] Hkksiky& 1979] 1980] 1983] 1988] mTtSu& 1976] 1976 ] bankSj&1976] 1985 fgLlsnkjh ,sa laLFkkmu lka laidZ

vky bafM;k vkVZ ,Dt+hch'ku] U;w;kdZ iafgfj;ksa ,sa fc=;ks dyk esyks] yfyr dyk vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh Hkkjr Hkou eas us ' kuy vkVZ ,Dt+ h ch'ku] yfyr dyk vdkneh] enz k l bafnjk dyk laxhr fo'ofo|ky;] [kSjkx<+ ts ikjka dksBk;y lsehukj esa cfgjksA MkW- oh- ,l- okd.kdj th fgnk;rdkjhv esa dyk xfrfofèk;qu esa fgLlsnkjhA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 55

lqfg.kk flaèkh 56

jes'k ukuok.kh] 220 olqUèkjk] lqjnsa z Iysl] gks'kaxkckn jksM] Hkksiky Qksu % 0755&2417519] 9425636931

lekt tks fQ+Yeh nqfu;ka esa c=kjgka vkuk jksy vkgs ;k b,a pbZ lf?kts Fkks r fQ+Yeh lalkj th cqfu;kn flafèk;qfu ts djs et+crw vkgs r bgks x+yr u ef¥;ks osUnksA Hkkjr Hkou] Hkksiky esa tn=fga xksfoUn fugyk.khv lka xn=q c= dykd xqtk+ fj.k tks ekSdk+ s fefy;ks r vlka[ks bu x=kfYg tks vglkl fFk;ks r flaèkh lekt esa dsfrjs vkyk ntsZ tk Mk;jsDVj ekStnw vkfguA xksfoUn fugyk.khv ykb dafga igpku ;k ifjp; tks lgkjks oB.k t+:jh dksUgsA vtq= fgUnqLrku tk c=&pkj Mk;jsDVj bZ vfgM+h gSfl;r j[kUnk vkfgu tafgats djs mUgu [ks baVjus'kuy ysfoy tks fQ+Yedkj pbZ lf?kts FkksA xksfoUn fugyk.kh vfgM+h bZ fgd 'kf[+l;r vkgs tafgatks ukyks u flQ+Z ckWyhoqM ij gkWyhoqM esa fc lEeku lka orksZ osUnks vkgsA v'kksd % ^jk"Vªh; fd'kksj dqekj lEeku* gklqyq dj.k ykb rOgka[ks okèkk;w]a bgks lEekuq lt=s flaèkh lekt tks fc lEekuq vkgsA rOgka[ks ifgfj;ksa nQ+ks eqacbZv esa fd'kksj dqekj lEeku

fn= ; .k th lw p uk feyh r dhva yx= q o \ xks f oUn % fd'kks j dq e kj ykb eq f ga t s eu es a n= k <h J)k vkgs] lpipq mUgu ts ukys rs eè;izn's k ljdkj ikjka cikZ d;y lEeku ewa[ks fey.k th lwpuk feyUns bZ ea q f ga t h fny n= k <h Bjh ibZ A v'kksd % rOgka u :x=ks jk"Vªh; ij varjjk"Vªh; lrg rs iafgath lq¥k.ki Bkgh vkgsA Hkksiky vph dhva eglwl Fkk d;ks \ xksfoUn % lqBks Fkks yx=]s Hkksiky lqfg.kks 'kgj vkgsA fc=;ks eè;izn's k esa ew[a ks reke oèkhd lEeku fefy;ks vkgsA lpipq eqfa gats ykb [+kq'khv tks ekSdk+ s vkgsA v'kksd % rOgka ,frfj;wa fQ+Yewa Bkfg;wa vkfgfu] lfHkuh [kka oèkhd larks"k dfgM+h fQ+Ye Bkfg.k rs eglwl d;ks vFko \ xksfoUn % ^vkØks'k* ,sa ^vèkZlR;* ts fuekZ.k tk vuqHko lfHkuh [kka vyx= jfg;k] larks"kq fc fFk;ksA c=bZ gd+hd+r rs vkèkkfjr dgkf.k;wa vkfguA ^rel* th 'kwfVax dans ?k.ksbZ nQ+k Hkkoqd fc fFk;qlA v'kksd % ^rel* fn=lh b,a eglwl Fkhanks vkgs] Q+dr+ iatkch leqnk; bZ fojgk³s tk lwj lBk vkfguA rOgka[ks fgd flaèkh fFk;.k ts ukrs Nk bgk x=kfYg gt+e Fkh l?kh \ xksfoUn % ^rel* tks fuekZ.k Hkh"e lkguh ts ukWoy s rs vkèkkfjr gksA miU;kl th Hkkouk tks è;ku j[k.kq r t+:jh gksA v'kksd % flafèk;qfu fc fojgk³s th ?kfV rdyhQ+ cnkZ'kr dksu dbZA ?kj] jkstx + kj lHkq [+kRe Fkh fo;kA vlkath laLÑfr] lH;rk [+kRe fFk;.k th gkyr esa vph obZ \ xksfoUn % rOgkatks po.kq lgh vkgsA tn=fga ewa ^rel* Bkgh] bgk x=kfYg eaqfgats t+gu esa vkbZ gqbZ ij Hkh"e lkguhv th fLØIV lka U;k; th x=kfYg fnekx+ rs ofj&ofj gkoh Fkh osUnh gqbZA v'kksd % r Nk fgd fLØIV lka U;k; dj.k th d+her fgd lt= h lekt [ks lg.kh ioUnh \ fla f èk;q f u th d+qjckuh tks ft+Ø flaèkh fQ+Yedkj fc u dank r bgk

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lqfg.kk flaèkh 58

xksfoUn fugyk.kh

ukbalkQ+h u pbch \ xksfoUn % fn=lks] Hkh"e lkguhv tsdks fyf[k;ks] mgks fojgk³s esa iatkfc;qu] fl[ku th d+qckZuh tks c[kku bZ gks] ij edln fojgk³s lka lt= h ba l kuh fcjknjhv tw a eqf'dykrwa n=s[kkj.k tks gksA bUgu balkuu esa flaèkh fc 'kkfey vkfguA v'kksd % Nk rOgka eglwl dank vkfg;ks r flafèk;qu twa ijs'kkfu;qfu [ks v.kfn=Bks d;ks o;ks \ xksfoUn % ew[a ks fojgk³s rs fyf[k;y flaèkh lkfgR; ut+j dksu vk;ks vkgsA v'kksd % fugyk.kh lkgc] flaèkh lkfgR; tks [kklq fo"k; xqtfj;y iatkg lkyu esa fojgk³ks bZ jfg;ks vkgs] xksfoan ekYgh [kka oBh djs gfj eksVok.kh] Ñ".k [kVok.khv rkb± ?k.kfu ys[kdu fojgk³s rs fyf[k;ks vkgs A xksfoUn % eqfa gath ut+j esa bgks lkfgR; dksu vk;ks vkgsA v'kksd % rOgka] eqca bZ esa bZ t=k.k oBks gka r lkfgR; feyh o×¥s gkA bgk x=kfYg c=h vkgs r vfgM+s flaèkh lkfgR; tks fgUnh ,sa vaxzt s hv esa rtqZeks ?kV fFk;ks vkgs \ xksfoUn % ew[a ks flaèkh lkfgR; flaèkhv esa fc feyh o×¥s gk r eka vfgfM+;wa fQ+Yewa Bkfg.k th dksf'k'k t+:j d;ka gkA v'kksd % fojgk³s rs vkèkkfjr lkfgR; rOgka [ks ghavj feys r Nk mu rs fQ+Ye BkghUno \ xksfoUn % t+:jA ifgjha i<+Unql ,sa fQ+Ye fc BkghUnqlA ew[a ks eaqfgats nksLr ykyiq"i fc bu ckcr p;ks vkgsA v'kksd % rOgka th [+okfg'k flaèkh laLÑfr rs vkèkkfjr fQ+Ye Bkfg.k th fc vkgs ;k vfgM+h fQ+Ye [ks vokMZ u feyh l?kUnks vkgs bu djs dksu Bkfg.kq pkghUno \ xksfoUn % vfgM+h x=kfYg dksUgsA flaèkh laLÑfrv ckcr fc fQ+Ye Bkfg.k tks ekSdk+ s fefy;ks r t+:j BkghUnqlA eaqfgatks tueq flaèkq esa djkphv tks vkgsA iafgath c=ky s hv ,sa laLÑfrv lka

ew a [ ks ykx= k iks vkgs A fla è kh lekt lka eka ges ' kk tqM+.kq pkghUnks vkfg;ka] lekt ewalk 'kk;n vksfrjks u tqM+h l?kh vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh lekt tks è;ku okikj n=s oèkhd vkgsA Nk bu djs flaèkh fQ+Yewa lQy dksu Fkhafn;wa vkfgu \ xksfoUn % bgk fgd otg Fkh l?ks FkhA ij flaèkh fQ+Yewa lqBs LVsUMMZ twa Bgu r t:j gyfUn;wAa v'kksd % flaèkhv esa lekukarj flusek tks dsfrjks Ldksi vkgs\ xksfoUn % ifgjha flusek th laLÑfr fodflr fFk, iksb lekukarj flusek th x=kfYg d;wAa v'kksd % flaèkh fFk;sVj ts ckjs es rOgkath jk; \ xksfoUn % thva fc=;u dykmfu esa iqfBrs vkfg;wa rhva ukVd dyk esa fc [kkl tx=g dksu Bkgs lf?k;k vkfg;wAa ij ub± ih<+hv eka mEesn dj.k [kisA ?kfV esa ?kfV ew[a ks mEesn vkgsA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 59

lqfg.kk flaèkh 60

xksfoUn fugyk.kh mn~Hko] jktdey LVwfM;ks] MkW- ,l- ,l- jko jksM] ijsy eqacbZ&400012

v'kksd pkanok.kh v[k.M flaèkw lalkj ikjka Hkksiky esa dq> lky ifgjha ia f ga t s fd+ L e ts ifgfj,a Mª k ek Qs f LVoy es a tcyiq j ts gjuke iatok.khv ts Mk;jsD'ku esa Mªkeks is'k fFk;ks gks ^lkgqjh dkj*A n'kZdu [ks Mªkeks of.k;ks u of.k;ks ij Mªkes [ks fn=l.k ykb tfga 'k[+l etcwj d;ks mgks gks v'kksd pkanok.khA ukSdj ts jksy esa ua<h eqN lka ,sa fudj ik, es d vi djs ia f ga t s jks y [ks c= lkS lS d M+ k s va t ke n= h Uns vkfVZLV v'kksd pkanok.kh fgd Nki Nn=s o;ksA v'kksd pkanok.khv tks fgdq ukVd fla/kh ukV~; la?k ts dykdkj ts :i esa tcyiqj ts ekul Hkou esa fn=l.k ykb fefy;ksA ukVd tks ukyks gks ^U;k.khv th 'kknh fujkyh 'kknh* fgnk;rdkj lkfx=;ks gks gjuke iatok.kh ,sa gkykr fc lkfx= ; k gq v k ;kus n'kZ d Mª k eks fn= l .k ykb R;kj dksu gqvk ij ukVd ts [+kkl fdjnkj izksQslj ¼v'kksd pkanok.kh½ ek.gqu [ks fog.k ,sa f[ky.k ykb etcwj d;ksA fgu dkesMh Iys esa fgd ?kj esa ikM+s ts ?kj eka lwV ¼QqyiSVa ½ fdjh io.k lka iSnk x+yr Q+gfe;wa ,sa dgk.khv esa b±nM+ eksM+ lqfg.kk flaèkh 61

[ks v'kksd pkanok.khv iafgath t+cjnLr ,fDVax izfrHkk lka uvksa :i fn=uksA pkanok.khv tks x=kYgkb.kq] fgy.k&yqn=.k tks ,D'ku n'kZdu [ks [+kwc ilan vk;ksA flaèkh ukV~; la?k lka tq f M+ ; yq ghm dykdkj vt= q d Yg èkkfeZ d E;w f t+ d ,yce ykb deq djs jfg;ks vkgsA ;kfu ,fDVax lka xn=q x=kb.k tks 'kkSd a q fc ikfy;ks vFkb±A firk jkèkkÑ".k pkanok.kh ,sa ekrk laxhrk nsohv [ks iafgats ekxZn'kZd ts :i esa e¥.k okjs v'kksd pkanok.khv tks tueq 1982 tks vkgsA tcyiqj esa Mkal Dykl 'kq: djs iafgath mfej ts ukStokuu [ks dyk ts [ks«k esa fgeFkkb.k okjks v'kksd ukVdu esa Hkkjh laxhr th tx= g gYds la x hr [ks t+ : jh e¥ha n ks vkgs A fla è kh ukVd ^daoj ts dneu esa* ,sa fganh ukVd ^Hkxoku dk eksy* esa ,fDVax djs v'kksd lkjkg gklqyq dbZA v'kksd iafgatks xq: gjuke iatok.khv [ks e¥hanks vkgs ,sa ukVdu ts fQYeh dj.k [ks tk;t+ dks u e¥ha n ks vkgs A v'kks d pkanok.khv vthr feukspk ts funsZ'ku esa ^csfV;ka D;ksa ijkbZ \* esa vfHku; ,sa tkxj.k lfefrv ikjka lgxk;u ¼dksjl½ tfgfM+;wa jpukRed dksf'k'kwa d;wa vkfguA v'kksd flaèkh ukVdu lka xn=ksxnq= fganh ukVdu esa fc jksy danks vkgs ,sa iafgath egur lka Mªkek 'kks [ks dke;kc djkb± n ks vkgs A bgks bZ lccq vkgs tks gj fgnk;rdkj pka n ok.khv [ks ia f ga t s ukVd es a 'kkfey dj.k pkghUnks vkgs A tcyiq j ts ja x txr es a pka n ok.khv vyx= tx= g Bkgh vkgs A fgd c= h [+ k kfl;r fc pka n ok.khv th vkgs iafgath Vhe ts gj vkfVZLV [ks fgeFkkb.kqA 'kks [kka iafgajh Mk;jsDVj [ks fLØIV esa lg;ksx= fn=;.k lka Mk;jsDVj ts Vs'a ku [ks ?kVk, dke;kc 'kks djkb.k pkanok.khv th [+kkfl;r vkgsA Mk;jsD'ku th foèkk esa fc pkanok.khv th fnypLih vkgsA v'kksd pkanok.khv esa tcyiqj eka fudjh eqca bZ igqph lQy vfHkus r k fFk;.k th la H kkouk vkgs A t+ : jr lq B s pkUl ,sa xkWM Qknj fey.k th vkgsA v'kksd pkanok.kh] 77] cM+h vkserh] is'kdkjh Ldwy] tcyiqj ¼e- iz-½ Qksu % 9926366300 lqfg.kk flaèkh 62

ukxiqj fuoklh izk-s fouksn vklwnk.kh lqBk xt+ydkj vkfguA fganh] flaèkh] bafXy'k ,sa ejkBhv rs lqBks n[k+y j[kanM+ fouksn vklwnk.khv vt=q lkfgR; txr esa iafgath d+kfcfy;r tk vusd lcwr fn=uk vkfguA ^vèkwjk vkLeka* ¼2002½ ukys lka fouksn vklwnk.khv tks ifgfj;ksa x+ty + &laxzg 'kk;k fFk;ksA tue [kka bZ vf[k;qu th jks'kuhv [kka eg:e fouksn vklwnk.kh ft+na xhv esa la?k"kZ djs iafgath tx=fg ik.k Bkgh vkgsA vlkèkkj.k ;ksX;rk ,sa dk;Zu twa fgd c= u vyk, dsfrfj;wa miyfCèk;wa fouksn vklwnk.khv ts [kkrs esa vkfguA tn=fga fouksn vklwnk.kh lar fgjnkjke uxj esa ^flaèkw* laLFkk ts ln= rs ysDpj fn=;.k vk;k r lkfgR; izfs e;qu lka :c: fc fFk;kA fgd ikls lokyu tks t+[k+ hjks gq;ks r fc=, ikls flyflysokj lqfg.kk tokc fn=;.k okjk fouksn vklwnk.kh gkft+j gqvkA Vªs dykd gy.k okjs fgu ;knxkj izkx s zke esa fouksn th is'kd'k [kka iksb c=qèk.k okjk ifgath tx=fga rka mFk.k ykb R;kj dksu gqvkA

flaèkh lkfgR; ,sa laLÑfrv lka xgjks ykx=kiks j[kanM+ fouks n vklw n k.khv th [+ k kfl;r ga l eq [ k LoHkko vkgs A vf[ky Hkkjr flaèkh c=ksyh lkfgR; lHkk ikjka tqykbZ] 2002 esa ipe<+hv esa laiUu ys[kd laxks"Bhv esa fouksn vklwnk.khv lka eqykd+kr FkhA iksb ^flaèkq* laLFkk ts izkx s zke esa ,sa 25 ebZ 2003 rs ukxiqj esa izks- vklwnk.khv ts ?kjA Vªs eqykdkrwa dj.k [kka iksb ewa[ks izks- vklwnk.khv ykb lEeku ,sa J)k ,sfrjh oèkh obZ vkgs tks bgk [+okfg'k Fkh fFk, r 'ky vfgM+ k xq : vlka t h lekt [ks feya n k jgu r vlka t k c= k j fla è kh fFk;.k th vgfe;r le>h l?kuA izks- vklwnk.kh Q+d+r pksVªhgu lkyu tk vkfguA v¥k ft+na xhv esa ?k.kksbZ dq>q gkfly dj.kks vFkfuA ij ,frjh ?kfV mfej esa tsds dke;kfc;wa gkfly d;wa vFkfu mgs csfelky vkfguA izk-s fouksn vklwnk.khv th èkeZiRuh Jherh vkjrh ,sa èkhv csch vkLFkk cs g n lg;ks x h ,s a vkReh; vkfguA ft+ a n xhv [ks Q+sylwQ+h ut+fj, lka fn=lh izks- vklwnk.kh oèkhd lathnk] ltx ,sa le>nkj Fkh fi;k vkfguA izk-s vklwnk.khv] Hkksiky esa lkfgR; izfs e;qu ts lokyu tk tokc fn=uk gqvkA izk-s vklwnk.kh; [kka loky dj.k okju esa Hkx=oku ckck.kh] dUgS;kyky 'ksok.kh] fot; euok.kh] c=Yyw pksbFkk.kh] vkseizdk'k Vfgfy;k.kh] jke ruok.kh] jke yNok.kh 'kkfey gqvkA izkx s zke th dfEi;fjax dbZ vljnkj vkokt+ ts ekfyd lqfg.ks vnhc ds- Vh- nknyk.khvA izk-s vklwnk.khv fgd [+kkl x=kfYg bgk c=qèkkbZ r lanu ifjokj ts vBu Hkkmju&Hksu:u esa iat us«kghu vkfguA fojgk³s cSn tn=fga izk-s vklwnk.khv tk firkJh gjn;ky vklwnk.kh uokc'kkg ¼flaèk½ [kka yn=s vk;k r 'kknhv ts n=gu lkyu [kka iksb fc dksbZ vkSykn u fFk;.k djs nq[kh gqvkA vkSykn fFk;ks fc r ifgfj;ka pkj c=kj us«kghuA bgk x=kfYg lts= ifjokj ykb csgn vQlksl th gqbZA ,yksiSFkh tk fo'ks"kK fgu ifjokj esa fc=;k c=kj fc bUghv fdLe tk iSnk fFk;.k th ?kks"k.kk djs osBk gqvkA ij vkLFkk on=h x=kfYg vkgsA fgd gdhe th lykg rs

lqfg.kk flaèkh 63

lqfg.kk flaèkh 64

fouksn vklwnk.kh

izkÑfrd mipkj dj.k lka iatksa c=kjq lkekU; iSnk fFk;ksA ;kus izks- vklwnk.khv th ua<h Hks.k ukeZy iSnk FkhA iksb Vªs fc= ; k c= k j fc fFk;k ftues a c= c= k j ukeZ y vkfguA izks- fouksn lqokyu ts tokcu esa bgk t=k.k fn=uh r lwjnkl Fkh djs fc dks 'k[+l us«knku djs l?ks FkksA vf[k th jSfVuk th [+kjkch iafgath tx=fg rs vkgsA us«knku esa dkfuZ;k tks VªkaLIYkkaV d;ks osUnks vkgsA izks- vklwnk.khv tks dkfuZ;k lgh vkgsA mUgu cq=èkk;ks r mUgu us«knku th ?kks"k.kk djs Nn=h vkgsA bZ'oj ts QSlys [ks lg"kZ Lohdkj djs izks- vklwnk.khv iafgath jpukRed ;k«kk esa dkbZ deh dksu j[kh vkgsA tksfr ts vHkko [ks f'kn~nr lka eglwl djs bZ izks- vklwnk.khv us«knku tks ladYi orksZ vkgsA izk-s vklwnk.kh] ,e- dey] vtZu gkfln] gjh fnyxhj ,sa lnkg;kr ukjk;.k ';ke [kka izHkkfor vkfguA [ksu fo'okl vkgs r tsdn=fga gkfln lkgc tks fdrkcq dks fc i<+h oBs r mUgu [ks KkuihB iqjLdkj tks gd+nkj e×¥.k lka badkj u danksA izks- fouksn tks fgdM+ks bZ lans'k ;qok ,sa cqt+qxZ ih<+ + h v ykb vkgs r c= k ju [ks fla è kh lkfgR; th t= k .k fn= t s A dkyks u h;q u es a lkfgR; i<+ h cq = è kk;ks o¥s A iz k s fouks n tks ohpkj vkgs r fla è kh ys [ kd ,s a lkfgR;dkj lkekftd dqjhfr;qu [ks [kre djs l?ku FkkA cl t+:jr vkgs [+kqn [kka 'kq:vkr dj.k thA flaèkh lkfgR; [ks egnwn nk;js [kka c=kfgj d<h fo'kky :i fn=;.kq [kisA HkfDr jpukÅa fc mfpr vkfgu ij lkfgR; esa egt+ rqdcanh u gqv.kq [kisA mRÑ"V lkfgR; th jpuk t+:jh vkgsA izk-s vklwnk.khv ts ifjokj esa ukxiqj ;wfuoflZVhv tk 30 xksYM esMy vkfguA flQ+Z bu fgdM+h x=fYg lka vklwnk.kh ifjokj ts on=s ckSf)d Lrj th dYiuk djs l?kts FkhA vklwnk.kh ifjokj flaèkh lekt ykb 'kku ,sa xoZ dj.k tks izrhd vkgsA ukxiqj ts jkenso ckck deyk usg: bathfu;fjax dkyst esa vaxzsth+ v tk O;k[;krk izk-s vklwnk.kh lkfgR; lka xn=kx s nq= psl

[ksn=.k tk fc 'kkSadhu vkfguA laxhr c=qèk.k esa [ksu [+kkl fnypLih vkgs A fQ+yklkWQh+ ] lkbdksykWth] ikWfyfVDl ,sa ,twd's kuy fo"k;u rs x= k fYg c= k s y tks 'kkS a d q fc vFkuA js f M;ks rs mUgu ?k.ksbZ nQ+k dkO;ikB d;ks vkgsA izks- fouksn vklwnk.khv th miyfCèk;wa fgd ut+j esa fgu jhr vkfguA 1988 % n=gas ntsZ esa 90 ijlsVa ekdw± ¼esfjV fyLV esa l«kgksa LFkku½] 1990 % c=kjgsa ntsZ th ijh{kk esa esfjV fyLV esa iats LFkku rs] 1993 % xzt s ,w 'ku ¼esfjV esa iatks½ 1995 % ,e- ,- bafXy'k fyVjspj ¼;wfuoflZVh esa ifgfj;ksa LFkkuq½] 1996 % ch- ,M-] 1998 % ,e- , ¼fgLVªh½ ;wfuoflZVh esa vOoy] iq.ks ;wfuoflZVhv th lsV ijh{kk esa egkjk"Vª esa izFke] ifCyds'kUl] tafgesa izk-s vklwnk.khv tks mYys[k fFk;ks] fyEdk cqd vkWQ fjdkMZl ¼Hkkjr eka 'kk;k½] gw bt+ gw vkW Q eS u ,a M oq e u vkW Q fMfLVaD'ku ¼Hkkjr½] 5000 yhMlZ vkWQ n oYMZ ¼vesfjdk½] baVjus'kuy gw bt+ gw vkWQ baVsysDP;q,Yl ¼fczVsu½] vkmV LVsfa Max ihiqy vkWQ V~oVas hFk lsp a qjh ¼fczVus ½] ,f'k;k isflfQd gw bt+ gw ¼Hkkjr½] ,f'k;k vejhdu gwt gw ¼Hkkjr½] gkfly lEeku % pkS [ kV lkekftd la L Fkk ikjka ¼ukxiq j jRu½] eysf'k;k th ,UlVsM ;wfuoflZVv th ,Mok;tjh dkamfly tk ekun esEcj % Nfi;y fdrkc % vèkwjk vkLeka ¼x+t+y laxzg½] fp.kxwa ,sa ckfg twa ikM+waA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 65

lqfg.kk flaèkh 66

fouksn vklwnk.kh 45 Mh] gsew dkyk.kh LDos;j] tjhiVdk] ukxiqj eks- 09373127360

usHkunkl tx=ok.kh nknk usHkunkl tx=ok.khv ts ckjs esa fgdq lt=ks ukosy fy[kh lf?kts FkksA flaèkh ukVdu th xjhc nqfu;k esa nknk usHkunkl fgd vehj 'kf[+l;r gq;kA vlkath dkef'kZ;y lekt esa 'kk;n dykdkj tks mgks d+nqj ukgs tsdks osLV caxky] egkjk"Vª ,sa dsjy esa vkgsA fgd izcq=) lekt esa dykdkj [ks dafga fc jktusrk [kka oèkhd ekuq feyUnks vkgsA nknk tx=ok.kh u flQ+Z gkL; O;aX; dykdkj gqvk( fgdq csgrjhu fgnk;rdkj fc gqvkA flaèkh Hkk"kk ts e'kgwj dfov lqxZo= klh f[k;ynkl csxok.khv lka xn=q ukVdu tks flyflyks 'kq: d;ÅaA Hkksiky esa 1964 esa dykdkj eaMy cjik fFk;ksA QSfeyh Mªkek fn=l.k ykb dykizes h fgd ln= rs xn=q Fkh osUnk gqvkA fgd [kka iksb fgd fc=u Mtuu [kka oèkhd lqBk flaèkh ukVd Hkksiky esa is'k fFk;kA ftuesa [+kkl vkfgu dj.kh Hkj.kh] iNrko tk x=k<s k+ ] vglkl tks vkbZuks] 'ky èkhvj t=eu] fojgklr] iSVa iqjk.kh u[+kjks uvks]a okjhv lanks dksVq ,sa eksVew y th es.kcÙkhA lqfg.kk flaèkh 67

dq>q ukVd r ,sfrgkfld Fkh o;kA bu tks dkj.k nknk tx= o k.khv tfgM+ s vnkdkju tks cs t ks M + vfHku; jfg;ks A nknk tn= f ga LVs t rs b± n k gq v k] lt= s gkW y es a n'kZ d [+kkeks'k Fkh osank gqvkA b,a u fFk, tks dks Mk;ykWx c=qèk.k [kka jfgth o¥sA nknk tx=ok.khv gj rjg twa HkwfedkÅa d;wAa ifjokj tks cqtqxZ] MkDVj] lektlsoh] ik[kaMh usrk ,sa eqca bZv tks MkWu xkset s Bgh djs nknk iafgath vfHku; {kerk ,sa dyk ts izfr leiZ.k tks felky fn=uks gsew dkyk.kh ukVd es a nknk fgnk;rdkjh fc dbZ ,s a fga n h ,s a fla è kh ukVdu ts uk;kc fgnk;rdkj v'kks d cq y k.khv th fgnk;rdkjhv esa vusd ;knxkj flaèkh ukVdu esa cfgjks ofjrksA mgs ukVd usHkunkl th vnkdkjhv ,sa yktokc fLØIV ykb vt=q fc n'kZdu ts t+gu esa rkt+k vkfguA Hkksiky ts johUnz Hkou esa is'k ^okjhv lanks dksVq* nknk tx=ok.khv tks vkf[+kjh ukVd gq;ksA mfej oèk.k ts djs fjglZy esa nknk [ks vkjke fn=;.k ykb Mk;jsDVj ik.k osurh dank gqvk ij fgdq lPpks dykdkj Hkys bZ ,fDVax esa dsfrjksbZ n{k Fkh o×¥s] fjglZy [ks u Nn=hanks vkA flaèk ts nknw ft+ys esa 5 vizy s 1937 rs t=koy Jh usHkunkl tx=ok.kh fojgk³s [kka iksb eFkqjk vph ofl;kA eFkqjk th Ñ".k Hkwehv eka 1950 esa dykdkju th uxjh Hkksiky esa vph ofl;kA nknk tx=ok.khv [ks fgd [+kkl igpku feyhA Hkksiky [ks deZHkwfe Bkgs mUgu dykdkju th fgd ih<+h rS;kj dbZA vfgM+s deZ;ksxh= ] yklkuh dykdkj [ks dyk izes h vt=q fc fld lka ;kn dank vkfguA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 68

lqBs dn dkBhv okjks ukStoku xk;d] fofiu 'ksok.kh tn=fga iafgath [+kkl vnkmu lka eqjdans x=kb±nks vkgs r xhr laxhr th efgfQ+y lqju esa jafxth osna h vkgsA mYgkluxj ts fgu lqjhys xk;d ua<h mez esa bZ iafgath lq¥k.ki dk;e dbZ vkgsA fofiu 'ksok.khv ns'k ts vusd LFkkuu rs flaèkh laxhr tk dke;kc izkx s zke is'k d;k vkfgu ,sa flafèk;qfu [ks b,a po.k tks volj fc fn=uks vkgs r flafèk;qfu esa fc csgrjhu dykdkj Fkhank vkfguA cSjkx=<+ Hkksiky esa ^flU/kwv* ts eap rka is'k xhr laxhr dk;ZØe cSn fofiu lka eqykdkr FkhA v'kksd % rOgka tks #>ku xhr&laxhr ts ikls dhva fFk;ks \ fofiu % eqfa gats firkJh lqj's kdqekj 'ksok.khv tks iafgatks E;wft+d vkdsZLVª vkgsA ua<h mfej [kka ifjokj esa ekgkSy fefy;ks lrsa lkysa th mfej [kka ewa x=kb.kq 'kq: d;ksA v'kksd % rOgkatks tueq fdFks fFk;ks] ?k.kh rkyhe gklqyq dbZ vFko \ fofiu % mYgkluxj esa eqfgatks tueq 21 Qjojh 1983 rs fFk;ksA

ewa ,p-lh-lh- th rkyhe orhZ vkgsA E;wftd esa xaèkoZ egkfo|ky; eka laxhr izoh.k d;ks vkgsA laxhr th rkyhe vtq = fc gyh jgh vkgs A v'kksd % x=kb.k esa rOgkath [+kkl ilan Nk vkgs \ fofiu % eka xhr] x+ty + ] lwQh+ d+yke lHkq x=kb±nks vkfg;kaA dOokyh ,sa èkkfeZd xhr fi.k x=kb±.k tks 'kkSd a q vkgsA v'kksd % fgu [ks«k esa izjs .kk dafga fn=uh \ fofiu % psUubZ ts lwQh nj [ks eka iafgatks izjs .kk L«kksr e¥hanks vkfg;kaA nknk lkb± usHkjkt th njc=kj esa eaqfgath vVwV ekU;rk vkgsA ghavj xíhv rs fojkteku nknk [kkupan eaqfgats ykb lHkq dq>q vkfguA ft+na xhv esa tsdks fc gkfly d;ks vkgs] vx=rs fc tsdks gkfly Fkhanks] eka nknk lkb±v th jtk e×¥hnqlA firk lqj's kdqekj ,sa ekrk eerknsoh fc izjs .kk n=hna k vkfguA v'kksd % laxhr th rkyhe dafga fn=uh \ fofiu % eqafgatk xq: xksfoan jke ekFkqj] dk'khukFk f'kofyax ,sa eqfgatk nknk lkb± vkfguA Dykfldy esa xksfoan jke ekFkq j x= k b± . k th rkyhe fn= u hA v'kksd % rOgkatks ilanhnk xk;d ds# vkgs \ fofiu % yrk eax's kdj] uqljr Q+rgs vyh [kku] vuqjkèkk ikSMoky] lq[kfoanjflag] x+qyke vyh] txthr flag eqfa gatk ilanhnk xk;d vkfguA v'kksd % fofiu] rOgka dfgM+k jkx= 'kkSd a lka x=kb±nk vkfg;ks\ fofiu % es?k eYgkj] vghj HkSjo] njc=kjh ,sa fgd u,a jkx= Hkokuhv esa x=kb.k lqBks yx=Unks vkgsA v'kksd % x=kb.k ts [ks«k esa vlkath lekt tsds miyfCèk;wa gkfly d;wa vkfgu] mUgu lka larq"V vkfg;ks \ fofiu % vlka th lekt esa HkfDr xhru th] Hkx=r th] lwQh d+yke x=kb.k th iqjk.kh ijEijk vkgsA lar daojjke] ekLrj pUnz] jke iatok.kh lfHkuh iafgats lqjhys eq[k lka lekt [ks izHkkfor d;ks vkgsA ij vtq= ;qok ih<+h if'peh

lqfg.kk flaèkh 69

lqfg.kk flaèkh 70

fofiu 'ksok.kh

laxhr th iksb yx= Fkh jgh vkgs] bgk vQ+lksl th x= k fYg vkgs A vlka t h lekt es a vt= q ?ku';ke oklok.kh] iou dqekj] fnyhi ykyok.kh] egs'k panz tfgM+k csgrjhu xk;d vkfgu r dkty panhjkek.kh] eatwJh vklwnk.khv tfgfM+;wa xk;dkÅa fif.kA flaèkh laxhr tks vkb±nks mTtoy vkgsA v'kksd % Hkksiky vph djs dhva yx=ks \ fofiu % n=k<ks of.k;ksA fgr xaHkhj Jksrk vkfgu tsds ykbV ,sa Dykfldy fc=Ugha xhru tks vkuan oBh t=k.kfuA ew[a ks fgrs izkx s zke is'k djs n=k<ks lqduw fefy;ksA eka ojh Hkksiky vp.k pkghanqlA v'kksd % rOgkats xhru twa dSflV~l R;kj fFk;wa vkfgu \ fofiu % eaqfgataw c= dSflV~l fgUnhv esa R;kj fFk;wa vkfguA fgd Vh lhjht+ eka fudry vkgs tfgatks ukyks vkgs ^pyks js pyks f'kMhZ èkke* ,sa c=h ^ckykth rhjFk ;k«kk* tsdk fr:ifr Hkx= o ku th efgek rs vkèkkfjr vkgs A v'kksd % rOgka ts vt+ht nksLr tks ukyks \ fofiu % laxhr gh eqfgatks nksLr vkgsA ,dkar esa osgh djs fc eka x=kb±nks jganks vkfg;kaA x+ty + aw c=qèk.k tks fc 'kkSd a q vkgsA fofiu 'ksok.kh 203 fiadw iSyl s ] viksftV lsp a qjh xzkmaM] lh Cykd mYgkluxj ¼egkjk"Vª½

lqfg.kk flaèkh 71

eksgu xsgk.kh xqtf+ j;y pkyhg lky] eksgu xsgk.khv ts d+ye ts deky tk xokg vkfguA bgks 1954 tks lky gks tn=fga eksgu xsgk.khv th ifgjha dgk.kh ^,sa lrukjk;.k u vk;ks* 'kk;k Fkh gqbZA ghv fgd rUt+h dgk.kh gqbZ tsdk i<+.k okju [ks ilan vkbZA ^>ydw*a ukys lka flaèk tks bfrgkl ,sa flaèkq èkkjk cSys th fLØIV fy[kh eksgu xsgk.khv flaèkh ys[kdu esa vyx= tx=g Bkgs orhZA [kheu ;wewyk.kh ^>ydw*a tks fganh rtqZeks ^flaèk dk bfrgkl* d;ks vkgsA vt=kd s s flaèkh lkfgR; ,sa c=ky s hv] laLÑfrv ckcr eksgu xsgk.khv ts ohpkju th t=k.k mUgu lka fFk;y eqykd+kr esa feyUnh jgUnh vkgsA vf[ky Hkkjr flaèkh c=ky s h ,sa lkfgR; lHkk ts QkmaMlZ eka fgdq eksgu xsgk.kh flaèkh c=ky s h fyih lHkk ts eqca bZ flaèkh lkfgR; eaMy ts lsØVs ªh vksgns rs fc jgh pqdk vkfguA flaèkh lkfgR; th fVewfrZ dhjr c=kc=k.kh] ,- ts- mÙke] xksfcUn ekYghv ts utnhd jg.k tks lkSHkkX; eksgu xsgk.khv [ks fefy;ks vkgsA nqcbZv esa 1978 [kka 2003 rkb± 25 lky vBsa gtkjsa [kka eFks lqfg.kk flaèkh 72

'kkfxnZu okjs bafM;u gkbZ Ldwy ts ,MfefuLVsªVj ts :i esa jfg;kA nqcbZv esa jganM+ flaèkh rbnkn esa ?kfV vkfgu ij eksgu xsgk.khv tfgM+s lPps vx=oku th cnkSyr nqcbZv th fla è kh lekt lka L Ñfrd lrg rs fojgk³s [ks [kRe dj.k esa d+ke;kc jghA v'kksd % flaèk ,sa fgan th ljt+ehu [kka ijs nqcbZv esa jgh rOgka flafèk;qfu [ks dhva xn=q d;ks \ eksgu % ew[a ks yx=ks ?kfV esa ?kfV dYpjy fojgk³ks r [+kre djs lf?kts FkksA iafgath c=ky s h] iafgats dYpj lka dfga[ks I;kj dksUgs \ t+:jr lekt esa jgUnM+ tqnk&tqnk ohpkju ts 'k[+lu [ks ik.k esa tksM.+ k th vkgsA v'kksd % dfgM+k izkx s zke vkxZukbt+ djs rOgka flafèk;qu [ks tksMs+ lf?k;k \ eksgu % vlha flaèkh ukys lka laLFkk cjik dj.k [kka iksb baVjus'kuy vokMZ 'kq : d;kA pkj&ia t lky ykx= h rk bgks flyflyks gfy;ks r ekgksy c.kth fo;ksA v'kksd % dfgM+k ys[kd] dykdkj nqcbZv esa rOgkats fe'ku vph 'kkfey fFk;k \ eksgu % fgan eka dhjr c=kc=k.kh] eksrh izdk'k] xksi dey] jes'k tfu;k.kh] xksoèkZu ?kk;y ,sa flaèk eka 'ks[k+ v;kt+] ruohj vCcklh nqcbZv vph djs iafgatk izkx s zke ,sa ysDplZ is'k d;kA iksiVh ghjkuank.khv th dgk.kh *foyk;rh ?kksV th x=kYs gk* th fLØIV R;kj djs ohlhMh BgjkbZ obZ vkgsA nqcbZv esa ohgu [kka oèkhd ;knxkj izkx s zke djk;k o;kA baVjus'kuy yrhQ vokMZ iat lky vthe 'k[lu [ks fn=uks o;ksA bUgu esa xksfoUn ekYgh] gwanjkt nq[kk;y] dY;k.k vkn=ok.kh] iksiVh ghjkuank.kh] flaèk eka tjhu cyksp] eks- ;wlqQ] bczkfge tks;ks] tQj glu 'kkfey vkfguA dUlsIV bgks gqvks r fgdq lkfgR;dkj fgan eka ,sa fgdq lkfgR;dkj flaèk eka 'kkfey djs dkeu IysVQkeZ R;kj d;ks o×¥sA

v'kksd % rOgkath eqfge tk lg;k«kh ,sa lkFkh ds# jfg;k \ eksgu % jke c[+'kk.kh ,sa ukjh lkoyk.khv tks lgdkj [+kkl rkSj lka jfg;ksA gj g¶+rs FkhanM+ dYpjy] fyVjsjh ehV lka vlka lq B ks okrkoj.k Bkfg.k es a dke;kc fFk;klha A v'kksd % vt=kd s s flaèkh lkfgR; rs rOgkatk jk;k \ eksgu % rtqZes tks deq ?kfV Fkh jfg;ks vkgsA vuqokndu th fi.k deh vkgsA fgu oD+r rkb± KkuihB vokMZ ykb dafga fyihv th pwM a dksu Fkh vkgs] bu tks lcc fc VªkLa ys'ku esa iqfBrs jg.kq vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh c=ky s hv ts okèkkjs ykb dfgM+k tru t+:jh vkfgu \ eksgu % gj 'kgj] cLrhv esa flaèkh Dykl 'kq: fFk;uA vlka ^^ysV vl yuZ flaèkh** ukys lka lhMh R;kj dbZ vkgsA dEI;wVj ts t+fj, fc lk¶+Vos;j yksM djs oèkhd ek.gqfu [ks flaèkh ls[kkjs lf?kts FkhA v'kksd % rOgkatks uvksa fe'ku \ eksgu % vfuyk lqna j tsdks ^flaèkq èkkjk* ukys lka cSys lts= eqYd esa is'k djs jgh vkgs] mu th fLØIV ewa R;kj dbZ vkgsA oklnso eksghv ts dforkmu tks fganhv ,sa vaxzt s h+ v esa rtqZeks d;ks vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh c=ky s hv ,sa lkfgR; ykb dk ub± Ldhe rOgkats eu esa gwna h] mu ckcr cqè= kkb±nk \ eksgu % iqjk.ks ys[kdu th ikaMqfyfi;qfu tks dysD'ku t+:jh vkgsA ewa flaèkq th flUèkkykWthv [ks nj[+okLr dbZ vkgs r bu flyflys esa lgdkj djs vlka[ks ^fgUnqLrku ykb* iqjk.ks 'kk;ju twa ewy fLØIV fn=;.k tks Q+Slyks oBuA vfgM+k nqyZHk nLrkost+ fgUnqLrku esa ekbØks fQ+Ye Bgjk, j[kh l?ktu FkkA yanu th bafM;k yk;czjs h esa fi.k gt+kjsa flaèkh fdrkc vkfguA v'kksd % flaèkh fyfiv ts b'kw rs Nk ohpkj j[kUnk vkfg;ks\ eksgu % ftu c=kfs y;qu tks tqnk izkra dksUgs mUgu ts fodkl th

lqfg.kk flaèkh 73

lqfg.kk flaèkh 74

tokcnkjh ljdkj th vkgsA vjch ,sa nsoukxjhv esa da f ga fgd fyfiv [ks ekU;rk fn= ; .k th x= k fYg fgu oD+r [+kRe Fkh pqdh vkgsA jkseu esa fc fyf[k;ks Fkks o¥sA oD+r ik.k bgks Q+Slyks n=bZ Nfn=;ks vkgs r fyfiv tks b'kw cs e kuh vkgs A vjchv lka xn= k s x n= q nsoukxjhv ts ys[kdu [ks Lohdkj d;ks Fkks o¥sA v'kksd % rOgkatks ilanhnk ys[kd \ eksgu % 'kkg vCnqy yrhQ+] esfDle xksdhZ] Hks:ey esgjpan] ykypan vejfn=uksey] 'ks[+k v;kt+ lka oèkhd izHkkfor vkfg;kaA v'kksd % rOgkath jpuk izfØ;k ts ckjs esa t=k.k.kq pkghUnqlA dfgM+h foèkk oèkhd ilan dank vkfg;ks \ eksgu % dafga oD+r fc dks ohpkj b±nks vkgs r fy[kh oBUnks vkfg;ka] ohpkj [ks dfgM+ks QkeZ fn=ts bgks iksb r; dUnks vkfg;kaA fy[k.k rs ifgjha ?k.kks lksphUnks vkfg;ka ij fy[k.k [kka iks b jpuk i<+ U nks fc dks u vkfg;ka A dgk.kh] vkt+kn uT+e] et+ewu fy[k.k ilan vkgsA v'kksd % rOgkatks ilanhnk flaèkh xk;d \ eksgu % n=qf[k;ks loky vkgsA ?ku';ke oklok.kh ,sa egs'k panz c=bZ eqafgatk I;kjk nksLr vkfguA ij ekLrj panz tafga ifjokj eka vk;k ,sa flaèk lka xn=ksxn=q fgan esa iafgats xhru th ekSt epkbZ mgk rokjh[+kh x=kfYg vkgs A v'kksd % flaèkh c=ksyhv ts fodkl ykb ljdkj ikjka FkhanM+ dksf'k'kwa dsfrfj;wa Bhd vkfgu \ eksgu % flafèk;qu th vkcknhv ts eku lka ljdkj ikjka [+kpqZ FkhanM+ iSlks ?kfV vkgsA tsdn=fga 1956 esa Hkk"kkmu ts vkèkkj rs lwcu ts Bkfg.k [kka iksb flafèk;qu ,sa flaèkh c=ky s hv ykb tqnk izkra dksu Bkfg;ks ,sa bgks r; fFk;ks r vfgfM+;qu c=kfs y;qu ykb fgdq&fgdq djksM+ :i;k lkykuk [+kpZq FkhankA vtq= th rkjh[+k esa vksfrjks iSlks [+kpZq dksu Fkks

fFk,A vlka t h odkyr fc det+ k s j vkgs ] bu djs lekt uqd+lku cnkZ'r djs jghs vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh fdrkcu [ks dhva ek.gqu rkb± igqpkbts \ eks g u % vlka fgUnq L rku ea s fVfM+ ; y&i[kfM+ ; y vkfg;w a A fdrkc ?kfV Fkk Nitu ,sa Nitu Fkk r fMyhojh flLVe lgh dks U gs A fla è k ts ds - Vh- ,u- pS u y tfgM+k pSuy fc dksUguA v'kksd % vOgka uT+e ,sa ulqj fc=Ugh esa fyf[k;ks vkgsA oèkhd lq[kq dfgM+h fdLe th jkbfVax esa eglwl dank vkfg;ksA eksgu % dforkmfu tk eqfgatk c= eteqvk ^eqfgatks uxj dfgM+ks vk* ¼2001½ ,sa ^iksiV idM+hUns* ¼1995½ 'kk;k fFk;k vkfguA tk fprk;e fpr esa ¼1995½ ,sa >ydwa ¼1998½ fdrkc i<+UnM+u rkb± igqrk vkfguA ij ew[a ks ulqj fy[k.k esa oèkhd vkuan eglwl Fkhanks vkgsA flUèkq tks bfrgkl i<+Uns ,sa ohpkjhUns fgd lt=h lH;rk th rLohj lkEgwa b±nh vkgsA bgks fdrkcq ,u-lh-ih-,l-,y- ts vokMZ ykb fc flysDV fFk;ks A v'kksd % vkf[+kjhv esa vokMZ ckcr rOgkatk jk;k t=kM+.kq pkghUnqlA 2006 esa rOgka[ks vf[ky Hkkjr flaèkh c=ksyh ,sa lkfgR; lHkk ts lkfgR; iq j Ldkj ykb pw a f M;ks fo;ks vkgs ] dhva yx= k s \ eksgu % dafga fc ys[kd [ks vokMZ fey.k lka [+kq'kh r Fkhanh vkgs A [+ k kl djs tn= f ga vokMZ Vks V y ;ks x nku [ks fn= l h fn= u ks o;ks gq t s A ts d n= f ga bgks vokMZ lHkk tks u Fkh djs ljdkjh gqts gka r 'kk;n eka dksu oBka gka A

lqfg.kk flaèkh 75

lqfg.kk flaèkh 76

eksgu xsgk.kh Mh 2@16] pkj beyh] Hkksiky&462016 Qksu % 0755&4252909 eks- 9425735333

fojgk³s tks vljq u :x=ks flfUèk;qfu ts jkstx+kj] ekyh gkyr] fj'ru] jgokl rs fi;ks ij lfHkuh [kka oèkhd eu rs fc fi;ksA dyk] laLÑfr] lkfgR; gkf'k, rs vph o;kA fnysj flaèkh lekt dq>q oD+r esa bZ okil ifgaft;qfu ikM+qfu [ks x=kYs gs orksZA yksd laxhr] yksd xhr ,sa iqjkf.k;qfu jLeqfu lekt [ks lq¥k.ki [+kre fFk;.k [kka cpk;ksA mYgkluxj esa MkW- ukjk;.k Hkkjrh ?kj&?kj rkb± flaèkh lkfgR; igqpkb.k th eqfge gykbZA vtq= fgUnqLrku esa MkW- ukjk;.k Hkkjrh flaèkh lekt tks lPpks 'ksod c.kth lqBks lkfgR; eqgS;k djkb.k okju 'k[lu esa 'kqekj vkgsA mYgkluxj ts y{eh ekdsZV th flaèkh VkbEl ts vkWfQl esa ewa MkW- Hkkjrhv lka 1947&48 twa x=kfYg;wa dj.kq 'kq: d;wa r fgd [kka fgd u;w& a u;wa dgkf.k;wa lkEgwa vk;wAa v'kksd % rOgkats mYgkluxj esa ?kj&?kj rkb± fdrkc igqpkb.k tks Nk ed+ln gks \ MkW- Hkkjrh % fojgk³s [kka flafèk;qfu tk eu VqVh i;k gqvkA fc=u

oDr th jksVh r fey.k yx=h gqbZ ij ckSf)d cq[k feVkb.k ykb dk fc dks f 'k'k dks u Fkh gq b Z A bgks fn= l h ea q f ga t s eu es a lkfgR; ts ekQZ r lekt [ks fnekxh rkS j rs ft+ a n g j[k.k th x= k fYg t+ : jh yx=hA v'kksd % rOgkath bgk eqghe dsfrjks oD+r gyh \ MkW- Hkkjrh % vt=q rkb± gyh jgh vkgsA mu oD+r xkaèkhv tks eMZj fFk;ks r iqfyl flafèk;qfu ts iqfB;ka yx=h obZA ewa yk;czjs h gykb.k ts tqeZ esa tsy o¥.k [kka iksb fc iafgath eqghe can dksu dbZA v'kksd % iqyhl th fuxkg esa rOgka dhva vk;k \ MkW- Hkkjrh % n=hga a jkr cl fgd bZ èkqu jgUnh gqbZA gj flaèkhv rkb± lkfgR; igqpkb.k th] cl iqyhl [ks yx=ks gh 'k[lq lekt [ks cjx+yk, jfg;ks vkgsA eka iafgats lkfFk;qfu eksgu dYiuk] fxjèkkjhyky euok.kh ,sa eksgu xksX;k lka xn=q ohlkiqj esa n=s<q eghuks tsy esa jgh vk;qlA v'kksd % rOgkats tsy o¥.k lka eqghe r can Fkh obZ gwna h \ MkW- Hkkjrh % u] dq> ukStokuu ykbczjs h gykb±nk jfg;kA vlkats tsy o¥.k rs fxjèkkjhyky ts ua<s Hkkm lnksjes y euok.khv ,sa fc=;u lkfFk;qfu bgk eqghe pkyw j[khA lpipq vgM+k lPpk flaèkh vlkats lekt tks 'kkuq vkfguA v'kksd % yksd vnc tka rOgka ohg fdrkc fyf[k;k vkfgu] Nk rOgka [ks ik.k larks"k vkgs \ MkW- Hkkjrh % tsdn=fga ohg fc=;k fc fy[kka rn=fga fc larks"k dksu FkhanksA ys[kd th dksf'k'k lnkb± lekt esa tkx`fr iSnk dj.kq Fkhanh vkgsA ewa iafgats lkekftd edln ykb vt=q fc fy[k.k tks flyflyks can dksu d;ks vkgsA v'kksd % rOgka ik.k iafgats dfgM+s fdrkc lka oèkhd eqrebZu vkfg;ks \ MkW- Hkkjrh % yksd xhru tks fdrkc gkstekyks] FkVh yksdxhr] ut+j ,sa ut+fj;ks] fgfdM+ks gks lkSnkxj ¼yksd dgkf.k;w½a

lqfg.kk flaèkh 77

lqfg.kk flaèkh 78

MkW- ukjk;.k Hkkjrh

fla è kh yks d dyk ¼ys [ k] nLrkos t + ] dgk.kh la x z g ½ lE; lkFkh lksuks] laxhr th rku] [+kkl ilan vkfgu ,sa eka pkghanks vkfg;ka bgs fdrkc oèkhd esa oèkhd ek.gqfu rkb± igqpuA v'kksd % ub± Vgh lkfgR; th dfgM+h foèkk esa oèkhd :>ku Fkh n=s[kkjs \ rOgka yksd vnc ts izpkj ykb dfgM+k d+ne [k.k.kq t+:jh ¥hank vkfg;ks \ MkW- Hkkjrh % ub± Vgh dfork th nhokuh vkgsA dgk.kh] ys[k laLej.k fy[k.k okjk ,sa yksd vnc tks flaèkh rtqZeks dj.k okjk ?kfV vkfguA rkt+ks eè;izns'k ts dVuh 'kgj esa dgk.kh odZ'kki esa ukStokuu cgjks orksZ ,sa ew[a ks larks"k fFk;ks r dgk.khv th foèkk esa nksLr fnypLih n=[s kkfju FkkA ij] yksd vnc tks tsdks olksZ flaèkh lekt oV vkgs] mu tks d+nqjq ub± Vghv [ks dksUgsA mEesn vkgs vdknfe;wa ,sa ,u-lh-ih-,l-,y- fgu n=l esa dksf'k'kwa oèkkb±fn;wAa MkW- ukjk;.k Hkkjrh 56] ghjk gkmflax lkslk;Vh] mYgkluxj ¼egkjk"Vª½

MkW- cyjke VfgY;k.kh is'ks [kka MkDVj Fkh djs d+ye ,sa lekt'ksok tk dhfrZeku Bkfg.k okjs MkW- cyjke VfgY;k.khv lka eqykd+kr dj.k [kka iksb b,a yx=Unks vkgs r flaèkh lekt esa vfgM+k c=gqeq[kh izfrHkk tk 'k[l vk³fj;qfu rs x=.k.k tsfrjk vkfguA x=kfYg;qfu th 'kq:vkr gky&vgoky oB.k lka Fkh ,sa iksb lt=ks fgdq Dykd eka MkWcyjke lka :c: gq;qlA v'kksd % MkW- lkgc] MkDVjh is'ks esa jgUns lekt'ksok ts ikls >qdko dhva fFk;ks \ MkW- cyjke % ew[a ks yx=ks jkstx + kj ts djs r gj 'k[+l jksth+ &jksVhv tks bart+ke djs oBUnks vkgs] dq>q vfgM+ks deq dts thva dafga balku [ks enn feys ,sa mu twa ijs'kkfu;wa ?kfV Fkh l?kuA v'kksd % MkW- lkgc] fgu oDr rkb± MkDVjh dans 'ksok tk dsfrjk dk;Z d;k vFko \ MkW- cyjke % lt=s eqYd esa vVdy Vsª lo vkbZ dSEil~ vkxZukbt+

lqfg.kk flaèkh 79

lqfg.kk flaèkh 80

d;wa vkfguA vkijs'kUl th rknkn Vªhgu gt+kju [kka oèkhd gwna hA lpipq eaqfgats ykb ekuork ts fgu dk;Z esa iafgatwa 'ksokÅa fn=;.k rlYyhv th x=kfYg vkgsA v'kksd % rOgkatks vkè;kRe th fn'kk esa dhva dne ofèk;ks \ MkW- cyjke % xhrk ,sa fc=;u èkkfeZd xzFa ku [ks if<+;ks r b,a eglwl fFk;ks r lekt esa uSfrd f'k{kk ykb dq>q dj.k [kisA cl iksb vkè;kRe ,sa èkeZ rs ysDpj fn=;.k 'kq: d;kA lt=s eqYd esa ?kqeh ek.gqfu rkb± iafgatk ohpkj igqpk;kA v'kksd % ifCyd dfgM+s xzFa k twa x=kfYg;wa ilan danh vkgs \ MkW- cyjke % lfHkuh xzFa ku esa balku ykb ijksidkj] izes ,sa xfn=th jg.k tks lan's k vkgsA eqfa gatk ysDpj bUgu fo"k;u rs Fkhank vkfgu] ij lfHkuh [kka oèkhd ysDpj ilan d;ks osUnks vkgs&^lq[k th pkgr ,sa mu[ks gkfly dj.k tks jLrksA* v'kksd % Nk flaèkh lar] egkRek lekt [ks ekxZn'kZu n=bZ fc=;u c= k s f Y;u] et+ g cu th Hks V es a tx= g c.kk, lf?k;k vkfgu \ MkW- cyjke % flaèkh lar ,sa egkRekmfu fc iafgath fl[;kÅa lt=s lalkj esa igqpk;wa vkfguA eaqfgatks ut+fj;ks èkeZ] Hkk"kk rkb± egnwn dksUgsA ewa Hkx=oku egkohj] JhÑ".k] izHkq ;h'kw] xq:ukud nso] lar dchj ,sa fc=;u lwQh+ laru th ok.kh iafgats ysDpju ts ekQ+Zr voke rkb± igqpkbZ vkgsA v'kksd % rOgkatk ifCyds'ku \ MkW- cyjke % c= fdrkc 'kk;k fFk;k vkfguA bgs fdrkc fganhv esa vkfgu ,sa us«k LokLFk ,sa fljnnZ lka okcLrk vkfguA eqfa gatk ys[k èkeZ;qx] euksjek] dFkkyksd] fganoklh] dsjos ku] lfjrk] eqDrk esa fc 'kk;k Fkhank vkfguA MkW- cyjke VfgY;k.kh ^lpnso* oh.kk us«k fpfdRlky;] exjkikjk] tjgkHkkVk ekxZ fcykliqj&495001 ¼NÙkhlx<+½ eks- 9993041500 lqfg.kk flaèkh 81

v'kksd cqyk.kh flaèkh fFk;sVj tks ukyks oBans bZ] Hkksiky tks lqfg.kks] t+ghu fgnk;rdkj] dykdkj] t+gu rs rjh Fkks vps] mgks 'k[+l vkgs] v'kksd cqyk.khA Xokfy;j esa 22 ebZ 1948 rs tue oBh v'kksd cqyk.khv ,e-,- ,sa dkuwu th rkyhe orhZ vkgs A Ldw y es a i<+ a n s lka L Ñfrd tylu es a cfgjks oBh iafgath fnypLihv tks bt+gkj d;ksA dyk eafnj] Xokfy;j ts ikjka ^nqfu;k nhokuh vk iSls th** ukVd lka Mk;jsD'ku th 'kq:vkr djs cqyk.kh vt=q tfga eqdke rs igqrk vkfgu mu ts iqfB;ka ?k.kh egur 'kkfey vkgsA fgd dke;kc fgnk;rdkj ts :i esa v'kksd cqyk.khv [ks Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad] jaxvkèkkj] flaèkw Hkou VªLV] flaèkh lkfgR; ,dsMeh ,sa v[k.M flaèkw lalkj fopkj eap lka xn=ksxn=q fc=;wa laLFkkÅa lEekfur djs pqfd;wa vkfguA ^cSafMVDohu*] ^'kwy* ,sa ^coaMj* tfgfM+;qu fganh fQ+Yequ esa jksy djs v'kksd cqyk.khv iafgath vnkdkjhv lka dyk tx=r esa d+kfcfy;r tks lcwr fn=uks vkgs A ,fDVa x es a fc deky n= s [ kkj.k okjk v'kks d cq y k.kh lqfg.kk flaèkh 82

flafèk;r ts okèkkjs ykb tru djs jfg;k vkfguA 'kghn gsewa dkyk.khv ts ;ksxnku [ks fgUnqLrkuh lekt folkjs u Nn= s bu edln lka dhjr c= k c= k .khv ts fyf[k;y Mª k es ^lwjhv ln=q d;ks* tks 'kks xqt+fj;y n=gu lkyu [kka gj lky Fkh jfg;ks vkgsA ub± Vghv [ks eqYd ts fojgk³s] u,a uewus jksth+ jksVhv ,sa iafgatks LFkkuq Bkfg.k ts cankscLr ykb d;y la?k"kZ ôkjhv lanks dksVq* ¼ys[kd % y[keh f[kyk.kh½ ukVd esa fn=lh lf?kts FkksA v'kksd cqyk.khv ôkjhv lanks dks V * tks cs g rjhu funs Z ' ku d;ks vkgs A ik.k ukVd tk ys[kd bgk x=kfYg iafgath rd+jhj esa poank vkfguA dfgM+ s jks y [ks djs oèk es a oèk la r ks " k eglw l fFk;ks vFko\ bu lq o ky ts tokc es a cq y k.kh c= q è kkb± n k vkfgu ^^jktho oekZ th fgnk;rdkjhv esa ^'k«kqxèa k* esa fgd fof{kIr firk tks jksy djs larks"k fFk;ks ,sa ewa ik.k Mªkes lka ik.k [ks reke oèkhd tqfM+;yq eglwl d;ksA dafga 'k[+l [ks ,fDVax ,s a Mk;js D 'ku es a ia f ga t ks vkn'kZ e¥ha n k vkfg;ks \ bgks lq o ky c= q è kh cq y k.kh vèkq feuV lks p hUns poUnk vkfgu ^^fgu oD+r rkb± r vkfM;Ul th VsLV] t+:jr [ks bZ /;ku esa j[kh fgnk;rdkjh dbZ vkgsA ,fDVax esa jksy th ?kqtZ ,sa ekgkSy ewftc dk;Z danks vkfg;kaA cqtqxZ dykdkju tks iwjks lEeku danks vkfg;kaA** ub± lsp a qjhv ¼2000 [kka iksb½ esa rOgka dfgM+k uoka ukVd Mk;jsDV d;k vkfgu \ lqoky tks tokc n=hUns cqyk.kh c=qèkkb±nk vkfgu r ^lkg rs dfgM+ks Hkjolks*] ^'ky u lqcqg fFk,*] ^HkaHkkjke HkHkwrhv okjks*] ^ls.k tks fVfQ+.k*] ^vk;ks uvksa t+ekuks*] ^xzkmaM ¶+yksj*] êkm eqbZ 'kjkQr th*] êksVew y th es.kcrh*] ^vNh n=k<+h vVks [+kjkc*] êEeh fjVk;j Fkh djs*] ^mHk eka vkbZ gwj* ,sa ^feêhv y/kks eku* xqtfj;y 5&6 lkyu [kka Fkh jfg;k vkfguA flaèkh ukVdu esa dfgM+ks ukVd oèkhd ilan d;ks o;ks vkgs \ lqoky ts tokc esa fgnk;rdkj cqyk.khv tks po.kq vkgs ^^fojgklr** ,sa ^ôkjhv lanks dksV** oèkhd ilan d;k o;k vkfguA fc=;k flaèkh ukVd ^dj.kh Hkj.kh*] îNrko tk x= k s < + k *] ^fdLer tks [ks y *] ^vglkl tks vkbZ u ks * ] ^'ky èkhmj t= e u* ukVd izsfe;qfu [ks of.k;k vkfguA fgUnh ,sa flaèkh ukVdu eka

dfgM+h c=ksyhv [ks oèkhd egRo fn=;.kq pkghUnk vkfg;ks \ eqafgatks loky c=qèkh v'kksd cqyk.kh c=hgj ohpkju th nqfu;k esa xqe Fkh osna k vkfguA dq>q lksphUns pou Fkk&fganhv lka fc lqBks tqM+ko vkgsA fc=Ugh c=ksyh;qu rs /;ku n=hanks vkfg;kaA Nk flaèkhv [ks roTtks n=hUnk vkfg;ks \ v'kksd cqyk.khv rqrZ p;ks&gk] iafgath eknjh c=ksyhv tks LFkku lHk [kka eFks vkgsA ifgjha flaèkh Mªkeks dj.kq ilan danks vkfg;ka] oDr fefy;ks r fganh fc danks vkfg;kaA ftu fgUnh ukVdu esa v'kksd cqyk.khv fdjnkj ts :i esa cfgjks orksZ vkgs frfuesa îaNh ,sls vkrs gSa*] ^'k«kqxaèk*] ^f«k;k pfjr*] ^fx)*] ^,aVhxuh*] ^vthZ*] ^viu rks HkbZ ,sls gh gS a * ,s a ^l[kkjke ckba M j* [+ k kl vkfguA ftu fga n h ukVdu tks v'kksd cqyk.khv funsZ'ku d;ks vkgs frfu esa ^v[kkM+ s ds ckgj*] êkml Vs ª i *] êk fjVk;j gks r h gS * ] ^gR;kjs*] ^byk*] ^vjs 'kjhQ yksx*] ^Nqie NqiS;k*] ^jsLrjka esa nksigj*] ^lkyfxjg*] îxyk ?kksM+k*] êsjh iRuh dk ifr*] ^lSa;k Hk;s dksroky* ,sa ^,d vkSj nzks.kkpk;Z* [+kkl vkfguA v'kksd cqyk.khv eqYd ts e'kwgj fgnk;rdkju ,e- dsjSuk] calh dkSy] czteksgu 'kkg ,sa c- o- dkjar lka xn=kx s n=q Hkksiky ts csgrjhu dykdkju mn; 'kgk.ks] vjfoan fcyxS;k] vfouk'k fuekM+s ,sa fot; fMaMksjdj lka xn=q ukVdu esa vfHku; d;ks vkgsA v'kksd cqyk.khv th e/;izn's k flaèkh fFk;sVj ykb leiZ.k Hkkouk tks bZ ifj.kke vkgs tks Hkksiky esa vusd uou flaèkh dykdkju esa fFk;sVj ykb pkgq iSnk fFk;ks vkgs ,sa flaèkh ukVdu th t=.kq fgd ygj gyh vkgsA v'kksd cqyk.khv iafgats xzqi esa fur uou dykdkju [ks volj n=bZ flaèkh fFk;sVj tks vkb±nks fc mTtoy d;ks vkgsA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 83

lqfg.kk flaèkh 84

v'kksd cqyk.kh] lhfu;j ,e- vkbZ- th &21] Cykd&1 ljLorh uxj] tokgj pkSd] Hkksiky&462003 Qksu % 0755&2771544 eks- 9303117102

Ñ".k [kVok.kh flaèkh lkfgR; txr th t=kry&lq´kry 'kf[l;r vkgsA lqHkko [kka yt=kjs ,sa ?kfV x=kYgkb.k okjs 'k[l ts :i esa Ñ".k [kVok.khv tks ukyks orksZ osna ks vkgsA ftanxhv esa fdLes& a fdLesa twa ijs'kkfu;wa Hkksx.= k [kka iksb fc lkfgR; lkèkuk djs ^;kn fgd I;kj th* ukfoy rs dsUnzh; lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj 1980 esa gklqyq d;ksA Ñ".k [kVok.khv 2005 esa eksgu jkds'k ts ^vk"kk<+ dk ,d fnu* ts flaèkh rtqZes ^vk[kkM+ tks fgdq n=hgq*a ykb fc dsUnzh; lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj gkfly d;ksA c= iqjLdkj gklqyq dj.k okjk Ñ".k [kVok.kh ifgfj;ka flaèkh lkfgR;dkj vkfguA eè;izn's k ykb bgk Q[+kqj th x=kfYg vkgsA flaèkq esa 7 uoEcj 1927 rs t=koy Ñ".k [kVok.khv vesfjdk] dukMk ,sa fc=;u eqYdu tk ?k.ksbZ lQj d;k vkfguA dydÙks esa 'kkafr fudsru esa rkyhe gkfly djs Ñ".k [kVok.khv bZgks lcwr fn=uks r fgd O;olk;h lekt esa jgUns fc lqBk fdrkc i<+h on=u ys[kdu ts laidZ esa jgh] iafgath :fpv [ks ifj"Ñr djs lf?kts

Fkks ,sa dke;kc Fkh lf?kts FkksA bankSj esa vkWVks ikV~Zl th fct+usl esa oD+r n=hUns fc [kVok.kh lkgc ts vanj tks jpukdkj lnkb± rjksrkt+k jfg;ks vkgsA Ñ".k [kVok.khv twa dgkf.k;aw vt=ksds lekt tks vDlq n=s[kkjhUnM+ vkfguA dgkf.k;qu tk fdjnkj flèkk ,sa ljy gw U ns fc dfBu yx= U nk vkfguA bgs fdjnkj ihM+ k ,s a rdyhQ+qu esa jgUns fc lq[k x=ksYghUnk ut+j bZUnk vkfguA ^;kn fgd I;kj th* miU;kl ts fgUnh rtqZesa ^Le`fr ,d izse dh* tks fgUnh lkfgR; tx=r esa lqBks Lokxr fFk;ksA lt=s fgUnqLrku esa fgu miU;kl tks foØks FkhUnks jfg;ksA fgu miU;kl tk ik• uS f rdrk tk felky n= h UnM+ vkfguA ukWos y ts vkf[+ k j es a izs e h ik.k es a x= k YgkbUns & x= k YgkbUns tn= f ga ia f ga t k gFk fgd&fc= , ts ikls oèkkbUnk vkfgu r dkj tk dkp can fFk;.k lcc mUgu tk gFk dkp lka Vdjk, eksVh bZUnk vkfguA izrhd&:i esa lt=h dgk.khv tks varq dafga uSfrd etcwjhv ,sa oD+r ts vkokt+ ts eqrkfcd izfs e;qu tks feyki u Fkh l?k.k lka Fkks fFk,A ^vds y h* es a vpZ u k t= k .kh&c= w > h vfer lka 'kknh dksu Fkh djsA ^lr n=hga *a esa 'kjn ,sa lqferk ijs'kkfu;qu esa f?kfj;y utj bZUnk vkfguA ft+anxhv tks vfgM+ks lpq dgkf.k;q u [ks ;knxkj c= . kk, Nn= h Unks vkgs A ukWosy ^rjanM+ ckny* tk lej ,sa uhfyek fc vfgM+k bZ fdjnkj vkfguA ^gFk twa js[kkÅa* tks gse ,sa ^vèkfyf[ky [+kr* tks ekf.kd fc ijs'kkfu;wa Hkksx=hUnM+ fdjnkj vkfguA ik• dafga vutkus Hko tk f'kdkj fc eglwl Fkhank vkfguA ^iq'rSuh edku* dgk.kh tks fdjnkj 'kkSdr vkb±ns ts izfr ltx vkgsA Hkfo"; esa Hkjolks j[kUns gw iafgath ?kjokjhv egj [ks fc le>k, Fkks ,sa iqjk.kks edku u Nn=.k ykb [ksfl R;kj Fkks djs oBsA ^ekm ,sa èkhm* th #dhv tks iafgatks ft+anxhv tks n'kZu vkgsA gwv fny foUnqjkb.k ykb ?kj esa ikfVZ;& aw egfQ+yaw dksu dUnh vkgs] gquth fpark iafgath

lqfg.kk flaèkh 85

lqfg.kk flaèkh 86

Ñ".k [kVok.kh

ofn= ; w a FkhUnM+ èkhv: ykb lq B k oj x= k s f Yg.k th vkgs A ^chrs fnu* dgk.kh bUlku [ks mu oD+ r xq t + f j;y n= h a g a ;kn Fkh fn= ; kjs tn= f ga gq u th tky dkUrk th fprk c= j h jgh vkgs A fdjnkj x= k Ygk, Fkks & ^dka r k] lq B ks fFk;ks rks ewa[kk ifgjha lalkj Nns=s Nfn=;ks] u r gh ek.gw rks[ks dsfrjks d"Vq fn=;u gk] L•hv tks vdsyks thv.kq dsfrjks nq = f [k;ks vkgs A * ifj;ka vkokt+ vk;ks ^xn= q thv.kq Nk ljy vkgs\* gw lq´k.ks o;ks] vkokt+ lq´kry gksA û dkark b,a u pm] rks[ks fo¥k, eka eglwl Fkks dfj;ka eka rks[ks dsfrjks pkghUnks gqmlA* vkoktq] t=.kq dafga eq'dUnM+ L•hv tks gks& êfM+n] nks [ kks fn= ; .kq [+ k w c t= k .kUnk vkfguA* û dka r k eka vt= q eglwl Fkks dfj;ka gj balkuq lt=h mfej ik.k [ks nks[kks n=hUnks jgUnks vkgsA dgkf.k;qu tk fdjnkj vkRe fo'ys"k.k th ckfg esa c=jUnk utj b±nk vkfguA ^fgd flaèkhv th vkRedFkk* esa izHkqnkl] eqYd ts fojgk³s ts nkSj esa la?k"kZ djs vfx= r s oèk;y fdjnkj vkgs A lt= s dq V q E c es a on= k s gqv.k ts djs izHkqnkl [ks ?kf.k;wa tokcnkfj;wa fuHkkbf.k;wa fFk;wa iofuA iafgats bZ ?kj esa fdjnkj dhva csxkuks Fkh Fkks o´s] bgk x=kfYg dgk.khv esa mfHkjh vkbZ vkgsA fgUnqLrku esa flfUèk;qu th Hkkoukmu ,sa gkyrqu rs ?k.kfu ys[kdu fyf[k;ks vkgs ij Ñ".k [kVok.khv ts fdjnkju th x=kfYg bZ vyx= vkgsA Ñ".k [kVok.kh 5@3] U;w iykfl;k] bUnkSj&452001 ¼e- iz-½ Qksu % 0731&2532952

lqfg.kk flaèkh 87

fo'ofe«k oklok.kh fo'ofe«k oklok.khv tks tueq caxyk] egkjk"Vª] dsjy ;k fc=, dfga lekt] tkrhv esa fFk, gka r lanfl ewY;kadu dj.k okjk ?k.ksbZ feyh o¥u gka] vQlksl vkgs r vlkats èkaèkksMh+ lekt esa dyk tks dksbZ d+nq: dksUgsA mgk dhva lq¥k.ks l?kanh r dykxq: fo'ofe«k oklok.kh dsj vkgs\ fdFks jganks vkgs \ gw vlkats lekt tks Q[+kq: vkgs \ ,T;wds'ku fMikVZesaV esa pkyhg lky ukSdjh dj.k [kka iksb oklok.kh lkfgc fjVk;j fFk;k ,sa Xokfy;j eka mTtSu vph ofl;kA oklok.kh lkfgc tfgM+s e'kgwj fp«kdkj ,sa dyk lkèkd [ks ljdkj ikjka #x=ks Vs gt+kj :i;u th ekgokjh is'a ku rs xqtk+ jks dfj.kks ios FkksA ubZ fnYyhv ts jk"Vªifr Hkou] dukMk] vesfjdk] teZuh] baXyS.M ,sa fgUnqLrku ts dsrjfu bZ fc=;u 'kgju esa fo'ofe«k twa izn'kZfu;wa yx=h pqfd;wa vkfgfuA vt=q mfej ts fgu vk[+kjhu nkSj esa igqph fo'ofe«k lekt th cs:[kh eglwl djs jfg;k vkfgfuA lqfg.kk flaèkh 88

tqykbZ 2001 esa c= g¶+rk vLirky esa HkrhZ jg.k djs fo'ofe«k lkfgc ea w [ ks ba V jO;w fn= ; .k es a ykpkjh eglw l djs jfg;k gqvk] ewa [ksfu c=qèkk;ks r eka c= Dykd fHkVd.k [kka iksb rOgka rkb± eqf'dy lka igqph lf?k;ks vkfg;kaA bgks c= q è kh oklok.kh lkfgc n= k <k [kq ' k fFk;k ,s a eq a [ ks ba V jO;w fn= ; .k ykb jkth Fkh o;kA ia f gtks ifjp; fn= ; .k [kka iksb eka oklok.kh lkfgc [kka lqoky iqN.k 'kq: d;kA v'kksd % fgu oD+r Nk djs jfg;k vkfg;ks \ fo'ofe«k % mgksbZ iqjk.kks 'kkSd a q dk;eq vkgsA fp«k Bkfg.k tksA gkVZ th rd+yhQ+ [kka iksb dqN QdqZ fi;ks vkgsA gk.ks mUghv rsth+ v lka deq dj.kq nqf= [k;ks Fkks yx=As gFk n=d.k yx=k vkfguA v'kksd % fgr mTtSu esa oD+rq dhva fi;ks dfVts \ fo'ofe«k % fgr ew[a ks ds lqBk nksLr ¼x+Sj flaèkh½ fefy;k vkfgfuA chekjhv es a fc mgs bZ yks d y nks L r dfe vk;kA dkfynkl vdknehv lka v¥k tqfM+;y vkfg;kaA c= lky ifgjha flaèkh lekt mTtSu okjfu fgd izksxzke esa ?kqjk;ks gksA c=kju [ks dyk tks izf'k{k.k fn=;.k lka csgn larks"k feyanks vkgsA mTtSu esa okd.kdj 'kksèk laLFkku okjk fi.k gkyq pkyq oBank jgank vkfguA v'kksd % nknk ew[a ks t=k.k vkgs r rOgka[ks dsrjk bZ buke fey;y vkfgu ,frjk buke ,sa lEeku gkfly dj.k [kka iksb gk.ks rOgka larks"k tks vuqHko dank gwna k \ fo'ofe«k % dykdkj [ks iafgatks deq dj.k lka tsdks larks"k gklqyq Fkhanks vkgs lks buke fey.k lka u FkhUnks vkgsA vycr gkSlyk vQ+tk+ bZ t+:j FkhUnh vkgsA v'kksd % rOgka e/;izn's k flaèkh lkfgR; vdknehv tk vxw.= kk esEcj fi.k jfg;k vkfg;ks] Nk vt=q dYg vdknehv lka dksbZ tqMk+ o vkgs ;k u \ fo'ofe«k % eqfa gats rjQ+ka gj laLFkk ,sa 'k[+l [ks lg;ksx= jganks vkgsA dafga ek.gwv tks 'kÅj bZ eqfa gats vuqdy w u gqts r

muesa eka Nk Fkks djs l?kka \ ¼eqfa gts loky th eksV esa nknk ts bUghv fgd u,a loky eqafgats fny [ks Vks M + s Nfn= ; ks A ½ v'kksd % rOgkatks dyk tks deq vyx= uewus tks vkgs] rOgkath dYiuk'khyrk foy{k.k e¥h osanh vkgs] vt=q ts nkSj th fp«kdyk ts ckjs esa vOgkatks Nk jk;ks vkgs \ fo'ofe«k % ukStoku vkfVZLV lqBks deq djs jfg;k vkfguA Hkkjr Hkou tk dykdkj ,sa vuar pkyhlxkaodj tfgM+k izfrHkk'kkyh fp«kdkj eqfa gatk 'kkfxnZ jfg;k vkfguA ij] ekMuZ vkVZ ts ukys lka dqN fp«kdkj vfgM+ks deq djs jfg;k vkfgu tsdks vFkZghuq yx=Unks vkA lLrh e'kgwjh ,sa jkrksja kr dykdkj c.kt.k ykb 'kkVZdV jLrks oB.k yx=Unk vkfguA v'kksd % fp«kdkjh lka xn=kx s n=q QksVx s zkQh] fot+q,ykbt+'s ku ,sa Mªkek ykb fi.k rOgka deq d;ks vkgsA dfgM+h foèkk esa oèkhd lq[k eglwl d;ks vFko \ fo'ofe«k % oèkhd lq[k fp«kdkjhv esa bZ feyUnks vFkfeA fdrkcu ,sa eSXt+hUl ykb vkdYiu ,sa js[kkadu dj.k es a fc vkuUnq b± n ks vkgs A ij vt= q dYg gFku ts dEcM+ djs mgks deq dj.k esa n=q[kk;kbZ eglwl djs jfg;ks vkfg;ka A v'kksd % Xokfy;j th ;kn b±nh gwna o \ fo'ofe«k % bgks LokHkkfod vkgsA ft+na xhv tk pkyhg lky tafga 'kgj esa ?kkfj;k gqtfu muth ;kn r gj iy b±nh bZA ij Hkksiky] fnYyh ,sa fc=;qfu tx=g;qfu rs eq a f ga t k nks L r] iz s e h vkfguA dn= f ga & dn= f ga mUgfu lka lEidqZ Fkhanks jganks vkgsA mTtSu esa et+s lka oD+rq dfVth jfg;ks vkgsA v'kksd % fp«kdyk ts [ks«k esa flaèkh lekt th fnypLih dhva oèkk, lf?kts Fkh \ fo'ofe«k % dykizes h lekt dafga fc dyk [ks ej.kq u n=hna h vkgsA fct+ul s ts ikls >qdkm j[k.k okjh flaèkh lekt esa fp«kdkj]

lqfg.kk flaèkh 89

lqfg.kk flaèkh 90

dykdkj] xk;d] laxhrdkj ,sa gk.ks lkfgR;dkj fi.k ?kfV vkfguA 'kgj&'kgj esa iznf'kZfu;wa yx=k, flaèkh lekt esa dyk th Hkkouk tx=k, lf?kts FkhA laLFkkÅa bgks deq djs l?kfu fFk;w a A fla è kw Hkou Hkks i ky ,s a y[kuÅ okju [ks ewa lq>km fn=uks gks&fgd vfgM+h ijekus a V uq e kb'k yx= k bfu ta f ga e s a fo'o th egku flaèkh laLÑrhv th >yd fn=l.k ykb feysA lccq mgks lHkq lkdkj u Fkh lf?k;ksA lccq mgs t=k.kfuA v'kksd % oklok.kh lkfgc] rOgka iafgatwa lHkq isafVaXl laHkkys jf[k;wa vkfgu \ fo'ofe«k % eqfa gats ykb bgs isfa VaXl bZ thv.k tks olhyks vkfguA bUgu is a f Va X l ts fop es a bZ eka lt= k s n= h a g a q lkgq [k.kUnks vkfg;ka A fo'ofe«k oklok.kh 102] Jhth vikZVesaV] lkaosj jksM] mTtSu&456010 Qksu % 0734&2518149

lqfg.kk flaèkh 91

Hkx=oarh ukok.kh lt=h ft+na xh laxhr [ks bZ ifgatks gejkg c.kk;kbZ ,sa Q+dr+ 46 lkyu th glhu ft+na xh ek.ks] 22 vDVwcj 1986 rs Q+kuh nqfu;k [ks vyfonk d;kb±A iafgats vkokt+ ts tknwv lka flafèk;r tks x=kVq Åpks d;kb±A xhr&laxhr ts 'kSnk;qu [ks ,frjks foUnqjk;kb± tks vt=q fc lanfl x=k;y xhr gj flaèkhv ts piu rs oj oj vph osUnk vkfguA lnk g;kr Hkx=ora hv tks vkoktq+ ?kj&?kj esa lq[keuh lkgc ts ekQ+Zr igqrks vkgs tsdks :gkuh 'kkafr Fkks c[+'ksA Hkx=ora hv tks xq: gks flaèkh laLÑfr dehZ xksfoUn ekYghA ik.k ekYgh lkgc fyf[k;ks vkgs r 1974 esa fnYyhv esa vf[ky Hkkjr flaèkh c=ky s h ,sa lkfgr lHkk tks vokMZ QaD'ku gks ,sa c= n=hga a ifgjha lsUVªy lkfgR; vdknehv ikjka ew[a ks ^I;kj th I;kl* ukoy rs vokMZ fefy;ks gksA rn=fga fddhv ¼Hkx=ora h ukok.kh½ [ks okèkk;wa fn=;.k ykb banzdqekj xqtjky lkgc vk;y gqvkA mUgu fif.k Hkx=oarhv [ks p;ks ^^tsfrjks lksfp;ks gks mu[kka oèkhd lqBks x=kbZUnh vkgha] okèkk;w*a *A lqfg.kk flaèkh 92

bZgks v[kj c=qèkh ewa[ks lHk [kka oèkhd [+kq'kh Fkh ,sa dhjr c= k c= k .khv lka xn= k s & xn= q lfHkuh fla è kh lkfgR;dkju th fny [kq'k Fkh ,sa lt=h flaèkh lekt tks ekuq ofèk;ksA iksb xqtjky lkgc xksfoUn ekYghv [ks bgks fc p;ks r tsdn=fga eqYd tks fojgk³ks u fFk, gka r Hkx=ora h] flaèk ts flafèk;qu lka fc :c: Fkh iafgatk lqfg.kk eèkqj xhr c=qèkk, l?ks gkaA vt=q ekYgh lkgc ,sa Hkx=ora h c=bZ g;kr gqtu gk r flaèk ,sa fgan ts fop ofèk;y vpq o¥q ,sa fj'ru [ks lqèkkj.k ckcr FkhUnM+ dksf'k'kqfu tk xokg c.kth l?ku gkA ;k fc=Ugha eqydu fop laxhr ts ek/;e lka oèkhd esy feyki esa lgHkkx=h cf.ktu gkaA iafgath ft+na xhv esa fgUnqLrku ts 'kgj&'kgj esa o¥h flafèk;r th tksr tx=kb.k okjh Hkx=ora hv lka Vsª eqykdkrwa fFk;wAa lkxj] eqca bZ ,sa jk;iqj esAa Hkx=ora hv ts xhru th nqfu;k esa xqe Fkh b,a eglwl Fkhanks gks t=.kq lqx=Z tks lSj djs jfg;k vkfg;waA djkphv esa tlwey ukok.khv ts ?kj tue oBh Hkx=ora hv yksdew y gsejktk.khv [kka laxhr th fl[;k orhZA jkst fj;kt+q dj.k ts use Hkx=ora hv [ks Åpks LFkkuq fn=;kfj;ksA xhr] Hkt=u] yksyh] vksjk.kk] okbZ lfHkuh xk;u 'kSfy;qu esa x=kb.k okjh Hkx=ora h fgd fQYe flaèkqv ts fdukjs esa crkSj ghjksbu vfHku; fc d;ksA Hkx=ora hv flaèkhv lka xn=q fganh ,sa caxyk esa fc xhr x=k;kA Hkx=oarhv caxyk fQYe ^fcjkt cgw* esa xhrq x=k;ksA Hkx=oarhv lfHkuh [kka oèkhd xhr e'kgwj flaèkh 'kkbj xksoèkZu Hkkjrhv tk fyf[k;y x=k;k ,sa ;qxy xhr lrjke jks f gM+ k lka xn= q x= k ;kA mfej ts vkf[kjh yEgs a rkb± x= k b± n h xq u xq u kb± n h jghA Hkx= o a r hv ts x= k b.k th on= s esa on=h [+kkfl;r bgk gqbZ r oSjk;Vhv esa x=k;kb±] thva fganh xk;u esa fd'kksj dqekj gj fdLe tk xhr x=k;k] flaèkhv esa Hkx=oarhv bgks deky djs ns=[kkfj;ksA Hkx=oarhv ts lqjhyu ;knxkj xhru th Q+gfjLr reke on=h vkgsA

lq[keuh lkfgc [kka lokb flaèkh fQ+Yeh laxhrdkj ,sa xk;d cqyks lh- jk.kh lka xn=q x=k;y lqfg.kh&esgj tks xhr ^^rwa gqu ikj r eka fgu ikj] ftLe tqnk fny ukgs èkkj** eèkqjrk th bargk vkgsA xks o èkZ u Hkkjrhv tks jfp;y c= k jM+ u tks xhrq ] ^^vks uaf<M+k 'ksj vk] oèkk, isj vk** ekm th c=kj ykb eerk [ks lqju lka ltk, Hkx=oarhv vej c.kk;ks vkgsA Hkrkj ts [k+r ts bart+kj ,sa fojg esa ukj th rM+Q tks bt+gkj dj.k okjks xhrq ^ ^ Vikyh ?kks V tks [+ k rq ns = [ kkj** vus d ykn= k Hkt= u ] ns ' kHkx= r h xhr x= k , Hkx= o a r hv u flQZ fla f èk;q f u ts fny esa LFkku Bkfg;ks ij lewjs eqYd eas fla/kh laxhr th [kq'kcw QgykbZ vkgsA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 93

lqfg.kk flaèkh 94

yrk Hkx=fr;k.khv [ks lfHkuh [kka ifgjha 1989 esa c=qèk.k tks ekS d ks fefy;ks A xks f cUn ekYgh lka xn= q Hkks i ky es a izksxzke fn=;.k vkbZ yrk laxhr ts izfr iafgats leiZ.k ,sa lk/kuk tks lcw r fn= u ks vkgs A eq a c bZ ts cs c h yrk vt= q yrk fo'kuk.kh vkgs A yrk ia f ga t s thou lkFkh lq u hy fo'kuk.khv lka xn= q [kq ' k ft+ U nxh th jgh vkgs A yrk vt=q fc x=kbZ.k tks fj;kt+ jkst+ dUnh vkgs ,sa fdFkka fc izksxzke ykb uha< fey.k rs dks'k'k djs t:j osanh vkgsA xhr la x hr [ks tq u w u e¥.k okjh yrk fla / kh lekt es a x= k bdh] jhfeDl] ia f ga t s ds f j;j th 'kq : vkr ,s a fc= ; u fo"k;u rs iafgatk ohpkj csckdh lka O;Dr d;kA v'kksd % laxhr th nqfu;k esa dhva izos'k fFk;ks \ yrk % mYgkluxj esa lar izHkkjke lkfgc th olhZv esa igfj;ks a nQ+ k s x= k ;ks ] lkjkg feyh r x= k b.k 'kq : djs Nfn= ; ks ] rn= f ga eq a f ga t h mez 9 lky gq b Z A

v'kksd % fdFks&fdFks izksxzke fFk;k vFko \ yrk % fgUnq L rku ts ?k.ku bZ 'kgju es a iz k s x z k e fn= u k vkfguA fc= ; u eq Y du eka fc Fkh vkbZ vkfg;ka A nqcbZ] flaxkiqj] gkaxdkax] vesfjdk] vfÝdk] ikfdLrku Fkh vkbZ vkfg;kaA v'kksd % izksxzke is'k dj.k th 'kq:vkr dhva Fkh \ yrk % 'kq : v es a nknk lrjke jks g M+ k lka xn= q x= k ;ks A eq a f ga t k firk >keunkl Hkx= f r;k.kh e'kgw j xkf;dk Hkx= o a r h ukok.khv lka <ks y d ot= k b± n k gq v kA vt= q ea q f ga t s ukys lka xz q i gyUnks vkgs A ta f ga t ks ukyks vkgs&yrk E;wft+dy xzqiA v'kksd % 'kq:vkrh nkSj esa dq>q ijs'kkfu;wa fc vk;wa \ yrk % dkQh ijs'kkfu;wa vk;wa] felky ykb izksxzke [kka iksb ek.gw poUnk gqvk yrk ik.k Fkh x=k, ;k Hkx=oarhv th dSlsV osBh ot=k, \ ij ewa ifgath lkèkuk can dks u dbZ ] vtq = ew a [ ks la r ks " k vkgs ia f ga t s fj;kt] iafgath egur ,sa èkqu esa yx=h jgka FkhA v'kksd % bgk x=kfYg r Fkh n'kZdu th] Nk ifjokj ikjka dksbZ ijs'kkuh \ yrk % vlqy dksu vkbZA eqafgats firk ik.k eaw[ks fgeFkk;ksA dykdkj fFkv.k ykb eqfa gats firk vx=rs oèkk;ksA ekxZn'kZd cf.k;kA fgu lky 'kknh Fkh vkgsA eaqfgatks ifr lquhy fc eqfa gats x=kb.k lka [+kq'k vkgs] eka iafgath xhr laxhr th ;k«kk rs oèkh jgh vkfg;kaA v'kksd % laxhr esa jhfeDl ts ckjs esa Nk lksphUnk vkfg;ks \ yrk % dq>q dnqj lgh vkgsA jhfeDl tks vkuan vyx= vkgsA v'kksd % vOgkatks vkn'kZ dsj vkgs \ yrk % nhnh Hkx= o a r h ukok.kh] nknk lrjke jks g M+ k ,s a eq a f ga t k firk >keunkl Hkx= f r;k.kh eq a f ga t k vkn'kZ vkfguA v'kksd % rOgkatks ilanhnk 'kkbj \

lqfg.kk flaèkh 95

lqfg.kk flaèkh 96

yrk Hkx=fr;k.kh

yrk % ijljke ft+ ; k] lpy ljeLr ,s a ckck cq y s ' kkg] bUgu [ks i<+ . kq ,s a x= k b.kq lq B ks yx= U nks vkgs A v'kksd % dafgats x=kb.k lka izHkkfor vkfg;ks \ yrk % Hkx=oarh ukok.kh] vkfcnk ijohu] txthr flag ,sa yrk eaxs'kdj lka izHkkfor vkfg;kaA v'kksd % dn=fga lHk [kka oèkhd [+kq'kh Fkh \ yrk % eqfa gath 'kknhv oD+r Fkh] Nks tks ft+Unxhv tks fgdq uvksa nkSj 'kq: fFk;ksA v'kksd % nqfu;k eas flaèkh lekt tks ukyks dhva Fkhanks \ yrk % flaèkh lekt egurh lekt vkgs] iafgatks ik.k flaèkh lekt tks ukyks bu egur ts djs Fkh jfg;ks vkgs ,sa vx= r s fc Fkha n ks A v'kksd % ft+Unxhv th [+okfg'k \ yrk % xkbdhv esa ukyks dek;ka ,sa flaèkh lekt tks ukyks fc eFks d;kaA yrk Hkx= f r;k.kh] ¼fo'kuk.kh½a ] oh- Vh- lh- xz k m.M] 30 lsD'ku ts lkEgwa] efydk egy] lsd.M ¶yksj] mYgkluxj&4 eks- 09822243503

lqfg.kk flaèkh 97

vuqjk/kk ykyok.kh Hkksiky eka 'kk;k FkhUnM+ ekgokj v[kckj ^v[k.M flaèkw lalkj* th laikfndk ,sa dfo;•h vuqjkèkk ykyok.kh flaèkh i«kdkfjrk es a fgdq vyx= eqdke Bkfg;ks vkgs ,s a v[kckjuohlhv es a lq B ks ukyks df<;ks vkgs A xq t + f j;y iatu lkyu [kka ^v[kaM flaèkw lalkj* iafgatks lkykuk tylks ukV~; ,sa lEeku lekjksg tks vk;kstu fc djs jgh vkgsA fgd [kka fgd u;w& a u;wa jpukRed xfrfofèk;wa dj.kq ,sa u;wa fla è kh iz f rHkkÅa lkEgw a vk.k.kq ^v[k.M fla è kw la l kj* tks [kkl eDln vkgs A Lekfjdk iq j Ldkj] fla è kh iq L rdky;] Qks V ks cS a d th 'kq : vkr lka ^v[k.M fla è kq la l kj* fgd ft+ E es n kj i•dkfjrk th 'kq : vkr dbZ vkgs A *?kw a ? kV* dkO;laxzg th ysf[kdk vuqjkèkk iafgats ?kksV Kkupan lka dqYgs lka dqYgks feyk, gyh jgh vkgsA v'kksd % dforkÅa fy[k.kq 'kq: dhva fFk;ks \ vuqjkèkk % lekt esa FkhUnM+ ?kVukÅa] fy[k.k tks vkèkkj c.ktfUn;wa lqfg.kk flaèkh 98

vkfgu] ewa fc lekt tk gkykr [kkl djs fL•;qu twa ijs'kkfu;wa fn=lh fy[k.kq 'kq: d;ksA v'kksd % v[+kckj uohlhv tfgM+h ykbu esa isj j[k.k tks eD+ln \ vuqjkèkk % lkx=kbs Z eD+ln vkgs] lekt esa vlha jkst+ vfgfM+;aw x=kfYg;wa Fkhafn;wa fn=law Fkk tsds vke ek.gwv rkb± dksu igqph l?ku fFk;wAa lgh ifjiz{s ; esa voke rkb± eSlt s igqpkb.k ykb dks ek/;e t+:jh vkgsA v[+kckj fgdq et+crw t+fj;ks vkgsA v'kksd % ^v[k.M flaèkw lalkj* vt=q lt=s eqYd esa i<+h Fkh o¥s] vkf[+kj dhva bgks eqdke gkfly fFk;ks \ vuqjkèkk % eqfgats thoulkFkh Kkupan ykyok.khv ifgjha flaèkh ;qod ifj"kn ykb fgdq ekgokj cqyfs Vu 'kk;k d;ks] iksb yx=ks bgks de on=h lrg rs fFkv.kq ?kqfjtsA vizy s &1994 esa psVhpaM [kka vlka v[k.M flaèkw lalkj 'kk;k dj.kq 'kq : d;ks A vt= q ts d ks LFkkuq Bkfg;ks vkgs muts iksbrka ?k.kh egur vkgsA v'kks d % v[+ k ckj ykx= h rh 'kk;k dj.k n= q f [k;ks deq vkgsA rOgka[ks dfgfM+;wa ijs'kkfu;wa lkEgwa vk;wa \ vuqjkèkk % 'kq:v esa lgdkj ?kfV fefy;ksA tn=fga c=&Vªs lky fcuk xSi ts v[kckj 'kk;k FkhUnh jgh ,sa vlha lekt ts gj rcds tks gky&vgokyq fn=;.k 'kq: d;ks r lfHkuh tks lg;ksx oèkUnks o;ksA i<+UnM+u [ks bgks Hkjolks fFkv.k yx=ks r ykyok.kh ifjokj lsgrean v[+kckj uohlhv ykb xaHkhj vkgsA v'kksd % Nk Hkkm Kkupan bu nkSj esa dn=fga fujk'k fc fFk;k\ vuqjkèkk % vlqy uA iwjh rkd+r lka iafgats ed+ln esa yx=y jfg;kA eaqfgatks iqV vuqjkx ,sa csch [+kq'kcw v[+kckj [ks 'kk;k djkb.k esa lkFk n=hna k vkfgfuA v[+kckj Nit.k [kka iksb iksfLVax ts de [ks eqLrSnh lka iwjks dj.k esa iwjks ifjokj yx=Unks vkgsA bgks Vhe odZ vlka tks gkSlyks oèkkbUnks vkgs

,sa fujk'kk [ks nwj j[kUnks vkgsA v'kksd % uaf<;wa v[+kck:a foKkiufu th dehv ts djs fc dks u gyh l?kfUn;w a vkfguA rOgka [ ks fc vfgfM+ ; w a eqf'dykrwa vk;wa gwafn;wa \ vuqjkèkk % ljdkj eka tsdks lg;ksx fey.k [kis mgks ?kfV vkgsA fc=;ks izkbosV foKkiu fc vksfrjk loyk dksu feyUnk vkfguA lfClfØI'ku lka v[kckj tks [+kpqZ d<.kks ioUnks vkgsA v'kksd % r Nk bgks ef¥ts r rOgka v[kckj 'kk;k djs [+kkl Qkbnks dksu Fkk oBh l?kksA x`gLFkhv tks [+kpqZ dhva fudjUnks vkgs \ vuqjkèkk % v[+kckj 'kk;k dj.k tks fgdq eD+ln flafèk;r [ks ft+Ung j[k.kq fc gksA [+kpqZ fudjs u fudjs vlka tks ladYi vkgs ^v[k.M flaèkw lalkj* jsX;wyj NitUnh jgsA tsdk tks r vlka tykbZ vkgs mgk tyUnh jgs A jfg;ks lqoky ?kj&[+kpZ tks r mgks vlkats dksvkijsfVo LVksj ,sa fizfVax ts de eka fudjUnks vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh v[kckj uohlhv twa fc=;wa dfgfM+;wa dfe;wa vkfgu\ vuqjkèkk % ldqZys'ku oèkkb.k ykb ik.k truq dj.kks ioUnks vkgsA fjiksVZj lqfB;wa [+kc:a ?kfV eksdyhUnk vkfguA mUgu esa gquj th fc deh vkgsA on=h x=kfYg bgk vkgs r fganh i•dkfjrk lka tqfM+;y flaèkh i•dkj ia f ga t h ekr` H kk"kk es a i•dkfjrk ykb yx= k o dks u Fkk j[kuA v'kksd % rOgka fgd dfo;•hv ts :i esa dfgM+s fdLe twa jpukÅa fy[k.kq ilan Fkk d;ks \ vuqjkèkk % lkekftd folaxfr;wa fn=lh fy[kUnh vkfg;kaA xn=kx s n=q gj ?kVuk [ks i•dkj ts ut+fj, lka fn=lts r dkbZ u dkbZ jpuk R;kj Fkh osUnh vkgsA dfork fy[k.k tks 'kkSd a q gj fo"k; rs ohpkj.k ykb etcwj dUnks vkgsA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 99

lqfg.kk flaèkh 100

v'kksd % lkfgR; esa dafga [ks vkn'kZ e¥hnk vkfg;ks \ vuqjkèkk % flaèkh lkfgR; esa xksfcUn ekYgh ,sa fganh lkfgR; es a egkns o h oekZ ] ve` r k iz h re ew a [ ks iz H kkfor d;ks vkgs A v'kksd % okil vpwa v[+kckj uohlhv ,sa ifCyds'ku rsA rOgka ^v[k.M flaèkw lalkj* [ks fgd ifCy'kj ts :i esa fc LVsfcfy'k dj.k fi, pkfg;ks \ vuqjkèkk % gk] bgk dksf'k'k vlka dbZ gqbZA ij fdrkcu ts foØs tks dks flLVe flaèkh txr esa u gqv.k djs oèkhd fdrkc 'kk;k dku Fkh lf?k;kA v'kksd % Nk rOgka e¥hnk vkfg;ks r ifCyds'ku fct+ul s u gy.k tks lccq iafgath c=ky s hv tks okèkkjks u fFk;.kq fc vkgs \ vuqjkèkk % bgks fgdq lccq Fkh l?ks FkksA ij fy[kUnM+ ykb dk gqc u fFk;.k tks lccq [+kkl vkgsA fdrkcu [ks mgs bZ i<+h jfg;k vkfgu tsds ik.k fy[kh jfg;k vkfguA bgk fgd ry[+ k gd+ h d+ r vkgs A ij fc= ; u c= k s f Y;q u es a fc i<+.k okjk ?kV Fkk FkhUnk o¥uA v'kksd % r bgks e¥ts] fdrkc Nikb.kq can djs Nfn=ts \ vuqjkèkk % vfgM+k gkykr fc dksUgu tks ifCyds'ku can djs Nfn=tuA Vh- oh-v th Økafrv fyf[k;y ,sa Nfi;y v[kj th vgfe;r ?kVk, Nn=h vkgsA flaèkh c=ky s hv esa i<+UnM+u [ks ?kfV d+her rs fdrkc feyu] loykbZv lka feyu ,s a fla è kh Hkkmj fgd&fc= , [ks tuen= h a g a ] 'kknhv th lkyfxjg ,sa fc=;u ekSd+u rs fdrkc th lw[kM+h fn=;u r fdrkcu th izfr"Bk oèkh osUnhA v'kksd % Nk flaèkh c=ky s h 50&100 lky iksb [+kRe Fkh osUnh] thva ?k.ksbZ vnhc pou Fkk \ vuqjkèkk % vlqy [+kRe dksu FkhUnhA ghvaj u,a fljs lka t;iqj] mYgkluxj] Hkksiky ts Ldwyu dkystu esa flaèkh i<+kbZ Fkh o¥sA flUèkh ySXa ost lVhZfQdsV dkslZ 'kq: Fkh o;k vkfguA vlkath flaèkh c=ksyh ft+Ung jgUnh] cl vlha t+cku

rs d+k;e jgwaA v'kksd % flaèkh lekt esa dfgfM+;aw xfrfofèk;wa fFk;.kq ?kqjtu] rOgka dfgM+k iz;kl d;k vkfgu \ vuqjkèkk % Hkksiky th lar daojjke dkyksuhv esa efgyk eaMy th lsØsVªhv ts ukrs ewa lkekftd ,drk ykb dksf'k'kwa d;w vkfguA gj lky tujy ukyst pVkHksfV;wa djs ub± Vghv [ks flaèkh c=ksyh] lH;rk ,sa ijksidkj tks egRo cq=èkkbZUnk vkfg;waA ewa flykbZ] d<+kbZ] c=kju th csgrjhv ykb laLFkkmu lka tqM+h Vªsfuax izksxzke gyk;k vkfguA bgks flyflyks vt=q fc gyh jfg;ks vkgs A v'kksd % tUe Hkwfe gqv.k ts djs flaèk lka rOgkatks HkkoukRed lacaèk vkgs] dfgM+s 'kgj esa o¥h lqdqu eglwl Fkhanks vFko \ vuqjkèkk % f'kdkjiqj ft+ys ts x<+h;klhu esa ewa[ks lqdwu eglw l FkhUnks vkgs A ia f ga t h ekr` H kw f ev [ks dhva folkjts\ ewa[ks flaèk o¥h tsfrjh [+kq'kh feyUnh vkgs mutks c;ku uFkh djs l?kkaA v'kksd % Nk rOgka[ks mEesn vkgs flafèk;qu [ks flaèk feyanh \ vuqjkèkk % flaèkq feys ;k u feys] ij bgk mEesn vkgs r dn=fga u dn=fga fgan ,sa flaèk ojh fgdq Fkh osUnkA

lqfg.kk flaèkh 101

lqfg.kk flaèkh 102

vuqjk/kk KkupUn ykyok.kh 37] lar daojjke uxj] Hkksiky&462038 Qksu % 0755&2733651

flaèkh c=ky s hv esa x+ty + fy[k.k okjk pan 'kkbj bZ vkfguA vgenkckn ts vtZu ^gkfln* tks rktks fdrkc ^lkgh ifVts* ukys lka 'kk;k fFk;ks vkgsA mfej dM=fga l`tu esa :dkoV dksu c.ktUnh vkgsA vtZu ^gkfln* tks fy[k.k tks use idks vkgsA iafgats ?kj esa iafgats fdrkcu ts fop esa fy[kUns&i<+Uns ^gkfln* lkgc [+kq'kh eglwl dUnk vkfguA ewa x=kYgkb.k 'kq: d;ks r iwjh ,uthZv lka 'kkfey FkhUns iafgats yacs vktewnu lka tokc fM=;.k 'kq: d;kÅaA v'kksd % vt=qdYg Nk fy[kh jfg;k vkfg;ks \ gkfln % rkt+ks fdrkc 'kk;k fFk;ks vkgs&^lkgh ifVts* tafgaeas Ms<= lo [kka oèkhd x+ty + 'kkfey vkfguA v'kksd % fojgk³s [kka iksb flaèkh x+ty + tks dsfrjs d+nqj fodkl fFk;ks vkgs \ gkfln % flaèkh c=ky s hv esa x+ty + dkj lqBks fy[kh jfg;k vkfgu]

,UFkksykWth lsUVªy lkfgR; vdkneh ikjka R;kj Fkh jgh vkgs] tafgaesa ohg [kuq x+t+ydkju twa jpukÅa 'kkfey FkhfUn;w a A bgks dk;Z eq a f ga t h lykg lka Fkh jfg;ks vkgs A v'kksd % flaèkq ,sa fganq eka fdFkka tk x+ty + dkj cgrj fy[kh jfg;k vkfgu \ gkfln % vlkats fganq tkA ew[a ks bgk x=kfYg poans Q+[k+qj Fkks eglwl fFk, r fgUnqLrku tk flaèkh x+ty + dkj x+ty + ts LVsM a M~lZ tks iwjks /;ku jf[k;ks vkgs ,sa lqBks l`tu djs jfg;k vkfguA v'kksd % vOgkataw jpukÅa x=k;wa fc o;wa vkfguA dq>q mu ckcr c=qèkkb±nk \ gkfln % fganq ts lfHkuh flaèkh x=kb±nM+u eqfa gatk x+ty + x=k;k vkfguA iou dqekj] xqjnkley] ukjh yPNok.kh] dkty panhjkek.kh] fnyhi ykyok.kh ,sa ?ku';ke oklok.kh lqBks x= k , jfg;k vkfguA v'kksd % x+ty + fy[k.kq fgd lkèkuk vkgs] flaèk ts x+ty + dkju esa vOgka[ks dfgM+h ?kfVrkbZ fM=l.k esa vkbZ \ gkfln % dUVsUV ts fglkc lka det+ksfj;wa fM=l.k esa vk;waA fgUnqLrku tk x+ty + dkj bZ ew[a ks cgrj fy[k.k okjk eglwl FkhUnk vkfguA ikd eas v¥k fc Q+dr+ vkf'kd+h x+ty + tks fo"k; vkgsA balkuh ft+na xhv esa fc=;k fc ?k.kk igyw vkfgu ftfurs fy[kh lf?kts FkksA v'kksd % xqtf+ j;y iatkgq lky vOgka flaèkh x+ty + tks dnq oèkk;ks ,sa fgd Å¡ps eqdke rs igqpk;ks vkgsA iafgats lkfFk;qfu ,sa x+ty + esa iafgats okfjl ts :i esa dafga[ks e¥hnk vkfg;ks \ gkfln % ,e- dey] oklqnos ^eksgh*] oklqnos ^fueZy* eqfa gatk lkFkh vkfguA <ksy.k jkgh] [kheu ewyk.kh] y{e.k nqc]s Jhpan nqcs ,sa Jhdkar lnQ+ x+ty + th ;k«kk tk vge xokg vkfguA x+ty + fy[k.k esa iwjs leiZ.k lka yx=y vkfguA v'kksd % lkfgR; ts izfr lekt ts ut+fj, ts ckjs esa Nk po.kq

lqfg.kk flaèkh 103

lqfg.kk flaèkh 104

vtZu gkfln

pkghUnk \ gkfln % i<+ . k okjk r ?kfVth o;k vkfgu ij fiz a f Vx] ifCyf'kax tks usVodZ fc dksUgsA fy[k.k okjk ik.k iafgatk fdrkc eq¶+r fojgk, jfg;k vkfguA ys[kdu [kka ekyh enn oBh jpukÅa ifCy'k Fkh jfg;wa vkfguA fc= ; ks lHkq dq > q def'kZ y ; Fkh o;ks vkgs A ts d ks fpeds Fkks mgksbZ lksu vkgsA cnytUnM+ ekgkSy esa dafga ek.gwv tks M=ksgq dksUgsa] oDr ckn'kkg vkA v'kksd % x+ty + twa dfgfM+;aw [+kfw c;wa gqtu \ gkfln % lt=h x=kfYg ykbUl ts fop esa gqtAs dUVsUV r t+:jh vkgsA fy[k.k ;k is'k dj.k tks vyx= vankt+ gqtAs x+ty + cqè= kh vglkl fFk, r dq>q [k+kl c=qèkks vkgsA v'kksd % x+ty + ts vykok rOgka fc=;ks Nk fyf[k;ks vkgs \ gkfln % xhr ,sa :id fyf[k;k vkfgu] ij 'kk;k dksu fFk;k vkfgu ;k b,a pbts 'kk;k dksu djk;k vkfguA dq>q èkkfeZd xhr fc fyf[k;k vkfguA ij eu eas lnkb± x+ t + y xq u xq u kb± n ks jgUnks vkfg;ka A ¼gkfln lkfgc xt+ y xq u xq u kb.k yx= k A½ raqfgats psgjs ts pqj iqj th Hkq.k Hkq.k o.kh tsdks po.kks FkbZ pm [k.kh] pm [k.kh vtZu gkfln Cykd u- 463 ch] ljnkj uxj] vgenkckn&382475 Qksu 079&22864356

lqfg.kk flaèkh 105

ukjh yPNok.kh xqtf+ j;y 50 lky ukjh yPNok.khv th xhr&laxhr ;k«kk tk xokg vkfguA nsoyh ¼vtesj½ esa 3 vxLr 1949 rs t=koy ukjh cSjkx<+ ;kfu lar fgjnkjke uxj esa ua<i.k esa xk;d eqd's k ts ukys lka lq¥krks osna ks gksA ^fny esa olu Fkk ds* flaèkh xhru th dSlsV flaèkh laxhr esa [k+kl bT+t+r gkfly dbZ vkgsA vkdk'kok.kh Hkksiky ts g¶+ros kj fla/kh izkx s zke [ks fc ukjh yNok.khv vVdy iatohg lky lkanfg iafgats iqj vlj vkokt+ ,sa dfEi;fjax lka ikiqyj c.kk;ksA vtq= eqYd ts vOoy ntsZ ts fla/kh x=kbdu esa ukjhv tks ukyks vkgsA v'kksd % laxhr ,sa lkfgR; eka dfgM+h foèkk [ks oèkhd vge e¥hank vkfg;ks \ ukjh % c=bZ foèkkÅa vge vkfguA ts b,a pbts r fc=Ugha tks ik.k esa xgjks lacèa k vkgs r x+yr u FkhUnksA laxhr ykb vljnkj xhr jfp;k o¥u bgks t+:jh vkgsA lqfB;wa jpukÅa ik.k lka laxhr th jpuk xn=q vkf.ku fFk;wAa fc=, ikls t+gu esa ol;y lqfg.kk flaèkh 106

laxhr twa èkquaw lqfg.kk xhr jp.k ykb xhrdkju [ks fgeFkkbu fFk;w a A v'kksd % vOgka x=kb.kq dn=fa g 'kq: d;ks \ c=qèk.k okju tks Nk jk;ks vkgs \ ukjh % ¼;kn dan½s iatu&lru lkyfu th mfej esAa 1955 th ;kn vkgs tM=fga ewa xhr x=kb.kq 'kq: d;kA nksLru] ?kj ts ek.gqu ,sa ikM+s okjfu [ks xhr lqBk yx=k ,sa ew[a kka ckj&ckj c=qèk.kq fi, pkfg;kÅaA iksb vky bafM;k jsfM;ks lka fc tqMh+ o;qlqA v'kksd % ua<i.k esa dfgM+k 'kkSd a gq;k \ ukjh % flaèkh jkfUn;wa [ksnh= Uns on=k fFk;k vkfg;wAa jkafn;wa lt=k& s lt=ks n=hgqa gyfUn;wa gq;]aw thva [ksn.= k tks o>q feysA flaèkh jkafn;wa bVh n=dqj] fQj&fQj lksVa ks] puj&phyks] oa>oVh oxSjg vt=q fc ;kn vkfguA lpipq ua<i.kq dn=fga folkjs uFkks lf?ktsA v'kksd % Hkksiky esa lky esa Vs laxhr izkx s zke dj.k tks flyflyks dhva 'kq: fFk;ks \ ukjh % Hkx=oarh ukok.kh] ukjk;.k ';ke ,sa ekLrj panz flaèkh lkfgR;] laxhr tk flrkjk vkfguA mUgu th ;kn da n s [ks f u J)ka t fy fn= ; .k lka bZ la n fu jpukmu lka fla è kh lekt [ks :c: djkb.k ykft+ e h vkgs A vlka ts Hkkmju esa iafgats laxhr] iafgath dyk ,sa dykdkju rs Q+[k+ qj tks ohpkj eu esa vp.kq ?kqfjtsA v'kksd % LVst rs ifgfj;ksa nQ+ks vph dhva yx=ks \ ukjh % ifgjha fny t+kjs lka èkM+dh jgh gqbZA Ngs ntsZ esa i<an+ ks gksl rn=fga th x=kfYg vkgsA vkjrh is'k dj.k ykb xkaèkhuxj Ldwy esa ew[a ks p;ks o;ksA ewa n=dna & s n=dna s is'kd'k dbZA gFk esa vkjrhv th IysV yqMh= jgh gqbZ ,sa fM=;ks fgyh jfg;ks gksA iksb x=kbUns&x=kbUns vkRefo'okl of/k;ksA v'kksd % vOgkatks vkn'kZ flaèkh xk;d ds# vkgs \ ukjh % Hkx=r daojjke ,sa Hkx=r lqUnj ehjklh eqfgatk vkn'kZ flaèkh xk;d vkfguA Hkx=r c=qèk.kq ifgats ik.k esa bZ'oj th vkjkèkuk lka xn=kx s n=q fgd ekSt vkgs] t=.kq dks vUnj tks vkuan Fkks ekf.kts]

Hkx= r es a x= k b.kq ,s a fdLlk is ' k dj.kq fgd on= h lkèkuk ,sa dyk vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh lkfgR;dkj ftu vOgka[ks izHkkfor d;ksA ukjh % Ñ".k [kVok.kh] vtZu gkfln ,sa xksoèkZu HkkjrhA v'kksd % ukVdu esa fi.k vOgka cfgjks orksZ vkgs] dhva jfg;ks vkt+enw ks \ ukjh % jaxeap ts nksLrfu ts lax esa Fkksjks&Fkksjks 'kkSd a jfg;ks vkgs ukVdu tksA ua<h Hkwfedk dj.kq pkghanks vkfg;ka ij vljnkj uewusA v'kksd % xkbdhv esa vOgkath reUuk ;k [+okb'k \ ukjh % cl] iafgats lekt lfHkuh lqBfu ek.gqfu lka tqMk+ o cf.k;ks jgs] x=kb.k ykb fganhv esa fc x=kb±nks vkfg;ka] ij flaèkhv esa x=kb.k esa oèkhd larks"k feyUnks vkgsA v'kksd % flaèkh lekt th dyk] laLÑfrv ,sa xhr laxhr esa dsfrjh fnypLih vkgsA dfgM+k lqèkkj t+:jh e¥hnk vkfg;ks \ ukjh % psVhpaM lesr lHkq lkaLÑfrd ,sa lkfgfR;d izkx s zke xfjeke; fFk;.kq [kiuA dq>q 'kgju esa vt=qdYg lsfuek th LVkby okjk izksxzke fFk;.k yx=k vkfguA xhr&laxhr lesr lfHkuh lkfgfR;d ,sa lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØefu tks LVsM a MZ Bhd dj.k vlkatks QtZq vkgsA flaèkh lekt tk ds eq[kh ifCyd tks Vs L V fcxkf.k.k tk M= k s g h vkfguA pofu Fkk&ifCyd bgks bZ Fkh pkgs A v'yhy iz k s x z k e n= s [ kkj.kq iqfB;k bgks csgnw ks rdZ vkgsA eka iqNka Fkks&ts lqHkk.ks ifCyd lq[kks lslk ,sa izlkn esa uku&ost ,sa okbZu th [+okbZ'k j[ks r Nk mgks fc e¥hUnklha \

lqfg.kk flaèkh 107

lqfg.kk flaèkh 108

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