WEEK ONE: Forces   Forces 1. Tension: pulled 2. Compression: pushed * for every force there is an equal and opposite reaction: equilibrium
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Defined by: - ACTION - SENSE (arrow) - MAGNITUDE (weight)
Can move in ant direction
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Figure 1: shows a compression like structure that was created in studio time, here it is evident that the material is compacting together
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Tension Forces: applied load pulls on a structure, the material moves apart, causing tension = stretch material (depends on stiffness, amount of stress and weight of load) Compression Forces: opposite effect of a tension force, external load pushes on a structure, the material compacts together = shorter material
WEEK ONE: Compression 1. Compression - Heavy, overlapping modules, stable, self supporting
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Figure 2:the load path and photo is are examples of the compression, overlapping modules that are self supporting
Materials best used in compression: • concrete • masonry/brick work • stone • hay bail (also works in tension) • ice blocks • termite mound
- Used compression module method in order to create a stable, self supporting building - The modular method allows the load weight to be spread out and therefore is stronger and better balanced - Decided circular building structure would be easier to build higher due t the fact that you can taper it in as this cant be done in a rectangle structure
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Figure 3: further examples of compression used to create a structure in class, two patterns were used, really tight overlapping blocks and then spread a part overlapping blocks. The photo illustrates how even with holes this pattern is very supportive. Another group (right) adopted the same pattern as us, however they were more successful in tapering their structure
WEEK ONE: Loads Loads 1.static: • applied slowly 2. dynamic - applied suddenly to a structure, rapid changes in magnitude and at point load - two major types: earthquake and wind
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Types of loads: 1. gravity 2. wind 3. earthquake
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Types Loads: • Live loads: moving or moveable loads on a structure, acts vertically downward but may act horizontally to reflect dynamic nature of moving load, collects snow, water (Ching, 1975) • Impact loads: short duration due to equipment and machinery, treated as a static load due to its dynamic nature that amplifies static load (Ching, 1975) • Dead loads:static loads acting vertically downwards on a structure, comprise on self weight of the structure, permanently attached fixtures and elements (Ching, 1975).
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WEEK ONE: Loads Paths Figure 5:This photograph highlights some support issues in the tower building
Figure 4: The diagrams beside illustrate the load path for this photograph
Key Terms: •Force:anything that producing magnitude and direction that causes a change in shape or movement to something •Compression: due to the load the structure compacts causing the material to shorten •Reaction force (Fr):opposite and equal response to a force •Point load: where the force is applied and most intense •Beam: a structural element that helps support a structure •Load path:the direction the force travels through the structure/material •Masonry: a brick work that uses compression to create strength and support through a module overlapping pattern
WEEK ONE: Site Analysis and Materials Site analysis - Site analyse is the process of studying contextual forces that influence how people might situate a building, layout, shape, relationship with landscape and position its spaces: conducted through site surveys that gathers into at physical site (Ching, 1975). Materials - materials (key areas of consideration): strength, stiffness, shape, behaviours, economy, sustainability
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References: Ching, F. (1975). Building construction illustrated (5th ed.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Different properties • strength: strong, weak (steel, wood) • stiffness: floppy, flexible, stretchy (rubber, nylon, concreate) • Shape: mono dimensional (linear), bi dimensional (planar), tridimensional (volumetric) • Behaviours: isotropic (similar no matter what direction force), anisotropic • economy and sustainability: distance to transport, environmental friendly, efficiency, readily availability materials, cost
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Figure 6:Even during the deconstruction process our method of building and the wooded blocks stayed strong and supportive. The material was very strong and stiff which resulting in a well supported structure