ackknowledgements
Welcome back, I’ve always admired visionaries. Bold in challenging the status quo, it seems as though innovation is in their very nature. Belonging to the future, they think forwards, mapping out the course of history in their stead. The 21st century is a bullet train blasting forth at full speed but visionaries are always one step ahead. This issue of the Lionheart is solely dedicated to vision and innovation, celebrating the current developments in science, technology, and the humanities on the global front. I’d also like to thank everyone who messaged in with their feedback regarding the first issue. All of us here on the Lionheart team really poured our hearts and souls into creating a wonderful magazine, which is in reality one big passion project. Student voice matters, so hear our roar. “Carpe diem. Ire fortitre quo nemo ante iit. Seize the day. Boldly go where no one has gone before.” Happy Reading!
Illustrated by: Mikaela Pacis (Year 13)
- Melika Lolaki -
SOCIAL SCIENCES
TARGETING HATE, OR IMPEDING EXPRESSION? BEE THE CHANGE IF IT AINT BROKE, DONT FIX IT CHILDREN ARE THE CHANGE
ENGLISH
A QUESTION OF EQUALITY AMERICA IS STRIPPING WOMEN OF THEIR RIGHTS LETTERS INNOVATION AND BEYOND: UP, UP AND AWAAAY RIDDLES RINSE AND REPEAT ALL THE THINGS WE CANNOT CHANGE
GATE HOW CAN WE IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL ENERGY?
INNOVATION: THE KEY TO BETTER TOMORROWS INTERVIEWS WITH THE GIFTED AND TALENTED WHAT KIND OF LEARNER ARE YOU?
HEALTH AND PE
BEING ACTIVE HAS NEVER BEEN EASIER U[PGRADE IN PROGESS: THE END OF SPORT AS WE KNOW IT
KA AWATEA
POEMS Māti ngā kīwaha nei: MATCH EACH SAYING
LANGUAGES
DITES BONJOUR AU MONDE: TRAVEL!
LIBRARY
BOOK REVIEWS THE KEY TO KNOWLEDGE:BOOKS, BOOKS, BOOKS!
MATHEMATICS
STATISTICS OR CALCULUS? A QUESTION FOR THE AGES IMMORTALISING MATHS THROUGH TECHNOLOGY
SCIENCE
FUELLING OUR FUTURE: RENEWABLE ENERGY LIFE OF PLASTIC, IT’S NOT FANTASTIC
TECHNOLOGY THE VISION
Targeting Hate, or Impeding Expression?
Written by Brenna Mathews (Year 12) Illustrated by Neha Kumar (Year 13)
Jacinda Ardern made a proclamation to ban hate speech online. This proclamation follows after the Christchurch terrorist attack in an attempt to prevent violence against religious groups. She has called for a worldwide effort in banning hate speech, targeting photos and posts supporting white nationalism and white separatism. A question that has been raised in regards to banning hate speech is “Is it actually possible?”. I believe the answer is no, it’s not possible. This is because it is impossible to filter every single person's posts and comments, there is a confusion as to what is classified as hate speech, and it is taking away people's freedom of speech. On average, 500 million tweets, 95 million Instagram posts, and more than 300 million posts on Facebook are uploaded each day. This is more than 895 million posts daily. This is only on 3 out of the 60+ social media sites currently available. How can all these posts possibly be filtered to target hate speech? There are current techniques that are used but it primarily relies on humans to monitor and remove posts. This is done by employees going through the reported posts and taking them down if they violate the rules for that app. This method of controlling content has proven to fail time and time again and this is evident, especially with hate groups. Social media is constantly used to spread hate, violence, and threatening messages million times a day, and it is near impossible to go on social media and not see hate speech. So, how do social media outlets plan to target online hate speech? Some ideas is to use algorithms and artificial intelligence to filter out and block hate speech. This method works by detecting offensive words that have been selected for the algorithm which is then removed. The main issue with this is that this method doesn’t understand context causing posts which aren’t offensive to be removed. Words that would be targeted are racial slurs, swear words, or derogatory terms, however, not every word that falls into this category is used in a hateful way. Friends swear at each other online in a joking manner, but this system doesn’t understand the context of how these words are used. This then restricts freedom of speech which everyone is entitled to when the post or comment is removed. This idea fails to successfully remove hateful content without restricting the public's right to upload content which isn’t offensive or hateful. Removing hate speech online is restricting people's freedom of speech in New Zealand. The bill of rights, which New Zealand uses, states that “Everyone has the right to freedom of expression, including the right to seek, receive, and impart information and opinions of any kind in any form”. Even though this allows hate groups to spread their sickening viewpoints, they are allowed to under the law. In cases where it is cyberbullying and causing harm to people, there is already a law in place targeting bullying. In New Zealand, the offender can get 2 years in prison and a maximum fine of $50,000. Jacinda Ardern's proposal has confused many because there are current laws in place dealing with hate speech, but she is proposing that we ban hateful content, even if it isn't cyberbullying or causing harm. This is refusing New Zealander's freedom of speech which is violating a basic human right. Although not everyone agrees with the hate groups, they are allowed to share their views within reason. Overall, Jacinda Ardern's proposal for banning hate speech online won’t work due to the fact that it is impossible to control every single post that is uploaded, and banning hate speech restricts freedom of speech which everyone is entitled to. This proposal is important however because it raises the idea of hateful content online.
Bee The Change
Illustrated by Francesca Philip Emily Munro - Year 12
Bees are in desperate need of saving. Known as key pollinators to the planet, the population of bees is slowly decreasing. The key pollinators are vital in providing animals, including humans, with a stable and healthy food supply. They are the reason for the variety of colour in the nutritious foods that we consume and without them, there would be a lack of some of the fresh fruits and vegetables we know of. Out of 100 crop species that feed 90% of the world, bees pollinate 70 of them. As well as pollinating, bees produce around 50 to 60 pounds of honey per year. With a single bee pollinating over 2,000,000 flowers to make just one pound of honey, it is staggering how much work a bee does. This just shows us that, without bees, we wouldn’t have as much access to many of the favourable produce that we purchase now. Not only that, but produce prices will increase and the availability of the foods that we need in our diets will decrease. The loss of bees would not only affect us but also the livestock that we breed.
The food that cows, sheep, pigs, and many other animals consume, the majority of it is pollinated by bees. This means that, with bees gone, these animals would slowly start dying off from starvation as well as diseases because of the missing nutrients and vitamins in their foods. Habitats would also be lost which would again diminish other species other than the bee. The loss of the bee would impact the health and nutritional security for many people across the world. This would risk high numbers of people suffering from Vitamin A, iron and folate deficiency. Unfortunately, bees are suffering in the world that we have slowly made ours. With the introduction of pesticides and the changes in climate, the population of bees has started to diminish. Pesticides first became popular after the Second World War and the use of them has been increasing ever since. They are most popular in the agriculture business to kill off pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, and weeds.
Considering pesticides are designed to kill off insects, this means that bees are affected as well. When they come into contact with pesticides, such as neonicotinoids which reacts similarly like nicotine, they go insane. This can link to a phenomenon known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) which makes bees impulsively abandon their hives. They are unable to remember the way back to their hives, which can be compared to having Alzheimers, and it affects their ability to forage for pollen and therefore, survive. It is noted that in a bad year, bee colonies may lose up to around 15% to 20% of its bees due to pesticides. However, it is not only pesticides that are endangering bees but parasites too. The Varroa mite is a well known parasite that regularly attacks bees. Yet, some of the main reasons why bees are dying is primarily due to the changes in the global climate and the impact of humans. With the ever increasing population of humans, there has always been a need for something and unfortunately, this affects the bees. The decline of bees can be blamed on the constant destruction of their habitats by humans through the clearing of land for agriculture, industrial uses, and buildings. This just shows us how much of a danger we are to the Earth and the many living species on it. We do not take into consideration how we affect species like the bees and because of this, we are paying the price with the slow extinction of bees. Yet, the thing is, we do not seem to realise how much of an impact it will have for us when bees are gone. The population of bees is declining. With the loss of flower meadows, the increase of the Varroa mite, and the ever changing pesticides, bees are in danger of disappearing. Yet, have we stopped to think of what it would be like if there were no bees at all? Sure, we would still be alive but we would have to sacrifice many key foods in our diets. Bees pollinate the majority of fruits and vegetables that we enjoy as well as the foods that many animals eat too. Our nutrient rich and flavoursome diets would decrease, with the loss of foods like apples, almonds, tomatoes, blueberries, avocados, cucumbers and onions, plus many, many more. Not only this, but the prices of produce would increase. This means that the fruits and vegetables that we take for granted now, would become a privilege later in the future. Nevertheless, we would not lose all of the produce that we enjoy today. Foods like wheat, rice, and corn can pollinate themselves so the loss of bees would not affect them. However, it is not only the plant based side of our diets that would be affected. Without bees, food for cows, sheep, and other farmed animals would decline which means that, again, we would have less of a variety in our diet. This would lead to health problems and many people would suffer from malnutrition, scurvy, iron deficiency, Vitamin A, B and D deficiency,
and even dementia. Therefore, this shows us just how much the Earth - and everything on it - need bees to exist. What can we do to help bees? This is a question that we all need to think of and it is simple. It can start off as simple as planting a single flower or educating others about the situation that the bees are in. This is the time when we should step up for the bees as they have helped us from the very start. By banning the most dangerous pesticides, restoring government owned land into something that will help the bees and re-establishing ecological agriculture are only some of the ways we can take action to increase the population of bees. Former US President, Barack Obama, established a Pollinator Health Task force in June of 2014 and this shows us that anyone can do anything towards supporting the bees. So, let’s be the change and save the bees.
If it it Ain’t Ain’t Broke, Broke, If Don’t Fix Fix it it Don’t Written by Zara Davies year 13 Illustrated by Jessica Kong year 12
C
ulture and heritage are the roots of society today as we know it. They affect what we value, how we behave and how we identify ourselves. While culture and heritage have the potential to divide people, I believe that is important to understand that we are all united by one thing; being human. We are more human than we are ‘white’ or ‘colored’, so it is understandable why we marvel at things humans have created that have stood the testament of time. Buildings such as the Colosseum in Rome or the Pyramids of Giza show how amazingly talented our ancestors were and also give us all collectively something to be proud of. To lose any of these buildings would be a massive loss of culture and heritage, but is it really ethical to rebuild or restore these historical buildings so future generations can share how we historically identify ourselves? Personally, I believe that any extensive repairs to historical buildings could alter how we - and the children of the future - perceive our own history. A relevant time in our history to consider is the Golden Age of Athens which occurred nearly 2,500 years ago. It was a time at which art, architecture, mathematics and democracy fundamental aspects of our own civilisation - were progressing rapidly within the city. From this time, the Athenians created the Parthenon.
Despite being remodelled throughout history as a Christian church, then an Islamic mosque and even a Turkish gunpowder store, the Parthenon has survived nearly 2,500 years to stand as a testament to the achievements of our earliest democracy. However, does the Parthenon’s significance as the product of democracy warrant the decision in 1985 to restore it to its former glory? The truth is, there is only written evidence of what the Parthenon originally looked like when it was built, so we can only imagine how amazing it was. Therefore, would any restoration truly capture its original beauty, or what others perceived it to be? It is important to note that the materials and marble blocks being used in the restoration are in fact the original pieces lying around the Parthenon, which is a good thing as this would be ‘actual restoration’ not ‘reconstruction’. However, the restorers also plan on rebuilding the 11 metre tall, gold plated statue of Athena, which was considered the focal point of the Parthenon itself. The revered and valuable statue has been lost since the 5th century. Some believe it was destroyed in a fire, others believe it was actually stolen by a Roman Emperor and some think it was destroyed by Crusaders in the 11th century. Nonetheless, the statue would have to be fully reconstructed as it does not exist anymore,
meaning the ‘focal point’ of the Parthenon would be modern and have no historical value. How would people connect to the Parthenon's history and significance if it’s main feature was reconstructed? Even if you gave the Parthenon a quick Google, you could see that it is an amazing structure despite its age. The Athenians put a lot of effort into all of it to make it beautiful and make it theirs. For this reason, any restoration now could override the work that the Athenians did thousands of years ago, thus causing the Parthenon to lose its classical roots and ultimately its significance. Additionally, restoring some parts of the Parthenon and rebuilding others would be trading the Parthenon's historical significance for a glorified tourist trap. While it is important that future generations can be able to see the Parthenon, in order to understand the Ancient Athenians and appreciate their history, it is also important that their perspectives aren’t altered. The Parthenon is very old, so is it so bad if it actually looks its age? Another more recent historical building that faces restoration is the Notre Dame, dubbed one of the most exceptional examples of French Gothic architecture. The medieval Catholic building took 182 years to build, with it being completed in 1345, making it 856 years old. During this amount of time, Notre Dame has amassed a treasure trove of historical significance, with Napoleon having his coronation as Emperor of France in 1804 at the cathedral, and Joan of Arc being posthumously honored there by the Catholic church. Although the Notre Dame was ravaged by fire this year on the 15th of April - hence the recent proposals to rebuild and repair - the cathedral had already been renovated and added to for hundreds of years by the very people who originally built it. Between the 13th and 18th century, major reconstructions and renovations took place in some cases to make it more functional or beautiful by the times architectural standards. However, due to the French Revolution in the late 18th century much of the newer renovations were destroyed as the Notre Dame was robbed of treasure, defaced and lost its religious status. It wasn’t until the 19th century that it regained its title as a Catholic church and restorations began. Since then the Notre Dame was continuously renovated until the fire in 2019. This continued evolution since the Notre Dame’s beginning is the reason that any restoration or rebuild
in the future would be ethical, as it’s constant change is a big element of its history. Perhaps the only irreplaceable thing that could affect the historical value of the Notre Dame is the ‘12th century oak framing’ in the roof which was affectionately named ‘the forest’. This is because each beam was constructed out of a single tree, which means that a whopping 13,000 trees went into the roof construction. Since it would be unreasonable to raze an entire forest to the ground in order for the Notre Dame to have perfectly replicated roof framing, it is understandable why it may not be considered a top priority on a building that has been constantly changing since its inception.Unlike other historical buildings, the Notre Dame is not risking any loss to its historical significance if restoration takes place. If anything, not restoring it would be unethical as it was a functioning cathedral and still holds religious value as well as historical value to the nearly 29 million Catholics living in France. To leave this architectural, national and religious monument in ruins would be distressing reminder to all those who really identified with the building. Whether it is ethical to repair historical buildings should be judged on a case by case basis. While restoration - if done properly - can preserve them for future generations and restore them to their original glory, it is also important that governments don’t restore historical buildings to the point where they lose their cultural value just to bring in bucket loads of tourists. Historical buildings have been here much longer than we have, and represent our culture and heritage so we should treat them with the respect they deserve. Reconstructing aspects like the Statue of Athena on the Parthenon isn’t respectful to the Athenians who built her. In fact, it’s arrogant of us to assume that we can filter what our history looks like to suit our own wants and needs. Historically authentic materials, such as what is being used on the Parthenon’s exterior is justifiable and ethical as it doesn’t derive from what the Athenians originally put there. In the same way, reconstructing the Notre Dame would be ethical as it was taken too soon from those who actively held historical and religious value to it. Any restoration on any historical buildings, be it the Great Wall of China or the Eiffel Tower should be done in moderation to allow it to connect back to its roots and still hold value culturally. We have enough modern buildings in our society, so we should value our old ones, not revamp them to our own liking.
Children are
the change
New Zealand has always been a country at the front of social change. As kiwi’s we’re always open and willing to accept that change and take it in our stride. But what happens when the people who used to be the strong front for positive change begin to give up and handball the responsibility onto the next generation? Then we as kiwi kids take up the challenge and keep the positive change heading in the right direction. Whether that’s onto the steps of parliament or in our own neighbourhoods we will never be brushed aside and told to be quiet. The youth strike for climate change took place on the 24th of May 2019 all around New Zealand. Tens of thousands of students around New Zealand participated in the action, at over 40 different strikes right across the country. It was a call to the government to reduce the impact New Zealand makes on global warming to drastically reduce the high temperatures causing massive sea level rise globally. As a low lying pacific island the threat of sea level rise is a real one and in the next decade it will start majorly impacting our country directly. That’s why starting to encourage the changes that need to be made sooner rather than later is the best approach and students all around New Zealand see the changes that need to be made and want action taken now and not later. The Hamilton strike took place in Garden place in central Hamilton. Students from most Hamilton High schools and some intermediate schools took part, including many Hamilton Girls’ High School students. The students made signs which showed the true feelings of how students feel in the face of the impending threat of global climate change. With messages such as “Our education won’t matter if we’re all dead” and “Change or start swimming”. This was the first massive step towards making youth more aware of the threat to our world and how we can make a difference right here in our own town. The intention of these youth strikes is not to ensue chaos and scare people into making changes but instead to inform and educate people, from a youth perspective. The youth strike for climate is the largest strike ever staged in New Zealand of its kind and it drew a lot of attention to the real threats our country is facing with climate change. These precocious teens are bringing important issues to the government's doorstep with the full intention of creating change. If the older generations want to leave us to clean up the mess they made for our generation then we will gladly take up the challenge and not make it worse for the children to come after us.
Words by Lucy Thompson - Year 12 Illustrated by Neha Kumar- Year 13
Equality. Equality. not an an ordeal ordeal that that should should cause cause aa commodity commodity It is not basic necessity necessity that that isis aa human human right right A basic charitable action action from from those those of of might might Not aa charitable Together we we fight fight Together Breaking stereotypes stereotypes Breaking And showing showing the the world world the the undeniable undeniable light light The act of being being equal equal isis aa goal goal that that many many strive strivetowards towards Although, despite despite this, this, nobody nobody has has yet yet found found the the perfect perfectchords chords Women can still still find find themselves themselves at at the the hand hand of of man's man'saccords accords Females were were once once looked looked at at through through aa lens lens ofof disregard disregard They were were expected expected to to confine confine to to their their societal societalyards yards Now this ‘minority’ ‘minority’ gender gender are are no no longer longer cards cards to tobe beplayed played Progress Progress has has been been made made Our modern modern world world isis continuing continuing to to upgrade upgrade The hope hope isis that that one one day day the the ideal ideal will will be be reached reached Then Then equality equality will will never never again again be be breached. breached.
words by Annie Walker (Year 12)
Illustrated by Neha Kumar (Year 13)
Protecting Sweet Peas
This is an opinion piece from the author only. This does not necessarily represent the opinions/beliefs of other students at Hamilton Girls’ High School.
The United States of America. A nation of contradictions. Personally, I find it ridiculous that a country founded on their rights, their amendments and their freedom, could still ignore their own First Amendment. The First Amendment, in the American Constitution states, “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof…” Fundamentally, the Church and State laws are separate. Yet, here’s the problem: Abortion Laws. States across America have passed abortion laws due to their religious belief that ‘life begins at conception.’ Evidently the abortion laws being passed across states in the US, blatantly break this amendment. Governors juggle the physical and mental wellbeing of millions of women because of an outdated concept that in no way impacts their own lives. Yes, individuals have the right to practice religion in America, but they do not have the right to enforce the beliefs of that religion on others. Ultimately, women's rights are being stripped away based on a few white men’s religious beliefs. I don’t understand how someone can be pro-life when pro-lifers are taking away and stripping women of their bodily rights. Unfortunately, states such as Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Georgia have all passed laws and bills making it almost impossible for women to get an abortion. It is a popular trend to pass a heartbeat bill which bans all abortions after 6 weeks. 6 weeks. The embryo is the size of a sweet pea at 6 weeks. This is equivalent to your period being 2 weeks late. Most women don’t even know they’re pregnant until 6-7 weeks meaning it is too late to get an abortion. Alabama has banned abortions in every case. This includes rape, incest, if the woman's life is at risk, if the baby is dead, or if the baby is terminal and will die not long after birth. I personally find it quite confusing because these laws don’t include the discarding of embryos from IVF/PGD when these governors say that all life begins at conception. It is leading me to believe that these laws aren’t about saving lives. These laws are about controlling women's bodies. Women have become less human, and more ‘things’. Things that have no worth, rights, or importance. Therefore it does not matter if we were raped, or if the child was a product of incest. No. The rights of the unborn child come first, because life is life, right? 73% of Americans don’t even support these laws. They especially don’t support the laws on investigating and arresting women who have suffered horrendously from a miscarriage. Americans don’t support what is happening in these states, yet these laws aren’t changing. If you’re going to lament about pro-life, look at the children who are already live, conscious beings, suffering in your very neighbourhood. Written by Brenna Matthews Illustration by Jessica Kong
.
Statement of Intent: My poem is a counterpoint piece, pro-life, presented like a letter to three groups: aborted babies, mothers who choose abortion, and the women in my life whose mothers were encouraged to abort. One of those mothers was a rape victim, and her child is a precious woman in my life, like a second mum to me. I decided to write a poem rather than a persuasive article because I believe this perspective is one of the heart and emotion, and that to me fits a poetic format. This side of the story must also be told. This is an opinion piece from the author only. This does not necessarily represent the opinions/beliefs of other students at Hamilton Girls’ High School.
Letters To the children who never grew up: Neverland Closed womb Scarred past, sewn shut. Knitted together in darkness Precious silver, woven web Fearfully and wonderfully made A life unlived.
To the un-mother: Vessel Seed sown Life to live, life to give. Guilt on backwards Future regret The child you never met.
To the women in my life who got to live: First breath Bruised beginnings Stale guilt, finding reasons. But born to be beloved Wisdom to speak Ordained No such thing as mistake.
My poem is a counterpoint piece, pro-life, presented like a letter to three groups: abo
Words and illustration by Bryre Aish
English
INNOVATION AND BEYOND UP, UP AND AWAY! English
Words by Emma Armstrong (Year 13), Illustrated by Rosa Flood (Year 13) Innovation. A new method, product or an idea. A great example of previous innovation would be the industrial revolution, where new methods and ideas came into play. It was a time of innovation and moving forward. However, back then it was way easier to make an invention and or discover something new. Most of these were by accident, such as Hennig Brand discovering phosphorus by trying to make gold by boiling urine. Another example of this could be the microwave, where Percy Spencer accidentally melted chocolate, very different from its original purpose. Today, however, innovation and technology are much more complicated. Developing an idea and putting it into practice is a very difficult process. Interestingly, Elon Musk puts a spin on this, saying, "Don't confuse schooling with education. I didn't go to Harvard but the people that work for me did." This implies that yes, he has this great vision but in order to put it into practice, he needs a team, people to rely on and build the idea. His take on innovation is not discovering things by accident, but focusing on what we have currently, and enhancing them. This is the message behind the quote, that he has an idea, but he needs engineers and techs to make it happen, he needs marketers to promote this idea, he needs someone to find it. The message is that it's about playing as a team and working on people's strengths to push that idea into something for society. This is so different from a couple of hundred years ago when innovation was basic and promoting that idea into society was easier. In this advanced society, innovation is more effective with a team. It's all great having a team but the important part is how that team works towards a common goal. We have Musk, the face of Tesla, the techs and engineers behind him harnessing ideas, and the marketers who put that something out there for people to buy. The common goal from this is to make something better than all of the other brands, to make it stand out. Together, you have success. But to make this work, you have to have motivation. This motivation can come from success, money, fame or something personal. Whatever it is, for the goal to be achieved, you must have the motivation and drive to keep the innovation on the grind. The quote explains that he could not build up that name and reputation alone. A good manager enables motivation and finds those that can put that into practice. He didn't go to Harvard, but he has ideas and drive to do something with those ideas. Those he hires has the degrees to make something with those ideas. Together you have a successful team. Your schooling has nothing to do with how creative you are, or whether you have good ideas or not. It's what you do with them. This is a good example of playing with strengths in a team. The idea is that no matter where you get your education from or how well you perform, your imagination and the ability to implement that idea is your most powerful weapon. As a student in today's society, you could have hundreds of ideas about how to fix climate change or help the polar bears, but you can't do it alone. Ambition and determination is the key to getting that idea somewhere. Everything else is secondary, you have an idea then work it. You can find other people to make it happen later but it's your idea, it's your innovation. No matter who you are, you have that weapon.
サルサ
SA SA SALSA LSA LSA CLUB CLUB CLUB Come along to G4 @ lunchtime every day 3 and try out some salsa dancing! Started in week 3.
サルサ
english
illustrated by: Mikaela Pacis (Year 13)
Riddle 1
I come in different colours, shapes, and sizes My words can be good or bad My life is an adventure I do bold, italics, and my best friend is paper I can come in many colours Like red, pink , orange, blue or green My words can be good or bad My life revolves around my masters words I do bold, italics, and my best friend is paper
What am I?
Riddle 2 (from The Hobbit): “This thing all things devours; Birds, beasts, trees, flowers; Gnaws iron, bites steel; Grinds hard stones to meal; Slays king, ruins town, And beats mountain down.”
Riddle 3 (from Harry Potter):
“First think of the person who lives in disguise, Who deals in secrets and tells naught but lies. Next, tell me what’s always the last thing to mend, The middle of middle and end of the end? And finally give me the sound often heard During the search for a hard-to-find word. Now string them together, and answer me this, Which creature would you be unwilling to kiss?”
What am I?
ANSWERS: 1. PEN
2. TIME 3. SPIDER
What am I?
All the things that we cannot change Written by Melika Lolaki (year 13)
gnawing gnawing slowly slowly at the the roots roots at of my my of heart heart the knowledge knowledge the settles settles and and with great great importancewith importanceor perhaps or perhaps impertinence impertinence sinks insinks inbecoming the becoming the sole ruler of the heart sole ruler of the heart remember! remember! it is all the things itthat is all things wethe cannot that we cannot change change
Illustrated by Bryre Aish (year 13)
GATE
GATE
H ow c a n we i m p rove t h e e ffi c i e n c y o f n a t u ra l e n e rg y ?
By Sarah Collins, Grace Chapman, Maryam Habib and Katelyn Graham (Year 9) Illustrated by Hannah Park (Year 13) As we all know, natural energy is the ‘new, upcoming’ thing. We’ve even got solar paint! Not to mention solar powered cars, which are constantly being improved to travel longer distances using less energy, which overall helps the planet! Remember we have no planet B. Non-renewable energy sources are abundant and affordable. On the downside they deteriorate our planet by releasing toxic gases such as carbon dioxide. These gases are a contributing factor to the ongoing climate change. Our earth is increasingly becoming hotter and uninhabitable for wildlife. Soon, we won’t even be able to live here ourselves. Therefore, switching to renewable energy sources can help keep our planet green for many more generations. Natural energy comes from three different sources- water, sun and wind. Whilst hydro and wind may benefit the earth’s wellbeing, solar is most convenient as it doesn’t require any dams like hydro does, nor does it require any large wind turbines to generate energy. It simply collects energy from the sun! Solar energy is not limited to different shapes and sizes- it can be created in any form. Solar energy is abundant and can save long-term costs. The sun comes out every day too! Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for performing specific tasks (such as pumping water or grinding grain) or a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity used to power businesses, homes and schools. As well as being a source of clean, non-polluting electricity, wind power is also a free, renewable resource. So no matter how much is used today, there will still be the same supply in the future. Water flowing can be produced into energy. This is known as hydropower or hydroelectric power. The most common type of hydro energy is dams. The flow of the water goes into the turbine and spins it. This creates a generator which produces electricity. One other type of hydro energy source is the hydroelectric power plant which stores energy. It is also known as a pumped storage plant. A small micro-hydroelectric power system is able to produce enough energy for a home, farm or a ranch. It is crucial that we switch to natural energy, because it is infinite so long as we look after our planet. Currently we have approximately 53 years left of oil, as we are using millions of gallons of it yearly. Oil is a finite resource. Once it’s gone, we can’t reproduce it. This means that if we don’t switch to natural energy soon, that number of years will only decrease until there is nothing left and we are forced to rely on natural energy whether or not it’s completely functional and reliable.
INNOVATION: INNOVATION: INNOVATION: INNOVATION: THE KEY TO BETTER TOMORROWS
The definition of innovation is “to make changes in something already established, by introducing new methods, ideas and inventions”. Thanks to innovation, our world is advancing at an astronomical rate. There are now artificial hearts, people using water as fuel and even the simplest things such as languages and cultures that have been preserved thanks to innovation. Without innovation, our world would still be living in caves and speaking gibberish. Innovation has empowered us to come together, while also encouraging our diversity. The evolution of the now 6,500 languages around the world has come from innovating and moulding each language so humans can understand each other. The language that we now know as English has been based, shaped and innovated to the place that the language is at today. This is one huge way using innovation has played a part in today’s society. However, how do you think all of the complicated medical procedures came about? Because of innovation, medicine and the sciences have evolved to the point of artificial hearts. Innovation has brought us the advanced medicine and sciences we have today. It has given us life-saving technology such as artificial hearts. Artificial hearts are a device implanted into the body of someone whose biological heart needs replacing. This lowers the need for dead heart transplant donors, which raises the number of successful heart surgeries. This innovation has made a huge impact on the lives of these people. Many amazing innovations have made a large impact on how we live today but we take them for granted. For example the evolution of trapping light. It is so interesting that we went from fires to oil candles, lamps and currently we have lightbulbs being powered by solar energy. If this doesn’t prove the importance of innovation, I don’t know what will. Innovation has shaped the world as it is today. Through innovation, there have been major advances through all aspects of life. Whether that be in the medical fields with the astonishing artificial hearts or with the diverse cultures and languages we now know today. Innovation has shaped, moulded and adapted everything we do and live with today. These innovations have made it possible for our survival and growth… and without them, we’d still be floundering in the dark ages.
Sophie Lourie, Milan Phillips, Bronte Harcourt, Zaakirah Nisa and Hazel Fenner (Year 10)
INTERVIEWS WITH THE
GIFTED & TALENTED
gate
stay on track How Maria Sartin sprinted her way to prodigious feats of sporting success Interviewer: Mashhurakhon Askarova (Year 13)
Illustrated by Mikaela Pacis (Year 13) How do you manage your time between all the extracurricular activities, school activities and leadership roles that you have? I’ve learnt that I have to actually do things, I can’t wait or procrastinate. When I get home from school, I go straight to training. Then, after training I get straight into homework, because I know if I procrastinate or wait, nothing will get done. You just have to focus, and really force yourself to do things, otherwise it’s not going to happen. I make sure to save my Friday afternoons for catching up on work, then I use my weekends as a refresher, so I’m all ready to get started on a new week on Monday.
What opportunities do you think sports has given you that you wouldn’t otherwise have had? Well, I do a lot of sport. I have hockey training Tuesday mornings and Thursday afternoons, and games on Wednesdays. I also have athletics training everyday after school. I’ve found that my sport gives me a whole other life outside of school. With my social life, I’ve made heaps of friends through sports, and I’ve also learnt heaps of life skills. I find it’s kind of like an escape from school. You can’t just focus on one thing and not go a little crazy. I’ve also been really lucky because my sports has let me travel heaps. I’ve seen all of NZ, and I’ve been to different countries like America and Australia thanks to sports.
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What advice would you give to someone who aims to be a sportswoman like you? You have to set goals, but make sure you have a dream behind those goals. So, my dream is to make it to the Olympics, so I’ve set goals towards that. You have to have all these little goals that’s working towards something big. You have to have a positive attitude, and know that you have the bad moments for the good moments. There is always going to be bad moments, but you’re going to learn so much more thanks to those than you would in the good moments, when you’re having fun, but not really learning anything. Make sure you have a good group of friends. True friends that can support
you through everything, and know that when you’re feeling low and stuff, they’ll just say “Oh whatever”. True friends will always back you up, and that’s really important because when you’re down you need to have that. When there’s heaps going on with sports and school and all that, you need to have that group of friends that just tell you “You can do this”.
What advice would you give to someone who aims to be a sportswoman like you? Discipline yourself more in year 9 and 10. You need to be driven, and put in all your effort if you want to do well. Stick to your values, don’t get peer pressured into stuff easily. You learn as you go, so don’t stress the small things.
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What Kind of Learner Are You?
You may not know it, but each person learns differently. Researchers have found that there are three main learning styles: auditory, visual and kinesthetic (sometimes referred to as tactile). Knowing what kind of learner you are can help improve the speed and quality of your study. By recognising and understanding your own learning styles, you optimise your study time by knowing when, where, and how to best study. Most people learn best through a combination of the three main types of learning. Take this quiz to find out what type of learner you are!
1. When you’re not sure how to spell a word, what are you most likely to do?
2. When you see the word "cat," what do you do first?
a.) Write it down to see if it looks right b.) Spell it out loud to see if it sounds right c.) Trace the letters in the air
a.) Picture a cat in your mind b.) Say the word "cat" to yourself c.) Think about being with a cat (petting it or hearing it purr)
3. What's the best way for you to study for a test? a.) Read the book or your notes and review pictures or charts b.) Have someone ask you questions that you can answer out loud c.) Make up index cards that you can review
4. What's the best way for you to learn about how something works (like a computer or a video game)? a.) Get someone to show you b.) Read about it or listen to someone explain it c.) Figure it out on your own
5. If you went to a school dance, what would you be most likely to remember the next day?
6. What do you find most distracting when you are trying to study?
a.) The faces of the people who were there b.) The music that was played c.) The dance moves you did and the food you ate
a.) People walking past you b.) Loud noises c.) An uncomfortable chair
7. Of these three classes, which is your favorite?
8. What do you find most distracting when in class?
a.) Art class b.) Music class c.) Gym class
a.) Lights that are too bright or too dim b.) Noises from the hallway or outside the building (like traffic or someone cutting the grass) c.)The temperature being too hot or too cold
9. What are you most likely to remember about new people you meet? a.) Their face but not their name b.) Their name but not their face c.) What you talked about with them
10. How do you win an argument?
If you got mostly (a), you’re a visual learner. This means that you learn best by sight. Reading or seeing pictures allows you to understand and remember things easier. Some tips to make the most of your study: - Use flashcards to learn new material - Write down key words, ideas, or concepts - Colour code, highlight and circle important ideas or concepts - Use charts and graphs - Struggling with a tough concept? Try watching a video tutorial or demonstration.
a.) Writing a takedown letter and posting it online b.) Yelling c.) I don’t, but later I tell myself all the reasons I was right
If you got mostly (b), you’re an auditory learner. This means you learn best by listening and hearing. You store information better when you have heard it out loud. You understand and remember information better when it is spoken out loud. Some tips to make the most of your study: - Read stories, assignments, or new material out loud to yourself - Avoid noisy study spaces as they will become a big distraction - Use word association to help you remember facts and dates - Record your lessons, then listen to them later
If you got mostly (c), you’re a kinesthetic/tactile learner. This means you learn best through physical movement. You’re a ‘hands-on’ learner- you find it easier to process information while you are actively doing something. Some tips to make the most of your study: - Take frequent (but not long) breaks between studying - Participate in ‘hands-on’ activities that involve touching, building, moving or drawing - Chew gum, walk around or stand up while studying - Use flashcards and arrange them in groups to show relationships between ideas Study with other people
HEALTH AND PE
HEALTH AND PE
BEING ACTIVE HAS NEVER BEEN
EASIER
By Mia Austin and Ella Hickman (Y12) Illustrated by Hannah Park The 21st century is now dominated by technology. Although the media is riddled with the negative impacts of the heightened technology use, there are plenty of positive impacts. One being, exercise trackers. Wearable technology like FitBits and Apple smart watches are growing in popularity all over the world. This innovation of technology now enables us to track our steps, heart beat, sleep, and our food intake, all on our wrist. These novelty pieces are increasingly helpful in aiding millennials to stay active. Tracking your burnt calories has never been easier. Now on a day where you may feel lazy, you’re motivated by your step counter! Buzzzzz it reminds you to get up! These watches encourage an increased amount of movement and better fitness habits.Wearable technology is reminding us to take a moment in our fast paced modern world to be active. Being a smart active fitness tool, you can now also send texts, answer calls, scroll through your favourite apps, and even make payments on these gadgets. In 2015 forty million US adults owned wearable technology, and this was expected to rise to eighty two million in 2018. These watches are evidently making our everyday life just that bit easier and they have the ever increasing sales as a testament to their success. The innovation of technology allows us as consumers to live a more efficient life each day.
Health & P.E
UPGRADE IN
PROGRESS
Illustration by Bryre Aish
Illustration by Bryre Aish
Health & P.E
the end of sport as we know it Words by Gia King and Mya Ruediger
Prompt: Sport rehabilitation technology is the way of the future. Imagine if you needed prosthetics, and the technology was not invented. What would you do? Luckily, in the present day we have the most innovative technology needed for those requiring prosthetics. Sport rehabilitation technology is the way of the future. Things like physiotherapy, and other technology like prosthetic limbs, freewalk and glidecycle help people get back to the sport they love. Free walk is a type of sport rehabilitation that helps people walk and keep balanced. Claire Lomas, who was paralysed from the chest down, purchased a pioneering robotic suit and completed the London Marathon in 2012. She took 17 days to complete it and raised $405,214.95 to go towards spinal research. She has also completed the Great North run in 2016. A quote Claire often says to people is “Whether you believe you can or whether you believe you can’t , you’re right”. Scott Schroeder is another person who needed sport rehabilitation technology. He lost both his legs and one arm after a roadside bomb attack, though he has still found a way to scuba dive. While scuba diving, Scott wears two prosthetic legs and one prosthetic arm, and special flippers attached to his prosthetic legs to help him swim. Another type of sport rehab technology is glide cycle. It looks like a bike except it is designed to help people run. It has a seat so you can easily take your legs off the ground when needed. It is most used by people recovering from injuries and older people as a lot of the pressure is taken off of their joints and muscles.
Ka Awatea Words by Karma Newton-King & Kaea Moeke (Year 9), Illustrated by Rosa Flood (Year 13)
Poems : H āp ai tia t e ara t i k a p ū m a u ai t e rangat irat an g a m ō n gā uri whak at i p u ! F a ste r t he pat h w a y o f kn owl e dge t o st r e n g t h I ndependenc e a n d g r o w t h f or f ut ure g en erat ions ! - He ora t e wha k a p i r i H e ma t e t e wha k a t a r i r i T h ere is s t reng t h i n U n i t y D efe at in ange r - Aroha k i t e t an g a t a a ha ko a ko wai t e t anga t a ! L ove people, in s p i t e o f w ho t hey are !
Kaua e whakamā ki te kōrero Māori, ahakoa he iti, he pounamu ! -Don’t be shy to speak Māori, no matter how little, treasure it!
Nau mai
Family
Aroha
Gift
Taonga
Respect
Whānau
Welcome
Waikato
Song
Tiaki
Good Morning
Mana
Unity
Manāki
Treasure
Kotahitanga
Authority
Waiata
Hamilton
Manuhiri
Stars
Matariki
Guests
Koha
Love
Mōrena
To care for
Dites bonjour au monde
Written by Bethany Hughes (Year 13) Illustrated by Jessica Kong (Year 12)
Every time you leave your home, your city, or your country, you have the opportunity to learn something new. You can interact with others, explore, try something you wouldn’t usually do. When we do something outside of our comfort zone, we learn and we grow. The greatest opportunity I’ve had to grow as a person was the 2018 France trip. This experience was more than just the 4 weeks in the country. In fact, I learnt so much before we even left. The excitement building up to the departure made me eager to research, work hard and plan, giving me purpose and motivation. For over a year before our departure, the 24 of us fundraised as a group. Multiple sausage sizzles, chocolate boxes, quiz nights and inside jokes later, we found ourselves closer than ever. Initially, I had hardly known many of the girls, yet by the time we left, I felt like I was travelling with my best friends. On the 19th September 2018, we departed from Auckland. After 25 hours of flying, and a couple of hours on a bus, we arrived in the small town of Annecy. Our first host families greeted us in the alpine towns of Bourg St Maurice and Moutiers. This was a chance for us to have a taste of life in a French household and a French school, and the opportunity for us to practice the language which we had been learning for the past 4 or 5 years. While initially being very intimidating, my knowledge of the language changed and my confidence grew. After staying with 2 families, I was able to make comparisons to my own lifestyle, make changes and appreciate what I have. (Imagine 9 hours of school each day!) Paris was a dream come true. The Eiffel Tower, Arc de Triomphe, Sacré Cœur, Château de Versailles, Notre Dame… They’re all real! These monuments which had only been words on a page or images on a screen, I have now seen with my own eyes. And Disneyland, my dream at the age of 6, came true at the age of 16. These are valuable memories, and things in which I can say, “I’ve been there!”
My 3 pieces of advice which I have derived from this experience are: 1. Learn the history. There’s no point in visiting countries which are rich in history without being able to appreciate its past. 2. Practice the language. Ensure you know your basics, study and have a go. Order your meals, introduce yourself to people, ask questions. There’s no better way to immerse yourself in the language than in the country itself. 3. Document everything. The places you've been, people you’ve met and even the small things that make you smile. You forget so many things in a day, never mind a year. Taking the opportunity to go to France is something I will never regret. It has given me life experience, working things out for myself, adapting from my mistakes, communicating despite language barriers, and so much more. These are things I would never have been able to practice if I stayed in my house. If you have the opportunity to travel, I encourage you to take it. There is so much to learn and to see; the world is waiting for you.
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Got an opinion you want others to hear? How about an out of this world short story?
You write it, we publish it Send in your Lionheart pieces to
mlo15078@my.hghs.school.nz and you may be one of the featured articles in next terms issue of Lionheart magazine!
actvivity
C R O S S WO R D
DOWN
1. Most famous Cathedral in Barcelona
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5.where french fries come from
2
6. The second most widely spoken language in Portugal
3
7. Japan’s most famous mountain 4
11. Name of a traditional Japanese dress 5
ACROSS 2. Good morning in Spanish
6 7
3.A country that borders Germany
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4. ‘Hungry’ in French 8. A famous food from France
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9. Spain is located in what sea? \ 10. The Capital of Japan
11 12
12. Capital of Spain
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13. The birthplace of Croissants
M YST E RY
WO R D
Each of the photos is a clue to figuring out the mystery word. Find out what each picture is below and use the first letter of each one to find the mystery word (Hint: Each photo has something to do with subjects in the technology department) 1
2
4
WORD:
3
5
6
The
Guess
Flag
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 Illustration by Dejana Sveistrup
Illustration by Bryre Aish
Shippai wo kurikaesu koto de, seiko ni itaru Repeated failures lead to success.
Tout commence par un reve Everything starts with a dream.
BOOK REVIEWS BOOK REVIEWS BOOK REVIEWS Library
Words by Sana Nisar Ahmad (Year 10), MacKenzie Wallace (Year 12) & Jordy-Lee Fankhauser (Year 13), Illustrated by Rosa Flood (Year 13)
Dandelion Clocks By Rebecca Westcott This book is realistic, funny, utterly touching and thoughtful. This book transports you on a journey from "Thirteen Weeks Before" to "Six Months After" in the life of Olivia. Olivia, an 11-year-old girl, goes through many struggles; including having an older brother, Isaac, with Asperger’s syndrome. Olivia senses something bad is on the horizon. She begins to wonder if her parents are getting a divorce, but what she never imagined was that her Mum would be dying. This book teaches you that one-day everyone dies and that you should spend quality time with your loved ones.
Library
Sherwood By Meagan Spooner The lady becomes the legend. Maid Marian never intended to become a beacon of hope for the people of Locksley. She certainly never intended to become Robin Hood, an outlaw and thief hunted by the Sheriff of Nottingham and Guy of Gisborne. After the death of Robin of Locksley- Maid Marian's betrothed and the only one who didn't treat her like a fragile lady- she doesn't know how she will go on. The people of Locksley, however, need a protector and by wearing his cloak and fighting for the people she becomes their hero. Sherwood is a great spin on a classic story, with the usual adventure, danger, romance, and a young woman who is determined to do what’s right. If you enjoy the tale of Robin Hood or even just a really good female protagonist who refuses to be controlled, you will love this book!
X 3000
the key key to to knowledge: knowledge: the Books Books Books
“Reading is essential for those who seek to rise above the ordinary.” – Jim Rohn. Interesting isn’t it? That through reading we increase how extraordinary we all are. Now today’s advancement of technology has produced the E-book. All it takes to read now is a simple scroll. Couldn’t be simpler, right? But is it the same? Research from survey monkey shows that in 2018, while answering the question of do you prefer E-books or printed books, 50% of those who took the survey said that they prefer to read both. About 11% saying they prefer E-books, and 39% preferred printed copies. Comments include: “There’s something about curling up with a good book in one’s hands that can’t be beat” and “I spend enough time on computers at work, need a break,'' to “I like the feel of the pages.” With most preferring the physical over the digital copy, wouldn’t it be easier to just grab a book? Almost everything we do nowadays is sit on our phones. And don’t try to deny it, I’ve seen you all on them. So is it really that hard to flip a page? When you read a physical book you get so sucked into a world that you get to the point where you don’t want to let go of it. Of course it depends on what type of learner you are. Are you one of these? Visual (spatial): You prefer using pictures, images, and spatial understanding. Aural (auditory-musical): You prefer using sound and music. Verbal (linguistic): You prefer using words, both in speech and writing. Physical (kinesthetic): You prefer using your body, hands and sense of touch. Logical (mathematical): You prefer using logic, reasoning and systems. Social (interpersonal): You prefer to learn in groups or with other people. Solitary (intrapersonal): You prefer to work alone and use self-study Remember reading is for everyone. It’s a part of our everyday life, why else do you think teachers ask us to write the notes down in our own words. Reading can take you further than spoken words. It lets your imagination run free. Increase your vocabulary. It takes you away from reality - depending on the book you’re reading. Not to mention there is something for everybody, whether you like fantasy, sci-fi, or a good rom-com. There is always a book for you. Books are there for you; good times or bad. All you have to do is go ask, or go grab it off the shelf. by jordy-lee frankhauser
illustration by Bryre Aish
Search the wordfind for the BOLDED nameof these women. words can do up/down,forward or diagonal
C Q F B M U Z K A W K T X F K D Q F K G Z A I S L E X X V G
M D Q G L W F N C M I L H T E
D A G M A G Y G G G Q E I H G G N R G N A A S Q E H E S O A A P S G C K A T S A L E P E T N R H C A Z Z O M R J O K B L N I N T S R F N R R U Z U Q O
A O C H T O E U M A L A L A I
B R Z K E W R T A U E Z Z Z C E P I M R L U P A O S V V N C T H E B Y I M E S U V W K V L H N K A T N I S S C C T P V A J F R E S G Z M O C U J X I K R O S O Q M E L A N I E I V E
MALALA YOUSAFZAI
J K ROWLING
KATNISS EVERDEEN SARAH J MAAS
MAYA ANGELOU
MARGARET ATWOOD
LEISEL MEMINGER TRIS PRIOR ANNABETH CHASE LADY KATSA MAXINE HONG KINGSTON JULES EMBER
HAZEL LANCASTER CASSANDRA CLARE MELANIE STRYDER GEORGE ELIOT
N E E D Academic tutorials are officially up and running. H ELP WIT H S CHOOL WORK ?
It will be held every Tuesday and Thursday at lunch time in L1 (upstairs class in the library.)
If you would like some help with your classwork or homework of any kind, come along! All year levels are welcome.
MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS
Statistics atistics St calculus calculus
?
A question for the ages.
MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS Statistics or Calculus? A question that strikes fear into Year Twelves all across New Zealand. Can one truly be better than the other? But how can someone compare such vastly different topics with such different opportunities within each of them? I think the question should be; Statistics or Calculus which one do you enjoy better? I think as stressed out NCEA students we can lose focus of the enjoyment we used to take in our learning. Where doing a subject wasn’t about how hard or easy it is to get the credits but about how much fun we had learning it. So who on earth would choose statistics, you might be asking yourself? Statistics offers a perspective that forces you to not only focus on the population at hand but to broaden your mind and see the whole population before making judgements. It also makes you realise that you can’t have a justified opinion on anything without having an entire study to back up what you’re saying. Statistics can also be extremely useful in a range of careers such as; Financial Analyst, Web Developer, Auditor, Software Developer, Doctors and many other professions. Statistics teaches you to apply, understand and learn about graphs. They give you knowledge about probability which is useful in day to day lives helping us make better economic decisions. Calculus allows you to get mad calculator skills, but also how to apply equations to specific differentiating situations. Even if you aren’t a maths genius calculus can still be the subject for you, as it allows critical thinking, applications of problems and being able to interpret equations from a different point of view. These skills can also help you in daily life as you become a great analyser of social situations and how to apply your prior knowledge in a range of situations. Calculus is also extremely helpful for careers such as; Pilot, Doctor, Pharmaceutical Science, Engineering and Computer Science. In conclusion, when deciding which mathematical path to take don’t listen to other people's opinions just listen to what you want to spend your time doing and what you enjoy learning. No matter what, every problem has a solution and even if it takes a long time you can always find the answer to the question, even if it is ‘statistics or calculus?’.
Written Written by by Lucy Lucy Thompson Thompson (Year (Year 12) 12) Illustrated Illustrated by by Nikkaella Nikkaella Lulu Lulu (Year (Year 12) 12)
Mathematics
Mathematics
Immortilising maths, through technology: A n u n l i k e ly p a r t n e r s h i p
Words by Amy Fulton & Angel Chakraborti (Year 12), Illustrated by Rosa Flood (Year 13)
Ever since the invention of the modern computer in the 1950s and calculator in the 1960s, the advancement of technology and its application has improved the lives of mathematicians by tenfold. Inventions such as computers and computer programs have helped mathematicians carry out mathematical inquiries much more efficiently and helped present mathematicians with greater capabilities like statistics reports and data collection that can be s h a r e d e a s i l y a n d p r o f e s s i o n a l l y. In the classroom, technology has also helped maths greatly with the use of calculators which helps students be efficient in exam situations, as well as the use of interactive whiteboards that help aid the teacher and student in many areas such as a slideshow o n s c r e e n , l e a r n i n g v i d e o s a n d o t h e r m a t h e m a t i c a l r e s o u r c e s . H o w e v e r, a n o t h e r p e r spective is that technology in fact has made it harder for mathematics students. For example, the use of graphics calculators which aides students so they don't have to carry out as many mathematical tasks which causes exam writers to increase the level o f d i f f i c u l t y. Te c h n o l o g i c a l i n v e n t i o n s h a v e a l s o h e l p e d m a t h s i n t h e w a y o f s t u d e n t s t h a t m a y h a v e learning difficulties. For example students that are schooled at home through homeschool correspondence or other means can use computer programs that allow access to the online material that other schools can provide and technology can also provide these students with video calling applications for students to be tutored by teachers without the pressure and distractions of a classroom environment. There are also programs like Learn Coach and Education Perfect that help students learn by using modern explanations and learning routes which provide a healthy contrast against the typical classroom equations on the board and textbook scene. To s u m i t u p , t e c h n o l o g y h a s h e l p e d m a t h e m a t i c i a n s o l d a n d y o u n g t o f u r t h e r t h e i r mathematical pursuits in many different ways. But in the end, math remains much the same only in different formats.
Fueling Our Future Fueling Our Future Fueling Our Future By Sara Mohmand & Dahamsi Galappaththi (Year Nine)
We are able to produce the electricity that the world needs without harming the environment by using renewable energy. Renewable energy is generated from sources that naturally replenish themselves and never run out. The most common sources are solar, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass. Over 80% of the energy consumed by humans is derived from fossil fuels. However, renewables are the fastest growing source of energy in the world. Renewable energy has many benefits. Firstly it can combat climate change because it creates no greenhouse gas emissions. For example, nearly 40% of US CO2 pollution comes from power plants burning fossil fuels. The only emissions that Renewable energy produces are indirect meaning those that are a result of manufacturing parts, installation, operation and maintenance. Secondly, it decreases pollution and therefore reduces threats to our health. A key health benefit is that our air and atmosphere would no longer be polluted by greenhouse gases, but also by other pollutants which are emitted by fossil fuel plants. Third, renewable energy is a reliable source of power. Because renewable energy sources are, well renewable they will never run out. Renewable energy isn’t a new discovery. Renewable energy sources have been around for centuries. Sunlight has been used for making fire and wood was burned for cooking and heat. Wind and water power were early sources of energy with the wind being used for propelling ships and turning windmills since ancient times. Rivers were used to turn watermills and the Romans even used geothermal water for heating. Romans used geothermal energy to heat their homes, with warm air moving under floors and inside walls. And in 1921, Albert Einstein won a Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the photoelectric effect which is used in solar panels. Solar panels are fantastic pieces of technology, but we need to work out how to make them even more efficient – and scientists just solved a 40-year-old mystery around one of the key obstacles to increased efficiency. Is renewable energy sufficient? In 2015 New Zealand sourced 40% of its total energy from renewable resources. Most of this was used to produce electricity - the rest was mainly wood fuel used to produce heat for industrial processes and home heating.
A single wind turbine can generate enough electricity to power 1,400 homes. In 1990 a solar-powered airplane managed to fly across the United States in stages, without using fuel. Renewable energy sources, like wind and solar power, now generate almost a third of the UK’s electricity. In Iceland, 100% of the energy is supplied by geothermal and hydropower sources. In 2016, Portugal made history by running on renewable energy alone for 107 hours. The future of renewable energy Solar power may account for the world's main source of power by 2050. Renewable energy can provide 80 percent of U.S. electricity by 2050. Approximately 40% of primary energy is from renewable energy sources in New Zealand. Approximately 80% of electricity comes from renewable energy, primarily hydropower and geothermal power. So we have a high chance of going 100% renewable in the near future. There are several important reasons that make renewable energy extremely important for the future of our society. Positive environmental impact is certainly one of the most important reasons. Fossil fuels when burned, create harmful greenhouse gas emissions and our planet is already feeling the impact of climate change. By using renewable energy instead of fossil fuels we would significantly decrease the current levels of greenhouse gas emissions, and this would have a positive environmental impact for our entire planet. With renewable energy creating 5 times more jobs than fossil fuels and the renewable energy industry experiencing exceptional growth, there are bound to be many opportunities to move into this sector and improve the outlook for our environment. With environmental issues such as climate change accelerating at alarming rates, it is essential that we adopt renewable energy and change our ways to be eco-friendly for the life of our planet. Renewable energy can improve our energy security by reducing the need for foreign oil import. The global oil market has been characterized by extremely volatile prices and our dependence on oil continues to grow. By switching to renewable energy and using more domestic renewable energy sources instead of importing foreign oil we would drastically improve our energy security and energy independence, not to mention the fact that our money would stay inside our borders instead going to OPEC countries. In conclusion, renewable energy is a dependable energy source that can be used in a variety of ways such as electric cars and solar houses. Since renewable energy is renewable we can rely on it to power our generation and future generations too. Renewable energy can be improved in New Zealand by the production of more solar panels, turbines for hydroelectricity and wind turbines. Hence Renewable Energy Can Fuel Our Future!
science
Written by: Supriti Khatry and Maya Sosa (Both Y12) Illustrated by Mikaela Pacis (Yr13)
science What is a man-made product that is cheap to create, takes up to a century to decompose, and is suffocating our planet? Plastic. The process to making it starts with fossil fuel being broken down to retrieve the crude oil. Then this oil is burnt, while releasing carbon dioxide. The toxic chemicals used means it is non-biodegradable and will likely take over 450 years to breakdown! But smaller, unseen particles will always be left. We all know how bad plastic is. We advertise it. We protest against it. We demand change. So, why do we keep using it? We throw away 33% of single use plastic instead of recycling. Simple everyday examples are water bottles, plastic bags, ziplock bags, lunch boxes, coffee cups and most get thrown away bins, which end up in landfills, and more disappointingly the ocean. New Zealand is surrounded by water, so we should try to keep it clean. For the animals, boats, and earth, the only home we have. Each year the amount of dead marine animals found caused by plastic was 100,000. An example of marine animals that are affected include turtles, whales, dolphins, fish and sea birds. Once turtles eat fourteen small pieces of plastic -which is not difficult- their probability they will die increases. The reason being, plastic bags imitating the look of their prey - jellyfish. In countries such as Spain and Thailand whales have been found dead due to having around thirty kilograms of plastic in their stomachs. The amount of sea birds that die from eating plastic is roughly one million. Scientists say that this 90%, percentage will keep increasing… unless we rapidly reduce the amount of plastic we use! If we don’t, it’ll reach 99% in 21 years. In 2008, it was only 44%. However, marine animals aren’t the only creature that eats plastic. You guessed it, we do too.
Every week we unknowingly feast on plastic the same size as a credit card, but as molecules. The plastic coming from things such as seafood and tap water. Some of the toxins found in plastics are known to cause birth defects, cancers, and immune system problems. But, even if that is the case the plastic use in our world is still growing exponentially. Every 11 years the amount of plastic produced is doubled. It is a privileged item that we use in everyday life, but how much longer till plastic becomes the main factor in our demise? To make these digits smaller, we should start throwing our rubbish into the bin. But really, how much is that going to help sea life and us? Since everything goes into the landfill, the ocean or in our soil eventually? How can we change that even if we don’t cut off plastic completely? Firstly we must confront the truth about how it murders animals in the ocean. Then we can find small ways to realistically cancel out a big portion of plastic we use. A recent zero-waste challenge is the attempt to fit your annual amount of rubbish into a single one-cup mason jar.
Three rules to limit plastic waste: Decrease the amount you buy. Eg. packages from overseas, plastic drink bottles Reduce how many single-use plastic you use. Recycle and reuse! A plastic bag has to be recycled 8 times before having the full use out of it. Use bread bags as sandwich bags instead of ziplock.
Technology
The
Vision
In a world that is so busy and buzzing with new technology, sometimes we need to take some time to sit back and appreciate what we have now to fully understand the extent that everything is going to change in the future. In The Vision, the Technology Committee has put together our different ‘visions’ for what we want the future to hold for us in different aspects of life in this society of change and progression.
Technology “My vision for myself is to aid those with disabilities, so they can experience life as much as I have been fortunate enough to experience mine and live their lives to the fullest. Many components fracture the possibility of living a ‘normal life’ but with the continued progression into the research of prosthetic body parts and medicine for mental disabilities, maybe one day things won’t be so hard for them.” - Hannah Laurent “ My vision for my family is for us to record the memories that make us happiest and never let our smiles slip from our faces. Cameras are now everywhere we look, recording and documenting our lives like never before and so we should make a point of seeing the brighter side of life when we are forever in the spotlight.” “ My vision for my city is for it to be the leading city in new development in transport, bad, so why shouldn’t it be us with a more respectable reputation and place in history for positive change.” - Alyssa Vercoe “ My vision for my country is that we may grow to become a more inclusive and welcoming place for those of every race, religion and background. The world holds so many ethnicities, religions, cultures and views on life that we should be more inclined to appreciate the diversity that marks us for who we are rather than putting others down for their beliefs.” “My vision for the world is for everyone to wake to the sound of birds singing and not the deafening crack of guns and grenades. First world countries should change what is accepted in their societies so that all children are given the same opportunities for education and technology and can feel safe in day to day life. - Jeanne-Elise Martin-Jury ” “ My vision for the environment is to eliminate plastic use so that my future children don’t have to live with the consequences of a throwaway generation. With the evolution of greater technology and a more ‘eco’ train of thought coming from society, the future pros pects of plastic use will hopefully be almost non-existent.” -Hannah Laurent “ My vision for the future is for the world to become non-judgemental, accepting everyone for themselves, what they believe in, and who they wish to be. For the world to become one big family.” - Piper Vercoe