GIS project

CONTENTS

ABSTRACTS

KEYWORDS

INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM STATEMENT

METHODOLOGY

SOFTWARE

TYPES OF ANALYSIS

OBJECTIVES

DETAILS OF WORK ON OBJECTIVES

CRITERIA

SUITABILITY ANALYSIS PROCESS

RESULT & CONCLUSION

REFERRENCES

I R I S H A Y N E Y

Apstract

a thorough investigation centered on the protection of a specific plant species on the West Bank. Regression analysis is used in the study to explore the correlations between the variables that pose a threat to the species' extinction and their effects. By conducting a suitability analysis to determine appropriate areas for the plant's growth, the study also aims to suggest workable methods to increase the plant's dispersion. Additionally, by using flood animation to portray a likely future scenario, the abstract highlights the possible influence of future natural calamities, particularly floods, on the survival of the plant. The research's conclusions and suggestions are meant to support efforts to conserve this threatened plant species.

Keywords

Iris haynei ,extinction, regression analysis ,suitability analysis, mosaic, swip, ladsat8(band), animatio, flood, raster calculater, Conservation , ARC GIS, ArcScene .

IRIS HAYNEI, THE STRONGEST NATIONAL PLANT, NEEDS PROTECTION!

Introduction

The Faqqu'a Iris(iris haynei), a renowned member of the Iris family and a priceless value to the area, is one of the stunning array of unique plants found in Palestine, a country with an abundance of plant diversity. This remarkable flower, despite its importance, suffers various difficulties that have added it to the list of endangered species Although the Faqqu'a Iris lives in what appears to be a lonely and uninhabited area northeast of Jenin Governorate, its significance cannot be understated.

The Faqqu'a Iris has not been exempt from the dangers caused by the occupation, as has been the case with many facets of life in Palestine The flower had a horrible ending in the Faqqu'ah Mountains during the erection of the apartheid wall in 2002–2003. The population was severely affected by the settlement growth. In addition, the problems it faces were made worse by overgrazing and expanding urban development. This particular species is also more prone to dangers because it needs a particular and delicate environment to thrive

The Faqqu'a Iris is very particular about the habitat it needs. It is mostly found in mountainous places, where it flourishes in specific types of soil and prefers a height of between 550 and 150 meters above sea level Climate has a significant impact on its growth, requiring dry summers and mild spring temperatures when it begins to bloom, which also happens to be the best time of year for hiking and trekking.

The Faqqu'a Iris is exceptional in both its traits and the particular difficulties it encounters. The Faqqu'a Iris has received honorable distinction It was appropriately named the "National Flower" or "National Plant" of the State of Palestine in 2016, following the recommendation of the Environmental Quality Authority and with the blessing of the Palestinian Council of Ministers. Following this recognition, it received national protection and was included to the nation's most beloved emblems and catchphrases

Beyond its environmental importance, the Faqqu'a Iris' presence has enormous potential to increase tourism in Palestine, especially in its native Faqqu'ah. As tourists and nature lovers learn about the significance and brittleness of this bloom, it raises awareness of the region's larger preservation and conservation challenges

Last but not least, the Faqqu'a Iris serves as a a tribute to Palestine's abundant and varied flora. Despite its ecological importance and widespread recognition, it nevertheless faces numerous challenges, highlighting the need for concerted efforts to protect it from extinction In addition to advancing the cause of biodiversity preservation, preserving this remarkable bloom also draws attention to the cultural and environmental importance of this unstable but resilient region.

IRIS

HAYNEI, THE STRONGEST NATIONAL PLANT, NEEDS PROTECTION!

Proplem statement

The national plant, Iris Faqua, has been exposed to the danger of extinction over the years globally, especially in Palestine, and the fact that the latter has obtained the privilege of embracing this royal plant, which has various advantages if it is on the aesthetic level, as it possesses a violet color, its length and its attractive size, which may reach a length of 60 cm, or its positive impact on tourism. Keeping it alive as a national treasure.

which Figure.1 and Figure.2 show the change in the size of the presence of the flower in the village of Faqu'a in the north from 2000 - 2016, as it decreased significantly due to the aforementioned factors

Distribution of Sawsan Faqu'a in the village of Faqu'a in 2000. Figure.1

Methodology

The main tool in reaching the goals was the geographic information systems program, and the tools used in it in the project, and several programs and sites were included with it, where the process was carried out in a practical sequence.

First, collecting spatial information related to the Faqu’a iris, from its locations to the factors expected to affect its extinction.

software

arcmap

arcscene

google earth

types of analysis

swipe tool It was used to illustrate the difference between the past and present of plant existence

regression analysis

A tool for analyzing the relationship between two variables. It was used to analyze the most affected variable on the plant

suitability analysis

A tool for analyzing factors and determining the best in the future, and it was used to analyze the best sites for the presence and multiplication of the plant in the future.

flood animation

It was used to determine the potential future effect of flooding on the bank affecting the plant

objectives

1. analyzing the causes and elements that threaten the plant with extinction and showing the relationship between these factors and their impact on it (regression analysis)

2- looking for a future and concrete solution to expand the distribution of the plant in the West Bank and finding the best sites in which the plant might host it (suitability analysis)

3- highlighting the impact of the flood as a future natural disaster on the extinction of the plant, “making a future scenario.” (flood animation)

Details of work on objectives

1. analyzing the causes and elements that threaten the plant with extinction and showing the relationship between these factors and their impact on it. (regression and correlation analysis)

This type of analysis was used to show the most important factors affecting plant growth

We have factors like slope, temperature, and urban sprawl

Well, as we get from the research, urban sprawl is the most influencing factor, but there was a debate between temperature and slope, so we analyzed the slope, and as a result slope affects plant more than temperature This will help us assess the importance of factors in a suitability analysis in the future

We created 2 Builder models that show the relationship between the vegetation index (NDVI) and temperature and the other between the vegetation index and the slope. So that the most important tool used within the program to serve this analysis is OLS witch used to lead us to GWR and go to graph of correlation

Details of work on objectives

1. analyzing the causes and elements that threaten the plant with extinction and showing the relationship between these factors and their impact on it. (regression analysis)

The first Builder model demonstrates parsing between DEM and the NDVI we used extract by mask the DEM with our border

The apparent regression shows us a strong relationship between the DEM & NDVI.

Details of work on objectives

1. analyzing the causes and elements that threaten the plant with extinction and showing the relationship between these factors and their impact on it. (regression analysis)

The first Builder model demonstrates parsing between temperature and the NDVI we used extract by mask the TEMPRETURE with our border

The apparent regression shows us a weak relationship between the temperature & NDVI.

Details of work on objectives

2- looking for a future and concrete solution to expand the distribution of the plant in the West Bank and finding the best sites in which the plant might host it. (suitability analysis)

After analyzing the reasons that were included as factors affecting the size of the plant extinction, Iris Faqoua, and knowing the existing relationship with it, the choice was made to use suitability analysis as an analytical tool from the ArcGIS program in order to reach the best sites in which we can plant seedlings of the flower as a kind of preserving and multiplying it in the West Bank based on criteria that were reached after a search for the plant in it and its chronological development

criteria:

1. Dem (Digital Elevation Model): Mountainous areas ranging from 150-550 elevations.

2. LST (Land Surface Temperature) & NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) :

It has been employed (remote sensing maps) as a rich source that ArcGIS receives and converts into data from which it is determined based on different bands and equations. In this project, a map (ID: LC08 L1TP 174038 20160407 20200907 02 T1) was used to reach the above-mentioned criteria (LST, NDVI) as a map

3. soil: terra rosa

4. Rainfall: 500 ml

5. Built up Area: away from it

Detail of some model tools:

The study area, the West Bank, is rather large, and does not fit into a single DEM map, so 6 DEM maps covering the study area were downloaded, so that it is the turn of (MOSAIC tool ) that merges the maps to produce one continuous map.

Detail of some model tools:

ID:LC08_L1TP_174038_20160407_20200907_02_T1)

A map produced by a remote sensor satellite that emits different rays

All this band and its need for mapping is handled in ArcGIS through a tool:

ٌ)RASTER CALCULATER): A tool that performs arithmetic operations for (Bands) inside which each map to be accessed has a different operation for a different (Bands ). And a map LST (Land Surface Temperature), the following operations were followed to reach it:

here is more specific information about suitability analysis:

file:///C:/Users/ASUS/Desktop/third%20year/second%20semester/gis/gis.pdf

Soil

sloap

LST

Rainfal

Builtuo

result & conclusion

After carrying out all the operations included in the model, the result shown in the previous map appeared to us about the best potential sites for expanding the distribution of the plant in the West Bank The map shows the presence of several balanced places in the West Bank that can be resorted to to reduce the extinction of the plant.

Details of work on objectives

Video link attached

The study area was raised in three dimensions, then specific processes were introduced into the animation to come up with a moving flood scenario.

Recommendations

Based on what has been achieved from the above steps, we recommend that the government expand in finding tangible solutions to preserve the plant, and the suitability analysis map itself is a recommendation to be taken into consideration.

In addition to making use of and exploiting map ( NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), which does the following:

As the primary purpose of this criterion is to track the health status of plants, depict periodic biological changes, and estimate crop size, we emphasize the significance of this recommendation for assisting those interested in plant preservation in keeping track of the state of the plant and preventing its extinction.

ID:

LC08 L1TP 174038 2016040

7 20200907 02 T1

Date Acquired: 2016/04/07

Path: 174

Row: 038

The map was brought in the month of April, during the flowering period of the plant

REFERRENCES

– youtube videos :

GeoDelta Labs. (2019, February 7).Flood Animation using 3D Analyst tools of ArcGIS (ArcScene + ArcMap) [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/-vam5rtVCP0

Gis & RS Solution. (2021, February 26).Flood Risk Simulation Map of an area using ArcGIS [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/v8U9pTenlwM

Made 4 Geek. (2017, January 17).ArcGis 3d Analyst/ ArcScene Animation of flood [ video ].

youtube https://youtu be/YOXihcA kgc

Geo 4 You. (2018, March 4). ﻲﺗﺎﺒﻧﺮﺷﺆﻣﻞﻤﻋﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ NDVI ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑماﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ Arc GIS [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/6itVgc4iLSQ

Ahmed Abden (2023, February 25) ﻊﻗﻮﻣﻦﻣتﺎﺳﺪﻧﻻﺔﻴﺋﺎﻀﻓﺔﻴﺋﺮﻣﻞﻳﺰﻨﺗﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ USGS [ video ]

youtube https://youtu.be/b8h4dKDj9jY

يروﺰﻤﻟاﻦﻴﺴﺣ GIS. (2021, April 10). ﻲﺗﺎﺒﻨﻟاءﺎﻄﻐﻟاﺮﺷﺆﻤﻟﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟاوﺔﺣﺎﺴﻤﻟابﺎﺴﺣ NDVI ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑﻲﻓ ARCGIS - ArcMap [ video ].

youtube https://youtu be/pp3q19k7RfM

GISHU. (2021,August 26).ﻞﻴﻤﺤﺗﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ DEM 12.5 m resolution ﺎﻧﺎﺠﻣ [ video ].

youtubehttps://youtu.be/ruCynuz3A5M

Dr Jayanta Das (2021, May 2) How to Mosaic or combine or merge raster datasets- DEM or Satellite images using ArcGIS [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/ROrIlLciz1A

Aarish Maqsood. (2021, August 20). Regression Analysis on Arcgis | Ordinary Least Squares | Graphically Weighted Regression [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/j5vdBIKfhK8

ﻮﻳرﻮﻓﻲﺟ - ge4you. (2020, December 3). ﻦﻣﻢﻴﻣﺎﺼﺘﻟاﻞﻳﻮﺤﺗﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ pdf ﲆﻋﻞﻳﺎﻓﺐﻴﺷﱃا ﺲﻴﺠﻛرأ | convertir les fichiers pdf en shapefile [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/s50PxQY Omk

Tech Miracurol. (2021, November 3). Automatic Digitization (Vectorization) in ArcGIS/ArcMap || Convert Image to shapefile Automatically [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/ppf4066zQQU

GIS & RS Solution. (2020, July 21). Georeferencing JPEG/JPG Image Map or Scanned Map in ArcGIS [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/DDR pjca4lw

REFERRENCES

Geoscience Mapping Solutions. (2021, October 18). GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION IN ARCGIS [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/DEDjYUhH3v4

GIS & RS Solution. (2020, August 4). Supervised Image Classification | Land Use & Land Cover Map in ArcGIS [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/aOCcSdcynMw

Carto Geospatial Solutions. (2023, February 4). Estimation of NDVI by Regression analysis using ArcGIS Software - A simple Case study [ video ].

youtube https://youtu.be/nmgUURrLD5o

– online information sources:

geomolg (for arcmap shapefiles): https://geomolg ps/L5/index html?viewer=A3 V1 explorer (for landsat 8 maps): https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/ earth data (for dem maps): https://search.asf.alaska.edu/#/

– pdf :

Osmolovsky, I., Shifrin, M., Gamliel, I., Belmaker, J., & Sapir, Y. (2022). Eco-Geography and Phenology Are the Major Drivers of Reproductive Isolation in the Royal Irises, a Species Complex in the Course of Speciation Plants, 11(23), 3306 [ file:///C:/Users/ASUS/Downloads/plants-11-03306-v3%20(1) pdf ]

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%86

https://www.mahmiyat.ps/flora-and-fauna/610.html

https://mahmiyat.ps/library/10061.html

https://npa ps/post/208/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%81%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A9%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%B4%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF

https://docs google com/presentation/d/1G 1PTq2-n-1Ry5HHVJ2MgqzXcrjvQLTa/edit#slide=id p5