ADAMSON UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT CE 428-Water Resources Engineering
LAK E CALIRA Presented to: Dr. Tomas U. Ganiron Jr. Presented by: . QUEENCESS ALCANTARA • MAICA BARREDO • LEZTER BATARAO • KAHYD MONZON • ADDA ZAFE
Content DESCRIPTION OF LAKE CALIRAYA CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITIES OF LAKE CALIRAYA CONSTRUCTION OF LAKE CALIRAYA PROBLEMS, ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS OF LAKE CALIRAYA
Description
Lake Caliraya Lake Caliraya is a man-made lake situated in the municipalities of Lumban, Cavinti, and Kalayaan in Laguna province, Philippines.
Lake Caliraya serves as the reservoir for the Kalayaan and Caliraya Power Plants. Lake Caliraya has a geographical approximation of 1,200 meters above sea level.
Lake Caliraya was created in the year 1939 and was purposely developed as a site for water sports.
Lake Caliraya is more than 100 feet high wherein a diversion canal was also created. Lake Caliraya was allegedly found out that there are unknown spirits in and around the lake based from the spine-tingling chronicles of the ancient natives of Caliraya.
Parts of Lake Caliraya
Qualities and
Characteristics
LOCATION Laguna and Quezon,Luzon Island MAX. LENGTH 8 km (5.0 mi) SURFACE AREA 1,050 ha (2,600 acres)
Characteristics SURFACE ELEVATION 300 m (980 ft)
TYPE OF IMPOUNDING RESERVOIR Storage or Conse rvation Reservoir
IMPOUNDS Caliraya River
TYPE Artificial
MAX. WIDTH 3 km (1.9 mi) SHORE LENGTH 157 km (98 mi)
Q U A L I T I E S
Lake Caliraya's bottom, as well as the surrounding hills, are characterized by a reddish clay topsoil. The lake's floor has a very soft clay bottom.
Lake Caliraya is situated approximately 1,200 feet above sea level, and is perched high in the Sierra Madre.
Q U A L I T I E S
Lake Caliraya was later connected with anoth er man-made lake, Lumot Lake, to provide m ore water through a 2.3 km (1.4 mi) undergr ound penstock.
The dam and lake were used as the uppe r reservoir for the Kalayaan Pumped-Stor age Hydroelectric Plant located west of L ake Caliraya, with Laguna de Bay as the l ower reservoir.
Construction
Lake Caliraya was created after the construction of Caliraya Dam, an embankment dam started in 1939
by US Army Corps of Engineers Chief in the Philippines, Lieutenant Colonel (later Major General) Hugh J. Casey, with the approval of Philippine Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon.
Caliraya Dam The reservoir (Lake Caliraya) created b y the dam, initially supplied one of the oldest hydroelectric plants in the Phili ppines, and later became a popular rec reational area for numerous water spo rts and fishing. The dam's construction was started in 1939 under the s upervision of the engineeri ng firm Pedro Siochi and Co mpany and a small hydroele ctric plant was operated in 1942.
Caliraya Dam is an embank ment dam located in the to wn of Lumban province of L aguna, in the Sierra Madre Mountain Range of the Phili ppines.
An embankment dam over 100 feet (30 m) hig h, was constructed across the Caliraya River at its outlet from a large flat plateau area pro viding a large water reservoir for generating hydroelectric power for Southern Luzon from the Caliraya hydroelectric plant.
The base of the dam at the foundation ele vation is at approximately 270 masl and w as constructed on a foundation of alternat e layers of basalt rock and soft materials.
The total length consider ing the west and east dik e is 1,156 m.
The upstream face is protected w ith slabs of cement while downst ream face is covered with grass. The CALIRAYA DAM is a rolled -earth d am with crest elevation at 292 masl an d has a base width of 161.7 m and a to p width of 10 m.
Levels
Surge tank is a water storage device used as pressure neutralizer in hydropower water conveyance system to resists excess pressure rise and pressure drop conditions.
Turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts Tail race, containing tail it into useful work. water, is a channel that carries water away from a hydroelectric plant or water wheel.
Penstock is a sluice or gate or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydro turbines and sewerage systems.
Draft tube is a kind of tube which connects (or acts as an intermediately) between the water turbine exit and tail race.
COMPONENTS OF CALIRAYA HYDR OELECTRIC POWERPLANT ( CHEPP) INTAKE STRUCTURE located on the left bank of the reservoir at El.272.5 m. From the intake until the surge tank; wa ter is conveyed through a circular, reinf orced concrete, 2.5 m diameter conduit.
COMPONENTS OF CALIRAYA HYDR OELECTRIC POWERPLANT ( CHEPP) SURGE TANK 6.1mdiameter and raises 32.9-m above t he foundation (of the Johnson differenti al type) There is a 2.3m diameter maintenance b utterfly valve immediately downstream of the surge tank.
COMPONENTS OF CALIRAYA HYDR OELECTRIC POWERPLANT ( CHEPP) PENSTOCK A 741 m x 2.0 to 2.3 m diameter convey s the water to the powerhouse -supported on concrete saddles and anc hor blocks. (A manifold diverts water into two branc hes and feeds each of the units.
COMPONENTS OF CALIRAYA HYDR OELECTRIC POWERPLANT ( CHEPP) POWERHOUSE contains two Francis vertical turbines a nd synchronous generator with a total guaranteed capacity of 22.6 M
COMPONENTS OF CALIRAYA HYDR OELECTRIC POWERPLANT ( CHEPP) GENERATORS are connected to the main and transfer bus es in the substation through SF6 gas-type ci rcuit breakers rated 1,250A. Two transform ers 13,800/480V feed the plant auxiliaries.
COMPONENTS OF CALIRAYA HYDR OELECTRIC POWERPLANT ( CHEPP) SWITCHYARD There are two feeders connecting Kala yaan and Botocan 115 KV line, each on e equipped with a de-ton grid circuit br eaker. These feeders supply power thr ough two 3-phase power transformers each rated at 22,000 kVA, 13.2 KV / 11 5KV
Issues/ Problems Solutions and
Lake Caliraya's surroundings were occupied by the local squatters and bandits posing as NPA New People's Army, which affected tourism and development.
There has been major real estate developed with the construction of several small resort s and Caliraya Springs, a golf course and country club.
Despite the proliferation of squatters on the roadside due to the negligence of government agencies such as the DPWH (Dept of Public Works and Highways) and Napocor (National Power Corporation), Caliraya continues to be a haven for the rich and the elite, with activities including largemouth bass fishing, wind surfing, kite boarding, wake boarding, jet skiing, water skiing, boating, golf, camping, and other sporting and recreational outdoor activities.
Property values remain high, and a new generation of develop ments, both private and commercial, are slowly coming onstream.