Connections- July 2021

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Vol 22 | Issue 1 | July 2021

| www.asa-inc.org.au

Image Credit: Shutterstock

Editorial My name is May Anderson, and I have just recently joined HBM Group as the Digital Content Coordinator and accordingly, Editor for the Associations biannual publication Connections. I am so grateful for the opportunity and eager to make this role my own and to work with ASA and its highly valued members. I hope you enjoy my first edition – as always, feedback welcomed.

Firstly, we discuss and introduce SmartCrete’s recently approved fast track programs, how the Association is supporting these projects and what each are about. Next, we look at a research project led by Cornell University (New York, US) which turns by-products including flue dusts, sludge and slag into valuable materials using a USD $1.5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy.

We feature a story on WA-based company, Neometals and its partner Critical Metals Ltd, providing insights into the partnership’s Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) to recover vanadium from slag in a new processing plant. Following this, we have a story update on the SmartCrete CRC projects after they were given the ‘green light’ by the Australian Government and esteemed recognition for their research efforts.

TH I S I SS U E

Bringing it back to local news, we look at a new scholarship opportunity at the University of Wollongong formed by dedicated researcher and educator, Dr George Wang. Dr Wang completed his doctorate and contributed greatly to slag research at UOW with the

help of a scholarship. He now wishes to establish a scholarship to return the favour to future students which will support slag research in Wollongong.

The upcoming Roe Highway Logistics Park (RHLP) development is next on the list, detailing ASA member, Boral’s role in supporting the circular economy through supplying slag cement to this new major project in Perth.

The next story following the RHLP development is a new announcement that has been made by the WorldWide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the NSW Government. A new coalition By the name of The Materials & Embodied Carbon Leaders’ Alliance (MECLA) has been formed to reduce carbon emissions in Australia’s building and construction industry through various methods, including the use of low-carbon products.

The final story for this issue showcases the new product range put forth by Holcim Australia that has the potential to change the face of the construction industry, featuring a cement mixture that can be 100% carbon neutral.

Conclusively, the Australasian (iron & steel) Slag Association would like to thank our members for the ongoing support throughout the end of 2020 up until now. A special thanks to those who assisted with providing information to be published in our blog posts- it is much appreciated.

1. Editorial 2. ASA Supports SmartCrete CRC Fast Track Projects.

4. $1.5M Grant to Explore Integrated Reuse of Steel Industry By-Products.

5. Opportunity For a New Slag Processing Plant in Western Australia.

6. SmartCrete Fast Track Project Given The Green Light.

7. Scholarship Opportunity To Provide Stability for Students.

8. Advances in Boral Low-Carbon Concrete.

9. MECLA: Reducing Carbon Emissions In Australia 2.

10. Holcim Promotes New Low Carbon Concrete Range.

11. McI Wins $14.6 Grant from Commonwealth.

12. Finally Face to Face :: Global Slag Conference.

13. 2021 Membership Survey Reminder.

CONTENTS

Hello and welcome to the first edition of Connections for 2021.

CONNECTIONS EDITORIAL TEAM | May 2021 Edition Connections is published by the ASA The Australasian (Iron & Steel) Slag Association Wollongong NSW 2500 Phone: 02 4258 0160 Fax: 02 4258 0169 Email: info@asa-inc.org.au Web: www.asa-inc.org.au Executive Director: Craig Heidrich Editor: May Anderson Design: 101 Design Contributors: May Anderson, Dan Webb, Craig Heidrich Connections is a biannual publication with an online circulation of 1500 copies

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@asa_info

ASA SUPPORTS SMARTCRETE CRC FASTRACK PROJECTS Late last year the Association signed the partner agreement as foundation supporter from bid through to approval of the SmartCrete CRC over the next seven (7) years. As supporters of the recently announced Fast Track program, three (3) projects have received funding ranging from $500,000 to $1 million each and are spread across two (2) of the three (3) SmartCrete CRC research streams, involving collaboration with partner organisations from across the construction materials supply chain.

All SmartCrete CRC Fast Track projects are driven by the needs of industry partners and the end-users with whom they engage. The projects will run for up to the next three (3) years and cover a range of areas, including the following: 1. Wastewater Pipeline Sensing System: Innovative and economical photonic sensor interrogation 2. Recycled Material Concrete Production: Recycled Waste in Concrete for Municipal Applications 3. Concrete Corrosion Tracking and Prediction: Cost-effective, deployable photonic sensor system These three projects represent the first of many to be funded by the Commonwealth, industry and research partners to deliver on the organisation’s goal of guaranteeing the long-term viability of low carbon concrete infrastructure in Australia.

Having received the funding, SmartCrete CRC is now working through a portfolio of 34 active proposals to continue to develop industry-led solutions for Australian concrete infrastructure. The Association has supported five (5) projects which have been shortlisted for further evaluation with a final decision to be made in the coming months.

Image: Steel Cement 200th shipment of granulate slag. (Credit: Independent Cement & Lime Group)

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FAST TRACK PROJECT 1 : WASTEWATER PIPELINE SENSING SYSTEM Project Objectives: Failure of wastewater pipelines due to concrete corrosion is a global problem that custodians of this vital infrastructure face daily. Asset managers are currently unable to monitor concrete corrosion and its contributing factors over long periods of time using conventional sensing methodologies. Optical fibre-based sensing platforms, however, have recently been shown to sustain performance in harsh sewer environments. Such systems though rely on costly interrogators limiting their use. This project aims to develop a cost-effective, field-deployable sensing system using optical components to deliver a time predictive capability to extend the life of sewer networks.

FAST TRACK PROJECT 2 : RECYCLED MATERIAL CONCRETE PRODUCTION Project Objectives: This project will investigate and implement new applications of domestic and industrial waste materials (plastics, rubber, crusher dust, industrial by-products) in the concrete construction industry. It will provide long term environmental and economic benefits to key stakeholders: supply-chain, government, and asset owners. The project is a strategic response to the demand-supply imbalance in the Victorian infrastructure and waste recovery sector with a primary focus on councils and local municipalities.

Concrete production in Victoria relies on aggregate and cement sourced from natural and finite sand and rock deposits. These deposits are declining in viability; there is a shortage of quarry materials and natural sands. Alternative sources of sands and aggregates are urgently required to meet forecasted consumption.

FAST TRACK PROJECT 3 : CONCRETE CORROSION TRACKING & PREDICTION Project Objectives: Sewer pipe failure is a growing worldwide problem as wastewater systems age and come under increasing load. When sewer pipes fail it is disruptive for the general public and comes with high financial, public health and environmental costs. Australia alone spends over $1.4 billion annually on water and sewer pipe maintenance. The project will develop long-lived (> 10 years) “smart coupons”, that once installed, will emulate the physical and chemical conditions in the surrounding concrete wastewater pipes. Smart coupons will track concrete corrosion, predict end-of-service time frames, and improve operational practices to reduce rehabilitation costs of wastewater concrete assets.

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$1.5M GRANT TO EXPLORE INTEGRATED REUSE OF STEEL INDUSTRY BY-PRODUCTS A new research project led by Cornell University (New York, US) will seek an integrated approach to turning by-products including flue dusts, sludge and co-products , such as various metallurgical slags into valuable materials using a $1.5 million from the U.S. Department of Energy.

Co-Product1 (by-product2,3) – means a product that is intentionally generated during the manufacturing process or chemical reaction(s) of the primary product or process. Co-product may also be characterised as essential to the primary product or process, having a critical influence on the properties of the primary product, e.g. the manufacture of crude steel. Iron and Steel Slags are essential co-products to the production of pig iron and steel. Common uses are slag cement and air-cooled iron blast furnace slag and steel slag aggregates. https://www.asa-inc.org.au/knowledge/technical-literature/terminology [accessed May 2021]

The steel industry has sought methods to use the co-products from steel and other manufacturing processes, however, these efforts have a heavy focus on processing independently of each other.

A group of academic and industry experts led by A/Prof Greeshma Gadikota, in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, proposes a new approach that would synergise the recycling of industrial steel by improving the recovery and quality of co-products using carbon dioxide generated during the iron and steelmaking process. The research project is titled; “Integrated Reuse and Co-Utilization of Slag, Sludge and Dust with Inherent Heavy Metal Capture and Nanoscale Calcium Carbonate Production as an Enhanced Fluxing Agent in Steel Plants (INSIGHT).”

Explaining the methods involved in the project, Gadikota says, “Our interest is in developing holistic solutions that harness all the metal-bearing residues and carbon dioxide generated in iron and steel making processes to produce nano-scale calcium carbonate and iron oxide and remove [trace] heavy metals”.

Gadikota continued, “A key differentiator of this approach from existing pathways is the use of regenerable solvents for capturing carbon dioxide directly from flue gas to produce nano-scale carbonates at much lower temperatures in a process-intensified manner.”

The group, including investigators from Columbia University, research and development firm Reaction Engineering International, and engineering management company HATCH, will focus on three specific areas:

•

The synthesis of uniform nanoscale calcium carbonate from slag using regenerable solvents. Uniform nanoscale particles can be used to enhance the reaction kinetics and predictability of steel manufacturing processes compared to the conventional use of limestone.

•

Iron oxide recovered from the alkaline residues will be reused in the steel making process.

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Recovered silica will be functionalized to separate the undesirable metal constituents such as lead, copper, and nickel.

The team will investigate the overall efficiency of current steel manufacturing processes and reduce the number of materials that need to be treated and landfilled. There are other economic benefits to adopting this approach according to Gadikota, such as US Federal Tax credits that reward companies for capturing and reusing carbon dioxide. Members of the group have previously worked together to advance technologies for carbon dioxide capture, conversion and storage, and hold several key patents that will enable the research funded by the new grant.

The new approach also includes principles of the circular economy, with Gadikota providing evidence in research to suggest, “This exciting project directly addresses our societal mission of meeting our resource needs in an environmentally sustainable manner,” said Gadikota. “Iron and steel use is ubiquitous in our infrastructure. INSIGHT is a unique opportunity to engage and train our students in developing innovative technologies that are central to our ability to live,” said Gadikota.

Credit: Cornell University

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OPPORTUNITY FOR A NEW SLAG PROCESSING PLANT IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA. Vanadium (V). An important element used to make steel alloys, aircraft carriers, batteries and various other goods, is derived from mineral concentrates and can also be recovered from coal combustion products (e.g. fly ash) and iron and steel slags.

The WA-based company, Neometals is on track to deliver a Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) to recover vanadium from slag in a new processing plant. Once processed, the vanadium recovered from the slag will be used in batteries overseas by a company based in Europe.

Neometals is hoping to commission the processing plant after receiving feedback from this European based customer and product samples.

In a 50/50 partnership with Critical Metals Ltd, the pair aim to utilise deposits of slag, extract vanadium and recycle it, limiting expenditure and waste whilst also acquiring a potential zero carbon footprint.

Bound by a 10-year slag supply agreement, Neometals is eager to have production underway by 2022. The agreement also states that this slag recovery facility will be capable of processing 200,000 tonnes of slag per annum, without the need for a mining site.

Neometal’s new processing plant will greatly benefit the Australian slag processing sector. Not only will the project bring attention to the benefits of slag, but it will also promote eco-friendly practices in other industries and shine the spotlight on Australian slag production internationally.

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SMARTCRETE FAST TRACK PROJECT GIVEN THE GREEN LIGHT. Earlier this year, the Association posted a news brief extending our support for the SmartCrete CRC fast track projects. In February 2021, SmartCrete CRC was showcased as part of the Concrete Institute of Australia’s weekly webinar series. The webinar focused on three (3) projects that have been given the ‘green light’ by the government and how these will, advance the cement and concrete industry. The Recycled Material Concrete Production project (RMCP), presented by Professor Rebecca Gravina was featured.

PROJECT OVERVIEW The RMCP project will investigate and implement new applications of domestic and industrial waste materials (plastics, rubber, crusher dust, industrial by-products) in the concrete construction industry. It will also provide long term environmental and economic benefits to key stakeholders including supply-chain, government, and asset owners.

As stated in the project overview, RMCP is a strategic response to the demand-supply imbalance in the Victorian infrastructure and waste recovery sector with a primary focus on councils and local municipalities. Concrete production in Victoria relies on aggregate and cement sourced from natural and finite sand and rock deposits. These deposits are declining in viability; there is a shortage of quarry materials and natural sands. Alternative sources of sands and aggregates are urgently required to meet forecasted consumption.

OUTCOMES AND BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT 1. Optimise concrete mix formulations with combinations of recycled plastic flakes (HDPE) and fines (PET), rubber fines (LDPE), crusher dust fines, recycled concrete aggregates, and supplementary cementitious materials.

2. Develop guidelines for contractors and performance requirements for premix delivery of concrete with recycled material content.

3. Turn waste streams into raw materials.

4. Guarantee the supply chain.

The Australasian (iron & steel) Slag Association is proud to continue support for this project and congratulates SmartCrete CRC on their achievements.

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SCHOLARSHIP TO PROVIDE STABILITY FOR ASPIRING STUDENTS Dr George Wang - a dedicated educator and scholar who has contributed to slag research in Australia, received a scholarship in 1989 to study his doctorate at the University of Wollongong (UOW) and is now returning the favour to the next generation of students who wish to study civil engineering by establishing an ongoing scholarship.

Growing up in Tianjin, China during difficult economic times, life wasn’t always easy for UOW alumni Dr Wang. At the age of 17, he left his hometown for inner Mongolia to live in a rural environment and learn farm and construction work. Regardless of his various early life challenges, Dr Wang’s love of learning has been a constant variable throughout his life, and his passion for civil engineering grew out of this first job in the construction industry.

After he finished his undergraduate and graduate degrees at Tongji University in Shanghai, Dr Wang returned home to teach civil engineering and share his love of learning with other students. It was during this time that Dr Wang came across UOW academic, Dr Denis Montgomery’s publications on the topic of slag research. He wrote a letter to Dr Montgomery asking to join UOW’s graduate study program, which he was accepted into with the support of an industry scholarship, sponsored

by BHP and ASMS with Dr Montgomery as his supervisor.

area of study, knowing just how difficult it can be to receive an education.

The scholarship known as ‘The Wang Family Scholarship in Civil Engineering’ is valued at $10,000 P/A and will support a student (domestic or international) who has declared a major of Civil Engineering, in their second year (or above) of a Bachelor of Engineering degree in hopes to encourage and support aspiring students. “I feel it is the time for me to and I should give back to my alma mater, UOW and the department, which made the critical turning point in my life in many ways. I love the place where I spent one of my most important life journeys here [UOW],” Dr Wang told UOW.

So in early 1989, with just over $200 in his pocket and inspired by the University being close to the steelworks, Dr Wang moved to Australia to complete his PhD in civil engineering at UOW to begin working alongside Dr Montgomery. After stretching his time amongst university study and working at a restaurant on weekends for a few months, Dr Wang was lucky enough to be the first recipient of several local industry-sponsored scholarships established

by Dr Montgomery for his students.

These scholarships allowed for Dr Wang to complete his study with financial pressures taken care of. “I want to thank him [Dr Montgomery] for making this opportunity possible for me all those years ago,” Wang said.

Following the completion of his PHD, Dr Wang kept in contact with staff at UOW and with the Australasian (iron & steel) Slag Association in efforts to keep up with slag research in Australia. In addition to this, he also established a scholarship in his family name for students interested in this

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BORAL ADVANCES THEIR LOW-CARBON CONCRETE If successful in the trial phases, Boral has announced they hope to supply their decarbonised concrete to be used in Perth’s new Roe Highway Logistics Park development.

Boral claims the Envisia® concrete uses ground granulated blast furnace slag to replace up to 50% of the usual Portland cement, maintaining strength and improving durability, resulting in a 40% reduction in carbon content.

The Roe Highway Logistics Park will be funded by the Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC), which proposes to use solar panels together with the low carbon concrete (LCC) to create the most sustainable industrial property in Perth.

The Roe Highway Logistics Park (RHLP) has already received $95 million from the CEFC on behalf of the Australian Government and is expected to be built over the next two years.

1/5 of Australia’s greenhouse emissions come from the construction materials industry, meaning the push for low carbon concrete-related products is in considerable demand. “The construction sector is a significant emitter of greenhouse gases and the lack of low carbon alternatives to traditional building material has so far made it difficult to abate” CEFC, CEO Ian Learmonth said, reinforcing the importance of LCC. With new releases of low-carbon products, progress is being made. “Exciting developments in low carbon construction materials are giving us the chance to accelerate decarbonisation, and success in this sector will help spur Australia’s transition to a low emissions economy.”

Learmonth said, “It’s encouraging to see the development of new low carbon concrete products such as Boral’s Envisia, which could change the construction landscape nationwide as the building industry represents around a quarter of the country’s greenhouse gas emissions”. Continuing “Importantly, the focus on low carbon construction materials at RHLP can play a critical role in influencing supply chains in the construction industry. This offers a new pathway to cut emissions from the supply chain, known as scope three emissions, and provides a worldleading example of low carbon options for the industry,” Learmonth said.

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MECLA: REDUCING CARBON EMISSIONS IN AUSTRALIA BlueScope and Holcim, have joined forces with the NSW Government and WWF-Australia in a new coalition to reduce carbon emissions in Australia’s building and construction industry.

Launched on the 22nd of April 2021, The Materials & Embodied Carbon Leaders’ Alliance (MECLA) aims to drive reductions in embodied (upfront) carbon across the building supply chain.

The formation of this alliance will allow the 41 organisations involved to work collaboratively to create demand for products like greener steel, concrete, cement and aluminium, alternative products like mass timber, and reused and reformed waste materials that can be used to reduce carbon emissions in Australia’s construction industry and then, exported to the world.

CEO of WWF-Australia, Dermot O’Gorman, said that "the economies of the world are transitioning towards a lowcarbon future and Australia cannot afford to be left behind."

“MECLA brings together key industry partners and governments to achieve outcomes that will help pave the way to reaching our Net Zero carbon goals. The enthusiasm right across the supply chain has been overwhelming and we believe this initiative can help Australia seize a oncein-a-lifetime opportunity to become a renewable export powerhouse.” Mr O'Gorman added.

With an understanding of the complex nature of the construction ecosystem, MECLA includes working groups that cover both demand-side and supply-side of the industry, all working to align industry within the principles of the Circular Economy.

The WWF has stated that the Working Groups will develop

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tangible and actionable measures for the industry to act on, which will include: •

Demonstrating the demand and activating the supply of construction materials that meet the needs of net-zero carbon goals.

•

Defining a best practice embodied carbon evaluation framework to increase transparency and accountability.

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Knowledge sharing through best practice education, case studies, myth-busting, demonstrations, and supporting innovation in materials and processes as part of a pre-competitive approach.

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Developing a common language for design specifications, procurement guidelines and tendering criteria as standard practice for government agencies and companies.

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Helping to manage the industry’s climate transition risks, risks associated with adopting innovative materials and the development of the required skills.

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Supporting materials such as steel, cement and concrete, and aluminium to reduce their carbon intensity.

ASA's members, BlueScope and Holcim, are assisting Australia in maintaining its position as a desirable, responsible trading partner in the global market whilst also incorporating principles of the circular economy into the wider community through the actions of this coalition. The future looks bright!

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HOLCIM PROMOTES NEW LOW CARBON CONCRETE RANGE On the 29th of April 2021, Holcim Australia released an all-new low carbon concrete product range that can be used in both residential and large-scale infrastructure projects. Holcim cites the product’s success in 13 other countries as motivation to release this product to Australia's construction industry, moving us a step towards a greener future.

Holcim claims their low carbon product, known as ECOPact, is a concrete mix that uses new technology in conjunction with industry by-products (see table below, typically fly ash and slag) to reduce carbon content found in concrete mixtures that use natural resources. ECOPact claimed low carbon concrete (LCC) helps builders, developers, architects, engineers and designers reduce the embodied carbon in residential, office and infrastructure projects by up to 30% and 60% compared to average standard mixed concrete.

Holcim additionally released an Australian-first accredited carbon offset program, ECOPactZERO which reduces carbon reduction to 100% when combined with ECOPact; making dreams of 100% carbon-neutral projects a reality. The graph below demonstrates the difference between these new products to conventional mixtures.

RENEWABLE FUEL FROM Credit: Holcim

Concrete is the next most-used material on earth (after water) and the demand for this material is only growing. With the development of low-carbon products such as ECOPact and its counterpart ECOPactZERO, the construction industry can do its part to protect our environment. As stated in Holcim’s media release, ECOPact can do this through the reduction of the carbon footprint produced by concrete up to 100% with the use of offsets, whilst also conserving natural resources and additionally contributing to a circular economy by diverting resources from landfill and closing material cycles.

To put the impact of this new product range into perspective, Holcim states that if a project like the Sydney Harbour Bridge was built using ECOPact at only 60% embodied carbon reduction, it would be the equivalent of removing 14,700 cars off the road for one year. With data like this, ECOPact has the opportunity to reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions produced by the construction industry that currently make up 1/5 of Australia’s total emissions, which is considered to be a huge step in concrete innovation.

Chief Executive Officer of Holcim Australia & New Zealand, George Agriogiannis, released a statement regarding the new range saying, “I am proud to announce our commitment to helping reduce the embodied carbon of concrete construction. We pride ourselves on being a solutions provider to our customers and ECOPact is a substantial shift towards sustainable construction,” he said.

The Australasian (iron & steel) Slag Association CEO, Craig Heidrich commented, "It pleasing to see another company in Holcim stepping up and making a substantial shift towards contributing to a more sustainable construction industry - supporting the circular economy through increased adoption/inclusion of co-products like iron and steel slags in the manufacture of low carbon concretes".

Credit: Holcim Australia & New

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MCI WINS $14.6M GRANT FROM COMMONWEALTH In late 2020, the Australasian (iron & steel) Slag Association participated in a small- scale project initialised by the Mineral Carbonation International (MCi). This project determined the potential of reducing CO2 emissions in various materials, including concrete and cement.

Since then, ASA has maintained a close relationship with MCi and has supported them in various ventures.

On the 8th of June 2021, it was announced by The Minister for Energy and Emissions Reduction, Angus Taylor that MCi would receive substantial funding towards a new project of a similar nature to the endeavour ASA was previously involved in. This comes after the Australian Government awarded $50 million to the Carbon Capture, Use and Storage (CCUS) Development Fund in efforts to reduce CO2 emissions in Australia. Only a total of 6 companies were awarded a share in this development, and Australian Cleantech developer MCI was one of the few. Awarded with one of the largest individual grants, MCi’s $14.6 million grant for the project ‘Australian CCU Flagship: Demonstrating decarbonisation for heavy industry' will accelerate MCi’s technology that transforms CO2 emissions into valuable advanced manufacturing and consumer products.

The Grant will be used to build the ‘MCi Carbon Plant,' a world-first mineral carbonation mobile demonstration plant in Newcastle, Australia. The MCi Carbon Plant will be established on Orica's Kooragang Island and will have direct access to approximately 250,000 tonnes of captured CO2 from Orica's manufacturing operations. It is expected to be completed in two years, with the scale of the plant to be determined once the final pilot studies and engineering designs are finalised by the conclusion of 2021.

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FINALLY FACE TO FACE GLOBAL SLAG CONFERENCE The 15th edition of the Global Slag Conference and Exhibition will take place in Vienna, Austria, on the 18th - 19th January 2022. The conference covers topics including slag production and improvement, slag beneficiation and valorisation, slag markets and trade, and slag applications worldwide. All participants in the global slag industry are welcome to join the event.

The meeting was originally due to have taken place in May 2020 but was first postponed to November 2020 and then to June 2021. During this time, the Global Slag event has taken place online, with strong audiences from around the world. the realworld event appropriate COVID-19 precautions will be taken, with details here: https://www.propubs. com/about-us/coronavirus-policy The 15th Global Slag Conference will include an exhibition of equipment and service providers, as well as the Global Slag Awards Dinner at the Palais Pallavicini in Vienna.

Nominations for the awards

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are already open, and you do not have to attend the event to be able to nominate and vote.

Full details and the call for papers are at the Global Slag website.

Global Slag addresses critical areas for slag producers and users alike for both the iron & steel industry and for the cement and construction materials industries around the world.

The Global Slag Conference is now established as the world's greatest meeting place for slag professionals. Alongside discussion of the latest innovations, the event provides vital exhibition and networking opportunities.

Formerly published as a separate magazine until 2008, slag continues to be more than adequately covered as a regular feature section in Global Cement Magazine.

Be sure to visit Global Slag's webpage to keep up with the latest news, information and industry links, as well as providing downloadable articles from Global Slag Magazine's extensive archives.

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2021

MEMBERSHIP SURVEY REMINDER

The Australasian (iron & steel) Slag Association (ASA) publishes an annual survey for information regarding iron & steel slag production and sales by members and non-members for each calendar year. The Association publishes an annual membership survey report providing a brief overview and commentary on the statistics and figures returned by our survey participants regarding their annual production and sales of iron & steel slags.

For those companies who have received the membership survey, this needs to be returned ASAP for the results to be aggregated and reported. If you are having any trouble completing the survey, please contact the office at (02) 4258 0160 or by email at info@asa-inc.org.au.

WE NEED YOUR CONTENT

Connections is produced twice a year for the benefit of ASA members and before each publication is drafted, an email is sent to all members urging them to contribute their stories.

The types of content we are looking for include: New developments or technologies

New projects

New employees

We also have a Member Profile section, which is open to all member companies for contributions on behalf of the business in general, or a specific employee. So if you have an idea or content that you think might make an interesting article, get in contact with the Association today: publications@asa-inc.org.au

SUBSCRIBE TO www.asa-inc.org.au Views expressed in Connections newsletter do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Australasian Slag Association.

All contributions are welcomed, though the publisher reserves the right to decline or edit for style grammar, length and legal reasons.

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