HealthByDesign Compendium Class of Winter 2020 by #HealthByDesign @ University of Michigan

A Compendium of Student Work UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN EXPERIMENTAL SEMINAR: ARCH 509/409 TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING

Introduction The world is in crisis today. It has more than ever beforeand more to lose as well. At the core of this crisis is our health as a planet, as people, and as a society. This course is set up to explore systemic issues of health and address them along the design continuum- from information, to product, to place, to policy, while being anchored on the environments we live in, and the human minds & behaviors that shape them. The built environment sets the stage on which the theater of life happens- the question we pose is how to set the stage for better health, while understanding that we work in an interdependent eco-system.

University of Michigan Experimental Seminar Arch 509/409 Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning, Professor Dr. Upali Nanda Winter 2020 Compendium Final Edit Compilation By Andrea Marquez Cover Design By Makenzie Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Connor Website: healthbydesign.cargo.site

This course is founded on the belief that design makes a difference. We will learn how to link design intent to health outcomes. We will understand what it means to truly improve health and wellbeing (physical and mental). What are the measures? Are they meaningful? Do they matter? Can we, as a community, link our design intent to meaningful outcomes, and honestly assess how (and why) we failed? We will learn about evidence-based design and evidence-challenging design. We will take on issues of health and design that are in debate across our industry today. We will learn about core areas like public health, clinical outcomes, safety, technology, and human perception- and then seek to bridge this insight, across disciplines, to three foundational concerns of our times: Contagion, Climate and Community. How do we set the stage for better health, by design? The theme for the Winter 2020 course is intergenerational design to improve mental health. Dr. Upali Nanda January 2020 3

Introduction Point of Decision Design

Projects 7 Diet Assistance Community Forests D.I.S.Ability Ann Arbor Modified Mobility Active Work Wellness Policy Universal Grocery Stores MDining Design Movement by Design More In, Less Out Learning Landscapes Walking for Better Learning Street Greenings Reversing Nomophobia Consumption of Alcohol in Moderation The Cure for Corn

Intergenerational Design for Mental Health

Final Projects

Project head.hands.heart Mental Health Infrastructure Ageless Gumption New Thresholds Office on Demand Shelf / Life What do I want for dinner weHeartLIVE! Play_grounds MobilityByDensity Intergenerational Learning Healing Landscapes Stories to Heal Study Companion Baby Zs or iBoomers? Interim Shelter LA Homeless

Class of 2020 Bios 75

Decisions. Decisions. Decisions.

Point of Decision Design (PODD) Projects What gets in the way of making a healthier decision? The Point of Decision Design (PODD) enables designers and creative thinkers to identify key elements that ultimately leads someone to make a final choice. With HealthByDesign, the decision-making process can influence a healthier outcome, which affects future considerations for greater lifestyle impact. Students were given exercises and instruction on how to practice altering the point of decision using personas. Personas resemble real-world interviews and scenarios to aid design strategies in response to different problems. In addition to developing creative strategies to affect a decision, design intent were linked to research that enhance desired health outcomes. The proposals were evaluated and analyzed along the design continuum, which is a spectrum of scale: information, product, interior, architecture, urban realm, policy. In the upcoming pages, each proposal showcase a summary of research, images, and descriptions along the design continuum.

Imagine in the scenario of being in the grocery store. There are so much food and so many options to choose.

Then

Most people are likely to buy everything they like and to stock up your refrigerator. However, people have a tendency to not finishing most of the food and half of things would gone bad, they would end up with buying things they had already bought.

With the help of Diet Assistance

Monthly records of how much have saved

Frequency of throwing out food

Frequency of eating at home

Weight loss

HealthByDesign Compendium

Diet Assisstance Automatically generating recipes based on products available in the refrigerator

Wenjing (Jane) Cen

Based on the Research analysis of the article Frequency of eating home cooked meals and potential benefits for diet and health: cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study published on The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, In a cross-sectional population-based study, consuming home cooked main meals more frequently was associated with a range of indicators of a healthier dietâ&#x20AC;Ś findings suggest that regularly eating home cooked meals may confer benefits to diet and health, and that home cooking promotion and skill development should form part of future public health initiatives. [1]

Why: + To help reduce food waste + To encourage people to adapt healthier diet habits of eating home cooked meals

In addition, according to The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Americans eat less than the recommended amounts of vegetables, fruits, wholegrains, dairy products, and oils. This indicates in the foreseeable future, there will be a trend in more people adapting the new and healthier eating habit. [2] The design intervention is an app that can automatically generate recipes based on products available in the refrigerator. People will record the items they have bought in the grocery stores and the app will search through the greater database with possible recipes available based on purchase ingredients.

INFORMATION INFORMA TION

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

ARCHITECTURE

PLACE

How: + Notifications of the items already have in refrigerator + Approximations of food items freshness + Estimations of possible recipes in arranging different food combination What: A auto-generated app for home-cooked recipes. So What: To help reduce food waste and to encourage people to adapt healthier diet habits of eating home cooked meals.

URBAN REALM

POLICY

VISIBLE DESIGN IMPACT IN COMMUNITY LOCATION OF PARKS IN THE BRONX

INFORMATION TO FILL THE KNOWLEDGE GAP

10 HealthByDesign Compendium

Community Food Forests Designing access to healthy food creations from local community gardens

Keerti Nair

The design proposal involves the creation of food forests in public parks around the neighborhood, especially ones that are access routes for people in the community. This can be measured by checking footfalls through the parks. Once a community food forest is created and a source of food products is available in the communities - it becomes vital to inform and educate the residents on better eating practices. This is achieved by downloading an app that pings relevant information onto a persons phone as they pass by the produce that is growing.

What / Why: The provision of access to healthy food combined with the access to knowledge of healthy recipes will push people in the community to have a healthier diet.

The impact of the design proposal would be the accessibility to both healthy food and the information that makes a difference when it comes to following a healthier diet. The information that becomes vital to low-income families is less about calorific value and more about the ease of preparation and the time required to prepare a meal. The visual impact of both seeing fresh food being grown in the community along with the images that pop-up on the phone along with the recipes act as a driver for people to eat healthier. Measuring the success of the design intervention in the short term could be through checking the footfalls through the parks. Longterm success can be measured by checking diabetes rates in hospitals in the area and checking for visible changes.

INFORMATION INFORMA TION

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

ARCHITECTURE

PLACE

URBAN REALM

POLICY

INFORMATION

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

INFORMATION

PRODUCT

ARCHITECTURE INTERIOR

URBAN REALM ARCHITECTURE

URBAN REALM

PLACE PLACE

15% + 25%

= 40%= 40%

INTERVENTION

USAGE

INFORMATION

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

UNDERSTANDING ARCHITECTURE PLACE

15% + 25%

URBAN REALM

EXISTING

WHY IS EVERYTHING SO DIFFICULT

= 40%

A B

A A B

IMPACT

EXISTING WHY IS EVERYTHING SO DIFFICULT

EXISTING

WHY IS EVERYTHING SO DIFFICULT

12 HealthByDesign Compendium

WHY IS EVERYTHING SO DIFFICULT

D.I.S

ABILITY

Designers Integrating Strategy

D.I.S.Ability Designers Integrating Strategy

Nick Hennessey

In todays-built environment, inclusion is many times overseen to create an environment for MOST of the people, but not ALL. This design intervention program called D.I.S.ABILITY or Designers Integrating Strategy for Ability would be an educational organization that questions existing codes and programs of the built environment through traveling installations which test environments through people of variable abilities.

What / Why: Implementing test environments of existing architectural codes in public gathering spaces within the educational organization D.I.S.Ability will improve the general awareness of architectural accessibility and aim for a long-term effect of changing architectural code and practice to create a more equitable builtenvironment.

According to WHO, the World Health Organization, about 1 billion people have some kind of functional diversity, about 15% of the global population and additionally about 25% has some kind of temporary or permanent limitation in the use of the physical environment. The IBC, the International Building Code, and the ADA, the American with Disabilities Act, set a minimum threshold, which sets a framework for the building environment to allow most to function within a space. As codes can continuously evolve with the changing public, a small change can have a large impact on not only the built environment but individualâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s well-being. The goal is to spur conversation on how communities can begin designing a more inclusive environment; To not necessarily provide the answers but bring forth the questions and conversations.

INFORMATION INFORMA TION

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

ARCHITECTURE

PLACE

URBAN REALM

POLICY

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[1]

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aged individuals [2]

INTERVENTION

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Zone 1 - Walking, Bike Zone 2 - Bike

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Zone 1 - Walking, Bike

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Zone 2 - Bik

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[3]

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f dying from all s [3] 14 HealthByDesign Compendium

47% of

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Lower risk of dying from all causes [3]

74% of people report a loss of Mental of people report a loss of Stress of people report a loss of Anxiety [3]

of people report a change in happiness levels contributing to Depression [3]

Social PDecrease

in household spent on transportatio

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accessibl activities throughout the co

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for Michigan residents. carpooling [5]

ans are

is leading or middle

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Future

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Social

P Zone 1 - Walking, Bike

perience from over

$3,600 commuter cost on average

Bike

Zone 3 - Bike 90.9% commute by driving alone or

Bus

Zone 2 - Bike

for Michigan residents. carpooling [5]

ans are

is leading or middle

Walking

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tal, and social well-being as well as a more desirable urban

a loss of

change in buting to

Future

Social

Car

Zone 1 - Walking, Bike

Decrease in household income Zone 2 - Bike

spent on transportation

Bike

Zone 3 - Bike Decrease in traffic congestion and

emissions from commuter vehicles

Bus

Increased accessiblity to activities throughout the community

Bike Stations Walking

Bike Stations Bike Stations Commuter Route Commuter Route Social P

a loss of

Decrease in household income

a loss of

Decrease in traffic congestion and

change in buting to

Increased accessiblity to activities throughout the community

ike

Car

spent on transportation

Bike

emissions from commuter vehicles

Bus Walking

Ann Arbor Modified Mobility Car Free and accessible bike options for UM students, staff, and faculty

causes of poor health, but can be remedied through basic commuter decisions if a proper infrastructure system is put into play. Providing free and accessible bike options for UM students, staff, and faculty can positively impact the health of the general Ann Arbor community.

Bus

Funding for Ann Arborâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s free bike share system is envisioned using funding from (1) the university and city from existing transportation services. The university spends over $23 million annually on transportation services, most of which goes towards modes of transport utilizing fossil fuels. Biking also improves road conditions, which would reduce the consistently increasing amount the city spends on road repair, and could incentivise them to invest. (2) There is also funding potential for employers to invest, as case studies in Ann Arbor have shown bike commuters utilizing less sick days, which has potential to save companies millions spent on paid time off annually.

Walking Walking

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

Will Deutsch

Millions of Americans suffer from poor health conditions resultant from lifestyle Bike choices that they make on a daily basis. Lack of exercise is one of the leading

INFORMA INFORMATION TION

Commuter Route

tal, and social well-being as well as a more desirable urban

ARCHITECTURE

PLACE

What: The proposed bike network utilizes a radial layout of free bike share locations available to all University of Michigan students, staff, and faculty. Bike stations are positioned at major transportation routes at multiple distances from the city to allow people outside of the city center to easily access them. The locations also utilize existing road infrastructure that already designed for bike traffic. So What: Research proves that transitioning to bike and walking heavy commuting has large physical, mental, and social health implications. The proposed system will result in a healthier community, safer streets and neighborhoods, and ultimately a more appealing place to study, work, and live.

URBAN REALM

POLICY

PRODUCTIVITY

Continuing Leadership in Heart Disease and Stroke Research

+ HEALTH

Advocating for Greater Prevention and Healthy Lifestyle

sp o li c y

Monitoring High Blood Pressure

l e w

4 Improving Surveillance for Heart Disease, Stroke, and Related Health Factors

There is a difference between company image and actual practice- and it may take vocalizing research using policy recommendations to get there. These changes in work environments can impact other parts of our lives. What will it take for health monitoring and action to become normalized? Can this exist across the spectrum of companies or only those who can afford it?

16 HealthByDesign Compendium

act

iv e - w ork -

Enabling Physical Activity/ Physical Fitness

Health Partnerships to Integrate Workplace Wellness Policy Normalizing and facilitating healthier and active workplace environments

Andrea Marquez

This policy intervention seeks to combine existing policy goals that the American Heart Association (AHA) â&#x20AC;&#x153;supportsâ&#x20AC;? but may not be directly involved in to create an outcome. By developing social normatives of active healthy work, improving long-term workplace wellness and influencing behavior change can be achieved. In addition, the intervention calls for partnerships among different disciplines, such as technological companies who focus on health products. More monitoring products can be discussed among health professionals and doctors to make room for improvement, thus improving their overall accuracy. If more products can access a national medical record registry, the transfer of medical information will be less redundant and costly for the patient. To develop a more robust research base, employees can use these products during work and vacation periods.

Why: Inactivity while working impacts heart health, which may lead to cardiovascular disease. This is the leading cause of death in the US.

Greater Risk Prevention and Healthier Lifestyle Options Re-normalization of personal time off, mental health days, paternity leave, remote work access, can produce more active and inclusive work environments. Healthy employees take fewer sick days and reduce overall health costs. Stress management frameworks and other support systems improve mental wellness and cardiovascular health. These are preventative actions as opposed to treatment responses.

INFORMATION

PRODUCT

INTERIOR

ARCHITECTURE

PLACE

How: Normalizing workplace wellness through policy intervention. What: Involving lobbying power companies, such as the AHA, to partner with other sectors directly impacts heart health decision making lifestyles. So What: Having an influence in the decision making process will reduce heart disease, which nearly impacts 1/4 of all Americans and reduces healthcare costs.

URBAN REALM

POLICY

FAMILY.

DONT FEEL EXCLUDED.

HAS MADE A REAL DIFFERENCE IN MY LIFE.

HEALTHBYDESIGN : UNIVERSAL GROCERY STORES KEVIN BECHARD 2/9/2020

TO MEASURE THE RATE OF SUCCESS OF THIS DESIGN OUTCOME WOULD BE CHALLENGING AND COULD POTENTIALLY PROVIDE TO EXOTICIZE COMMUNITY MEMBERS OF THE GROCERY STORE. THE STORE WILL NEED TO DEVELOP A SYSTEM WHERE THEY WILL COUNT THE NUMBER OF ITEMS SOLD IN CERTAIN AREAS OF THE STORE WITH THE UNIVERSAL DESIGNED ELEMENTS IN PLACE.

CCESS WWW.SOUTHWESTSOLUTIONS.COM

WS UDED MORE HE

DRIBBBLE.COM/

THE USE OF A KICK PLATE, PULL DOWN SHELVING, WIDER ISLES TO ALLOW FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PERSONS WITH A HEARING IMPAIRMENT, AND IMPLEMENTING BRAILLE ON THE MAJORITY OF THE SHELVING IS SOME OF THE CHANGES TO MAKE A POSITIVE CHANGE.

-I CAN NOW FOCUS ON THE HEALTH OF MY FAMILY.

- THE COMMUN REALLY GROW DONT FEEL EX

WWW.US.KOHLER.COM/US/

IMPLEMENTING A HYPOTHESIS: PROVIDING UNIVERSAL SHELVING IN STORES WILL PROVIDE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES GREATER ACCESS IN THE SHORT TERM, AND CREATE AN ACCESSIBLE COMMUNITY THAT ALLOWS EVE EVERYONE TO FEEL INCLUDED AND NEEDS ARE MET TO MORE STANDARDS THAN JUST THE CODE BASED AMERICAN DISABILITY ACT.

WWW.SOUTHWESTSOLUTIONS.COM

HEALTHBYDESIGN : UNIVERSAL GROCERY STORES KEVIN BECHARD 2/9/2020

-I CAN NOW FOCUS ON THE HEALTH OF MY FAMILY.

18 HealthByDesign Compendium

IMPLEMENTING A HYPOTHESIS:

RE THE RATE OF SUCCESS DESIGN OUTCOME WOULD HALLENGING AND COULD POTENTIALLY PROVIDE TO ZE COMMUNITY MEMBERS OF THE GROCERY STORE. E WILL NEED TO DEVELOP YSTEM WHERE THEY WILL NT THE NUMBER OF ITEMS N CERTAIN AREAS OF THE RE WITH THE UNIVERSAL NED ELEMENTS IN PLACE.

-I CAN NOW FOCUS ON THE HEALTH OF MY FAMILY.

- THE COMMUNITY HAS REALLY GROWN AND I DONT FEEL EXCLUDED.

- NAVIGATION THROUGH THE STORE HAS MADE A REAL DIFFERENCE IN MY LIFE.

Universal Grocery Stores

RSAL ES WILL Inclusive shopping design WITH ATER ACCESS M, AND Providing accessible shelving (X) in stores (Y) will provide people with disabilities great access (Z1) in the short term, and create an accessible SIBLE ALLOWS community that allows everyone to feel included and needs are met to more standards than just the code based American Disability Act (Z2) in the long-term. L INCLUDED ET TO MORE To measure the rate of success of this design outcome could be challenging and JUST THEcould potentially show disabilities as a struggle and showcase the community members of the grocery store as being different. When they themselves do not ICAN WWW.SOUTHWESTSOLUTIONS.COM

believe this to be the case. The store will develop a system where they will count the number of items sold in certain areas of the store with the universal designed elements in place.

Kevin Bechard

What / Why: To measure the rate of success of this design outcome would be challenging and could potentially provide to exoticize community members of the grocery store. The store will need to develop a system where they will count the number of items sold in certain areas of the store with the universal design elements in place.

THE USE OF Aisles KICKto PLATE, The use of a kick plate, pull down shelving, wider allowPULL for communication DOWN SHELVING, WIDER ISLES TO between persons with a hearing impairment, and implementing braille on the ALLOW FOR COMMUNICATION majority of the shelving is some of the changes to make a positive change. BETWEEN PERSONS WITH A HEARING IMPAIRMENT, AND IMPLEMENTING BRAILLE ON THE MAJORITY OF THE SHELVING IS SOME OF THE CHANGES TO MAKE A POSITIVE CHANGE.

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1. Entrance/exit 2. Desserts station 3. Fruit and salad bar 4. Deli Drawing credit: Bursley Dining Hall plan by Cheyenne Couture

Locating restaurants in different areas instead of one major core will promote more physical movement. The incorporation of Dining Halls with two floors instead of one will also promote more physical movement. According to research conducted by Gilston and Privitera (2015), color schemes that include more subtle and neutral colors will increase healthier dining behaviors. With respect to a preceding study (Ittersum & Wansink, 2012), replacing wooden tables with white ones (or white tablecloth) will decrease negative dining practices.

20 HealthByDesign Compendium

Photo credit: Mosher-Jordan Dining Hall by Anton Grassl/ESTO

MDining Design Diet & Activity Decisions

Thea Thorrell

The following project takes a semi-comprehensive approach when rethinking the design of the University of Michigan – Ann Arbor’s Dining Halls, which ultimately influences students’ diet, eating behaviors and physical activities. The information the university does not provide to its students, the lack of proper product design in addition to some paramount interior and architectural decisions are exacerbating obesity rates as well as the prevalence of eating disorders.

What / So What: Informing students about healthier options and the amount of food waste they contribute to as well as daily composting percentages, will help reduce waste.

Proposals: + The distribution of media will inform students regarding the amount of food waste they contribute to as well as daily composting percentages and will prevent them from selecting food they do not consume. + Restricting buffet-style dining by charging based on meal/plate weight will promote more careful meal selection and will also prevent students from wasting food. + Placing fruit stations instead of dessert stations near the entrances/exits will promote the selection of healthier snacks on students’ way out. + Placing bigger plates and bows by the fruit and salad bars and smaller plates by the Pizza and Grill restaurants will promote healthier eating habits.

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Figure 1: Diagram of long term strategy of how workplace can embrace movement in their culture Figure 2: Building handle bars with resistance into a desk to provide range of motion for arm exercises Figure 3: Grooves and tactile table design provides space for user to stretch their arms

22 HealthByDesign Compendium

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Movement by Design Re-imagining the Modern Day Workplace that encourages movement

Amy Chew

“In many ways we’ve engineered physical activity out of our lives, so we’ve got to find ways to put it back into our lives…”1

So What: Our workplace has changed drastically in terms of the type of work we do and the context in which we perform our work. Today an individual who works at an office will spend 15 hours at their desk and additional hours sitting if they have a long commute home.

Intentionally designed office furniture that provides opportunities for employees to stretch and do low effort activity that will improve employee’s overall muscle flexibility and strength, which will increase employee mood, and increase productivity levels. In the long term, finding ways to be active will be a norm and expectation of the workplace. Stretching keeps the muscles flexible, strong, and healthy, and we need that flexibility to maintain a range of motion in the joints. Without it, the muscles shorten and become tight. 4 There is mounting evidence suggests that all movement — even low-effort activity — counts for preventing cardiovascular disease as people age. In this study, low effort activity is considered to be activities like making your bed or strolling in a park. 5 1. New Source of Rise in Obesity, New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/26/health/nutrition/26fat.html 2. World Health Organization. Physical inactivity a leading cause of disease and disability, warns WHO https://www.who.int/ mediacentre/news/releases/release23/en/ 3. PLOS one. Sedentary behavior associated with reduced medial temporal lobe thickness in middle-aged and older adults. https:// journals.plos.org/plosone/article/comments?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0195549. 4. Harvard Health Publishing. Even light physical activity may help your heart. https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/even-lightphysical-activity-may-help-your-heart 5. Harvard Health Publishing. The Importance of Stretching. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/the-importance-ofstretching

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Studies show that sedentary lifestyles can increase all causes of mortality, double the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity, and increase the risks of colon cancer, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, lipid disorders, depression and anxiety.2 Additionally, it is found that sedentary behavior can also reduce the physical size of critical areas in the brain of middle aged and older adults. 3

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Uninformed disposal leads to contamination in waste facilities, causing properly recycled items to go to the landfill instead.

Why: 1. Reduce waste and improve diet decisions. 2. Provide health and waste management model as leading institution. 3. Educate / inspire students, faculty, and staff to become involved in helping solve the envrionmental sustainability issues facing the world, improving our health and well-being. 4. Stimulate market demand for healthier, greener products What: An app designed through point of decision design (POD) that has a QR code associated to every food packaging item. The app features include: fast facts of food/packaging, compost, recycle, or trash information, the Waste Race, possible ways to reuse packaging and a collaborative inventory base.

24 HealthByDesign Compendium

POD 2 DISPOSAL BINS Informs consumers prior to moment of disposal

POD 1 CHECKOUT LINE lncentivizes consumers to purchase food in compostable or recyclable packaging at checkpout point (sustainable purchasing)

More In, Less Out Mobile application to affect Point of Decision in managing food and health

Jamie Wiberg

According to the U.S. EPA, food waste is the single largest component of waste sent to disposal, constituting 22% of discarded municipal solid waste. In 2017, 41 million tons of food waste were generated, with only 6.3% diverted from landfills and incinerators for composting. [1] Implementing a food and health management app for students, faculty, and staff on the U-M Campus will improve food literacy and environmental impact from food waste in the short-term, and improve diet and health in the long-term.

So What: Front-end dietary health risks associated with packaging includes poor food quality resulting in high blood pressure or chronic diseases, as well as toxic substances associated with the physical packaging. [2] Back-end health risks include respiratory and water-borne illness caused by the degradation of landfill wastes which produce toxic leachate and greenhouse gases. [3] Food waste and food packaging account for 30-40% of what U-M sends to landfill from most buildings. [4] The University has a goal to reduce waste sent to landfills by 40% by 2025. We have currently reached 3% of this goal. [4]

Implementing a food and health management app for students, faculty, and staff on the U-M Campus will improve food literacy and environmental impact from food waste in the short-term, and improve diet and health in the long-term. Methods of analysis include retrieving the amount of waste in landfill, recycling, and composting bins (before and after intervention). A survey of student food waste knowledge (before and after intervention), will also be utilized. [1] “Sustainable Management of Food Basics.” EPA, Environmental Protection Agency, 13 Nov. 2019. [2] Claudio, Luz. “Our Food: Packaging & Public Health.” Environmental Health Perspectives, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, June 2012. [3] Vrijheid, M. “Health effects of residence near hazardous waste landfill sites: a review of epidemiologic literature.” Environmental health perspectives vol. 108 Suppl 1,Suppl 1(2000): 101-12. [4] “Sustainability: M|Dining.” [5] Buzby, Jean C., Hodan F. Wells, and Jeffrey Hyman. “The Estimated Amount, Value, and Calories of Postharvest Food Losses at the Retail and Consumer Levels in the United States.” EIB-121, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, February 2014.

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Why?

Monica and her children do not spend enough time staying active and being outdoors.

What does the research say? reduction in risk for type II diabetes, heart disease high blood pressure [2] reduction in stress [2] Improved memory, energy boost, stronger immune system [3]

How should we intervene?

Spending time outside can help improved physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing.

Physical activity is one of the best ways to keep our bodies and minds healthy.

reduction in risk for chronic disease [1] reduction in risk of death [1] reduced stress, anxiety and depression [1]

By providing affordable, accessible and appealing interventions that encourage movement and activity outdoors through the creation of a network of Learning Landscapes.

What will be the outcome and how do we measure it? Monica and her family as well as other members of the local community will spend more time walking around the neighborhood, staying active and enjoying time outdoors and will rely less heavily on the city bus to reach close destinations.

So what?

26 HealthByDesign Compendium

Measure: detecting the use of the learning landscapes and the traffic of pedestrian walkways and sidewalks Measure: recording change in use of the city bus for short destinations

Providing a network of Learning Landscapes througout the city will encourage more physical activity and time spent outside and, in turn, improve families and childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mental and physical health.

Learning Landscapes Promoting greater physical movement through outdoor play-scapes along route.

Elizabeth Sinyard

How can design intervene to encourage a single mother and her children to spend more time together outdoors and promote greater physical movement? By using a point of decision design framework, this scenario analyzed the persona of a working single mother and her daily route of getting her kids to the bus stop and getting to and from her work locations. By understanding what motivations drive this motherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s decisions and intervening at strategic points of decision throughout her day, design can make a stronger impact and play a larger role in encouraging more physical movement.

Why: Spending time outside can improve health and wellbeing.

This scenario suggests Learning Landscapes that are fun and engaging for kids and low energy for the mother placed along the walking route from the school bus stops to residential neighborhoods in order to provide a fun and simple incentive to encourage parents to walk home with their kids rather than drive or take the city bus.

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How: Through a network of learning landscapes that affordable, accessible, and appealing. What: Outdoor learning landscapes. So What: People can spend more time outdoors, which will improve childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mental and physical health.

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Library Stairs Hypothesis Implementing (1) heated walkways that makes walking in snow easier, (2) intercom stands that allow students to walk more safely at night with companions heading toward same destination and (3) collaborating with school gyms to have instructors teach at department buildings to enhance participation rate will help tie PA into studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; physical surrounding environment.

28 HealthByDesign Compendium

Intercom stands to find walking company at night to walk home safely together

Yoga class held at department building after class to attain participation rate

Walking for Better Learning Modifying campus physical environment to elevate college studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; physical activity level and enhance learning capacity.

Victoria Yu

Researchers reported that 40% to 50% of college students are physically inactive (PA) and health professionals could not effectively change PA habits of people of this age[1]. Yet, study shows that contemporary design of working and living environments have significantly reduced demand for PA and users do not meet the level of PA required for healthy fitness [2-6]. Two strategies suggested by past researches include incorporating PA into daily routine activities via changing the physical surrounding environment and providing complimentary sophisticated services [7-10]. The benefits of sufficient amount of PA include enhanced memory and on-task behaviors given the increased level of blood flow and other biological changes while exercising [11-12]. Among all exercises, walking might be the most accessible; despite its simplicity, walking could offer what other exercises could not since we could walk at our own pace which creates an unadulterated feedback look between the rhyme of our bodies and our mental state [13].

What: With elevated level of PA, college students should demonstrate better memory capability, attention span and general academic performance. Moreover, physical wellness also has positive correlation to innovative creativity, so PA should be even more promoted within departments that involve creativity. Impact: students should be able to have reduced level of stress, better academic performance and more strokes of insight while they participate in generation of creative solutions inside and outside of classrooms. Measure: (walking, level of PA) street counter to count number of students using the walk way or steps taken from their phone data, PA class participation rate; (performance) studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; GPA, self-reported evaluation of creative solutions, timesheet to track productivity

The proposed interventions will focus on (1) modifying campus environment to enable it afford nicer, safer and easier walking experience as well as (2) making fitness classes more accessible outside the gyms. (3) I hope the proposed interventions also lead us to think about how PA could be better integrated into our daily routine activities.

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Street Greening Re-envisioning the relationship of privacy and engagement through vertical planters, providing comfort to the residents, and interaction for the passerby

Scott Crandall

Despite the comfort found in the environment of Ann Arbor, Michigan, there’s still a degree of visual and auditory distraction caused by local traffic (both vehicular and pedestrian). The main roadways leading into Ann Arbor are hot spots for both of these kinds of ”pollution”, a problem that is only exacerbated during local events (such as sports or festivals). This makes life a little less comfortable for the residents stationed along these high-traffic corridors.

Why: Noise pollution and visual disturbances will be decreased leading to reduced stress and irritation to the residents.

By proposing a network of infrastructural vertical planters, we can both mitigate the pollution caused by the activities of these corridors, providing privacy and solace to the residents, as well as providing opportunities for curated engagement between both the residents and the chance pedestrians. Ann Arbor is already considered a botanical haven due to the ratio of plant-to-hardscape it maintains, and this would only benefit that status. Beyond this, there’s a variety of tertiary benefits that could be obtained through such a consideration.

What: Privacy, comfort, and increased interaction using street greening.

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How: Installation of vertical planters

So What: This may encourage residents to engage more in outdoor activities, increasing opportunities for community interaction and physical activity.

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32 HealthByDesign Compendium

1. Dark Restaurant 2. Restaurant with great views 3. Interaction Tables 4. Restaurant without Internet/Wifi

Reversing Nomophobia Addressing the a fear of not having your phone

Wan-yu (Risa) Hung

10 years ago, when Apple launched the first iPhone is started to change people’s daily life. Smartphones have become more and more important to people nowadays. Problematic smartphone use is an emerging public health problem since then. It create different effects on psychological aspects (such as poor memory, concentration and decision-making, anxiety, procrastination, and sleep disturbance), social aspects (such as the negative impact on relationships and loss of sense of community), and physical aspects (such as harm from accidents, repetitive strain injury (RSI) and posturmy). How design can help smartphone heavy user, who is defined as an inability to regulate the use of the mobile phone, which eventually involves negative consequences in daily life?

What: Product • App Forest (Game theory) • The interactive dining table

Implementing products (app and tables) and careful interior / architecture design in the restaurant with smartphone heavy users even the normal use people will improve the satisfaction for the dining experience, decrease the feeling of isolation, increase people’s closer interaction during eating in the short-term and detach from negative impacts caused by problematic smartphone use in the long-term. INFORMATION

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Interior & Architecture • Differentiate the space with/without Internet • Increase interaction w/ surroundings + others How: • Context: Restaurant • Abstention giving up terms of time a smartphone is used • Moderating use So What: • Higher satisfaction for the dining experience • More and closer interaction between people • Detachment to negative impacts caused by smartphone use

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34 HealthByDesign Compendium

Consumption of Alcohol in Moderation Bringing in zoning regulations + information to help a community to reduce their consumption of alcohol

Apurva Muralidhar

Accessibility and information is an key to help a community make right decisions about alcohol. The intervention is interested in bringing in zoning regulations + information to help a community to reduce their consumption of alcohol. To help people to make right decisions for consumption of alcohol it was important to know why people drink alcohol. After interviewing people in the neighborhood 4 personas stood out.1. Fresh graduate 2. Health Enthusiast 3. College Student 4. Working Professional Common answers: 1.Drinking alcohol for fun and stress. 2. Non-alcoholic drinks Unhealthy or more expensive. 3.Fitness helps reduce consumption of alcohol. 4.Like minded influences help reduce consumption of alcohol. 5.Information helps choice.

What / Why: Zoning regulations that help increase accessible healthy restaurants and activity centers + information through apps enhance freedom of choice to promote healthy communities and moderate consumption of alcohol in the longterm.

Identifying key points where a person decides to consume alcohol helped us determine the key points where intervention would be effective in helping a person make informed choices. 1. Neighborhood 2. Accessibility of a restaurant. 3. Information about surroundings

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36 HealthByDesign Compendium

Percentage of Excess Deaths (People <80 y.o.) Color Key Rural Urban

Heart Cancer Uninten- Chronic Stroke Disease tional

Number of Physicians per 10,000 people

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The Cure to Corn Addressing the Issues of Preventable Healthcare in Rural America

Mitch Mead

One of the most effective ways to intervene against diseases is to prevent them before they happen. The Center for Disease Control has reported that rural Americans disproportionately suffer from preventable diseases (heart disease, cancer, unintentional injury, chronic respiratory disease, and stroke) compared to their urban counterparts (CDC, 2014). These diseases arise from multiple aspects including poor access to health services, poor education on diet and nutrition, social isolation and mental health disorders, and drug addiction.

What: Low-cost health-oriented BoxCare deliveries to rural areas with no access to Internet.

Of rural Americans, 40% do not have access to broadband Internet, so a large portion are not eligible for telemedicine. Therefore, the target group for receiving this intervention is rural Americans who do not have access to broadband Internet. The proposed intervention is to partner with USPS to provide monthly boxes which contain information and items for preventative healthcare. Examples include vitamins and supplements, diet and exercise plans, information on which types of illnesses should be treated by which types of specialists, and maps of where to seek services.

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How: Partnering with USPS takes advantage of an existing infrastructure to reach Americans Why: Rural areas may have poor access to basic needs like healthcare, education, social activities, Internet, or other services. So What: BoxCare implemented in rural America will improve longevity of its recipients, improve efficiency of healthcare services, and reduce unnecessary healthcare expenditures

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Aging & Mental Health

Intergenerational Design for Mental Health Final Projects Intergenerational Design for Mental Health was the theme for the final projects. An exercise to prepare for the project was to practice applied-research skills using qualitative and quantitative methods. We chose a local site in Ann Arbor for our observation visit. This exercise guided our interests in addition to learning from the guest speakers and readings for the class. For each project, students created a short elevator pitch in addition to describing the context along the design continuum. An evidence-based approach and supporting research was utilized as part of the process to design for the desired health outcome.

“The immediate task of the design professions is to awaken consciousness to the physical environment.” (Robert Sommer) “In the experience of art, a peculiar exchange takes place; I lend my emotions and associations to the space and the space lends me its atmosphere, which entices and emancipates my perceptions and thoughts.” (Juhani Pallasmaa) “There are things known and there are things unknown, and in between are the doors of perception.” (Aldous Huxley)

Photo by Scott Webb from Pexels 40 HealthByDesign Compendium

Project head.hands.heart A biophilic approach to expanding the exclusivity of design to accommodate sensory processing sensitivities.

Makenzie Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Connor

Project head.hands.heart transitions between theory and practice. This work is currently developing as a collection of topical essays (autotheory) and a built exploration - an exploration in building architectures and artifacts with living materials, expanding the exclusivity of design to accommodate sensory processing sensitivity and related symptoms. Addressing varying sensory thresholds, both theory and practice components are navigating a biophilic design approach as a way to promote soft architecture that invites the human imprint and freedom of expression. The central concept of sensory perception acts as a measure, in a sense, for the exclusivity of a space. Project head.hands.heart proposes biophilic inspired design as a way to accommodate sensory sensitivities - a necessary component of inclusive design.

Why: To recover the perceptual potentials of the body.

Rather than design for behavior change, ultimately narrowing the choice architecture, I want to open and encourage opportunities for the cross-modal use of perception. In allowing each sense to bloom, space is given to the connections between different sense modalities as they impact our perceptual choices and day to day decision- making and meaning-making. In understanding collective responsibility with individual sensitivity, how can you and I set the stage for health by creating conditions of possibility?

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How: To utilize tactile, auditory and visual stimuli to provide a broader opportunity to connect interact, be part of the community without the pressure of normative interaction. What: Building soft architecture and [re]imagine household environments and beyond. So What: Designing with materials that acknowledge and reciprocate life to outcomes of reduced selfharm...and visceral safety through perceptual emancipation.

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42 HealthByDesign Compendium

Mental Health Infrastructure by Spectrum Neighborhood Strategies for Taipei City Mental Health Care.

Victoria Yu

Studying the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) reveals a constantly shifting view, were once commonly accepted mental disorders were eventually better understood from a new perspective with the benefit of time. If the past is any indicator, our current picture of the mind and its illnesses will also become obsolete. DSM-V and World Health Organization are challenging existing perceptions of mental illness and inviting us to see psychological disturbance as a part of daily life that everyone will experience to some degree in the course of their life. According to WHO, today 1 in 4 people in the world will be affected by mental or neurological disorders at some point in their lives.

Design to Outcomes: People who once fear social stigma and avoid leaving their homes to making connections with other people would have intermediate public space in their neighborhood where they could get different levels of social interaction that match their mental states. The architecture and urban scaled interventions are designed to help them break bigger goals into smaller ones that are more easily achievable and lead them to attain a desirable amount of social interaction and physical activity over time.

This project aims to weave mental health into the fabric of neighborhoods by introducing acupunctural elements: social loner observatories, community gardens, respite booths, and pocket park pavilions. Starting from an assumption that autonomous vehicles will release a portion of the current streetscape back to human use, the strategies proposed result in a spectrum of sociality, privacy, and engagement that is in contrast to todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s black-and-white cityscape of spaces for the sane and the insane. People with varying degrees of depression or anxiety will, therefore, be able to enjoy public spaces with the corresponding degree of social support and a sense of safety.

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44 HealthByDesign Compendium

Ageless Gumption A strength-based approach to increase intergenerational equality through architectural intervention.

Apurva Muralidhar

Ageless Gumption is a community prototype that mainly caters for the age group of 65+ like the ‘Age-integrated living/ senior citizens’ residence and Kindergarten’, it also aims to have an overall impact on its social environment and it creates an opportunity for intergenerational solidarity, healthy environment, strengthbased sharing, overall wellbeing, sense of belonging, strong support system and community participation. Intergenerational equity is an effective method to bring successful and positive transformations in society among all age groups. A successful way of creating a healthy and safe environment where the aged population can successfully grow is by:

Design to Outcomes: Aging is a natural process and by creating opportunities for the multigenerational interactions where the aging population can use their strengths to help the younger and older generations will give them a sense of identity and belonging. Overall creating “Successful Aging”.

1. Create intergenerational opportunities that can bring the younger generation in contact with the older adults. Like creating spaces of interaction near schools or geriatric hospitals, to create a natural interactive environment. 2. Utilize strength-based interactive living by improving understanding of newer aged adults’ transition into old age by bringing the older adults in contact with the oldest adults. This also helps with support they lack physically. 3. Promote interactions between the inhabitants and create a codependent environment. This helps develop a sustainable ecosystem that can house the older generation in an intergenerationally equal environment.

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46 HealthByDesign Compendium

POOR VENTILATION, NON OPERABLE WINDOWS

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New Thresholds A response to self-isolation on its impact on intergenerational needs through flexible interior interventions.

Nick Hennessey

When framed in today’s context, physical isolation can be beneficial for physical health on the global scale to minimize the spread of COVID-19 but can create serious consequences on mental health amongst all generations through existing interior spaces and their lack of change. Space no longer needs to serve a static function and the proposal NEW THRESHOLDS illustrates how more flexible space is needed rather than more space in general with the aim to improve an individual’s mental health and begin to change isolating environments.

Design to Outcomes: NEW THRESHOLDS offers a prototype in designing flexible interior environments that allow users to reshape, adapt, and evolve to their everchanging needs with the aim in improving individual’s mental health. Every human is unique; unique in their spatial functions, wants, needs, and so much more. This impacts the concept of place within the interior realm, having architectural and urban environment implications. It creates new thresholds of spatial conditions where users can connect, work, live, and play to serve as a prototype for the design industry to move forward in designing for isolating environments.

The project design utilizes a system-based approach to the reconfiguration of space which allows users to reshape, adapt, and evolve their living environments to their everchanging needs. A 1’ x 1’ base is first used to construct threedimensional structures. The blocks stack and lock into place. In order to ensure structural supports, staggering the steams similar to a façade of brick is needed. Just as the standard creates a rigid framework, it is through standardization of these modules that the scalar implications are limitless (beds, tables, storage, and seating as well as wall constructions and ‘tent’ like spaces). Through the research, people’s needs and wants change on a daily basis, but also as one age the same can be applied. The system can begin to evoke a change of spatial environment, counteracting one’s boredom in a period of isolation, to allow curation of a new environment.

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48 HealthByDesign Compendium

Office on Demand A response to improve workspace environment with more flexibility for multigeneration and special needs.

Wan-yu (Risa) Hung

People are spending more and more time in their office workspace during different stages of life. However, office designs are very generic and are not flexible enough for accommodating individuals’ demands and comfort, especially as people age and have special needs. According to Capital One’s latest annual Work Environment Survey (2019), adaptability and flexibility are the two key elements in the survey that employees desire most. 85% of employees say a flexible design is important to them, and 77% of respondents said they perform better at work when they have flexible spaces available. Therefore, having a high degree of flexibility workspace is not only meeting the individual’s demand and wellbeing, but also boosting the working productivity for the company.

Design Outcome 01: Customized Workspace From the user interface that can let employee choose their own preference to create their own office based on their needs. The information will be sent to the factory for manufacturing.

The research and evidence used for this project were both qualitative and quantitative data. Personas were produced from a “Multi-Generational Workforce” of diverse ages and needs. In addition to case studies, there was an analysis of workspace features and preferences indicated among five different generations. More information on the results can be found in the Compendium.

Design Outcome 02: Individual Facade/ Mechanical System— Micro Environment Control Moreover, with the same application employees can change their micro environment for thermal comfort (such as temperature and humidity), light, sound ,and privacy easily.

Proposals: 1. Workplace customization via preferences for manufacturing output. 2. Individual control over architectural elements and HVAC systems.

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50 HealthByDesign Compendium

Shelf / Life A response to aging attenuation & intergenerational inequity by enabling reach.

Scott Crandall

Different age groups interact differently with the same environment. Through our â&#x20AC;?material interactionsâ&#x20AC;?, we are tied exclusively to the rigidity of the surfaces we engage with. Consequently, our physical ability deteriorates as we age, affecting performance in physical tasks. A possible obstruction to our material interactions may be material accessibility. According to motor programming theory, our ability to succeed in these interactions is because of adequate mental representations of the movements involved with them. Therefore, older generations are worse at making accurate predictions than younger ones. So one way of improving these mental representations is by improving the perception of accessibility, as well as the actual flexibility of the interaction itself.

Design to Outcomes: While this proposal is intended to solve a specific problem, it works to engage a broader issue of individual inequity and infrastructural inefficiency. Adapting this proposal to provide functionality for the already able-bodied and not only those with less physical ability (which includes both older individuals and those who may have some form of disability) provides benefit to the overall workplace.

This produced an idea for a vertically operable surface, that can be used for more than just typical shelving. Shelving is just a flat surface, but it has innate rigidity. Here, each unit is a single broad surface which can be lowered for access and raised when not in use. This also enables them to perform as work surfaces or supports for hanging elements. They can be manually operated by efficient mechanical systems or electrified for remote operation. In addition, this is not a bespoke system. Installations could be dynamic to accommodate variations per industry use.

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52 HealthByDesign Compendium

What do I want for dinner Using food and culinary therapy to create intergenerational bonds and alleviate social isolation in the elderly.

Keerti Nair

Social isolation in the elderly is an issue that is widely prevalent. One of the issues that stem directly from seniors living alone and feeling isolated is lack of nutrition. Malnutrition amongst the elderly can be linked to isolation and this intervention can help determine what steps can be taken at multiple scales that assist the elderly with aspects of food availability, nutrition, and intergenerational interactions.

Design to Outcomes: The design of an app to connect the elderly with people in the neighborhood and create a shared space of passion for food and companionship could drastically alleviate social isolation amongst the elderly while also keeping their love of food alive or creating a new one in those who have lost theirs.

Cooking is an effective form of therapy as it encourages creativity and physical movement. Many health care clinics and counselors use baking and cooking as a therapeutic tool for people suffering from various conditions like depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. This therapy is also useful in helping people who live difficult and chaotic lives to remember to cook and eat nutritious food. For the elderly, cooking as a therapeutic tool helps keep one active. It encourages creative thinking through the actions of following a recipe but also innovating when required. Physically it allows for movement and motion that keeps one agile. The proposals utilize these benefits of cooking therapy and oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s association with food to use it as a tool to counter grief and loneliness.

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k Tim

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LIVE ins E IN ity beg N U v T i t c til a n un

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Taking care of our hearts together through live connections between users and relationships. These virtual applications will be enhanced to serve elderly, which then can be accessible and adaptable across different age groups more easily. Using intrinsic design motivational strategies, users can respond to a common need more effectively.

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54 HealthByDesign Compendium

Active Health LIVE Feeds Improving health and social connectivity

Observe the Yosemite Nature Preserve LIVE

Watch General Surgery Video Lectures

Focus LIVE with others

BREAK TIME Join Alexa for Int. Yoga

NatureLive 78k observing

EngageLive 15k learning

RemotelyLive 50k working together

ActiveHealthLive 120k hearts pumping

weHeartLIVE! Improving multi-generational health through live connections and inter[activity]

Andrea Marquez

When COVID-19 transitioned working from the office to working remotely, inactivity followed us home. I became interested in our newly formed dynamics of what can happen in our micro-environments. Although we are confined to a small space, we rely on outside connections more than ever. Physical inactivity impacts heart health, which may lead to cardiovascular disease, and this is the leading cause of death in the United States (AHA 1999-2016). In addition, 25% of patients with heart failure experienced moderate or high levels of social isolation. With current social distancing protocols, this number could be even higher and will be the topic for future research endeavors to study.

Design to Outcomes: The future contains many technological innovations and possibilities for remote interaction; implementing pro-active environments will improve intergenerational connectivity as well as cardiovascular health and research methods over time. This can be encouraged through new cross-disciplinary partnerships, engaging virtual networks, and influencing behavioral normatives in working environments. There are opportunities in utilizing existing mediums to explore social connectivity, especially in the midst of social isolation. COVID-19 is impacting global health. With our online capabilities and resources, there is something we can do about staying stronger together.

What if there was a way we can create inter[active] environments (that promote physical activity) while improving social (mental) connectivity across different ages? weHeartLive! Is a heart health oriented platform to engage in physical or mental health activities- live- online or in person. Group motivation and live feeds will result in higher participation, which lower social isolation and inactivity by improving physical and mental health, decreasing risk for cardiovascular disease. This research utilized multi-generational interviews, literature reviews, and case study analysis.

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Play_grounds Space-making for intergenerational play to improve social, mental, and physical well-being.

Jamie Wiberg

For the first time in recorded history, the number of people older than 65 years old surpassed the number of children under 5 years old in 2018 (World Health Organization WHO, 2020). Countries around the world have been going through an important demographic transition: from young to increasingly ageing populations. My project proposes that the role of intergenerational playgrounds and parks is critical for societal adaptation and health of aging cities.Seniors are the most underrepresented groups using public parks (Loukaitou-Sideris et al, n.d.). My project primarily interjects on the architectural scale of the design continuum to provoke evidence-based designs for intergenerational playgrounds.

Design to Outcomes: By finding common ground on ways to enjoy life amongst multiple generations in shared spaces, we can bridge the generational gap in knowledge and health. Stable interaction between generations will promote healthy relationships as well as improve individualâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s health and wellbeing.

Through qualitative research, site-visits, and interviews, current needs of individuals (of all ages) will be identified. Supplemental persona maps will help give insight into how the intended users will approach the space. The core questions for research and literature review is: Do elders have different open space and physical activity needs relative to younger persons? If we start by identifying usersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; needs, from the elderly to children with range of ability, and find where their needs intersect, we would be designing with the most perspectives in mind. By categorizing and deconstructing elements of play into their basic forms, we can begin to reimagine their roles in providing both space for children and elderly to interact.

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By designing the playground - a traditional typology intended for children - for all ages, it opens opportunities for exploration and engagement across all user groups, creating positive health outcomes. The conceptual frameworks developed for play, mental, physical, and social, can be implemented anywhere.

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MobilityByDensity A density based approach to mobility through the lens of both physical and digital infrastructure.

Will Deutsch

The discussion of optimal mobility typically focuses on physical movement, but I argue there is a missing piece in the definition. While looking at movement in the digital era, we must consider digital factors in peoples ability to have â&#x20AC;&#x153;relative ease and freedom of movement in all of its formsâ&#x20AC;?.1 With this factor included, the definition is expanded to include three main areas relative to improving optimal mobility in aging populations: 1. Physical ability, 2. Physical infrastructure, 3. Digital infrastructure.

Design Outcomes: Mobility has shifted as we are more stationary, and weary of modes of mobility such as public transportation and ride sharing. Density has come under fire by some for being a large factor in the spread of infection. Social disparities have been highlighted by the virus as well. While this project does not begin to attempt to take all of these factors into account, it does argue that mobility will continue to be a pressing issue as we return to (a new) normal. Marginalized portions of the population such as the elderly should be a major factor in how we think about reimagining mobility and our communities at large.

Interventions aimed at increasing the use of digital infrastructure to impact mobility can be broken the three categories: 1. Access, 2. Education, 3. Affordability. Of the three, focus has been put on education and affordability. Existing government programs such as the Lifeline Program subsidize internet services for low-income individuals and households.14 Of the current elderly population, 40% are eligible for the service. Expanded eligibility and integration of education could increase digital use by aging populations, helping them connect with others, and improving their overall physical mobility. While this type of government-sponsored program might be unprecedented, we are living in unprecedented times as the government attempts to redefine how they support our health and well-being. Digital services are becoming an increasingly larger part of this discussion.

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TOY TOYPilot PilotActions Actions

Drama Initiative Collaborative in CareLearning Home forThrough SeniorsSinging with Dementia

inyard Sinyard

Health Health BYBY Design, Design, Taubman Taubman College College

Intergenerational Gardening + Cooking Classes

Drumming and Music Classes @ Eberbach Cultural Arts Center

Storytelling @ the American Cultural & Historical Museum

Image 2:https://www.saobserver.net/entertainment/salmon-arm-residents-find-joy-in-singing-together/

Elizabeth Elizabeth Sinyard Sinyard

Elizabeth Sinyard

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Elizabeth Sinyard

Health Health BY BY Design, Design, Taubman Taubm

Intergenerational Neighborhood Library House

Senior Care Homes and Schools placed in proximity

New Greenhouse for Intergenerational Gardening @ the school

Shared garden spaces that bridge between them

Health BY Design, Taubman College

Converted Office Space into IG Creative Arts Center

Health BY Design, Taubman College

Centrally located libraries that bring age groups together

Health BY Design, Taubman College

Spaces for Intergenerational Learning Exploring how cities can improve mental health through designing for intergenerational mutual creation and artistic production.

Elizabeth Sinyard

To begin tackling the current issues of mental health and build a more robust community network that prioritizes intergenerational relations, community residents, organizations, designers, and city planners must all work across scales and temporalities. Social connections must be instigated through programming as well as physical space. These programs all allow for shared goals, mutual creation and the transferal of knowledge by both groups. To achieve this outcome, I propose three sequential steps that can be instigated at different scales over time to generate positive and healthy change for communities:

Design to Outcomes: These designed environments promote intergenerational mutual creation and transfer of experiences. Outcomes include stronger social connections, new abilities/skills, decreased loneliness, greater respect for each other/self, improved mental health & wellbeing, and most robust community networks.

1. Information: Map some of the most frequented locations of both younger and older city residents (i.e. schools, care homes, libraries, etc.). Proximate relationships to each other and to existing cultural/artistic space will become evident. (see above photo) 2. Interior/Architecture: Assess the map of schools and care homes to determine where they exist beyond the accessible distance and determining a building or space that could be designed or converted into an environment for intergenerational activity. 3. Urban Scale: Intergenerational activity must be a priority and a goal across sectors. Partnerships are needed to successfully plan urbanisms that allow for and promote intergenerational connection.

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Healing Landscapes A memory focused artificial healing garden based on different eras around aging populations.

Kevin Bechard

This memory focused project is one that was inspired by years of research on evidence-based medicine dealing with nature. This project utilizes biomimicry, digital interventions, and full garden design for a building. Healing Landscapes is a time-sensitive interactive indoor garden for hospitalized people and stay at home residents to help increase mental wellbeing.

Design to Outcomes: The design is a healing garden that combines biophilia and reminiscence therapy; the virtual or artificial plants make it easier to replicate past landscapes. This will improve life satisfaction, quality of life, reduce depressive symptoms in older adult populations. While at the same time, teach younger populations about a landscape that once existed.

With evidence-based design (EBD) research, a new type of landscape can be incorporated inside the hospital system, helping those who feel â&#x20AC;&#x153;trappedâ&#x20AC;?. This also brings awareness to forgotten Landscapes- landscapes that are no longer prevalent in our world. The design will help bring awareness of lost landscapes to new generations which helps to close the generational gap by focusing on palliative care for the aging generation. The care is meant for help in providing relief from stress and improves the quality of life of the patients and their families. By going back in time and connecting these landscapes to those in palliative care systems, we can help fight climate change and other illnesses with generational landscapes. Healthcare gardens are not a new idea, but the memory component is.

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64 HealthByDesign Compendium

Stories to Heal Supporting aging immigrants and strengthening intergenerational bonds through reminiscence therapy.

Amy Chew

The aging immigrant population is one that continues to grow and will make up a significant percentage of those 65 years and older living in the United States. In 2018, there were an estimated 7.3 million foreign born individuals 65 years and older which comprised 13.9 percent of the total older population in the United States. New York, in particular, is home to many foreign born seniors where â&#x20AC;&#x153;49.5 percent of New Yorkers ages 65 or older are foreign-born [which is] nearly equal to the native born shareâ&#x20AC;? (Rivera, 2015). The numbers of older aging immigrants are expected to increase to 22.0 million foreign born individuals which will make up 23 percent of the total older population in 2060 (Mizoguchi et al., 2019).

Design to Outcomes: Providing virtual space for the elderly immigrants to reflect on past life events and interact with younger generation in order to increase feelings of accomplishment and purposefulness, strengthen intergenerational bonds and reduce feelings of social isolation and depression.

The proposed solution is a mobile app where users can build a virtual family museum. The intervention allows users to upload media, collaborate and explore museum virtual exhibits in real time. Stories to Heal creates a space where an elderly person can reflect on their past life events and interact with younger generations. The virtual stage to interact and reflect creates a sense of accomplishment, strengthens intergenerational bonds and reduces feelings of social isolation and depression.

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Study Companion Interface Proposal

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Photo retrieved from Infographic Journal, image via Work the World

Study Companion Enabling elderly to access reliable resources and safely communicate with others for emotional support during the transitional period after moving abroad.

Wenjing (Jane) Cen

Moving to a new country can be exhilarating and scary at the same time. While itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s applicable for people at a younger age to adapt to cultural differences with regular practice and given normal circumstances, such adjustment had shown significant difficulties for people at older ages. The elderly may never realize how strongly they are tied to the culture of their native country until they move abroad and are faced with culture and language barriers that are remarkably different from their own.

Design to Outcomes: The design intervention will fall between both information and product on the continuum. The proposed App helps older generations to have a smoother cultural transition in resettlement by providing reliable resources that allow the elderly to safely and effectively reach out for social support while presenting the opportunity for them to give back to the community. By using an App as a platform, it achieves the effects of instant information distribution, as well as increases the simultaneous accessibility to broader demography anywhere worldwide.

In this design research, I will be examining the psychological impacts elderly experience when moving to a new culture. The design aims to answer the question of why the balance between needed and received support is crucial to the older generation in acquiring emotional well-being in the situation of migration. Based on the tendency of how seniors behave under unfamiliar situations, elderly people are more likely to feel intimidated, causing them to choose to stay indoors most of the time in avoiding stressful quandary. As a way to resolve that, the app serves as a virtual informational center, as well as mobile mental motivation for the older generation to gradually accept and acclimate to a new environment.

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68 HealthByDesign Compendium

Baby Zs or iBoomers? Intergenerational housing approaches living and wellness through a strengthbased perspective on its residents.

Mitch Mead

The rates at which people are reporting social isolation have been increasing, and several institutions are beginning to feel the consequences of an upcoming crisis: the loneliness epidemic. Researchers and policymakers have recently quantified the potential costs and impact loneliness places on the United States; however, very few solutions have shown efficacy at scale. This epidemic requires an entirely new frame in the way designers begin to think of design for social interactions and living.

Design to Outcomes: Placing a human-centered design framework into context can highlight the translation of the framework into design decisions. A fully integrated framework and thoughtful intergenerational housing complex can improve the efficiency of the built environment to foster wellness in its residents.

A Human-Centered Design Framework for an Intergenerational Housing Future designers will need to take on the complex task of creating spaces that accommodate to all the stakeholders in an intergenerational housing complex. Considering the desires for ideal social spaces for each of the two generations often leads to opposing design topologies. Therefore, significant thought and investigation must be given due to the sensitivity of the space. The following list are important design considerations to make when trying to create a space that fosters social interaction between and among generations. + Accessibility / Inclusivity + Flexibility / Scalability + Interface / Modality + Reliability

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70 HealthByDesign Compendium

Interim Shelter for the Homeless An animal-centric modular housing approach to increase intergenerational interactions between humans and pets in homeless shelters.

Camy Trinh

This proposal responds to homeless sheltersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; current exclusion of pets and their owners by creating a prototypical interim shelter through a modular system of pet-centric housing. This shelter not only provides the necessary infrastructure in accommodation of pets and their owners, but aims to create a spatial experience that is as equally comfortable for pets as it is for their owners. These modular residential units can be organized in floors by the type of pet. The units themselves can also be freely oriented into double and quad units, with plenty of space for pets-human interaction indoors along with storage and greenery nooks. Perhaps these modules can even be arranged in a way to create external courtyards to provide more exposure to natural lighting and access to the comforts of nature and interaction amongst generations.

Design to Outcomes: My project is in full support of architecturally furthering the Pet Effect, also known as the human-animal bond, which is the â&#x20AC;&#x153;mutually beneficial relationship between people and animals that positively impacts the health and well-being of both. Implementation across multiple sites can create a symbiotic network for homeless people and pets- this may be a viable method to decrease homeless and euthanization rates!

Permeable Wall Elements + Allows for natural lighting within residences + Creates secure nooks for plant placement + Allows pets to freely wander the premise for daily privacy / physical activity + Encourages chance interactions amongst residences Modular Units + Flexibly oriented to sites + Possible for communal courtyards for more greenery and social interactions

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MLK 1101 Housing Project, LOHA Architects Los Angeles with sloped green roof (Floor Plan retreived from Dezeen)

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The emergency shelter at the Greater Missionary Baptist Church on Norris Ave. in Pacoima. (Photo by Hans Gutknecht, Los Angeles Daily News/SCNG)

Building Community Among LA Homeless Implementing courtyard spaces into existing shelters to build community

Clayton Artz

This proposal seeks to build a sense of community and interpersonal relationships amongst homeless populations in the city of Los Angeles. The current state of support in and around LA county consists mostly of short-stay, temporary shelters to house the city’s growing population of homeless individuals, many of which return to living on the streets after their temporary housing. These shelters often lack spaces for lounging or recreational activities, focusing rather on the resident’s basic needs (beds, storage, restrooms). Through various research methods, I explore strategies of design that encourage mingling and relationship building among residents of homeless shelters.

Design to Outcomes: Traditional homeless shelters often lack common spaces and areas for privacy/ concentration. By using the city of Los Angeles as a lens through which to study homeless populations, this design proposal attempts to increase social interaction among residents of homeless shelters by designating areas for lounging, conversation and recreational activities. Through the given design methods, the proposal seeks to reduce feelings of loneliness and social-isolation by encouraging team-building, conversation and social networking through architecture.

Interactive maps illustrate the region’s concentration of homeless individuals as well as areas that are most vulnerable to increases in homelessness. By pinpointing high risk areas throughout the city, I am able to most appropriately suggest locations to implement the design. The hypothesis of this design proposal is that providing courtyard spaces will encourage relationship building and friendly interaction, in turn suspending feelings of isolation while creating life-long connections among homeless individuals. Although a minor action, this may prove to be an important step in one’s transition into a healthier, more stable lifestyle.

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HealthbyDesign Class of 2020 The University of Michigan is embodied in this HealthByDesign course with students from the School of Information, School of Environment and Sustainability, College of Engineering, and the College of Architecture + Urban Planning. With these different perspectives and wide array of project idease on the design continuity spectrum, we have been described by the final jury critics as being part of larger brain working together.

CL AYTON ARTZ TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, B.S. IN ARCH

HealthByDesign to me implies the act of creating with the user’s health as a primary concern. It enables a user to function at a high-level of health, comfort and efficiency, while maintaining a sustainable and mutual relationship with its surrounding environment. I am currently completing my BS in Architecture at Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning and I plan on continuing a higher education in architecture. I’m passionate about serving the natural world through an interdisciplinary approach to design. After completing my degree, I hope to put my architectural abilities to use by improving relationships between human and earth.

KEVIN BECHARD SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY, M.L.A

HealthByDesign means to allow for access to needs for all parts of this world in a mindful and strategic way. I hope we recognize the planet and other species exist here. HealthBYDesign is not something that specifically looks at humans but the decisions that humans make to allow for meaningful ways to improve the quality of life with species we share this world with. I am currently in my second year here at University of Michigan pursuing my master’s in landscape architecture. The degree is very ecologically focused and is the perfect blend of design and ecology. After going to Vermont to build treehouses, learn building science, and taking a number of classes at TCAUP, I decided to go for my Masters of Architecture in the Fall of 2020.

JANE CEN TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH

HealthByDesign means to me...that with thorough research on user experience is the strong foundation that leads to better design on all aspects. I’m a current thesis architecture student at Taubman College of Architecture in Michigan University. Prior to the architecture program, I attended the Industrial and Interaction Design Program at Syracuse University. My education has equipped me with a skill set around Interaction Design and my ideas and work are focused on exploring the sensibility of spaces and how environments have effects on human interaction.

AMY CHEW SCHOOL OF INFORMATION, M.S IN INFORMATION

HealthByDesign is when we place the well being and health of individuals at the forefront. When we design and create with health top of mind, we acknowledge that individuals are part of a larger intertwined society or system. I believe in the versatility of user centered methods and want to solve complex problems in areas like healthcare. Prior to my graduate studies, I worked in the commercial lighting design industry. I often used human behavior and context to drive design recommendations to my customers. In my work, I enjoy asking “why.” From a young age, I have always enjoyed the creative process (drawing, building, tinkering). I think this still rings true to this day and have found that UX design blends both my curiosity and creativity.

SCOTT CRANDALL

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH i HealthByDesign is the cultivation of our transient interactions within the world. It’s acknowledging the beauty of our short-term occupancy through a lens of longevity and how we and our environments are made complete in unison. I enjoy the frivolity of our discipline, accepting the fact that the knowledge and comprehension I’ve developed over my education could become extraneous as the future flourishes. But this only serves to stoke my curiosity in how we can best understand and prepare for the unforeseeable. Using ambiguity and brevity as tools in the development of space, I seek to understand the core components embedded in our design process to enable versatility for the future.

WILL DEUTSCH

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH i HealthByDesign means recognizing that there is design in everything, and everything impacts health in one aspect or another. We can embrace design as a means to better health for ourselves and others. For two more weeks, I am a graduate student at Taubman College. I have been lucky to work with and learn from an innumerable amount of students and professors, and have made some great friends along the way. My interests, experience, and skills have grown and shifted. I don’t have a set goal or destination after my graduation, and for now that is perfectly fine. What I do have is a desire to keep learning and keep trying to understand how I can use design to influence health.

NICK HENNESSEY TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH

HealthByDesign means recognizing the role in which we as designers play and how it has a direct impact on the health and well-being of those who use such designs; to better society with one design at a time. Growing up, I have been embraced by individuals with both physical and intellectual disabilities through volunteering within my local community. Overtime, I have noticed that design at all levels has had an impact on everyone, specifically the way individuals with disabilities interact within their environment. Throughout my educational journey I have explored various ways we as designers can begin to alter our thought process to begin to think of all users, not just the normative.

WANYU (RISA) HUNG TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH

HealthByDesign means to pay more attention to the human well-being aspect as a designer and create things not only with an aesthetic aspect but also a healthier approach. I chose to join a construction company to broaden my expertise and combine architectural knowledge and skills with the construction technique before pursuing my master degree. My recent research and thesis are mainly focused on workspace nowadays and how it can be changed and improved in the future from different aspects. Spaces of work are changing more quickly than ever to accommodate advanced technology, the fast-changing short-term teamwork peace, and employee’s demands and well-being. How can we as the designer, make the workspace a better environment?

ANDREA MARQUEZ

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH

HealthByDesign means to create healthier lifestyles by approaching challenges with research, data, and creative intent. Design frameworks must be mindful of future outcomes beyond the immediate scope. Growing up in South Florida as a first-gen enabled me to experience the world during times of great vulnerability (hurricanes, mass migrations, flooding, climate gentrification) with little to no control of their outcomes. This led me to pursue a Master of Architecture degree with a “Healthy City” focus in Public Health to gain cross-disciplinary perspectives and develop strategic thinking skills to engage challenges. I seek to help co-create resilient cities that are healthy and meaningful for everyone.

MITCHELL MEAD TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING , B.S. IN ARCH

HealthByDesign means recognizing that architects can no longer practice in the realm of “beautiful suggestions” and need to begin designing positively impactful buildings along the entire duration of a building’s lifespan. I am passionate about how interdisciplinary thinking can impact the ways in which designers approach creating architecture and urbanism. I hope to create new research / designs that establish a business case for evidence-based approaches. Creating buildings which promote health from the individual to the globe will be the responsibility of architects in the 21st century and am excited to take up this call with my peers.

APURVA MURALIDHAR

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH

HealthByDesign is the conscious approach towards making every environment mentally and physically sustainable through the agency of creative design interventions. I am a graduate Architecture student at the University of Michigan, pursuing a Master of Architecture. I come from the southern part of India, where I practiced architecture for 5 years before I came to Michigan. In the past I have mostly worked on housing projects, independently and in collaboration with other architects. Going forward I want to use my architectural agency to teach and collaborate with other disciplines and explore different avenues.

KEERTI NAIR TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH

HealthByDesign is an opportunity to recognize the role that we as designers play in creating spaces that physically and mentally impacts people and changing the conversations that direct design decisions. I am originally from Mumbai, India where I practiced as an Architect for a few years. My interest lies primarily in Institutional design, particularly healthcare, cultural and educational institutes. This stems from an enthusiasm in studying the movement of people through spaces and the physiological and psychological effect design has on people. The projects I’ve explored through Health by Design have veered towards issues of food security and the changing nature of food production and consumption.

MAKENZIE Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;CONNOR

COLLEGE OF ENG., INTEGRATIVE SYSTEMS & DESIGN, M.S IN DESIGN SCIENCE i HealthByDesign is a tending to the relationships between the built environment and the bodymind while recognizing the cascading interactions between ecologies of living systems. With an equal focus on art + architecture, I ask how design contributes to the collective transdisciplinary efforts of addressing shortcomings in mental health care. I maintain a particular focus on the balance of experience and environment in individual, community-wide, decision making, self-destruction, and sensory perception. With additional interests in conflict-resolution, trauma recovery, and the relationship between creativity and self-destructive behaviours, I find inspiration in the cosmos of living systems.

ELIZABETH SINYARD

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH i HealthByDesign, to me, recognizes that our surroundings and the built environment have a critical effect on our physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing. This phrase signals that we, as designers, have a crucial role to play in promoting the health of our society at large and combating existing (and future) harmful and degrading outcomes. I am most passionate about how to use design to work with and within underserved communities to find creative solutions that empower and enable residents. After completing my degree, I hope to use my education and experience through community engagement and organizing to establish bottom-up growth and resilience at a local scale for those around the globe who need it most.

THEA THORRELL

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH i HealthByDesign means to care and think about why, whom, where, what, and when you are designing, as well as the potential ramifications of oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s approaches and decisions. I attended a Vocational High School of Construction and Architecture in Europe but gained an appreciation for the science of psychology as an undergraduate student in Chicago. In cooperation with professionals of diverse backgrounds, I initiated a line of interdisciplinary research and investigated the ways psychological, material, and environmental factors affect design, space, and architecture as a MArch student in Milwaukee. Currently, I am a MS in Architecture Design and Research | Digital and Material Technologies student.

CAMY TRINH TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, B.S. IN ARCH

HealthByDesign means designing in a way that not only creates spaces that address wellbeing in the healthcare field, but also focuses on the overall wellbeing of its users. I am currently a fourth year undergraduate student studying architecture at Taubman College. I believe that as designers, we not only have the ability to make the world a beautiful sight, but also have the ability to influence change through our unique understanding of society and space. We must not simply focus our efforts on the efficiency or aesthetic of space. Instead, we as designers should also be designing for the comfort and betterment of designated occupants.

JAMIE WIBERG TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH COLLEGE OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, M.ENG i HealthByDesign feels natural. Health is my muse as a future architect to be responsible for linking design to proven positive outcomes through research, logic, and compassion. I received my Bachelors of Science in Architectural Studies and Minor in Sustainability, Energy, and Environment from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. I am passionate about sustainable development that improves the health and wellness of all beings. In the future, I hope to combine interdisciplinary knowledge towards solving pressing issues and creating innovative solutions.

VICTORIA YU

TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING, M.ARCH i HealthByDesign is to harness creative approach to enhance oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s physical and mental strength to achieve desirable goals. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a great opportunity to enrich the design and ensuring its agency with research and knowledge from multiple disciplines. Over the past 3 years, my works have been focusing on rethinking the relationship among people and their built environment that challenges conventional typologies in search of an alternative way of living. After receiving a B.S. in Psychology from the University of Washington, I worked as an intern at international offices in Tokyo, Rotterdam, and Copenhagen to further this investigation of social/environmental interaction.

ABOUT THE PROFESSOR, DR. UPALI NANDA i UPALI@UMICH.EDU Upali Nanda is an associate professor of practice at Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning, an adjunct faculty at School of Public Health, a fellow of the Institute for Health Policy Innovation, and the research director for HKS, a global architecture firm. She serves on the board of the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture and was voted as one the 10 most influential people in Healthcare Design by Healthcare Design Magazine in 2015. In 2018 she was awarded the Women in Architecture Innovator Award by Architectural Record for her work linking human outcomes to the design of our environments. She sits on the nexus of many disciplines and believes that we have to put our disciplinary arrogance aside to effect real change, while leveraging the agency our unique skillsets give us.

Join and help grow our #HealthbyDesign community!

HealthbyDesign means... “...recognizing that there is design in everything, and everything impacts health in one aspect or another. We can embrace design as a means to better health for ourselves and others.”

“...the conscious approach towards making every environment mentally and physically sustainable through the agency of creative design interventions.

“...what feels natural. Health is my muse as a future architect to be responsible for linking design to proven positive outcomes through research, logic, and compassion.”

“...to create healthier lifestyles by approaching challenges with research, data, and creative intent. Design frameworks must be mindful of future outcomes beyond the immediate scope.”

“...recognizing the role in which we as designers play and how it has a direct impact on the health and well-being of those who use such designs; to better society with one design at a time.”

“...to harness creative approach; to enhance one’s physical and mental strength; to achieve desirable goals. It’s a great opportunity to enrich the design and ensuring its agency with research and knowledge from multiple disciplines.”

“...to care and think about why, whom, where, what, and when you are designing, as well as the potential ramifications of one’s approaches and decisions.” 82

“...designing in a way that not only creates spaces that address wellbeing in the healthcare field, but also focuses on the overall wellbeing of its users.”

“...to recognize our surroundings and the built environment have a critical effect on our physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing. This phrase signals that we, as designers, have a crucial role to play in promoting the health of our society at large and combating existing (and future) harmful and degrading outcomes.”

“...recognizing that architects can no longer practice in the realm of “beautiful suggestions” and need to begin designing positively impactful buildings along the entire duration of a building’s lifespan.”

“...the cultivation of our transient interactions within the world. It’s acknowledging the beauty of our short-term occupancy through a lens of longevity and how we and our environments are made complete in unison.”

“...that with thorough research on user experience is the strong foundation that leads to better design on all aspects.”

“...to pay more attention to the human well-being aspect as a designer and create things not only with an aesthetic aspect but also a healthier approach.”

“...an opportunity to recognize the role that we as designers play in creating spaces that physically and mentally impacts people and changing the conversations that direct design decisions.”

“...to allow for access to needs for all parts of this world in a mindful and strategic way. I hope we recognize the planet and other species exist here. HealthBYDesign is not something that specifically looks at humans but the decisions that humans make to allow for meaningful ways to improve the quality of life with species we share this world with.”

“...creating with the user’s health as a primary concern. It enables a user to function at a highlevel of health, comfort and efficiency, while maintaining a sustainable and mutual relationship with its surrounding environment.”

“...tending to the relationships between the built environment and the bodymind while recognizing the cascading interactions between ecologies of living systems.”

“...when we place the well being and health of individuals at the forefront. When we design and create with health top of mind, we acknowledge that individuals are part of a larger intertwined society or system.” 83

HEALTHBYDESIGN.CARGO.SITE TAUBMAN COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE + URBAN PLANNING