Issue 43 March - June 2011
Contents
Egypt 2011 2 Flora Steps on The Success way!!
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More Development for More Achievements
PHD. Louise Ferguson In Cooperation with HEIA
Mr. Mohsen El Beltagy General Secretary
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Mr. Gamal Moustafa Aziz Treasurer
overcoming challenges concerning
Olive Cultivation
10 Table Grape Council Returns its activities with a great success
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11 HEIA organize a trip to South Africa For Developing Egyptian Cadres
do we know about 12 What Low Fertility Problems In
Board members Mr. Ayman Neel Mr. Hany Fakhry Abdel Nour Mr. Hassan Sayed Marei Mr. Mohamed Hamdy Fayed Mr. Mokhles Youssef Fadl Harraz Heads of the crop councils
Mr. Mokhles Harraz
Table Grapes?
14 Growing pomegranate,
Mr. Abdel Hamid Demerdash Chairman Dr. Olfat Hamed ElShiaty Vice chairman
3 SAHARA 2010 8
Heia Board of directors
Table Grape Council Chairman
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Mr. Bssam motreb
Mango Council Chairman
Between Past and Future
Mr. Amr El-Beltagy
Green Beans & Pepper Council Chairman
&Organic Agriculture.. 17 Nematoda New start for New success
Editing stuff Scientific Supervision
Agricultural Department Technical Supervision
Nagwa Ibraheem Publication Specialist
Editors Ghadir Ehab Yassin Farid Yehia Khaled Saleh Mahmoud Sarhan Mohamed Ali Rana Halim Said Abd - El Aziz Sally Mohamed Sherif Hassan Tamer Said Scientific Translation:
Reem Abd El- Maksoud
Mr. Hany Abd El-Nor
Tomatoes Council Chairman
Extension numbers Executive Department 225 Customer Relationship Department 139 Information Services Division 269 Human Resource Department 221 Training Department 219 Financial Department 212 Administration Department 505 Technical Field Services Department 124 - 130 Quality Services Department 134 Crop Council Department 137 Certification Preparation Services Department 116 - 118 Heia Airport Perishables Terminal (202) 22653218 Heia Office Luxor (2095) 2368686
Mr. Hasan Marie
The Citrus Council Chairman
Mr. Hatem El-Azzawy
Stone fruit Council Chairman
Mr. Khaled Hegazy
Pomegranate Council Chairman
Mr. Khaled Zein El- Din
Strawberry Council Chairman
Mr. Amr Orfy
Olive Council Chairman
Dr. Mohamed Adel El-Ghandour Cut flower and Ornamental Plants Council Chairman
Mr. Mohmoud El Ghandour Melon Council Chairman
HEIA NEWS
Flora Egypt
2 0 1 1 Steps on The Success way!!
Flora Egypt was founded by Egyptian Flower and Ornamental Plants producers and exporters with the support of the Egyptian and the Dutch Ministries of Agriculture to hold a successful fair and exhibition From 12 to 15 Jan. that reflected a very special effort from Mr. Sameh Bebawy the chairman of cut flower council. Mr. Cees van Vliet, the Netherlands and Dr. Adel Ghandour, from Egypt talked about the corporation opportunities in flower production and trade during the seminar: "Corporate sustainability in flower production and trade: future possibilities for Egypt". A flower arrangement course was opened for everybody by Dutch "Master Florist" Mr. Bart van der who shared with a professional team work to hold a Flower arrangement competition for florists to find 3 winners the first of them won a trip to Holland to see the latest techniques in arrangement flowers
And During the Flora Egypt 2011 Fair paintings of Liesbeth Verbeek, a Dutch artist will "color" the walls of the booth of the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Flora Egypt 2011 Organizer this year is the Egyptian Flower Council and Co-Organizers are: Union of Producers and Exporters of Horticultural Crops (UPEHC), Agricultural Export Council (AEC), Horticultural Export improvement Association (HEIA), IMC and the Social Fund for Development (SFD) Under patronage of Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Foreign Trade and Industry, Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs, The Royal Embassy of the Netherlands. With the Official sponsors: Anthura B.V. the Netherlands and Terra Nigra B.V., the Netherlands.
HEIA perishable terminal warmly welcomes American
high school students Mr. Agamy explains work steps in the perishable terminal
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For the first time, HEIA perishable terminal hosted the students of “Modern Education American high school” in a familiarizing section with the perishables’ air shipping concept.
SAHARA 2010: More Development for More Achievements HEIA participated in SAHARA 2010 which was held on September 2010 very successfully. More than 4000 visitors visited HEIA booth to receive the technical advice services from a perfect team work of HEIA farm engineers who are specialized in Mango, Grapes, and pomegranate. A huge number of well-known companies and participated in the fair and exhibition which was held by Expo. company to approve more and more success every year.
This school starts a new project under the supervision of Mrs. Nesreen Sadek, to familiarize the student with the fields and careers they would like to work with, so they decide which faculty they can choose to continue their studies. Mr. M. Agamy, the perishable terminal manager has showed the students all steps of working in the P-T and showed some videos about these steps. The students were impressed with what they have seen and could get a perfect idea about this field.
Ms. walaa Abo Halawa & Ms. Reem Abdel Maksood with the students in the PT.
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Düsseldorf, Germany 12 – 18 May 2011
FROM EXPERIENCE. Solutions ahead! www.interpack.com
Leading trade fair with new special shows: “Metal Packaging Plaza” and “Save Food!” As before, the outstanding position of interpack as a leading international trade fair is reflected not only in its response from exhibitors but also – in 2011– in a highly topical range of thematic areas that are at the very centre of the industry. Visitors can look forward to the INNOVATIONPARC PACKAGING with the focus on Quality of Life and to two special shows entitled “Metal Packaging Plaza” and “Save Food!” – Areas that have been expressly welcomed by the members of the Trade Fair Advisory Board.
29.11.2010 · interpack 2011 · ET / Motiv: Woher wir wissen · 105 x 297 + 3 mm · 4c · Heia
HOW DO WE KNOW THAT YOU WILL BE SUCCESSFUL IN MAY 2011?
With its “Metal Packaging Plaza”, interpack creates a new meeting point for the international metal packaging industry and its suppliers. The show will center around an information platform that provides background details about current issues from a professional perspective. The area will be surrounded by companies with innovative metal packaging solutions. “Save Food!” is about the way in which each stage in the packaging value chain and also in food transport and logistics can make a positive contribution to the combat against the pressing global issue of large-scale waste. The special show is being set up by the Düsseldorf Exhibition Centre in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations and the supporting associations of interpack.
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German-Arab Chamber of Industry and Commerce 21, Soliman Abaza St.- 4th Floor P.O.Box: 385 Mohandessin – Giza 1511 Ataba CAIRO Telefon: 002 02 33338 456 / 460 Telefax: 002 02 33368 722 / 026 E-mail: fairs@ahk-mena.com Internet: www.ahkmena.com
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As well as highlighting the current situation, a raft of solutions and approaches will be presented, showing how the protective function of packaging can effectively prevent food from going off between production and consumption.
New list of the Permissible Pesticides and Pesticide Residue An official letter from the central administration of the Agricultural Quarantine was received with an attachment to clarify the pesticide list which is permissible to be used in Saudi Arabia and also the limits of Pesticide Residue on exported agricultural and food products to Saudi Arabia and which subjects to gulf standards No.( 383ŘŒ382 for the year 1994). Otherwise the standards of codex must be applied. The agricultural export council provides a list of the permissible pesticides on the following web http://aecegypt.com/Uploaded/Pdf/lpp.pdf site: http://aecegypt.com/Uploaded/Pdf/lpp.pdf So you can kindly visit these web sites to have an And Pesticide Residue on the agricultural prod- idea about these new conditions then your shipucts on the following web site: ments not to be refused.
Crops Statistics From Italy to Guide The Egyptian Agricultural Field.. The Egyptian commercial services office in Milano Italy has provided some information and data about crops market in Italy. If you would like to get these data and information kindly visit the following web sites: http://aecegypt.com/ uploaded/pdf/BOLOGNA.doc http://aecegypt.com/ uploaded/pdf/verona.doc
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HEIA Articles
More than 56,000 top-ranking trade visitors from 132 countries Exhibitors conclude business deals worth billions FRUIT LOGISTICA 2011 has underlined its role as the world’s leading trade fair for the fresh produce industry. Attended by all key industry decision-makers, the event generated business transactions worth billions and attracted a record number of exhibitors and visitors. More than 56,000 trade visitors (2010: 54,000, +4%) from 132 countries attended the event. Dr. Christian Göke , Messe Berlin, Chief Operating Officer, stated that, “Its international scope, global market overview and high level of decision-making authority of the industry representatives attending the trade fair were key quality criteria for this year’s FRUIT LOGISTICA. No other event in this industry anywhere in the world brings together trading partners across the global value chain as effectively as FRUIT LOGISTICA. The trade fair is unparalleled as the marketing platform for the global fresh produce industry”. Exhibitors and trade visitors praised the excellent contacts to wholesalers and retailers, fruit and vegetable growers, importers and exporters. Although business deals were not the primary focus of their trade fair presence, exhibitors concluded contracts and business agreements worth several billion euros. Setting a new record, 2,452 exhibitors from 84 countries (2010: 2,314 / 71) presented the full spectrum of the logistics services required to ensure a year-round supply of topquality fresh fruit and vegetables to consumers all over the world. Some 90% of the exhibitors in Berlin came from outside Germany. On the other side Egyptian Companies actually made very good deals and business during this event. 95 % the Egyptians attended as exhibitors. Exhibitors presented innovations and praised contact opportunities Key objectives for exhibitors at FRUIT LOGISTICA included new 6
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business development, sourcing suppliers, providing information to industry professionals and building customer relations. These objectives were largely achieved. Half of the exhibitors said they had presented innovations or enhancement versions of existing products at their exhibition stand. 85% of exhibitors said that their participation at the trade fair had a positive impact on business. Although business contracts were not among the top priorities, one third of all exhibitors achieved new orders at the trade fair. Some 80% of exhibitors said they anticipated good post-exhibition business. Around 69% of exhibitors rated the current economic situation in their industry as favourable, and 83% reported a positive overall impression of this year’s FRUIT LOGISTICA. Statements by exhibitors on FRUIT LOGISTICA 2011 Statements, joint national stands Sherif El Beltagy, Chairman of the Belco Egyptian Company for International Trade (Egypt): “We are very pleased with FRUIT LOGISTICA.
Almost all of our regular clients visited us and we were also able to establish many new contacts”. Veerle Van Der Sypt, General Secretary, Fresh Trade Belgium / Sofie Lambrecht, Product Manager for fruit and vegetables, Flanders: “FRUIT LOGISTICA was highly successful for Belgian fruit and vegetable exporters. The personal worldwide contacts have been strengthened and arrangements made for the coming season. It was remarkable to see so many visitors from Russia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East and North America. Overall, the trade fair environment was much more positive than last year.” Lianne Jones, European Field Manager, Chilean Fresh Fruit Association (Chile): “The trade fair was fantastic! Our 68 exhibitors were constantly talking with clients. We had numerous enquiries, some coming from as far afield as India, China and Ukraine. Some exhibitors told me that they sold four containers of fruit in less than five minutes”.
HEIA Articles
Certificates Preparation Services in 2011 Certificate preparation services team work in HEIA is very well qualified to prepare the pioneer farms which work in exporting horticultural crops, companies and packing stations for getting the new version for all agro standards.
AF.3.5.3&4.2.24.2.4&5.1.4&5.1.5&5. 1.6
Preparation team work starts the implementation after contracting with following steps:
In the fourth version for Crop Base:
1. Primary evaluation for the station to define the needs of the company according to the requirements of the required certificate (Forms, Documents, and stands constructions). 2. Providing the farm with all needed standards documents and how to implement it. (Each certificate has its documents).
Merged control points: AF.5.1.2&5.1.3 to AF.6.1.2 AF.6.1&6.2 to AF.7.1 The added or amended control points are:
Mohamed Aly CPS Advisor
- LEAF - ETI - ISO9001/2008
4. After every visit the team work prepare a report to clarify the explained points, including : Cost of training for employees on the required standards and giving a certificate with this)
Introduction about the new version of the GLOBAL GAP V4.0_ Jan2011
6. Attending the final audit, responsibility for following up the all requirements with the C.B till receiving and checking the certificate. Then we follow up with our client after certificated specially if there is a new version or any changes with the standards. Certificates that we prepare for: - GLOBAL GAP - TN10 - BRC
And the control point: CB.8.11 is added.
- IFS
3. Determining the visits according to finishing every step, defining it and giving examples for implementation then starting the next step.
5. Internal audit for the standards then determining a date for the final audit with the certificate bodies (C.B) which the client needs to treat with.
CB. (5.1.1&5.6.1&6.3.4&8.2.4&8.4.1& 8.6.3&8.6.4&8.6.7&8.8.2&)
- ISO22000 - OHSAS18001:2007
The new standard implementation is optional to start by Jan 2011 and obligatory starting from Jan. 2012, as this year is just like transitional stage. Note: all the farms that will get audit for the third version have to do it before December 2011.
The control point CB.3.2 is upgraded from a recommendation to minor, and CB.6.2.1 is upgraded from minor to major. The control point CB.6.3.5 from a recommendation to minor and in the new version is CB.6.3.6 , the control points CB7.2&7.3&7.4 are upgraded from minor to major, CB.8.7.9 from a recommendation to minor and CB.8.7.11 from minor to major. The canceled control points: CB2.1.3&.2.2.1&5.2.2&7.5&8.1.5&8. 1.7&8.5.2&8.5.3&8.7.14&8.8.3 The fourth version for Fruit & Vegetables
The forth version for all farm bases:
The added control points or these which have been amended:
The added control points or these which have been amended:
FV.3.1.1&3.2.1&4.1.2&4.1.5&4.1.7&4 .1.9&4.1.11&4.2.1&5.1.2&
(AF.1.2.1,1.2.2,3.1.1,3.2.1,3.2.2,)
5.2.1&5.6.1&5.6.2&5.8.5&5.8.6
New control points were added which are: (AF.8&9&10&11&12)
And the control points FV.4.1.8&4.1.12&5.2.1 are upgraded from minor to major.
The control point AF.3.2.4 was upgraded from minor to major. Control points which was canceled from
The canceled control points are: FV.1.1.1&4.2.2&5.5.1&5.5.3&5.5.4&5 .6.1&5.6.2&5.6.3&5.8.3 March - June 2011
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HEIA Articles
PHD. Louise Ferguson In Cooperation with HEIA
overcoming challenges concerning
Olive Cultivation In cooperation with the International Cooperative Agribusiness Development Association ACDI / VOCA, HEIA sought the consultation of olive specialist PHD. Louise Ferguson from UCDAVIS University – California in the period from 21st of Nov2010 till 2nd of Dec2010, during which she conducted 15 farm visits to the farms of HEIA members. PHD. Ferguson delivered a lecture on her recommendations for these visits; she also discussed challenges facing olive growers, represented in: 1. Low productivity: was highly observed during the past three years although the trees were apparently strong and vigorous. PHD. Ferguson suggested that this may have been due to climatic changes; milder winter reduce the amount of chilling hours that’s why we have to work more on varieties and clones selected to do well in hot climates. High temperatures and low humidity exposure may lead to dryness, stunting pollination and fertilization thus regular irrigation and avoiding water-stress may help, sprinkler irrigation system is also useful in raising humidity; sprinklers should be placed underneath the olive trees as not to wash pollens away. 2.Parthenocarpic set: are small sized fruits appear in the form of clusters and are embryofree, PHD. Ferguson referred this phenomenon to: 8
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Mr. Farid Yehia Olive Technical Council Coordinator
•Improper weather conditions during blooming (such as high temperature stress (+30ºC) and dry winds) prevent pollen disperse as well as wilting the stigmas.
ing is maintained through placing braces in the northern side during cultivation, constant removal of growing grass around the main stem while no pruning should be done before blooming.
• Exposing the tree to draught stress and irregular irrigation during blooming.
Maintenance pruning and its purpose: getting rid of the dry tangled branches and opening the tree core in order to allow better light penetration, also reducing branches height (maximum 3 - 3.5 m) to facilitate harvesting and finally removing slugs and mealybugs.
3. Pruning and Training: Pruning of olive tree is an essential treatment, usually done after harvest. Training is the process in which olive trees are adopted to take a particular form. It is highly recommended to prune olive tree down to one main stem with an average length of 80 to 100 cm, then we allow the growth of other 3-4 lateral branches. Stem straighten-
Rejuvenation pruning or renewal pruning: as a result of tree aging or reaching an undesirable shape due to neglecting tree service and its done by removing lateral branches in order to rebuild the tree and this is either done once or gradually over several years according to farm conditions, with taking into consideration that over-pruning may affect the crop. March - June 2011
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Crop Councils Section
The participants achieved fruitful results during the trip
Table Grape Council Continues Its activities with a great success Season 2010 marked a noticeable increase in the activities of HEIA Table Grape Council; seven councils were held and 11 field days have been offered to various farms to initiate into pruning, dormex and canopy management also three lectures were delivered to review previous season concerns. Two trips were organized; the first was to South Africa for farm engineers and lasted for 45 days, while the other was carried out by the members of the association in cooperation with TradeCorp and YaraEgypt. Both trips were technically and financially supported by HEIA. Due to the thriving results achieved, all the exploration details were stated on a technical report available at the association and an educational lecture was conducted at January about the trip main points, The members’ trip took place in the period from 3 to 13 November, and was joined by: Gamal Mostafa Aziz (Elwadi Farm) Eng. M. Hamdy Fayed (Fata farm), Eng. Mokhles Haraz (AgroStar farm), Mr. Elsaied Mohamed El Maadawy (Dina El Maadawy farm), Eng. Ahmed Salem El Khalwy (El Sadat City farm), Mrs. Awatef Mohamed Aly (Elheba Company for Export), Eng.Eng. M. El Edaissy (Eledaissy farm, Luxor), Eng. Loay Alkoatt (K&S Agro farm), Eng. Moataz Maher (TradeCrop). And from the Association side: Eng. M.Helmy & Eng. Sherif Hassan. During this trip 11 farms, packing station and a sprinkling company were visited. The technical tour started at the Western Cape Province which is located south west of South Africa. The climate of this area is characterized by high humidity and rains and its late production comparing to northern areas. The production of this area starts during January for early species, many different varieties are cultivated there like: Crimson, Red Globe, Midnight Beauty (black – seedless – large berries – ripen one week after Sugraone), Ebony Star (black – seeded – large berries approx. 28 mm. – ripen after Red Globe by 1 or 2 weeks), Autumn Royal (purple-black – seedless – oval-shaped), Sundance Seedless (white tardy brand – ripen after Red Globe by 1 or 2 10
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weeks – average berry size 20-22 mm – berries are round in shape like those of Superior) One of the main features of this area is the well-coloring thus no difficulties are faced in growing such colored varieties there, contrary to the north areas which is characterized by the early produce and difficulties coping with colored varieties, but this aspect is surmounted by many different ways: • Applying coloring enhancements like high doses of Ethrel, with consideration of residual traces and applying times. • Using Protons (ABA).Absisic Acid), 1-2 applications. • Reducing the rate of Gibberellin especially those used for sizing. • Appling water stress during coloring phase (don’t overthirst) particularly in salty soils and those encountering other problems. From the Other significant observations which were noticed during this trip is that the fertilizing programs varies from farm to farm according to the cultivar, the plant strength,…etc), also the program differs on the same farm from year to year. While pruning, doromex and plant growth regulators are determined by the area, farm conditions and climates. Focusing on managing green foliage (canopy management) by reducing them to allow the bud fertility was also noted.
For more details about both trips, kindly contact HEIA. Sherif Hassan Abd ElGhany Table Grape Technical Council Coordinator
HEIA organize a trip to South Africa For Developing Egyptian Cadres HEIA organized a trip for Egyptian farm engineers to south Africa for 45 days with the cooperation of Mr. Maryous Aurvar; owner of human resource office at South Africa. The trip took place during September / October and is considered the first of its type to be presented by HEIA in terms of meticulous study and arrangements since no before trips comprised accommodating the engineers in the farms as to follow up all field operations during the season of production. The trip aimed at developing local cadres and training them at the highest level for the sake of enhancing farms owned by HEIA members in particular as well as improving the quality and quantity of the Egyptian grape crop in general. All technical operations from pruning till pre-harvest were observed. New verities, thinning, training and coloring, various assets, irrigation and fertilization programs were introduced. The trip was arranged at the Upington which is located at the Northern Cape province of South Africa, an early scheduled area from where the engineers were distributed to Upington, Kakamas, Augrabies and Down River. Trip Technical objectives: • Monitoring pruning and dormex of different varieties. • Managing vegetative propagation. • The thriving assets in the region. • Gibberellic programs for all varieties. • Pigmentation and its key factors. • Electrostatic calibration and usage. • Integrated Pest Management. • Analysis of soil and water. • Irrigation and fertilization programs. • The latter crop the tree bore and production rates. • Manpower rates in various processes.
Saeed Abdel Aziz Table Grape Council Technical Engineer
The team has visited the following Farms: Team work
Farm
Eng. Mohamed Nabil Eng. Mohamed Ismail
Carpe Diem
Eng. Sobhy El Gazzar Eng. Essam El Gendy
Rooiland Farm
Eng. Reda Abdel Maaboud Eng. Hesham Tantawy Eng. Mostafa Hassan Eng. Waleed Hamza
Chargo Trust AAA Trust
Eng. Reda El Barbary Eng. Mahmoud Hassan
Osiland Group
Eng. Mohamed Aabid Eng. Ahmed Abdel Tawaab
Southern Farm Saeed Abdel Aziz Inspection of all farms
The team has seen the different stages beginning from vegetative propagation till shooting in different varieties; they have followed up all the technical operations used for managing the vegetative propagation, its basic bases and the ways of utilizing it for obtaining vigorous shoots in the following season. They also watched spraying Gibberellic for different varieties as well as familiarizing with the modern spraying techniques for new varieties like the Early Sweet, Red Globe, Prime and Flame-Ramsey hybrid. Trimming and pruning were also observed. Furthermore the team was trained on managing manpower in different processes and determining their rates, in addition to the new uses of electrostatics and how they are used, calibrating spraying machines and modern trends in coloring.
Trip Advantages: The team spirit had prevailed, the cooperation between Egyptian engineers and their eagerness to discuss and exchange information -which is usable under Egyptian circumstances-, was very clear, the engineers well considered their action plan during the trip. The engineers expressed their appreciation for the warm welcome they had by the coordination office as well as the farm owners and this forms a good pattern for the upcoming trips. The report illustrating all the technical affairs that engineers were introduced to during the trip is now available, for more inquiry contact HEIA. March - June 2011
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HEIA Articles
Sherief Hassan Table Grape Council Technical Coordinator
What do we know about grapes
Low Fertility Problems? Why does low fer tility Phenomenon vary from one farm to another? And why does it vary in case of plastic covering? To analyze fertility problems, the following aspects should be considered: • Last year crop load. • Post-harvest Treatment. • What happened during Dormancy period? • Dormex application • Bud Break. It is well known that the cluster formation starts over at the flowering phase and continues 12
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through out the growing season. Applying any stress to the tree during this period affects the clusters’ shape as well as the coming year fertility. 1- Last year crop load.: One of the most important observations is that the more the number of clusters the tree bears (more crop load), the more the following year productivity is influenced (less fertility). Fertilizers are modulated accordingly; formulas used for 8 ton/acre differ than those for 12 ton/acre. The rate of applying fertilizers is
determined by the variety and the rootstock or on rooted. High intensity vegetative growth, high cluster counts and lack of light during the season, affects the following year productivity and fertility, in addition to blackstem infestation to current produce. 2- Post Harvest Treatment: Draught-stress,untimely leaf loss, Pest-injuries (e.g. Nematodes, Gacid (leaf hopper) and Thrips), Root-rot and other post-harvest stress are main causes of low fertility. Losses caused by Nematodes are
estimated at around 50% of the crop which represent half the damage resulting from all other infections. Infected farms would experience normal sprout till the length of 15 cm by then growth stunts and clusters abort. High Nematodes contribute to infertility problems in addition to root-lesions, root rot and early leaf fall. High dense foliage and summer non-pruning reduce the following year fertility. Optimal time for pruning is immediately after harvest or 2 weeks later, and not to be postponed till August and September. 3- Dormant activities: The amount of cold accumulated during winter improves cluster formation, enhances bud break and increases fertility. On the other hand, rising in average winter temperatures can decrease percentage of bud break, causing secondary bud to emerge (i.e. less quality and quantity). Cluster formation starts at April however applying any stress (like the common misbelieve of over irrigation during winter) restrains the bud breaking process. 4- Spraying Dormex: Dormex should not be sprayed earlier than 2 months prior to natural bud break; untimely dormex spraying decrease the percentage of bud break which indirectly impacts fertility as it diminishes the vegetative growth which plays its role in carrying clusters. Recent researches suggest that a one day dismiss determines the success or failure of the grape produce. Dormex best applied 4-6 weeks before natural bud break which mostly occur the beginning of March; thus spraying dormex should be in the period from 1015 January or at the beginning of February for late varieties. Fertility analysis has been undertaken in a farm before
pruning; the result was 86% but after shooting only 15-16 cluster/tree was counted. (All previous factors must be taken into consideration) 5- Bud break: Low temperatures at bud break suppress fertility, incase of spraying dormex in greenhouses (plastic cover), the early sprouts faces off a chill of 2-4 ºC along with high increase of temperatures during morning hours, leading to cluster abortion. Clusters start changing its color from greenish white to yellow and then brown, eventually it falls down. Contrary to the non-covered farms and those of delayed Dormex spraying the bud-break after the low temperature wave are thus more fertile. General Recommendations: • Managing the vegetative growth (canopy management)
as not to exceed 60 green shoots /tree (plantation distance of 3*2) and the optimal is 45-50 per tree (maintaining 20-25% of direct sunlight rays towards the strengthen system and indirect sunlight to clusters) there are some exaptation variety like RED GLOP • Early removal of plastic. • Avoid overloading the trees. •Fighting Nematodes efficiently. • Maintaining the rate of vegetation after harvest. • Summer pruning IF needed. • Regular irrigation especially during winter. • Avoid untimely spraying of Dormex. • Greenhouses management according to weather conditions. • Using growth stimulators after bud breaks like Cytokinin, Auxin, Potassium, Magnesium and Phosphorus. March - June 2011
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HEIA Articles
The past few years witnessed a remarkable trend to growing pomegranate in Egypt and many other countries all over the world. This great expansion refers to pomegranate natural abilities in promoting health in addition to its therapeutic effects; according to recent researches pomegranate has proved to be a superior source of antioxidants.
Khaled Saleh HEIA Pomegranate technician
Growing Pomegranate, Between Past and Future The world production of pomegranate reached 2.5 million ton for year 2009 (RIRDC), and this figure is significantly growing due to pomegranate high demand and consumption whether fresh or processed. Khaled Saleh "HEIA Pomegranate technician" expressed that Egypt's entry into the European market to compete with producers of highquality pomegranate became an inevitable fact, especially after importing new varieties the modern agriculture concepts of the new lands. "Wonderful-Pomegranate" is a new variety which highly competed with local varieties during the past five years for its high quality production and it's identical with the European market specifications. HEIA Pomegranate workshop (Luxor, April 2010): The conference held by HEIA in Luxor had a participation of about 70 farmers. Some were coming from Delta while the majority was 14
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from Upper Egypt (from Assiut to Aswan), the seminar was also attended by large number of research and development institutes great figures that were keen to view all the efforts undertaken by the Association towards improving the pomegranate crop in Upper provinces and all over Egypt. Field day to Pomegranate: HEIA organized a one-day field trip to MAFA Company as one of the association movements towards promoting this newly featured crop and for the sake of providing full technical assistance for pomegranate cultivation and production represented in the advancement of the farms owned by HEIA members (as was formerly done with grapes). Although the number of attendees was greater than expected, the participation was not affected, the attendees inquired about all the information they wanted to know from seedling to fruition without constrictions. Seeing 5 years old
of pomegranate trees, Wonderful brand, ten days before harvesting was one of the most impressive moments during the trip. Pomegranate Modern Cultivation Techniques: Pomegranate tree has the ability to withstand inappropriate conditions that other crops can not bear, thus no exigency for following new methods; however there are some characteristics that set pomegranate apart from other comparable fruit trees which require special treatment at certain
insect attack on fruit
The trunk after the insect attack
times whether during nurturing or foliage and fruit handling and also tracking the most suitable ways of cultivation in the new lands which is quite different from those traditional ways of plantation used in the Nile Valley: 1. Choose the right seedlings from a trustworthy source that have a length not less than 1m, a minimum thickness of a pencil and a vigorous rootstock. 2. Spaces of 2.5 x 4 (for small areas) up to 3 x 5 (for large areas) as
New spaces
Field Day
to provide enough shade in order to protect the berries from direct sunlight and relieve tree stress. 3. reduce the tree to one main stem and cut it back to 80cm above ground level, after sprouting up the lower shoots (first 30-40cm of the stem) should be removed then choose the best 3-5 well distributed -in the four directions- shoots arising from the upper part of the stem (1st year of plantation). 4. growing the tree on one main stem is more preferable; the produce is distributed on one focal point which eliminate tree sagging and the fracture of limbs emerging from same point near the ground surface consequently the occurrence of mechanical damage and fruit disruption in addition to reducing exports. 5. doing the appropriate pruning for each stage of the plant life cycle in the specified times not later because it affects the structure of the tree especially in the early years of cultivation which is considered the bedrock in the tree formation, also trimming should be done in the early years to motivate horizontal developing.
Euzopherodes-vapidella
6. Remove mealybugs from the Crown area regularly (use your hands). Do not use scissors unless necessarily. 7. Ensure the majority of the produce is from the second flowering cycle, for it produces the best quality of fruits (size & color) as well as raising the efficiency of pesticides for the prevention from root rot. 8. Maintaining the vegetative propagation in order to protect fruits from sun burns whereas the percentage of loss reaches 50% for exposed trees. 9. Proper fruit thinning; select fruit located in indirect lighting (shade) whenever possible, any existing selection of fruit in the shade. 10. Full awareness of the hazard pest infestation that pomegranate trees may encounter mainly in modern plantations. Euzopherodes Vapidella can decimate bushes in short period of time where infection is centralized in the crown area near the ground surface and beneath the bark tissue making it more difficult to be controlled and it appears in the form of erosion in the bark layer and since the thickness of small trees stems is not large making it easier to work full infestation in this region, leading to the death of the tree and in late cases of infection erosion reaches fruit parts therefore it is highly recommended to follow all the precautions necessary to combat it. In the next issue we will further discuss irrigation, fertilization and production concerns for all plant life stages. March - June 2011
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HEIA Articles
ISO 22000\2005 over view Food safety is making headlines more and more frequently. What can you do to keep your company away from negative headlines? Ensuring food safety is increasingly important in our global market. Can the Food Safety Management System, ISO 22000, help you? The I nternational Organization of Standardization (ISO) created the very successful quality management system standard ISO 9001, used worldwide by over 700,000 companies. So as the need for an international standard for the food industry became apparent, ISO started a working group to develop a Food Safety Management System. The goal was to be able to encourage harmonization of the many national and private standards in existence and add the management systems approach of ISO 9001. Starting with many of the same concepts as the Quality Management Standard, changing the focus to food safety management, and incorporating PRP and HACCP principles led to what is now ISO 22000. This standard can be applied to any company in the food chain, from field to store. How does ISO 22000 compare with other food safety standards? 16
March - June 2011
tem approach combined with the best food safety practices.
Eng. Khaled Elsayed Food Safety Consultant
You can think of ISO 22000 as a standard that takes the approach of ISO 9001 as a management system, incorporates the hygiene measures of Prerequisite programs, and adds HACCP principles and criteria. You now have the best of the management system approach added to the well established PRP and HACCP programs. Build your food safety management system based on ISO 22000 and you will benefit from the best of both worlds- a management sys-
As stated earlier, there are many existing food safety standards, but they vary widely in content, levels, and evaluation. To sell in a global food market, an internationally consistent standard is a benefit to everyone. Here we have to certify to all the chains from field to store that ISO 22000\2005 doesn’t reduce or eliminate the HACCP Standard ,HACCP Standard still alive and moving all over the world specially in USA the Origen of the NASA which created the HACCP system first time in 60th.,also BRC Global Standard UK ,for more than 20 years ago and 5 virgins incorporating the HACCP system and used it basically to implement, validate and verify the food safety.
Training Section
Nematoda
&Organic
Agriculture.. New start for New success During March - April 2011; Training department holds many training programs for HEIA members and nonmembers as well. Organic Agriculture (Awareness – auditing) course was delivered (2nd and 3rd of March) by Eng.Khaled El–Sayed; food safety consultant to discuss the following items: • What is “Organic agriculture?” • The main requirements of organic agriculture. • Organic agriculture basics. • EC2092/91 low for organic production systems. • Applications. • Period of conversion. • Organic Agriculture. • Egypt and Organic Agriculture. • Organic Agricultural Prohibitions Nematoda: “Definition and complete solutions for table grapes and citrus”. This course was delivered by Dr. Ashraf El- Saed, the Nematoda disease division supervisor in plants disease researches institute. The course was held on the 7th of March to discuss: • Nematoda Definition.
The different ways to collect Nematoda samples from roots and soil. • The different ways to extract Nematoda from soil and roots. • The most important kinds of the parasite Nematoda on both table grapes and citrus crops. • Integral control of Nematoda on both table grapes and citrus crops. Another seminar will be held about :” Grafting vegetables productions” to discuss: “Grafting in Solanacea ( Tomato grafting) and Grafting in Cucurbitacea (Watermelon grafting). This seminar will be held on 4th and 5th of April by prof. Dr. Farouk El Aidy from faculty of agriculture – Kafr El- Sheikh University. And for the fifth time in cooperation with the Egyptian Red Crescent and HEIA; The “first Aid” Course will be held on 26th, 27th , and 28th of April. For more information and reservation please call Mrs. Al Zahraa Ezz El- Deen ( Training Department coordinator) on Mobile No. 0120111273 or Mrs. Sally Mohamed on land line: 38371122, Ext (217) E- mail: aezz@heia.org.eg March - June 2011
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