LAUREA MAGISTRALE IN ARCHEOLOGIA PREISTORIA E PROITOSTORIA LEZIONE 4 17 OTTOBRE 2012
LA DIVISIONE DEL LAVORO COME PRELUDIO DEL POTERE
La Piramide come Archetipo del Potere
\
Standard Complexity Growth Curve
INNOVATION & SUBSIDY
GROWTH & EXPANSION
M. Zvelebil’s Lag-Log S-Curve
DIVISIONS OF LABOR IN PREHISTORIC SOCIETIES
GENDER and AGE
HOUSEHOLD TEAMS SMALL HUNTING & FISHING
TRAPPING
COLLECTING PLANTS FUEL
LONG-RANGE TEAMS BIG HUNTING
SMALLER ANIMALS BIRDS INSECTS
KEEPING OF ANIMALS &CUBS
CAPTURE OF ANIMALS & CUBS
TRANSFORMATIONS & FOOD PROCESSING
REPTILES CRUSTACEANS NOTE: Household Teams exploit the surroundings of residential sites, moving in radical directions with Daylight trips to collect a broad spectrum of resources to meet standard food and fuel requirements. Within the site they work continuously looking after all material needs of the group,including the keeping of stocks and reserves.
WINTER
PROTECTION & SCOUTING
BIG FISHING
STOCKING
HONEY
MOLLUSCS
SEASONS
EXCHANGE & TRADING COLLECTING OF DISTANT RESOURCES
SUMMER TRANSITIONS
W S
S
W
NOTE: Transitions indicate the periods when the group moves between Winter and Summer quarters and back. By camping in strategic locations many collateral resources could be exploited during the journey from decentralized ecological niches, along different optional pathways. Target-oriented survey works have made possible to detect these smaller campsites in different parts of the world.
NOTE: Long Range Teams exploit different environmental niches in local and distant territories, including food resources from big game as well as materials required for the making of tools, ornaments, rituals and processing of foods (e.g. salt). Higher mobility implies their primary involvement in scouting, exchanges and transport. Since their work is far more discontinuous than the Household Teams, LRT have longer idle periods in between that can be invested in political negotiations, ideological elaborations ritual performances, and eventually new manufacturing activities.
PARTE TERZA
LO SVILUPPO SOCIOECONOMICO SECONDO LE TIPOLOGIE INSEDIAMENTALI IN BASE ALLE TESTIMONIANZE ARCHEOLOGICHE DEL MEDIO ORIENTE
MAIN CENTRES OF MIDDLE ASIA IN THE BRONZE AGE
CASPIAN SEA
TEHERAN 1987
? Incertezza sull’origine delle specie CENTRI DI ORIGINE DELL’AGRICOLTURA E DELL’ALLEVAMENTO
JARMO, Iraq 1953-58
JERICHO 7500 BC
CATAL HUYUK 6500-6000 BC
STORED DATA
Mesopotamia, Uruk tablets mid-IV millennium BC
Egypt, Nubian pre-dinastic Signs (early III millennium BC)
China, potmarks (V millennium BC)
China, inscribed tortoise shell (late II millennium BC)
4x10 = 40+4x1= 44
EARLIEST NUMERICAL TABLETS
LAUREA MAGISTRALE IN ARCHEOLOGIA PREISTORIA E PROITOSTORIA LEZIONE 4 17 OTTOBRE 2012
AREE DI ATTIVITA’ E CATENE OPERATIVE
MAIN CENTRES OF MIDDLE ASIA IN THE BRONZE AGE
IL BACINO DELTIZIO DELL’HILMAND CARTA GEOLOGICA
IL BACINO DELTIZIO DELL’HILMAND DAL SATELLITE ERTS-1
ROMAN-BYZANTINE EMPIRE
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
EXPANSION & COLLAPSE OF MAIN PROTOURBAN CENTRES IN MIDDLE ASIA (c. 3500-2000 BCE)
AIAA INDICATORI DI ATTIVITA’ AMMINISTRATIVAA
New manufacturing sites recently found at Shahdad
We all know about the carved chlorite vessels‌
One of these unnamed stones is a peculiar gray fossiliferous limestone with dense clusters of white dot-like inclusions, so far not properly identified in geological terms