Studio 18 Articulated Matter
Himali Jajal / 1048659
The university of melbourne
Inflated Cont[ex]t : Project LUNA
_01_Metal
INTRODUCTION “What is a smart articulation of matter within architecture�, a question to seek an answer to throughout, in this expeimental design studio.
Our changing environment is led by shif
The architect’s ability to define, measure
ing social understandings of technology
and interpret this data can stimulate smart
and its prevalence within our world. Data,
solutions that digital design processes
computation and fabrication methods
alone cannot. Instead of being used purely
reach a level of complexity that enables the
as a method for production, digital fabrica-
cross-disciplinary medium that intertwines
tion technology can hold a larger stake in
global understandings in order to tackle
the design process that can be harnessed
wicked problems in an iterative manner.
to innovatively save material, create novel
_02_Plastic
Synopsis
geometry and design unique effects. design process due to its capacity to gen-
Exlab: A.M explores material through a chi-
erate data. Computation and digital fabr
tectural quality, encouraging the dissection
cation help create a methodology of design
of matter through an experimental process
that has redefined the role of the architect.
of prototyping and research.
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Prototyping can be a valuable part of the
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03 - Amalgmate_1_Immersive plastic
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01 02 03 04 05
Material i_play ii_articulation
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Machine i_play ii_articulation
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_01_Metal
01 - Kit of Parts
Case study Material experiment Form finding (optimization) Details Fabrication
Technology
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Kit of Parts_ 1
PAGE OF CONTENTS
i_play
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02 - Shelter_Fluid Metal
04 - Amalgmate_2_Inflatble fabcrete
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Design Concept
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Site Specification Form finding The loop Fabrication process Matter Articulation
01 02 03 04 05
Case study Tests ( Fabric, Ribs, cement ratio and inflatable) Form finding (optimization) Experiment_i_Luna_Jr Final Project_Inflato con(tex)t_Project_Luna (Sr.)
_03_Concrete
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ii_articulation
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Kit of Parts_ 1
Kit of Parts_01 _01_Metal
Material Metal
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To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develope what a material can become, several research and tests have been implemented.
The use of metal in architecture has been considered as the most innovative advancement throughout history as metal allowed exploration into scales which has not been possible before and till now also, metal is one of the most imperative materials in architecture. Apart _03_Concrete
from its tensile strength and durability, metal has the potential to transform itself into an articulated matter. Before articulation of the material, it is crucial to know the material typology, in which forms
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the material is available.
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Metal forms_
Metal can be classified into two categories: one that contains iron (Ferrous) and one that
Also, as metal is malleable it is available in sheet form and as metal is ductile it can be made
doesnt contain iron (non-ferrous).
into rods, wire forms as well.
_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_ 1
Metal Classification_
Metal
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Ferrous
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Non-ferrous
Steel
Aluminium
Stainless steel
Copper
Cast iron
Titanium
Tool and die steel
Tungsten
sheet
pipe
block
wire
rod
section
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_02_Plastic
Metal
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Kit of Parts_ 1
Metal Technique_ Mallebility and ductility of the metal allows it to be strong and lightweight at the same time. _01_Metal
A minimum amount of metal has the ability to make a strong structure.
laser cutting
Laser cutting
Riveting
Bending
Stamping
Welding
Soldering
Folding
Melting
laser cutting
Sheet bending
Welding
Folding
Riveting
Stamping
Soldering
Melting
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Metal
Investigation
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Kit of Parts_ 1
01_Play_Deuterotypes An experimental method to know what the material is, its properties, strengths and weak-
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nesses.
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Kit of Parts_ 1
Play_01 _01_Metal
Metal 01_Bending_Rods Investigation
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Investigating upon how a rod can be transformed into a three-dimensional form by just the means of a process of bending. Bending in one direction allows only to generate a two-dimensional form however if the rod is bent in other angle a three-dimensional form is generated.
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Kit of Parts_ 1
01_Bending_Rods
Analysis The output model, showed an unexpected properties to it. The idea was to create a rigid body structure but the model showed some tensile movement as well because the rods were not connected through the use of welding. _01_Metal
Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to generate a form with the help of just the rods. Hence, the method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine and metal cutter.
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Process_
Reflection Looking forward to an expected development in future which is based upon the investigating idea and the analysis, this proCutting rods through metal rods and pipe
Bending the rod through rod bender.
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cutter
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cess can be further develpoed by deciding the control of the angles and by means of computational modelling the tensigrity Metal Rods
of the structure can be articulated.
Control of angles Two directional bending
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Three directional bending
FInal form
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Kit of Parts_
Play_02 _01_Metal
Metal 02_Bending and welding_Plates Investigation
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Investigating upon how a metal plates can be transformed into a three-dimensional form with the help of bending and welding.
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Kit of Parts_
02_Bending and Welding_Plates
Analysis The output model, showed an immense amount of strength to it. The welding makes the form stronger.
_01_Metal
Methodology The method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine and metal cutter and welding tool.
Process_ A rib for the curvilinear structure _02_Plastic
Strong base
Reflection The articulation of matter ( here metal) could have been more refined to enhance upon geometry and innovative Cutting metal plates through metal cutter
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construction technique. Metal plates
Bending metal plates through bending
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machine
Bended plate
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Connecting multiple bended plates through
Final form
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Kit of Parts_
Play_03 _01_Metal
Material 03_Bending and welding_Rodes Investigation
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The intent behind this was to create nod like junction in any direction which is not possible to create in any other material.
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Kit of Parts_
03_Bending & Welding_Rods
Process_
_01_Metal
Methodology The method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine, metal cutter and welding tool.
Analysis This kind of a joinary allows a further growth in any direction. Hence a skeleton for the doublly curved surface could be easily made with this technique.
Metal Rods
Cutting metal rods through metal cutter
Bending metal rods through bending ma-
_02_Plastic
chine
Reflection The technique used is not innovative. Probably a more innovative method to express the material in a more articulated
Bended rods
Connecting multiple bended rods through
_03_Concrete
manner.
Final form
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welding
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Kit of Parts_
Play_04 _01_Metal
Material 04_Interlocking_metal sheets Investigation
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Apart from rods and plates, investigating into metal sheets. Using laser cutter machine to crop out thoughtful parts from the sheet to curate it into a articulation.
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Kit of Parts_
04_Interlocking_Metal Sheets
Process_
_01_Metal
Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to generate a form with the help of Metal sheets and interlocking in itself. Tools used for this process is solely sheet laser cutter.
Analysis The output was the most interesting output of all. The interlocking of the sheets creates a strong articulation.
Reflection
Metal sheet
Thoughful design for laser cutting
laser cutter
Output of the laser cutted metal sheet
Interlocking
Interlocking
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Exploration into different interlocking, subtraction into sheets can experimented. They can be used as a module and could
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be connected to each other through interlocking connection to create an interesting form.
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Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_01 _01_Metal
Articulation_01 Metal
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Bases upon the experiment such as benind og rods and plates, welding and interlocking of sheets, bending of rods to create tensigrity and welding of plated to generate strength, were used to articulate metal
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Kit of Parts_
Thoughtful concept sketch for the fragment of a whole
Rule based design for the control Nos of bends /m = 2 Nod of Points contacting the ground = (if column 2, if surface(arch) 4)
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Angle b/w two consecutive arms = 120-90 Length b/w two consecutive arms= 40,50,60
L-system aggregation Leaning towards this design to for a innovative construction method of designing a small model which through the tensile strength expands.
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_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_ Metal rods and plates
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metal cutter
Rod and plate bending machine
Bent element
Joinary through welding
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Process_
Final output
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_02_Plastic
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Kit of Parts_
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Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_01 _01_Metal
Articulation_01_fragment Reflection
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The tensgrity was only found in one part of the coulmn where the rods were not connected. When rods/plates are conencted through welding the junction becomes strong
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The tensgrity for a structure like column is not a smart articulation. Probably an arch or a double curved surface where tensigrity can play an important role is probably better articulation. Hence, an innovative construction method could on become performative design when applied to a appropriate geometry.
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Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_02 _01_Metal
Machine Metal
_02_Plastic
The industrial tools have proven to be powerful weapon for a designers to transform their ideas into a reality. The machines allows for a innovative outcomes.
Rapid prototyping came into play with the introduction of machines. Heavily industrialization machines have been scaled down which provided a way for designers. Incorporation of machine requires innovative yet precise techinques. Nothinc should go wrong when applied _03_Concrete
to the machine. The goal is to use machines to bring control of the design. The question what is a smart articulation of matter can be analysed through a new eyes of machine. Machine will bring a new perspective, manipulation, precision. processes of ad-
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dition, subtraction, bending, splicing and so on. The machine given was rotary laser cutter which cuts pipe, tube like geometry given the computation design.
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Kit of Parts_
Machine_01_Deuterotypes _01_Metal
To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develope what a material can become, a machining control has been put to curate new articulation of the
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_02_Plastic
matter.
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Kit of Parts_
Play_01_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal
Machine 01_Bending through larger cutouts Investigation
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_02_Plastic
Using rotary laser cuting machine to subtract material from the pipe to allow bending.
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01_Bending_larger cutouts
Analysis The output has a certain pleasing aestetics value. The bent is slick and clean. However, as we subtract the major amount of
Kit of Parts_
material from a particular part, it weakens the structure there. _01_Metal
Methodology Methodology for this process is to use digital design process to decide upon the larger cutouts and speculating the bending of the pipe.
_02_Plastic
Process_
Reflection Looking forward to an expected development in future, this method can be used where the curvature of the surface
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Decideing upon the subtration
Rotary laser cutter
Cutout thorugh rotary laser cutter
Single bent
Multiple bent
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is required but it is not taking a major load in that particular part. Metal Pipes
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Kit of Parts_
Play_02_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal
Machine 02_Bending through smaller multiple cutouts Investigation
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_02_Plastic
Using rotary laser cutting machine to subtract multiple smaller cutouts to for a controlled bending.
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Kit of Parts_
02_Bending through smaller multiple cutouts _01_Metal
Methodology Methodology for this process is to use digital design process to decide upon the smaller multiple cutouts and also rather then having cutouts in one direction, multiple angles cutouts have been experimented
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Metal Pipes
Decideing upon the subtration
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_02_Plastic
Process_
Rotary laser cutter
Analysis The output is not as expected always. This method of multiple cutouts requires a precision and a correct angle of choice. If the cutouts are too densed the pipe will not bent and if its too much the pipe will show defects.
Reflection However, comparing to the previous method the bending if controlled can become stronger. As the subtractive material is Angled cutout
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Distancd vutouts
cutouts
comparatively less it is stronger bent.
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_
Play_03_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal
Machine 03_Interlocking Investigation
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_02_Plastic
Using rotary laser cutting machine to meticulately design the subtraction in such a manner that they create an interlocking system with each other as shown in the physical model photographs.
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Kit of Parts_
03_Interlocking _01_Metal
Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to generate a form with the help of just the rods. Hence, the method of the entire process includes sketching, contemplating about what the material wants to become. Tools used for this process are metal rod bending machine and metal cutter.
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Metal Pipes
Decideing upon the subtration
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Process_
Rotary laser cutter
Analysis The output model, showed an unexpected properties to it. The idea was to create an interlocking system. But the connections are lose.
Reflection Looking through the analysis, the problem that occured is that the subtraction needs to be an exact amount and as the metal is finer material there is no friction to hold onto.
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Kit of Parts_
Play_04_kit of parts_02 _01_Metal
Machine 03_cuts Investigation
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Using rotary laser cutting machine to make cuts into the pipe to create a form.
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Kit of Parts_
04_Cuts _01_Metal
Methodology The investigating idea behind it was to make cuts into the pipe which allow bending of each component resulting into a geometry.
Metal Pipes
Decideing upon the subtration
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Process_
Rotary laser cutter
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Analysis The output model, showed an interesting output, however the question rises that how this method can be used in a 1:1 scale modelling.
Reflection The solution for it, to be used for 1:1 modelling would be to use it is as a module and making joinary system to connect all those modules to curate an articulation.
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Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_02 _01_Metal
Articulation_machine Metal
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Bases upon the experiments such as denser cutouts, wider cutouts, angled subtraction, interlocking and so on a new truss system is designed using bent members as the truss membranes.
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
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Kit of Parts_
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Kit of Parts_
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Kit of Parts_
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Kit of Parts_
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_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_02
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Articulation_01_Machine Reflection
_02_Plastic
It was an innovative way for us build such bending through the subtraction. This innovative way ws used to create a curved geometry.
However, rather than using this method on truss system, crating a doubally curved struc-
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ture would have justified the method.
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Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_03 _01_Metal
Technology Metal
_02_Plastic
Technology has provided vast opportunities for designers. It has broaden up a vision that can curate a design which was not thinkable before
The technology given to us is augmented reality. AR is a technology which amalgmates reality and virtuality. So the question rises that how AR can be used as an innovative technology to answer the question what is a smart articulation of matter. Is it the technology or
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_03_Concrete
the geometry or both.
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Kit of Parts_
Play_01_Deuterotypes_intial explorations Here are some of the initial experiments that can be explored to create geometry using the
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Augmented Reality
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Kit of Parts_
Play_01_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal
Augmented Reality 01_base geometry Investigation
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Investigating upon designing a base geometry that can be used a skeleton structure for the skin. This kind of a geometry require accurate bending which can be achieved through the use of augmented reality.
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Kit of Parts_
Play_02_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal
Augmented Reality 02_base geometry + wire Investigation
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Investigating upon designing a base geometry and wired frame to construct through the use of AR.
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Kit of Parts_
Play_03_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal
Augmented Reality 03_Dome Investigation
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Using Rods and AR glasses to generate this kind of a dome structure.
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Kit of Parts_
Play_04_kit of parts_03 _01_Metal
Augmented Reality 04_L system Investigation
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Using Rods and AR glasses to create complex structure like which whould now have been possible without hololens technology that it provides.
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Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_03 _01_Metal
Articulation_Augmented reality Metal
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Bases upon the experiments, we decided upon the base form, which is fabricated with the help of HOLOLENS (VR technology) and the wire mesh is fabricated through the use of VR
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Kit of Parts_
Form generation
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Here are some of the form generation to go forward through the VR technology
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_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
_02_Plastic
Process_
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Kit of Parts_
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Kit of Parts_
Primary and secondary structure connected via soldering
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49 mm
47m
m
25 mm
41 mm
25 mm
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Secondary mesh with varying u/v
Weld point 1
Metal rods bent and weld together
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Weld point 2
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
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_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_
Kit of Parts_03
_01_Metal
Articulation_01_Augmented reality Reflection
_02_Plastic
Through the process of fabrication we realised that hololens (Augmeneted reality is not accurate enough for the fabrication it has 10% error there)
Hence to rectify the situation, a loop construction method can be think upon, in which a digital design is fabricated in a part though AR, the model is 3d scanned and digital design
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_03_Concrete
is updated.
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Shelter
Introduction _01_Metal
Metal Shelter Investigation
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
A shelter can be defined as a basic architectural structure that provides salvation from the local enviornment; a shelter can also be explaied as sense and/or feeling that surrounds the inhabitant. A shelter can exist in different solutions. Whether specific to site or site-less the shelter has one undeniable characteristic - its relationship to human scale.
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Shelter
Concept
Form
Our notion of shelter
_01_Metal
Post-Tensioned Structure
AR technology Novel geometry
Innovative Construction
Performative Design
_02_Plastic
Performative Design
Innovative Construction
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Novel geometry
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Physical - computer loop
Reduce the error
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3D scanning
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Shelter
_01_Metal
Site investigation
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_02_Plastic
Choosing an abandoned site without a roof. Applyig our articulation of design idea on it.
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Shelter
The surface
Metal rods at the end connected through
Site condition
_03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Form finding
Devision of the roof
cable wires in tension
Final form
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Shelter
Digital Design
Fabrication through AR
Updating digital design
Making
the
form
Updating digital design
keeping in mind the error
through tensioned ca-
again as the tensioned ca-
from AR (3D scanning)
ble
ble wire changes the form
_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
The loop
Final form
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_03_Concrete
(3D scanning)
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Shelter
_01_Metal
Fragment
Corrugated sheet for cladding
_02_Plastic
Bolts 2 mm dia cable Cable weaved through holes drilled in Hollow circular section (Post tensioning)
Rod to cable connection detail
m
0m
Rod to structure connection detail
m
1400m
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Hollow Section with _03_Concrete
Hollow Section
Hollow circular section (12.7 mm) with 3D bending mm
950
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Shelter
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_01_Metal
Shelter
_03_Concrete
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_01_Metal
Shelter
Sectional Perspective
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Shelter
Fragment
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Shelter
_01_Metal
Shelter Reflection
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_02_Plastic
There are several issue with this method. 1. Form 2. Innovative construction method
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Shelter
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_01_Metal
Reflection on form design
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Roof condition (shape) and division
Module design on the basis of cornor points and desired Acording to the cornor points of the double curved surheight.
face, the form made from metal rods is connected through cable wires in tension to keep the form in tension.
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0 _01_Metal
Material Plastic
_02_Plastic
To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develop what a material can become, a new research needs to be developed
Using metal, through the kit of parts, it is imperative to understand the properties of plastic first. How it is different from metal. What are the positive aspects and negative aspects of the same.
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_03_Concrete
Hence, the first part is to go through the case studies.
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
_01_Metal
The merge Geometry
Ground Condition
_02_Plastic
Thermoforming
Material Thickness _03_Concrete
Panelization
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Connection ( Panel to Panel)
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Shellstar pavillion
Findings
Shellstar is a lightweight temporary pavilion that maximizes its spatial performance while minimizing structure and material.
Form finding - form finding and structural analysis was done simultanously to finalize the form. And the panelization was done in terms of a panel bening a cluster however the panelization was not done equally throughout the surface area. Panelization stretches along the curve of the surface.
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Materials: Polypropylene corrugated plastic sheets and zip-ties.
_01_Metal
Case studies
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Case studies Armadillo vault
Learnings - Form generating through catenary inflation and structural optimization to reduce the deflection points and Paneli-
Learnings - form finding is done through structural optimization
1| Armadillo Vault _01_Metal
Marc Fornes
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
zation in terms of strips to reduce the amount of connection to be done hence reducing the assembaly time.
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Material experimentation _01_Metal
Peeling Material experimentation was done through exploring the “peeling� language which enhances the thermoforming
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_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
properties of plastic.
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Design To find efficient structural expressions integral to the material qualities of our chosen plastic; HDPE. To create a form that is simple, fluid, and immersive which is also self-supporting.
Form Generation
_01_Metal
Intent
_02_Plastic
Structural optimization
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_03_Concrete
FEA analysis
Mesh Rationalization
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Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Form finding _01_Metal
Intent
We started sketching out forms that aimed to achieve all of our design intentions as well as those defined by
148
We then had to translate these rough sketches into Rhino geometry, the smooth sweeping surfaces of the form were only possible with NURBS geometry.
Setting anchor points along base curves effects the whole design, including the viability of the designs final fabrication.
The spring length of the Kangaroo Physics componet determines the strength of the virtual force which is being applied to the model.
The Kanagroo component outputs points at mesh vertices of the final form, we took these points and translated them into mesh faces.
The final Kanagroo generated form extended past the ground plane in certain areas and was messy around the edges, we manually cleaned it up in
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_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_02_Plastic
To find efficient structural expressions integral to the material qualities of our chosen plastic; HDPE. To create a form that is simple, fluid, and immersive which is also self-supporting.
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
01_ REFERENCE
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02_ DEFINE 03_ MATERIAL
0 4 _ A N A LY S I S
05_ STRESS 06_ LOAD
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Form analysis
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
From the Karamba analysis of the model, we found that the mesh underwent minimal deflections (<0.2), and had minimal elastic energy.
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
However, when we went to fabricate the model, because of several factors namely; the inaccuracy of the thermoformed bends, the model is under much greater stress, and many connection panels are not fully planar.
DEFORMATIONS
152
DISPLACEMENT
STRESS LINES
P R I N C I P L E
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Vertices Stress lines Closest points model 1 model 2 _03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
Original
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
_03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Ivy Unrolling
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_03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Unrolled form
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_03_Concrete
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Unrolled
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_03_Concrete
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_01_Metal
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Details
162 163
_03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Footing detail
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166 167 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
_03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Footing detail
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_03_Concrete
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Fabrication sequence
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_01_Metal
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Amalgamation: articulation 1.0
Amalgmation 1.0 _01_Metal
Plastic Reflection
_02_Plastic
Coming from metal it was altogether a different experience to work with plastic. Plastic is a lot more forgiving material and it is a easy to work with material
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
However we could not finish the model because of several reasons. 1. Panelisation Penalizing the form into 150 component is a time consuming for fabrication. 2. Thickness of the material. 3. Joinary 4. Atmospheric condition
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0 _01_Metal
Material Inflato_Concrete
_02_Plastic
To fathom what the material is, to express the articulation of material and to develope what a material can become, a new material was exposed to us
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
The by far research includes making inflatable and casting fabric+concrete on it. However they have faced failure in the last experiment due to Form designing, curvature of the form, ground condition, material, cement ratio, ribbing experiment. Hence before jumping into new design several experiments were done.
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Fabric
Concrete
Geometry
Inflatable
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Casestudies
KOKAWA_ICE DOME
_01_Metal
_the
WORK FORM TIC A M EU PN
FABRIC FOR MW OR K GAP_precedents
CONCRETE CANVAS
LATORRE_ICEBLOCK DOME
LIUTI_AIRSHELL
_02_Plastic
FABCRETE
HADID_KNITCANDELA BINISHELL_CONCRETE DOMES
TRADITIO NAL FO RM W OR
KOKAWA_ICE SHELL
LATORRE_ICEBLOCK DOME
1985
pneumatic formwork
2010
LIUTI_AIRSHELL
2018
BINI_CONCRETE SHELL
CANDELA_LOS MANANTIALES
1958
EX-LAB:AM INFLATED FABCRETE
2019
1960s
concrete structures
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_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
E RUCTUR L ST HEL S E ET CR N CO
K
FELIX CANDELA
CONCRETE CANVAS
2005
HADID_KNITCANDELA
2018
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01.4_fabcrete
Thin FineHessian Hessian
Cement - 10 cups Water - 2.7 cups
Thick Hessian
Cement - 10 cups Water - 2.85 cups notes: did not absorb concrete efficiently, required more water to be added during massaging stage, did not absorb water whilst soaking
Dingo high Strength
Cement - 10 cups Water - 3.15 cups
Cement - 10 cups Water - 4.175 cups
Towel
Cotton
Cement - 10 cups Water - 4 cups notes: Mixture too watery due to excess water in towel
Cement - 10 cups Water - X cups
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
Pure Cement
Cement - 10 cups Water - 3.1 cups notes: too much excess mixture. Shows that it does not absorb mixture as efficiently
Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 1.75 cups
Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 2 cups
Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 2 cups
Cement - 5 cups Sand - 5 cups Water - 1.825 cups
Cement - 3.3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2 cups
Cement - 3.3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2 cups
Cement - 3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2 cups
Cement - 3.3 cups Sand - 6.7 cups Water - 2.2 cups
notes: mixture made to be more watery to prevent mixture from being too dry whilst massaging
notes: mixture was good but towel was too dry when massaging mixture resulting in too much absorption
notes: absorbs less mixture
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Cement - 10 cups Water - 2.7 cups
_02_Plastic
_need more consistent headings with presentation
_01_Metal
_concrete tests
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_03_Concrete
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Fabric + cement ratio test
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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Base Layer 2
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Additional Layer 4
15 00
0
90
12 00
_01_Metal
90 0
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Material thickness test
600
Additional Layer 3
Base Layer 1
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Cotton
Builderâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Cement
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_02_Plastic
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
60 60 60 60
_01_Metal
60 60 60 60
60
Hessian Layer 1
Hessian Layer 1
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_01_Metal
_more inconsistent _harder to sew (thickness) _much heavier
_bind concrete to fabric and additional concrete to the structure _unexpectedly made mixture more workable and smooth finish
_02_Plastic
_Easier to work with (sewing) _Lighter _less inconsistent _achieves structural capacity
Cement - 33.3 cups Water - 13.3 cups
Bondcrete
pintucked
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Cement - 20 cups Water - 6.3 cups
Cement - 12cups Water - 4.9 cups incl. Bondcrete
Cement - 14 cups Water - 6.1 cups
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_03_Concrete
_make mixture more workable (for a while)
Cement - 56.6 cups Water - 22.6 cups
plasticizer
layered
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
Cement - 34 cups Water - 10.71 cups
_eventually became lumpy
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_airtightness _01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Inflatable test
_bilge blower constant air supply _bilge blower constant air supply
_02_Plastic
_bilge blower constant air supply
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_constant air supply
_03_Concrete
_bilge blower constant air supply
_air input _air leak
_airtight
_air input
_air input _air leak
_air leak
_air input _air leak
_inflatable could not lift casted concrete structure _air input would go back out through the fan 208
_airtight structure meant enough pressure would build to lift the concrete structure 209
_glue does not stick to tarp _not airtight
Sika high strength epoxy repair _Recommended epoxy but only avaliable in small quantities (10-25ml) _1L tub, but specified as structural adhesive for concrete, masonry, polyester etc _Mainly used to repair holes
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Inflatable test
_glue bonds with tarp
loctite super glue
_not airtight
_Chemically binding, for all plastics _ only available in 4ml tubes, too expensive _hard to ensure airtight
_can inflate
_02_Plastic
_cannot inflate
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_Thick layer: _glue sticks to plastic _airtight
_03_Concrete
_can lift concrete block
Protek PVC Cement _Recommended by the workshop (what they used for vacuum bags) _For high-pressure PVC U pipes, can take pressure from inflation+weight of concrete _cheap, comes with brush attachment to apply
_can inflate _can lift concrete block 210
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_01_Metal
Form finding
Fabric draping
External Consultation
Compromised Form
_02_Plastic
Chosen Form
Structural analysis using Karamba
Structural optimization using octopus
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
Form Finding Using Rhino
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
1. Form finding
Form Finding Using Rhino
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_03_Concrete
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Fabric draping
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_03_Concrete
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Structural optimization using octopus and Karamba
219 _01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Octopus optimization
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_03_Concrete
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Chosen Form
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_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_02_Plastic
External Consultation
224 Compromised Form
225 _01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_02_Plastic
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Luna_Jr
226 _01_Metal
Experiment 1
Inflato_Concrete 1:4 experiment
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
230 231 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
238 239 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
240 241 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Experiment 2 _01_Metal
Luna_Sr Infleted con(tex)t : Proejct Luna
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Final 1:1 project. After successful result of the 1:4 project, we headed with 1:1 designing.
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Projct Luna
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
TOP COVER STRIP EXTERIOR
Inflatable
TOP PATCH
_01_Metal
VERTICAL STRIP PATCH EXTERIOR
_02_Plastic
BASE STRIP PATCH EXTERIOR
MAIN INFLATABLE BODY
_03_Concrete
TOP COVER STRIP INTERIOR
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
VERTICAL STRIP PATCH INTERIOR
BASE
BASE STRIP PATCH BOTTOM
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250 251 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
252 253 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
254 255 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Projct Luna
256 257
_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
Rib sewing lines
Offset for adding Ribs
258 _02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Fabric
sewing margin
259
2000
_01_Metal
_Nesting and CNC milling
_02_Plastic
1200
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
00_Fabric Process
_03_Concrete
1200
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
2000
Tracing with CNC Milling machine to save time through a 3D printed attatchment to hold the sharpie 260
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
00
20 12
Pinning Parts of fabric along the sewing margin for sewing
Pinning Ribs along the rib lines for sewing
Sewing the Parts together, following the sewing margin
Machine set to a straight stitch for efficiency
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
Pinning and Cutting the CNC traced Fabric After double layering it
_03_Concrete
00
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
268 269 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Detailing
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
2_Anchoring inflatable
_Screws _Metal L Brackets
_Excess plastic from the skirt is trimmed _Footing formwork
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
5_Removing formwork
_Footing formwork is removed
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4_Fixing the footings
_02_Plastic
3_Positioning the footing
_Footing is tensioned and screwed into the footing formwork _Coated fabric footing is rolled up into the footing
6_removing platform for showcase
_03_Concrete
_section detail
1_Placing inflatable _Waterproof paint coat _Body of inflatable _Glue _Inflatable base _Platform
_01_Metal
Construction Process
_inflatable is removed _Platform is removed
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_01_Metal
_assembly process
1
_cut slits
2
_apply glue
3
_spread glue evenly
4
_let glue harden
5
_connect and heat the area
6
_apply pressure with roller
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Inflatable
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_connection process
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_stage 2: inflated cont[ex]t _spread out fabric and inflatable
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_anchor fabric to inflatable _insert air source into nozzle
9
_inflate the inflatable
ail det ing t o
_02_Plastic
8
_make new concrete mixture in cement mixer _pull on edges of footing to tension _drill in fabric into footing mould and roll up excess fabric _pour concrete mix on top of rolled up footings
_03_Concrete
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
10
_fo
_01_Metal
7
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02_shell optimization _01_Metal
_packing
30
10
_packing 1.0
_packing 2.0
_final ribbing method _not rigid enough for upscaling _ribbings create pockets for packing
_initial packing idea _requires too much concrete _extreme thickness that is not needed for the scale
_compromise for packing _thickness achieved sufficient without using too much concrete _sufficient rigidness for the scale we need
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
_pintuck
_02_Plastic
30
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_anchoring fabric to inflatable
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
_anchoring fabric to inflatable
Studio 18 Articulated Matter
_03_Concrete
_02_Plastic
_utilizing webbing adjuster to tension the strap _for placement when massaging and tensioning of fabric _coat entire system with vaseline before casting for easy removal
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
294 295 _03_Concrete
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_02_Plastic
_01_Metal
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Amalgamation: articulation 2.0
Reflection
_01_Metal
So what is a smart articulation of matter?! The entire studio journey has been one roller-coaster ride. Taking this studio to learn how to actually build things to crying over not to understand how to do it. The studio has come to an end. I have used three different material throughout the semester! Metal, Plastic and concrete
_02_Plastic
Metal being the most difficult one to work with but the strongest one Plastic the forgiving material but too forgiving and concrete is a material (Probably my favorite) because of the final project, going to be with me for the rest of my life. Perhaps at the start of the semester I would have said that smart articulation of matter is geometry _03_Concrete
(because of my inclination towards geometry) But working with all of those material, learning new techniques and failing again and again Studio 18 Articulated Matter
I can say that a smart articulation of a matter is to understand the matter. what the matter is and what it want to be.
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Amalgamation: articulation 2.0