Building Report: Redmond Barry
ABPL90268: Building Envelopes. Ben De Nardi 384121,
Kai Ning Huang 314675,
Chris Jensen Hizkia Gouw 378785
Report 1: Redmond Barry Contents:
1.
Existing building report
Pg. 3
2.
Faรงade additions
Pg. 5
3.
Specifications
Pg. 16
4.
Suppliers
Pg. 21
5.
Glossary
Pg. 24
6.
References
Pg. 25
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Report 1: Redmond Barry The Redmond Barry building. The Redmond Barry building was built in 1961, and is named after Sir Redmond Barry. Sir Redmond Barry was a judge in colonial Victoria, Australia and the first chancellor of Melbourne University. It is located on the main campus of Melbourne University on Tin Alley.
West Wall
Existing building conditions The building is considered an example of post-war modernist architecture, with the landmark tower and use of cream bricks. The Redmond Barry is a 12 storey building constructed using a slab and podium system of steel and reinforced concrete columns, with shear wall infill’s. The podium is a low wall that acts as the foundations for the building. The shear walls counter the effects of lateral forces on the building. In the Redmond Barry building these are the brick infill walls that are expressed in the façade. The structural columns and floor slabs can also be seen throughout the façade. The north and south façade are composed of single brick walls with single layer glazing units that are framed by the structural columns and floor slabs. The north wall has had aluminium sun shades retro-fitted to the exterior. The east wall is the lift core and has a single brick wall enclosing the lift cores. The west wall houses the fire stairs and is also a solid brick façade.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry The building is 61 metres long and 13 metres wide, the long axis of the building is on an eastwest plane.
Faรงade performance: Improvements to the building envelope will bring the buildings energy performance up to contemporary BCA (Building Council Australia) standards.
Overall performance improvement
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Façade Improvements To improve the buildings energy performance and user comfort the following improvements will be made to the façade. The building envelopes changes are aimed at improving the buildings: •
Thermal performance – especially in regards to cooling the building
•
Natural daylight
These alterations will increase the buildings ability to passively deal with temperature fluctuations and therefore decrease the need to consume energy to heat and cool the interior. Daylight will also reduce the need for artificial lighting, also reducing energy use within the building. Aesthetics: Any alterations to the building’s façade will change the buildings appearance, whilst not a primary consideration, it is a consideration. The following alterations will be made to the Redmond Barry building.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry South Wall: The space above the lecture theatres on the southern wall are extruded, which expands the classroom spaces (refer to drawing A.007). Those blocks are similar in term of width and length (6 x 9-42 m), but vary in height (6, 8, and 10 levels height). The positions of those blocks are in line with the existing column grid of the Redmond Berry (refer to drawing A.001). Curtain wall are installed in the south faรงade of the extrusions, where precast concretes are used for the sides. A metal roof cladding is used for each block.
Glazing:
The primary intention of using the glazed curtain wall on the south side is to maximise the daylight into the building. This will brighten the space and reduce the need for artificial lighting during the daytime. As there is no direct sunlight on the southern faรงade no shading devices will need to be installed. Moreover, the use of curtain wall without shading would also provide undistracted view from the inside. On the southern wall a Unitized Curtain Wall system will be used as the construction technique. The main benefit of this technique over traditional stick curtain walls is the speed of construction. It also minimalizes the need for on-site labour and workers during the installation
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Report 1: Redmond Barry phase, as all the elements are not only pre-fabricated but also pre-assembled as a complete unit in the factory. This prefabrication method would also give huge advantage in term of the quality control. For example, because of the units are specifically designed, the amount of movement between the structure and the thermal movement of the frame at the joints between each curtain wall unit, can be carefully engineered into the system. In addition, it will also reduce or eliminate the need of site sealing. So, at the end, the installation of the curtain wall is less dependable on the quality of workmanship onsite. The offset to these benefits is the increase in cost, both in construction and shipping the modules to the site. Each module of the curtain wall unit contains the combination of double glazing and a spandrel panel. The use of double glazing (refer to drawing A.025) will reduce the heat loss from the large areas of glazing within the curtain wall. The spandrel glasses (6mm Jasper Colour Viridian Seraphic Standard) are used to cover the floor slabs to prevent them being seen from exterior. The spandrel panels (refer to drawing A.025) are also need to be insulated in order to perform a fire protection, accordance to AS1530.4. Rockwool Fireseal Curtain Wall Batt from Bradford will be used as the insulation material. It can provide fire protection to a curtain wall system for up to 2 hours. The rockwool insulation batts are installed between the spandrel panels and the edge of the concrete slab. The installation of the Unitized Curtain Wall will be done by Keystone Installation, a specialist in faรงade installation constructing service. The installation process is a simple one (refer to drawing A.023). The first step is to determine the position of the anchor assembly in the floor slabs, and then install them in the correct position. The second step is the erection of the curtain wall. The two common methods are with a crane on either the outside or inside of the building. In this instance a ground based external crane is preferable as it has more access and manoeuvrability. The other typical crane used in high-rise construction is the tower crane. This requires the crane to be attached to the building that is being constructed, which in this case is not possible, as all four facades are being altered.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Pre-cast concrete: To create the extrusions above the existing lecture theatres precast concrete cladding panels are installed. The speed of installation and quality control afforded, due to the controlled casting environment, by precast concrete panels over in-situ concrete is the reason for using pre-cast panels in this instance. There will be two types of bearing connections that will be applied to hold the precast in place (refer to drawing A.021). The first type of connection is using concrete corbels and cast in dowel fixings (load carrying fixing), which connect the bottom of the panel with the floor slab. The second type, tie-back fixing, will be used to tie the top of the panel into the concrete beam. In this fixing, a steel angle will be bolted into the precast panel and the concrete beam. In term of the performance, those precast panel will be insulated using bulk insulation inside each panel (refer to drawing A.021). 75mm Bulk Insulation (Flexitel 24kg/m3) increases the r value of the wall by a significant amount, which also means a better thermal resistance for the wall. In addition, each concrete panel will also contain vents (200x300mm in size), which will allow fresh air to be drawn from the exterior by the convection that is created by the trombe wall and thermal chimneys. The opening of the vents is designed with a slight angle in order to prevent water penetrating into the building. Wire mesh covers each vent, so insects and animals and some dirt cannot get in.
Metal Roofing: The roof of the extrusions will be covered by a metal roof. The precast concrete panels in the side of the extrusion are extended to create a parapet of 500mm height. This parapet hides the metal roof from the exterior of the building. The Lysaght Klip Lock 46 is used for the metal roofing. The roof will have 2 degrees slope toward south wall (curtain wall) with a box gutter just behind the parapet. Two types of insulation will be used in the roof: reflective insulation and glass-wool insulation. The reflective insulation material (thermofoil medium duty sarking foil) is installed just beneath the metal roof. It performs as a waterproofing membrane and vapour barrier that providing a secondary barrier against moisture, heat, wind, dust penetration, and condensation control under
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Report 1: Redmond Barry the metal roofing. Then the glass-wool insulation (Anticon 95) is placed in the space between the purlin. It provides efficient thermal insulation for the roofing.
Concrete floor slab:
Floor board insulation
Concrete floor slabs are used for the extension from the existing floor slab. In order to achieve a required R-value, board insulations (Kooltherm K10 FM Soffit Board) are installed just under the floor slab (refer to drawing A.022). The dimension of each insulation board is 2270 x 1200mm, with 30mm thickness. Each soffit board is fully fixed to the concrete slab using 11 insulation fasteners provided by Kingspan. The insulation fasterners are penetrated into the slab by a minimum of 40mm.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry North Wall: The northern façade will be replaced with a double glass curtain wall. This wall will work to allow more natural lighting into the building. It will also act as a trombe wall; this will improve cooling within the building and maintain the interior air quality. The exterior glazing unit will need to allow maximum daylight through. Typically with high light transmission glazing products a high percentage of transmission means poor performance in it insulating qualities. For the purpose of the trombe wall creating a hothouse effect beyond the initial façade is a positive; therefore the exterior leaf will be single glazed panels. The thermal chimneys on the east and west walls will act in tandem with the trombe wall in promoting convection.
Trombe wall diagram The interior glazing will be a double glazed, with mechanized vents (refer to drawing ). The double glazing improves the insulation of the wall whilst keeping maximum transparency. It will also act as a fire barrier between floors. The vents will be placed at the top and at the bottom of each section. The vents will be automatically operated to maintain interior air temperature as well as for night purging. The cooler air will be collected from the lower vents as well as vents in the southern wall, whilst the higher vents will expel the warmer air from the interior. The vents will be operated by an automated building management system (BMS). The aim will be to maintain a temperature range of 21° to 24°. The BMS will also manage the night purge. The vents will be opened in the late evening to flush the hot air out of the building and let it cool down over night. During the winter months, the night purge will operate on reduced hours, so as to retain heat for the building users for the next day, but also bring fresh air into the building.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry The roof of the trombe wall will be a metal cap. This will be painted black to promote the heating of the air within the trombe wall. The installation of the Trombe Wall glazing will be done by Keystone Installation. See South wall details for installation process.
Fittings: The hung curtain wall will be attached to the existing floors slabs by the components supplied by Spider fittings. A connector bracket is attached to each floor slab (refer to drawing ), from which tension rods are then thread through. The tension rods have the 4-point wall spiders (refer to drawing ) threaded onto them. Each of the wall spiders has attachment points that routels use to connect the glass. The routels have a silicon ring that thermally breaks the aluminium.
Glazing: A single leaf of 6mm Clear VFloat glazing will be used on the exterior for the trombe wall. This glass was picked for its high daylight transmission, 88%, allowing maximum daylight into the building. The high U-value and SHGC act to the benefit of the trombe wall. As the glazing heats up the air within the trombe wall cavity the hot air rises. As the hot air rises it draws cooler air up via convection. This cooler air is supplied into the building through the vents that are located on the southern side and at the bottom of each floor of the northern side. This creates an internal atmosphere that is constantly supplied with fresh cool air. The glazing will need to be lifted into place via a crane, with labourers in cherry pickers attaching the glass to the pre-positioned wall spiders.
Double Glazing: The internal wall of the trombe wall will be double glazed. Viridian windows make a Viridian Energy tech unit which is two sheets of 4mm glass with a 12mm air gap. This arrangement continues
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Report 1: Redmond Barry to allow maximum daylight transmission, 75%, whilst also being an effective insulating barrier between the internal and external environment. A low U-value means that despite the increased temperature from the trombe wall this will not be transferred to the interior environment of the building. The double glazing can be fitted during the construction of the external glazing of the trombe wall as it is set back from the external leaf of glass.
Metal roof: An aluminium panel that is coloured black is fitted over the top of the trombe wall. It caps across from the existing roof and encapsulates the front edge of the external glazing. This cap prevents moisture entering the trombe wall environment and being black captures more heat to heighten the working of the trombe wall.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry West Wall: On the west wall two concrete thermal chimneys will be added. The northern one will work with the trombe wall in removing hot air from the air cavity of the trombe wall. The southern chimney will remove hot air from the interior of the building via direct vents into the bottom of each floor. The existing brick veneer wall on the west wall will also be replaced by precast panel with insulation and interior lining, which will increase the thermal performance of the wall and provide flexibility to the connection between the thermal chimneys and the wall itself.
Thermal chimney diagram
Precast Concrete Panel: 150mm precast concrete panel will be employed in both west wall and thermal chimneys. As mentioned above, the precast concrete panels have advantages on installation speed and quality control; and this is the reason that precast concrete panel is the more preferable building material than other types of concrete in this project. The joints of the precast panels’ construction will be the open- drained joint. It consists of an expansion chamber which acts as a rain barrier, a loose-fitting baffle which placed in the chamber, an air-seal which placed at the interior face of the panel and a short length flashing sitting beneath. The baffle in the chamber prevents direct entry of the wind-driven rainwater. The air pressure between 13
Report 1: Redmond Barry the chamber and the baffle will be the same as the external air pressure. Thus, no rainwater will be driven into the building because of the pressure difference. The air-seal at the face of interior is the barrier of the external and internal air pressure. The water enters the joint will be eventually discharged by the short length flashing. The open-drained joint is designed for the mid-rise and high-rise buildings. The air-seal at the rear is protected from the UV light; therefore the seal will perform perfectly in long-term. The joint can also be installed from inside, which provide great flexibility to the builder for the west wall construction. The open-drained joint is also able to tolerant large movement. However, in the chimneys there is no floor supporting the panels horizontally, which might be an issue for the construction. In order to prevent the chimneys from falling down, restraint connections will be used between the vertical panel joints. Panels will be bolted with cleat at every vertical joint, and therefore it stabilizes the panels against out-of-balance gravity loads and resists the horizontal windloads. The chimneys will be a simple precast panel construction, but the west wall will be precast panels with insulation and interior lining because it has to achieve the standard R-Value in BCA. A layer of insulation of R2.7 will be placed behind the precise panels to increase the R-Value of wall significantly. The plasterboard will be the interior lining with supported by the battens (30mm x 75mm in size). Same as the south wall extrusion, the west wall connected to the chimneys will have small openings (100mm height, 200mm width) at the bottom of each level. These opening allow the ventilation between the interior and the chimneys. They will be covered by wire mesh to prevent unwanted objects get into the building. And they could be shut down during the winter to stop the ventilation and keep the heat inside the building.
Metal Roof: Same as the south extrusion, the thermal chimneys will employ the Lysaght Klip Lock 406 as the roof system. The parapet is deeper to 1000mm and the slope will be increased to 8 degrees. A rotating turbine ventilator will be located on the roof of each chimney, which helps exhaust the hot air from the chimney. The rotating turbine ventilator could potentially be an electricity generating device which transfers the wind force from the hot air exhausting out into electricity.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Window Glazing The window glass on the chimney will be Viridian SuperClear glass 10mm which has light transmission rate at 90%. The more transparent means the more direct sun light can get into the chimneys and heat up and air quicker. A layer of metal absorber with black coating will be place behind the window glazing to increase the light absorbing of the chimneys.
East Wall: The brick veneer wall that surrounds the lift core will be retained; insulation will be pumped into the cavity behind the brick wall to meet modern BCA standards for the R-value. The product of the infill insulation will be Sealection 500 from Unsulfoam. It is a polyurethane foam insulation which could be injected into the cavity of the wall leaves and set. This product at 90mm thick is R 2.4. To the north of the brick wall a concrete thermal chimney will be added. This will function with the trombe wall being installed on the north wall. The thermal chimneys added to the building will be concrete, which heats up and creates a convection effect, drawing cool air up as the hot air rises.
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Specifications This next chapter will contain the specifications for each of the new component of the improvements made to the Redmond Barry building.
Trombe Wall Glazing: The glazing will be sourced from an Australian company called Viridian Glass. The exterior panes will be Clear Vfloat, and the interior units will be from the Viridian energy Tech range. Product Name
Pane thickness
Pane size
U-value
SHGC
Daylight %
(mm) Clear VFloat
6
913 x 3350
5.8
0.82
88%
Viridian
4mm with a
various
1.9
0.74
75%
Energy Tech
12mm gap
Vents: The glazed vents will be sourced from Hanlon windows. The vents will be the aluminium Awning/Casement windows, series 466, with the automated option. The cooling and heating percentages are in comparison to a base case window. This is measured as an increase in performance as a percentage Product
Glazing size
Vent size
name
(mm)
(mm)
Aluminium
247 x 346
410 x 400
U-value
SHGC
Cooling %
Heating %
4.6
.3
56%
40%
Awning Window Series 466 16
Report 1: Redmond Barry Double Glazing: The cavity created between the floor slabs and the structural columns will be double glazed. These aluminium units will also come from Hanlon windows. They will be 4 different sizes from the Thermal heat range, series 730. Product
Glazing size
Vent size
name
(mm)
(mm)
U-value
SHGC
Cooling %
Heating %
Number of frames needed per cavity
Series 730
2300 x 850
2366 x
3.8
.42
52%
36%
4
3.8
.42
52%
36%
8
3.8
.42
52%
36%
2
863 Series 730
338 x 850
346 x 863
Series 730
2300 x 388
2366 x 346
Wall Spiders: The aluminium components used to hang the exterior glass wall will be sourced from China, from Spider Fittings. Spider fittings will provide the routels that attach the glazing to the wall spiders, which are then attached to the concrete floor slaps by connectors, with the whole assemblage held taught by the tension rods. The curtain wall is attached to the floor slabs every three floors. Product name
Size (mm)
$ per unit
# of units (approx.)
Wall spider 2501
250 x 250
$17.70
1200
Connector Z01
145 x 46 (dia.)
$5.00
150
Routel T02
115 x 59 (dia.)
$5.80
4800
Tension Rods G01 –
27(dia)
$13.90
2400
12�
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Report 1: Redmond Barry West Wall R-Value: Layer
R-Value
Outside Surface air Film
0,030
150mm Precast Concrete
0,104
90mm Insulation Wall Batt
2.7
10mm Plasterboard
0,059
30mm Air Gap
0.2
Total
3.093
Thermal chimney: R-Value: Layer
R-Value
Outside Surface air Film
0,030
150mm Precast Concrete
0,104
Total
0.134
East Wall R-Value: Layer
R-Value
Outside Surface air Film
0,030
355mm Precast Concrete
0,26
90mm Foam Insulation
2.4
110mm Brick Wall
0.18
Total
2.87
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Thermal chimney: R-Value: Layer
R-Value
Outside Surface air Film
0,030
150mm Precast Concrete
0,104
Total
0.134
Southern Wall Sourced from Viridian glass the curtain wall will use Clear Vfloat glass and the Viridian Seraphic Standard, Jasper colour. Usage
Product Name
Panel
Panel size
U-value
SHGC
Daylight %
2 x 6mm with
1520 x 2300,
5.8
0.82
88%
air gap in
1520 x 2910 5,5
0.67
55%
thickness Double Glass
Clear VFloat
panel
between Spandrel Unit
Viridian Seraphic
6mm
1520 x 950
Standard (Colour: Jasper)
Concrete: R-Value Layer
R-Value
Outside Surface air Film
0,030
150mm Precast Concrete
0,104
25mm Airspace
0,170
75mm Bulk Insulation Wall Batt
2,1
13mm Plasterboard
0,076 19
Report 1: Redmond Barry Inside Surface air Film
0,120
Total
2,6
Metal Roofing: R-Value Material
R-Value
0,48mm Metal Roof
0,00
Reflective Insulation Material
1,387
80mm Ceiling Insulation
1,8
13mm Plasterboard
0,076
Total
3,263
Concrete Floor Slab: R-Value Material
R-Value
1cm Thick Carper Flooring
0,18
200mm Concrete Slab
0,139
30mm Board Insulation
1,4
Total
1,718
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Suppliers Glazing Material
Supplier
Website
Clear VFloat
Viridianglass
http://www.viridianglass.com/Products/vfloat/default.as px?ProductType=Specifier
Viridian Seraphic
Viridianglass
Standard (Colour: Jasper) Viridian Energy Tech
http://www.viridianglass.com/Products/seraphicstandard/default.aspx?ProductType=Specifier
Viridianglass
http://www.viridianglass.com/Products/seraphicstandard/default.aspx?ProductType=Specifier
Unitized Curtain Wall
Keystone
Installer
Installations
Window frames
Hanlon
http://www.hanlonwindows.com.au/products_aluminiu
windows
m.php
Spider fittings
http://www.spiderfittings.org
Curtain wall components
http://www.keystoneinstallations.com.au/
Rockwool Fireseal Curtain Bradford
http://wwwbradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Comme
Wall Batt
Insulations
rcial/Fire-protection/fireseal-curtain-wall-batt.aspx
Material
Supplier
Website
150mm Precast Concrete
SA Precast Pty
http://www.saprecast.com.au/
75mm Bulk Insulation
Bradford
http://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Comme
(Flexitel 24kg/m3)
Insulation
rical/HVAC/Flexitel.aspx
13mm Plasterboard
Boral
http://www.boral.com.au/
Insulfoam
http://www.insulfoamsolutions.com.au/Pages%20Builder
(spandrel insulation)
Pre-cast concrete
(Enviro Multistop) Sealection 500
s/Performance.html 150mm Precast Concrete
SA Precast Pty
http://www.saprecast.com.au/
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Metal Roofing Material
Supplier
Website
0,48mm Metal Roof
Lysaght
http://www.lysaght.com/product/lysaght-klip-lok-406
Reflective Insulation
Bradford
http://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Comme
Material (Thermofoil
Insulation
rical/Thermofoil-Foil-Sarking/Thermofoil-MD-
(Lysaght Klip-Lok 46)
Medium Duty Sarking
Sarking.aspx
Foil) 80mm Ceiling Insulation
Bradford
http://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Comme
(Anticon 95)
Insulation
rical/roofing-blanket/Anticon.aspx
13mm Plasterboard
Boral
http://www.boral.com.au/
(Enviro Multistop)
Concrete floor slab Material
Supplier
Website
1cm Thick Carpet
Carpet Court
http://www.carpetcourt.com.au/products/Carpet/urban-
Flooring (Chamonix)
lifestyle/Chamonix
200mm Concrete Slab SA Precast Pty
http://www.saprecast.com.au/
30mm Board
http://www.kingspaninsulation.com.au/Products/Kingspan-
Kingspan
Insulation
Kooltherm/Kooltherm-K10FM-Soffit-Board/R-values.aspx
(Kooltherm® K10 FM Soffit Board)
Thermal Chimney Material
Supplier
Website
5500 ISOWEB Window
KAWNEER
http://www.kawneer.com/kawneer/north_america/en/p roduct.asp?cat_id=1910&prod_id=1867
GOLD™ HIGH
Bradford
http://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Reside
PERFORMANCE WALL
ntial/Thermal-insulation/Gold-high-performance-
BATTS
wall.aspx 22
Report 1: Redmond Barry Regular 10mm
Boral
Plasterboard 0,48mm Metal Roof
http://www.boral.com.au/productcatalogue/product.asp x?country=AUS&product=930
Lysaght
http://www.lysaght.com/product/lysaght-klip-lok-406
SA Precast Pty
http://www.saprecast.com.au/
(Lysaght Klip-Lok 46) 150mm Precast Concrete
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Report 1: Redmond Barry Glossary U-value 1: The U-Value is a measure of the rate of heat gain or loss through a glazing unit. It is due to the environmental differences between the indoor and outdoor air. The lower this number is the better the glazing is for insulating the building.
SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) 2: The SHGC is the proportion of total solar radiation that is transferred through the glass at a normal rate of incidence. The lower this number is the better for insulating the building.
R-value The R-Value is a measure of thermal resistance of a material. The higher that the R-Value is indicates the greater the effectiveness of the buildings insulation. It is also the reciprocal of the U-Value.
1
http://www.viridianglass.com/default.aspx
2
ibid
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Report 1: Redmond Barry References http://artemisbs.com/curtain-wall-products/unitized-curtain-wall/ http://islandglass.bm/commercial/curtain-wall/unitized/ http://www.boral.com.au/ http://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Commerical/HVAC/Flexitel.aspx http://www.carpetcourt.com.au/products/Carpet/urban-lifestyle/Chamonix http://www.enclos.com/newspage/modular_prefab_the_installation_of_unitized_curtainwall_systems http://www.hanlonwindows.com.au/products_aluminium.php http://www.insulfoamsolutions.com.au/Pages%20Builders/Performance.html http://www.keystoneinstallations.com.au/ http://www.kingspaninsulation.com.au/Products/Kingspan-Kooltherm/Kooltherm-K10FM-SoffitBoard/R-values.aspx http://www.lysaght.com/product/lysaght-klip-lok-406 http://www.saprecast.com.au/ http://www.spiderfittings.org http://www.sustainability.vic.gov.au/resources/documents/Window_protection.pdf http://www.syracuseglass.com/EDOCS/Spandrel%20Glass/EDOCS/Spandrel%20Glass%20Insulation.pdf http://www.viridianglass.com/default.aspx http://www.wausauwindow.com/education/curtainwall/curtainwall.pdf http://wwwbradfordinsulation.com.au/Products/Commercial/Fire-protection/fireseal-curtain-wallbatt.aspx
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