WWF Borneo Programme Project Information by WWF Borneo Programme

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PROJECT INFORMATION WWF-INDONESIA

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Conservation and Restoration in Kalimantan/ Borneo Securing natural carbon sinks and habitats in the Heart of Borneo West Kalimantan Jakarta Rudi Zapariza (rzapariza@wwf.or.id) KfW-Gov. Germany

3 years

Project Description: Project objective: Reversing forest loss and degradation in and around Betung Kerihun and Bukit Baka Bukit Raya national parks to reduce carbon emissions and safeguard important biodiversity. General approach: The project combines investment measures like the setting-up of tree nurseries and a learning centre with studies (carbon baseline and methodology for carbon accounting). Furthermore, the project foresees work with rural communities in the buffer zone of BBBR National Park and in the Leboyan corridor. The project will provide economic benefits to the communities and act as a mediator between them and government authorities. In return, the communities will sign co-management agreements (â&#x20AC;&#x153;conservation contractsâ&#x20AC;?) that specify rules and responsibilities. Success stories:

Result 1. Loss of forest cover in the buffer zone of Bukit Baka Bukit Raya (BBBR) National Park is reversed and high conservation value forests are secured On the basis of analyzed satellite images no new deforestation in the national park took place during the reporting period and the deforestation in the buffer zone could be reduced. A ground validation of satellite data analysis could not take place due to time constraints during the project period, but will be made following the project. A reference scenario without project measures was created for the 297.562 acre project, which includes parts of the National Park and its buffer zone in the province of West Kalimantan. A methodology to calculate the carbon reduction through reduced forest degradation, was developed and applied. Moreover, the project has developed a model to identify future deforestation risk areas. Capacity building for carbon calculations was initiated through a workshop in which a total of 48 representatives of the forest authorities, regional planning agencies, environmental offices, the park authorities and the business departments of the districts Sintang, Melawi (Bukit Baka Bukit Raya component) and from Kapuas Hulu (Leboyan- component) participated. The idea of collaborative National Park and buffer zone management has been adopted by the National Park authority and the districts Sintang and Melawi to which the buffer zone in the province of West Kalimantan belongs. In November 2012, the National Park Authority, the Melawi District and WWF signed a Memorandum of Understanding in which the priorities and arrangements for future cooperation in the development of the buffer zone are fixed. 4

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Result 2. Ecological integrity of the Leboyan corridor between Betung Kerihun and Danau Sentarum national parks is secured through restoration and rehabilitation A quantification of the expected GHG development with and without project was made. The calculation was based on the originally planned project area of 1,000 ha. In the project period 502 hectares could be enriched with rubber, fruit trees and hardwood (see Appendix 4). This was done in collaboration with three communities. With all three communities, the collaboration was formalized in conservation agreements. At the end of the project, the contracts were renewed with an open term. The contracts are important not only for the immediate planting activities.

The reforestation potential in the three participating communities Sungai Sedik, Tekalong and Sepan is reached. More afforestation areas in the project area are socio-economically not any more acceptable.

The Forest Service of the District of Kapuas Hulu recognized the reforestation area as a model for community-based forest management. The recognition of local government is just started with the proposal for social forestry scheme like Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) as targeted by Ministry of Forestry by 2014. Forestry Services of Kapuas Hulu and WWF have identified the restoration site which located in Lanjak Protection Forest Hutan Lindung Lanjak) as a candidate for site of HKm scheme. WWF, Forestry Services and Directorate General of Social Forestry by Ministry of Forestry discussed intensively to include the proposal of Hutan Lindung Lanjak to MoF soon. Moreover, the Forest Service of Kapuas Hulu along with the WWF and the Heart of Borneo Working Group will distribute at the provincial level this approach in Sintang and Melawi. Challenges and constraints: 1. 2. 3.

Illegal activity in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park (BBB RNP) : gold mining, shifting cultivation and poaching Income generating for community sorrounding BBBRNP Weak of law enforcement

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name

Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale

Based on the biodiversity map of Kalimantan and the HoB spatial plan promote the ecosystem based spatial plan for West Kalimantan province by 2011 West Kalimantan Jakarta Rudi Zapariza (rzapariza@wwf.or.id) WWF-Germany

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Project Description: The Project aims are:  Promote corridor & biodiversity vision map in West Kalimantan province spatial plan policy  Encourage Provincial Parliament to establish Provincial Decree on Sustainable Development and Natural Resources Management  Strengthen, support and facilitate the implementation of West Kalimantan province spatial plan Success stories:

Orangutan Corridor seminar and identified key partner (spatial planning team work, forestry department, NGO spatial plan alliance) to bring input into West Kalimantan province spatial plan. (a). Corridor and biodiversity vision map is presented in Regional Orangutan Meeting in Pontianak, April 2010; (b). Draft of revision on Provincial Spatial Planning is included corridor and other HoB sites into National Strategic Area.

Corridor Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum NP is being proposed as District Strategic Area in the Draft of 20 Years Kapuas Hulu Spatial Planning 2011-2031.At provincial level, in cooperation with other environmental NGOs in West Kalimantan, WWF was established Civil Society Forum for Environment or Forum Masyarakat Peduli Lingkungan/FORMALIN) by Feb 2011. WWF was also finalized concept paper that consist of conservation principles and the implementation of sustainable development principles in some sectoral policies such as plantation, agriculture, mining as well as forestry for provincial regulation on sustainable natural resources management, and shared to Commission C of Provincial Assembly to be followed up. It would be a basis of legal drafting for the next step of provincial regulation on sustainable natural resources management.

WWF role recognized as a member of Technical Support Team in finalizing of 20 Years Spatial Plan Draft of Kapuas Hulu District 2011-2031. In this process, WWF succeeded to convincing Kapuas Hulu Government to adopt tourism as leading sector in District Development Program for 2011-2031. To protected HCV area in DSNP and surrounding, District Government agreed to change of non-forest status area surrounding Danau Sentarum NP for protection purpose and protect 2 km areas surrounding DSNP as "green belt". 6

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Jointly with Provincial Parliament, National Mandate Party, Faculty of Law of Tanjungpura University and NGO alliances in West Kalimantan, WWF provided academic draft and Provincial Regulation Draft on Management and Protection of Natural Resources, referred and considered to Act No. 12 Year 2011 on Policy and Regulation Guideline. This regulation draft has content of protection, preservation, monitoring, utilization as well as punishment. During this process, consolidation among civil society in West Kalimantan (NGO, academician, press) improved. Several good cases/practices on sustainable natural resources management by civil society adopted in regulation draft.

The draft regulations of conservation and environment management presented at the Plenary Session Parliament of West Kalimantan Province by Civil Society Coalition on Spatial Planning by June 2012. This regulation targeted will present on June 2012. All the principles of sustainable development, food security, land tenure, HCVF, the driver of deforestation and forest degradation already included in the draft.

WWF presented the principles of Green Spatial Policy in Public Consultation on Revision of Provincial Spatial Planning in Pontianak, January 2010, many participants has strongly recommended to include this idea into finalization process of Provincial Spatial Planning. WWF is presented HoB Program, including Corridor Development, as good example of the implementation of Ecoregion Approach for 20 Years Long Term West Kalimantan Development Program in Pontianak, October 2010. It was hosted by Spatial Planning Coordination Body. This meeting recommended corridor as part of the implementation National Strategic Area for HoB in West Kalimantan. At provincial level, WWF also provided spatial data to be considered as conservation concept to support the development of 20 Years Spatial Planning of West Kalimantan Province 2011-2031. WWF provide biodiversity data for Province. Socialization of HoB National Strategies Area for BKPRD member and also gave input for implementation process.

WWF involved actively in civil society coalition on spatial planning advocacy work at provincial level, we organized 3 series of meeting to provide the draft of input from the coalition to enrich the perspective of provincial spatial planning document. The coalition have discussed with parliament body and spatial planning coordinating body to share the concern of coalition regarding sustainable development, land tenure issue, sustainable land use, how to keep the remaining forest as well water catchment area, and customary land right. We also criticized the spatial planning version from the provincial government does not facilitate the investment that has consider social and environmental aspects in such of sectors (oil palm plantations, forestry and mining industries), and not considered the importance of development for smallholders. To support the effort of coalition, WWF jointly with Independence Journalist Alliance (AJI) have provided four articles that highlighted the major issues of spatial planning process at provincial level in local newspaper Pontianak Post by April 2012.

In the presidential regulation No. 3/2012 about Kalimantan spatial plan mention HoB biodiversity corridors as a national strategic areas, then proceed back to the regulation of the KSN HoB, spatial plan coordination body (BKPRD) substantially to accommodate the analysis of data and information that has been given, the current process BKPRD encourage HoB in the national strategic areas in spatial plan. WWF has provided technical assistance on GIS and remote sensing to three HoB districts (Kapuas Hulu, Sintang, and Melawi) to 8 government staffs as required by Geospatial Information Body (Badan Informasi Geospatial) to have "one map, one reference" principle on overall spatial data and information. Challenges and constraints: 1. 2.

HoB as a Strategic National Area has not been approved by the president, but in Kalimantan spatial planning has been approved and HoB as a part of island spatial planning. Political interest in province and district versus central government related to economic and environmental

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Panda CLICK! Four Villages in Bunut Hilir Sub District, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Syahirsyah@wwf.or.id, fivejim@yahoo.com West Kalimantan Communication Coordinator WWF-Germany July 2011 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; June 2013

Project Description Panda CLICK! (Communication Learning towards Innovative Change and Knowledge) is a form of visual communication using non-traditional approaches to change the perspective and knowledge in the community through photography. Panda CLICK! combine photography with grassroots social action. The photographers are local community! - all are in Kapuas Hulu district, West Kalimantan. Panda CLICK! focuses on peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perception of nature especially with regard to Orang-Utans.

Why we chose those area? First, we empowering local people trough photography. Secondly, it is in line with West Kalimantan's Orangutan public awareness campaign. Last but not least, those areas are potential ecotourism destination with Orangutan as its main unique value.

Panda CLICK! is a one year project starting. We decided to do it in one year because we want to capture each areas' values in one year calender time.

Started in 2010 WWF-Indonesia has intiated Panda CLICK! Program. This program has been run twice in 2 periods of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Involved 10 villages in the corridor area of BKNP and DSNP with total of 55 participants. Activities implemented by providing training to community to documented the important things in their daily life. Panda CLICK! is a voluntary activity. It means that the local photographer take photos on spare time among their daily routine. We want them to enjoy taking pictures while capturing the great views around. Hence, they produces great shots that help them to show us their rich culture and conservation values. 8

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Panda CLICK! helps bridging communication between government and local community. Therefore, it supports development/ improvement proposal from local community to District Government (for example: school and electricity refinement) and conservation of endangered species, specifically Orangutan. As a result, Panda CLICK! helps to strengthen and protect local culture and habitat. Success stories 

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The number of images collected by the participants for Panda CLICK! Program in First Period is 58,181 photos and 171,000 photos in Second Period. This images collection become major sources for WWF-Indonesia and HoB publication . Published photographic book entitled Crystal eye as study materials for the younger generation on indigenous culture of Kapuas Hulu.

Crystal Eye publication integrate community perspectives with government, scientists, cultural experts and other on the importance HoB area as the lungs of the world and the high potential biodiversity in the region that need to be preserved.

Challenges and constraints  

Panda CLICK! promotes transparency in development; therefore this activity is often thought to criticize the development efforts made by the government.

The success of this program is not only determined by the strength of the team and high spirits of the people, but also how all the data and information generated from this activity could be actionable by all parties. The duration of the project for one year were deemed too short to coordinate all the result of this activity with the related Government agencies and other community organizations.

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Reforestation in corridor for orangutan Labian and Leboyan Corridor area WWF-Indonesia Hermayani Putera, hputera@wwf.or.id West Kalimantan Program Manager Albertus albertus@wwf.or.id Project Leader Kapuas Hulu WWF-Sweden July 2012 – June 2014

Project Description Conservation corridors potentially can connect those remnant forest patches and will become increasingly more important as tools for conservation, particularly for large landscape-wide conservation efforts such as the Heart of Borneo Initiative. The Labian-Leboyan Corridor (LLC) is the first of its kind in this endeavour which is intended to become the largest network of rainforest protected areas in Asia. Labian-Leboyan Corridor is an essential component of two higher level initiatives: the Conservation District Declaration of Kapuas Hulu on district level and the Heart of Borneo Initiative on international level. At the core of both initiatives is development that takes into account the local ecological frame conditions. Activities of the project area:

1. Public Consultation on Detail Spatial Plan of Labian-Leboyan Corridor (district, provincial, national) 2. Training on Restoration Skills for the member of Labian-Leboyan Community Forum 3. Forest Restoration Program in 40 ha…. Success stories 1. 2.

The initiatives of Labian-Leboyan corridor development for environmental conservation accepted by the Government of Kapuas Hulu. Local government through the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) pointed WWF-Indonesia as a partner to prepare a corridor management plan document with a total area of 112.975 ha.

Labian-Leboyan Watershed Forum has socialized about restoration activities to the comunity of 8 villages along the Labian-Leboyan Watershed. The restoration initiative was well received by the community, especially in the villages of the upper and middle parts of the corridor, which is Labian Iraang Village, Labian Village, and Sungai Ajung Village. Those three villages also involved in the restoration project. The amount of degraded or open areas in those three villages covering an area of 4,000 ha. For the period of 2010-2014, the project has been cultivating the area of 687.185 ha.

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Local people in 3 sub villages along Labian-Leboyan Watershed are willing to participate in the restoration program. The community recognized that orangutans are endangered species that should be protected and preserved, one of them by improving migration route through the fruit trees planting for orangutan in fragmented areas between BKNP-DSNP.

Challenges and constraints 1. 2. 3. 4.

Convincing SKPD (District Working Unit) and DPRD (legislative) of Kapuas Hulu to approve and implement the corridor management plan through each SKPD.

Encourage the Ranperda (District Regulation Plan) of corridor to be accepted and approved by the Head of District. This effort aim to get legalilty and binding commitment by District Government in its implementation. The organizer of Labian-Leboyan Waterhed Forum live spread in 8 villages along Labian-Leboyan Watershed, it need specific management strategies to assure the forum run smoothly.

High variability of issues that arise along the corridor require extra effort and understanding that all issues can be addressed and solved to accommodate the interests of all communities along the corridor. Not all people have enough area to get involved in the restoration program, thereby closing their desire to get involved in this activity. This condition can turn into a potential social conflict because not all citizens can get involved in the restoration program.

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Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale

PROJECT INFORMATION

Orangutan Work In Kalimantan Betung Kerihun National Park and Danau Sentarum National Park WWF-Indonesia Albertus albertus@wwf.or.id Project Leader Kapuas Hulu WWF-US/Arcus Foundation July 2011 – June 2012

Project Description The goal of the project is to protect the Western Bornean orangutan by securing its habitat in and between Betung Kerihun National Park and Danau Sentarum National Park. The objectives of the project are: 1. Decreasing illegal killing of Western Bornean orangutans by improving local capacities to enforce zerohunting policies within and between BKNP and DSNP. 2. Expanding Western Bornean orangutan habitat by improving links between the two parks. 3. Increasing support for conservation by educating public and private land stewards on the benefits of protecting forest resources and wildlife. Success stories 

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In April 2013, SPORC and POLDA KALBAR successfull confiscated a single baron perpetrators of protected plants and wildlife. Parts of Pangolin scales, hornbill beaks, and sunbear nails. Exhibit as 229 beaks (Buceros vigil), 27,3 kg pangolin (Manis javanica) scales, and 44 sunbear (Herlactos malayanus), also a single canine (Herlactos malayanus). Case tracking in level police and attorney.

Arranged speakers for Live Talkshow local tv station (Khatulistiwa TV/KTV Pontianak) in “I Love Pontianak” program, using internal resources (staff) who’s working on specific program discussed on several issues related to environment and conservation, such as Heart of Borneo (HoB), Muller Schwaner project in Sintang, turtle conservation in Paloh, ecotourism in Kapuas Hulu, orangutan conservation in Kapuas Hulu, and Panda CLICK! HoB School Trip to Danau Sentarum National Park, Kapuas Hulu, by September – October 2012. Experiencing the wild and interact with local community, to value habitat and species conservation efforts, ecotourism attraction as well as local culture.

Involved in Festival Danau Sentarum – Betung Kerihun 2012 in Lanjak, for photo exhibition and promoting orangutan conservation program. Challenges and constraints 1. 2. 3.

Wildlife trade crime has not been a priority of law enforcement. Not all cases of field findings were followed up with the decision. Fragmented area is quite large (4,000 ha) require a long time to be restored, while the average number of population distribution in Kapuas Hulu only 7 individual per km2. Restoration strategy must consider community activities in one year calendar, in order to get enough labour support. Land tenure issue has become one of the serious challenge in restoration program, especially the classic tenurial conflict between Iban and Tamambaloh ethnic group. 12

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Conservation of Bornean Orangutan Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Hermayani Putera, hputera@wwf.or.id West Kalimantan Program Manager Albertus albertus@wwf.or.id Project Leader Kapuas Hulu WWF-Poland July 2012 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; June 2013

Project Description Since 2004, WWF Indonesia has been implementing conservation projects, specifically targeted at P. p. pygmaeus in the upriver district of Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan. Population estimates are now available for the most accessible areas in and around Betung Kerihun and Danau Sentarum National Parks. It turned out that significant numbers of orangutans dwell outside of protected areas, which makes involvement of local human populations in the conservation of the species an absolute necessity.

Objective of the project are: 1. Forest restoration program in 11 ha. 2. Fighting illegal trade or poaching (capacity building for local authorities and local community, including tracking of orang-utan crime). 3. Promoting at least 3 main alternative sources of income for local community (rubber production, handicrafts that integrated with women empowerment program, wild honey bee) Success stories: 1. 2.

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3. 4. 5.

Groups of people produced and selling rubber seedlings from their nursery to the restoration projects. Their production refer to the national standard of quality product which impact significantly to their product price. Women Groups of the artisan in Ukit-Ukit Sub Village of Labian Village began to preserve various species of plants producing fruits and seeds as their raw material to make crafts. The groups decided to start planting various plants as their raw material source in their garden to get closer sources. Managerial aspects of APDS (Danau Sentarum Periau Association) increased after the training exercise on manangement and organization. Cash payment system implemented by APDS significantly improve farmer trust to the association which shown by the increase amount of honey bee production sold to the association.

Challenges and constraints 1. 2. 3.

Convincing the community that orangutan conservation will evantually bring prosperity to them, not in another way around that orangutan considered as pests for their farming. The restoration scheme of 40:30:30 seedlings planting sometimes still being debated, because mostly local people prefer domestication fruit trees rather than wild fruit trees. The price of handycraft still relatively high due to the scarcity of craft raw materials, where domination of craft materials still came from factory (plastic beads), the lack of knowledge on buyers demand bring the product design does not meet market taste, in addition for this, promotional opportunities still limited. Refreshment in APDS management is needed. So far this association run by members that the capacity emphasis on the technical capabilities of harvest handling and production of honey bees. In the future, the capability or capacity in terms of marketing and financial management are required.

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Project Description

Since 2004, WWF Indonesia has been implementing conservation projects, specifically targeted at P. p. pygmaeus in the upriver district of Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan. Population estimates are now available for the most accessible areas in and around Betung Kerihun and Danau Sentarum National Parks. It turned out that significant numbers of orangutans dwell outside of protected areas, which makes involvement of local human populations in the conservation of the species an absolute necessity.

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Success stories:

Project managed to embrace people in 3 sub villages to participate in a specific planting scheme, where 40% of the crop is rubber to support the welfare of the community, 30% of fruit crops for the benefit of orangutan as food trees, and 30% perennials that can be part of orangutan habitat improvement, and can also be utilized by the local community. 7. Zero report on poaching of orangutan at the project site during the project implementation, because this project is also supported by the intensive orangutan campaign activities. This effort supported by the traditional leaders and custom leader (Tumenggung). 8. Groups of people produced and selling rubber seedlings from their nursery to the restoration projects. Their production refer to the national standard of quality product which impact significantly to their product price. 9. Women Groups of the artisan in Ukit-Ukit Sub Village of Labian Village began to preserve various species of plants producing fruits and seeds as their raw material to make crafts. The groups decided to start planting various plants as their raw material source in their garden to get closer sources. 10. Managerial aspects of APDS (Danau Sentarum Periau Association) increased after the training exercise on manangement and organization. Cash payment system implemented by APDS significantly improve farmer trust to the association which shown by the increase amount of honey bee production sold to the association. 6.

Challenges and constraints

Convincing the community that orangutan conservation will evantually bring prosperity to them, not in another way around that orangutan considered as pests for their farming. The restoration scheme of 40:30:30 seedlings planting sometimes still being debated, because mostly local people prefer domestication fruit trees rather than wild fruit trees. 5. The price of handycraft still relatively high due to the scarcity of craft raw materials, where domination of craft materials still came from factory (plastic beads), the lack of knowledge on buyers demand bring the product design does not meet market taste, in addition for this, promotional opportunities still limited. 6. Refreshment in APDS management is needed. So far this association run by members that the capacity emphasis on the technical capabilities of harvest handling and production of honey bees. In the future, the capability or capacity in terms of marketing and financial management are required. 4.

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Sungai Bulan Restoration Project Sebangau National Park WWF Indonesia Rosenda Ch. Kasih (rkasih@wwf.or.id) Okta Simon (osimon@wwf.or.id) Krombacher, through WWF Germany 2012 – 2014

Peat Depth Measurement

Dam contruction

Groundwater monitoring

Project Description: The Sebangau National Park has been seriously affected by illegal logging, which resulted in a loss of biomass and carbon storage. The goal of this project is to stop peat drainage and raise the groundwater levelin of the Sebangau National Park covering an area of 150.000 ha of peatland. This will be accomplished through the construction of dams based on a thorough hydrological analysis of the area and accompanied by ongoing measurements of hydrological parameters in the watersheds. A total of 633 dams will be built within the entire project area initially.

The objective of the project intervention is to restore the hydrological and ecological functions of the peat swamp forests. As a result of hydrological restoration, significant emissions of CO2 from peatlands in the project area will be prevented. Additional reforestation measures will accelerate carbon storage in the peatlands. As well, the raising of the groundwater level will increase the natural buffering capacity of peat forests minimizing the risk of both forest fires and floods. The conservation of the peat swamp forest will also help to reduce poverty of several thousand families which depend directly and indirectly on the sustainable use of peatland resources in the project area. Additional activities implemented by WWF will further enhance livelihoods with income generating measures such as fish farming in the reservoir areas created by dams and afforestation with of indigenous tropical timber species of commercial value. The Sungai Bulan Restoration Project aims:

• Repair damage to approximately 150,000 hectares of peat swamp forest (25% of Sebangau National Park’s total area) through restoration of peat hydrology, working with local communities to plan and build morethan 600 “restoration dams” • Reforest 200 hectares of ex-burnt areas along with enrichment planting and agroforestry schemes. • Sustaining Livelihoods for local communities • Forest fire prevention • Detail the status, distribution and behavior of orangutan populations at selected sites within Sebangau National Park

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Success stories: Assessment of the current carbon stock in the project area by forest inventory to measure aboveground massa, land cover classification survey (LCC), LiDAR and peat inventory has been surveyed by Tanjungpura University of Pontianak and RSS Gmbh. Until February 2014, 550 dams were contructed in morethan 100 canals in Sungai Bulan area involved community surrounding. In addition, ground water levels are monitored to evaluate the effect of canal blocking on ground water levels in the peatlands.

Community group for nursery (44 people) was established in Tumbang Bulan Village with 44.000 of seed (Shorea belangeran, Alstonia sp and Dyera lowii). 83 ha of 100 ha are planted with 75 % of survival rate. Community group for agroforestry (rubber) was established in 2 villages (33 people for Tampelas village and 70 People for Galinggang village) for nursery and planting activity. Trainning for the community group at Tampelas and Galinggang village (Maintance of seedling, okulation process for high quality seed). 95 ha are planted in this 2 village with 82 % of survival rate.

Facilated village regulation for sustainable natural resource use by commmunity and forest fire prevention in Tumbang Bulan village, with Sebangau National Park Authority and Katingan district.

7 of 14 locus already surveyed and recorded about 600 nest of OU inside Sebangau National Park (WWFID, Sebangau NP Staf, volunteer, student from UNPAR, community surrounding)

15 working groups to develop sustainable livelihoods established simultaneously in the planning sessions in six villages araound SNP (7 group of fishery, 6 group of raising chickens and 2 group of raising cattle)

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

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The Study of Orangutan Behaviour to support Community-based Ecotourism Punggualas, Sebangau National Park WWF-Indonesia Adventus PANDA (Apanda@wwf.or.id) Conservation Biologist WWF-Indonesia Central Kalimantan WWF-Sweden Phase 1 (2010 – 2011) Phase 2 (2011 – 2012) Phase 3 (2012 – 2014)

Project Description: Orangutan is the only great apes in Asia and in fact only resides on the island of Borneo and Sumatra while the other Great Apes, the Gorilla, the Chimpanzee and the Bonobo inhabit in Africa. There are two species of orangutan: Sumatran orangutan Pongo abelii and the Bornean orangutan Pongo pygmaeus. The current population’s estimation of Sumatran orangutans of around 6.667 and of Bornean orangutans of around 57.700 are still remaining in the wild.

Orangutan are threatened with extinction, but precise information about the distribution and size of most populations is currently lacking. A prerequisite for conserving great apes in their natural habitat is good knowledge of population distribution, density, and size. However, precise information is still lacking for many orangutan populations living in Borneo, hindering the design of wise strategies for their longterm conservation. Population of wild orangutan has decreased continuously in the last decades due to lost of their habitats and poaching. The natural forest conversion into forestry industrial such as logging concession, plantation and oil palm plantation contributes to it and has resulting the conflict between human and orangutan. Habitat loss and poaching are the remaining threats for long-term orangutan survival in Indonesia.

In WWF Indonesia Orangutan SAP (Species Action Plan) one out of three priority landscapes in Indonesia to support orangutan population is Sebangau National Park (Central Kalimantan). WWF Indonesia have developed orangutan conservation program in Sebangau National Park for years since 2001 to protect 19

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the orangutan population in the parks. Sebangau National park gazetted in October 2004 with total area of 568,700 hectares.

The Sebangau National Park is an extensive area of tropical peat-swamp forest and marshland in southern Indonesian Borneo, rich in biodiversity and especially noted for supporting the largest world population of the endangered and charismatic orangutan. Besides this, the Sebangau is of high conservation importance as a major global store of carbon and provides many natural resource functions for the surrounding human communities. Illegal logging and encroachment remain problems and the roots of these are invariably economic.. One such mechanism, regularly promoted in conservation efforts throughout the world, is ecotourism.

In one side, Orangutan conservation in Indonesia need an integrated approaches to protect remain orangutan population in Kalimantan as well as addressing their threats through significant activities from field, national and international level. One of the mechanism to support their long term survival, e, g. by having a good database, status of orangutan and through developing orangutan-based natural tourism. There are a great potential out of their habitats for raising money where many people around the world are interested to see their ‘closest relatives’ in their natural habitats while leisure and they are willing to pay to have this exiting experiences. This is also a good opportunity to raise money for supporting orangutan conservation. In other side, mechanisms that provide income to the local communities of the Sebangau NP, linked to protection of the natural resource, are urgently required. Orangutan-based natural tourism need to develop carefully and should be based on intensive study to prevent the disturbance the natural tourism activities to their population. Study of priority side as well as the carrying capacity of some orangutan habitats need to be done before orangutan-based natural tourism being developed. Success stories: The operational Orangutan station within the Park, with four (4) main transects for phonological studies, 40 sub-transects for Orangutan behavior study. We also combined with camera trapping methods, whereas we have found significance evidence that there is shifting behavior of Orangutan, so-called “from arboreal to the ground”. We also developed the SOP for Orangutan observations for visitor and visual guidebook to the Punggualas trees.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

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Pictures

Sebangau Bio-Carbon Bakung, Rasau and Bangah Sub-cacthments, Sebangau National Park, Central Kalimantan Indonesia WWF-Indonesia Rosenda Chandra Kasih (rkasih@wwf.or.id) Program Manager WWF-Indonesia Central Kalimantan WWF-Germany Phase 1 (2008 – 2010) Phase 2 (2009 – 2012) Phase 3 (2013 – 2033)

Photo Credit: WWF ID/Tira Maya Maisesa

Project Description:

The project area is located in Sebangau National Park in Central Kalimantan on the western border of what is today called the Ex-Mega-Rice project area – a vast peatland area of 1 million hectares that was deforested and drained during the 1990s in an effort to convert the sparsely populated area to rice paddies. The Ex-Mega-Rice project was unsuccessful and was eventually abandoned. However, drainage of tropical peatland areas in Indonesia for logging purposes or for conversion into rice and palm oil plantations continues to be a key source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the country. The drained peat forests of Central Kalimantan are considered a major risk for GHG emissions because of their tremendous carbon stores. With carbon stocks between 3,000 and 6,000 tons per hectare, primarily stored as soil carbon, peat forests store fifteen to fifty times as much carbon as an equal area of tropical rain forest (120 to 400 tons of carbon per ha)1.

As soon as oxygen penetrates the drained peat corpus, micro-organisms begin to reduce/decompose the peat and to release considerable quantities of the GHG carbon dioxide (CO2). Reoccurring fires in drained peatlands accelerate this process. Emissions from degraded peat forests therefore are a significant factor contributing to Indonesia’s status as one of the leading CO2 emitting countries in the world. In addition, the degradation of peat swamps in Central Kalimantan also affects the socio-economic wellbeing of local populations that depend on the peatland resources for their livelihoods. The overall poverty rate in Central Kalimantan is 45%, while the poverty rate outside the peat swamp areas is 34%, indicating that the rate of poverty is higher in peat swamp dependent populations and thus they are more vulnerable compared to the overall population. The peat swamps of Central Kalimantan are also an important habitat for Orangutan and home to a population of 13,000 Borneo Orangutans, that is, a quarter of the world’s Borneo Orangutans.

The Sebangau National Park area was designated by Ministry of Forestry decree number 423/MenhutII/20042 on October 19, 2004 with an area of 568,700 ha of mostly peat swamp forest. It extends over three districts: Katingan District, Pulang Pisau District and the Municipality of Palangka Raya. WWF 1 IPCC. 2003. Good Practice Guidance for Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry. http://www.ipccnggip.iges.or.jp/public/gpglulucf/gpglulucf.html 2 VCS PD Annex 6 Legislation referenced: Ministry of Forestry Decree No. 423 Menhut-II/2004

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

facilitated the process of obtaining National Park status through a bottom up and participative involvement of the local communities and the local government. Sebangau National Park is governed by the National Park authorities of the Ministry of Forestry in Indonesia.

Geographically, Sebangau National Park is a large peat dome that rises between two rivers and is about 70 km wide. Historically the peat dome was covered by dense lowland rainforest. Before the Sebangau forest became a National Park, it was production forest managed under 13 logging concession for 25 years (1970-1995). Logging companies gained access to the forest through the construction of railways, the remains of which are also still visible in the forest and even on satellite images. After the logging concession had run out, an era of rampant and uncontrolled illegal logging activities followed between 1995 and 2004. Illegal loggers created a network of canals dug into the peat surface that were used for floating the logs out of the peatland area into the two large rivers that frame the forest â&#x20AC;&#x201C; and from there south to the sea.

After the designation of the already highly degraded forest within the project boundary as a National Park in 2004, it took another two years to completely eliminate illegal logging activities in the Park. In close cooperation between the national park authorities and the WWF Indonesia office in Palangka Raya, a management plan for the National Park was developed. A system of field stations and park ranger patrols was slowly established, as well as programs with the local communities in order to gradually shift their major source of income away from logging activities to sustainable livelihoods. Although these activities were successful in stopping illegal logging in the National Park area, the canals left behind by the illegal logging era are still a major problem. The network of transportation canals accelerates water flow from the peat dome leading to peatland drainage. The drainage of the peat dome through these canals contributes to the lowering of the groundwater level, degradation and decomposition of the peat and ultimately the destruction of the entire ecosystem. Therefore apart from stopping the illegal logging activities, the rewetting of the peatland was defined as a top priority in the Sebangau National Park management plan. However, it soon became clear that the National Park budget allocated to the National Park by the Ministry of Forestry would be by far insufficient to implement all the activities necessary for rewetting and thus safeguarding the peatland ecosystem.

The goal of this project is to stop peat drainage and raise the groundwater level in three watersheds of the Sebangau National Park covering an area of 90,882 ha of peatland. This will be accomplished through the construction of dams based on a thorough hydrological analysis of the area and accompanied by ongoing measurements of hydrological parameters in the watersheds. Measurements will be evaluated and analyzed to select dam locations and a specifically designed software called SIMGRO will be used to estimate water levels in the project area before and after the project intervention. A total of 434 dams will be built within the entire project area initially.

The ultimate objective of the project intervention is to restore the hydrological and ecological functions of the peat swamp forests. As a result of hydrological restoration, significant emissions of CO2 from peatlands in the project area will be prevented. Additional reforestation measures will accelerate carbon storage in the peatlands, though the project does not claim any GHG removals for reforestation activities. As well, the raising of the groundwater level will increase the natural buffering capacity of peat forests minimizing the risk of both forest fires and floods. The conservation of the peat swamp forest will also help to reduce poverty of several thousand families, which depend directly, and indirectly on the sustainable use of peatland resources in the project area. Additional activities implemented by WWF will further enhance livelihoods with income generating measures such as fish farming in the reservoir areas created by dams and reforestation with indigenous tropical timber species of commercial value.

Success stories: The project has success to develop the methodology for carbon measurement in the peatlands areas, as well as developed the DA-REDD+ in Sebangau National Park. The projects are using two international standards, which are Verified Carbon Standards (VCS) and Community Climate and Biodiversity Standard (CCBS).

Within National level, along with Berbak National Park, the project was appointed by Presidential Decree related to National Action Plan to mitigating the Greenhouse gases emission in Indonesia. Sources: Verified Carbon Standard-PD document. 27 September 2013.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Pictures

Socialization of Gunung Lumut as national Park

Promoting Gunung Lumut as a Conservation Management Unit (National Park) District of Barito Utara (Central Kalimantan) WWF Indonesia Ambang Wijaya, Program Coordinator ambangw@wwf.or.id WWF Sweden Phase 1 : 2008-2010 Phase 2 : 2011 Phase 3 : 2012 Phase 4 : 2013

Discussion with key person in Government

Project Description: Gunung Lumut project was initiated by WWF’s Heart of Borneo (HOB) Program. It aims to deliver on site conservation, with special emphasis to facilitate Barito Utara District Government to nominate Gunung Lumut as a national park. Gunung Lumut is a Kaharingan’s sacred forest3, lies as pristine tropical forest landscape in the southernmost reaches of Indonesian HOB boundary. Spreading over + 28,548 ha, located in the district of Barito Utara, Central Kalimantan. Gunung Lumut is now remain threatened by extractive industries such as minning, therefore it stimulated idea to propose the area as a new national park. This idea and aspiration came from the community, especially Kaharingan-Hindu Dayak peoples inhabiting Gunung Purei and East Teweh sub-Districts who have religious relationship with the area.

This project is now stepping to the phase 5, with main focus on how Central Government (Ministry of Forestry, MoF) can respond positively to Barito Utara District Government proposal of Gunung Lumut. The latest progress from project facilitation was WWF has successful to advocated Gunung Lumut to become agenda, not only Barito Utara District Government, but also Central kalimantan Provincial Government, and WWF is also expecting that MoF will also take this as their agenda. Success stories:

A good progress has been achieved by the project in the end of 2013, where the submission of Gunung Lumut Proposal to the Minister of Forestry (MoF) in Jakarta was completely done. The MoF has received the proposal and committed to proceed and to supervise further steps such as verification, technical consideration as well arrange required meetings within numerous directorates within MoF. Before Kaharingan is a local religion from some of Dayak’s tribe whose believing that Gunung Lumut is their heaven. The Government of Indonesia has recognised this religion as part of Hindu.

Cultural performance from Kaharingan

Title/Project Name

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

submitting the proposal, the Project had been involved, to advocate district and provincial government, in order to obtain political support from the Regent and Governor. WWF works in village, district and provincial level have spent more than 4 years, and it finally paid off by supports from parties, especialy with issuance of Governorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s recomendation from Central Kalimantan Government.

The other progress that can be considered as a success story was about obtained a political endorsement from Dayakâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Customary Council (DAD), represented by the Chairman, Mr. Sabran Achmad on Gunung Lumut Nomination as a national park by November 2013. DAD is play important roles as advisory body for the Governor or the Regent in whole Central Kalimantan areas. Therefore, support from DAD Chairman is also important to strengthen the initiatives.

In order to campaign Gunung Lumut to broader public, the Project has successfully facilitated and supported media journalist trip to Gunung Lumut area, Barito Utara. The journalist were associated with 6 (six) local and national media, such as Gatra Magazine, Kompas newspaper, Mongabay, Kalteng Pos, Tabengan, etc. The media trip was aimed to promote and campaign Gunung Lumut area as a national park, particulary to show the journalist whats are the peculiarity of Gunung Lumut as a sacred forest for Central kalimantan peoples. Several news has been loaded in national and local media, bringing new issue for public, a Gunung Lumut sacred forest. Challenges and constraints: Just the same money with Muller-Schwaner project, WWF works in Gunung Lumut is also getting into foremost important step, where we have to safeguard the process of lobby and engagement in central government (MoF), without forgetting our supports to district government. The challenges are now how to make sure MoF that the proposed Gunung Lumut as a national park is feasible and trully supported by stakeholders in Barito Utara. In the same time, the project has to ensure that Districtâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s comitment is balanced with enough funding from their own budget.

The other challenge is coming from most-adversely impacted threats, minning industries which operated in the nearby of proposed NP area. Gunung Lumut is surrounded by timber and minning companies. A timber consessions has been FSC certified, PT. Indexim. However, minning companies are still practising conventional works. The problem is Barito Utara District Government does not has proper baseline of minning deposit areas, they teherfore only asked potential investor to survey by therselves. This will harm and impend Gunung Lumut as the investor could encroach the forest area. The project, however is now faced with crucial constraint, financial supports. From the beginning of project, only one donor who supporting the implementation, WWF Sweden. However, considering the future works that may will be more complex, a long term funding certainty is required. The future fund will be shaed with govenment budgets, either from local or central government.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name

Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Pictures

Assisting community on rubber seedlings

Protection of Biodiversity, Livelihood and Ecological Functions Through Integrated Forest Conservation and Sustainable Land Use Management in the Heart of Borneo District of Murung Raya, Katingan and Gunung Mas (Central Kalimantan) and District of Kapuas Hulu, Sintang and Melawi (West Kalimantan) WWF Indonesia Ambang Wijaya, Program Coordinator ambangw@wwf.or.id Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Finland, through WWF Finland Phase 1 : 2008-2010 Phase 2 : 2011-2013 Phase 3 : 2014-2016

Facilitating Government on NRM policies

Developing alternative energy for people living in border of forest

Project Description: The Muller-Schwaner project was initiated by WWFâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Heart of Borneo (HOB) Program in Indonesia. It aims to deliver on site conservation and sustainable development in a huge, pristine tropical forest landscape in the middle and surrounding of HOB boundary. With a total area 1.5 million hectares, this project is an ambitious plan by WWF Indonesia to improve land management at the landscape scale in 7 (seven) administrative districts within HOB. The area of the Muller-Schwaner starts in the districts of Kapuas Hulu, Sintang and Melawi in West Kalimantan, passes through the districts of Gunung Mas, Katingan, and Murung Raya in Central Kalimantan, and ends in the district of Kutai Barat in East Kalimantan. To date, the Poject has been implemented for almost 6 years (Maret 2014), focusing to develop alternative income for community living adjacent the landscape areas, through sustainable livelihood development as well as facilitating community to obtain legal status on communiy based forest management (village forest). In the same time, working with government in local and central level, have been addressed to support them on natural resource management, particulary establishing an efective forest management within the landscape. Both of facilitation works in community and government level, shall also balanced with engagement to private sectors, mainly for timber and palm oil company. WWF Indonesia, therefore include this two comodities as targets from the project by advocating better management practices, i.e. sustainable forest management and sustainable palm oil. Success stories:

In general, most of district governments have been active to response project facilitation. At present, the governments has agreed on MEA Management Plan (MP) and committed to incorporate the document on their district development (district forestry agency). In Gunung Mas, Central Kalimantan, MEA-MP has 25

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

been incorporated to the management strategy of KPH4 model XVI (294,000 ha). In addition, a microhydro power (MHP, 15 killowatt) was established in Harowu village, providing strong incentive for forested catchment area/Batu Karung Protection Forest (3,000 ha). In Murung Raya district, the government has agreed on MEA MP and committed to incorporate the document on the Five-Years District Development Plan (2014-2019).

In West Kalimantan, Kapuas Hulu District, the success stories was about rubber seedlings trainings and development of Better Management Practices (BMP) at Tanjung Village, Mentebah Sub-district through establishment if Internal Control System (ICS) to assure the quality of rubber-raw materials to the potential buyers. Most of farmers in Tanjung, are now able to produce the rubber seeds independently, able to increase the quality of latexs through ICS and right now has hold commitment from one buyer (PT. Kirana). Considering the need to replicate those success stories for other villages, WWF and District Government, therefore inagurated Tanjung as Community Learning Center (CLC), aimed as field school for other farmer who want to learn from this village. The other success was the achievement of project on Village forest facilitation, when MoF finally issued a decree of Village Forest for Tanjung village.

Furthermore, WWF has strengthened the role of District Facilitator of Agriculture Development (Fasda), in Sintang District, West Kalimantan. Fasda has been registered as a legal entity foundation named ‘Fasda Sawit Lestari’ (FSL). The objective of the foundation is to increase smallholders’ income and improve their livelihoods by increasing productivity and quality of palm oil yields. FSL members are composed of suppliers and buyers (businessmen) representatives plus NGOs and agriculture extension workers. So far, Fasda has delivered intensive training and technical assistances on good agricultural practices, provision of good planting materials and connecting the harvested FFB to FSL’s oil-palm mills network. While in Schwaner area, particulary in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya NP, a success story that can be showed off was WWF facilitation on the formulation of NP’s 20 years development plan, Park zonation, patrol and surveillance etc. The Project has provided enabling condition for better working relationship between NP with Sintang and Melawi Districts government, MoU on conservation measures, including the development on community based ecotourism development has been established. The facilitation of collaborative work between NP and district government have improved communication and reduced potential conflicts. Efforts have been made to facilitate village forests at Rasau-Jasa Village5, the proposed area has been approved and obtain decrees from MoF. Challenges and constraints:

WWF battle in Muller-Schwaner is getting into foremost important step, where we have to safeguard the process of lobby and engagement in district, provincial and central government. The challenges are now how to facilitate local (The Regents) and central authorities (read: decision maker in Central Government, MoF) to supports WWF initiatives/proposals.

The other challanges are difficulties to match project schedule with the key government activities; this strongly dictated the slow completion of activities. In addition, generally, the poor accessibility of the facilitated villages has made technical facilitation difficult and costly, while the engagement of most villagers on illegal gold mining has hampered the smooth adoption of sustainable livelihoods development offered by the project. Furthermore, incorporate MEA MP on the Presidential regulation on spatial planning of HoB and enhance sustainable livelihood facilitation quality and number of villages are challanges for WWF in the future.

There are challanges also to intensify facilitation and technical assistance at village level. WWF should train and provide intensive technical assistances to selected Key village champions, working together to develop demonstration pilots and then replicated at (inter) village level. All trainings should be followedup with establishment of demonstration pilots, provide performance based small-grant to selected village champions.

Indonesia’s Forest Management Unit (KesatuanPengelolaan Hutan, or KPH) program is an important emerging institution for improving the management of Indonesia’s forests. Ideally, KPHs would be responsible for developing, implementing, and/or overseeing site level forest governance and management; including preparing participatory plans, enforcing forest regulations such as forest fire control and other illegal practices, and negotiating with local communities on issues such as land use rights and forest access.

The village is located beyond M-S landscape 26

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

WWF Sweden â&#x20AC;&#x201C; NEWtrees Borneo Kids Sebangau National Park, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia WWF-Indonesia Rosenda C. Kasih (rkasih@wwf.or.id) WWF-Sweden 01 May 2012 to 30 April 2013 amendment to 30 April 2014

Project Description: WWF-Indonesia concerned to help the government succeed forest rehabilitation programs that contribute to answer the problem of the environment. WWF-Indonesia is also concerned for the target government to rehabilitate the forest as far as possible to provide benefits to the WWF-Indonesia priority conservation area. Through the NEWtrees program, WWF-Indonesia began mobilizing the participation of corporations in forest rehabilitation program. This program seeks to close the weakness of monitoring and maintenance after planting in forest rehabilitation program.

WWF-Indonesia's efforts in strengthening the monitoring and maintenance aspects with the assist of information technology. The monitoring scheme we call NEWtrees scheme, where the planting blocks will be mapped on Google Earth and every tree will have geo-tag (the accurate position of longitude and latitude). Every 6 months our field staff will held be updated photos of the trees randomly which is then uploaded to Google Earth. So the public can monitor the growth of the trees.

In Sebangau National Park recorded 60,000 ha of forest damaged by fires during late year 1997/1998 and early 2000. Based on the field study and the orangutan distribution study, WWF-Indonesia has identified of 25,000 Ha potentially to be rehabilitated (please see the map) and 3,000 ha of which the priority of rehabilitation within the next 5 years.

Project Objective:

This project will assist to rehabilitate of 28 hectares or 11,200 trees of degraded forest in Sebangau National Park in Central Kalimantan within 3,000 hectares of the rehabilitation priority target. In the implementation, this project is expected to be a medium for elementary students to enhance their knowledge in environmental conservation. The students will participate in planting, monitoring, and communicating extensively regarding planting activities. The activities as part of environmental education for elementary school students around the national park.Expected that students can understand of reforestation scheme and monitoring technique of tree growth through geotagging system.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Scope of Work: Generally NEWtrees scheme activities are divided into seeds and land preparation, planting, and monitoring or protection. On every hectare (100m x 100m) 400 native trees are planted 5 meters from each other. The activities will include seedlings, growing the seeds in a nursery, planting, monitoring and maintaining the tree for 5 years and taking geo-tags photos of the trees every six months.

Tree growth monitoring activities carried out by combining conventional activities and use of information technology. Local communities conduct an intensive maintenance for 18 months and followed by activities of area protection for 5 years after planting. Local communities are also trained to use cell phones equipped with cameras and GPS, so that every 6 months they can send the geo-tags photos of conditions and growth of the trees. Through the geo-tags photos the growth of trees is regularly monitored and shared with participants. The field work will be done by local communities who receive a financial compensation for the five year project period. Data will compile in the NEWtrees data center, and can be access through website: www.wwf.or.id/newtrees and http://map.newtrees.org/map/view.

Success stories:

- Growing public awareness about the forest and students in conserving forests. - With NEWtrees geotag scheme tree growth in the first 5 years can be monitored. - The growing community participation for forest restoration. - The development of communication and information exchange among students around Sebangau National Park and students in Sweden regarding reforestation.

Challenges and constraints:

Challenges: Weak of local coordination with forest management unit as  Sebangau National Park management causing delay in planting area plotting and planting schedule.  Planting location difficult to access, therefore contributes to a low frequency of monitoring.  Forest fires still occur, causing damage to trees that have been planted. In this period how many hectares affected by forest fire?  Suddenly moving planting location by Sebangau National Park management caused by the policy of national park management associated with government programs on rehabilitation.

Strengths: Support from local communities and local government. (examples!!  In this period!)  Having a standard scheme for program implementation and monitoring. (can be a weakness as well

Opportunities: Fund raising from public sector (a necessity as no core fund is  provided for NEWtrees)  Marketing the program for monitoring scheme of similar restoration efforts for public sector  Carbon accounting.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name:

Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project Time Pictures

Strengthening the Rattan Market and Industry in District of Katingan, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Katingan District, Central Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Indra Bayu Patimaleh

ibpatimaleh@wwf.or.id

Sustainable Rattan Coordinator WWF-Indonesia Central Kalimantan IKEA-WWF Sweeden 2013 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2015

Project Description: In order to strenghthen the regulation and endorsing strong commitment at government level, Katingan district government actively arrange series of strategic meeting which aim to mainstreaming the design of best regulation in rattan supply chain. The Forum of Rattan established consist of farmers, cooperatives ; Planning development agency;Forestry agency; trade and industry agency; WWF and USAID IFACs project was become part of the focal point. The forum will work on the best practices develop by WWF project to identify what is the root cause at farmers level, cooperatives problems and market. Therefore, WWF will support and work close with other partner to drafting best regulation as a target by the end of project for supply chain at Katingan district. The rattan project also become a good strategy for combatting forest conversion, since some of potential agency which is work through a Forum of Rattan understand and protect the area which identified as a rattan plantation to other purposes such as : mining; smallholder plantation, or settlement. The project also work to streghthen the right of community to continue and extend the rattan plantation as their one source of livelihood. The legal status so far which is facilitated by WWF is through SKTA ( certificate of customary land). The fluctuation of rattan price and the role of middleman become one of the challenge that WWF has to deal with. Through working with cooperatives in Kamipang sub district, Tasik Payawan and Marikit, the project facilitate test trial transaction with the only sub supplier of IKEA located in banjarmasin ( South Barito ). As this is consider as the test, PT Findora, the sub supplier of IKEA acknowledged the quality of rattan is very good and the price is suit with the company. As follow up WWF will work to marketing the rattan based on the order by PT Findora as well as other company to make the activity at farmers and cooperatives level more dynamic. 29

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

The main target in Rattan Katingan activity showed facilitation work refers to the logframe from July to December, 2013, this case illustrates the support of stakeholders and beneficiaries of the market and the strengthening of the rattan industry through participation that they have done. These results certainly have an impact on the ability of the cooperative as a business unit that provide the raw material to supply cane to Findora as rattan supplier to IKEA. Facilitation of meetings between farmers, cooperatives and P2RK ( Rattan farmer association ) with Findora . The sustainable rattan project objectives are:

 Feasibility study on rattan supply chain to analyze the link and opportunity for IKEA and others supplier to have access to rattan sustainable sourcing from Central Kalimantan.  Mapping of high risk areas (illegal logging, harvesting of protected species and protected areas) in Central Kalimantan and value chain analysis presenting risk and opportunities for rattan private sector investment in Central Kalimantan  Establishing basis data to create sustainable rattan production and effective rattan market in Katingan District, improve capacity building of stakeholders on sustainable rattan and supply at least 200 tonnes raw rattan per month (from sustainable sourcing from the 20,000 ha  20,000 ha of community forestry started following on sustainable sourcing rattan as well as legislation using FSC principles that supplying rattan raw material to companies.  To secure 250 ha of sustainable community’s rattan plantation, support rattan industry development and establish impact monitoring system.  National and local policies and legality of the rattan supply chain in Central Kalimatan assessed and opportunities made to advocate and encourage establishment of more effective regulation on rattan harvesting and transporting from central, provincial and district government.

Project achievments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

10. 11. 12.

Legal demands in Indonesia concerning rattan clarified and gaps on rattan supply chains in Central Kalimantan identified Technical preparation of rattan Guidebook designed by KRB-LIPI parties assisted by WWF Central Kalimantan. The existence proof of the legality of the land ownership papers have yet to get a certificate from the National Land Agency (BPN) and certificate of customary land Mapped distribution rattan garden in 12 villages in 3 districts with extensive 14.278 hectares. Building a groundbreaking agreement area as the location of the plots in Karuing and Hiran rattan with an area of 142 hectares Gain knowledge and information processing of quality rattan and prices of raw materials and semi-finished rattan w/s, cooperative delivery of 200 kg of calamus caesius blume (rattan sigi) size 11-14 mm and 160 kg of calamus trachycoleus becc (rattan irit) sizes 2-8 mm for example to PT. Findora as a supplier to IKEA as well as establishing cooperation between cooperatives with Findora Knowledge of the participants about the quality standard processing of Findora, there are opportunities provided to cooperative transactions Get the technical knowledge about the price of the staple production, SOP selection of raw materials, SOP of processing Knowing the magnitude of the average stock of rattan per hectare, production yield magnitude rattan, wicker range appropriate selling price at the farm gate and Risk prediction under several conditions Give the understanding and practice of rattan processing mechanism w/s and semi-finished rattan that meet the quality standards of the market and cultivation technique of rattan The Division of roles for the preparation of indicators and certification scheme options between WWF, GFTN and Sucofindo Technical cooperation for the preparation of guidance documents as early as CoC Standard rattan responsible Legality assessment report on community forestry areas that supply rattan materials in Central Kalimantan and policy gaps analysis of the rattan industry.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Project Information Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Socio Economic Development Project Sebangau National Park WWF Indonesia Didiek Surjanto dsurjanto@wwf.or.id SIDA, Swedia 2012 – 2014

Project Description: Central Kalimantan as one part of Borneo has a high diversity of tropical forests. The existing ecosystems rely on the carefully balanced interaction of human communities, flora and fauna. Maintaining harmony and sustainability are our responsibility for current and future generations. Peat swamp forest in Sebangau has been degraded because of encroachment, forest conversion and illegal logging. Of about 568,700 hectares of remaining good peat forests, 66.000 hectares of forest are on critical condition. Therefore we aimed to protect its function carbon storage for future generations.

Sebangau National Park (568,700 hectares), located between the Sebangau River and Katingan River is part of the Katingan District, Pulang Pisau District, and Palangkaraya Municipality. Sebangau serves as wáter source for 61,684 people living in 46 adjacent villages. The National park is the location of one of the last peat swamp forest in Central Kalimantan after a failed agricultural peatland project betterknown as “Mega Rice Project” in 1995. Sebangau also acts as a provider of clean water for 61.684 people living in 46 surrounding villages Local community has been an integral part to Sebangau National Park conservation efforts. They are involved in conservation activities such as canal blocking, reforestation, fire prevention, and community well being projects such as fisheries in dam locations.

The Muller Mountains, located on the border between the Murung Raya District with the Province of East Kalimantan and West Kalimantan, have been proposed by the Regents of North Barito to become a World Natural Heritage in 2001. As part of a mountain ridge with Schwaner Mountains, the two regions provides water for the island of Borneo: It is the upstream of five major rivers in this region, namely the Barito River, Katingan river, Kahayan river flowing to Central Kalimantan, Kapuas River which flows into West Kalimantan, and the Mahakam River flowing into the East Kalimantan. Succes stories:

WWF - Indonesia's Central Kalimantan Program has worked with 5 CSOs / NGOs and academics in developing Module 1 Planning Sustainable Development in Rural Areas Level (Module for Sustainable Village Development Planning). This module has been trained in 8 districts: 7 districts around TN Sebangau + 1 district around HL Gunung Lumut. The training was attended by 242 people, consisting of sub-district officials, village officials and village members of the public forums, members of the Village Consultative Board and the Village Community Institution (both can be translated into " Village Consultative Body "), and public figures such as Indigenous mantir, and members of the Board Community self reliance. 31

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Development of sustainable livelihoods around Sebangau National and Muller - Schwaner in the form of: (i) aquaculture and post- harvest processing, (ii) and rattan handicraft purun; (iii) ecotourism in Kecamatan Kamipang; (iv) the cultivation of aloe vera; (v) agroforestry in the form of smallholders; (vi) pilot biogas from livestock manure; (vii) encourage the cultivation of crops and the use of firewood fuelefficient stoves; (viii) a cocoa processing machines, processing of rattan raw materials, processing of fish feed, plus cooperation of other parties such as compost processing machine. It has now established a marketing network for aloe vera , dried fish and ecotourism packages. Encourage the protection of important areas in terms of economy and culture such as: (i) Lakes Fishery Conservation Area in Tumbang Ronen; (ii) Lake Bulat as a ecotourism site in Jahanjang; (iii) Tajahan (ICCA) in Handiwung; (iv) community forest in Handiwung; (v) mapping of important places in 3 villages in Gunung Mas and 3 villages in Hulu Katingan.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Conservation of Bornean Pygmy Elephant Nunukan District, East (North) Kalimantan Indonesia Wiwin Effendy; weffendy@wwf.or.id WWF-SE; WWF-US 2008-2012

Project Description: The Bornean Pygmy Elephant is confined to Sabah (Malaysia) and East Kalimantan (Indonesia). The elephant origin is still not clear but based on DNA analysis of Sabahâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Pygmy elephant, the species is found to be significantly different from other Asian elephant populations. It is believed that the Bornean Pygmy Elephant became genetically separated from other Asian elephants some 300,000 years ago. The population of the Bornean Pygmy Elephant in Sabah is around 500-2,000 individuals (Andau and Payne, 1990) and in East Kalimantan is around 20â&#x20AC;&#x201C;80 individuals, depending on the positions of the various elephant groups within their home range (Wulffraat, 2007).

The elephant distribution in East Kalimantan consists of two overall habitat types. The northern habitats that connect to elephant habitats in Sabah are used by all elephants including groups of females with juveniles. The connecting southern habitats are used mainly by solitary male elephants which wander around for some time here before returning to the north. Conversions of forests of these southern habitats have resulted in a strong increase of human-elephant conflicts. By January 2012 all projected elephant surveys in Tulin Onsoy (formerly Sebuku Sub District) were completed, in four upstream locations (Agison, Sibuda, Apan and Tampilon) as well as the southern location (Sekikilan). Surveys were conducted in collaboration with the forest concession holder (HPH) PT. Adimitra Lestari and the local communities, Satgas Gajah Sebuku.

The Results of the surveys and subsequent data analysis include the following: a. All major food plants have been identified; b. The use and locations of salt licks is known, The elephant habitat types were classified, with an assessment of importance to elephants, The overall elephant distribution, routes and movements in both western as well as eastern sections are now well known; e. The corridors from Sabah into Tulin Onsoy and back are identified and evaluated. It is of major importance to realize that only two corridors are used (upper Agison and upper Sibuda) and that the 33

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eastern section has no corridor. This emphasizes the extreme importance of preserving these two corridors; f. Detail mapping of the elephant tracks, including major river crossing points is now possible; g. The number of elephants present in Tulin Onsoy at one time.

The results of the latest investigations were published in Suyitno & Wulffraat, 2012. The distribution of the Bornean Pygmy Elephant in East Kalimantan Province of Indonesia is only in Sebuku and Tulin Onsoy Sub District of Nunukan District. These elephants occupy a wide home range and move back and forth between southern Sabah and northern Kalimantan. Due to its geographical location, the Bornean Pygmy Elephant in Indonesia is known as Kalimantan elephant, indicating the Indonesian part of Borneo Island. The species importance in East Kalimantan and in Indonesia is still less known since the species was only recognized officially by the government in 2007 with publication of Indonesia's Elephant Conservation Action Plan. The conservation of the Bornean Pygmy Elephant was intensified with the development of Kalimantan Elephant Conservation Action Plan in 2008, which was revised in 2011 with inputs from government of East Kalimantan Province and Nunukan District, Ministry of Forestry through BKSDA (Natural Resources Conservation Agency), private sectors, university, NGOs and local community. The action plan is expected to be able to ensure long-term survival of Kalimantan Elephant whose habitat is being converted into oil palm plantation, forest plantation, settlement and potentially mining, through collaborative action in management of conflict and habitat.

The human-elephant conflict in Nunukan began when palm oil company started to open forest for their plantations, which triggered an large increase of solitary male elephant visits since the areas were also used by the elephants as their habitat with 5-7 times a year visit to the area. After the conversion, the elephants still frequently visit the area. Monitoring by WWF-Indonesia shows that in the period of 20072012 there were several solitaire elephants in conflicts. At this time, the alternative habitat for the elephant is forest in the northern part with forest cover is still relatively good. Even though the number of elephant in conflict is relatively small (compared to for instance Sumatra), the HEC Mitigation is difficult since based on WWF-Indonesia study, there are 11 villages susceptible to conflict with 4 villages in frequent conflict. The fact that majority of villagers are farmers make HEC Mitigation should be effective is higher since the elephant were feeding on palm oil, paddy and vegetables, causing the community serious economy impact. Success stories:  WWF Indonesia in collaboration with the East Kalimantan government, Nunukan District government and BKSDA has been formed a task force for human elephant conclict mitigation in the Sub-District level that endorsed through Bupati Decree No. 188.45/795/XI/2012. In line with the Bupati Decree, The Provincial and the District government has allocated a budget to operational fund for the task force in 2012 and 2013.  Some of the activities are written in the document of strategy and action plan for the Kalimantan elephants conservation that have been approved by the East Kalimantan Governor, Bupati of Nunukan and BKSDA has been conducted by NGOs, universities, local and national governments.  In collaboration with PT. Adimitra Lestari (forest concession/HPH) through GFTN program to monitoring of populations and habitat and also develop management plan of Kalimantan elephant conservation in the forest concession. Challenge and constraint:  Policy: Providing space for safeguarding the elephants habitat and not issuing new permits for oil palm and timber plantations in elephant habitat;  Populations and habitats management: Determination of a population with an accurate methodology, the enrichment of natural feed the elephants, the installation of the GPS Collar and trans-boundary species conservation (elephants) management between Indonesia and Malaysia;  Conflict management: Support the operational funds for the task force of elephant conflict and support/involvement from private sector (oil palm and timber plantation) to conduct the human elephant conflict mitigation and implementation of strategy and action plan for the bornean pygmy elephant conservation;  Community awareness: The development of alternative crops for economic improvement of community. 34

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Freshwater Protected Areas for Irrawady Dolphin in the Mahakam River, East Kalimantan Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan Indonesia Wiwin Effendy; weffendy@wwf.or.id WWF-DE 2011

Project Description: On 14/04/2005 a dead Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) was found stranded near Malinau. Measurements were taken and samples obtained for genetic analysis. Based on DNA analysis conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center In La Jolla, California, US, it was found that the haplo-type of this specimen was identical to specimens from the Philippines and Thailand (Robertson 2009) and evolutionary separated from the Mahakam population, for which two unique haplo-types were identified.

The Irrawaddy dolphin is a unique freshwater and coastal dolphin species, which is found in shallow, coastal waters of the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific and in the Mahakam, Ayeyarwady and Mekong Rivers (Stacey & Arnold, 1999). The species is protected in Indonesia and adopted as symbol of East Kalimantan. The status of most coastal Irrawaddy dolphin populations are still data deficient. However, in spite of this extensive water mass only few reports on cetaceans are available. The investigation of the status of cetaceans in the Indonesian archipelago is one of the research projects recommended in the 2002-2010 Action Plan by the IUCN/SSC/Cetacean Specialist Group (Reeves et al., 2003).

Previous studies that were conducted in East Kalimantan Province in 2005, 2007 and 2010 (Kreb et al, 2007; Kreb et al 2010) revealed that the Irrawaddy dolphin groups is found in both the Mahakam as well as the Sesayap river. The estimated population of the Irrawaddy Dolphins in the Mahakam river is about 70 dophins and about 55 dolphins in the Sesayap river. The survey results also indicated the major concentration areas (river sections) of dolphins in both rivers.

In FY11 running project “Increasing the sustainability of freshwater protected areas for the critically endangered Irrawaddy dolphin in the Mahakam River, East Kalimantan, Indonesia”, which is the part of the extensive “Pesut Mahakam Conservation Program”, confirms the importance of the freshwater population of Orcaella brevirostris for the point of the global strategy of freshwater and species programme of WWF. Mahakam River harbours one of three critically endangered river population of 35

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Irrawaddy dolphin. Mahakam population has big potential for the recovering and the successful conservation measures based on the cooperation among WWF-ID which posses good and functioning stakeholders network and RASI (Rare Aquatic Species of Indonesia-a local NGOs) which provides long year biological monitoring and research on this species.

Entanglement in gill nets was found to be a major cause of death of dolphins in the Mahakam river during 1995-2005. Noise pollution, highly disturbing the dolphins, is increasingly becoming an issue with the high number of motorized boats in these rivers nowadays. Irrawaddy Dophins have been fully protected by law in Indonesia since 1990 and were adopted by the East Kalimantan Province as their official symbol. However, the protection of their habitat remains unsatisfied. Success stories: ď ž Muara Pahu Sub-District, Kutai Barat has been designated as a nature conservation area of Mahakam dolphin habitats through Bupati Kutai Barat Decree No. 522.5.51/K.471/2009; ď ž The draft of management plan document for nature conservation area of Mahakam dolphin habitats in Muara Pahu, Kutai Barat has been develop in a participatory manner with the involvement of the local government, police and army department, private sector, NGOs and local community around the dolphin habitats. Challenges and constraints:

Based on informal interviews with local fishermen and residents the reseachers found that the water quality of the Mahakam rivers has changed over time. Sedimentation has increased because of upstream logging, coal mining and oil palm plantation. In the upstream segments of this river coal mining companies and oil palm plantation are operating, but at present no information is available on their wastewater treatments. Deforestation of forests along the rivers is particularly having a strong negative impact on the water quality, as it removes a natural filter and sedimentation retention functions of the riversides. During the surveys it was also observed that fishermen were engaged in electro-fishing. Assuming that this is not a one-time incident, electro-fishing at a large scale may cause a serious threat to the food resources of the dophins as well as local fishing communities, as it locally wipes out most aquatic life. There are no known direct catches of dolphins, and currently the main threat seems to be pollution through chemical pollutants, sedimentation (causing decreasing fish resources) and possibly overfishing.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Oil Palm Smallholders Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan Indonesia Wiwin Effendy; weffendy@wwf.or.id WWF-SE 2012-2013

Project Description: The oil palm plantation size in Indonesia has reached 8,385,394 hectares and its production has reached 21,958,120 tons per year. It has made oil palm as a main commodity within plantation sector in Indonesia (Ministry of Agriculture, 2012). It is where about 46 % of the palm oil size in Indonesia is belonging to the smallholders.

Engaging the smallholder in order to encourage them to implementing sustainable practices is one way to reduce threats to available natural resources. As more pressure suffered by the remaining forest areas, due to land demands for palm oil plantation.

The training the extension agents and smallholder on High Conservation Value Forest with its identification, management and monitoring has been done on June, 26-28 2012. Where, the goal is to distribute the knowledge on not to expand the palm oil plantation to the HCVF. Furthermore, the smallholders are expecting to protect and enhance the quality of High Conservation Value identified, through the implementation of better management practices.

The current project conducted are to map identified potential independent smallholder group in East Kalimantan around HoB areas with focus area in West Kutai District. Besides that, also conducted to map 37

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

palm oil mills connected to the independent smallholders in Kutai Barat District (East Kalimantan) and conducted lobby & discussion with related stakeholders to help certifying the independent smallholder.

Making sure the independent smallholder to comply with sustainability principles and criteria should be guaranteed through standard verification by the third party. RSPO has accredited auditors to verify the sustainability compliances. Those auditors will audit and verify the RSPO principles and criteria since the first year of being certified until the year of 5th, when, its certification is expired. Then after the year of 5th, the independent smallholder should re-new its RSPO principles and criteria compliances.

Besides from environmental and social aspects, the independent smallholder should have economic benefit returned as sustainability practices leverage. It is therefore, we encourage potential independent smallholder group to be RSPO certified. We aim, that those potential independent smallholder groups would be able to maintain their environmental and social good practices along with good agriculture practices to increase their productivity and linking to market demands on sustainable palm oil produced by the independent smallholder. It will become economic sustainability and attractive for the independent smallholder.

Success stories: ď ž WWF Indonesia has developed a database and identifying independent smallholder around the heart of borneo in Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan. ď ž WWF Indonesia in collaboration with Kutai Barat District Government has conducted a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) on the development of sustainable palm oil by independent smallholder in Kutai Barat to build commitment in helping the independent smallholder to implement the RSPO P&C. ď ž Kutai Barat District Government is committed to helping independent smallholder in the provision of facilities for the production of smallholder group that are committed to implementing the RSPO P&C. Challenges and constraints:

In order to make sure, that the independent smallholder implementing sustainability practices including the identification, management and monitoring HCVF as part of RSPO principles and criteria. It is necessary for us to engage the independent smallholders, due to make them comply with sustainability principles and criteria. Sustainability practices encourage the independent smallholder to apply good agriculture practices, where it will lead to the productivity increments and efficiency. Also it is becoming the bridge to reach broader market as leverage either grabbing local certified mills or global manufactures and retailers. The independent smallholder should apply the principle and criteria RSPO in detail, in order to claim that they are complies with sustainability practices and recognized as sustainable palm oil producers. The independent smallholder required to comply with each of principles and criteria of RSPO.

In around Heart of Borneo the information in regard to independent smallholder palm oil has not been either recorded or compiled. It is becoming part of constraint to identify the independent smallholders and the effort to make independent palm oil smallholder in around HoB be RSPO certified. It is therefore the project will make an approach to make the independent smallholder in around HoB can implement principal and criteria RSPO as part to sustainable development and also to put the HCV protection in action.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Kayan Mentarang National Park North Kalimantan - District Malinau and District Nunukan Indonesia Evy S.Suryatmana ( esuryatmana@wwf.or.id ) WWF-DE 2011 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2014

Project Description: This project aims to build and strengthen a multi-actor partnership in the collaborative management of Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMN. The target group is the local communities of the Park, through The Alliance of Indigenous People (FoMMA), the collaborative management body (DP3K) and the KMNP Office, who together provide the collaborative management of the Park.

WWF Indonesia has been working in the Kayan Mentarang National Park since 1991. In the beginning, activities of the project focused on scientific research. The results of the long-term research programme encouraged WWF Indonesia to facilitate the 25-year Management Plan of the KMNP (Rencana Pengelolaan Taman Nasional Kayan Mentarang 25 tahun) completed in 2000, reflects the results of the process of research, consultation, and advocacy on the part of WWF.

In the last 3 years the project has produced significant achievements: Kayan Mentarang National Park has been appointed as a model for collaborative National Park managment in Indonesia. The project has produced guidelines for collaborative management, for example, for a criteria of zonation which are now agreed by the large majority of the villages and other stakeholders. This is a valuable asset for building up trust between the government and the local communities. The project also developed the model for active engagement of the stakeholders by clarifying roles, responsibilities and institutional mechanisms for the Alliance of the Indigenous People of Kayan Mentarang National Park (FoMMA) and the collaborative management body (DP3K).

Success Stories

Kayan Mentarang National Park has been appointed as a model for collaborative National Park managment in Indonesia. The Collaborative Management Body of Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMNP) is the first collaborative institution of national park in Indonesia that were legalized by the Minister of Forestry through 1214/Kpts-II/2002 in April 2002.

The main duty of the initial Park Board (DPK â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dewan Penentu Kebijakan), was to provide advice to the Minister of Forestry about policy making in the KMNP, as well as giving input for the the establishment of the Park Management Body. The DPK was evaluated in 2007 and its function revised and renamed as DP3K (Dewan Pembina dan Pengendali Pengelolaan Kolaboratif Taman Nasional Kayan Mentarang) that were legalized by the Minister of Forestry through SK.374 / Menhut-II/2007 on November 14, 2007. This now functions as an advisory body, in line with the new regulation on collaborative management, to supervise and facilitate the stakeholder consultations for the collaborative management of the Park.

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In the last year, WWF Indonesia has accompany the process of extension of the Decree of the Collaborative Management Body (DP3K) Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMNP), began with drafting a decree (SK) then gave some inputs in meeting with the Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation (PHKA) under the Ministry of Forestry discussing the extension revision of Decree DP3K on 16 July, 2013 at the PHKA office, until finally the extension of the decree (SK) was signed by Minister of Forestry on 12 December 2013 through the SK.890/Menhut-IV/2013. The decree will be the basis for strengthen the DP3K institution as part of ensuring equitable and effective collaborative. There are 22 members in DP3K: the Head of DP3K is the Head of Malinau District, the Head of Nunukan District is the 1st Deputy, Conservation Director of PHKA is 2nd Deputy, and the Head of the Alliance of the Indigenous People of Kayan Mentarang National Park (FoMMA) is the 3rd Deputy. Other members are the relevant stakeholders. The operating principles of the Board emphasize the importance of coordination, competence, shared responsibilities, and equal partnership among all stakeholders.

There are some great results that have been resulted by DP3K like: Zoning Criteria Indicators which are legalized by Director General of PHKA; Synthesis of the results of the collaborative management workshop of eight national parks in Indonesia; The model of collaborative management in Indonesia which was approved by the Ministry of Forestry. Furthermore, WWF Indonesia will encourage the finalization of the Buffer-zone Master Plan being an important agenda of DP3K and become a result priority . Challenges and Constraints The challenge is that the Collaborative Management must be ensured not only legalized form on paper or form of policy alone, but also actually implemented in the field. One way is to make Krayan area as a sample implementation of Collaborative Management in the buffer zone. Selection the Krayan area because this area is the harshest conflict with KMNP but is now more softened.

Initially, WWF-Indonesia invite government officials (i.e Head of Bappeda, Agriculture Office, Forestry, National Park, Fishery, and District Parliament member) of Nunukan District for discussions with communities in the buffer-zone area of the National Park in the Kurid celebration of the harvest (Irau) in Krayan on June 2013. They were down to the field to look directly problems and collaborate to solve the problem.

Then they follow up, since November 2013 there are the government assistance programs coming into Krayan, such as: the construction of irrigation, the bridges and the farmerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s roads in Kurid and its surrounding villages. It is collaboration between Bappeda, Public Works Department, Agriculture Office and District Parliament who also fight for the development budget. In another village, WWF-Indonesia also bridging the KMNP staffs, the agricultural extensions (PPL), Formadat (Forum of Customary Community), and Agriculture Office to collaborate increase the capacity of farmer groups and rural ecotourism in Paâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Padi village that designated as a Conservation Village Model (MDK).

Some remote village in Krayan including Kurid and Pa' Padi that were an enclave in a special zone which now has become the buffer zone. Initially, these villages rarely touched by government assistance and oppose the government policies regarding zoning and boundary of KMNP. Now community had accepted the KMNP existence and had gained benefits from the implementation of collaborative management. The same collaborative management on the field must be implemented in other buffer-zone also; this is the next challenge with different resources, different character, and different approach also.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Indonesian– German Cooperation In Forestry: Promoting Collaborative Management In Conservation (FORCLIME) North Kalimantan - District Malinau and District Nunukan Indonesia Dody Rukman in 2007-2011 (drukman@wwf.or.id ) Indonesian – German Cooperation (GIZ) 2006 – 2011

Project Description: The Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMNP) is located along the border of North Kalimantan (Indonesia) and the Malaysian States of Sabah and Sarawak. The park is the largest national park on the island of Borneo and covers 1.36 million Hectare. Its territory is divided into 11 traditional or customary land areas (wilayah adat), inhabited by approximately 34,500 people of Dayak origin. The local people have managed these forests since hundreds of years, and developed a rules based area network with utilization and protection measures. The KMNP, established by the Ministry of Forestry (MoF) in 1996 Number. 631/Kpts-II/1996, is embedded in one of the world's most important centres of biodiversity.

WWF-Indonesia has worked since 1991 in the KMNP area, supported by Ford Foundation, Danida, ITTO, TOTAL Foundation, WWF-Germany, WWF-Netherlands and others. In 2009, the newly started FORCLIME program absorbed the KMNP Management Project. FORCLIME’s technical cooperation module, which is implemented by GTZ, now continues the collaboration under its conservation and Heart of Borneo component. The Indonesian–German Cooperation started in the KMNP area in early 2006 with the inauguration of the KMNP Management Project between the Indonesian Government (represented by the MoF) and the German Government (represented by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit - GTZ). Both parties agreed to WWF-Indonesia with the implementation of the project, backstopped by a GTZ consultant. This new mode of delivery for Government to Government cooperation between the 2 countries proofed successful and is maintained until today. Results and lessons learnt of this cooperation are documented in a set of briefing papers published. In the following, some achievements of the cooperation shall be highlighted: Institution building and sustainable financing; Local People’s Participation ; Livelihood support; Boundary demarcation ; Park monitoring; Buffer zone; Participatory Zonation System. Success Stories

Supported by the Indonesian–German cooperation, the park’s local management institution (BTNKM) was facilitated in February 2007 as a single public executive body subordinate to the MoF. The BTNKM currently has 46 full time employees and is based in Malinau. It operates 3 field offices in its regional sections. The BTNKM based its work on a 5-year management plan (RENSTRA) developed through a multi-stakeholder process. Through the Indonesian-German Cooperation, WWF-Indonesia supported provided assistance to the development of a strategic business plan for the park’s collaborative management, comparing envisaged tasks (as stipulated in the 5-year plan) with available funding, and strategies to tap into alternative 41

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funding. In November 2007, a new institution for stakeholder representation established, called DP3K (Dewan Pembina and Pengendali Pengelolaan Kolaboratif or The Collaborative Management Body). DP3K of Kayan Mentarang National Park is the first collaborative institution of national park in Indonesia that were legalized by the Minister of Forestry. The DP3K has 19 members, comprising MoF, local and provincial governments, academics, NGOs and The Indigenous Peoples Alliance (called FoMMA). Since 2007, FoMMA works through the traditional institutions in each of the territories, and closely collaborates with the BTNKM.

Collaborative management have implemented also in the park’s spatial arrangement into management zones, already started a long time ago and has resulted in 3 different sets of criteria and indicators, i.e. from the DP3K, FoMMA and the MoF (based on the Decree No. 56/Menhut-II/2006). These three stets were integrated under the auspice of the BTNKM into the KMNP participatory zonation system and were accepted by all stakeholders. The criteria and indicators reflect local rules (adat rights) and legal requirements, and form the basis for the rights and responsibilities of the park’s management authority and the local people.

In addition to area management, people’s participation and livelihood support measures are as an inseparable aspect of conservation management, and occupy a prominent position within the Indonesian–German cooperation. A key activity of the last years the cooperation was the promotion of eco-tourism. In particular organizational prerequisites of eco-tourism (e.g. the founding of local ecotourism organizations, facilitation of village agreements on transport and accommodation for tourists) and site development (e.g. support to the construction of trails and simple shelters) was provided. With capacity building of the Borneo Highland Forum (FORMADAT) as an association of Krayan communities living in the border area, an organizational structure for regional cooperation in eco-tourism came into existence. Challenges and Constraints

This technical cooperation aims to promote sustainable development in the sense of a balanced achievement of economic, social and ecological goals. The concept implies that various stakeholders’ competing needs and interests must be analysed, addressed and harmonised as far as possible by means of institutionalised negotiations on various levels. Accordingly, collaborate between (and ensured participation by) public authorities, civil society and the private sector is regarded as essential. As an example collaborate for interventions zoning have been conducted, consisting of representatives of local, provincial and central institutions. In 2009, consent about the boundary was achieved. However, the next challenge were MoF did not yet legalize the proposed zonation and the DP3K finally linked the boundary demarcation of the KMNP to the pending agreement on the land-use map for East Kalimantan. Through this, it can be expected that the proposed boundary will be accepted. The process zonation how difficult, many constraint and how sensitive it is to establish permanent boundaries for conservation areas in Indonesia, and how important WWF support for trust building measures and collaborative arrangements among stakeholders in such processes are.

The livelihood work promotes an ecologically sound and socially equitable market-economic approach to rural development, and would continued led to an increase in local peoples’ income. Clarification of the various stakeholders’ mandates, rights and responsibilities is targeted, and their institutionalised participation in decision making and practical management are ensured. In this way, the cooperation promotes legal security has helps in conflict mediation. The boundary consensus procedure that facilitated by WWF-Indonesia in the northern part of the KMNP area and experience of many constraints in zoning process may serve as inputs to the development of related guidelines on national scale.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Heart of Borneo Initiative: Improving Conservation through Enhanced Cooperation and Capacity Building

North Kalimantan - District Malinau and District Nunukan Indonesia Evy S.Suryatmana ( esuryatmana@wwf.or.id ) WWF-US 2008 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2013

Project Description: This project focuses on finalizing the definition of Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMNP) and implement collaborative management, with revisions in protected area status as appropriate through a participatory system of mapping and border surveys, and also to support Conservation District of Malinau and Sustainable Development in both Malinau & Nunukan Districts. This will form the basis for a legal zonation system and buffer zone development that will strengthen the border and accommodate the traditional land tenure and resource-use. It will also seek to resolve land-use and border conflicts between in and around the national park through greater recognition of official boundaries of resource use zones, regulations and laws.

These activities will decrease the overall challenges of illegal logging, wildlife trade, and encroachment within the National Park. This project will also update the database on the reserve area for use as a planning and management tool, including relevant information on species distributions, land tenure, resource-use patterns, and socioeconomic factors through an integrated Geographic Information System.

The process and lessons learned in the definition and securing of boundaries of the park within the Nunukan and Malinau districts will be incorporated into the training and cooperative planning for the protected area management under the Heart of Borneo. The borders between Indonesia and Malaysia presents an unique opportunity to further strengthen the capacity of the cooperative network of information sharing for enhanced protected area management. Success Stories

The whole process in KMNP, where the Collaborative Management Body (DP3K) and The Customary Community Alliance (FoMMA) have been influential in the mapping program, sets a good example for other conservation areas. Both local institutions have given the indigenous peoples a better bargaining position in protecting their interests, but also helped to identify compromises. On the other hand, the central government (PHKA) was open to suggestions offered by the local communities (represented by FoMMA and DP3K). However, Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s trust in the mapping program finally diminished due to its slow progress and complicated decision making at national and local governmental levels.

The proposed of outer boundary has been agreed in 10 customary areas in 2008, based on Ministerial Decree, The size of KMNP is 1.365.000 ha, and based on the participatory boundary mapping by the 43

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boundary team (Community) that has been established in 2008, it is reduced by 200,000 ha. But then after the negotiation through consultation public agreed the reducing area became the special zone.

Until 2009, the participatory boundary mapping of the KMNP and public consultation that facilitated by WWF-Indonesia has been carried out in 8 of 11 traditional territories within the KMNP and resulted consent about the boundary was achieved by all stakeholders.

On 30 June 2009, the DP3K sent the proposed boundary map, through Head of DP3K Letter No. 09/DP3K1/6/2009 concerning Area Boundary Change, to the head of the East Kalimantan Planning Board (BAPPEDA) and ccâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d the letter to the Minister of Forestry, the Governor of East Kalimantan, the Director General of Forestry Planning Agency, and the Head of East Kalimantan RTRWP Integrated Land Use Planning Team (for the revision of East Kalimantan RTRWP/spatial plan). As a follow-up to the proposal, the Integrated Team held a meeting in Malinau, on 25 Juli 2009, to collect data/information and clarify the forest area changes resulting from the proposal, and to accommodate them in the proposed revision of the spatial plan for East Kalimantan.

WWF-Indonesia facilitated also outer boundary public consultation in Nunukan in December 2009, the result is almost 80 % of the proposal of outer boundary has been accommodated in the proposal of revision on East Kalimantan Spatial Planning. The end of process, in December 2011 all villages in Krayan Hilir customary areas agreed to be included in the Park. And then, the proposal of outer boundary has been discussed at the provincial level as a part of provincial spatial planning. Challenges and Constraints

In the Nunukan district spatial draft, KMNP divided and fragmented, it will complicate the management of KMNP. The off area is mainly in the Krayan area that is in the case of provocation to the community with the information that is more in favor of development and regional development, this is a big challenge. WWF-ID collaborate with an integrated team trying to socialize about the advantages and disadvantages when the community area entering into KMNP and entrance the APL (other-uses area).

The socialization process to agree on the zoning was constrained by an agreement between an official of the Ministry of Forestry with Krayan community in 2007. The meetings lead to a larger event in Long Bawan, Krayan sub-district, on 18 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 19 January 2007. Among some points agreed the following areas: 1) settlements, (2) agricultural lands (gardens, rice fields, laman), (3) potential agricultural areas (former rice fields/villages), and (4) areas in between the settlements (for transportation) shall be excluded from the KMNP. But because the official was not authorized, then the Ministry of Forestry did not follow up the agreement while the community adhering to the agreement. This is a big problem. WWF-ID returning to the initiative to invite stakeholders to undertake public consultation on zoning, after the public expressed concerns and we provide impartial explanation of the benefits and disadvantages of entering into KMNP and APL. Finally, in December 2011 all villages in Krayan Hilir customary areas agree to be included in the Park, community chooses to have their area included in the KMNP special zone. This development is then communicated to the integrated team of district, provincial and Ministry of Forestry when the spatial is still in the process and not final yet. The next challenge is the planned of roads construction in the buffer zone and roads between villages, which is supported by the MoF Decree No. 554 on 12 August, 2013 where several settlements that have agreed to be a special zone now removed from KMNP and changed status to APL (other-uses area) which the ownership can be switched to individual and able to be traded. Until now, the decree has not been socialized yet as it is waiting for the approval of the House of Representatives (DPR-RI).

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Foto: ESD

Farming practice in school garden

Education for Sustainable Development in HoB West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, and North Kalimantan Jakarta Rini. R. Adriani (randriani@wwf.or.id) SIDA Sweden 6 Years

Foto: ESD

Outdoor teaching n learning

Transfer knowledge to other educators in village

Project Description: ESD in HoB is the implementation of education for sustainable development in primary formal education level 1-9 (elementary school up to junior high school). ESD activities in the HoB area such as:

1. ESD Training This training is conducted periodically in accordance with the purposes of the educators in the HoB area. These training activities such as collaboration with local authorities (National Education Office) and the Ministry of Environment Office at the district level. Up to now, WWF – Indonesia’s ESD activities in 11 districts in the HoB area. The material of the training is introducing of ESD, pedagogy, enrich teaching and learning methods like “PAIKEM” - ( active, inovative , creative and fun ) etc. and environmental friendly enterpreneurship.

2. Assisting school for ESD implementation Assisting school, election for school assistance through “school’s dream”, after teachers and principals get ESD training and schools understand about sustainable school. Then the school sends a simple proposal to realize their dream school. School mentoring base on whole-school approach, namely: the ethos and culture of the school, student –focused, teahing-learning, community, school environment, and monitoring and evaluation.

Currently there are 25 pilot schools scattered in HoB area and now already have provide 82 school impact of the pilot schools. 3.Establishing Resource Centers- Pustaka Borneo Assistance school that showing good progress gain more support from WWF – Indonesian to develop resource center “Rumah Belajar – Pustaka Borneo”. The Resource Center (Rumah Belajar) is a development of the school library into a place of learning center for students and the community around the school. The formate of the RB teachers and students are trained to manage the library, introduction of IT, writing and photography. It also aims to build a community participatory maximally in the world of education and sustainable development 45

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

4. National Workshop on ESD Policy National workshop was attended by all the components to provide a recommendation to the policy implementation of ESD in schools.

5. Follow-up of the National Workshop on ESD Policy Follow-up of the national workshop was to make a report of ESD in Indonesia that has been done by NGO's. 6. Publications To disseminate information about ESD in the form of newsletters and books on ESD.

7. Youth competition - Bumiku Rumahku (My Earth My Home) Competition for children and youth who have done projects at their school which has relations with society, economy and environment. The finalists produce children declarations. Success Stories: ESD training has been carried out at 11 districts namely Katingan, Murung Raya, Barito Utara, Gunung Mas, Kutai Barat, Melawi, Sintang, Kapuas Hulu, Ketapang, Malinau and Nunukan. Total number of participants was 329 people at the first training. For second and third training with the same participants as the first training.

25 schools that received assistance have given the impact to other schools, and there are 82 other schools that impacted. This knowledge transfer is done through the KKG forum (Teachers Working Group), PSC (Principal Working Group) or in MGMPs (Deliberation Teachers subjects), even 4 schools assisted to got Adiwiyata award (award given by the Government of Indonesia to the schools that have been cultured environment) at district and provincial level and one school received national Adiwiyata Award from Environmental Ministry and the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia.

According to educators who have ESD training and implement it in their school, they have gain a lot of precious things after got assistance from WWF Indonesia, namely : • Schools community feel happy and proud of the positive changes, both in terms of environmental management, changes in the methodology of teaching-learning, leadership , cooperation of the, and the learning achievement of children, and a variety of school achievements • Students becoming more active and have the courage to express their opinions • Getting support from the community • The environment becomes clean, beautiful and wonderful

www.pustakaborneo.com fdsite providing information and sharing experiences of schools that have implemented ESD. There are also bulletin "BANIR " which contains the activities carried out in the assistance schools . Banir (Buttress) newsletter aims to give inspiration to educators in other schools both in the HoB area and other regions in Indonesia. As for supporting school activities, several books on education teaching methodologies and green entrepreneurship has been translated in Bahasa and published. One application of green entrepreneurship that has done in schools is organic gardening and made wickers from rattan & purun (kind of leaves). Direct salesto community but there are also people who come to the school to buy . Proceeds from the sale, used mostly to support school activities.

From ESD National workshop 2012 in Jakarta, provide recommendations for the central government, local government, civil society, and private schools. This recommendation was prepared by participants consisting of educators from 26 schools, 20 cities, 12 provinces as well as education authorities NGOs, Environmental Office from the same provinces.

These day recommendation was in the process of socialization to each target that mentioned in the recommendation, distribute by every region node and ESD working group. The working group is currently drafting a National Report on the Implementation of the Decade of ESD in Indonesia ( A Decade 46

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

of ESD in Indonesia from 2005 to 2014 ) has been done by NGOs in Indonesia. This is a report about developing ESD that has been done by NGOs in Indonesia. Challenges and constraints: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Assisted schools with considerable numbers, and the distance from one school to another is much takes a long time to travel. Mutation of Head office or contact person in government is often the case that the program should continue and resocialize again. In some school activities not run smoothly, because there are some teachers who think that itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s an additional work. Department of Education in support of ESD activity but not much involved, so the school was not getting support properly.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Fires for land clearing

Forest Fire Mitigation in HoB Landscape Kalimantan Jakarta, Indonesia Dedi Hariri (dhariri@wwf.or.id) WWF-Sweden 2008 - 2014

Fire training for companies

Fire supression by community

Project Description: In designing our conservation program to address the critical issues of forest and land fires in the Heart of Borneo and surrounding areas, we have focused on government as the leading actor, with supporting roles for the private sector and local communities. Our program leverages the political commitment provided by both (1) President SBY’s 2007 pledge to reduce forest and land fires in Indonesia and (2) the Heart of Borneo’s extensive system of working groups involving government actors at all levels, committed to protecting Borneo’s biodiversity. In the effect, we are working with government to improve the effective application of the financial resources for fire prevention already in government budgets. In this way, we are helping government, private sectors, and local communities to develop appropriate and effective solutions to forest and land fires, thereby contributing to the reduction of hotspots and the greenhouse gases that result from hotspots. To achieve this project’s outcomes, we will use four primary types of action, namely:

Assist policy development   

Engage central/national government to ratify ASEAN Agreement on Trans-boundary Haze Pollution and review policy-related forest and land fires at national level. Engage local government (province/district level) to revise current fire policies into zero-burn fire policies. Advocate for local governments to issue regulations related to forest and land fires.

Facilitate communication both among professionals and with the wider public   

Periodically, produce and publish The Fire Bulletin. Conduct a forest fire campaign for public awareness. National hotspot monitoring (Indonesia and ASEAN) to measure hotspot reducing.

Engage the private sector

 Develop and distribute a “Best Management Practice” manual for fire management on private lands.  Promote hotspot monitoring in private sectors’ (companies) concession areas.  Facilitate training on fires control and management. Work with local communities 48

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

  

Facilitate communities on-the-ground for forest fire prevention and better agricultural practices, such as not using slash and burn techniques, in West Kalimantan. Facilitate community participation in trainings on fire in Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan. Promote peat land management for fire prevention at the community level.

Success stories:   

Facilitate and support local government regulation-related to forest and land fires in East Kalimantan and fulfils WWF standard. Develop Community Fire Brigade in West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan, and followed by training and equipment facilitation. Facilitate fires mitigation training for private sectors (forestry and plantation companies) in West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan.

Challenges and constraints: Community level: The community facilitation should be conducted consistently. In case of Danau Sentarum activity, the facilitation should be followed up by the “real” activities-related fire mitigation (training and fire equipment providing). In addition, the approach to community in socializing of zero burning method (for land clearing) should be undertaken carefully because it relate to economic, tradition, and behavior.

Private Sector/ Corporate level: Sustainable palm oil practices can be achieved if companies implement RSPO principles and criteria prohibiting burning. Market forces are pressuring some companies to implement RSPO principles and criteria, but others are not interested in complying, because it will lead to additional cost.

General: acquire data on forest fire carbon emissions to contribute to the global assessment. Special researh is necessary to measure carbon emission caused by fires and their contribution to global carbon emissions.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Monitoring HoB Status Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia WWF-Indonesia Stephan Wulffraat (SWulffraat@wwf.or.id) Senior Technical Staff on Ecology and Conservation Management WWF Germany Jul 12-Jun 13

Project Description: The first assessment of the environmental status of the Heart of Borneo (HoB) was conducted in 2008, with historical data and spatial- as well as field-data. The objectives were to obtain information on the current status of the HoB (baseline data) and to develop a framework for monitoring that would allow for relevant analyses. A comprehensive set of indicators was developed that proved to be informative while at the same time practical enough to provide a useful overview of the status. The indicators were selected and reviewed by a team of experts.

These indicators were measured for the second time in 2013, using data from 2012 and 2010. The assessments are being used for monitoring, followed by evaluation of effectiveness and then formulation of adaptive management. Key success stories: 1. 2.

We now know exactly what happened to the forest cover of the various ecosystems of the Heart of Borneo between 2007 and 2012. We know the major locations where we should concentration our conservation efforts to ensure the preservation and connectivity of the ecosystems and key species of the Heart of Borneo.

Challenges and constraints: Satellite imagery The analyses of the spatial data are strongly based in the application of satellite images. We are using MODIS images because these are freely available over long periods of time. The resolution of 250 m is good enough to provide a decent useful overview of the forest cover changes of Borneo. Given the humid tropical climate of Borneo, it is difficult to obtain cloud-free images of certain areas but by combining scenes from various dates and areas it is possible to compile a cloud-free mosaic within a timeframe of several months. Formerly we had to aquire such a satellite mosaic from outside but now the GIS staff of WWF Indonesia has the expertise to do it ourselves. Data collection

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

To measure all the indicators from the previous assessment the same data collection was required, and since the mechanisms are alreay known, this could be conducted in an efficient way. This time more data was available such as on forest fragmentation, mining concessions and banteng distribution. Unfortunately many important data from Malaysia was again not available this time. There are particularly the data on extents of logging concessions and plantations inside the Malysian part of the HoB. For the time being simple polygon data would suffice but even this is not to be used. It is theoretically possible to map the outline vectors from high resolution satellite images but this would imply a high leve of presumption. Information on management effectness of protected areas as derived from Rappam assessments turned out to be very useful, but is only available from four national parks in the Indonesian part of the HoB.

Challenges

The major challengs will be as how to translate the monitoring data from the second assessment of the environmental status of the Heart of Borneo into useful recommendations for adaptive management of conservation activities and policies of WWF and the major stakeholders.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION

A common heritage for a sustainable future: Partnerships with indigenous communities to foster economic well-being and conservation of their natural environment in the Highlands of the Heart of Borneo. FORMADAT Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Cristina Eghenter (ceghenter@wwf.or.id)

FF, WWF International-BMZ, WWF Sweden-SIDA 2003-ongoing

Pictures

Photo Description: 1. Cultural Field School in Krayan 2. FORMADAT leaders and partners at a tree planting ceremony in Bario, 2012 3. Tele-Center in Krayan, 2012 Project Description: In the very Heart of Borneo, lie the Highlands of Borneo comprising the sub-districts of Krayan Selatan and Krayan in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, Bario, Baâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Kelalan and Long Semadoh in Sarawak, and Ulu Padas in Sabah, Malaysia. The main ethnic groups (Lun Dayeh/Lun Bawang, Kelabit, and Saâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ban, and some Penan groups) who inhabit the area number around 15,000 people, 75% living on the Indonesian side. A relatively isolated region averaging 1000m in elevation, the highlands are linked by logging road to the coast on the Sarawak and Sabah sides, but only linked by air to the lowlands of East Kalimantan. The Highlands of Borneo constitute one geographical, environmental, and cultural land of the descendants of the common ancestors Rang Dungo & Terur Eco. The Highlands are also home to a rich assemblage of megalithic monuments witness of a history of long settlement in the area. The cultural and historical close ties of the people of the Highlands are one of the main reasons for the intense social and economic interactions that take place in the highlands across the international border between Indonesia and Malaysia.

The landscape of the highlands in the Heart of Borneo is a patchwork of productive space, managed forests and waters, and conserved sites, shaped by the interactions of people and nature over time. In this kind of landscape, natural and cultural values are inextricably linked. Community well-being is tied to natural assets that need to be enhanced and developed to create value and sustain good 52

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

livelihoods. Traditionally, communities have practiced wet rice agriculture in the wide valleys of the highlands, and dry rice agriculture on the hill slopes. The rice agricultural system, integrally linked to animal husbandry (water buffalo), has managed to sustain the communities of the highlands and also produce agricultural surplus. Empowering local and indigenous communities for the sustainable development of the Highlands in the Heart of Borneo

As in many examples of management of common-pool resources, the communities of the Highlands have often organized themselves to protect their resources, without central government or NGOs interventions. Often, traditional institutions dependent on high social capital have fulfilled this role in the management of natural assets. In the face of new and global challenges, and the threats of natural resource exploitation, it is important for the communities of the highlands across the border to foster closer collaboration on issues that concern the future direction of development and conservation in the Highlands of Borneo. The establishment of FORMADAT speaks to these challenges. It provides a forum to discuss common strategies and reconcile competing interests, and, by doing this, strengthen the social capital needed to promote continued sustainable use of natural resources in the Highlands. FORMADAT, or the Forum of the Indigenous Peoples of the Highlands of Borneo, is a transboundary, grass-root initiative to create and maintain a network of communication, information, and exchange to help steer development in the highlands in ways that are sustainable and suitable to the needs and aspirations of local people in both Malaysia and Indonesia. All members share the concern with how to intensify the economic development of the area without risking the degradation of the quality of the social and natural environment. The landscape of the highlands is fragile, and development plans need to be properly designed to avoid damage.

In November 2006, FORMADAT members met in Bario and outlined the vision and mission of the organization to build a common and sustainable future in the highlands of Borneo. The vision is based on the realization that three dimensions, socio-cultural, ecological and economic, are highly interconnected and interdependent. Key aspects of the mission include: ď&#x201A;ˇ

ď&#x201A;ˇ ď&#x201A;ˇ

Maintain the cultural and family bonds that have made the people of the highlands one people who share a common land; strengthen traditions and customary ways Identify and develop sustainable economic alternatives such as: organic agriculture and highvalue agro-forestry products; community-based ecotourism; establish open and fair trading networks Minimize negative impacts on the environment; protect water sources, historical and cultural sites, river banks and forest areas.

To some extent, conservation strategies in the Heart of Borneo need to be trans-boundary and address ecological and development priorities based on the realization that the landscape is shared, and that both threats to the environment, and sustainable practices and conservation, affect both sides of the border, Indonesia and Malaysia. FORMADAT can mobilize resources for conservation and provide a vehicle for trans-boundary conservation that is rooted in local needs, local leadership and legitimacy, and local knowledge.

Similarly, cultural and artistic values as much as agricultural practices have contributed to molding and maintaining a sense of identity among the people of the highlands. The cultural and artistic heritage needs however to be strengthened and revived to further to ensure that local people become agents in the sustainable development of their land, and can steer development in directions that are compatible with local values and needs. Important efforts in cultural revival have already started in Krayan, with frequent exchanges and cross-training by FORMADAT experts especially from Krayan. These efforts would benefit by a more permanent system of cultural management in the Krayan highlands which includes documentation, training, education, and performances.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

SUCCESS STORIES 1. The tale of the two ‘Hearts of Borneo’ In October 2004, elders and representatives of communities from the Highlands in the Heart of Borneo in Malaysia (Bario, Ba’ Kelalan, Long Semadoh, Ulu Padas) and Indonesia (Krayan and Krayan Selatan) met in Long Bawan (Krayan) to establish the Alliance of the Indigenous Peoples of the Highlands of Borneo (FORMADAT). The chosen logo states: People in the Heart of Borneo. It was the beginning of the FORMADAT tale to “…increase awareness and understanding about the highland communities, build local capacity, and encourage sustainable development in the Heart of Borneo.” (from FORMADAT declaration, 2006).

In February 2007, the ministries of the governments of Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia signed the declaration on the Heart of Borneo Initiative to protect and manage sustainably the forests in the heart of the Borneo. It was the formal start of the tale of the three governments’ commitment to “….promote people’s welfare, we will cooperate in ensuring the effective management of forest resources and conservation of a network of protected areas, productive forests and other sustainable land-uses…”

It was only at the recent 7th Trilateral Meeting in Brunei, 4-5 September 2013, that the tale of the ‘two Hearts of Borneo’ found a stronger, common narrative. For the first time, representatives of FORMADAT Indonesia and Malaysia (Lewi P Gala, George Sigar Sultan, John Tarawe, and Gat Khaleb) were invited as observers to the Trilateral Meeting and the Ministerial Meeting on Sept 7th. This was a major milestone for the Indigenous Peoples of FORMADAT who, over the last two years, had asked for recognition of their trans-boundary community initiative in the Highlands and the seal of a formal partnership with the Trilateral HoB Initiative in support of sustainable development in the Highlands.

“We are the people who live in the Heart of Borneo where we have lived for centuries and taken care of the fragile environment of the Highlands. We are happy to be here with you today, and we want to extend our cooperation and support for the HoB Initiative,” affirmed John Tarawe addressing the delegates of the three countries on behalf of FORMADAT, on the first day of the meeting. For the first time, an item on the agenda specifically regarded communities. The Indonesian delegation presented the proposal, A Network of Local Communities to Promote Sustainable Development and Conservation in the Heart of Borneo for discussion and invited FORMADAT to address the Meeting. The proposal will be refined and submitted to member countries before the next Trilateral Meeting for consideration. 2. “A bridge to the space”: overcoming communication isolation in the Highlands of the HoB

The inauguration of the first Tele-Center E-Krayan in Long Bawan, Krayan (Nunukan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia) on April 1st, 2011, is an example of how internet facilities can bring new opportunities and address the need of the communities in the Highlands of the Heart of Borneo to have speedy access to information and be part of a wider communication community.

The Tele-Center, appropriately named in the local language Tadur Rang Gawa, or a bridge to the space, is the third Tele-Center to be built in the Highlands, the eco-cultural landscape shared by Indonesia and Malaysia in the Heart of Borneo, and the ancestral land of the Lund Dayeh/Lun Bawang, Kelabit, and Sa’ban people. Internet is an accessible reality in this remote area in the Heart of Borneo. The pioneering initiative was the multi-award winning E-Bario project that opened the way to the internet ‘revolution’ in the Heart of Borneo. In December 2010, the Tele-Center in Ba’ Kelalan was opened in the northern part of Sarawak across the international border from Long Bawan. With three operational Tele-Centers in the Highlands, a digital communication network is now in place to help project the voice of the Highlands communities to the outside world and potential partners. 54

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

With easier access to information and communication, FORMADAT can support the promotion of its premium products like adan rice and ecotourism. The increase in the number of visitors and tourists coming to the highlands from Malaysia and the lowlands in Indonesia have highlighted the importance of web-site and internet to support sustainable enterprises like community-based ecotourism.

The E-Krayan Tele-Center is managed by FORMADAT-Krayan, the Forum of the Indigenous Peoples of the Highlands in Krayan. It provides internet access to a larger number of customers in the Krayan subdistrict, including schools, visitors, health center and other users in the Highlands of the Heart of Borneo.

Even in the days prior to the official opening of the E-Krayan, the enthusiasm of local residents for the internet facilities was evidenced by a constant flow of visitors, children, teen-agers, teachers and soldiers from morning to late night eager to use internet to connect on social networks, look for information, and reading news. The set-up of “Tadur Rang Gawa” has brought an important, concrete slice of globalization in support of the sustainable future of the Highlands in the Heart of Borneo. 3. THE CULTURAL FIELD SCHOOL

In Krayan (Indonesia), FORMADAT on behalf of all the communities of the Highlands has built a traditional building on land donated by the local community. The building is host to a Cultural Field School (CFS). The school is meant to help strengthen and revive artistic traditions of the Lundayeh, Sa’ban and Kelabit peoples. It is also a center for the younger generation to learn more about customary law and the ‘adat ways.’ Several workshops have been organized: traditional music and dances for school children; carving; customary values and traditional judicial system. A private TV station in Indonesia has selected FORMADAT and CFS shot a documentary on location to highlight the Cultural Field School as an example of transmitting cultural values to the new generations.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Ecotourism in HoB Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Cristina Eghenter (ceghenter@wwf.or.id) DANIDA, GTZ, WWF INTERNATIONAL-BMZ 2002 ongoing

Photo Description: 1. 2.

Traditional slow food in the Highlands of HoB, Krayan 2013 Cultural traditions of the Highlands, 2012

Project Description: Borneo has long been the object of western fascination. This is one of the reasons why Borneo has attracted travelers and a swelling number of western tourists especially in recent years, and tourism has become the number one revenue industry in Sabah. Tropical forests, biodiversity, Dayak traditions and culture have all become important icons upon which the tourism industry of Borneo is being built and promoted. The region of the Heart of Borneo (HoB), the mountainous interior straddling the common border between Indonesia and Malaysia, is mainly inhabited by Dayak communities and largely covered with tropical forest and a mosaic of human-shaped agricultural landscape. This region has already established itself as a new frontier for tourism development, especially ecotourism.

WWF is concerned with developing and marketing models of community-based ecotourism in conservation landscapes that help strengthen environmental awareness, support conservation efforts, and provide financial benefits for local people. Community-based implies that local people should be in a position to benefit from revenues of ecotourism, control ecotourism development to minimize negative impacts towards their territory, culture, and society, and be involved in the management of ecotourism activities.

In the Heart of Borneo landscape, local governments in Kalimantan are also increasingly looking at ecotourism as a potential economic asset and possible source of revenues for the region. This is especially the case for the districts of Malinau and Kapuas Hulu that have declared themselves as â&#x20AC;&#x153;Conservation Districtsâ&#x20AC;? and are committed to making conservation the basis of economic and sustainable development.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Over the last few years, WWF-Indonesia and the field teams in Betung Kerihun National Park and Kayan Mentarang National Park have worked with communities to develop capacity to manage communitybased ecotourism, and create sustainable economic alternatives that help communities protect their forest. The areas selected as pilot projects possess great potential because of the beauty of the landscape, natural attractions, archaeological remains, river adventures, cultural traditions, and the generous hospitality of local people. Activities have included: capacity building, promotion, interpretation, pricesetting, homestays, cross-visits, surveys, and tourist/customer care. An important aspect of the work, especially in the Kayan Mentarang area, has been facilitating strategic networks with communities and ecotourism initiatives across the border with Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah) in the HoB area, in particular in the highlands of Krayan-Bario-Ulu Padas in the Heart of Borneo area. As the Heart of Borneo initiative gets under way, a special effort is needed to bring ongoing field projects both in Malaysia and Indonesia, and new activities in emerging areas like Kalimantan Tengah, under a common framework to encourage more exchange and develop more effective promotion of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Ecotourism in the Heart of Borneo.â&#x20AC;?

Two main interrelated aspects need to be addressed to further develop ecotourism as a successful conservation-based enterprise in the Heart of Borneo. On the one hand, the enterprise has to be economically sound, generate revenues and be run professionally. On the other hand, it has to be equitable and benefit local people as main rightholders in the management of natural resources. In this regard, it is important to develop appropriate marketing strategies, and engage in an open dialogue with the private sector and the government. In addition, organizational and institutional aspects also become a key issue: the importance of professional and continuous support for strengthening local organizations, promote self-reliant enterprises, and establish fair partnerships in ecotourism development. 1. Pilot projects: Krayan, The Highlands in the Heart of Borneo

Main attractions: jungle trekking and rice fields walks; landscape beauty; culture (traditional dances, music, handicrafts); local cuisine (recipes from the forest and organic food); archaeological remains (stone and cave burials; stone carvings). High potential for cross-border trekking and ecotourism with the highlands in Sarawak.

Accommodation: Homestays in all villages and lodge in sub-district center (Long Bawan). In 2010 (6 months), 43 tourists used homestay facilities in Long Bawan and stayed on average 4-5 days.

Number of tourists: Number of tourists is still limited, but increased significantly from (20) tourists in 2002 to over (215) tourists in 2010-2011. For the most part, they are nature trekkers, traveling individually. 70% come across the border from Malaysia and go back to Malaysia. There were (3) expeditions from Malaysia organized since 2008.

Local managers: FORMADAT in Krayan and LSM Tana Tam in Krayan Selatan, plus ecotourism committees at village level

Access: by air from Indonesia (SUSI and MAF regular flights from Nunukan/Tarakan, or chartered flights), or by road/treks from Sarawak. Product development: local packages (loops); BJS Tour Operator packages. Promotional material: already listed in the Lonely Planet Guide

("Borneo") and other travel guides; website: www.borneo-ecotourism.com Partnerships: working together with local government for promotion;

collaboration with Tour Operators in Malaysia and Indonesia.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

2. Pilot projects: Hulu Pujungan, (Ketaman, Pua, Long Jelet), Malinau Main attractions: jungle trekking; waterfalls and old burial sites; culture (traditional dances, music, handicrafts); local cuisine (recipes from the forest and organic food). Long-distance expeditions to Apo Kayan. Accommodation: Homestays in (3) villages and lodge in sub-district center (Long Pujungan).

Number of tourists: Number of tourists is still limited, but increased significantly from (5) tourists in 2003 to (34) tourists in 2010-2011. For the most part, tourists are nature trekkers, traveling individually. 60% come by longboat from Tanjung Selor (on average 1-2 days of travel). On average, tourists’s stay is about 5-6 days. Local managers: Hulu Pujungan ecotourism committees at village level Support by WWF and District Tourism office.

Access: by air from Malinau or Tarakan (MAF regular flights or chartered flights from Malinau to Long Pujungan), or by traders’ longboats from Tanjung Selor (Bulungan). No fixed schedule. Product development: local packages and local fees established.

Promotional material: already listed in the Lonely Planet Guide ("Borneo") and other travel guides; website www.borneo-ecotourism.com Partnerships: working together with local government and other industry players for promotion; 3. Pilot projects: Hulu Bahau (Long Alango, Long Berini, Apau Ping), Malinau

Main attractions: Jungle trekking; Forest Research Station (Lalut Birai); river adventures; culture (traditional dances, music, handicrafts); local cuisine (recipes from the forest and organic food). Longdistance expeditions to the Highlands of Krayan (“Banteng Trek”).

Accommodation: Homestays in (3) villages; accommodation at Forest Station.

Number of tourists: Number of tourists is still limited, but increased significantly since 2009 especially after the launching of the Banteng Trek with (18) tourists in 2010-2011. For the most part, tourists are nature trekkers, traveling individually. The trek takes 5 to 6 days. Local managers: BPTU and ecotourism committees at village level

Support by WWF and District Tourism office.

Access: by air from Malinau or Tarakan (MAF or SUSI regular flights or chartered flights from Malinau to Long Alango), or by traders’ longboats from Tanjung Selor (Bulungan) via Pujungan. No fixed schedule.

Product development: local packages and fees established (e.g., Banteng trek local package Rp5,000,000/person).

collaboration with Tour Operator from Samarinda (DGT). Agreement and community protocol developed. Success stories:

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

The local government in Nunukan relies on FORMADAT for spearheading ecotourism projects and events in the Highlands, and provides some limited financial means (1-day training for nature interpreters in 2012). Number of tourists is around 150-200/year, most of whom trek from Bario and Baâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Kelalan (Malaysia) and spend 1-2 days in the Krayan area before heading back to Malaysia. The innovative mechanisms proposed by FORMADAT to regulate the flow of tourists from Malaysia to Krayan and agreed by all parties in 2010 was recently put to test with the rotation of new military and police officers assigned to duty in Krayan, and is now being renegotiated. Two tour operators (BJS from Malaysia and DeGigant Tours from Indonesia) have signed MoU with LSM Tana Tam in Krayan Selatan and also work together with FORMADAT in Krayan. They committed to be partners with the communities in the Highlands and agreed to local terms such as tarifs and fees, and loops/itineraries, as set and agreed by the communities. The MoU with DeGigant Tours was signed in October 2011 after a 4-day training event on ecotourism organized in (3) villages in the Krayan, where the representative of both Tour Operators were involved as resource persons. Over 15 local guides and 5 guides from neighboring areas participated.

The updated ecotourism website (www.borneo-ecotourism.com), completed in May 2012, has been an instant hit. It is No (1) one on both google and bing search engines. Over 15 requests for further information from overseas tourists come in weekly. A few tours have already been arranged and planned. The TeleCenter now functions as Information Center for tourists. It has also opened a small coffee shop on its premises and offers and internet services. FORMADAT T-shirts were printed in (4) colors (May 2012) and promoted at the Annual Meeting in Bario and other events.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Green and Fair Products: sustainability through equity environment and economy in the Highlands of HoB Cristina Eghenter (ceghenter@wwf.or.id) WWF International: BMZ (2010-2012) and Audmars Piguet Foundation 2013-2016

Pictures

Photo Description: 1. 2.

Adan rice in the Krayan Highlands, 2010 An exhibit of products from the Highlands (Sarawak, 2010)

Project Description: Conservation organizations have become aware of the importance of taking into account the human factor in conservation management as a source for positive engagement in support of sustainable management of natural resources and protection of the environment. Moreover, economic instruments are increasingly being regarded and used as a tool for conservation by assigning market value to natural resources and services. By enhancing the ‘green’ and ‘fair’ value of products, consumers, locally and globally, have the possibility to choose products that are of good quality, healthy, and help local economy and conservation. WWF Indonesia and the G&F Products Initiative: A fair choice for people and nature

The Green& Fair products initiative was initially developed by WWF-Indonesia in 2004. With this initiative, WWF Indonesia set out to pursue the following objectives: empowering communities, strengthening the role of local entrepreneurs and in particular women, and highlighting the conservation message in fair trade partnerships. WWF-Indonesia aims at supporting the development of small yet sound business ventures that are suitable to local, socio-cultural conditions, instill business entrepreneurship and basic marketing skills to create additional income-generating alternatives for local people in conservation landscapes.

WWF does not act as a retailer nor a trader in G&F products. WWF-Indonesia facilitates the establishing of market linkages between the producers and buyers/retailers, and help promote the ‘green’ and ‘fair’ message to the general public and the WWF network by participating in fairs and exhibits, running campaigns, producing videos and stories. Earlier this year, WWF Indonesia and WWF Malaysia organized a joint workshop to identify products with that could be promoted and marketed in Malaysia as Green& Fair. These products happen to be from the Highlands in the Heart of Borneo (HoB) and represent ‘trans60

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

boundary’ products cultivated by local communities on both side of the international border between Indonesia and Malaysia (Sarawak), especially organic rice of a local variety (adan).

Green& Fair Products: stories from communities living near conservation areas

The landscape of the Highlands in the Heart of Borneo is of considerable beauty. It is a patchwork of productive space, forests and waters, and cultural sites. Traditionally, communities have practiced wet rice agriculture in the wide valleys of the highlands. One product with market value is a local variety of rice called ‘adan rice,’ famous for its fine texture, minerals and taste

Several local products from the Highlands fulfill Green and Fair criteria. Foremost the ‘adan rice’ which has been cultivated, consumed and traded (especially across the border to Malaysia) for a long time. Other products are mountain salt, a characteristic salt produced from the naturally occuring salt springs in the Highlands. Both products tell a conservation and cultural heritage story and offer opportunities for educating about sustainable development and conservation. Both products have been proposed to AsiO Gusto 2013 for inclusion in the exhibit and workshops. This is part of the main intervention under the project, Green and Fair Products, Forest Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods, Highlands in the Heart of Borneo (supported by WWF International & Fondation Audmars Piguet).

Each product tells a conservation story and represents a livelihood option for communities around Indonesia. In this respect, stories about the G&F products, and their market development, offer opportunities for educating about sustainable development and creating awareness in urban areas about the value of rural communities. 3.3. Organic rice from the Krayan Highlands

The product. The rice is a local variety of rice called “adan.” It comes in white, black, and red varieties. The rice is cultivated in paddies at an altitude of around 900m above sea level. The elevation and quality of the water that irrigates the rice fields account to a great extent for the special taste and quality of this rice. A chemical analysis of all the three varieties has shown remarkable characteristics and health value of the rice. In particular, the black rice is rich in minerals (iron, phosphorus, and calcium), low in fat content and high in protein.

The business unit: The local rice farmers have established a Cooperative (Koperasi Tana Tam). The Cooperative is in charge of distributing the rice seedlings to farmers to ensure that the same variety is planted, conducting training in organic practices and quality control (ICS), and shipping and marketing the rice to Nunukan, the district capital, Tarakan, a major town on the coast, and Jakarta. The most crucial aspect for the marketing of this product is ensuring continuity of supply from the production zone to the market, that is transportation from the Krayan highlands of the Heart of Borneo to the coastal towns of Nunukan and Tarakan in East Kalimantan where the rice can be sold locally and also shipped to Jakarta (there is a high demand for black organic rice in Jakarta by food stores and restaurants). Processing/production. The rice is grown organically. The agricultural cycle of the rice is annual, with planting taking place in July-September and harvesting in January-March. Production of white “adan” rice in 2008 reached 36.9tons, red “adan” rice reached 4.9tons, and black “adan” rice 13.2tons (the percentage of farmers whose crops did not produce good yield this year was 8%).

Economic and livelihood value. Farmers sell the rice to the cooperative for Rp 6,000/kg and the retailing price in Tarakan/Nunukan is now (2008) Rp 15,000. 139 farmers in six villages comprising an entire subdistrict are involved in rice production. The rice shipped out and sold in 2007 amounted to 1.074ton for Rp 12,888,000, of which over 500kilos were sold in Jakarta (black rice). Transportation from the interior remains a key issue and a policy instituting favorable tariffs for transporting agricultural produce to the lowlands is also needed.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Theme Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Civil Society for Sustainable Development in HoB Cristina Eghenter (ceghenter@wwf.or.id) WWF Sweden (SIDA) 2010-2013, 2014-2016

Photo Description: 1. 2. 3.

Participatory mapping of customary lands in Malinau 2014 Public consultation on new district regulation in Malinau 2012 CBO/IPs representatives from Indonesia and Malaysia invited to HoB Trilateral Meeting, Brunei Sept 2013

Project Description: WHY this project Since 2010, WWF-Indonesia has started a new initiative in the Heart of Borneo supported by WWFSweden and SIDA: the organization of structured dialogues among civil society, experts, and local government to increase understanding and mainstreaming of issues related to green economy, good governance and sustainable development.

The island of Borneo, which is split among the three countries of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, is one of the most important centres of biodiversity and home to about half a million Indigenous peoples exhibiting a unique and rich cultural heritage. Borneo is endowed with high natural and social capital and the two are historically and effectively interlinked.

The traditional and sustainable governance of natural resources plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the unique and globally significant ecosystems which through their extensive goods and services underpin economic development livelihoods and well-being of those who live there. Governance demands that we consider all the actors and locations, including the civil society as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;core executiveâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in the process. When considering the management of natural resources in particular, one key focus will inevitably be that of local governance and the local communities, and civil society.

The role of civil society in the governance of natural resources in Kalimantan is still weak. While communities and CBOs in certain areas of Kalimantan have organized themselves into stronger civil society organizations and made their voice count around issues of rights, economic empowerment, access and management of natural resources (e.g. West Kalimantan and increasingly Central Kalimantan), in other areas the role of civil society is still inadequate and lacking political influence, especially in development processes. In some areas, local constituencies are emerging, but they are still fragile political constellations that need to be supported and strengthened to increase the level of accountability in equitable and sustainable natural resource management. indigenous Peoples (IPs), often organized in 62

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

ethnic associations and sometimes in advocacy constituencies for their rights, are an important part of the civil society, and deserve special attention and consideration. As IPs are most dependent on natural resources with large parts of their territories increasingly under timber and oil palm concessions, conflicts are not unusual and local people often become victims with little knowledge of the process and legal and policies options, thus hampering full participation and effective advocacy efforts. In the beginning: Public debates and civil society empowerment

The public debates or dialogues are one platform to share information, improve understanding, and strengthen participation in political and decision-making processes at all levels, to help establish the basic principles and strategies in support of pro-green and pro-poor development in Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo). ‘Green Economy’ is a relatively new discourse in development, and links to local development agendas, MDGs and sustainble development are still being explored and strengthened.

The dialogues are well tailored to help bridge a common gap in understanding, information, and action between levels of government, and between government, think tanks and academic institutions, and civil society, especially local communities. What and where

Several events have already been organized at district and provincial levels in West, Central and East Kalimantan. Coalitions of CSOs and CBOs have worked together with WWF, experts from academic institutions and the government to ensure meaningful discussions, exploration, and visioning for the future of the Heart of Borneo.

Some of the issues discussed include: identification of alternatives for pro-poor and pro-green economies to provide input for the drafting of district government mid-term development plans; social and environmental safeguards and food security for future economic growth; fiscal incentives for green economy; communities’ role in securing access and good governance of natural resources, including conservation. A good outcome

More than 600 people in several districts in three provinces have taken active part in the dialogues so far. The events have represented catalyst moments for generating awareness and commitment of organizations, local institutions,local and central governments and community groups around sustainable development and green economies in HoB.

There has been effective transfer of information and expert knowledge among decision-makers and civil society (economic models and instruments; fiscal incentives; conservation-based enterprises). The dialogues have also highlighted some issues critical for the future of HoB: food security, rights and role of Indigenous Peoples in the sustainable management of natural assets. These are all part of basic criteria and principles for how green economies can be more equitable and inclusive. One good example of public debate has been the 2-day meeting on Green Economies in West Kalimantan, 2012: Natural Capital meets Social Capital for more sustainable livelihoods in the HoB

It might not be so evident that charcoal or a kind of ‘black’ production could lead to a greener rural economy pathway, but the experience of the NGO Dian Tama and communities in West Kalimantan tell a different story, one in which green vegetation can turn black for greener results!

For years practitioners and local farmers have worked together with experts from Japan on how to produce good quality charcoal from burning the wood of locally planted and enriched plots, and sell it on the market as briquettes for use in energy efficient cooking stoves, organic agriculture and sustainable animal husbandry.

The ‘carbon minus capture& storage’ is a simple, efficient and environmentally sound technology with wide agricultural application. It is low cost and can be easily applied in developing countries contexts. It is a technology that capitalizes on the natural circulation of carbon on earth and the production of inorganic carbon through the carbonization of biomass that does not increase CO2. 63

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

A decade-long collaboration and the technology transfer from Japanese experts to local practitioners have laid the foundation for more sustainable farming (rice, vegetables). The char compost is produced and scattered in the fields and plots to increase soil productivity, it is mixed into the animal feed to increase resistance to common diseases, and also spread as a thin layer on the floors of animal sheds thus reducing smell and contributing to a cleaner environment. This is just one example of environmentally appropriate technology with great potential for application in rural situations and communities in the Heart of Borneo. Other, similar experiences of how to build sustainability and harness the rich natural resources in the Heart of Borneo to improve local livelihoods were shared and discussed at a meeting in Pontianak (West Kalimantan) in December 2012. This was part of the 2-year long series of public debates and seminars on Green Economy and sustainability in HoB. Over sixty communities’ representatives from the area, and a few participants from the Krayan Highlands in East Kalimantan, at the border between Malaysia and Indonesia, members of local NGOs and WWF, experts and academics from UNTAN, met for three days to discuss Green Economies, rural livelihoods and development needs of the communities in the Heart of Borneo with a special focus on the border area as a dynamic, emerging frontline for sustainable development in the Heart of Borneo.

The discussions showed how important it is to root a green economy concept into local reality, traditional practices and appropriate technology. Participants might have been quick at voicing suspicion and even criticism at high and theoretical concepts like ‘Green Economy,’ but they enthusiastically contributed and shared their own interpretations and explorations of green economies that can really help improve sustainability and transform their livelihoods. Community-based ecotourism enterprises, organic rice agriculture, wild honey production, handicraft making, these are promising economic, community enterprises that are built on two main elements: respect of local cultural and social values, and traditional practices; and good business sense with sound valuation of the natural capital and within the limits of the sustainable use of natural resources. Green economy and local livelihoods are coming closer together for sustainable development in the Heart of Borneo.

Why and how this important engagement will continue: WWF strategy for Heart of Borneo, civil society partnerships and development

The project was in many ways innovative for WWF, both with regard to the kind and focus of intervention, but also with regard to the mode of implementation of events in close cooperation with Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in the Heart of Borneo.

The empowerment of civil society has recently become the third and additional strategy of the Intergovernmental Heart of Borneo Global Initiative. This resulted from the realization that working with local and Indigenous communities and the broader Civil Society is essential to secure rural well-being and fair benefits. WWF has a role to play to help build larger civil society and multi-stakeholder constituencies for sustainable natural resource management and sustainable consumption. The bigger scale and scope of conservation interventions remain contingent on broader public and social support at various levels, and the fulfillment of basic principles of social and economic equity. Only these conditions can ensure longterm sustainability and political legitimacy of conservation in the HoB. WWF will continue to play a role to build larger constituencies for sustainable development, economic equity, and natural resource management. Only these conditions can ensure the long-term sustainability and political legitimacy of conservation.

The 2014-2016 project builds on the good results of the three previous projects during the 2010-2012, and 2013, period: Sustaining Life, Public Debates on sustainable development and Education for Sustainable Development. The evolution of the three initially separate projects and integration into one project will ensure better impact and support the empowerment of civil society in HoB in more effective and sustainable ways. Three main ‘intervention’ areas have been identified as focus to reduce poverty and empower marginalized groups to become recognized development actors and take part in meaningful decisionmaking processes about natural resource management and development. 64

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

1. Good environmental governance (capacity building, improved community rights, institutional strengthening, resource management, local regulations, land use planning and mapping, policy dialogues to influence planning and decision-making, etc.) 2. Rural well-being and green economies (village development planning, SL, opportunities for income generation from sustainable enterprises based on NR, food security, business plans and market links) 3. Support for civil society, platforms and partnerships at local level for sustainable development (youth platforms, ESD in schools, fora and trans-boundary local constituencies, IPs networks)

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale

Impact of REDD and Enhancing Carbon Stock (I-REDD+) Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Zulfira Warta, zwarta@wwf.or.id REDD Project Coordinator European Union July 2012 – June 2014

Project Description: At COP15 in Copenhagen one outcome was a commitment to develop a mechanism for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhancing carbon stocks (REDD+). There is, however, only a limited research basis for such a mechanism particularly with regard to the need for understanding and monitoring the impact of REDD+ activities on climate effectiveness, cost efficiency, equity and co-benefits.

I-REDD+ will approach these challenges from a truly interdisciplinary perspective. The overall objective will be to obtain an improved understanding of how the implementation of REDD+ mechanisms may 1) reduce emissions of GHG and maintain or enhance existing stocks of carbon in vegetation and soil of various land cover types; 2) impact livelihoods and welfare of local farming communities and differences between communities; 3) impact biodiversity conservation, and 4) provide a realistic framework for monitoring, reporting and verification of REDD+, including the importance of governance and accountability at multiple levels. To complement other research initiatives we propose to work in the uplands of Southeast Asia in the ‘Heart of Borneo’ Kutai Barat district East Kalimantan, Indonesia, and in the northern parts of Lao PDR and Vietnam, and Yunnan in Southwest China.

Rapid land use transitions from forest and shifting cultivation to other, more intensive land use systems and widespread forest degradation are occurring in these areas, making the potential for REDD+ particularly pronounced. Moreover, REDD+ may considerably impact on local economies, because of the high population densities in the region. The partners in I-REDD+ are leading research institutions in Europe and Southeast Asia, international research organizations, an NGO and an SME. The consortium has a strong emphasis on local dissemination and capacity development in order to ensure that project results influence REDD+ policy development at local, national and global level. Success stories:

Overall, I-REDD project contributed significantly to the WWF works of in the field on REDD readiness in West Kutai. The I-REDD project succeeded in providing expert input on approaches 66

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

and methodology in preparing the REDD program. Several project achievements become an important reference and model on REDD readiness in Kutai Barat as follow:

ď&#x201A;ˇ Participatory land used plan (PLUP), a participatory approach on identifying the existence and economic value of land use at the village level. The activities resulted such as: 3D village map, resolve village boundary conflict, land used plan, and economic value of village land use. WWF have been demonstrated methodology in 3 villages, Batu Majang; Penarung and Linggang Melapeh.

ď&#x201A;ˇ Participatory carbon measurement. REDD readiness required community participation. Community live around the forest where logging company work usually has long work experience on biomass measurement with company. And they can practice it for carbon measurement. WWF and partners in IREDD project had trained community on how they choose plot model (square or circle) and how they measure carbon above and soil; and how they collect and documented data. Participatory carbon measurement has demonstrated on community conserve area (CCA) in 2 villages: Linggang Melapeh and Batu Majang.

ď&#x201A;ˇ Land use planning and for low emission development strategy (LUWES). Kutai Barat used LUWES instrument for developing scenario to reduce emission from land use planning and development. This instrument was also used by East Kalimantan and national government on developing strategy to reduce emission green house gas.

Challenges and constraints:

Eventhough the participatory mapping and carbon measurement have be known by many parties, but usually the results does not well recognize. Based on the comparation study on carbon mesurement that conducted by community and expert, there is not significant result between thir measurement. But the cost of participatory carbon mesurement is more cheaper than others. So the chalenge is how to recognise the result of community carbon mesurement and mapping become product that can be reference.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Project Description:

The Kutai Barat Landscape: An Integrated Approach to Conservation and Sustainable Development Kutai Barat & Mahakam Ulu District, East Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Arif Data Kusuma, akusuma@wwf.or.id Kutai Barat Project Leader WWF-Sweden July 2010 – April 2014

Map 1. The ecological corridor KMNP and BKNP.

Kutai Barat is an important landscape within the Heart of Borneo (HoB). The district is exactly in the center of HoB (Figure 1), in between the national parks of Kayan Mentarang and Betung Kerihun and the proposed national park of Muller Schwaner. More than 60% (2.1 mil ha) of Kutai Barat’s 3.1 mil ha is forested. The project aims at conservation and sustainable management of natural resources as as a key part of Green Economy Where government, business and community value keys ecosystem services, stop conversion of natural forest, reduce GHG emission, and generate equitable livelihoods.

Located in between national parks makes Kutai barat plays an important role in connecting protected areas and ensuring sustainable forest management principle implemented on the ecological corridor area. There are many traditional practices also on community based forest management (CCA”S) that was contribute on halting deforestation in Kutai Barat forest landscape. Unfortunately kind of the traditional parctices still not acknowladge by goverment yet. So some of land used that was decided by goverment for developing purposed often conflicting with the local comunity interest.

The question is whether Kutai Barat’s 2.1 mil ha of forests will be managed in a sustainable or an unsustainable way. Kutai Barat’s economy is driven by forestry and mining sectors. Forestry contributes 12 percent of Kutai Barat’s GDP, with 1.5 million ha of HPH concessions and 156,000 ha of HTI concessions. Palm oil is set for rapid expansion, from the current operating licenses covering 90,000 ha to more than 500,000 ha based on already-issued location permits. As for mining, more than 450,000 ha have been set for coal mining concessions. Unsustainable practices in resource-extracting industries, alongside a lack of support for alternative land uses, present serious threats to Kutai Barat’s forests.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

To support a balance between conservation and development in Kutai Barat, this project will: 

  

Help to develop ecological corridors in Kutai Barat, endorsed by local and national regulation and enabling connectivity between Kayan Mentarang, Betung Kerihun, and Muller Schwaner. Encourage local government to acknowledge community-managed forests (Community Conservation Areas) and facilitate capacity on sustainable forest management at the local level. Help to develop conservation finance mechanisms such as community based ecotourism and renewable energy development, with a primary focus on halting deforestation through REDD+. Lay the foundation for the above activities through ecosystem-based spatial planning (also called “land-use planning” or “development planning”), using tools such as High Conservation Value Forests (HVCF), Responsible Cultivation Areas (RCA), and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST).

Success stories:

 The ecological corridor between Kayan Mentarang and Betung Kerihun has assessed and it has been proposed to adopt on the presidential decree about strategic national area in Kalimantan namely HoB.  There are 5 community conserve areas have identified and legalized by village regulation and recognize by district government, even one of the CCA namely Gunung Eno in Linggang Melapeh village has endorsed also by Bupati decree.  Succeed on facilitated development of micro hydro in Long Pahangai sub district that funded by matching fund between National and district budget. The micro hydro can produce electricity for basic need of 200 households and for sustainability purposed the villager conserve approximately 500 Ha catchment areas that had legalized by village regulation. This case gets intention from the Autonomy Award committee and the Kutai Barat district government got awards for innovative development category.

Challenges and constraints:

 Even the ecological corridor between Kayan Mentarang and Betung Kerihun already has endorsement from national spatial planning committee through presidential decree, however advocacy of land use on regional spatial planning in ecological corridor should be prioritized since the district also have authority to determine kind of land use proposed.  The Kutai Barat district had split with the new district Mahakam Ulu last year. Most of forested area will be part of the new district; approximately more than 90% of the total area is covered by forest. And for the new district they will need more area for development and economic growth, the consequence of this proposed will be increased deforestation.  Programmatic approach. Currently funding for Kutai Barat program still oriented as the project. Each project has different objectives, that is very difficult for program implementor consider kind of project objective into objective program

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Rhino Conservation in Kutai Barat Kutai Barat WWF-Indonesia Yuyun Kurniawan, ykurniawan@wwf.or.id Kutai Barat Forest management Coordinator Arif Data Kusuma, akusuma@wwf.or.id Kutai Barat Project Leader WWF Sweden, WWF German/BORA; WWF Japan (starting july 2014) July 2013 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; June 2015

Project Description Despite the existence of Indonesian bornean rhino (Kalimantan Rhino) have long been raised by explorers since early 20th century. The figure of this ancient creature have not yet well captured and thus its surviving population in Kalimantan is still doubted by many parties including conservationists and related authorities. To ensure its status in the wild, the Government of Indonesia addressed conservation strategy and action plan for Sumatran Rino in Kalimantan. Under this strategy and action plan, at least 500ha must be secured for second priority habitat of sumatran rhino and intensive survey and monitoring to detect the existence of surviving population in the kalimantan have to be conducted simustaneously. Incidentally in January 2013, WWF Indonesia team whom carried out orangutan survey and carbon measurement works succeed in discovering Rhino foot prints around the timber concession in Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan province.

The discovery was soon followed by joint survey that were involving local government staffs, Mulawarman university, Rhino Protection Unit (RPU), timber concession staffs, and local community. As results, team survey found more evidences of rhino footprints such as active mud wallows, the bites signs on leafs, marks on tree trunks, and other signs that indicated the area was used as feeding site by rhino. Thus to secure and maintain the area from any disturbance and threats may occured, the survey then followed-up with regular monitoring and installing camera traps in some places were suspected as rhino track and around active muds wallow. In September, the camera traps had succeeded to capture 5 images of Rhinos from 2 different spots. And the new evidence has published by ministry of forestry in the Rhino Range State Meeting last October in BandarLampung. Currently, our focused activities are securing habitats (monitoring and patrol), survey 70

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

and determine habitat management model on Rhino conservation. In addition, we will also conduct survey to determine the rhino presence in others pocket habitat, since based on the results of a social study we had identified there are three pockets of potential habitat of rhino.

Success stories •

• •

WWF had succeeded to encourage the involvement of local governments (West Kutai and Mahakam Ulu districts) to take a role in the rhino conservation in upper Mahakam. Both districts have allocated budget for activities and programs that help rhino conservation efforts, to rise local regulation to secure Rhino from any threats and mobilize any resources under their authorities such as military, police and customary leaders to ensure rhino protection existed. Forest managers especially logging concessionaires where this species existed encouraged to implementing further better management practices in synergizing conservation and timber exploitation activities. Local community’s pride to their biodiversity richness increased and voluntarily being local monitor to secure rhino and its habitat

Challenges and constraints • • •

Rhino habitat is not a conservation area, so it requires a special approach in developing conservation management and integrates it into related region development activites. Rhino habitat is relatively an open area, accessible by people from land and rivers. So that a special protection from poaching, illegal logging and hunting gather groups is required Since the main district splited, this area is part of the border of both districts and it still contested among two government

For the further activities WWF Indonesia have commitment funds from WWG Germany through BORA; WWF Sweden and WWF Japan

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Pictures

HoB's forest for carbon and environmental services Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia (for information) Arif Data Kusuma, akusuma@wwf.or.id Kutai Barat Project Leader (formerly Nyoman Iswarayoga (niswarayoga@wwf.or.id) NORAD via WWF US July 2011 – June 2013

Project Description Project Impact (Goal): To catalyze REDD+ governance and financing systems that provide incentives for replicating sustainable forest management and low carbon development at scale. Main Outcomes on Target Groups by 2015: 1. 2. 3. 4.

CONSOLIDATING JURISDICTIONAL REDD+ - Jurisdictional REDD+ frameworks are developed in at least three priority landscapes and nested within national REDD+ /Low Carbon Development frameworks that support payment for performance-based incentives REPLICATING JURISDICTIONAL REDD+ - Replication started in one additional landscapes nested within national REDD+ /Low Carbon Development frameworks

NATIONAL REDD+/LCD FRAMEWORKS AND JURISDICTIONAL REDD+ LINKED – At least one national REDD+ /LCD framework meets WWF 5 Principles and integrate subnational REDD+ programs that support performance-based incentives REGIONAL REDD+ COOPERATION - At least two REDD+ agreements support regional coordination and learning to improve the implementation of REDD+ and to manage cross border risks (e.g. leakage).

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

REDD+ LESSONS INFLUENCE REDD+ POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION -Key strategic lessons and practices from national and subnational REDD+ activities have been gathered and disseminated to REDD+ practitioners and decision makers to influence REDD+ frameworks and global implementation.

Success stories:

ď&#x201A;ˇ The FCPF (Forest Carbon Partnership Facilities) and Indonesian REDD+ task force/ agency are strategic partners who is also manage some funding to REDD+ in Indonesia. That both entities have acknowledged Kutai Barat as one of potential REDD+ site with Jurisdictional approach. Since they often recognize Kutai Barat on their slide presentation in international or national meeting.

ď&#x201A;ˇ WWF Kutai Barat works on REDD+ readiness also contribute to national REDD+ Building. E.g. Kutai Barat is one of site that used for field examination on developing national REDD+ safeguard namely PRISAI (principle, criteria, and indicator for Indonesian REDD+ safeguard).

Challenges and constraints

Since January 2013, Kutai Barat has separated with new district Mahakam Ulu. This situation will be impacted directly to process REDD+ readiness in Kutai Barat, moreover the existence of a new district will become a trigger to advance deforestation and forest degradation.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Project Description

Better Management Practices in Kutai Barat Kutai Barat WWF-Indonesia Wiwin Effendi , weffendy@wwf.or.id East Kalimantan Program Manager Arif Data Kusuma, akusuma@wwf.or.id Kutai Barat Project Leader WWF-US July 2011 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; June 2014

This project aims to begin the land swap initiative within the pilot district of Kutai Barat, within East Kalimantan. WWF is convinced that the land swap would enable the district to continue to develop its economy as well as provide for sustainable management of its natural resources. WWF will work with governments, companies and civil society organizations to:

1. Develop and promote adoption of policies and practices consistent with Land Swap & RIL 2. Eliminate incentives for oil palm plantations to replace high conservation value forests 3. Calling for transparent planning processes to achieve an optimal distribution of natural forests, plantations, agricultural areas, urban areas and other land-uses in a given landscape.

he goal of the project is by 2013, at least 94,000 ha of forests saved from deforestation in the district of Kutai Barat through land swap options.

Success stories

Various study related on developing land swap mechanism such as legal study; land tenure study; and land suitability have been conducted collaborate with local NGOs which specifically work on law and tenure issues. Challenges and constraints

Implementation land swap need high commitment from stakeholders especially government and the concession whose is mandated by government to deliver natural resource management busines. Some companies looks objected when it enggage to do land swap, since they considered of cost and dificulties on obtaining the permits.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Project Description

Develop biodiversity safeguard on the Ratah Timber logging concession Kutai Barat Indonesia Arif Data Kusuma, akusuma@wwf.or.id Yuyun Kurniawan, ykurniawan@wwf.or.id WWF Japan 2013-2014

Safeguarding biodiversity is increasingly required in any land management projects. It is not an exception for timber production in natural forests. In order to comply with the current international requirement, forest managers needs to safeguard biodiversity in their concession; safeguard measures need to be incorporated into their long- term management plan.

Safeguarding biodiversity is also in REDD+.   Under the currently negotiated, UNFCCC REDD+   scheme, each REDD+ operating nation or state will   have to safeguard biological diversity. Perverse   effects of REDD+ is one of the major concerns   because carbon stock can be enhanced in exchange   with biodiversity. For instance, enhancement of carbon through plantation is allowed in REDD+. Plantation of exotic fast growing species can be more cost-effective in sequestering carbon than allowing the re-growth of degraded native forests. However, if such plantations replace degraded native forests, biodiversity may be lost in exchange with carbon. As the negotiating text of REDD+ stipulates, REDD+ must be consistent with the conservation of natural forests and thus policies/systems to safeguard natural forests must be developed and implemented. There are the reasons why WWF Indonesia encourages timber industrial concession to consider biodiversity in their forest management. In this case, Ratah Timber is our pilot to testing biodiversity safeguard implementation in the logging concession.

Success stories 

 

The experiences from implementation of biodiversity safeguards in Ratah Timber concession become an interesting lesson to ensure the success rate of sustainable forest management and REDD+ in Indonesia. The biodiversity safeguards implementation in a logging concession in Kutai Barat has been examined by National REDD+ Task Force and its process was used in developing national REDD+ safeguards namely PRISAI. The biodiversity safeguard and its monitoring implementation contributed to the company’s performance achievement in obtaining their certification process.

The biodiversity safeguard provides real-time data and information related to forest dynamic affected by logging practice. This useful for forest manager in designing forest management plan and field workers to conduct their job carefully.

Challenges and constraints

The Biodiversity safeguard is a sensitive method to detect changes in biodiversity in relation to logging. This is also a cost effective-method to evaluate ecosystem health and management adequacy. We suggest that this method be duplicated in other concessions as a standard method to safeguard biodiverisity in land management projects. If species compositon is maitained over time, adequacy of management will be verified. Although all parties (government and private sectors) aware about the importance of biodiversity safeguards in achieving sustainable forest management, but most of logging company still have viewpoint if achieving of sustainable forest management doesn’t give direct benefit for the company.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Title/Project Name Location

National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

PROJECT INFORMATION

Orangutan Landcape Arut and Belantikan (Arabela) landscape in Ketapang district, West Kalimantan and Seruyan district, Central Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Chairul Saleh (csaleh@wwf.or.id ) Orangutan Conservation Program Coordinator WWF-NL Jul 11-Jun 14

Project Description The project is trying to protect viable population of orangutan in large scale landscape of orangutans remaining habitats of Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii consisting of three natural forest logging concessions of Alas Kusuma Group in West and Central Kalimantan, including PT Suka Jaya Makmur (FSC certified logging concessions) and PT Wanasokan Hasilindo (West Kalimantan) and PT Sari Bumi Kusuma Delang. (Central Kalimantan). The three of logging concessions are connected each other and form a large scale of orangutan habitat with the total areas around 400,000 Ha, including the protected forest in the logging concessions, in between the logging concession areas and between the provinces. This landscape laid are outside HoB areas, but connected to the HoB through another three natural forest logging concessions. This project are very important on the orangutan conservation perspective, especially in supporting orangutan conservation outside protected areas (PAs) and protecting one of key remain of orangutan population and habitats through the implementation of sustainable forest management by engaging natural forest logging concessionaries.

During the project implementation, the project supported natural forest logging concession of PT Suka Jaya Makmur received FSC certificate by prepared the company the orangutan management plan as part of certification processed. The management developed based on scientific data of orangutan population and distribution collected by WWF Indonesia. Orangutan management plant also developed for another two engaged natural forest logging concessions companies of PT Wanasokan Hasilindo and PT Sari Bumi Kusuma Delang where these companies under FSC certificate process which also supported by WWF Indonesia, included from GFTN-Indonesia. Survey of orangutan population and distribution was also conducted on in PT Sari Bumi Kusuma Seruyan-Katingan (Central Kalimantan), a certified logging concession which also under Alas Kusuma Group management. This logging concession is within HoB areas and connected to the Bukit Baka_Bukit Raya National Park. The project was also implemented community empowerment for the people in and surrounding logging concession of PT Suka Jaya Makmur through some following activities, such as strengthen PAMWIl (Pengamanan Wilayah), a community-based patrol who have formal collaboration with the company to protect orangutan and other wildlife and forest in the concession areas. WWF Indonesia was also signed this collaboration between these parties and supported to increase the PANWIL capacity relate to the 76

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

knowledge of orangutan conservation, survey and monitoring orangutans, regulation related to the species conservation and forest protection, identification of protected species, ect. Part of the community program was integrated the conservation of orangutans and environment into formal curricula to the schools in the villages in and surrounding logging concession of Pt Suka Jaya Makmur thorugh Education for Sustainable Devleopment program. Success stories

Protection of orangutan population of Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus outside protected areas (PAs), in large scale of orangutan habitats through engaging of private sectors and empowered of local community who live within and surrounding logging concessions by implementing of sustainable forest management. The commitment from the companies to implement sustainable forest management, including to manage endangered species orangutans as part of the companyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s management was also key factor which supporting this integrated of orangutan conservation. Challenges and constraints

The orangutan habitats landscape in these areas has potential threat in the future, including for the poaching activities since these areas are the remaining forest which manage in sustainable ways, while others surrounding areas of the landscape was converted into other non-forest utilization, including palm oil palm plantation. These landscapes are becoming as wildlife for poaching activities such a bird species beside for the local subsistence need by the local community, such as wild boar. The poachers mostly are outsider coming from other provinces or districts. Strengthen the local community who live in and surrounding natural forest logging concessions through awareness and education programs, including to develop an alternative livelihood is a strategic ways to prevent poaching activities within the logging concession areas. The government needs also to increase law enforcement activities to stop these illegal activities within the natural forest logging concession areas, including illegal logging and illegal mining.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Tittle/Project Name

Location

National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale Pictures

INTEGRATED ORANGUTAN CONSERVATION, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT IN THE ARABELA-SCHWANNER LANDSCAPE Arabela landscape at Ketapang, West Kalimantan and Seruyan districts, Central Kalimantan, Schwanner landscape at Katingan district, Central Kalimanfran WWF-Indonesia Chairul Saleh (csaleh@wwf.or.id) Conservation Science for Flagship Species Coordinator WWF-Australia Proposed for Jul 14- June 16

Project Description Bornean prangutan of Pongio pygmaeus wurmbii conservation project have been developed on large scale of forest landscape known as by WWF-Indonesia “Arabela-Schwanner”. The area covers the timber production forest and protected forest expanse between the Arut-Belantikan and Rongga-Perai landscapes in the west (“Arabela”) and the timber production forests surrounding the Bukit Baka-Bukit Raya National Park in the east which laid both in west and central Kalimantan provinces. The eastern part of the landscape is within the Heart of Borneo area. The objective of the project is to simultaneously promote the conservation of the Bornean orangutans and other animal and plant species inhabiting the Arabela-Schwanner landscape, the economic and social development of local communities and sustainable forest management in the major natural forest logging concessions and existing ArabelaSchwanner wildlife habitat corridor (comprised of timber production forests, protected forest and Bukit Baka-Bukit Raya National Park) are conserved into the indefinite future, and all logging concessions in the Arabela-Schwanner landscape implement sustainable forest management. The project is significant in supporting conservation of Bornean orangutan both in protected areas of Bukit Baka-Bukit Raya National Park, and mainly outside protected areas since approximately 70% of the orangutan population in Borneo inhabit timber production forests or other areas outside of national parks and other “protected areas”. In this project conservation of Bornean orangutans and other animal and plant species will be achieved by integrated program and activities comprised as follow (a) ensuring that natural forest logging concessions status are protected against converted to other “intensive” and non-forested uses, (b) implementing orangutans management plans in forest management plans, (c) reducing illegal timber cutting, hunting and mining (including by providing local communities with secure sustainable livelihoods/long-term income producing activities) and (d) increasing local communities’ natural resource management awareness and capacity. Social and economic development as one of main part of the project will be achieved by (a) providing local communities with secure sustainable livelihoods/long-term income producing activities and (b) promoting sustainable forest management through FSC certification and the implementation of orangutan management plans. WWF Australia committed to support this project for next three years. 78

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Success stories The project was extended from the previous project in Arabela landscape to the larger areas till to the Schwanner landscape within HoB areas consisting of Bukit Baka-Bukit Raya National Park and all the logging concessionaries surrounding the park. Two of the logging concessionaires within the Schwanner landscape named of PT Sari Bumi Kusuma Seruyan 窶適atingan and PT Sari Bumi Kusuma-Tontang are members of Alas Kusuma Group where WWF Indonesia have been close collaboration with this natural forest logging concessions company for orangutan conservation through implementing sustainable forest management. Another group within the landscape named Dwima Group who has four logging concessionaries surrounding Bukit Baka-Bukit Raya National Park have also committed to implement sustainable forest management and supporting orangutan conservation and have signed collaboration with WWF Indonesia. We will start the collaboration by conducting of orangutan population and distribution survey in one of the logging concession company this FY of 2014. Challenges and constraints

Strengthen the community-based patrol named PAMWIL at logging concession of PT Suka Jaya Makmur and replicate to other concessionaries within the Arabela-Schwanner landscape is important to increase the local community participation on the protection of orangutan population and its habitats and prevent of poaching and other illegal activities. Develop of alternative income for the local community who live and surrounding logging concessionaries through sustainable development program based on the local potential such as wildlife/nature/culture-based ecotourism and other activities is also need to develop to increase local community welfare as well as to prevent the threat from outsider. Furthermore, development of integrated orangutan conservation in a very large landscape consisting of natural forests logging concessionaries, national park and protected forest, as well as the local community who live in and surrounding the concessionaries in and surrounding HoB areas is also a big challenge to achieve.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale

Orangutan Work In Kalimantan

West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan WWF-Indonesia Chairul Saleh csaleh@wwf.or.id Orangutans Program Coordinator WWF Networks

Pictures

Project Description WWF Indonesia have been developed orangutan conservation project in some keys of orangutans population and habitats in Kalimantan both in an outside protected areas (PAs) such as Sebangau National Park (NP)-Central Kalimantan; Betung Kerihun NP and Danau Sentarum NP-West Kalimantan, and Arabela (Arut-Belantikan) and Rongapa (Ronga-Perai) landscapes. WWF Indonesia orangutan conservation outside protected areas have been started since 2010 by engaged private sector of natural forest logging concessionaries in West, Central and East Kalimantan. Included Arable landscape, Schwanner landscape and Kutai Barat district integrated into sustainable forest management implementation. Estimated at least 20 % of Bornean orangutan population are inhabit in all WWF Indonesia orangutan conservation sites. Orangutan conservation works implemented by WWF Indonesia through some keys activities such as orangutan research (population, distribution, nest decay, DNA, study, ect), orangutan habitat management, facilitate on law enforcement activities, engagement with local district government, community empowerment, education and awareness, orangutan-based ecotourism, integration as part of sustainable development, etc. WWF Indonesia contributed up date of orangutan population and distribution on some key of orangutansâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; habitats both in and outside protected areas, included Betung Kerihun NP, Danau Sentarum NP and corridor areas between these parks and Arabela landscape. Success stories Engaged in all key stake holders in orangutans conservation works, such as local community, local district government, private sectors (mainly natural forest logging concessionaries), build strong communication and collaboration with local NGOs and other NGOs on orangutan conservation work. Through intensive engagement, corridor between Danau Sentarum and Betung Kerihun national parks which connecting orangutans population in these two national parks established by Kapuas district government as District Strategic Areas. Build close collaboration with private sectors of natural forest logging concessionaires to integrated orangutan conservation into sustainable forest management is a strategic way to support orangutan conservation outside protected areas.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Strengthen and empowered local community including by developing income alternative are important in prevention of orangutan threas on population and habitats. Challenges and constraints Develop orangutan conservation works on large scale landscape that integrate with the economic sustainable development activities such as timber production and potential of economic development such as orangutan-based ecotourism. Law enforcement on orangutan poaching and destruction of orangutan habitats need to increase. Orangutan conservation program, including funding support in FSC certified natural logging concession of PT Ratah Timber-Kutai Barat, East Kalimantan which combine with Sumatran rhino conservation works. Integrate orangutan conservation works in and outside HoB with government planning to develop Kalimantan road map as the implementation of Presidential Decree No.3 of 2012 regarding of Kalimantan Island Spatial Planning which also mandated to develop ecosystem corridor in Kalimantan to support biodiversity conservation. Enlarge orangutan conservation works with the religion approach based on the Fatwa of MUI (Indonesia Moslem Leader Council) regarding of endangered species conservation (including orangutans) to support the balance of ecosystem.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name

Expanding FSC Certification through Ecosystem Services (Payment for Ecosystem Services)

Location

National Office

1) Sub ‐ village of Meliau and Peliak in Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia 2) PT. Ratah Timber, East Kalimantan 3) Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara WWF‐Indonesia

Lead (and emails)

Aditya Bayunanda abayunanda@wwf.or.id Forest Commodities – Market Transformation Program Leader

Funded by

GEF IV through UNEP (Global Environmental Facility IV through United Nation of Environmental Program)

Project time scale

October 2011 – October 2016

Pictures

Left picture: Discharge measurements and water sampling at Sesoat village, West Lombok Right picture: Training of forest carbon stocks calculation in PT. Ratah Timber, West Kutai ‐ East Kalimantan

Project Description: The objective of project is to develop an FSC standard for Payment for Environmental Services (PES). Project site is in West Kalimantan (eco‐tourism), Lombok (water) and PT. Ratah Timber in East Kalimantan (carbon and biodiversity). The project is to seek indicators for selected ecosystem services and to enable pilot site readiness for the indicators and standard testing. Key success stories: West Kalimantan  Monitoring and evaluation plan for several ecosystem values, such as Orangutan population, water, eco‐tourism and endemic fish species.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Lombok  

Management plan for community forest in Sedau village is develop to help community getting FSC certificate. The development of PES protocol for water as the continuation of existing payment for environmental services in West Lombok. The PES protocol is expected to be replicated in the East Lombok.

PT. Ratah Timber, East Kalimantan  The forest concession got FSC certificate on April 2012 through facilitation by GFTN.  Carbon assessment in Ratah, in collaboration with WWF East Kalimantan team and University of Kyoto. Key challenges and constraints:  Lack of knowledge about forest certification in the field, especially in Lombok and West Kalimantan.  Since the standard and indicators development are running parallel with other activities, the team find it difficult to track the progress of each activity because there is no guidelines.  This project was the first pilot of its kind, so there are no lessons learned from similar project as a reference.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name

Responsible Forest Management 1) BMP for Conservation of Endemic Species 2) RAFT II (Responsible Asia Forestry and Trade II) 3) Building the Capacity of Civil Society to Support Sustainable Forest Management (EU ACTIVE project) 4) Advancing a Legal and Sustainable Global Timber Trade Through the EU FLEGT Action Plan

Location

1) PT. Adimitra Lestari in Nunukan District, North Kalimantan 2) PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma Tontang, West Kalimantan and PT. Sumalindo Jaya IV, East Kalimantan 3) Heart of Borneo area (Central, West and East Kalimantan) 4) Indonesian Borneo island

National Office

WWF‐Indonesia

Lead (and emails)

Aditya Bayunanda abayunanda@wwf.or.id Forest Commodities – Market Transformation Program Leader

Funded by

1) 2) 3) 4)

WWF Sweeden WWF‐US EC through EU ACTIVE project EC through EU FLEGT project

Project time scale

1) 2) 3) 4)

July 2011 – June 2013 March – November 2013 January 2012 – June 2014 July 2011 – June 2015

Pictures

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Left side: taking GPS coordinate for monitoring and investigation activity in East Kalimantan Right side: Direct facilitation in preparation for FSC main assessment to PT. Adimitra Lestari

Project Description: Our work in forest management are aimed to eliminate illegal logging and promote best practice through the use of techniques such as High Conservation Value Forests (HCVF), Reduced Impact Logging, collaborative management with local communities, and the mitigation of human / wildlife conflict. We work with forest concessioners to advocate a shift in current business models that stress short‐term profitability (and environmental degradation) over long‐term economic sustainability (and environmental protection). GFTN also works directly with government and the private sector to support sustainable forest management. Much of this work occurs in Kalimantan, where the government‐sponsored, provincial‐level Heart of Borneo Working Groups are spearheading efforts to establish the precursors of a green economy in Kalimantan, providing for both economic growth and environmental conservation over the long term. With the local NGOs, we promote the formation of province‐based NGO coalitions to engage in policy discussions and in the TLAS process. We facilitate them with trainings to strengthen their skills in research, analysis, and the dissemination of information. This will allow for a solid, evidence‐based foundation for policy dialogues with government and the private sector and also help to build trade and investment as public oversight of TLAS improves market confidence in the legality of Indonesia’s timber. Key success stories:  In giving direct facilitation for GFTN and our potential members The Certification Action Plan (CAP) that developed between GFTN and FMUs (Forest Management Unit) became main guideline for implementing best management practice to achieve sustainable/responsible forest management system (FSC or SLVK or PHPL/ Indonesian Sustainable Forest Management System). Based on CAP, the conservation activities are integrated with daily activity in concession.  In conduct monitoring and investigation on the implementation of mandatory and voluntary certification Our collaboration with local NGOs coalition and community lives surrounding the forest area has proven to be effective in conducting ground‐truthing. With the investigation training that we conducted for them, not only we improve their capacity building; we also build a strong network with them.  In conducting training of trainers By facilitating a series of training for trainers for forest concessions and academics, we created a group of expert that in the future could assist our work in promoting sustainable forest management.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Key challenges and constraints: ď&#x201A;ˇ Lack of knowledge on the concept of sustainable forest management, both mandatory and voluntary; from the forest practitioners and local forestry government ď&#x201A;ˇ A lot of forest concessioner still see certification as a burden rather than our shared obligation to preserve the forests sustainability

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name

Responsible Trade and Sustainable Consumption Product 1) RAFT II (Responsible Asia Forestry and Trade II) 2) Promoting the Implementation of Timber Legality Assurance (FLEGT License) as a Key‐step to Sustainable Production and Consumption in Indonesia Wood Processing Industries

Location

East, West and Central Kalimantan

National Office

WWF‐Indonesia

Lead (and emails)

Aditya Bayunanda abayunanda@wwf.or.id Forest Commodities – Market Transformation Program Leader

Funded by

1) WWF‐US 2) EC through EU SWITCH project

Project time scale

1) March – November 2013 2) February 2013 – February 2016

Pictures

Left side: SVLK training for small medium enterprise industries in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan Right side: our work in PT. Sumalindo Jaya Lestari IV, published on Jakarta Globe, daily English language newspaper in Indonesia

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Project Description: Our work with responsible trade use multi‐stakeholder approach to promote production and consumption of legally verified and sustainable timber along entire supply chains. The action is build on the proven yet innovative approach of the Global Forest Trade Network (GFTN), and work through the framework of this network to upscale sustainable consumption product in the wood processing sector and support targeted industry to meet changing market requirements. In collaboration with other NGO’s and trade association, we promote tangible and measurable improvement for wood processing industries by facilitating adherence to Indonesian timber legality laws and ultimately verification with the Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS) and FSC. Our project aims to promote an integrated supply chain approach that supports market links between industry and retailers in Indonesia and Europe that galvanize market push / pull mechanism, help to green the supply chain and stimulate demand for sustainable products. We also engage with policy makers in national ministries to promote green procurement practices through the uptake of procurement policies by at least one government department that prioritize legal and sustainable timber for government purchase. This will provide a domestic incentive for change, supporting domestic demand for legally verified wood products. Key success stories: With multi‐stakeholder approach, we could reach more wood‐working industries in Kalimantan and promote sustainable and legally practice. Key challenges and constraints:  

Some industries in Borneo still use wood (raw materials) that doesn’t have a complete legality paper according to Indonesian Legality Assurance System. Lack of understanding on Indonesian Legality Assurance System and FSC by industry

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION WWF-MALAYSIA

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Rhacophorus pardalis, Harlequin tree frog, an indicator of good forest cover

Responsible Forestry in Sarawak Sarawak WWF‐Malaysia Henry Chan (hchan@wwf.org.my); Jason Hon (hjason@wwf.org.my) WWF‐Msia and WWF‐NL FY14 to FY16

Shorea platyclados, listed as Endangered under IUCN Red List of threatened species

Meshed fibre from the Eugeissona utilis palm is processed into sago starch

Project Description: The works focus on:  Promotion of High Conservation Value Forest (HCVF) and Best Management Practices in the Permanent Forest Estates  Enhancing Forest Governance in Sarawak

The module addresses the cumulative impacts from three threats of 1) unsustainable but legal timber harvesting, 2) conversion to timber plantation and 3) overhunting/overharvesting, that have resulted in severe environmental degradation and stress on biodiversity. In forests that form our Priority Conservation Areas (PCAs), we collaborate with the forestry authority and stakeholders to adopt HCVF assessments as a basis for managing the entire spectrum of the forest ecosystem that includes biodiversity value, landscape‐level forest, ecosystems, services of nature, basic needs of local communities and cultural identity of local communities. Our present focus is on follow‐up of HCVF assessment in the Kubaan‐Puak Forest Management Unit which is located within the Heart of Borneo landscape connectivity project linking Brunei to Indonesia through Sarawak. The activity includes implementing the HCVF assessment decision on establishing a Community Representative Community. The other is the forest management area adjacent to the Lanjak‐Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary and the Betung‐Kerihun National Park in Indonesia. Our work also looks at creating enabling situations to improve forest management in Sarawak through creating enabling circumstances for Sarawak to comply with Malaysia’s Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS).

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Success stories: The notion of Kubaan Puak Forest Management Unit linking up adjacent transboundary protected areas (Gunung Mulu National Park and Pulong Tau National Park) has resulted in the State Government adopting the transboundary landscape connectivity project under the framework of Heart of Borneo. Similarly, the idea of forest management area adopting Orang‐utan conservation plan to enhance the adjacent Lanjak‐Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary has been accepted by the Forest Department of Sarawak as a system of collaboration between WWF‐Malaysia, Forest Department of Sarawak and Ta Ann Holdings (the licensee). Challenges and constraints:

Recent emphasis by the state government on forest management certification in the Heart of Borneo areas has created both the opportunities and expectations from WWF to support the ambition towards the certification process. With its diverse involvements in forestry related activities worldwide and technical capabilities, WWF is seen as a trusted agency to partner with the Forest Department of Sarawak in achieving the goals of the State. Being a new program in Sarawak, we need additional manpower to handle the increased work‐load covering more than 1.5 million hectares, as well as Community Engagement and Education programme officer to support the establishment of Community Representative Committees. Nonetheless, the involvement of our trustee and Head of Conservation Sarawak, both social experts with in‐depth knowledge on forestry, would facilitate the process of community engagement.

Location of the Priority Conservation Area for Responsible Forestry in Sarawak

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Advocacy for Sustainable Hydropower Development Sarawak, East Malaysia, Borneo WWF‐Malaysia Belinda Lip (blip@wwf.org.my) Daria Mathew (dmathew@wwf.org.my) Heart of Borneo GI FY14‐FY16

Project Description: Sarawak plans to develop its 20,000MW potential of hydropower to meet energy needs for future industrialization under the Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy (SCORE). SCORE is a major initiative to accelerate economic growth, reduce poverty and create higher standards of living in Sarawak.

Development of large dams will create significant and adverse environmental and social impacts, if not properly planned and developed. Capacities, policies, regulations and governance structures to address the complex social and environmental issues associated with large HEP remains a challenge in Sarawak. The problem is compounded by lack of ecological information and knowledge to guide effective assessments of the short and long term environmental impacts.

WWF‐Malaysia’s advocacy for sustainable hydropower development aims to drive dam development in Sarawak towards adoption of more sustainable approaches which is guided by international standards such as the Hydropower Sustainability Assessment Protocol. We seek greater recognition on the importance of maintaining vital ecosystem areas and integration of their environmental needs into development planning. In the 3 years of FY14‐FY16, it will focus on getting fundamental environmental information necessary for more informed decision making. A key exercise is the mapping of freshwater priority conservation areas which will serve to facilitate advocacy for broader environmental impacts assessments, guide options assessment on dam projects, guide downstream flow assessments for nature and people and secure freshwater areas of importance under protection or sustainable management.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Map of Planned and Existing Dams in the Watersheds of Heart of Borneo Sarawak

MURUM HEP

BAKUN HEP

BATANG AI HEP

Source: Forest Department Sarawak

Success stories:

16 – 18 October 2012: Joint organization of a multi stakeholder participation capacity building workshop with Sarawak State Planning Unit and Sarawak Energy Berhad. This workshop provided one of the first avenues for constructive discussions between government agencies, dam developer and civil societies in Sarawak. 24 & 25 March 2014: Joint organization of a workshop with Sarawak Energy Berhad and Forest Department Sarawak to address issues of integrated watershed management in the Heart of Borneo for sustainable hydropower development. Priority conservation areas assessment and environmental flows were among the projects proposed in consensus by the participants to be put forth for consideration by Forest Department Sarawak to the State’s Technical Working Group at a later stage. Challenges and constraints: • • • •

Lack of freshwater ecological and species data to support identification of important freshwater ecosystem areas. There is differing views on the hydropower development between the State government and the dam developer with civil society, particularly community based organizations. It is challenging for WWF‐ Malaysia to maintain a balanced engagement between these differing views. A considerable amount of time needs to be spent in developing trusts before engagement can produce positive discussions with the State government. There is uncertainty in the continuation of funding availability for FY15 onwards. An estimated RM250,000 is required for effective implementation of project activities. 93

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Sarawak Programme, Protected Areas Strategy Sarawak WWF‐Malaysia Fadzilawati Zahrah Hamdan (fzahrah@wwf.org.my) General Fund FY14 – FY 16

Strengthening the Effectiveness of Sarawak well‐representative Protected Areas Network Sarawak has one of most extensive protected areas (PAs) networks in Malaysia, also referred to as Totally Protected Areas (TPAs). Created to preserve and conserve vulnerable ecosystems and endangered wildlife, the network presently includes 29 national parks, 4 wildlife sanctuaries and 8 nature reserves. These TPAs cover a total area of 800,000 ha, fulfilling 80% of the State’s policy goal to attain 1 mil ha TPA. WWF‐Malaysia envisions forest ecosystem protection and management through the maintenance of a viable, representative network of PAs in the most threatened and biologically significant regions of Sarawak. The goal, by 2020, is to achieve a Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool satisfactory score of 76% of the protected areas in order to maintain the biodiversity and ecological linkages, as well as additional gazettement of proposed TPAs in the state.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Mapping of Priority Conservation Areas through Conservation Spatial Planning Entire Sarawak, Borneo WWF‐Malaysia Jason Hon (hjason@wwf.org.my) WWF‐MY FY13 to FY16

Photos (left to right): 1. Brain storm session to strategize implementation of project; 2. Potential output of Priority Conservation Areas using MARXAN tool; 3. Stakeholder engagement.

Photo credit: Jason Hon / WWF Malaysia

Project Description:

Sarawak is known for its rich assemblages of biodiversity, many of them of significant global importance and that forested areas are vital for the continued persistence and survivability of many wildlife species. However, more and more natural habitats are becoming degraded or are being converted to other uses. The larger landscapes of Sarawak consist of various land uses, consisting of human‐made spaces, settlements, agricultural lands, production forests and natural habitats. Current extant of protected areas are relatively small in size, most of them existing in isolation and surrounded by other land uses. Consequently, the movements and habitat range of wildlife becomes more restricted. In view of the dynamic changes to land use in Sarawak, WWF‐MY embarks on the initiative to identify other forms of land outside of protected areas that are of importance for the conservation of wildlife. This is done through careful spatial planning approach to identify Priority Conservation Areas (PCAs). The PCAs will comprise of habitats of wildlife importance, and will ensure that good and sustainable management practices are carried out, which in turn, will increase connectivity, promote movements of wildlife and enhance coverage and functions of protected area network. Threats such as over‐hunting and direct conversion of forests can be focused upon and more effectively addressed to maintain the integrity of these PCAs. This project aims to collaborate with various stakeholders, including private companies and government agencies, in providing expertise and well‐informed decisions in the planning and managing of Sarawak landscapes for wildlife conservation. This project aspires to make WWF‐MY an active partner with the Sarawak government in managing its land and forests in a holistic and sustainable manner for the betterment of future generations.

The project will be carried out in multiple phases involving stakeholders engagement and capacity building for related government agencies. Engaging with stakeholders is crucial in this project in order to get the buy‐in and active participation from government agencies throughout the process.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

There are four phases of project implementation, namely: 1) Setting out the direction and criteria Brainstorm session has already been conducted together with regional WWF experts to determine the best strategies for Sarawak Programme to implement in this project. Other areas of concern such as gap analyses and stakeholder engagement strategies were also deliberated. 2) In‐house technical input and expertise consultation Experts within WWF‐MY from key areas of work such as forest, species, palm oil, freshwater, protected areas, policy and climate change will assist in the preliminary assessment of areas of conservation priority in Sarawak. Assistance of the Conservation GIS Unit within WWF‐MY will be sought in data preparation and analyses. A preliminary base map of Priority Conservation Area for Sarawak is expected by mid‐2014. 3) Capacity building and consultation with government agencies One of the key strategies that would ensure the success of this project is to obtain support from government agencies who are the custodians to land and resources of the State so that the sustainability of its application can be enhanced. A series of capacity building workshop planned for in between mid‐2014 and mid‐2015 will be conducted, aimed at improving technical knowledge and building a sense of ownership towards the output of this project. 4) Presentation to government for adoption Towards the end of the project, a key reference material for conservation planning through a systematic approach that is developed by various governmental agencies would have been produced. It is envisaged that a Priority Conservation Areas map for Sarawak will be presented to the government for endorsement, and hopefully to be adopted into its structure plan or policy in the future. Accomplished tasks, challenges and constraints: Despite the infancy of the project, we have seen some notable progresses.

The project started in November 2013 but multiple meetings to explain the concept of conservation spatial planning to map priority conservation areas for Sarawak have already been conducted with various agencies such as Forest Department of Sarawak, Sarawak Forestry Corporation, State Planning Unit and private logging companies such as Ta Ann Holdings. More meetings have been planned for the remaining of 2014 to involve as many stakeholders as possible.

The experiences of WWF counterparts in Kalimantan, Indonesia and Sabah, Malaysia were used to formulate the strategies for Sarawak, through a brain storming session held in December 2013. A strategy paper with work plan was produced.

Challenges are aplenty, considering that this a large scale project for the entire Sarawak that may affect how policy is formulated in the future.

WWF‐MY Sarawak Programme aims to continue engaging with the government agencies to build on a healthy working relationship to ensure the sustainability of this project. One of the major challenges is the lack of information or unwillingness to share classified information, even between governmental agencies, which may affect the smooth running of the project. Thus, the initial buy‐in is crucial and this may be overcome through consultative engagements and benefit sharing workshops, which the project plans to hold. One major constraint is the lack of funds to effectively carry out and implement this project towards the end. Full budgets for FY15 and FY16 have not been met. In FY14, an allocation of RM94,379 was given to this project. Cost is expected to increase to RM 230,780 in FY15 and RM237,008 in FY16 when the project is implemented fully to cater for more activities. A secured funding is vital towards the successful implementation of this project.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Community Engagement and Education – Sarawak Programme Sarawak WWF‐Malaysia Henry Chan (hchan@wwf.org.my) and Alicia Ng (kcng@wwf.org.my) WWF‐Msia FY14 to FY16

Project Description:

Empowering Local Community in Natural Resource Management and Environmental Protection The highlands of Borneo are located in the far interior of the island, in the “heart” of Borneo, and are divided between the neighboring and sovereign states of Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah) and Indonesia (East Kalimantan). The Highlands include the sub‐districts of Krayan and Krayan Selatan (East Kalimantan); Bario, often known as the Kelabit Highlands; Ba’ Kelalan and Long Semadoh (Sarawak); and Ulu Padas (Sabah). While administratively divided between two countries, the peoples of the Highlands share a common linguistic and cultural heritage, and a common homeland. The close ethnic and family ties of the people of the Highlands are one of the main reasons for the intense social and economic interactions that take place in the highlands across the international border between Indonesia and Malaysia. The indigenous communities of the Highlands are known as Lun Dayeh/Lun Bawang, Kelabit, and Sa’ban.

FORMADAT (Forum Masyarakat Adat Dataran Tinggi Borneo) is a trans‐boundary, grass‐root initiative that aims to increase and understand about the communities in the Highlands, maintain cultural traditions, build local capacity, and encourage sustainable development in the Heart of Borneo without risking the degradation of the quality of the social and natural environment. FORMADAT’s vision and pillars of interests are closely aligned to WWF’s conservation interests in the highlands of Sarawak. Success stories: July 2012 – FORMADAT presented memorandum to the government as signatories of the declaration on the heart of Borneo Initiative.

March 2013 – The interest of a government‐linked rice marketing agent in Adan Rice was piqued and they followed this up by conducting a workshop for the rice farmers in the highland. 97

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

August 2013 – Ecotourism trails identification with tourist guide association in Ba’ Kelalan and ready for further ecotourism product development. September 2013 – FORMADAT courtesy visit to government offices in Sarawak resulted in better recognition for FORMADAT. (e.g Ministry of Tourism planned a fact finding mission to Ba’ Kelalan and Mount Murud for ecotourism potential). October 2013 – Forest Department Sarawak (FDS) initiated the first meeting with FORMADAT. FORMADAT is recognized as the platform for sustainable development, conservation and ecotourism aspect in the highlands. Challenges and constraints: •

•

The identified FORMADAT areas cover both Sabah and Sarawak for HoB. Between 2011 to 2012, community work in the highland ceased to be funded by HoB. Since then, there has been lack of funding for: ‐ • Human Resources • Carrying out activities Acknowledging the lack of funding and resources to carry out activities, WWF‐Malaysia has identified a pilot area to work with. This resulted in other areas feeling somewhat neglected despite being assured that WWF‐Malaysia will replicate activities from the pilot area to other areas.

Up till 2013, there have been changes within WWF‐Malaysia. This has resulted in delays and changes in the ways that we work with FORMADAT. (e.g updated Sarawak conservation strategy, shifted from working in all areas to focusing on one pilot area, staff turnover). Because of this, the communities have expressed concern regarding the extent of WWF‐Malaysia’s commitment towards the collaboration. To address this, an Memorandum of Understanding between WWF‐Malaysia and FORMADAT Malaysia has been developed.

WWF‐Malaysia is a science‐based entity and lack required staff skillsets to explore market links and the business side of Adan Rice and Ecotourism.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time scale

Wildlife trade assessments in Sabah Sabah WWF‐MY Julia Ng (jng@wwf.org.my) WWF‐NL, WWF‐MY FY14‐16

Pictures

Pangolin scales (Photo credit to TRAFFIC) Bear bile sold in traditional medicine shop (Photo credit to TRAFFIC

Project Description: Poaching and wildlife trade is the second most important threat to wildlife in Sabah after habitat loss. An area opened up for logging or conversion to plantations will provide greater access for humans to enter the forest to hunt. The full extent of poaching is not known here in Sabah although it is estimated that poaching for trade will increase as many of the traded species are being wiped out from mainland Asia.

Other than conducting patrolling on the ground to prevent poaching, WWF‐MY is now expanding the work towards gathering information on the trade problem in Sabah, in collaboration with TRAFFIC, the wildlife trade monitoring network. The information gathered would then be used to combat wildlife trade through building capacity and awareness of law enforcers on CITES and setting up a multi‐agency task force.

Several trade assessments have been conducted in Sabah, which includes a preliminary assessment of the pangolin and bear bile trade, and wild meat availability in restaurants. Anecdotal evidence suggests that while the pangolin trade was already established in Peninsular Malaysia, the trade is now expanding to Sabah due to the decline of pangolin population in Peninsular Malaysia. Bear bile pills and gall bladders were observed in traditional medicine shops and Sun Bear meat in two restaurants in Sabah, which are illegal as the Sun Bear is a Totally Protected species.

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Success stories: TRAFFIC with support from WWF‐MY have already been working in the Borneo landscape, under the HoB banner since 2009. Several capacity building workshops were conducted on combating wildlife crime in Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei, which resulted in 11 judges/magistrates, 12 prosecutors, 22 airline and airport authorities, 53 officers from various enforcement agencies trained. These trainings conducted, along with WWF‐MY’s constant engagement with the Sabah Wildlife Department have raised awareness on the seriousness of illegal wildlife trade to a higher level among enforcement officers and other relevant government agencies. Challenges and constraints:

The illegal wildlife trade is the third largest illegal trade in the world after drugs and arms. This makes it difficult and dangerous for an NGO to work on such issues as safety is a major concern when WWF‐MY attempts to obtain information on the ground to stop these activities from happening. As most of the trade is illegal and conducted underground, attempts to monitor WWF‐MY’s successes from the activities conducted to combat such trade is extremely difficult.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

BUILDING RESILIENCE OF FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN LIWAGU, TAMBUNAN, SABAH Liwagu , Tambunan, Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Daria Mathew (dmathew@wwf.org.my) HSBC Bank Malaysia 4 Years (mid‐FY10 – mid FY14)

Project Description:  Official launch of the project ‐ officiated by Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Pairin Kitingan.  Photo credit : Rashidah Maqbool/WWF‐Malaysia

 

Forum with community leaders. Photo credit: Rosdi Kerisim

 Water quality assessment during the scientific expedition.  Photo credit: ITBC UMS

Project description: The project sought to address management issues in the Liwagu water catchment, a pilot site in the Heart of Borneo (HoB) landscape in Sabah State to safeguard its resilience to deliver freshwater resources and other ecosystem values for local communities’ socio‐economic enhancement and biodiversity conservation.

The project area encompasses about 11,600 ha, constituting the upland sub‐catchment of Labuk basin in the Tambunan district. The Labuk River is one of Sabah’s major river systems as identified in the Sabah Water Resources Master Plan 1994. The key issues include land use changes in headwater catchments for gravity feed system (GFS) water supply and ineffective community based fisheries management. As the project implementer, WWF‐Malaysia mobilized stakeholders’ participation and action by working in partnership with relevant stakeholders. There were three thematic work focus namely (a) improved management of forest in water catchment based on best practices, sustainable land use principles and ecosystem based approach; (b) enhanced conservation and restoration of aquatic species of high conservation importance; (c) enhanced capacity and participation of local community in natural resources management in the catchment. Map of the project site

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Success stories: 



Provided exposure, knowledge and training in various aspects of water catchment and natural resources management to the local community in the project area through series of community workshops and forums, GFS water catchments mapping workshop and field exercise, and scientific expedition.

Opened up platform and assisted the reactivation of existing community based fisheries management scheme (known as tagal scheme) via community forums and meetings as well as facilitating links for support from the Fisheries Department. Outreach to students and teachers in schools within the project area via the introduction of an environmental education programme and link with the Sabah Parks and JICA led River Environmental Education Programme (REEP). This translated to the enrolment of one of the schools in the project area into the Eco‐Schools Programme that provides a platform for participating schools to implement a holistic approach towards environmental and sustainability education.

Produced and disseminated information resources and tools (in the form of various publications and maps) that are beneficial in helping local community to be better informed and become more knowledgeable on the link between sustainable natural resources management in the catchment with their livelihood and quality of life while at the same time motivating them to take actions to safeguard their surrounding environment. Additionally, these resources and tools served to complement information needs for relevant authorities in catchment and water resources management that incorporate environmental and social aspects.

Challenges and constraints: 



Sudden decline in receptiveness of the local communities to the project activities towards the end of the project due to their misconception that WWF‐Malaysia had interfered with their land rights. This arise following rejection of application for land title by some members of the community whereby the reason given by the authority was that the area applied for by them coincided with land designated for gazettement as water catchment. This led to the community accusing WWF‐Malaysia of influencing and lobbying the government to reject their application as the Liwagu project involved advocacy for catchment protection. Numerous measures were undertaken to clarify the matter including through community forums and informal dialogues with village heads but the situation remained tense.

The field staff who spoke the same local dialect had built a good rapport with the community and had managed to gain the acceptance of a majority of the local community in the area. However, maintaining the relationships, frequent interactions and effective liaison with the community has proven to be challenging considering the large geographical area of the project with scattered residents and limited telecommunication facilities and road access. Due to the resignation of the field staff, the project unfortunately had no personnel on site for some time during the last half of the project. While project team members based at the main office in Kota Kinabalu had taken the efforts to be physically present at the project site regularly, this was insufficient to prevent gaps in the engagement and communication with the community. Recruitment process for a replacement of the field staff although was expedited, finding a suitable candidate willing to be based on site has also been a major challenge.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location

National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Sabah Terrestrial Conservation Programme (STCP): Module 8 (Water Pollution) Shortlisted priority river basins in Sabah: 1) Segama river basin 2) Sugut river basin 3) Milian‐Pinangah sub basin of Kinabatangan river basin 4) Padas river basin WWF‐Malaysia Daria Mathew (dmathew@wwf.org.my) WWF‐Malaysia General Fund 3 Years (FY14 – FY16)

Project Description: Photo credits for above pictures: Darsinah Pedro / WWF‐Malaysia

Project description:

Over the years, there have been increasing problems of pollution of rivers throughout the state of Sabah. The greatest pollution problem in most river basins in Sabah is the high load of suspended solids as a result of sediment pollution from poor soil conservation and runoff from logging, agriculture and construction activities. While high levels of sediment loads remain a major pollution problem, in more recent years, pollution arising from oil palm plantation runoff and palm oil processing/mills increasingly pose as a key threat to rivers in the state. This led to the Sabah government commissioning a major study in 2009 to assess impact of palm oil mills, oil palm plantations and other pollutants of five rivers in the east coast of Sabah. The study completed in 2011, came up with 17 strategies and 183 action plans to upgrade and clean up the rivers by 2020.

WWF‐Malaysia seeks to complement efforts by the government and other partners in addressing threat of water pollution on the riverine systems in Sabah. To ensure relevance, identification of key river basins was done via a mapping exercise of priority conservation area in Sabah using systematic conservation planning (supported by another module under STCP). Four river basins namely Segama, Sugut, Milian‐Pinangah and Padas have been shortlisted. Essentially, these are the river basins with substantial amounts of forest cover and other threatened biodiversity features, and which are also largely unprotected and/or possibly impacted by pollution, thereby threatening water quality for downstream human users and natural ecosystems. Further prioritization via a scoping study is being pursued to select the two most strategic river basins to implement freshwater conservation work focused on addressing river pollution issues. This is required to ensure more concerted efforts for greatest conservation outcomes and smart investment of limited resources.

The target stakeholders for the water pollution work are the private sector particularly oil palm companies and community especially those residing within the priority river basins. The work will look at engagement with the stakeholders on relevant interventions for reducing water pollution levels contributed by the participating oil palm companies and increasing community’s participation in tackling water pollution issues besides improving their access to related information. 103

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Map of the four priority river basins in Sabah for potential work focused on river pollution Sugut Milian-Pinangah Segama

Padas

Success stories: Considering the water pollution is a new work area for WWF‐Malaysia in Sabah (unlike most other modules in STCP which involve continuation / intensification / scaling up of on‐going work) and hence, it is still at early inception phase, no significant success has been achieved to date. However, good progress is being made with the following:  Arrangements to engage assistance of external expertise in the scoping study encompassing: o Mapping and identification of major pollution sources (by sectors and activities) to the rivers in the four shortlisted river basins; o Evaluation of the scale, risk and impacts from water pollution to natural ecosystems, population and economic activities within the four river basins; o Evaluation of key players and existing efforts in place to control / manage water pollution issues for each of the river basin; o Comparative analysis and recommendations on prioritization of the river basins for focused conservation work related to water pollution by WWF‐Malaysia.  Formulation of a communications plan jointly with the Sabah Programme Communications Officer including the key messages/content to be communicated and identification of potential leverages and communication platforms.  Practical training on river water quality monitoring undertaken with the WWF‐Malaysia freshwater project team in Peninsular Malaysia with assistance from an expert from Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Challenges and constraints: 



Due to financial limitations, dedicating full time staff to handle this module has not been possible. Only 3 man‐month of human resource allocation annually is provided, which is not ideal and can hamper work progress. Adaptive management is being undertaken involving alternative staffing arrangements and strengthening integration and coordination with teams from related modules under STCP. There was an oversight in ensuring sufficient and realistic time frame is set aside (also influenced by factors such as financial and human resource constraints) for the preparatory work of shortlisting and prioritizing river basins where the water pollution work will be focused.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Sabah Terrestrial Conservation Programme (Responsible Forestry) Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Elyrice Alim (ealim@wwf.org.my) WWF‐Netherlands/WWF‐Malaysia FY 14‐FY16

Pictures

Sabah Forest Department officers attending a capacity building workshop organized by WWF-MY at Telupid, Sabah (February 2014). The training was for camera trapping and GIS mapping.

Project Description: This module primarily promotes Responsible Forestry within the Sabah landscape. The main focus is to initiate a continuous engagement with the private sector, particularly the Sustainable Forest Management License Agreement (SFMLA) holder to manage their concession responsibly. Activities include capacity building on High Conservation Value management/monitoring and promoting better land use planning to halt the progression of natural forest conversion as guided by the Spatial Conservation Planning for Sabah.

Also, as part of GFTN Malaysia, there is continuous effort to promote and engage the forestry sector in getting areas to be credibly certified. In addition, the Module promotes the responsible sourcing of timber products within and outside of the landscape, supporting WWF network’s initiative of combating illegal logging and driving improvements in forest management.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Success stories: Although rare in other parts of the GFTN Network, GFTN in Sabah had recruited the Sabah state Forestry Department (SFD) as a participant. A new GFTN Participation Agreement was signed in February 2014. This marks another 214,033 ha of area committed for credible certification by SFD via the GFTN Programme. Since 2007, GFTN Malaysia had actively engaged with SFD to promote credible certification in this state, and provided support for the 291, 168 ha certified SFD area via GFTN. Challenges and constraints: Sabah had experienced a ‘change of heart’ to FSC Certification in recent years due to the strict rules of the scheme. A common case would be because the SFMLA is unable to commit to a limited portion of Industrial Tree Plantation (ITP) conversion. To be FSC‐certifiable, and as required by GFTN Rules of Participation, a company must first establish a Forest Management Plan (FMP) that commits adherently to the conversion rules. The companies are not able to do this because the concession granted to them (mostly in 1997 and after) are degraded of timber stock, and it is not possible to establish a sound income projection without a sizeable portion of ITP.

The MTCS (Malaysia Timber Certification Scheme) standard, endorsed by the PEFC (Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification) is currently more desirable for the SFMLA companies, as certification can be obtained separately for NFM (National Forest Management) and Plantation. Unfortunately, this inclination could lead to a future of mass monoculture, low biodiversity and profit‐first culture. Progression of activities relies heavily on the subject’s willingness and the art of corporate and authority engagement.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

@ Sabah Forestry Department

Year 2010 HoB International Conference on ‘Forest and Climate Change – Decoding and Realising REDD-plus in the Heart of Borneo (HoB), with specific Focus on Sabah’.

Financing Natural Forests through REDD+ Mechanism Sabah WWF Malaysia Javin Tan, sstan@wwf.org.my WWF‐Malaysia & WWF‐Netherlands FY14‐FY16

@ WWF-Malaysia/Javin Tan

Delegates attended the ‘Forest Green Economy and SouthSouth Cooperation’, side event co-organised by State of Sabah, Malaysia and State of Acre, Brazil in Rio Centro, Rio de Janiero on the 19th June 2012.

@ WWF-Malaysia/Javin Tan

Forest Carbon Measuring (Ground data collection) Training in Nepal attended by Sabah Government officers, November 2011.

Project Description: WWF‐Malaysia’s earlier work on ‘Supporting REDD+ Readiness for the State of Sabah’, through advocacy with Sabah Forestry Department has resulted in REDD+ becoming part of state development agenda. Our current follow‐up work as part of Sabah Terrestrial Conservation Programme aims to facilitate and contribute to further development of REDD+ in Sabah. The increasingly conducive political environment for REDD+ presents opportunities for REDD+ to become a reality in Sabah.

Turning this simple but appealing concept of REDD+ into action is complex and is greatly influenced by the design of global REDD+ architecture. With the current resources and capacity constraints in Sabah, most efforts are being currently channeled into ensuring transparent, reliable and credible systems and framework for monitoring and reporting changes in forest carbon. This includes developing state interventions to address drivers of deforestation and forest degradation and forest conservation through the setting of Reference Level and Reference Emission Level. WWF‐ Malaysia’s involvement in this process is expected to result in the following outcomes on forest and biodiversity conservation:  A Transparent and effective system established for monitoring forest land use changes;  Land use categories identified for reporting to international conventions (i.e., UNFCCC);  Strengthened state policies and procedures for improved management for biodiversity and environmental integrity; and  Resource allocation in Sabah for implementing interventions to address drivers of deforestation and forest degradation and for enhancing carbon stocks. Success stories: REDD+ is on the Sabah State Development agenda WWF‐Malaysia assisted the Sabah Forestry Department in preparation of its REDD+ Preparedness Roadmap for year 2011‐2015, establishing the State Operational Taskforce, and in overseeing the implementation of the Roadmap. As a result of our support to periodical capacity building for the Sabah Forestry Department, forest carbon has now been added as ‘Forest‐Produce’ in Sabah Forest Enactment 1968, demonstrating the commitment of Sabah in moving towards a sustainable future from forest carbon. As part of implementing REDD+ Roadmap and in preparation for REDD+ Advance Readiness for Sabah, four Technical Working Groups have been established for formulating and developing the technical requirements.. 107

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

WWF‐Malaysia and WWF‐Brazil, coordinated the signing of a 2‐year ”Memorandum of Intent (MoI) on South‐ South Cooperation to Develop Forest Based Green Economy” between the State of Sabah and State of Acre, Brazil. This MoI brought the states together at a side‐event in Rio+20, entitled ‘Forest Green Economy and South‐South Cooperation’, to discuss efforts to develop forest‐based economies where trees not only remain standing against the tide of deforestation, but do so in a way that supports local communities, through partnership with NGOs and the private sector. This MoI additionally demonstrated the commitment of Sabah in moving towards a Green Economy agenda.

REDD+ Demonstration Sites of Sabah State reduce potential Carbon Emission As part of the implementation of Sabah REDD+ Preparedness Roadmap, three sites, namely Mt. Kinabalu ‐ Crocker Range ECOLINC, Upper Kinabatangan and Kampung Gana, have been identified as demonstration sites. The activities in pilot sites include capacity building and demonstrating the potential carbon emission reduction and removals through local community involvement and engagement. 42,000 ha of forests in the pilot sites remaining in various levels of degradation will be temporarily (and eventually fully) locked up for conservation, while leading to sustainable livelihood of local communities. Lessons learned and capacity built through these sites would further strengthen the development of Sabah REDD+ policy and thus contribute to the full implementation of Sabah REDD+ framework for sustainable forest carbon development. WWF‐Malaysia has contributed to the process which resulted in this success story of the Sabah government. Sabah Forest Monitoring System, in the making

A credible and transparent monitoring and reporting system is crucial for linking the activity on‐the‐ground (demonstration sites) with associated emissions reductions and removals. Hence, a coordinated Sabah Forest Monitoring System with associated reporting and monitoring protocols and procedures are being developed as part of an EU funded project. WWF‐Malaysia is participating in the process of development of the forest monitoring system. Challenges and constraints: Monitoring and assessing of forest land and forest land‐use changes A WWF‐Malaysia run forest monitoring system for forest land and forest land‐use change is very useful but is yet to be developed due to resource and capacity constraints. Such a monitoring system will provide information (based on remote sensing data) on forest land‐use changes, establish spatial and temporal relationships between drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, help track their impacts over time, support in developing measures to address the driving factors, facilitate engagement with stakeholders, and overall support developing strategies to reduce emissions from forest sector. Importantly, information from the WWF system is useful for strengthening WWF‐Malaysia’s engagement with government agencies through constructive inputs for development of credible and transparent Sabah Forest Monitoring System. Assessing and Communicating the Economic Values of forests

Recognizing the value of forests and to use market mechanisms to drive sustainable management, conservation and protection of natural forests is a goal of WWF‐Malaysia. This economic recognition will ensure mainstreaming of the values into policies and government decision making. There have been many efforts around the world that have sought to establish a trading system for ecosystem services, which includes watershed services, carbon sequestration and those resulting from biodiversity. However, a key challenge is to measure the ecosystem services and to translate them into economic values. Our organizational capacity for assessing and communicating these values is crucial for ensuring that the values of standing natural forest is recognized by all.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Reforestation & Rehabilitation of Orang‐utan Habitat in North Ulu Segama (Bukit Piton Class I Forest Reserve) Northern Ulu Segama, Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Maria Fung (mfung@wwf.org.my) and Fredinand S. Lobinsiu (flobinsiu@wwf.org.my) WWF‐JP, WWF‐NL, WWF‐UK, WWF‐DE, AEON Corporation and Sen Heng Electric Sdn Bhd FY09 to FY17

Project Description: The great majority of Sabah’s forests, other than some totally protected areas, have been heavily logged since the 70’s causing a severe damage to existing wildlife habitats and impacting vital wildlife corridors. The degree of damage will require several decades or even centuries for the natural forest regeneration to attain a satisfactory biodiversity level adequate to provide and sustain wildlife habitats. North Ulu Segama was once under threat of conversion to oil palm plantation, as it was severely degraded by high impact logging and an earlier El Nino drought‐caused fire. In 2007, WWF‐Malaysia decided to reforest the area and thus expand the habitat and enhance the food resources for the endangered orangutans inhabiting the area.

The Forest Restoration Programme initiated by WWF‐Malaysia since 2008, is a mitigation measure to address the depleting forest cover in Northern Ulu Segama, to restore wildlife habitats and promote ecosystem recovery so as to mitigate the threat to flagship species, especially the Orang‐utans. In collaboration with the Sabah Forestry Department, WWF‐Malaysia has been directly implementing and managing forest restoration activities to restore a total of 2,400ha of degraded forest in this area. The targeted area is one of the 7 identified key habitat areas for orang‐utans which is located at the northern part of Ulu Segama Malua forest reserve (FMU21). The restoration of orang‐utan habitats is the primary objective of WWF‐Malaysia’s presence in North Ulu Segama.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Map of North Ulu Segama showing level of degradation prior to project commencement (2008)

Success stories: 29th March 2012 – WWF‐Malaysia’s close working collaboration with Sabah Forestry Department have contributed to the reclassification of a total area of 11,612ha in Northern Ulu Segama from Class II to Class I Forest Reserve which was renamed Bukit Piton Class I Forest Reserve. July 2012 ‐ orang‐utan nests were spotted on planted Binuang trees in block 110/14

January 2013 ‐ an orang‐utan was spotted using a planted tree of species Laran (Neolamarckia cadamba) for travelling, by swinging from tree to tree, in a pilot project in block 109‐1.

January 2013 ‐ evidence of orang‐utan feeding on bark of planted Laran tree were seen in Compartment 110 June 2013 ‐ an orangutan was seen using a planted tree for travelling, in block 110‐4 (FY10 Planting phase)

October 2013 ‐ an adult male orang‐utan was spotted using planted trees for traveling, in compartment 111‐6 (FY10 Planting phase) Challenges and constraints: • • • • •

Appointed reforestation contractors’ internal management problems and manpower issues Unconducive weather conditions hampering ground work, e.g., heavy rains flooding access roads and washing away culverts and prolong dry spell effect on newly planted seedlings Lack of funds to open up old logging road and to maintain important road access to the affected blocks. Limited sources/supply of tree seedlings WWF‐Malaysia is a science‐based entity and lack required staff skillsets to contract and manage a commercial business enterprise, i.e., contracting and management of reforestation contractors. (a steep learning curve for current reforestation work with financial losses).

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PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Pictures

Sabah Terrestrial Conservation Programme: Responsible Oil Palm Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Max Donysius (mdonysius@wwf.org.my) WWF‐Malaysia FY14 to FY16

Project Description: Since 1980s, large‐scale oil palm plantations (OPP) have gained precedence over timber industry to provide economic revenue for the state of Sabah. The total projection of oil palm plantations for Sabah is to expand to 1.6 million ha of oil palm plantation. As of Dec 2012, it was already 1.4million ha; this means that there are still about 160,000 ha of land that is likely to be converted. But it is entirely possible that the figure may be increased to include even larger areas in the future. The decision of the state government to bring down timber harvesting to sustainable levels had resulted in low forest revenue of only RM120 million for 2013, the lowest since 1973 and this would continue to fall to about RM50 million per annum for the next 20 years (Sabah Forestry Department Director – November 11, 2013). The low revenue can be a justification for the government to potentially push for more oil palm development in order to balance off the declining revenue from timber.

The oil palm work in Sabah focuses on engaging with OPP within priority areas identified through a systematic conservation planning process to promote maintenance and management of such areas. The oil palm work also looks at early intervention whereby any new expansion of OPP does not happen in a High Conservation Value area. Engagement with the OPPs includes identifying the sustainability issues at the areas that these OPPs are operating and engaging them on how best to address these issues (for e.g. constructing wildlife bridge for wildlife movement, tree planting along riparian reserves, integrated electric fencing, etc.).

Promotion of RSPO certification is also an important activity; RSPO certification offers some benefits of due process ‐ e.g. HCV assessment before conversion and the promise of adherence to a number of environmental principles and criteria. As of May 2013 the total certified oil palm plantation in Sabah is 277,660 ha (i.e. about 28.5% of the total 974,343 ha of certified OPP in Malaysia) and there are still some RSPO members in Sabah who have yet to start the certification for their plantations. The certified area is still only 19% of the oil palm area in Sabah. WWF‐Malaysia is also working closely with other local NGOs through a coalition in Sabah called ‘Malaysian Palm Oil NGO Coalition’ or MPONGOC in short) to address oil palm‐related matters.

Success stories:

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

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There are currently 2 OPPs that have MoU with WWF‐Malaysia for setting aside their flood‐prone lands as conservation land (i.e Sawit Kinabalu‐1,260ha and Genting Plantation‐86.5ha). Both are in the Kinbatangan‐Corridor of Life area. There are 2 OPPs that had constructed about 10 wildlife bridges (i.e. at their own costs) within the Kinabatangan‐Corridor of Life area. These bridges were constructed to ensure safe movement of the wildlife within the wildlife sanctuary. Engaged with few OPPs to cut down oil palm trees which were planted inside riparian reserve and replaced with local species trees.

Challenges and constraints:  •

Getting information (for e.g. location maps of OPP) from key agency (e.g. MPOB) was difficult. We are still trying to source from other department that may have such information (e.g. Dept of Agriculture) There are still markets for non‐certified palm oil, which can be a hurdle to promote RSPO membership and/or certification to the OPP.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Sabah Terrestrial Conservation Project – Module : Poaching and enforcement Sabah, Malaysia Petaling Jaya, Malaysia Sharon Koh ( skoh@wwf.org.my ) 1 July 2013 – 30 June 2016 (FY14 – FY16)

Pictures:

Celebrating World Wildlife Day on 2 March 2014

Seized carcasses from WWF’s anti-poaching unit while on patrol

Workshop with the enforcement agencies to decide on the Standard Operating Protocols

Project Description Poaching is the second most important direct threat to the wildlife in Sabah after habitat loss. The full extent of poaching is not known although it is estimated that poaching for trade will increase as many of the traded species are being wiped out from mainland Asia. Therefore, other than conducting patrolling on the ground, it is also important to increase law enforcement efforts in Sabah. Enforcement teams in Sabah have to be well equipped and trained for maximum efficiency of actions at every level of the law enforcement chain. This module consists of four main components: 113

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

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Increase prosecution and enforcement capacity, including proposing Standard Operating Procedures for the Sabah Wildlife Enactment. Engaging stakeholders from businesses like palm oil and logging companies to form collaborative management programmes to prevent poaching and manage human‐wildlife conflicts Combating illegal wildlife trade Reducing retaliatory killings by resolution of conflict between humans and elephants

Success stories 1. 2.

3. 4.

A successful “Formulation of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Wildlife Conservation Enactment 1997” workshop was organized by WWF‐Malaysia (Sabah) on the 13th & 14th of February with input from the Sabah Wildlife Department. The SOP formalized by this workshop will be endorsed by the Director of SWD upon finalization and will be shared with other law enforcement agencies.

A Street Performance Event in conjunction with World Wildlife Day (3rd March) and WWF‐Malaysia (Sabah)’s zero poaching campaign was held in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah’s weekly Sunday Market in Gaya Street on the 2nd of March. Activities during the event included volunteers dressed up as hunted wildlife species lying dead on the road, pledging by the public not to consume wildlife and an acapella performance. The event spread awareness against poaching and gathered many public pledges against wildlife crime.

12 officers of the Sabah Forestry Department were trained to use SMART (Spatial monitoring and reporting tool) for patrolling and monitoring in March 2014. This will improve the monitoring of enforcement efforts on the ground.

WWF‐Malaysia conducted a series of joint patrolling activities with relevant law enforcement agencies and other NGOs every month since Dec 2013. The joint patrolling in December resulted in the team confronting 5 poachers with several animal carcasses including a Red leaf monkey which is a Protected species.

Challenges and constraints 1. 2.

Combat new/upcoming illegal poaching tactics. Loss of elephant habitat will lead to increase of human‐elephant conflict.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time Pictures

Mt. Kinabalu surrounded by clouds.

Protected Areas (establishment & effective management) Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Tan Hao Jin (hjtan@wwf.org.my) WWF‐UK, WWF‐NL & WWF‐MY FY14‐16

An aerial view of primary forests in Danum Valley

Oil palm terrace close to a forest reserve. The foreground shows newly planted (2-3 years old) palm trees with empty bunch used as organic fertilizer

Project Description: The purpose of the Protected Area strategy is to ensure a better coverage and management of protected areas, given both ecological needs as well as international commitments under CBD. An increasing coverage of protected areas will, if planned properly, increase survivability of key species and stabilisation of key habitat. In line with optimising the PA network it is equally important to optimise its management through introduction of appropriate management measurement tools such as METT and through capacity building of staff responsible for PA management. The latter is also of crucial importance as the National level is currently engaged in a Protected area financing project (initially only in Peninsular) for the purpose of identifying how PAs can be better funded on a performance based system. The key roles of WWF‐Malaysia will be to develop strategies on protected areas identification, tools for managing effectiveness and support to capacity build the related agencies. Success stories: A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed with a stakeholder, Yayasan Sabah, which manages two protected areas in Sabah (Danum Valley and Maliau Basin). With this MoU, WWF‐MY will help capacity build rangers and management staff on aspects pertaining to wildlife monitoring using camera traps, conducting patrolling using SMART training and also on fire management. Sugut Forest Reserve has been identified as a priority conservation area and preparations are in place for the forest reserve to be gazetted as a protected area by the end of 2014. Challenge and constraint:

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To create a network of protected areas with has continuous tract of natural forest

To identify priority conservation areas consisting of different ecosystem types which are resilient to future climate change events (e.g. el nino, prolonged droughts & fire)

PROJECT INFORMATION 115

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

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Sabah Terrestrial Conservation Programme: orangutan habitat and connectivity Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Donna Simon (dsimon@wwf.org.my) WWF‐UK FY14 to FY16

Restoration

Photo Description: Tree sp :Bayur (Pterospermumsp) Compartment/Block : 111‐6 (FY10 Planting phase) OU spotted using planted trees for canopy travelling

Project Description Habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation are among the major threats for orang‐utan survival. There are 11,000 orang‐utans left in Sabah and only 65% of the population is within protected forest. The goal of this project is to maintain the current population size of orang‐utan through the restoration of degraded orang‐utan habitats and connectivity work. A blueprint for forest restoration in Sabah in collaboration with the Sabah Forestry Department will be developed as a basis for future restoration work and promoted to Industrial Tree Plantation contractors and to other environmental NGOs with an interest in forest restoration. The blueprint will contain a forest quality map indicating key restoration areas such as important corridors or priority areas for orang‐utans. Fine‐resolution mapping and field surveys i.e vegetation assessment and aerial surveys using drone or helicopter will be used to identify potential areas for restoration. The scope for implementing the forest restoration covers the whole State of Sabah. Success stories

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

WWF‐Malaysia is currently still mapping degraded orang‐utan habitats in Sabah and ground inspection is still in progress. Three areas were identified so far for restoration and connectivity work potential which includes Madai Baturong Forest Reserve, managed under Sabah Forestry Department. This reserve is a small forest reserve separated by an oil palm plantation strip from the larger Ulu Kalumpang Forest Reserve. A request was made by the Sabah Forestry Department to WWF‐Malaysia to verify if there are any signs of orang‐utan presence in the reserve. WWF‐Malaysia conducted an aerial survey using a drone at Madai FR to look for signs of orang‐utan presence and to assess forest cover from above. Orang‐utan nests were spotted from the drone images which indicated presence of orang‐utans in the reserve. In addition, the drone detected some parts of the forest that were encroached by illegal logging. A report was made to Forestry Department and relevant action was taken by them. A proposal will be sent to the Forestry Department after all field data collection is done which will include potential habitat connectivity between Madai Baturong and Ulu Kalumpang Forest Reserves. For areas where past forest restoration work had happened, there have been signs of orang‐utans using the planted trees for canopy travelling and nesting. Challenges and constraints

The main challenge for the forest restoration work is to raise funds to pay for such activity. Not only are funds needed to buy seedlings and plant the trees, but money is also needed to maintain the road access to some of the forest blocks targeted for restoration.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails)

Funded by Project time scale Pictures

Advancing a legal & sustainable global timber trade through the EU FLEGT action plan

Sabah WWF‐Malaysia Dr. Khang Aun Pan – Head of Terrestrial (WWF‐MY) panka@wwf.org.my Valerie de Liedekerke‐ Programme Manager Forests FLEGT (WWF‐ UK) VdeLiedekerke@wwf.org.uk Nicholas Fong – FLEGT Coordinator nfong@wwf.org.my Leanne Marian Hong – FLEGT Communications Officer lmhong@wwf.org.my EC funded through WWF‐UK July 2012 – December 2015

1) A view of a logyard in SFI, Sipitang Sabah 2) Indigenous people group at the ‘Capacity Building Needs to Support FLEGT in Sabah’ workshop organized by WWF‐MY 3) Timber waste yard at Deramakot Forest Reserve, Sabah

Project Description

‘Advancing a legal and sustainable global timber trade through the EU FLEGT action plan’ will target FLEGT processes in Malaysia to enable effective implementation of FLEGT Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPAs) and secure an increase in legal and sustainable timber flows. Malaysia is important because of the opportunities this project offers to work through some of the blockages encountered in the negotiations thus far. The actions fully support the aims expressed in the EU FLEGT Action Plan to strengthen governmental frameworks, ensure legality of timber exported from those countries to the EU and thus develop incentives for the partner countries to move towards sustainable forest management.

The action facilitates awareness raising and effective stakeholder participation, ensuring support for a VPA process that is acceptable to all and capable of securing both good forest governance, a legal and sustainable timber and wood product trade, delivering equitable benefits to local and indigenous communities. The action also facilitates the monitoring and evaluation processes necessary to determine the success of the VPA implementation and hold governments to account on the inclusion of relevant stakeholders in the VPA process. Implementing innovative solutions covering the policing, monitoring and verification requirements to secure improved governance and control along the chain of custody are aimed at ensuring the strengthening of the forest governance structure in each of the countries and the export of legal and ultimately sustainable timber and wood products to the EU. Success stories

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No success stories as yet. 118

Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

Challenges and constraints 

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Limited capacity and lack of encouragement of NSAs to engage authorities in forest governance dialogue means their needs and concerns are not accounted for in national processes and they are unable to hold governments to account. The erosion of forest rights also impacts the livelihoods, security, health, education and mobility of forest‐dependent communities, further marginalizing them. Poor enforcement of forest laws/ineffective institutional mechanisms to control and regulate illegal logging means independent Legality Assurance System and independent verification systems are needed, to assess the legality of forestry operations, while ensuring key points of a credible LAS are not lost at the national level implementation phase. Lack of accountability and transparency in the negotiation and implementation phases of the VPA is a barrier to proactive participation and inclusion of key stakeholders to secure the viability of the VPAs in the long term. The lack of open and transparent information sharing and lesson learning, as well as dissemination of best practice in VPA negotiation or implementation hampers the ability of partner countries and the EU to improve forest governance and increase legal and sustainable trade flows. Small and medium industries do not have the capacity nor resources to implement supply chain management/ CoC.

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Project Information WWF Borneo Programme

PROJECT INFORMATION Title/Project Name Location National Office Lead (and emails) Funded by Project time

Preventing total extinction of Sumatran rhino in Sabah Sabah, Malaysia WWF‐Malaysia K. Yoganand (kyoganand@wwf.org.my) WWF‐NL, WWF‐UK, WWF‐DE, AREAS 1 July 2013 – 30 June 2016 (FY14 – FY16)

Project Description Sumatran rhino is on the verge of total extinction in the wild in Sabah. The last few rhinos remain in Danum Valley Conservation Area, with camera‐trapping evidence gathered so far confirming just one female rhino. A few scattered rhinos may persist in other parts of eastern and central Sabah and two are in captivity in Borneo Rhino Sanctuary (BRS). Considering that there are very few rhinos left and that they may not constitute a viable population, the plan is to capture the remaining rhinos in the wild and bring them into captivity.

Current status: Probably fewer than 10 rhinos left in wild in Sabah. Threats: May die off naturally or get poached out. Needs: Capture from wild and relocation to captivity. Project goal: All remaining wild rhinos in Sabah are brought into captivity for internationally coordinated captive breeding by June 2015. Strategies: Patrolling & Enforcement; capture for relocation. Key activities being carried out: 1. Patrolling for protection of rhinos in Danum Valley Conservation Area (DVCA) until capture; 2. Identifying locations of remaining rhinos in DVCA for capture through camera‐trapping and surveys; 3. Supporting capture of rhinos for translocation to BRS. Success stories A female rhino was first photo‐captured in January 2013 and has been monitored through camera‐trapping over the past year. Traps were set up to live‐capture the rhino in July 2013 and are in operation until now. The rhino was captured on 11th March 2014 and the field teams are tending the rhino currently in capture site in preparation for its translocation to BRS. The results from population surveys were successfully used to influence Sabah government policy on capture of rhinos from the wild and for transfer of captive rhinos to other breeding facilities.

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