howwedu German 512. Project 4. Session 8.
app 1 Die Frau heißt Anne. Anne hat ein Haus. Es ist hier. Anne geht in das Haus. Sie ist allein in dem/im Haus. Sie bleibt in dem/im Haus. Du hast ein Haus. Max, du und ich gehen in das Haus. Wenn Max und ich gehen, bist du alleine im Haus. Ich gehe. Max geht. Du bleibst allein im Haus.
The woman’s name is Anne. Anne has (got) a house. It is here. Anne goes into the house. She is alone in the house. She stays in the house. You have (got) a house. Max, you and I go into the house. If/When Max and I leave, you are alone in the house. I leave. Max leaves. You stay alone in the house.
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howwedu German 512. Project 4. Session 8.
notes 1 Basic Word Order Note that like in English, the word order in the most simple sentences is subject–verb(–object), e.g. I am learning German. Die Frau heißt Anne. Sie ist allein in dem/im Haus. Sie bleibt in dem/im Haus.
The woman’s name is Anne. She is alone in the house. She stays in the house.
Genders of nouns Note that in German there are several articles for English the and a. These articles correspond to one of three genders. ein Garten – a garden (masculine) eine Frau – a woman (feminine) ein Haus – a house (neuter) der Garten – der garden (masculine) die Frau – die woman (feminine) das Haus – das house (neuter) For nouns referring to persons, the gender of the word corresponds to the person’s sex (except for a/the girl – ein/das Mädchen (neuter)). For other things, gender assignment seems relatively arbitrary on a logical level. There are however many patterns in the word structure that facilitate learning, e.g. all nouns ending in -chen are neuter, all in –tion are feminine and so forth. It can be worthwhile to have a look at these patterns when you know some more vocabulary that you can apply them to. Remember that all German nouns are capitalized.
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howwedu German 512. Project 4. Session 8.
Verbs in the Present Note that verbs in the singular usually have the following endings. ich gehe – I go. du gehst – you go er/sie/es geht – he/she/it goes Ich gehe.
I leave.
Du bleibst allein im Haus. Du hast ein Haus.
You stay alone in the house. You have (got) a house.
Die Frau heißt Anne. Anne hat ein Haus. Es ist hier. Anne geht in das Haus. Sie ist allein in dem/im Haus. Sie bleibt in dem/im Haus.
The woman’s name is Anne. Anne has (got) a house. It is here. Anne goes into the house. She is alone in the house. She stays in the house.
The Cases There are four different cases (forms) for German articles and nouns, depending on whether the noun they belong to is the subject or the object of the sentence (I vs. German in I am learning German).
1. 2. 3. 4.
They are: the nominative – who/what? the form of the subject: I give the book to Annie. the genitive – whose/of what? indicating possession: My parent’s house. the dative – whom/to who? the form of the indirect object: I give the book to Annie. the accusative – who/what? the form of the direct object: I give the book to Annie. Moreover, some prepositions are always followed by a certain case.
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howwedu German 512. Project 4. Session 8. das Haus – the house (nominative) in dem Haus – in the house (dative) Not every case of a word is necessarily different (e.g. the nouns in the singular usually stay the same in nominative, dative and accusative). Sie ist allein in dem/im Haus.
She is alone in the house.
im Note that in dem (in the) is usually contracted to im (dem is dative singular of das). Sie ist allein in dem/im Haus.
She is alone in the house.
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