Application Portfolio for Interaction Design Program

PORTFOLIO Head, Heart, Hands Yu HUANG

yuhuang7.com hyangel80797@gmail.com +86 177-1433-1620 B.Arch, Southeast University, China Portfolio for Application to DFI Program Delft University of Technology

It’s all about heart.

I enjoy using both my head and hands. I will figure out innova�ve solu�ons to complex problems with my head and realize my thoughts by hand. To top it off, it’s heart that connects the head with hands. It’s all about heart.

Head 01 Social Impact | Moo UI/UX Design A pla�orm that makes nearby tradi�onal delicacies easily available to people

07 Healthcare | To Star UI/UX Design A pla�orm that

Hands 13 On Cloud Nine Interac�ve Installa�on

16 Snowflake Schema Stole Digital Fabrica�on

Head, Heart, Hands

“ My heart is in the work. ” ——Andrew Carneige

MOO

A platform that makes nearby street food easily available to people

Street vending is one of the most common form of informal economy. The situations of the street vendors pose many problems since their activities originate traffic disruption and are considered to degrade the landscape within the city.

Therefore, conflicts between urban street vendors and city regulators have become a common urban sight in Chinese cities. On the other hand, the large number of citizens visiting street stalls reflects the invisible huge demand for the vendors.

This product focusing on vendors aims to formalize the informal street vending activities so that they can coexist with the city management system and continue bringing convenience to citizens.

2019.10 - 2019.11 Individual Work (Personal Project)

01

THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY MORE THAN

91.9%

91.9% of citizens have bought things from street vendors.

81.8%

57.0%

30,000,000 STREET VENDORS IN CHINA 71%

71% of street vendors’ only source of income is street vending.

81.8% of citizens think street vendors bring conve nience to their life.

69.1%

69.1% of street vendors do not have high school diploma. The illiterate rate is 3.7%.

57.0% of citizens think street vendors can boost urban economy.

89.6%

89.6% of street vendors’ monthly income is less than 2,000 RMB.

THEY CAN MEET THE NEEDS OF CITY LIFE.

BUT THEY ARE BEING MARGINALISED. Background Photo Taken on Dec. 22nd, 2019 in Jinxianghe Road, Nanjing

INTERVIEW & REASEARCH I conducted 15 semi-structured interviews and 2 contextual inquiries to find common features in street vendors and their real needs, attitudes towards regulators, and motivations of running stalls. I also asked the municipal officials about their difficulties in regulating street vendors. I referred to the latest regulations on street vending.

Here are the findings and actionable insights I concluded from research:

Street Vendors Features Policies

Stakeholders

Motivations

Characters of Mobile Stalls Affinity Analysis

Who are they?

Low education level Unemployed Migrant workers

Why are they special?

Mobile Cheap and convenient (time-space feature) Human (communication) Informal (without liscence)

Motivation of running street stalls

Flexible working time which is good for family.

No rent.

Easy to change the place according to the people flow. Circumvent the city management.

Afraid of extra charges for registering.

Do not know about the latest regulations.

Transitional/part-time job. Accumulate money for self-employed private enterprise.

Related Regulations

According to the latest regulations, street vending is allowed in paticu lar zones. It stipulates a demarcation of vending zones into “restric tion-free vending zones", “restricted vending zones" and “no-vending zones".

INSIGHTS VENDORS Unable to get access to the latest regulations timely. (Most vendors don’t know the 3-level vending zones.)

Willing to obey the regulations if the vending zones can take their business demand into account. (For example, the restriction-free vending zones should be some places with large target-customer flows.)

CUSTOMERS Vendors play an indispensable role in bringing convenience to urban life.

Worried about the food quality in stalls though it is really cheap.

Buying food on site sometimes wastes much time waiting if there are many people.

Without easy and quick channels to report if the street vendors bring nega tive impact, such as pollution or noises.

CITY REGULATORS Hard to supervise all the vendors given their huge amount.

Head-on confrontations with vendors bring negative effect.

Hard to implement the standardization of street vendors .

02

POSITIVE EXTERNALITY

NEGATIVE EXTERNALITY Offer job opportunities for the bottom class

Pollute the environment and degrade the scenic quality of the city

STREET VENDORS

Occupy the streets and block the traffic flows

Bring convenience to the city life

Lack of standardization and food safety can’t be guaranteed

Carry forward the folk art

LOVE-HATE RELATIONSHIP

TUG-OF-WAR ON PUBLIC SPACE

STREET VENDING

HOW MIGHT WE

CIT Y MANAGEMEN T

Create emotional connec tion in modern society

SIDENTS CIT Y RE

Invigorate the street/community life

Severe conflicts with the municipal officials

Upset the fairly com petitive market

realize standardization without conflicts? help to boost the vendors’ business? help the concerned authorities to make policies? relieve customers from worries of food quality?

IDEATION: TURN CHALLENGES TO OPPORTUNITIES I synthesized the different needs/aims of street vendors, customers and city regulators and found the geospatial data is an important yet untapped information resources that should be collected and well used. I conceived the concept of [ DATA MAP ] . The diagram below shows how this core feature along with other features satisfies multiple needs.

CI T Y REGULATORS

[ QUALITY ASSURANCE ] All vendors on the platform must have business liscence which guarantees the quality ( eg. food safety). [ REAL TIME VENDOR MAP ] Know whether the vendors are in business and where the vendors are. Easy to find the vendors that meet the need. [ ORDER ONLINE ] (For food vendors) Order in advance and take the food as soon as arriving at the stall instead of wasting time waiting.

RESIDEN TS CI T Y

T VENDORS STREE

CO N N

E CT ION

[ STANDADIZATION GUIDANCE ] To register for the app, vendors need to apply for a business liscence, which can help the authorities to facilitate the standardization process. [ FREE VENDING ZONES MAP ] Get alert when crossing the forbidden line. [ HOT VENDING SPOTS ] Based on the analysis of the order distribution during the past 3 months through AI, it can accordingly recommend customized vending spots for vendors.

[ DATABASE ] Each vendor registering for the app makes the database, which can record and store the information of each vendor. [ REAL TIME VENDOR MAP ] Easy to check whether the vendors stay in the approved area. [ THERMODYNAMIC MAP OF ORDER ] The frequent demand spatial distribution statistics help the planner take the customer need into account when designating the approved selling areas.

03

SKETCHES & MVP I quickly sketched out the user interfaces and made the 1st version of prototype.

EXPLORE

MENU

FILTER

ORDER & CHOOSE PICK-UP SERVICE

USER TEST After finishing the MVP(minimum viable product), I conducted several user tests with think-aloud protocols. Then I made several iterations based on the results of user tests. Here are some of my findings: 1. The classification tags are confusing; 2. The search bar is not clear; 3. The pick-up service choice card is not so clear that users might have difficulty understanding what each card means; 4. It’s a little bit awkward to have more steps after paying. think aloud

ITERATION : EXPLORE SECTION(CUSTOMER) 1st Version

2nd Version Proper elevation system Change the relationship of layer in user interface to reinforce affordance and signifier. Put the contents card layer above the layer can make After iteration, users will intuitively scoll up or down the contens card to hide or show the map above it.

Entering the full-screen map mode, users can scoll and the card below to see the location of different stalls. Selected card will be larger so that it can present more information of the stall, such as the rate, the per capita consumption level, and the distance. The map will also show the shortest route accordingly.

04

ITERATION: PICK-UP SERVICE SECTION(CUSTOMER) 1st Version

2nd Version

Presenting more information on card will encourage people to choose those 2 special pick-up service instead of just picking up by themselves.

Combine 2 steps into 1

The original userflow requires users to pay first, then to choose the pick-up service. Besides, the pick-up time is filled up in the first step, which might reduce the number of potential helpers/people who need help if the pick-up time is determined.

Combing these 2 steps into 1 will enable users ‘foresee’ the results of choosing different services. For example, if users choose a pick-up time but find there’s nobody in that time period can help, they can also change the time to see what time is appropriate. Likewise, users who want to help others to pick up will be able to decide what time to pick up so that they can win themselves most coupons.

USERFLOW

05

FEATURES 1.Ease the Process of Formalization

IN

FORMAL

Formalization of informal street vending has always been a tough task for city regulators. In Moo, vendors need to upload documents including the business licence to set up an account on the platform. This will relieve the pressure on city regulators of forcing them to register and get licences. Meanwhile, after the review of their uploaded materials, those files will be saved to the database, and they will be easy to manage and invoke when needed.

2.Different Data Maps Meeting Different Needs REGULATION REALTIME MAP

HOT SPOT RECOMMENDATION

The map, as the core feature of our product, can meet different needs of different people. 1)For customers, real-time map of vendors will make sure they won’t miss any traditional delicacies.2)For vendors, they will get the latest policy on the decarmation of vending zones. Besides, they can be recommended with hot vending spots according to their sales status. 3)For government, real-time map of vendors also provide the instant information of each vendor. What’s more, order distribution map and violation distribution map can inform the planners/policy makers of theexisting status thereby being able to make evidence-based policies.

3.Novel Pick-up Service Help Others Helped by Others Self Pick-up

Given that the consumption often happens in the populated regions, the orders are probable from the same area. So it will be possible to pick up for or by others nearby. In this way, pick-up will become an interesting game, in which people can win coupons. People can also save themselves a trip by requesting people nearby to pick up for them. This kind of novel way of pick-up can be quite fun and also strengthen neighborhood relationship.

4.Multiple Carrying Platforms

MOO

The product can be integrated into different platforms, such as Google map, Wechat mini program, and so on. Without specifically downloading the app, people can also enjoy the convenience brought by the product. Besides, intergrated into different platforms, the product can be easy to popularize.

For Government - Database The information of each registered vendor will be stored in database, which is easy to manage.

The authoroties can also check the submissions from newly registered vendors online. After checking, information in the database will update accordingly.

TAKEAWAY

For Government - Thermodynamic Map The geospatial distribution data of orders can help the city regulators understand the geospatial characters of market demand, thereby making informed policies.

1. To understand the root cause of one problem, try to see the whole system. Here we should delve into the relationship among customers, vendors, and regulators.

2. To solve the problem, bear the whole system in mind but try to start from a clever point to impact the whole system.

3. Many social problems come from the asymmetry of information. A platform that can help enable everyone in the ecosystem get access to the useful information will alleviate this kind of problem to great extent.

For Government - Realtime Map This map indicates the realtime location of each vendor. If possible, it can be connected with monitoring system, so that city regulators can easily do monitoring job.

For Government - Bulletin The authorities can publish the latest policies. The vendors can get them immediately.

06

To Star

A handy toolkit for parents of the autistic and a cloud-based ecosystem collaboration platform that connects different parents, specialists, doctors.

The autistic, also named as the children of stars, are a special group of people whose number is larger than we expect. In China, there are almost 2% of children are autistic. What’s worse, the medical resources for diagnosis and rehabilitation is limited. So we designed this product to alleviate this kind of situation by encouraging and guiding parents of the autistic to implement PII(Parent Implemented Intervention) at home. At the meantime, it can help to facilitate the communication between parents and doctors/rehab specialists, which can help make better use of available medical resources.

2019.09 - 2019.10 Group Work (Course Project) Co-work with Jingyao JI, Runlang WANG My Role: Desk & Secondary Research, Competitive Analysis, Ideation, Prototyping, Visualisation

54%

Language Language

Language Language

STATISTICS

OPINIONS

• High Rates of Au�sm EXPERT

“Home training is elementary, consecu�ve, long-term. It demands enduring and scien�fic educa�on ideas. Parents play an pivotal and unique role throughout the process of rehabilita�on. They are indispensable.” (Fuxin LIAN, Huizhong HE, 2011)

“Parents being under high pressure can nega�vely influence the effect of early interven�on. Hence parents should pay close a�en�on to their mental states and ac�vely relieve their pressure.” (Osborne, McHugh, Saunders & Reed, 2008) Almost

DOCTOR

2% of children are au�s�c in China.

• Late Start in Research on Au�sm

1982, the comprehensive and thorough study on Au�sm just began in China.

60 years later than America, ABA(Applied Behavior Analysis) was first introduced into China in 1978 and was not promoted widely un�l 1990s.

In

INSTITUTION

“Lots of parents are not familiar with au�sm and do not accept the fact that their children are au�s�c. They rely too heavily on the ins�tu�ons and hold the opinion that their kids will be able to obtain self-care ability and recover only with the help of ins�tu�ons, which brings much difficulty providing relevant training to parents. ” (a Xinjiang ins�tu�on)

• Insufficient Rehabilita�ng Resources

18 BCaBAs(Board Cer�fied Assistant Behavior Analyst). There were less than 300 doctors specializing in au�sm.

Up to Aug. 2016, there were only

中国自闭症教育康复行业发展状况报告（Ⅱ） Blue Papers on Needs of Parents with Autistic Children in China

CONCLUSIONS • • • •

Parents are important in the process of rehabilita�on.

Many people s�ll hold wrong opinions towards au�sm.

Not only the state of children should be paid a�en�on, so is that of parents.

Home training requires professional guidance.

07

INTERVIEW

parents play an important role in the process of rehabilita�on HOWEVER...

THINK

93.3%

LONGING FOR SPECIALIZED GUIDANCE 70% of parents demand specialized guidance when at home while 93.3% of them unable to get it yet.

LACK OF RELEVANT TRAINING ON PARENTS

79.1%

85% of the parents desire receiving systema�c training on PII(parent-implemented-training) while 79.1% of parents don’t get the traing yet.

FEEL Negative: -Unbelievable -Fearful -Desperate -Lonely -Worried -Stressed -Panic

HOPE TO RECEIVE RELEVANT INFORMATION

75.3%

-Is it a misdiagnosis?

-What caused my child ill?

-Which rehab center should I take my kid to?

-Am I doing right in PPI? -What if I cannot take care of him/her in the future?

-Who can I ask for help?

-Discover unusual circumstances -Take the kid to hospital.

-Receive the diagnosis.

-Verify the results.

-Send the kid to rehab center.

-Begin to learn more about autism.

-Try parent-implemented-intervention at home but have lots of problems.

Positive: -Love -Hopeful -Firm

-How ill is my child?

-What should I do to treat my kid?

-Has my child's treatment progressed?

-To what extent can my child recover in the future?

74.8% of parents hope to receive informa�on of profession/policies/laws and regula�ons while 75.3% of them don’t have channels for receiving relevant informa�on.

DO

SAY

68.5%

NEED FOR MUTUAL SUPPORT 81% of the parents wish to join the parents’ organiza�ons for mutual support while 68.5% of them don’t have this opportunity.

The Good News Is ...

71.6%

STRONG DETERMINATION 71.6% of the parents are determined to con�nue their children’s rehabilita�on and educa�on in any case.

中国自闭症教育康复行业发展状况报告（Ⅱ） Blue Papers on Needs of Parents with Autistic Children in China

PAINS • Cannot contact specialists in �me in emergency.

• Lack of professional parent-implemented interven�on knowledge.

• Difficult to maintain a regular life order.

• O�en feel distressed..

GAINS • Relevant diagnosis • A rehabilita�on plan • Guidance from rehabilita�on specialists • Reminder of the training tasks • Relieve the anxiety

PERSONA

COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS Birdhouse gives you the tools to organize meds, supplements, & therapies, and easily keep track of things like food, behaviors, moods, sleeping habits, & more, so you're in control and your life's that much easier.

+Target People +Features

Bai Li (mother) Age : 34 Posi�on : Jinan Character : mother of Yiyi Day : full-�me job Night : assist Yiyi in training and living • She ac�vely led the children in diagnosis, treatment and training.

However, she o�en had doubts about her child's recovery and her own support work, resul�ng in more serious anxiety.

+Technology

Yiyi (daughter)

Caregiver Record & Track log everything about your child's day; help to find meltdown triggers, pa�erns in behavior; knowing what works and what doesn't in approach Digital Pla�orm

VISUAL SCHEDULE

Age : 4 Diagnosis : Mild au�sm at 2

The first wearable picture-based scheduler. The app’s accessible design helps build deeper understanding of �me management and and important schedule-related concepts.

• Basic learning and self-care ability is weak. Need a whole process accompany.

+Target People +Features +Technology

Caregiver & Au�s�c Children Visual Schedule Visual Schedule’s intui�ve user interface makes it easy to create a picture-based, personalized daily schedule.

Cross-device(wearable)

Pain points • Communica�on with the rehabilita�on teacher can only rely on language descrip�on which is not �mely and accurate. Child's situa�on can not be correctly and fully conveyed.

• Not skilled enough in training, can not properly cooperate with the child.

The work of caring for children with au�sm is complex so that o�en being overwhelmed by lack of planning and reminders.

• Lack of convenient means to �mely record the child's situa�on.The child's emo�onal changes and stereotyped behavior can not be recorded and reflected back to the rehabilita�on teacher.

• O�en feel anxious and want to communicate with other parents of au�s�c children.

Time Timer’s visual depic�on of “�me remaining” provides stress-free �me management at work, school and home to make every moment count.

+Target People +Features

+Technology

Everyone Visual Timer An innova�ve visual �mer designed to “show” the passage of �me through the use of a patented red disk that disappears as �me elapses.

Visual Design

08

INSIGHTS

Communica�on with rehab specialists is inefficient.

DESIGN DEFINITION

It’s hard to organize daily life for parents of the aus�c.

Parents o�en want to quit because of no instant effect.

Parents are worried about the rehabilita�on situa�on.

Keeping track of trivial things is troublesome.

HOW MIGHT WE

ToStar serves as a handy toolkit for parents of the au�s�c and a cloud-based ecosystem collabora�on pla�orm that connects different parents, specialists, doctors.

facilitate communication with rehab specialists aid daily monitoring and recording remind parents of the intervention tasks guide the implemention of PII alleviate the anxiety of parents

DATA SYNCHRONIZATION

INSTANT RECORD

VISUAL SCHEDULE

SPECIALIZED GUIDANCE

EMOTIONAL SUPPORT

The core func�ons including visual schedule, data synchronisa�on, recording, and so on serve as the handy toolkit for parents of the au�s�c.

ECOSYSTEM MAP

A virtual community for parents of the au�s�c makes it easy for parents to connect, which provides them more opportuni�es to express their feelings and get encouragement from others.

The product provides a pla�orm which facilitates the communica�on between parents and doctors/speciaists and between doctors and specialists.

The product provides abundent ar�cles about the au�s�c and tutorials about interven�on and also brings the latest informa�on on policies or other related dynamics to parents.

TUTORIALS AND ART ICL ES COMMUN ICAT ION

ARTICLE

ABA SPECIALIST

COMM UN ITY

TUTORIAL

DOCTOR

RESEARCHER

TECH .

PARENT&KID

RECORD

ABA SPECIALIST

DOCTOR

SCHEDULE DATA

PARENT&KID

09

INFORMATION FLOW PHASES

REAL TIME MONITORING

PARENTS

KIDS

APP

APP

APP

SPECIALISTS

APP

APP

APP

APP

APP

ACTIONS

-Take the kid home from the rehab center -Receive the interven�on advice from rehabilita�on specialists on the app

-Customize the visualised schedule with the kid -Share the schedule with rehabilita�on specialists

USER JOURNEY MAP

-Receive the task reminder on the phone

-Implement the interven�on -Record the training process -Complete the training feedback

-The phased interven�on report sent to rehabilita�on specialists -Informa�on of monitoring synchronizing

-Arrange the online/offline appointment with rehabilita�on spacialists -Online communica�on with rehab specialists

-Take the kid to the rehab center for training classes -Offline communica�on with rehab specialists

RECORD ONLINE TALK FLOW RECEIVE ADVICE

ARRANGE SCHEDULE

REMINDER

TRAINING(RECORD)

FEEDBACK

OFFLINE TALK

TRAINING CLASS

TRAINING LOOP

THOUGHTS

“What does the rehab specialist say?Am I able to follow his/her instruc�ons?”

EMOTION

DISTURBED

PHASES

“It seems like Yiyi has become be�er than last month! ” ANXIOUS but HOPEFUL

“Oh!It’s �me for TASK1.I must get ready for it now.”

“I must arrange the schedule carefully to finish the interven�on at home. ”

NERVOUS but READY

CONTENDED

ANXIOUS but HOPEFUL RELIEVED

“Finish TASK1!Hope that will do some help.I can complete the interven�on report now. ”

WORRIED

“Oh I see...I need to do more TASK1 for her and add TASK2 to the schedule.”

“S�ll no progress.What’s wrong?”

ANXIOUS but HOPEFUL

“The insistence is victory.

I shall not give up on rehab interven�on.”

PAINPOINTS

Can not remember what the rehabilita�on specialists said comprehensively and accurately

Without advanced arrangement, the home training o�en disrupts the rythm of daily rou�ne life

O�en forget to perform the home training on �me

Start the home training has�ly and forget to record the process/unwilling to record finding it troublesome Have difficul�es in conduc�ng the training

Worry about the training effect Anxious to know the degree of rehabilita�on Desire communica�ng with other parents in similar situa�ons

Not feel like communica�ng with rehabilita�on specialists

Worry about kids during the training classes Anxious to know the degree of rehabilita�on

-Arranging a visualised schedule with kids can help to organize the daily life be�er, which is also a great opportunity to strengthen the family bond

-Remind parents in �me in order to prevent them forge�ng the tasks

-Remind and encourage parents to record the training process (i.e. videos etc.)

-Related tutorials -Auxiliary training -*Real �me monitoring

-Alleviate the anxiety of parents through immediate feedback -Au�sm community

-Improve the frequency and quality of communica�on between parents and rehabilta�on specialists

-Remote monitoring

OPPORTUNITIES

-Improve the efficiency of communica�on between the parents and the rehabilita�on specialists

HOW MIGHT WE

10

STORYBOARD

SWITCH THE SCHEDULE

Finished task Indicate the time passing of the day

Tap and add tasks

daily schedule

week schedule

month schedule

ADD TASKS & CHECK THE NEW TASK

The earliest upcoming task

Unfinished task

register

choose the task

choose&confirm

receive new task

task detail

task detail

RECORD Based on the fact that many parents think it’s troublesome to record/often forget to record during the process of intervention, the recording button is put at the home page where parents can easily access.

Start Recording Anytime & Anywhere When exiting the app, the recording button can be a hover one on the phone interface so that parents can start recording if there’s any emergency without openning the app.

11

MY KID

my kid

intervention process

statistics

medical history

record

community

favorite

inbox

MENU

menu

tutorial

my specialist

VISUAL SCHEDULE GOOD FOR THE AUTISTIC For children with ASD, a visual schedule not only establishes a predictable environment where they feel safe, but it also provides mo�va�on by helping them be�er understand expecta�ons and when preferred ac�vi�es will occur.It also helps the parent and the child to communicate expecta�ons and consequences.It also helps child communicate needs and wants.

ENHANCE PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP During the �me parents arrange the daily schedule with children, the parent-child rela�onship can be strengthened. And the schedule on different terminals can be linked.

CROSS-DEVICE ...

DOCTOR

PARENTS

VR DEVICE

PARENTS

IPAD

PARENTS

VIDEO PROJECTION

SPECIALIST

FOR KID

FACILITATE COMMUNICATION The product provides a convenient pla�orm where parents can easily contact specialists and they can also communicate with other parents too.

LINK WITH OTHER DEVICES The product can realize informa�on transmission to iPad/TV/projector/VR devices, which provide rich opportunity to implement different kinds of interven�on.

12

ACHIEVEMENT INTERFACE

SENSE OF ACHIEVEMENT This interface provides an instant feedback of the progress of home training with a beau�ful metaphor —— a planet which can be filled up by the finished daily tasks. Checking this interface, parents can gain a sense of achievement and the solidate the faith to keep on.

BRING POSITIVE FEELINGS TO PARENTS Parents can save and share the interface to others in the community, which might bring them the encouragement from others. This also might s�mulate posi�ve communica�on with others, which is good for the parents’ mental state.

TECHNIQUES COMPLEMENT TO TRADITIONAL METHODS OF INTERVENTION As a means of communica�on and educa�on, tech like the iPad has lead au�sm support teams and parents to the doorstep of virtual reality (VR) and is proving to have a pivotal role in teaching and trea�ng people with au�sm.

ACCEPTED AND APPROVED BY SPECIALISTS VR is being embraced by therapists, counselors, teachers, parents and their children as a pivotal therapy tool to help those with au�sm to be�er communicate and connect with their family, friends, and the world around them.

FEASIBLE AND AFFORDABLE Affordable mobile VR price point makes it an accessible therapy supplement that is tele-teaching ready.

ON CLOUD 9

A multi-sensory interactive installation

Can we hug light?

In this installation, we want to turn a common experience (such as turning on/off the light) into a special and appealing experience. We try to give light, a kind of intangible substance, the properties of tangible substance. Besides, we personify light by setting its different reactions to different triggers. Approaching it, touching it, and observing its different reactions, people can interact with light as if interacting with something alive, which can finally arouse unique emotions during interaction.

2 Weeks, 2018.11 Group Work (Coursework Project) Co-work with Yu Qin Tool: Arduino, Rhino My Role: Concept, Programming, Prototype, Testing, Model Making

13

CONTEXT

trigger

result/reaction + rigid form

This is the project of my Interactive Architecture class. We wanted to create a special experience through exploring novel ways to interact with something intangible. And we proposed the future directions as well as the potential applications for this new type of interaction.

Tangible Interaction and Emotion Design The traditional way of interacting with light is through a switch. We flick the switch and the light is on. Sometimes we use the body sensor as an invisi ble switch - when there are people, the light will be on. The connections between the action (flick the switch) and the result (light is on) is not so intuitive. Behind the switch lies electric wires that control the light. The concept model of switch-light system is blunt and emotionless. So we tried to create an unusual interface which can spice up the experience of inter acting with light, thereby arousing emotions.

INITIAL PROTOTYPE

Berndnaut Smilde, the cloud maker

+ mechanical reaction sensor

bulb

switch

Counterintuitive connection between the trigger and result brings boring interactive experiences.

multi-sensory trigger tactile auditory olfactary visual

various reaction human-like reactions changing forms

gustatory

cloud of light

emotion Intuitive connection between the trigger and result such as push-and-move or drop-and-fall constructs intuitive concept models. And various reactions to different triggers bring rich and interesting experiences.

CONCEPT Inspired by ‘the cloud make’ by Berndnaut Smilde, we gave our light a form of cloud to cause visual shock.

In terms of material, we chose to wrap the program mable LED lights with cotton, which is soft and will arouse the desire to touch.

Then we came up with a concept that was to make light act like liquid. We turn the traditional switch into a water bag. The bottom part of the ‘cloud’ glows in initial condition. When people squeeze the water bag below the ‘cloud’, the light in the ‘cloud’ will climb

upwards. Different bags contain water with different colors and respectively control lights with different color. The harder people squeeze, the higher the light climbs. In this way, people feel controling the move ment of light is like controling the movement of water in a pipe. Such an intuitive connection between the trigger (squeeze) and result (climb up) is the key to special experience.

2ND PROTOTYPE

MOCK UP To realize this kind of effect, we create a system like the medical drip. We replaced the injection needle with a water bag. Besides, we glued a distance sensor to the bottom of the jar to detect the surface of liquid. The distance information acted as the variables that control how many light-bulbs of LED light are on. The harder people squeeze, the higher the water surface will be, and the shorter the distance will be detected.

The distance is inversely correlated with the numbers of light-bulbs will be on.

In the second prototype, we kept part of the original concept and add another two modes to the light. The three modes are below: 1. The breathing mode.

This is the initial condition of light. When there are no people near the light, it will get brighter and brighter, then slowly dimmer, and again brighter and dimmer repeatedly, just like breathing.

2. The lightning mode.

Detecting people nearby, the light will quickly

on and off like lightning, which conveys the signal of noticing people nearby.

3. The fire/flame mode.

This is an iterated version of the 1st prototype.

We canceled the ‘drip system’ and changed the interactive way into hug the ‘cloud’ itself.

Accordingly, we put the distance sensor inside the cloud, so if people hug the cloud, the distance between the inner walls will change.

That will trigger the fire mode.

CHALLENGE The distance changes can’t be detected because the rise and fall of water surface is not obvious.

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PROGRAMMING We used the fastLED library to realize those three modes. Here are the codes and its effect:

Wireframe

Detect Human Body

Detect Distance Between Inner Walls

01 Breathing Mode Body Sensor

Distance Sensor

No human detected

Human detected

Breathing Mode

Lightning Mode The LED light bulbs sparkle randomly.

No distance changes detected Distance Value

All the LED light bulbs flash on and off.

02 Flame/Fire Mode 02 Lightning Mode

Distance changes detected Fire/Flame Mode ‘Flame’ Length

MODEL MAKING

Power Supply

Circuit

l

l

h

l

l

h

l

Distance Sensor Body Sensor

Skeleton

Circuit Building

Cotton Wrapper

Usage Scenario l

h

l l

l

h

l

Future Direction 1. This type of interaction can be further developed into the product for lighting purpose and for entertainment.

2. There is a potential opportunity to expand this interaction system and make an affective environment .

3. This design can become a public installation to activate the public space or for more educational purposes.

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Snowflake Schema Stole Have a garment fit exactly to your size and preferences.

By conventional means, custom-made garments are often cost prohibitive. We see great potentials of the emerging computational design techniques in custom-made fashion industry. In this project, we tried to shed some light on realizing customized design with low cost by creating a self-adaption tool, which can automatically generate the digital model of the garment once it receives body figure data. Besides, we also provide an opportunity of participatory design, where customers can participate in the design process and change the clothes according to their preferences.

2 Weeks, 2018.08 Group Work (Coursework Project) Co-work with Shuqi Li and Yu Qin Tool: 3D scanner, FDM printer, Grasshopper, Rhino, Python My Role: Concept, Programming, Prototype, Testing, Model Making

CONTEXT

CONCEPT This is the project of my computational design summer workshop, in which we had to learn computational design techniques and 3D printing knowledge from scratch in the first two weeks and then spend another two weeks designing and fabricating a prototype in a groupwork. traditional custom-made clothes

DESIGN PROCESS

LEARNING

CONCEPTUALIZE

SCANNING& PROCESSING DATA

self-adaption 3D printing clothes

TRADITIONAL

NEW-TECH

measurement

manual measurment

3D scanning

design method

customized design

self-adaption computational design

cost

high

low (future)

PROGRAMMING

FINISH

PRINTING &KNITTING

TESTING& ITERATION

To design and tailor clothes according to individual’s body figure dimensions is time-consuming , which is part of the main reason why custom-made clothes cost so high. With 3D scanning and 3D printing techniques, we can reduce the time costs to great extent. Besides, through 3D printing, we can apply new materials to cloth-making, which can be economically feasible and environmentally friendly. More importantly, the productive efficiency can be improved via computational design techniques, which might make custome-made available to everybody in the near future.

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FUTURE CUSTOM-MADE SERVICE BLUEPRINT 5min

uncertain

10min-15min

uncertain

5min

EVIDENCE

store location store signage

clothes book of style

3D scanner

digital model

credit card store receipt

CUSTOMER JOURNEY

visit the store

pick desired styles

body figure measurement

recommend

operate the 3D scanner

TIME

preview

adjust

order & pay

operate the digital model

input different parameters

contact manufacturers

several days message progress notification

express package

wait for production

receive new clothes

line of interaction FRONTSTAGE

welcome to the store

TECHNOLOGY

3D scanner

responsive digital model

process the scanning data

self-adaption pattern generator

notify the customer to pick up

line of visibility BACKSTAGE

TECHNOLOGY

design the clothing style

computational design techniques

final model

3D printing

3D printer

notify the seller

PROTOTYPE FABRICATION Style Design

Simplify the Surface & Number the Pieces We first designed a style for our garment. Provided the dimension of our 3D printers is 20cm*20cm, we decided to divide the clothes into several triangular pieces. In this way, we could print the peices seperately and change the pattern or materials of each piece as well.

3D Scanning

3D Scanning

Scanning Data

Clean Up Point Clouds Generate Surface

By numbering the pieces, we could accurately locate them and knit them into the complete clothes in the last step.

Besides, we could get the spatial positions data of all the triangular vertices.

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GENERATION PROCESS The diagram below shows the generation process.

A SPECIAL STRUCTURE To make the printed fabric drape like traditional fabrics fit the curve of the body, we applied a special structure to the fabric. The structure is composed of two kinds of components: the hexagonal ones and the trifurcate ones. The hexagonal components are flat hexagonal prisms, part of which is removed (the void inside). Three hammer-like components joining together at the end of the “hammer handles” forms the trifucate components. The size of the “hammerheads” is a little bit smaller than the size of the void of the hexagonal components. The gap between them allow the components to move within a certain range, thereby making the fabric “soft”.

1 - locate the vertices 2 - generate axes 3 - 4 trifurcate components 5 - 7 hexagon components 8 - add holes 9 - a piece of fabric

The “hammerhead” is a little bit smaller than the void, which leaves a gap between them, thereby making the whole structure flexible.

GENERATE ARBITUARY TRIANGULAR FABRICS The figure below shows the generation process by grasshopper (a plug-in of Rhino). Input the spatial positions of three vertices(obtained in the previous step), it can automatically generate the model of fabric with the special structure. Besides, you can also adjust the parameters such as the size of each unit manually.

parameters which can be changed

<1>

<2>

<3>

<4>

<5>

<6>

<7>

<8>

<9>

TAKEAWAYS 3D PRINTING & KNITTING

Computational design techniques and 3D printing makes customization possible and cost low. Besides, 3D printed fashions give designers a new means of expressing bold and inspiring looks. We can design styles which can only be fabricated by 3D printing instead of conventional means of knitting and weaving. It is the power of technology that pushes the boundary of conventional design.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS 1 The material we used is not soft enough though the fabrics have a flexible structure. We hope to see similar designs being printed with more advanced materials which are soft to the touch. (eg. FilaFlex, a flexible, rubbery material) 2 Convenience and customization are potential advantages of 3D-printed garments, so is recyclability. The fabric scraps left over from manufacturing a new shirt or dress via conventional means are typically thrown out. In contrast, 3D-printed clothes can simply be dumped into blenderlike machines that turn the plastics into powder that can then be used to print out something new

Watch the video for more details! https://youtu.be/YOrL4UUJnEA

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