10 ACCESS & TECHNICAL STRATEGIES

This section is a summary of information contained in the accompanying Environmental Statement, which considers how key policy targets will be met by the Phoenix, and other technical details. It gives an overview on the proposed reuse and repurposing of existing structures and materials; the proposed deployment of structural and cassette-panel timber; the creation of a data-led renewable energy grid; water use and waste management; sustainable urban drainage and the flood defences.

10.1 ACCESS, MOVEMENT & PARKING

vehicle ownership (thereby enabling the desired reduction in trip generation attributed to the proposed development), the following mobility services will be offered:

Electric vehicle (EV) car hire and car club (with a total fleet of 50 EVs, accessed through a digital app and an in-person concierge)

This new walkable neighbourhood will provide a high standard of accessible, inclusively designed streets, public spaces, public buildings and new homes.

Vehicle access

Access into the Co-Mobility Hub only will be provided by a new vehicle access junction off the Phoenix Causeway. Vehicle access to the site will be provided via North Street, Phoenix Place and Brook Street. The access road on the Phoenix Causeway and the internal road layout have been designed based on the principles outlined in the Department for Transport (DfT) guidance notes Manual for Streets (2007) and Manual for Streets 2 (2010), as well as the relevant design guidance produced by East Sussex County Council (ESCC).

Street hierarchy

Secondary network – ‘Streets’: Provides access to site via vehicular accesses of North Street, Phoenix Place and Brook Street for blue badge, servicing and emergency vehicles and drop-off and pick-up at key locations for permit holders.

Tertiary network –‘Mews’: Provides access to the site via secondary road network for servicing and emergency vehicles only.

Co-mobility services

Given the proposed development’s ambition to create a low traffic neighbourhood, on-site parking will be limited. With the exception of on-street blue badge parking and pickup and drop-off, all resident and visitor parking will be provided in the Co-Mobility Hub. The centralised parking facility will accommodate 313 spaces, with about 120 of these being allocated to residents of the new neighbourhood. In order to facilitate the modal shift required to accommodate low private

An electric shuttle bus service to provide access to key destinations across the site, with the potential to extend the service to the wider area of Lewes including Lewes Railway Station

A bike centre, providing e-bike, e-cargo bike, e-scooter hire and bike repairs. Extensive on-street and on-plot cycle parking

A ‘last-mile’ delivery service, whereby residents can collect parcels from a secure, dedicated space within the Co-Mobility Hub, or secure onward delivery via an e-cargo bike service, thereby minimising delivery vehicle movements both within the site and the wider town

A bus lay-by on the Phoenix Causeway, immediately adjacent to the Co-Mobility Hub

Parking for vehicles

The majority of parking for the Phoenix is proposed inside the Co-Mobility Hub, which will offer lift access to all levels, providing level access to Phoenix Place, the Foreshore Park, and the Phoenix Causeway, the latter providing easy interchange with buses. On-street parking is for drop-off, servicing and blue badge bays only. Accessible bays are distributed across the site and will align with BS 8300 for their layout and location.

The Pells

Tesco

Willey’s bridge

Thomas Paine bridge

Lancaster Street

1 Vehicle access into the neighbourhood

Private, refuse, servicing and emergency vehicle access

Waitrose

Connection to wider network (streets outside application boundary)

Pedestrian/cycle priority + Corporation Villa resident vehicular access

Co-mobility services including parking

Health Centre services including Blue Badge parking

The Pells

Brook Street Brook Street

Lancaster Street

2 Vehicular parking

Tesco

Waitrose

Blue Badge parking zone including 1,200mm clear zone on footway

Health Centre associated car park, Blue Badge only

15-minute on-street parking zone, Human Nature-operated loading bay

Co-mobility services including parking

Health Centre services including Blue Badge parking

North Street North Street

Phoenix Place Phoenix Place

Phoenix Causeway bridge Phoenix Causeway

Phoenix Causeway

INTERNAL PEDESTRIAN & CYCLE ROUTE PROVISION

In order to facilitate active travel, the following cycle/pedestrian infrastructure provision will form part of the proposed development:

A wide, shared footway/cycleway along the Phoenix Causeway, adjacent to the proposed Co-Mobility Hub

A wide, shared and landscaped footway/ cycleway from the Phoenix Causeway/Little East Street/Eastgate Street junction leading into the proposed Phoenix neighbourhood (between block 10C and the Co-Mobility Hub), passing through the civic centre of the proposed development and onto and over the Thomas Paine foot and cycle bridge. The proposed foot and cycle route would provide a connection between Lewes town centre and Malling, through the Phoenix neighbourhood

The secondary and tertiary streets within the Phoenix neighbourhood will have dedicated cycle and pedestrian infrastructure. Their safety and usability will be enhanced by the low-car nature of the proposed neighbourhood

The proposed riverside walkway Ouse Walk on the western bank of the river Ouse will provide a pedestrian connection from Willey’s bridge to the Phoenix Causeway, with potential to connect with Cliffe, subject to the future redevelopment of the Eastgate Wharf area. Additionally, the safety and ease of cyclists, wheelers and pedestrians accessing the site will be enhanced by improvements to the Phoenix Causeway/Little East Street/Eastgate Street junction including: reduced junction carriageways; dedicated cycle routes across the junction; and reduced waiting times at the signalised crossings.

1 Covered bicycle parking with planting and PV glass

2 Vehicle parking is replaced with public bicycle parking and green streets, Amsterdam (Mobycon)

10.2 INCLUSIVE DESIGN

addition to difficulties experienced by those with physical disabilities these same barriers have a relatively high impact on people with mental health conditions, who are consequently more likely to be deterred by them from using public spaces. Disabled people therefore benefit from pedestrian environments that are simpler, with distinct features and provision of clear information, which will aid navigation and give people confidence to travel. A welldesigned and accessible environment brings wider benefits for the general population, such as those travelling with children, especially in pushchairs, or those with heavy luggage.

This DAS sets out the framework for Human Nature’s accessibility strategy on the Phoenix development which will then be developed in more detail for each of the public spaces and buildings.

Key objectives include:

Everyone, regardless of ability, age or gender will be able to confidently, with dignity and independence enjoy all the opportunities made available in the new neighbourhood

Provision of a choice of homes, accessible infrastructure and services, places to spend time and to work, with a mix of accessible and adaptable uses

The neighbourhood will support the creation of a cohesive community which fosters diversity, social interaction and social capital

Provide suitable means of access for all people from the site entrance points

Incorporate sufficiently wide pedestrian routes allowing people to pass each other with few level changes throughout the site

Provide principal building entrances and lobbies that are identifiable and accessible

Facilitate independent horizontal and vertical movement that is convenient and ensures all residents/visitors can access all facilities

Inclusive mobility

Inclusive design requires that the needs of all disabled people are considered from the outset. It is important to acknowledge that numerous barriers exist to navigating pedestrian environments, including obstacles, uneven surfaces, crossing the road, navigating slopes and ramps, and lack of confidence to travel. In

Statutory requirements

The Equality Act 2010 legally protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society. The Act defines discrimination in one of the following forms:

Direct discrimination – treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others

Indirect discrimination – putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but that put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair disadvantage

The masterplan

Human Nature’s Blueprint principles which inform the masterplan mandate good streets with good access, active ground floors, good overlooking together with clear fronts and backs. Cumulatively this makes for a safe legible environment that is simple to navigate for all.

Accessible places begin with legible streets and learning from history. The Phoenix principally retains the two main streets on site, North Street and Phoenix Place together with Spring Gardens and Brook Street. The retention of these streets will mean that those who have previous knowledge of the place will be able to navigate the environment without having to wholesale relearn its arrangement. This is important for visual impaired people including those who use assistance dogs.

A comprehensive walking, wheeling and cycling network is proposed to enhance permeability for and encourage walking, wheeling and cycling. Where possible, walking, wheeling and cycling routes will follow desire lines. Generous footways will be provided throughout and raised pedestrian crossings are used as a means of traffic calming to reduce vehicular speed to a maximum of 20 mph.

Public spaces

Public spaces will be designed with an emphasis on easy orientation, good legibility, and clear routes through the site for all users. Human Nature is working with local specialist groups, including Lewes Area Access Group and Cycle Lewes, to address the needs of everyone including wheelchair and rollator users, guide dog assisted, cane users and those with visual impairments.

The general topography of the Phoenix site allows for most of the ground floor public realm and street spaces to exist at principally the same vertical alignment, in general therefore ramps and level changes will not be required to navigate between public spaces. Access to the proposed Thomas Paine bridge will be via routes which have a gradient shallower than 1:20 and the new riverfront Ouse Walk will be built to an accessible gradient.

Spaces where vehicles and pedestrians/cyclists are designed to mix without clear delineation are commonly referred to as ‘Shared Surfaces’ or ‘Shared Spaces’. Spaces such as this will not be included at the Phoenix as they are often cited as being disabling and dangerous to visually impaired users. In certain locations at the Phoenix a similar material may be used on the footway and carriageway but if this is the case a clear kerb delineation will occur with a colour contrast at the kerb and / or a level change to place the pedestrian above the vehicle. Where cyclists and pedestrians are asked to share the same space, this will be designed to comply with Local Transport Note 1/20 Cycle Infrastructure Design.

Public spaces will be designed to align to relevant building regulations including Part M of the Building Regulations, and will be designed with reference to British Standard (BS)

8300 and Inclusive Mobility A Guide to Best Practice on Access to Pedestrian and Transport Infrastructure (Department for Transport, 2021)

Convivial, flexible, lively and diverse public realm spaces are central to Human Nature’s approach to making and managing places. This approach relies on public spaces being populated by planting, bicycles, benches and other street furniture and for inhabitants to be able to personalise their public realm. This personalisation can result in changes being made (by residents) to expected locations of street furnishings. Whilst this is desirable it needs to be carefully managed to avoid creating obstructions and will therefore be monitored by the Estate Management Company that will be established to manage the public realm.

Inclusive buildings

All new publicly accessible buildings will be fully accessible and meet the requirements of the Equality Act, BS 8300-2:2018 and Part M of the Building Regulations.

South Downs National Park Authority sets a minimum requirement for 50% of all new dwellings in the whole development to meet the requirements for Category 2-Accessible & Adaptable dwellings, as defined under Part M4(2) of the Building Regulations. Additionally at least 5% of all new dwellings must meet Category 3, for Wheelchair Accessible dwellings (Part M4(3) of the Building Regulations)

For the majority of parcels, the Phoenix neighbourhood will exceed these requirements. Lift access will be provided to the majority of homes above ground floor level. Some Parcels have different characteristics and are better suited to use of duplexes (maisonettes), each with their own front door, where the upper flats would not be considered accessible. This means that these Parcels in themselves may have lower percentages of Category 2 and 3 dwellings but this will be compensated for by overall numbers across the new neighbourhood. Regardless of Category all new dwellings will be designed to be as adaptable as possible to allow people to stay in their homes as their needs change.

Blue Badge holders will be able to park on street near their homes and priority will be given in the CoMobility hub to users of the Health Hub, which will have its own dedicated blue badge parking bays.

Lewes Area Access Group

The Lewes Area Access group will be given the opportunity to input into the future of the Phoenix through the following two avenues: Review of Reserved Matters Application (RMA) proposals. The applications will come later and contain the detail of individual buildings and public spaces.

Input into site wide management regimes. In reference to the desire for ‘personalisation’ of the public space there will need to be guidelines for what is appropriate and not in terms of accessibility.

Social inclusivity

The new neighbourhood has been designed to be welcoming and accessible to everyone.

Lewes has a population where the working age adult population is lower than the English average (38% as against 44%), and that the over 65 population of the town will increase by 22% by 2030 if nothing is done to reverse this trend. The 2021 census shows that non-white minorities represent 5.8% of the population in Lewes district, compared to 19% in England as a whole.

People who are currently forced to leave the town because they can’t afford to stay here, or don’t feel welcome in Lewes at the moment, will be able to find a home at the Phoenix.

Some of the new homes will be priced to be genuinely affordable, by including a significant number of Lewes Low Cost homes as defined in the Neighbourhood Plan. Prices will also be kept down by providing mostly flats, which are cheaper than houses of a similar size.

We will also provide homes for downsizers and smaller households, where older people wish to move into smaller accommodation which is in short supply in Lewes.

The employment and commercial spaces will be provided at rents and with leases that are affordable and flexible, supporting young people taking their first steps in setting up their own businesses.

The provision of the events space will allow for a wide variety of public entertainments which will attract people with diverse interests to the site. Most of all, by providing shared facilities, open spaces and opportunities to meet casually and safely in the street if you want to, the neighbourhood will encourage the growth of community, helping to overcome the social isolation that is prevalent in suburbs where people have no need or opportunity to meet each other “by the way”.

We will continue to take advice from specialists, including Diversity Lewes and the Lewes Area Access Group, so that the detailed design of the neighbourhood realises this ambition – to create a truly diverse, inclusive new neighbourhood for Lewes.

10.3 SAFETY & SECURITY

The walkable neighbourhood and the shared spaces of the new neighbourhood will encourage life on the street and a sense of community ownership. High levels of street activity have been shown to deter antisocial and criminal behaviour

Active frontages and personalised thresholds will encourage natural surveillance and social cohesion. Meanwhile, good connectivity, retaining existing streets, and the new street pattern woven into the town, river front and Pells Edge will underpin a well connected, naturally legible neighbourhood which will enhance safety for all

Designing out crime

The principles of Designing out Crime are well established and supported by the Home Office, DLUHC, national and local policy and the Building Regulations:

The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) defines three fundamental objectives to achieving a sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. Crime has a direct impact on all three objectives.

This has been reinforced throughout the NPPF where the government makes clear its view of what sustainable development, in England, means in practice for the planning system. Specifically, Section 8 ‘Promoting healthy and safe communities’, paragraph 91, states that ‘planning policies and decisions should aim to achieve healthy, inclusive and safe places which... are safe and accessible so that crime and disorder, and the fear of crime, do not undermine the quality of life or community cohesion” SBD 2019

Initial advice has been obtained from the East Sussex Design Out Crime officer who will be a consultee during the planning application.

External spaces

The masterplan has been designed using the following principles from SBD Guidance which will also be used to guide detailed proposals for each parcel:

Layout of roads and footpaths should encourage activity and natural surveillance

Vehicular and pedestrian routes have been designed to ensure that they are visually open, direct, well used and do not undermine the defensible space of neighbourhoods.

The SBD describes defensible space as having “… the simple aim of designing the physical environment in a way which enables the resident to control the areas around their home. This is achieved by organising all space in such a way that residents may exercise a degree of control over the activities that take place there”

Layout and orientation of dwellings should encourage natural surveillance using active edges and by avoiding blank elevations

Communal areas and play spaces- location and design should encourage natural surveillance, a sense of community ownership and designed to discourage vandalism.

Ensure a clear definition of boundaries between public and private areas, defensible space and use of active thresholds.

Ensure good sight lines to frontages, entrance doors and building names and numbers

Control access to vulnerable areas such as shared or rear gardens

Design of planting should ensure good sight lines and not impede lighting. Planting design should be easily maintained over time as the landscape matures. Choice of appropriate species and provisional of suitable maintenance budgets is important.

Seating can be a valuable amenity and should be located to ensure it allows natural surveillance and encourage social interaction

Wayfinding - promoting intuitive navigation of the site has been shown to improve safety

Building Design

Reserved Matters (RMA) applicatiosn will be submitted to the Planning Authority for the design of the individual or groups of buildings. During this stage the Designing Out Crime officer will be consulted in the development of the detailed design proposals. All buildings will be designed in accordance with prevailing SBD guidance.

Doors and window fenestration will be designed to encourage natural surveillance of private external space, thresholds, semi-public and public spaces around buildings.

Design of dwellings will be in accordance with the SBD principles for secure homes, including:

Demarcation of space - defensible space at front of homes with planting/ fencing. Seating next to planting is beneficial.

Good lighting

Robust fences to rear gardens

Specification of dwellings will be Secured by Design Guidance for Homes 2019 (SBD 19) and Building Regulations Part Q, including:

Front door specifications for dwellings will meet SBD 19 Section 21 and preferably be to PAS 24: 2016.

Communal doors will be more robust using one of the following (or other SBD approved) specifications: BS EN 1627 ER3 or STS 02

Windows and rooflights for dwellings will meet SBD 19 Section 2a-22

External lighting for dwellings will meet SBD 19 Section 2a-23

Access control specifications for dwellings will meet SBD 19 Section 2a-27

Doors for retail/commercial uses will meet LPS 1175 or other SBD approved specifications

Safety and security during construction

Prior to the commencement of any activities on site, a site wide Construction Management Plan (CMP) will be developed by the appointed Principal Contractor, which will be in accordance with the commitments and conditions agreed at Planning. The CMP will be reviewed and approved by Human Nature. The Contractor (and their subcontractors) will be required to comply with the requirements of the CMP. It is anticipated that the CMP will be considered a ‘live’ document. As such, the document wilL be subject to regular reviews and updates to the reflect the actual activities associated with the enabling and construction works, particularly where they change throughout the works.

The CMP will be based on established good site management practice, and will include the following information:

Information related to the Site and Proposed Development;

Outline of the construction works, timing and duration;

Proposed environmental management measures, for the following elements, not limited to:

Transport;

Noise and Vibration;

Security;

Air Quality; Waste;

Lighting and Energy;

Emergency Planning and Response

River Working and Flooding; Ground Conditions;

Ecology;

Surface Water Management; and Archaeology

Security prior to and during the construction of the project will be a principal consideration in the way the construction works are implemented. The project will be constructed in phases and as noted above, the CMP will be reviewed and and updated as the project progresses to ensure the safety and security of all construction operatives, residents, users and visitors to the Phoenix neighbourhood during its development. The construction will be sequenced to ensure that public accessible areas will be separated and protected from any construction activities. Access to future paths and spaces in the neighbourhood will be carefully managed to avoid underused spaces and isolated movement routes until the project is completed.

Safety and security measures will comply with prevailing Secured by Design guidance including the Construction Site Security Guide 2021, current Health & Safety Regulations and Codes of Practice including The Heath and safety at Work Act and The Construction Design & Management Regulations 2015.

In advance of the works, a dedicated construction access road will be built providing direct access to the main construction compound from the Phoenix Causeway. This will significantly reduce the number of construction vehicles that would ordinarily need to access and egress the site via the East Street gyratory and North Street, which will significantly benefit both safety and security of the neighbourhood whilst under construction.

Lighting

Street lighting to the new neighbourhood will strike a balance between the requirements of safety, wayfinding, SDNPA dark sky policies and energy efficiency. The needs of people with limited visibility must also be taken into account. Attention to the position and location of lighting, in particular a focus on providing good illumination to the ground, can help achieve this whilst minimising light pollution. The relationship of trees to street lighting will be carefully considered. Environmentally friendly light sources will be used wherever possible. Street lighting for the neighbourhood will comply with all statutory provisions including BS 5489-1:2013 and requirements of the local authority and Design Out Crime officer. and a declaration of conformity with will be provided by an independent designer as required by SBD guidance.

10.4 MATERIALS & CONSTRUCTION

The focus will be on materials and minimising construction waste and embodied carbon to keep the impact of construction to a minimum.

Regenerative materials: Particularly hempcrete. As hemp can grow up to 5 metres in only three to four months, it has a particularly large negative GWP over a 30-year time period. Hempcrete will be used as the predominant non-loadbearing blockwork material across the site.

Local materials: Particularly Sussex timber: It is intended to commit to the use of locally sourced timber, having instigated a demand-led initiative to kickstart the E/W Sussex timber industry to produce products available for the construction industry on a meaningful scale.

Low-carbon concrete: Via cement substitution: using waste materials such as pulverised fly ash & ground-granulated blast furnace slag in concrete used onsite. Additionally, material efficiencies are optimised through early engagement with structural engineers to minimise overall material quantum via efficient design, prior to detailed design and design for deconstruction.

Reused Materials and building components: Existing on-site materials (pre-deconstruction) that have future potential use in new buildings as part of: plinth walls; cladding; metalwork.

All buildings will contain modular elements built in factory conditions, reducing construction waste by up to 80%. Buildings are being designed for disassembly, so as to reduce future demolition waste and allow for flexibility.

10.5 TIMBER NEIGHBOURHOOD

Structural frames and cassettes can be fabricated off-site and transported to site, allowing for waste-material reduction. With an emphasis on using locally sourced materials such as Sussex timber, the aim is to minimise embodied carbon from vehicular journeys wherever feasible.

All structural frames on site (other than those of existing buildings, and the Co-Mobility Hub) will be constructed using cross-laminated timber (CLT), glulam and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) products. The superstructure or frame of the buildings similar to those comprising the proposed development, when using a usual reinforced concrete construction method, typically account for between 30%-

38% of a building’s embodied carbon emissions. Conversely, structural timber frames have a negative carbon impact, as they store the atmospheric biogenic carbon absorbed by trees over their lifetime.

In line with Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) Whole Life Carbon Assessment for the Built Environment, the carbon sequestration benefits from using timber in construction can only be attributed to the proposed development if:

The timber is sustainably sourced – as verified by means of a FSC or PEFC certification, for example – so as to ensure that the use of timber in construction doesn’t result in a net decline in biogenic matter, which would negate the impact of storing the carbon in the timber; and

The End of Life implications of the timber are considered so as to prevent it from being anaerobically decomposed (as it would if it were sent to landfill), or combusted.

As such, all timber used on site will be sustainably sourced, and the buildings will be designed to allow for future disassembly and reuse. Doing so ensures that the carbon stored in the timber used in the Phoenix can be prevented from re-entering the atmosphere beyond its lifetime. This strategy also allows for other non-biological construction materials to be reused at the proposed development’s end of life, thereby avoiding emissions from waste management and future developments, as well as preventing future primary resource consumption and enabling the shift toward a circular economy.

Focusing on local supply provides an opportunity to stimulate the industry and local economy as well as to demonstrate a tangible investment in maintaining the protected landscapes of the South Downs National Park, and the High Weald AONB, both of which are heavily wooded, and comprise wooded landscapes that are in need of restoration or require increased economic activity to stimulate better management. This can be stimulated by increasing market demand for the range of local tree species and working with the sizes and qualities that are available.

Making an explicit link between the buildings being designed at Phoenix and sustaining the wooded landscapes in the South East region also offers a unique opportunity to connect future residents with the landscape from which their homes were built.

10.6 MINING THE ANTHROPOPCENE

The structures of the existing buildings on the Phoenix site are a valuable source of construction materials once they have been carefully and diligently deconstructed, catalogued and stored ready for reuse.

Local Works Studio have undertaken a predeconstruction audit of building fabric of some typical examples of the building typologies on the Phoenix, with survey areas identified in red below on the site plan.

The purpose of the material audit was to identify and record: material quantities and qualities; typologies; condition & viability; storage requirements; deconstruction methods and precautions. These findings will produce or lead on to:

Analysis of targeted materials found in site audit

Local fabrication and processing options

Viable materials palette with relevant options for future use; next steps for reuse.

Structural materials source book

Foundation core samples

The above will allow us to reuse steel sections for architectural, structural and landscaping uses, directly reuse some masonry and other components, create reconstituted materials from site-won waste that can be reformed without firing on (or near) site for use as structural or cladding elements, and manage site levels without any net import or export.

Local Works Studio has also produced a report describing the material reuse strategy for the Phoenix, focusing on masonry plinth and cladding options. It presents achievable, efficient, sustainable, cost effective and accessible fabrication processes. The report suggests that cladding features could be manufactured on the Phoenix, maintaining the tradition of fabrication on the site, and to prevent material movements. It has already produced a variety of samples using waste materials, by-products and readily available construction materials, including low-carbon bricks made from waste, cast into simple sand moulds, referencing historic cast-iron process from the days of the Ironworks.

Structural steel

There is a large amount of structural steel, of various lengths, gauges, profiles and quality, found within the buildings and industrial units in Parcel. Many of the steels are in excellent condition and have potential for reuse, subject to assessment by structural engineers and more accurate information about their date of manufacture.

Historic ironmongery and other items of note

There are considerable quantities of characterful historic ironmongery retained on site. The majority requires minimal remedial work in order to bring it back into use as nonstructural features.

Masonry and concrete elements

The bricks are found in the smaller buildings, as a plinth on some of the larger units and as internal boundary walls. The concrete forms part of the structural frame of two of the buildings, as well as a screed floor to all of the industrial units. Further investigations (core sampling) is due to be undertaken shortly to ascertain depths and quality.

Sheet metal

Unfortunately this material does have limited onward use, but could be used, in part, within temporary applications. There is a large amount of this material throughout the site, and does need to be considered.

10.7 BUILDING ADAPTATION

reuse. They will be refurbished to ensure they can be used for their intended purpose and also to improve their thermal and energy performance. The site contains non-designated heritage assets dating from the days of John Every’s Phoenix Ironworks, which include retained and repurposed structures that will become the Foundry Workshops, the Soap Factory and The Every Hall. These will have a number of uses once reinstated, including creative studios and working space, a community canteen, climbing centre and an energy centre. In addition to requiring less new materials, the retention of the existing buildings will lead to a reduction in construction traffic and site waste materials. The buildings to be retained will also keep the character and spirit of the current site and provide a material reference to the wider town. They are also all flexible and adaptable spaces that will allow for future community uses and provide generous community space for new residents and visitors to the Phoenix.

10.8 CONSTRUCTION WASTE

A Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP) will be produced which will:

List and describe each waste type expected to be produced in the course of the project

Identify any hazardous materials and list the contractors and their appropriate certification, including a method statement showing the process of removal, disposal, verification and sign off

● encouraging re-use (second hand/re-use store)

● extending product and material lifespans (repair café)

● making best use of raw materials (compost club)

● ensuring recycling happens (site managed recycling contracts by waste type)

● minimising waste to landfill beyond national best practice

Estimate the quantity of each different waste type expected to be produced and identify the waste management action proposed for each different waste type following the process of: reuse elsewhere on site, reuse as a material off site, reuse as a resource, recycling

This applies to the construction, estate management and operational processes

Construction Waste

The principal construction methodology will be mass timber and off-site production processes which will reduce materials waste by up to 80%. The designs have been drawn to prioritise material efficiency and design for deconstruction at end of life, prioritising the use of natural materials.

The designs have been drawn to prioritise material efficiency and design for deconstruction at end of life, prioritising the use of natural materials. Aggregate and demolition arisings will be retained on site where possible and remediation of contaminants will be conducted in situ where possible. This will result in non-hazardous construction waste generated by the project being diverted from landfill, in line with the table below.

Identify the site process for handling and storage of each waste stream in order to maintain efficiency of handling

List the identity and waste carrier registration number of any person moving waste from an identified waste stream

Aggregate and demolition arisings will be retained on site where possible and remediation of contaminants will be conducted in situ where possible. This will result in non-hazardous and hazardous construction waste generated by the project being diverted from landfill, in line with the table below:

Keep a written description of the waste movements including source, waste type, handler and destination

Ensure all waste carriers have the correct permits and licences for the sites to which they take their waste, and that this process is documented and scrutinised

Source: Table 10.2 from BREEAM NC 2018

A Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP) will be produced which will:

● List and describe each waste type expected to be produced in the course of the project

Update the plan as often as necessary to ensure it reflects the progress of the project – this will be at least every six months

● Identify any hazardous materials and list the contractors and their appropriate certification, including a method statement showing the process of removal, disposal, verification and sign off.

Keep a record of the types and quantities of wastes that are reused, recycled, recovered or disposed both on and off the site

● Estimate the quantity of each different waste type expected to be produced and identify the waste management action proposed for each different waste type following the process of: re-use elsewhere on site, re-use as a material off site, re-use as a resource, recycling.

● Identify the site process for handling and storage of each waste stream in order to maintain efficiency of handling

● List the identity and waste carrier registration number of any person moving waste from an identified waste stream.

● Keep a written description of the waste movements including source, waste type, handler and destination.

Ensure that all waste from the site is dealt with (as a minimum) in accordance with the waste duty of care in section 34 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990(1) and the Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991

The SWMP will be evaluated every six months to include:

A comparison between the forecast and actual waste.

An explanation of any differences between the forecasted and actual levels of waste produced.

An estimate of the cost savings that were achieved through implementing the SWMP

10.9 OPERATIONAL WASTE

The streets within the Phoenix has been designed to be serviceable by municipal vehicles and utilise municipal waste streams, but it is the intention of the scheme to provide a bespoke waste management service with separated waste streams to encourage reuse, recycling and a circular economy.

Each residential block will contain a blackbag bin store which will be collected by East Sussex County Council (ESCC) – the intention is to encourage ESCC to explore electric collection vehicles as used by Veolia in some London Boroughs.

Residents will be encouraged to sort their waste into multiple waste streams which will be collected locally by small estate management EVs, bringing it to an on site collection facility ready for collection by accredited recycled material handling companies.

This facility will allow for the salvaging of items for the repair centre, where they can be repaired and sent to the upcycling shop or the Library of Things where repaired or donated items can be loaned to residents for intermittent use.

Food waste will also be collected locally by a fleet of small estate management EVs and some of the arisings will be transferred into a “hot rocket” style composting facility. The compost produced can be utilised for food growing, landscaping, for local residents’ gardens and soil regeneration projects.

Policy RW1 of the local plan relates to sustainable locations for waste sorting facilities

Policies WMP3a-3e refer to the waste hierarchy and using waste as a resource. This links directly to the reuse centre on plot 10E with its repair centre, upcycling space and Library of Things.

Strategies for waste reduction will be the priority over and above recycling. This includes reuse, repair, upcycling and sale of goods by weight. It could also involve a Pay As You Throw style approach.

The optimum strategy is for waste streams to take place within each home ie into separate bins. These would then be aggregated into each plot’s bin store removing the need for an additional central storage space.

If the electric waste collection vehicle was large enough to collect the largest possible amount of waste from a specific waste stream on a given day, a single vehicle could be used to collect different waste streams across different days of the week, providing efficiency for the operator.

Provisionally located on plot 10E, the reuse centre looks to facilitate the waste reduction principle by keeping as many items out of landfill as possible, by upcycling or repairing them to extend their usable lifespan.

There are a number of non-residential uses in plots across the site that will have different waste streams and collection requirements to domestic waste. These include the Health Centre, Co-Mobility Hub, retail units, restaurants and workshops, among others.

Some of these uses may require more regular waste collections due to the amount of waste that they create through commercial operation, or they may require specialist waste collection should the waste be considered hazardous (cleaning chemicals, oils or similar from car repair workshops or medicinal / human waste products from the health hub for instance).

Each non-residential plot will have a dedicated waste management plan with separate waste streams and a centrally managed collection schedule, with commercial waste collection contracts if required for specialist waste. Waste will be recycled or reused wherever possible in an effort to reach a zero-waste site that sends no waste to landfill.

The intention is to work with a local waste management facility to take away food waste and add this to high-speed composting tanks which can be used to fertilise the urban farms on site and food growing site in the surrounding area to the Phoenix. The food waste will be carefully managed by the facility to prevent unpleasant odours. The decision was made to remove food waste from the site rather than manage it on-site as the high-speed composting tanks are large and were too onerous to try and locate on-plot.

10.10 ENERGY

The strategy includes rigorous commitments to energy use intensity targets (EUI), in accordance with LETI’s 2020 Climate Emergency Design Guide. Given the uncertainty in determining unregulated energy loads, a range of EUIs have been stated in the Energy Strategy; to avoid a possible (albeit unlikely) understatement of the development’s annual energy use, the high end of the stated range has been used in determining energy/carbon impacts. The strategy details how the proposed development will meet the SDNPA Policy SD3 Zero Carbon operational requirement (see Sustainability Strategy). Key features of the strategy are as follows:

Building fabric performance and efficient heat delivery, meeting or approaching that of Passivhaus standards (the strategy sets target EUI values of 35-60 kWh/m2/annum for residential buildings and 55-75 kWh/m2/ annum for commercial buildings)

Highly efficient site-wide heat network with open-loop GSHPs and low temperature ambient loops delivering heat and coolth.

Demand-side management (thermal buffer tanks; load diversity; smart meters/controls; and dynamic time-of-use tariffs), to reduce peak demands and synchronise energy demand with on/off site renewable energy availability

Provision of rooftop PV, where appropriate. The sustainability strategy favours a diverse rooftop usage – including green roofs, urban farming and amenity space over maximum PV coverage. By minimising the requirement for surface level private/shared garden space, this approach allows for an increase in the number of units on the brownfield site, reducing the need for greenfield development elsewhere in the National Park and the wider Lewes district. It also allows for greater biodiversity on-site and an increase in local food production. Residual energy demand will be met via a sleaved PPA with a local renewable energy provider, resulting in the development achieving zero carbon in operation

Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) after each phase of development

Additionally, in line with Policy requirement SD48, at least 10% of the buildings on-site will achieve Passivhaus certification. Atelier Ten have undertaken a feasibility study to determine which buildings are best suited for achieving Passivhaus standards. A design manual for achieving Passivhaus standards at these locations, to be used by architects at detailed design stage, has been produced.