LESSON LightofRestorationPeace,WorldCulture,Heavenly 13 GENDER EQUALITY LESSON OBJECTIVES 1 Understand the meaning of gender equality. 2 Understand what efforts are needed to achieve gender equality. TERMS TO KNOW • Gender equality • Gender discrimination • The French Revolution • Sexual violence • Decision-making process
Gender equality is the viewpoint that no one should be discriminated against politically, economically, socially, or culturally because of their gender. All people, regardless of gender, have equal rights and dignity. Therefore, men and women should respect each other in all places in society, such as work, school, home, etc., and should not have the idea that a particular gender is superior.
Figure 13-1 One of the stereotypes according to gender is to express women in pink and men in blue
2 13. Gender Equality
What is Equality?Gender In most cultures, for a long period of time there has been a perception of the role of men as those who work and bring economical income outside the home, and the role of women as those who bear children and take care of the housework inside the home. Even today, it is easy to find a culture that distinguishes gender from infancy. Toys, for example; robots and cars are sold for boys, and dolls and toy furniture are sold for girls. Even in fairy tales, the prince is often portrayed as an active and protective person, while the princess is described as someone passive and the one who receives the protection. When it comes to clothes, a boy is looked at strangely when he wears bright colored clothes with floral prints or, when a girl wears dark clothes with dinosaurs on it. There are certainly biological differences between men and women, but these differences must not lead to unfounded stereotypes and social Representativediscrimination.examplesof gender discrimination include refusals to send girls to school, employment restrictions or disadvantages because of being a woman, and sexual exploitation and trafficking of women. In addition, gender stereotypes are a challenge to overcome. Like the prince in a fairy tale, women can actively protect others. Also, men may prefer bright colored clothes.
Gouges, even at the moment she climbed the guillotine, proudly shouted for women’s rights, saying that if a women can climb the guillotine, she can also climb the podium. As the years passed, her courageous act was re-evaluated as one of the beginnings of the gender equality movement. Gouges raised Figure 13-2 woman repairing a car Figure 13-3 male florist Olympe de Gouges, Pioneer of the Gender Equality Movement
The French Revolution of 1789 ushered in an era in which the people directly voted to elect the people’s representatives. However, the right to vote was granted only to the French white men over the age of 25. During this period, women were not considered citizens. At this time, French women’s activist Olympe de Gouges argued that women should have equal rights with men to participate in politics. But the French at the time accused Gouges of losing the mindset that was appropriate for woman in the household. Eventually, she was falsely accused of dividing the representatives of the people and trying to restore the royal power and was executed by the guillotine in 1793. Regarding the case, a Parisian prosecutor said, “Look at this brazen woman who tried to leave her family and go into politics. Ignoring her feminine virtues led her to her guillotine!”
13. Gender Equality 3
4 13. Gender Equality her voice for gender equality and women’s rights, and her sacrifice had a great impact on ensuring women’s suffrage in future generations. Today, women in all countries, except Vatican City, have gained the right to vote.
Also, policies and legislation for gender equality must be supported nationally. If we reduce inequality and discrimination based on Figure 13-4 Olympe de Gouges
Second, we must ensure that women and girls can enjoy the benefits of adequate education. High-quality education can lead to women’s active social participation and economic independence.
First, all forms of sexual violence against women and girls must be abolished. Worldwide, human trafficking, sexual exploitation, and sexual violence occur much more frequently among women than among men. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that women’s human rights are protected from human trafficking, sexual exploitation, and sexual violence.
Efforts to Realize Gender Equality In order to achieve gender equality, the following efforts are necessary.
Third, equal opportunities must be guaranteed for men and women in the decision-making process at all levels, including politics, the economy, and the public sector. We must be aware and careful to not exclude or discriminate against a particular gender. Besides these, practical efforts, such as male and female raising of children and sharing household chores, are required at home.
13. Gender Equality 5 gender through these efforts, it will be a world where both men and women can freely enjoy their rights.
6 13. Gender Equality Reviewing the Lesson 1 What does gender equality mean? 2 What are some examples of gender discrimination? 3 What was guaranteed to the future generations through the influence, efforts, and sacrifices that Olympe de Gouges made? 4 What kind of efforts are needed to realize gender equality? Activities 1 Let’s investigate and share any stereotypes or cases of gender discrimination found at home or school. 2 Let’s share what efforts can be made at home and school to realize gender equality.
Figure 13-1 https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2020/10/22/19/10/male-5676939_960_720.png
Figure 13-4 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Olympe_gouges.jpg
Figure 13-3 https://img.freepik.com/free-photo/small-business-male-florist-flower-shop-makingdecorations-arrangements_155003-27607.jpg
Lesson13. Gender Equality 5th floor 20, Nambusunhwan-ro 347-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South-Korea Tel. +82 02-514-1963 Fax. +82 Thehwpl@hwpl.krhttp://www.hwpl.kr02-514-1961firsteditionon31 July 2022 Published by Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light Copyright 2022 Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light All rights reserved. You must get consent from a copyright owner to use all or parts of the contents of this book. Image Credits
Figure 13-2 mechanic-repairing-car-auto-service-indoors_155003-45871.jpghttps://img.freepik.com/free-photo/portrait-young-beautiful-woman-working-as-auto-
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