LESSON LightofRestorationPeace,WorldCulture,Heavenly 14 WAR LESSON OBJECTIVES 1 Understand the meaning of war. 2 Understand why we shouldn’t go to war. 3 Understand how to choose a peaceful solution, not war. TERMS TO KNOW • Conflict • World War • Peaceful dialogue • Negotiation • International Court of Justice
2 14. War What is War? What is war and why does it happen? In the global village, people of different religions, ethnicities, and ideologies live together. Conflicts are caused by disagreements due to these differences. Conflicts between states and countries or groups may escalate into war if they are not resolved peacefully through diplomacy or politics. War refers to fighting between nations, or groups using force and weapons. The date of the first war is unknown, but war has been around for a very long time. For this reason, it is sometimes thought that war is a human instinct. However, war is not a necessary action that one must do to survive, like eating, and it cannot be said that it is an instinct because there are more people who do not wage war. Then why is there war? When two adjoining countries quarrel over the extent of their land, or there is a conflict between groups Figure 14-1 Battle of Marathon in 490 BC
14. War 3 with different religions, ethnicities, and ideologies, war is chosen as a means of resolving the conflict. However, the outcome of the war shows that it causes bigger problems than the original conflict.
What are the Problems Caused by War? Before the outbreak of World War I, the theory of ‘Just War’ took hold. The ‘Just War’ theory is a theory that distinguishes just wars from unjust wars and recognizes that wars with legitimate causes are acceptable. However, after the outbreak of World War I, the perception that there is no just war and that war itself is wrong began to spread because the damage of war was too great. After a war, many things are destroyed, which greatly hinders the development of the country. All infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, is destroyed and must be rebuilt from scratch. Schools are also destroyed, so students cannot go to school and receive education. Furthermore, because war harms nature and pollutes air and water, many animals and plants die. However, the greatest damage of war is that thousands of soldiers and civilians are killed or injured. This remains and is a huge pain for the remaining family and friends.
Figure 14-2 Victims of the European Thirty Years’ War (1618~1648)
4 14. War
Even those who survive the war often suffer from severe physical or psychological disabilities. World War I killed or injured approximately 30 million people. War is widely used as a subject matter for movies, games, and toys. But in reality, we have to recognize that war leaves people with terrible memories and leaves their homes in ruins. What Efforts are Needed to Resolve War? What other way is there to resolve conflicts rather than war? Besides war, there are various ways for resolving conflicts, such as peaceful dialogue, negotiation, trial, etc. Realizing the horrors of war, people began to formulate a peaceful way to resolve conflicts. When a fight with a friend is not resolved through dialogue, the teacher listens to both sides as a neutral third person and suggests a solution. If such issues between countries are not resolved through diplomacy, they go to a tribunal, which is the International Court of Justice. The International Court of Justice is a judicial body of the United Nations established in 1945 and is located in The Hague, Netherlands. The International Court of Justice is an institution that resolves conflicts between countries based on international law. The Caribbean Court of Justice also exists in CARICOM, an international organization of countries in the Caribbean. These are all attempts to resolve conflicts in a peaceful way.
14. War 5 Reviewing the Lesson 1 What does war mean? 2 What are some reasons why we should not make war? 3 What are some of the peaceful conflict resolution methods? Activities 1 Investigate the damage caused by war and reasons not to go to war, and let’s share and present the contents to each other. 2 Even today, there are countries that are at war. If you could write a letter to the presidents of these countries, what you would say to them? Afterwards, share your letter with others.
Lesson14. War 5th floor 20, Nambusunhwan-ro 347-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South-Korea Tel. +82 02-514-1963 Fax. +82 Thehwpl@hwpl.krhttp://www.hwpl.kr02-514-1961firsteditionon31 July 2022 Published by Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light Copyright 2022 Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light All rights reserved. You must get consent from a copyright owner to use all or parts of the contents of this book. Image Credits Figure 14-1 jpghttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Scene_of_the_Battle_of_Marathon. Figure 14-2 Misfortunes_of_War_by_Jacques_Callot.jpghttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Hanging_from_The_Miseries_and_
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