LESSON LightofRestorationPeace,WorldCulture,Heavenly 37 THE NATIONSUNITED(UN) LESSON OBJECTIVES 1 Understand the background and role of the establishment of the United Nations. 2 Find out the role of the United Nations as an organization. TERMS TO KNOW • Sustainable Development Goals • Paris Agreement
The United Nations (UN) was established on October 24, 1945, to prevent further wars after the end of World War II and to maintain a peaceful and stable international order. When we think of war, we often think of only fighting to take over the territory of another country. However, today’s wars are caused by large and small conflicts around the world for various reasons, including food, energy, and the environment. At this time, it is the task of the UN to effectively deal with and mediate these conflicts based on values of human dignity and equality. The United Nations is responsible for maintaining international peace, protecting the human rights of global citizens, managing the world’s population and food, supporting economic development, promoting trade, and preserving the world’s cultural heritage and natural environment. Currently, there are 193 countries that are members of the United Nations.
Figure 37-1 Headquarters of the United Nations in New York, USA
2 37. The United Nations (UN) The Establishment and Role of the United Nations
UN’s Efforts for the HumanityProsperitySustainableof
The UN General Assembly is a general meeting in which all member states that have joined the UN gather to discuss and decide important issues.
The UN Secretariat is where the staff of the United Nations come together to work, and all UN affairs are handled here. The secretariat staff are sometimes referred to as international civil servants in the sense that they serve the citizens of the world.
The United Nations Court of Justice is an international court established to resolve legal disputes between countries by trial. Although it is a place to settle disputes between countries, there is a governing principle that only when both countries in dispute request a judgment is a judgment given. In other words, if only one country asks for judgement the trial cannot proceed. When a country lacks the ability to govern on its own, the UN Trusteeship Council plays a role in managing the country’s citizens for security administration and human rights.
UN OrganizationsAffiliated
The UN Security Council is an organization that discusses issues that threaten international security and international peace. If the Security Council’s decision is not followed, the UN Peacekeeping may be mobilized to impose sanctions.TheUNEconomic and Social Council is an institution that promotes economic development in the international community and promotes mutual cooperation.
The United Nations launched the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from 2015 to 2030 to reduce poverty and improve quality of life. The agenda consists of 17 main goals, including zero poverty and hunger, health and well-being, quality education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, decent work and economic
37. The United Nations (UN) 3
Figure 37-2 The Paris Agreement was adopted by 195 countries on December 12, 2015
4 37. The United Nations (UN) growth, industrial innovation, etc.
The Paris Agreement is a treaty adopted at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference. Today, climate change has a profound impact on human life. As polar ice caps melt, global sea level rise, and extreme weather events increase, no country in the world is safe from the effects of climate change. Therefore, many countries are putting a lot of effort into reducing the greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change as set out in the Paris Climate Agreement.
37. The United Nations (UN) 5 Reviewing the Lesson 1 What is the purpose and role of the establishment of the United Nations? 2 What are some efforts done by the UN for the sustainable prosperity of humanity? Activities 1 Let’s research and present how the country you belong to is related to the United Nations. 2 Let’s think and share. If you were to work for the United Nations, which organization would you like to work with and what kind of job would you like to do?
Lesson37. The United Nations (UN) 5th floor 20, Nambusunhwan-ro 347-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South-Korea Tel. +82 02-514-1963 Fax. +82 Thehwpl@hwpl.krhttp://www.hwpl.kr02-514-1961firsteditionon31 July 2022 Published by Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light Copyright 2022 Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light All rights reserved. You must get consent from a copyright owner to use all or parts of the contents of this book. Image Credits Figure 37-1 https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/05/19/19/29/un-3414137_960_720.jpg Figure 37-2 Representatives_of_196_CountriesSecretary-General_Ban%2C_and_French_President_Hollande_Raise_Their_Hands_After_https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/French_Foreign_Minister%2C_UN_ at_COP21_in_Paris_%2823076185424%29.jpg_Approved_a_Sweeping_Environmental_Agreement_
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