WRF 2014 by IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Country Representatives 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

country representatives ADESOJI ADEOLU ONI

University of Lagos, Akoka Nigeria

DJUWARI

STIE Perbanas Surabaya Indonesia

GAURANG RAMI

CHEW FONG PENG

KEN KAWASAKI

MAHESHVARI NAIDU

Veer Narmad South Gujarat University India

Kochi University of Technology Japan

JIA YAN

Högskolan Dalarna Sweden

THitima BooncHarean

Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University Thailand

Tiberiu Constantin Florescu

“Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning Bucharest Romania

PEDRO B. BERNALDEZ

Dongguk University in Gyeongju South Korea

University of Malaya, Malaysia

University of KwaZulu-Natal South Africa

KANEEZ FATIMA-SHAD

University of Technology, Sydney Australia

JOSÉ GERARDO MARTÍNEz MARTÍNEZ

University of Puerto Rico – Mayagüez Campus Puerto Rico

Moktar Lamari

L'université de l'administration publique Canada

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

02 IAMURE Vision and Mission 04 IAMURE Book of Abstracts and Conference Proceedings 05 IAMURE International Journals 06 Messages

21 WRF 2014 Awards 30 Board of Judges

contents

19 Conference Programme

31 Essays 44 Synthesis of Abstracts 47 Plenary Abstracts

52 Concurrent Sessions Day 1 71 Concurrent Sessions Day 2 91 Concurrent Sessions Day 3

107 IAMURE Personnel 109 IAMURE Member Institutions Philippine Clients of IAMURE World Clients of IAMURE

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106 IAMURE HYMN

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Vision and Mission

vision & mission

vision

We are the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s leading scientific, multidisciplinary and professional research organization.

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

We commit ourselves to:

• Implement an ISO certified Quality Management System for higher customer satisfaction of global clients; • Establish an effective evaluation system for journal publications of the member institutions;

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

mission • Organize international research conferences for global dissemination and utilization of new scientific knowledge;

• Publish discipline-specific and multidisciplinary research journals for the world.

Vision and Mission

• Recognize researchers and institutions for their achievements in research and publications; and,

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3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Book of Abstracts

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

IAMURE Book of and

Abstracts Conference Proceedings

IAMURE

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

International Journals

International Journals 5

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Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

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elcome to the World Research Festival 2014 at the booming and blossoming Queen City of the South of the Philippines, Cebu City! The Radisson Blu Hotel provides the ultimate experience as we celebrate science, arts and culture with the theme, Research for a Sustainable World!

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The more than 120 papers selected for world dissemination from May 1-3, 2014 represent the best researches from the different disciplines to create a rich flavor of nourishing multidisciplinary researches to feed the various IAMURE international journals. From the keynote speeches to the plenary presentations down to the concurrent sessions, participants are afforded opportunities for scientific interactions illumined by perspectives from different countries.

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Now on its third year, the World Research Festival has become better with our conference protocols getting refined to meet world standards for conferences certified by ISO QMS 9001:2008. The IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research intends to add membership, awards and journal indexing as part of its core services. We are gearing up for membership in the Committee for Publication Ethics (COPE) and Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) both based in the USA to improve our publishing practices. In particular, our institutional members has now reached 34, a feat achieved in less than three years from the time we were founded in August of 2011. Our keynote speaker on that historic occasion of our founding is here as our keynote speaker, Dr. Alvin B. Culaba of De La Salle University and former President of the National Research Council of the Philippines. For the future, IAMURE intends to secure the establishment of offshore branches to cater the needs of different countries and to penetrate Europe and the Americas. We thank our members for the support to these conferences, the Commission on Higher Education of the Republic of the Philippines and the Philippine Association of Institutions for Research. I commend the leadership of Michael Myko Chaves and Jony V Berjes for creatively and deftly managing WRF 2014 as an event of indelible experience. I am deeply grateful to the ten institutions for co-hosting this event. I also congratulate the winners of our World Research Awards for the perspicacity and tenacity of purpose packed in a lifetime of dedication to push the frontiers of research. The month of May is the happiest in the Philippines in which everyday is a fiesta day. It is also the most colorful with the Santa Cruzan and the different religious pilgrimages and festivities. Cebu City has so much to offer in terms of culture, traditions and modernity. Experience nature, technology and people of Cebu City! MABUHAY! GENARO V. JAPOS, Ph.D President, IAMURE

adies and gentlemen, as a country representative from Indonesia, I would like to express my high appreciation to all the participants of world research festival (WRF) 2014, because the participation represents the enthusiasm and the spirit of being great researchers. It is a good idea to have an activity in gathering with the name of world research festival. This is a unique and as far as I know it is also the only one we have in the Philippines.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

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Again, I would also like to say “Welcome to World Research Festival (WRF), in Cebu city, on May 1-3, 2014.” This is a great chance for the theme chosen is relevant to the latest phenomenon today. The theme chosen is “Research for a sustainable world!”

We believe that the fist objective must be beneficial for world student forum. When they can achieve such an objective they can get some beneficial outcomes. Beside they can measure their potentials they can also meet their colleagues with the same professions in the same levels. Not only the first objective but also the second one is also the same important objective. Everyone in the world cannot live alone. Instead, we must work together to achieve a better output. Thus, by having world collaboration, the researchers from various countries can boost their research activities and be recognized worldwide.

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Above all, this WRF 2014 has some objectives which are clearly defined such as (1) to provide a forum for professional and student researchers across the world as means for dissemination and utilization of high impact researches, (2) to nourish collaborations among researchers and institutions in the promotion and production of researches, (3) to recognize meritorious contributions of world researchers and institutions, and (4) to promote quality research publications as credible sources of scientific literature.

For the third objective, the WRF has intentionally appreciated all the researchers who have done research. Thus, WRF this year also appreciates any excellent researchers with their efforts in academic fields. WRF has tried hard to recognize the participants’ research performance. It is a good habit I have ever seen.

As an intellectual, we must not stop at the research results. We can also disseminate them and eventually make the readers erudite. This is the target of the whole objectives depicted in WRF 2014. By enlightening the world public through disseminating our creativity in research which is published in an academic journal, we can enlighten the readers: making the world sustainable in research activities. Last of all, I would say “Congratulations to you all” in this great event. Dr. Djuwari, Ph.D A country representative, STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia, Advisor at the Association of Indonesia Press and Publication, East Java, Indonesia

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Ladies and Gentlemen, when we pin point the fourth objective in this WRF 2014, we are aware of the importance of publishing our research results. This needs a suitable place that is journal publication. They are the academic journals that can publish our articles based on the research we have done. Therefore, IAMURE provides us with such ample place for publishing the results of our research. These research results are then read widely by worldwide public. The mission behind this makes the participants recognized worldwide.

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Messages 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

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irst and foremost, I would like to take the opportunity to express my deepest appreciation and gratitude for inviting me to write a message. I would like to congratulate to International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE) for hosting the World Research Festival 2014 from May 1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3, 2014 at the Radisson Blu Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines. The conference provides a good opportunity for academic institutions and industry professionals to present their science and technology innovation and creation that have a significant contribution to the global world. In the globalized world, advancements in knowledge and innovations in technology made in one part of the world could influence the growth and development of universities of the world, particularly in the fields of science, medicine, engineering, and liberal arts. This is because scholars and researchers in various fields and disciplines share knowledge advancement via journals and books, or via the internet. In Malaysia, there is the emergence of a research drift where a long list of research institutes have been set up to carry outresearch on specific areas such as dengue fever, palm oil, rubber, microorganism, microelectronic system, strategic and international studies, economies and other areas. Research and innovation leads to commercialization of invention in term of process or products which could also lead to new venture creation in the world market which is always demand. It also will definitely convene new and dynamic emergence of all discipline, inter-discipline or trans-discipline of all academic fields which will create new industry for the nation and such notion is the same as the creation of the world top most interdisciplinary research etc to earn such accolades I believe that when people from different backgrounds meet together at the World Research Festival 2014, the creativity, new knowledge, energy and convergence will evolve. With the vision to achieve a modern and harmony society, sustainable research will continue to play a vital role in the development of new discoveries and solutions in the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary field in the world. Congratulation!

CHEW FONG PENG, Ph.D Senior lecturer Faculty of Education University of Malaya Email: fpchew@um.edu.my

elcome to the World Research Festival 2014 at the Radisson Blu Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines from May 1-3, 2014. This yearly event become better and better and generate fruitfull benefits to all participants. The topic is very relevant with us â&#x20AC;&#x153;Research for a sustainable world!â&#x20AC;?. I do appreciate to Dr. Genaro Japos for his idea to choose this attractive topic. He also very concens to motivate multidisciplinary researcher from the world to participate in tis conference.

I do believe that by joining this conference every participants get lesson learned from many perspective in many area how to save our environment and all resources around us. From this forum by doing a good collaboration among institutions and among researcher, a comprehensive research can be created noty only for academic constribution but also for changing our live become better and welfare.

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This conference is very prestisious because the objectives are to: (1) to provide a forum for professional and student researchers across the world as means for dissemination and utilization of high impact researches; (2) to nourish collaborations among researchers and institutions in the promotion and production of researches; (3) to recognize meritorious contributions of world researchers and institutions; and, (4) to promote quality research publications as credible sources of scientific literature.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

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Have enjoy WRF 2014 9

Tatik Suryani, Ph.D President of STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

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Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Messages 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

message Research and Research Publishing for Sustainability ....

esearch is about creating and contributing to fluid bodies of intellectual capital. This intellectual capital however, is meant to be semiotically and inherently ‘creative’ in the sense of being potentially innovative and resourceful. Such a resource allows one to conceptualize this capital in wider knowledge economies and knowledge ecologies and draw thereon within applied and collaborative public contexts. This kind of research also attempts to make real time connections with the substantive world, in other words it recognises the need to contribute to issues of sustainability. For me, research has a critical emancipatory role that is capable of offering a window into pressing societal issues. Gone are the days of ‘blue sky’ research that was often indulgent and ‘navel gazing’, and which used up valuable resources, time and money, to answer questions that had little meaningful or wide social value. Increasingly, researchers have recognised the need for research to become interdisciplinary and indeed transdisciplinary in a bid to stretch their traditional paradigms and perspectives, and offer innovative recommendations to problems that straddle concerns that cover the social sciences, as well as the ‘natural’ sciences. Issues such as poverty, terrorism, HIV/AIDS, species extinction, global warming, gender based violence, sexualities et al. demand collaborative research from multiple disciplinary perspectives and partnerships from the so called ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ (sic) sciences. Indeed the notion of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ sciences (aside from certain parochial corners) have largely fallen away, and boundaries have become permeable. Issues of sustainability most especially demand that collaborative research, and researchers working in a mutually beneficial and collaborative context, engage in confronting ‘real world problems’ Such’ real world connections’ demand points of arrest and fixture (of our work) that is necessarily made possible though our publications. The (‘doing’ of the) research is thus rendered potentially accessible to wide circuits of readers and researchers and, in a more directly applied and advocacy context, through activists, via its textual signification- in other words through our (accessed) publications. Many of us also work on the twin feit accomplis that that doing research is critical, and that publishing that research is both evidence of having done research, as well as more critically, having done ‘good research’ that has been peerreviewed, and which is able to contribute some social value. We enjoy (as we should) our hard earned success in journals with a sustained tradition of what is widely perceived as good quality scholarship. IAMURE serves the twin needs mentioned, a platform and space for researchers to come together and share their research and research outcomes, as well as offer the researcher a critical space to publish their research practices, philosophies and findings within peer reviewed journal publications. This gathering, aptly entitled “World Research Festival’ is a celebration of researchers and research from diverse geographic spaces and is a vital acknowledgement of the critical and emancipatory role of research in contributing to a sustainable future. I wish IAMURE and the researchers here a productive and critically stimulating conference.

Maheshvari Naidu, Ph.D University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Evaluating Sustainability: What Counts and What Should Be Counted?

SD should be seen as a unifying, integrating concept, requiring a prosperous, growing economy undergoing structural transformations leading to a higher standard of living — an economy in which the benefits are equitably shared and distributed, an economy having human rights’ protection, a civil society, democratic participation and sustainability, an economy in which the environment is not being destroyed and future generations will be able to enjoy the same or a higher standard of living. Three fundamental principles form an integral part of SD: welfare, economic efficiency and environmental viability. The social, the economic and the environmental must therefore co-exist in harmony in a mutual synergy favoring SD. For this to happen, the leadership of SD administrative management must take up the new challenges of public management. It is increasingly clear that it is no mean challenge to implement SD principles within the framework of the public administration with its different sectors of intervention: transportation, public housing, infrastructure, public services, education, health, etc. That is understandable; more than ever before, the public administration must assume a crucial role in SD governance. Such a responsibility requires a reference framework of good practices and management and performance indicators permitting to monitor and objectively assess the results of government action.

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Sustainable development (SD) is about managing a complex relationship between transformation of socio-economic systems and the global, latent dynamics of ecological changes that are affecting production processes and reproduction systems of resource sustainability. SD constitutes a resource development system that causes no damage to other systems (both in time and in space) and that maintains living standards in a way so as not to cause physical prejudice or social discontent. The decreased reproduction of ecological ecosystems, correlated to an increase in people’s needs (consumption, intensive exploitation, etc.) forces public administrations to take vigorous public actions. The necessity for government intervention is legitimized by the imperfection of the private market mechanisms concerning behavior prejudicial to SD. Faced with such imperfection (created by externalities and asymmetric collective action), the government should intervene on at least two fronts. First, the government must intervene to regulate practices concerning SD in order to reduce the risks of breakdown and negative impacts. Second, the government must also intervene to combat the scarcity and wasting of resources over time, in particular, to correct market imperfections regarding SD. Government decision makers and managers must therefore take into account time-related parameters (the future and future generations), uncertainty (various ecological risks), space (geographic disparity of the fragility of ecosystems), and the advancement of scientific knowledge in order to make the most effective and appropriate decisions to promote SD.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

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The necessity to evaluate the implementation of the collective action governing SD and related government interventions has gradually become a challenge for program evaluation specialists dealing with SD issues and indicators. Meeting this challenge requires the evaluation of government interventions and practices regarding SD. This evaluation explains the progress, failures and successes in implementing SD policies by measuring the performances of governments committed to this framework. Such an evaluation must also lead to the development of new SD indicators and evaluation approaches, without underestimating the complexity of the traceability of the effects of collective interventions and the collective well-being.

Moktar Lamari, PH.D

L’université de l’administration publique, Canada

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In a similar vein, a reference framework of measurement indicators of the effects of SD must be established using a capital-based approach, including: i) the technological capital (physical capital produced) that describes the production processes of goods and services such as equipment, tools, construction and infrastructure; ii) the natural capital that measures the value of natural resources, biodiversity, endangered species, ecosystems, etc.; iii) the human capital that is focused on the state of physical and mental health, the well-being and productive potential of individuals, as well as the level of knowledge and skills on the job, etc.; and iv) the social capital that measures the assets generated by social networks, mutual assistance, confidence, and dialogue on a societal basis favoring societal cohesion between members and social groups. This battery of indicators can be used to describe different evolutions, realities and dimensions, of which the relevance is dependent on socio-political contexts and evidence-based expectations.

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

message Dear Colleagues: Congratulations on World Research Festival 2014 entitled “Research for a sustainable world!”

Messages

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

n this context the term “sustainable” has many aspects as is well-known. They are mainly regarding human life, environment and natural, i.e., both mineral and biological, resources. Although it is obvious that these three are closely connected with each other, individual researchers have to focus on one of them tactically. My recent works are deeply concerned in sustainability of human life as I presented at WRF 2013 to which Dr. Gerano Japos, the President of IAMURE, kindly invited me. There, I demonstrated that the cultural diversity, of which concept is exactly similar to that of biodiversity in ecology, ensures the sustainability of human life: Extinction of any culture would be to the detriment of human life. The cultural diversity is just like a candle flickering in the wind, the wind of Eurocentrism. This means that we have to overcome not only Eurocentrism but also ethnocentrisms of our own. Here, we are faced with a complex but basic problem. All researchers, including me, accept Eurocentrism at least in our all research areas; we normally make presentations in a scientific manner based on the methods and principles of science intrinsic in the European way of thinking. I really understand that our situation is inevitable. This inevitability is the reason that the cultural diversity is just like a candle flickering in the wind of Eurocentrism. However, from another viewpoint we have a de fact standard for exchanging our results obtained from various types of thoughts in various research areas. I would like to make a special emphasis on the following point: The de fact standard would not show its inherent ability without individual researchers’ epistemological reflections on what they have unwittingly enculturated in their own communities. Then, our epistemological reflections ensure the cultural diversity even though we appear to accept the de fact standard. This is why I strongly encourage researchers to conduct epistemological reflections in their ways. In this sense I greatly appreciate World Research Festival 2014 offering the opportunity for all participants to experience culture clashes and then to conduct their own epistemological reflections.

Best wishes,

Ken KAWASAKI, Ph.D Kochi University of Technology, Japan

congratulate IAMURE Interdisciplinary Research for the conduct of the World Research Festival 2014 held at Radisson Blu Hotel at Cebu City from May 1 to 3, 2014.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

message With the theme “Research for a Sustainable World,” we can surmise that the festival will augur an understanding and eventual practice of research for a better global community, be it in environmental care, governance, technology, or social life.

Three presenters will represent the Colegio. Our research presentations will tell the research community how we do research at Letran Calamba. One of the three papers off for presentation was funded by then CHED-Zonal Research Center for Region IV; the other two were funded by the Colegio’s own Institutional Research Grant Program. Their papers represent a wide array of pragmatic research undertakings: from research management to organizational development. With this initial partnership, we hope this will be the start of research linkage and collaboration that will both see us through this era of a productive culture of inquiry and curiosity through R&D.

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As co-host of this event, Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba wishes to thank IAMURE for this opportunity of research and development (R&D) linkage. The Colegio, through its representative participants, will do all it can to deliver the outcomes expected of a co-host institution.

Thanks a lot and kudos again!

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REV. FR. HONORATO C. CASTIGADOR, O.P. Rector and President Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba Calamba City, Laguna

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

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wish to extend my warm felicitations to the organizers and participants of the World Research Festival (WRF) 2014. This is the third world conference that IAMURE has organized, an indication that this multidisciplinary research body has established a strong partnership with its institutional partners which are now found all over the world. The theme of your conference, “Research for a Sustainable World” speaks well of the heart of IAMURE, its passionate concern for the sustainability of the world’s resources. And this concern is translated into action as all institutional members are invited to present papers that are hoped to effect positive growth among institutions and individuals which could translate to new technologies- new and effective ways of doing things in a fast paced world. Research must empower academics, people in the agriculture and technology sectors and national planners. It must inspire them to embrace the calling of responsible stewardship in order that today’s generation and the generations that will come after will enjoy the bounties and the beauty of Mother Earth. This world research festival must enable everyone to realize that while we enjoy the manifold blessings of Mother Earth, the only earth we have, we are also bound to protect it, as much as possible sustain its original grandeur. I do believe that IAMURE as a global research organization continues to mould new researchers and research leaders whose exemplary and altruistic contributions in knowledge discovery will shape new paradigms that will lead to the recreation of the world and redemption of its peoples and resources.

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

It is my fervent wish that the Book of Abstract which your third global conference will publish inspire other researchers to explore the wonderful and exciting world of research. To the organizers and participants, my deep respect for all of you.

GILBERT R. ARCE, Ed. D. SUC President IV University of Northern Philippines Ilocos Sur, Philippines

oncern for our world’s sustainability goes beyond the mere preservation of our physical world. It has much to do with the issue of development or underdevelopment of peoples. At its very core, it means the promotion of authentic human development.

To try to address this complex concern and its related issues necessarily would mean that various disciplines have to work together through an orderly interdisciplinary exchange and cooperation. More so, this would “mean that moral evaluation and scientific research must go hand in hand, and that charity must animate them in a harmonious interdisciplinary whole, marked by unity and distinction” (Caritas in Veritate no. 31). There cannot be authentic development and sustainable future unless people’s spiritual and moral welfare is taken into account. Paul VI, in his 26 March 1967 Encyclical Letter Populorum Progressio, had seen clearly that among the causes of underdevelopment...is a lack of wisdom and reflection, a lack of thinking capable of formulating a guiding synthesis for which a clear vision of all economic, social, cultural and spiritual aspects is required.

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During the 2013 WRF held in Davao City, Dr. Roberto N. Padua, in his keynote speech on the same theme “Research for sustainable world,” emphasized the need for both survival research and quality of life research. Survival research addresses the core issues of food and space limitation of the planet Earth. Quality of life research deals with concerns that go beyond mere survival but, rather ensure that every human being enjoys a healthy and productive life.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

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Our sincere congratulations to IAMURE as it holds the 3rd World Research Festival and as it continues to challenge its member institutions, particularly the community of researchers all over the world, to always push further ahead in contributing to the formulation of that guiding synthesis guided by a clear vision for a sustainable world. Humbly acknowledging the limitation of human knowledge and the conclusions of science, we make this prayer our own:

Rev. Msgr. Julius C. Rodulfa President, Holy Cross of Davao College, Inc. Davao City, Philippines

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Eternal God, maker of heaven and earth, you draw all creation toward you according to your plan and purpose and renew it through the universal rhythm of life and death. Help us to uncover a hopeful vision for the whole earth, a time when all things will be made new. Amen

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

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AMURE will hold the World Research Festival (WRF 2014) at the Radisson Blu Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines from May 1-3, 2014 under the theme “Research for a sustainable world!”

According to the Survey produced by the UN Department for Economic and Social Affairs, more than 6.25 billion people will be living in cities by 2050. During the period from 2000-2050, developing regions could add 3.2 billion new urban residents, a figure larger than the entire world’s population in 1950. The rapid rate of urbanization underlines the urgency to address multiple sustainable development challenges facing the planet, including many outcomes of the Rio+20 Conference in 2012. New strategies are needed to address the impacts of rapid urbanization around the world, including increasing demands for energy, water, sanitation, public services, education and health, according to the World Economic and Social Survey 2013. Research needs to be intensified in finding coping mechanisms to such challenges and this is where the academicians’ role becomes imperative. It is therefore a welcome initiative of the International Association for Multidisciplinary Research to sponsor this upcoming event where it is expected that researchers on relevant fields vital to sustainability will be presented and discussed upon which conclusions and recommendations may be culled by the organizers and hopefully be forwarded to proper authorities for national, regional and international policy making. This is what scientific research in sustainability is all about: to come up with designs for a more sustainable world.

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

I, therefore, wish the organizers, supporters and participants to the WRF 2014 all the best! Enjoy your stay in Cebu City; it’s more fun in the Philippines! Very sincerely,

Pedro B. Bernaldez, Ph.d Dongguk University in Gyeongju, South Korea

“Research for a sustainable world!”

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

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would like to thank the organizers of this conference for the honor and the opportunity to address this message from Europe, on behalf of the University of Architecture “Ion Mincu” Bucharest, Romania, to all the participants of this prestigious event and to congratulate the initiative of the organizers to bring up this very important topic, of great interest for all researchers around the world.

We can talk about a sustainable world without considering the role of the research field? Certainly not. In this respect, not only in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms, causes and effects of our actions, but especially the scientific research and innovation have a key role. As representative of architecture and urban planning research field, preoccupied to understand the complex phenomena related to the urban growth, the city life and human settlements in general, I consider the topic of the conference as being of great significance to the current scientific world.

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The issue of sustainability has become today a fundamental concern for the XXI century society. It looks almost all fields and is particularly important for our very existence in the modern society from all continents. Sustainability is today the target attribute of the development; the concern for sustainable development ranks first on the priority list of the world today.

For all these reasons I wish more Success to the conference, being confident of its great success, according with the prestige and tradition of conferences organized by IAMURE, which always bring more knowledge and innovation to our world.

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Arch. Tiberiu Florescu, Ph.D Dean of Faculty of Urban Planning “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning, Bucharest Romania - IAMURE Country Representative

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Messages 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

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want to take this opportunity to extend my warmest greetings to the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE) for partnering with us in gathering together global researchers for this World Research Festival (WRF) 2014 this upcoming May 1-3, 2014 at the Radisson Blu Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines. The conference theme that goes, “Research for a sustainable world!” is not just timely but highly relevant in the demands of our times for professionals, researchers, students and practitioners to share new knowledge, solutions and innovations in advancing the educational frontiers in various disciplines. We share the same vision and aspiration of sharing and discussing latest trends, issues and solutions relating to multidisciplinary research. It reflects the organization’s zest in promoting multidisciplinary research findings and outputs among higher educational institutions across borders. Furthermore, this intellectual gathering eloquently expresses the importance members of IAMURE emphasize on establishing linkages and collaboration on the advancement of research in education and sturdy manifestation of knowledge management. My deepest appreciation, as well, to the founder and president of IAMURE, Dr. Genaro Japos on his persistent commitment on actualizing excellent opportunities among professionals to raise the bar of education on sharing new knowledge through research findings. I reaffirm the university’s commitment on long standing support to IAMURE’s agenda of constantly innovating research fora to disseminate and utilize high impact researches. Furthermore, it promotes quality research publications as credible sources of scientific literature. This will serve as an avenue of opening doors of possibilities of research collaboration with other universities. It is our strong resolve in the University of Bohol for a strong faculty and employees’ engagement into high quality research endeavor as this shapes a landscape of critical thinking and creativity in actualizing our university’s vision of “transforming lives for great future.” May our partnership in our research endeavors bring us to greater heights. Congratulations to all members and participants of this conference. God bless!

Nuevas T. Montes, Ph.D Acting President University of Bohol, Philippines

World Research Festival (WRF 2014) Theme: “Research for a Sustainable World!” Day 1 7:31 - 9:00 a.m.

Registration

9:01 - 9:05 a.m.

Invocation

9:06 - 9:15 a.m.

National Anthem of the Philippines National Anthem of Australia Hymn of Guimaras State College Hymn of University of Bohol Hymn of University of the Immaculate Conception

9:24 - 9:31 a.m.

Cebu Declaration: Synthesis of WRF 2014 Abstracts Dr. Mary Gretchen F. Chaves Faculty, Business Management Cluster University of the Philippines – Cebu, Philippines

9:32 - 9:36 a.m. Presentation of Delegates 9:37 - 9:44 a.m. Messages Dr. Rogelio T. Artajo President Guimaras State College, Philippines

9:53 - 10:00 a.m. Dr. Renan P. Limjuco Research Director University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines 10:01 - 10:10 a.m.

Awarding of Winners and Institutional Membership Certificates Outstanding World Researcher Awards 2014 Outstanding World Research Leader Award 2014

10:11 – 10:15 a.m. Introduction of Keynote Speaker

Message 10:51 - 11:00 a.m. Dr. Gismo Viernes Agulan President BCTA Academy, Philippines 11:01 - 11:10 a.m. World Talent Festival 2014 11:11 - 11:40 a.m. Plenary 1: Effects of Learning Orientation on Environmental Sustainability Orientation of Small and Medium Enterprises: The Moderating Role of the Institutional Environment Dr. Hernan Roxas School of Management and Marketing Deakin University, Australia

11:41 - 12:00 p.m. Presentation of gifts to Hosts and Organizers Pictorials - Participants by University/Country 12:01 - 1:30 p.m. Lunch

DR. ISMAEL N. TALILI Master of Ceremonies 1:31 - 6:00 pm

Concurrent Sessions

Day 2 8:01 - 9:00 a.m.

Registration

9:01 - 9:05 a.m. Invocation 9:06 - 9:15 a.m. National Anthem of the Philippines National Anthem of Singapore Hymn of Philippine Normal University – Agusan Campus Hymn of Negros Oriental State University Hymn of Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba

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9:45 - 9:52 a.m. Dr. Nuevas T. Montes Acting President University of Bohol, Philippines

10:46 – 10:50a.m. Oath-taking of New IAMURE Members

Programme

9:16 - 9:23 a.m. Welcome Address and Declaration of the Opening of the Conference Dr. Genaro V. Japos President IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

10:16 – 10:45 a.m. Keynote Address 1 Dr. Alvin B. Culaba Executive Director for External Relations and Internationalization De la Salle University, Philippines

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

programme

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Programme 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

9:16 - 9:23 a.m. Welcome Address Dr. Veneracion G. Cabana Director for Research Mountain View College, Philippines 9:24 - 9:31 a.m. Messages Dr. Adelyne M. Costelo Abrea Executive Director Philippine Normal University – Agusan, Philippines 9:32 - 9:39 a.m. Dr. Don Vicente C. Real President Negros Oriental State University, Philippines 9:40 – 9:54 a.m. Awarding of Winners Outstanding World Researcher Award 2014 Outstanding Researcher of Country Awards 2014 Outstanding Research Leader of Country Awards 2014 Excellence in World Publication Awards 2014 World Publication Productivity Awards 2014 World Research Productivity Awards 2014 World’s Best Abstract Awards 2014 IAMURE World Publication Awards 2014 9:55 - 9:59 a.m. Introduction of Keynote Speaker 10:00 - 10:39 a.m. Keynote Address 2 Dr. Ma. Rhodora G. Odejar Vice President, Academics Division Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba, Philippines 10:40 - 10:49 a.m. World Talent Festival 2014: Concurrent Session Winners (Day 1)

Day 3 1:31 - 1:35 p.m.

Invocation

1:36 - 1:45 p.m.

National Anthem of the Philippines National Anthem of Indonesia Hymn of Misamis University Hymn of Jose Rizal Memorial State University Hymn of Surigao del Sur State University

1:46 - 1:53 p.m. Opening Remarks Dr. Leah Echavez Pilongo Research Dean University of Bohol, Philippines 1:54 - 2:23 p.m.

Awarding of Certificates for Day 1 Concurrent Sessions

2:24 - 2:33 p.m.

World Talent Festival 2014: Concurrent Session Winners (Day 2)

2:34 - 2:41 p.m. Messages Dr. Karen Belina F. De Leon President Misamis University, Philippines 2:42 - 2:49 p.m. Dr. Edgar S. Balbuena President Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines 2:50 - 3:19 p.m.

Awarding of Certificates for Day 2 Concurrent Sessions

3:20 - 3:29 p.m.

Oath-taking of New PAIR Members Oath-taking of New ASE and ASPR Members Oath-taking of New AASE and AASPR Members

10:50 - 11:19 a.m. Plenary 2: Wing Structure Design for Unmanned 3:30 - 3:39 p.m. Aerial Vehicles using Additive Manufacturing Dr. Seung Ki Moon 3:40 - 4:09 p.m. Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

World Talent Festival 2014: Concurrent Session Winners (Day 3) Awarding of Certificates for Day 3 Concurrent Sessions

4:10 - 4:17 p.m. Impressions 11:20 - 11:49 p.m. Plenary 3: The More, the Deadlier: A Case Study of Dr. Judilynn N. Solidum Group Barebacking among Males Having University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines Sex with Males Dr. Bernadeth Luayon Gerodias 4:18 - 4:25 p.m. Dr. Lilian Diana Buston Parreño Southern Philippines Medical Center, Philippines Guimaras State College-Buenavista, Philippines 11:50 am - 1:30 p.m. Lunch DR. ISMAEL N. TALILI Master of Ceremonies 1:31 - 6:00 p.m.

Concurrent Sessions

4:26 - 4:33 p.m.

Dr. Jocelyn B. Panduyos Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines

4:34 - 4:43 p.m.

IAMURE’s Words of Gratitude Jony V. Berjes Executive Vice President IAMURE Multidisciplinary Research

DR. ISMAEL N. TALILI Master of Ceremonies

3rd World Research Festival Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Outstanding World Researchers ALVIN B. CULABA

De la Salle University, Philippines H-index: 15

Awards

SEUNG KI MOON

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore H-index: 9 21

HERNAN ROXAS Deakin University, Australia H-index: 5

University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines H-index: 1

ISSN: 2094-9529

RENAN P. LIMJUCO

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

3rd World Research Festival

Outstanding World Research Leader ROMEO D. CATURAO

Awards

University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus Philippines

Outstanding Researchers of the Philippines

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

LEAH ECHAVEZ PILONGO University of Bohol Philippines

CRAIG N. REFUGIO

Negros Oriental State University Philippines

JEREMIAS L. CONVOCAR West Visayas State University Philippines

3rd World Research Festival Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Outstanding Research Leaders of the Philippines ALMA E. APARECE University of Bohol Philippines

Awards

ROBERTO DV. REVILLA

Colegio de San Juan de LetranCalamba Philippines

JUDILYNN N. SOLIDUM University of the Philippines-Manila Philippines

ADRIAN M. TAMAYO

University of Mindanao Philippines

Mountain View College Philippines

GILMORE G. SOLIDUM

Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

APOLINAR T. PAULICAN

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Awards 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

3rd World Research Festival

Excellence in World

Publication Award JUDILYNN N. SOLIDUM University of the Philippines-Manila Philippines

World Publication Productivity Award RENAN P. LIMJUCO

University of the Immaculate Conception Philippines

3rd World Research Festival Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

World Research Productivity Awards LEAH ECHAVEZ PILONGO University of Bohol, Philippines

Awards

JOCELYN B. PANDUYOS

Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines 25

RENAN P. LIMJUCO

University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines

Guimaras State College, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

LILIAN DIANA B. PARREﾃ前

Distinguished World Book Award

Awards

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

3rd World Research Festival

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Title of the Books:

Moskee ang Bampirang Lamok, Dinudugo Si Dino, Huwag MOKONG Kagatin JUDILYNN N. SOLIDUM

University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines, and

GILMORE G. SOLIDUM

Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Philippines

3rd World Research Festival Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Best Abstract Awards Best Abstract for Education

FABIAN C. PONTIVEROS, JR.

Philippine Normal University â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Agusan, Philippines Title of Study: Exploring Ethnomathematics among Banwaon Tribal Folk: An Ethnography

Awards

Best Abstract for Health Education

ODETTE S. JUSTO

Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines Title of Study:Effect of Endurance Exercise among Filipino Body Builders with Chronic, non-specific Neck Pain and Disability

Best Abstract for Marine Ecology

SHARON J. RAMOS

ISSN: 2094-9529

Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Title of Study:Profiling and Monitoring of Seagrasses: Marine Ecosystem Stewardship

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

3rd World Research Festival

Best Abstract Awards Best Abstract for Ecology and Conservation

PEARL APHRODITE BOBON-CARNICE

Awards

Eastern Visayas State University, Philippines Title of Study: Attenuation of Amoeba in a Clayey and Sandy Soil Amended with Poultry Litter Char

Best Abstract for Social Science

GODOFREDA O. TIROL

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

University of Bohol, Philippines Title of Study: Promoting Inclusivity in Higher Education among Badjaos as Cultural Minorities: The Bohol Experience

Best Abstract for Management

ESTHER L. BALUYOS

Misamis University, Philippines Title of Study: Effectiveness and Benefits of the Adoption of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System in Misamis University

3rd World Research Festival Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

World Publication Awards Pearl Southern Philippines Medical Center, Philippines

GEE MARIE S. BINAG

Awards

BERNADETH LUAYON-GERODIAS

Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines

MARY GRETCHEN F. CHAVES

University of the Philippines â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Cebu, Philippines

DON VICENTE C. REAL

Negros Oriental State University, Philippines

CRAIG N. REFUGIO

Negros Oriental State University, Philippines

University of Mindanao, Philippines

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ADRIAN M. TAMAYO

Radisson Blu Hotel | May 1-3, 2014 | Cebu City, Philippines

Board of Judges

3rd World Research Festival

Board of Judges

PEDRO B. BERNALDEZ Dongguk University, South Korea

JOSÉ GERARDO MARTÍNEZ University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez Campus, Puerto Rico

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

MAHESHVARI NAIDU

MOKTAR LAMARI

University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

L’université de l’administrationpublique, Canada

CHEW FONG PENG University of Malaya, Malaysia

KANEEZ FATIMA-SHAD University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

DJUWARI STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Essays Seung Ki Moon Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

My research can be the basis for developing methodologies to solve problems related to product and service system development, information systems, and engineering management. And, I seek to apply my research to Product and Service Systems Design and Innovation, Global and Sustainable Manufacturing and Supply Chain Systems, and Intelligent System Management Systems for external funding as well as scholarship. My skills and experiences related to various instruments and web technologies can help facilitate â&#x20AC;&#x153;hands-onâ&#x20AC;? laboratories as well as classes. My industrial experiences can not only provide guidelines for integrating academic and industrial concerns to educate interdisciplinary students in engineering programs but also provide a foundation for developing courses for creative and competitive students.

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Dr. Moon has experience and expertise in function based product design, product platform design, and the customized design and manufacturing. Dr. Moon brings significant additional expertise to the research in the areas of strategic market- based platforms and product family designs for products and services. He has conducted National Science Foundation (USA) sponsored research with a general focus on customized design and methodology with specific focus on concept generation and decision-making methods as applied to product design, agent-based design recommendation systems and web applications. Over the last five years, he has supervised the decision-making methods of various consumer product developments and manufacturing. He brings significant additional expertise to the research in the

areas of design optimization, additive manufacturing, and prototyping. He has published more than 60 peer-reviewed journal and conference papers, and book chapters in this research area. He is interested in the boundary-spanning research that integrates the knowledge of design, engineering, and economics. His current focuses include applying sciences and economic theory to the design of customized and sustainable products and services, universal design for human variability, strategic and multidiscipline design optimization, product-service system design and management, and 3D laser additive manufacturing.

Essays

Dr. Seung Ki Moon is an assistant professor in school of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. He received his Ph.D. degree in Industrial Engineering from the Pennsylvania State University, USA, in 2008, his M.S. and B.S. degrees in Industrial Engineering from Hanyang University, South Korea, in 1995 and 1992, respectively. He worked as a Senior Research Engineer at the Hyundai Motor Company, South Korea for eight years before embarking on his PhD degree. After completing his doctoral degree, he joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University for one year as a postdoctoral research associate.

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Essays 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Essays RENAN P. LIMJUCO University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines As a person, I find it is fulfilling to dedicate my time and ingenuity to investigate issues that may stir reflection in everyone. Thus, being a researcher has always given me pleasure that is priceless and unconditional. I have been involved in many research-related tasks as early as 1985. Although my fields are mathematics and physics, I metamorphosed into something that everyone may describe as multidimensional. Therefore, in my quest for truth, I have had countless opportunities to dig deeply into the minds normally wandered only by philosophers, artists, linguists, politicians and other social scientists. Many friends reminded me that this versatility might harm my reputation as a serious math researcher, but I believe I have proven them wrong. Today’s generation, which is characterized primarily by media, internet and politics, seems to welcome more a divergent point of view--- a critical factor to fathom the nature of interdisciplinary and collaborative research studies. As the familiar adage says, “Nobody has a monopoly of knowledge. Everyone needs to fit in as an important piece of a large jigsaw puzzle.” Well, this seed of thought has silenced my overly critical friends. Thus, when I became a research director of the University of the Immaculate Conception, I never doubted at all the applicability of research methodologies to any field of study. I would always think of a paradigm that can give prominent places to new constructs, concepts and variables essential to address any interesting issue. When I became an active member of PAIR and IAMURE, I immediately saw the need to bring with me my fellow faculty scholars to research conferences and conventions. I aim that they too would have chances to share the findings of their research apart from learning how research has to be packaged in the form of publishable articles that may find a wider readership in an international milieu. Aside from my eight international publications, my important contribution to the world scientific community has been my personal commitment promoting the expertise and capabilities of the Filipino researchers in international research conferences. I also dedicate myself in assisting them to seize their “moments to shine” as they package themselves and their pieces of scholarly works for public dissemination and scrutiny. To impart the idea

to every circle of researchers that “research is the highest form of intellectual activity” has become my noblest agendum as an international researcher. My evolving performance is a product of many interactions and events. Those who know me will not be awed anymore by my series of goal settings and successes as a researcher. I believe I have established my penchant for excellent achievement since I was a little boy. This testimony is rather cliché since most of the researchers are born this way or at least that is how I perceive it. Nevertheless, my family is the strongest force for what I have become to be. My father is an experimental funny guy and my mother is the most patient, enduring and hardworking woman I have ever met in my entire existence. I have inherited their qualities and only God knows how thankful I am to have them as my parents. I owe my creativity to them. Since I was a kid, I have always injected my ways and my views with so much originality and inventiveness leading to a point where I would be regarded as an outcast. Well, I guess I was just born 35 years ahead of my time. I have always loved being a divergent. Today’s generation is, in fact mine, but I think I just have to settle in only watching myself as portrayed by the young. The employers who have embraced my uniqueness can say a lot of amusing things about me. In the professional level, all these manifestations are packaged now as strength of character or even flexibility and I thank them always for their generosity to accept my being different. This character, I soon discovered, is what makes me easily connected with different types of people but certainly not to all. As a researcher, this blend of personalities in me has given me the winning edge. I now embrace tightly my destiny. I think and feel that I have been blessed by God many gifts. Things before that were confusing me are making sense now. I bet this is another gift of discernment---the wisdom at being 51, if I may say so. Why it is so natural for me to reflect, search, criticize, create, write, compute, speak and argue about issues at hand is just indeed only a parcel of being a researcher--- the person I was meant to be. The greatest joy, though, is to fulfill such destiny without losing that innate personality who was welcomed to experience the beauty of the world on April 8 of 1963 at the rustic panorama of Norala, South Cotabato. I have always been the same. Sir Isaac Newton’s immortal lines capture my ideals as a person and as a researcher. He said, “I do not know what I may appear to the world, but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the seashore, and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.” I wish a legacy like that.

Romeo D. Caturao University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines

On my personal level, the confluence of factors that contributed to my present status as a published researcher are honesty, patience, hard work, and persistence to find answers to the research problems, and trust and faith in God. Honesty has something to do with the correct practices of conducting and reporting data from the experiment. I know that incorrect and manipulated data will result to unsound decision making and wrong procedures in doing experiment and cannot be replicated by other scientists and used by the end users of the industry. This will also result to wasted government funds because authors are only after for promotion, recognition, or even awards without considering the validity and reliability of their results, and consequently the social responsibility of their research outputs. My being honest is attributed to my parents who taught me to become honest and God fearing. On the other hand, my being hard working, and persistence to find answers to the research problems, and to conduct research and published these research results are attributed to SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department and Dr. Flor J. Lacanilao when I was still a researcher at SEAFDEC AQD. Dr. Lacanilao was formerly the Chief of the said international research institution for several years for 3 terms, Chancellor of UPV and retired professor of the Marine Science Institute at UP Diliman, Quezon City. May be I was born to help those who needs my expertise in the field of aquaculture, and those poor but deserving students who wants to pursue an education to make them live sustainably in the future, aside from my family. With my heart full of love and desire to help these people improved their standard of living, each year I have 8 to 10 students sent to college to get a degree in fisheries. They stayed with me and assist me in the implementation of aquaculture projects of the college of fisheries, especially in the breeding and hatchery operations of economically cultivable freshwater species. During their graduation, I felt full of happiness, satisfied and blessed by the Lord Jesus Christ and God the Father, that I have saved several souls, by teaching them the value of honesty and working hard, conduct proper research in fisheries and land a job for their future. Though I am not rich in terms of money, but I am blessed with so many friends who loved me and respect me as a person. I will continue to do these noble tasks/activities - activities that are very pleasing to the eyes of our Creator, until I retire from this earth.

ISSN: 2094-9529

Particularly at the University of Antique, Tibiao, Campus, where the lead course is Fisheries, where I reside and teach in the College of Fisheries, and at the same time the Director for Research, Extension and Continuing Education Services (RECETS) and Dean of the College of Fisheries, I can humbly say, that I was able to improved aquaculture production (tilapia, pangasius, white shrimp, and hybrid catfish) which led to the increased income of the University. Fish hatchery facilities, fisheries training center, and phycology laboratory were improved through collaborative research and funding from SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department in Tigbauan, Iloilo; Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources; Korean International Cooperation Agency; and the National Agriculture and Education System, under CHED Central Office, Manila. Enrolment in the College of Fisheries has also improved from 3 to 5 students in 2005-2007 to 40 to 49 from 2008 up to the present. This made the College of Fisheries the Provincial Institute of Fisheries from 2009 to the present. Consequently, research outputs in the College of Fisheries and other colleges have been improved significantly through research capability building, and conducting quality research in the campus. Encouraging them to present and publish their research outputs to IAMURE is a possibility this year and the years to come when their papers are ready. My research outputs and awards were considered by the whole university as the major accomplishments which paved the way for the renewal of the University President from 2013-2016. Corollary to the improved research activities, was the increased extension services not only in college of fisheries but also in other colleges which made

My most important contribution to the world scientific community is the knowledge on aquaculture and ecological researches. Research results are not only used by local researchers and practitioners but are cited by different authors from the different parts of the world because these were published in the international refereed journals such as; aquaculture journal, journal of plankton research and the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center publication. Moreover, the said publications have earned 50 citations since 2008 with an equivalent h-index of 4 and â&#x20AC;&#x201C;i10-index of 3. I published in the international refereed journals because I wanted my research papers to undergo rigorous process of peer-review, made accessible for international verification of results, and would be read and cited by research scientists in relation to their own field of specialization.

Essays

The knowledge that I have contributed to my home country or to the country of residence was in terms of aquaculture and ecological researches. It has made significant contributions in science and technology for the aquaculture industry. Specifically, my researches on the economics and culture of mud crab, seaweeds, microalgal species, and the distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton, and on harmful and toxic algae, had endeavoured to respond to the needs of the industry practitioners, government agencies, and other researchers. These guide various aquaculture practitioners in their profitability analyses before implementing their projects. On the ecological research, it has responded to one of the major recommendations of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (or Earth Summit), which was to establish integrated coastal zone management to protect coastal ecosystems and achieve sustainable development of coastal areas. By sustainable aquaculture, we mean the appropriate use of coastal resources for aquaculture technologies and development consistent with the present and especially, the future needs.

Tibiao campus one of the center of excellence in fisheries and in education of the country today - the partner of local, and provincial government in the socio-economic development of Antique.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Essays

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Essays 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Essays LEAH ECHAVEZ PILONGO University of Bohol, Philippines 1. Knowledge contribution to your home country and or the carried country of residence. As the Dean of Research of the University of Bohol, I intend to lead the research front in producing timely research in line with the themes of the university research agenda that are relevant to inform the decision-makers or stakeholders in promoting knowledge and best practices in the academic, institutional and community extension. I commit to nurture the research culture in the university that the faculty and employees will come up with high quality research outputs with the collective diligence and intellectual rigors that ensure respect, honesty, integrity and transparency. A research culture in the university that aims to hone all the more the faculty and employees to undergo courageously the process of presentation and publication, thus, making their work accessible to the global readers. I am looking forward that the research culture will be nurtured to shape and improve practices, programs, policies that address short and long term challenges within the university, or issues in the local and global community. Eventually, a multiplier effect will follow; the students will also actively engage in producing high quality research outputs and be equipped better as future leaders in their respective fields of discipline. 2. What has been your most important contribution to the world scientific community? I have contributed to the world of the scientific community through the conduct of high quality research in the fields of gender and development, children, young people and youth, basic and higher education studies, I adhere to promote a culture of open and inclusive dialogue, information sharing for the betterment of the academic community, and our local and global communities, as well. The results of the Mainstreaming Gender Equality and Development guided policy-makers in the institution that I am working with to enhance programmatic areas to be more gender-fair in the policies and practices. During the presentations in conferences, it guided other institutions and stakeholders on the best practices of our school in promoting gender equality. The usability of the research findings on my study on Risky and Sexual Behaviors of the University of Bohol provided inputs for the stakeholders to address the glaring concerns of adolescents. In the university, clear programmatic

measures in the hard and soft curricula must be clearly crafted, and these are works in progress to enable the young adults to learn how to delay gratification and be more responsible in their actions. 3. On a personal level, discuss the confluence of factors that contributed to your present status as a published researcher. You may reflect on the role of your family, the role of significant others, educational institutions, employers, and your personal values, work habits, attitude, learning from failures, and religion (if applicable) My family and the Jesuit education, and the schools (St. Mary’s School in Cagayan de Oro City and Sacred Heart for Boys in Cebu City, and currently the University of Bohol) I’ve worked and I have been working with have greatly influenced my educational, professional and personal development. I need not dwell so much how my family influenced me in all aspects of development, suffice it to say that I’ve been primarily molded from a family who believes in love and to the “more of life.” Who adheres to be “other” oriented at the same time being able to take care of one’s self, simply because one cannot give what one does not have be it in material possession or the giving from the inner self. Fortunately, what I have learned in my formative years were being nurtured and honed in the university that I attended with. As a student, it was inculcated in my hearts and my minds, Xavier’s motto: To be a person for others. My parents were both teachers; I followed their footsteps, and so did my other sister. My other older sister, though not teaching spent her life in development work with a Non-Government Development Organization. One of the milestones in my life was when I decided to join the Jesuit Volunteer Program (JVP) right after graduation. It was a turning point wherein one decides to go for a lucrative job and be able to buy what I wanted rather than ask from my family what I need and the other extras young people think they need, but adults classified them as wants. To opt for volunteer work requires grit and guts, a genuine heart for people who have less in life. It was putting a face to the social issues we discussed in the classroom and the family and was testing ideas and ideals in real life situation. Furthermore, being with people in the countryside gave me a grounding of what to prioritize in life as well as taught me lessons in empowering people by letting them help themselves. The second milestone was joining the teaching profession after my volunteer work. I started at as a High School teacher at St. Mary’s School in Cagayan de Oro and I was fortunate to be under the wings and tutelage of the late Dr. Mike Costello. He taught me the very basics of teaching as well testing and measurement of student’s performance. I moved to another teaching job in high school for boys and then I went back to my home province to teach at the University of Bohol. I spent one

staff. I believe that the best is yet to come in the research front of my university.

Although I am in an academic setting, I have never turned my back from voluntary and community work. I am very much involved in the organizing work within and outside the university. I am involved in the outreach activities of the university, specifically in the areas where we have adopted schools and adopted communities.

4. In your discernment, why were you born and what difference did you make in the world and what is your destiny and legacy which you want to be remembered by people even beyond your lifetime?

With all of those professional undertakings, I adopt an outlook that life is a continuous learning process, be it in a formal and informal/non- formal setting. That is what I grab opportunities or even difficult situations into great learning experiences particularly in the research engagement. I look forward to a multiplier effect among the faculty members in the University who ventured into presentation and publication to mentor the rest of the teaching and non-teaching

It is my aspiration that the University Research Center (URC) can build on a sturdy reputation as highly reliable source of data and information locally and internationally. Furthermore, the URC can have strong local and global linkages and enduring partnerships with other institutions and organizations on collaborative research outputs and avenues for exchange of knowledge. I strongly believe that some of the seeds fell into fertile grounds and these faculty members will have a ripple effect in cultivating the research culture of the university. The concept of MAGIS in the faculty’s engagement into research, and in the process, they can tie up the realities in the field and bring them up to be distilled as theory and practice blend together in making classroom instruction more outcome-based for students.

ISSN: 2094-9529

These research endeavors prepared me with my post as the Dean of Research in the University of Bohol last year. It posted a lot of hurdles because I started from scratch including the revision of Research Handbook of the University with the full support of the Vice-Presidents, and the implementation of the research culture of the school that had not tread into the grounds of publication. A simple discussion with the Chair of the UB Board of Trustees, Engineer Jes B. Tirol, who mentioned the name of Dr. Genaro Japos in our conversation whom he believed that surely can help us in the process of publication. Indeed, the BOT Chair was right; Dr. Japos patiently walked me through the process of publication. After that, the Research Office proposed to the Vice-Presidents of the University the need for faculty members to produce research outputs in line with the themes of the University’s Research Agenda on academic, institutional or extension/community involvement fronts every year as a starter for the implementation of the research culture of the University. More allocation for research budgets to send faculty and employees for Research Presentation.

Essays

My sister who is into research in XU and AREU Afghanistan ignited my passion for research when she engaged me in cleaning data gathered from the fields, and I appreciated the very tedious process of long nights just to beat deadlines. The patience, perseverance and the need for accuracy in the whole process are highly emphasized in the writing stage that sprouted in me to relish every opportunity in engaging into local, national and international research projects. I ventured into research projects as Bohol Migration Nexus, Credit for Better Health Project, Bohol, Parental Involvement in Adolescent Health and Development and among others and my international research project as an External Evaluator on the Young Leaders for Peace under the Youth For Peace Project in Cambodia. Lately, I co-authored a research paper on Why Minors Undertake the Unaccompanied Journey – a study collaborated with AREU and UNHCR.

I believe on the line that goes, “everything happens for a reason,” and that includes my existence. Every day is an opportunity to actualize what is God’s plan in my life, and it is my choice to give the best I can from simple to complicated tasks that I am confronted with. Since I am in the academic community and a leader in the research area, a need to promote the university’s relevance in transforming lives for a great future; the university as a molder of young people who will be responsible adults and can take over the reins of the country as they graduate. Thus, the University of Bohol has an important role to play in training productive people for the future, and the research component is an important cog in the wheel of the organizational process. A need to lead a bolder stride to meet and later exceed expectations to implement the strategic direction of research engagement among its faculty members. There are gigantic tasks ahead of me; even the implementation of certain research policies and for the teaching and non-teaching staff to see the significance of research engagement on their personal and professional advancements. The utilization of the research findings as grounding for theories and concepts in classroom instruction, and as guides for better policies and programs that would affect positive change among the different colleges and departments and the whole institution.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

year of volunteer work right after my graduation in 1991 and then since then I’ve been in the teaching profession.

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Essays 36

Essays Jeremias L. Convocar West Visayas State University, Philippineses

Knowledge contribution to your home country and or the carried country of residence. Various recurring and persistent health problems that doesn’t respond to any medical treatment like insomnia, fatigue, migraine, nervousness, asthma, rheumatism, arthritis and cancer were associated to geopathic stress. People should be aware that there are places on the surface of the earth which can cause serious health problems for people who stay over them for a long period of time. Geopathic stress are harmful energies, is natural radiation that rises up through the earth and is distorted by weak electromagnetic fields created by underground subterranean running water, certain mineral concentrations, and geologic faults. We cannot move or alter it, but it can be easily detected or located using a simple dowsing technique. Once the zone is located, persons were advised to move away in order for them to regain their normal health conditions and to avoid or prevent from its harmful effects.

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

What has been your most important contribution to the world scientific community? Validated the existence of geopahtic stress zone, its location, its adverse effect on human health, and how it will be avoided. I determined that the parts of the body directly exposed over GS for a period of time will be most affected and will serve as basis in determining the prevailing geopathic stress health related problems. On a personal level, discuss the confluence of factors that contributed to your present status as a published researcher. You may reflect on the role of your family, the role of significant others, educational institutions, employers, and your personal values, work habits, attitude, learning from failures, and religion (if applicable) Life is not a matter of chance but a choice. One must decide what, how, and when to achieve something in life, then

give his/her very best with strong conviction and passion (persistence, perseverance, and determination) to get it regardless of hindrances that dragging down on the way. Endeavor as a published researcher is like sailing a ship. The right combination of factors is needed to keep it floating and in the right direction. The collective effort and contribution of several people got the project started and steered the researcher towards its fruition. My late sister Yaline, whose mysterious ailments challenged the researcher to explore and disclose the phenomenon behind her death (“Sickhouse Syndrome”). My wife and son Yvonne and James, for the love, understanding, and inspiration; Dr. Genaro V. Japos, president of IAMURE and Miss Irish Jane Balios, the managing editor for selfless support, kindness, consideration, and understanding in extending assistance for the refinement and publication of my research manuscript; The WVSU Lambunao Campus Research Office personnel and friends for the moral and financial support extended; and above all Lord JESUS Christ, the One True God and Everlasting Father, who deserves all praises and glory, for the unconditional love and inspiration in pursuing this painstaking yet rewarding phase of scientific endeavor. In your discernment, why were you born and what difference did you make in the world and what is your destiny and legacy which you want to be remembered by people even beyond your lifetime? I was born in this world with a special purpose. In little and humble ways I could be an instrument to set men free from bondage of ignorance. Lord JESUS said (John 8:32), “And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free”. Of truth that if anyone will stay for a long period of time over geopathic stress zone his/her health problems will deteriorate, but if he will move away her/his health problems will just disappear. People should be aware of the existence of geopathic stress, its nature, its effect on health, and how it will be avoided. Life is more than anything in this world… its worthy to remember persons behind who significantly contribute to sustain and protect it…even at the coming of our great God and Savior JESUS Christ (Titus 2:13).

Gilmore G. Solidum Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Philippines

A line from the famous movie Spiderman goes this way, “with power comes responsibility”. Becoming a leader comes with both power and responsibility. While, power gives one the opportunity to influence people and effect change in their lives, responsibility should be a reminder that a leader should at all times be worthy of emulation as he is a role model.

Research, the second function of higher education, is a more challenging aspect. Research is misconstrued to be technical, difficult, time-consuming and expensive. But research is the foundation of knowledge. It is the component that help shape any discipline or field of study. Research is the skeleton of every profession. Through research, knowledge is generated. Using research, we explain phenomena of many events and relationships. With research, we see the world in many different angles and colors. When education is research-based, the diverse points of views are respected and appreciated. As a manager in the educational arena, I am in a very good position to enjoin other people to see research in a kaleidoscopic lens. In so doing, colleagues in the academe will

Extension service is, among the three functions, probably the least engaged task amongst many educators. I believe, however, that it is the function that reflects the sense of social responsibility of every educator. Offering one’s expertise for the benefit of the community and the grassroots is a form of giving back to the community. It is one’s service to the country, a simple contribution to national development. Leading by example in this respect is a Herculean task as time is always an obstacle. But there is always a way if there is a will. Leaders need to at the forefront of service so other may follow. Doing all these will not be possible without the help of many people. My family is my major support system. My wife is my co-implementer in many activities, co-researcher and co-investigator in many occasions. But most of all, she is my strength and inspiration. My children are my gems. Their mere presence relieve all my fatigue. Their love removes all the hurts that this unfair life brings. My students are a reminder thattomorrow will be brighter because they will continue the legacy of searching for the truth. My colleagues keep me on my toes as the academic community is full of pressure to continuously upgrade one’s knowledge base and skills. My mentors taught me that life is a never-ending learning process. Where am I and where do I go from here? I am in the academe. I am in a position of leadership. I can influence people and I will use it to effect positive change in the lives of those people whom I will have the opportunity to touch. I will devote the power that was given me to pave the way for a more effective teaching-learning environ. I am holding myself responsible and accountable for the kind of students that I will produce. I will endeavor to make the world a better place in my own little way. And at the end of the day, I will sleep comfortably knowing that I have done what I have been born to do ... give glory to Him by using the talents that I was entrusted with.

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The teaching task is probably the most prominent function of tertiary education. The transfer of knowledge from the teacher to the student is a great challenge for it will, after completion of all curricular requirements, produce professionals that will determine the direction of this great nation. Education is the exploration of knowledge. It is also the refinement of knowledge that already exists. In another sense, education can simply be labeling a concept or construct that has not been acknowledged for a long time. The educator draws the raw knowledge from people and processes them so it becomes a relevant and meaningful experience to the learner, something that is useful as one traverses through life’s path. As an academic head, the pressure to motivate teachers and students to keep pace with the fast movement in the knowledge era continues to be a challenge.

My experience as an educator and researcher enriched me as a person and as a professional. As I have mentioned earlier, engaging in research has allowed me to see the world in a more exciting way, it has made me more accepting of things that are initially Greek to me. In short, it has made me an improved being. I have opened my mind to the plight of male sex workers and their risk of HIV/AIDS, the growing public health concern of children suffering from intestinal parasitism, the reactions of cancer patients to their treatment, and the interaction of psychosocial factors in the academic life of students. Investigating the utilization of research among professional nurses and determining the disaster preparedness of university students enabled me to design specific training programs for the said areas. Research is an enabler and is empowering.

Essays

As Dean of the College of Nursing of the City of Manila’s premier university, I am given the rare chance to contribute to the betterment of the future of the “hope of our motherland”. The triadic function of higher education that I need to implement is a challenge to ensure that my students and faculty members become, at the end of the day, holistic individuals.

find research personally fulfilling and intellectually satisfying. In so doing, they too will join the bandwagon of the search for truth, discovery of knowledge and propagation of wisdom.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Essays

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Essays 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Essays Judilynn N. Solidum

University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines “Ang taong di marunong lumingon sa kanyang pinanggalingan, ay di makararating sa Kanyang paroroonan”. This is a long standing reminder of our Lolo and Lola. If this saying is true to its every word in it then perhaps..just perhaps I have looked back and still looking back from where I came from because I have raced miles more than where I thought I am destined to go. Poverty, underemployment, unemployment, graft, corruption, drugs, flesh trade, heightened vulnerability of the vulnerable, environmental degradation that led to devastating calamities, public health deterioration to site a few, generally define the Philippines. These characteristics would discourage people to reside in the third world country that we are inhabiting now. It would take sincere love for the now generally infertile soil of the land for one to stay rooted in the place of bloom. It would take a fiery spirit of hope for recovery from the seeming unending down slopes for one to take the unpredictable tram ride in the very road that made one travel all years of existence. It would take one full conviction to acknowledge that the blood that flows in one vein is the same as that which flows in another. This very conviction is the strongest unifying bond to allow the supposedly endowed to reach out to the undeserved. Where I am needed, there shall I go. Saying such is one thing, doing it is another.i have been trotting around for 44 years now plus one year of cradle care after I opened my eyes to the light of the Philippines from the dark but fun, watery bed of my mother’s womb. I was schooled in a religious affiliated private Pre school, Elementary and High School. Maybe that was essential to form the morals that laid my life’s foundation. Brave that I was, I took only one college entrance examination that of the University of the Philippines College Admission Test. Maybe, I was placed in UP to prepare me in being embedded to where I am needed that which will give service to the Philippine society. Everything happens for a reason they say but normally the reasons come decades after its occurrence. I know this for a fact because I believed the accounts of those sporting salt and pepper crowns and as I slowly get my share of that crown, I have proven what they have claimed...hmmmm very evidence based In the University of the Philippines, I have been forewarned not just once or twice that the pace going up is quite slow. Most told me that it is a woman’s career. Good thing that I am a woman by sex and by gender. I vowed to make each day, one that is worthy of recognition ( only according to the standards I pegged

of course), hence I learned to take things one day at a time and give my utmost best each time. I employed my vow in the areas of Academics, Research and Community Service. If garnering Very Satisfactory to excellent teaching rates dictate excellence in academics then perhaps I have excelled in that craft. If receiving UP Professorial Chair Awards every year, after finishing all academic related enhancements and receiving Awards in both National and International levels are indices of exemplary research work, then perhaps I did my best in that field as well. If being recognized by National and Local Government agencies for efforts put in, in improving the health of Filipinos, then perhaps I have been of good service to the society. I must admit that research gave the added pand an flavor to my career. Primary data from my researches have been used in daily teaching engagements and have been utilized in community extension services. These data were on the Ecotoxicology in Metro Manila, Philippines and expired medicine contaminations in the same area, bioremediation of contaminations using biodegradable peel and shell wastes with heavy metals as particular interest, Drug and nutrition discovery using biodegradable peels, Control of dengue outbreaks through lecturette storytelling using the research offspring original story, work and coloring books for children,and review of the drugs in the Philippine National Drug Formulary. As these data assist in molding the best minds and service oriented fresh blood in the Philippines, I believe that pieces of me goes with it all over the country. As I directly aide different communities in need as lecturer, storyteller, facilitator rolled into one and share my expertise to National teams in improving Filipino Health, I know that I have been leaving a marked difference to different lives. Many of those whom I have touched followed the challenging but fulfilling road to research. Sulong kabataan! Everything must be firmly anchored onto something. I am anchored to my Institution the University of the Philippines. The up bringing it gave me brought me to my humble footing. Its well meaning shoulder taps for every good deed and contribution kept me going. I am indebted to my few select friends who always remind me that what I do is far humongous than the challenges I meet along the way.I am anchored to the love and joys of my family. Nothing matters more than my husband Imo, daughter Gitzie and son Banchinggoi as all things matter because of them. Above all I am anchored to my faith that His hands are steadily holding mine and is actually the One who brought me where I am. We are in a third world country. We are all here for a reason. I know I am here because I am needed here for whatever little scientific relevance I can pitch in. In a talk I recently delivered, I stated that “a difference” need not be grand. Our minute initiatives when totaled might surprise us because our 1+1 might not equal 2 but 3. That is what I call working hand in hand for synergism. I can do more in a place that starves for genuine care and that makes it more fun in the Philippines. Isang Mapagpalayang araw at Mabuhay!

Knowledge Contribution to My Home Country Dr. Roberto DV. Revilla Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba Calamba City, Laguna In terms of my research interest and leaning, I think I was able to contribute well to the construal process leading to understanding of research culture in the academe. Two of my research undertakings can prove this point:

The first research venture made use of triangulation as a data gathering technique and embraced a post-positivist lens. My own doctoral research, on the other hand, adopted a Kellian lens (from constructivist-postmodernist psychologist George Kelly, 1963) of the construal process and made use of multiple reading of texts as an analytical method. In retrospect, I can consider that my knowledge contribution in my own locale may be gauged in terms of research focus and methodology. My succeeding research engagements either dwelled on research culture or adopted enriched reading of texts as a method.

Reason why if there is a knowledge contribution I was able to forward these past few years, this could collectively be in the form of my discursive, constructivist researches on research culture. In all of my research engagements, my communication bias towards message analysis may also be seen.

My most important contribution to the world scientific community may be my own engagements in my discipline or field of study, which is research and communication. My paper presentations here and abroad, in my capacity as an academician and research leader, can attest to these engagements. My interest towards a multi-level reading of texts and my own brand of looking at research as sense-making process may further define that contribution. My funded researches, including my own graduate study, looked at research as storytelling or research as the researcher’s story. In most of these papers, I made use of the “I” perspective and had written them as if these were my personal narratives. For I believe that research, more than anything else, is the voice of the researcher himself. It is his subjectivities that provide interpretive richness into his analysis of research stories or data. In a global community that looks at research as the researcher’s personal story, I think my most important contribution to the scientific world would be that of arguing that positivism has long been dead and it is constructivist research that now makes a plausible sense of our social world. It is a bias I celebrate and share with my own conversation or discourse community. The Confluence of Factors that Contributed to My Present Status as a Published Researcher If I would summarize my research influences, I would categorize them into three: my previous and present work; my graduate school mentors; and my present institution.

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For instance, my paper on research stories and metaphors (2013) was another research culture-related study. My latest paper, on the other hand, adopted a multi-level reading of texts in surfacing mentoring constructs from multi-vocal narratives emanating from the mentors, mentees, and myself as a privileged reader (2013).

My Most Important Contribution to the World Scientific Community

Essays

1. Our CHED-Zonal Research Center-funded project looked into the research motivational factors among private HEIs in the CALABARZON Region-Philippines (2012); and 2. My own doctoral dissertation surfaced the research constructs of our organizational community (2012).

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Essays

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Essays 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

My previous work in research-related institutions prepared me to my present status as a researcher and research leader. After college, I worked at the Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) based at Los Banos. I worked there as a Science Research Specialist, engaging in the communication aspect of research monitoring and evaluation. Eventually I also worked at then UPLB-CHED-Zonal Research Center for Regions IV and V based at the University of the Philippines Los Banos during its pioneering years. I worked there as a University Research Associate, in charge of facilitating the screening of research proposals for funding and conducting capacitybuilding programs. My present work at Letran Calamba further honed me to what I am now. I started out as a research moderator, then I was eventually appointed as Research and Development Director. My passion and competencies to do research and manage my own institutionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research programs led me to my present post as Vice President for Research and Development. The trust given me in my present workplace works well in terms of building up my own confidence and capability as a research leader. Looking back, I also owe much of what I am now from my graduate school mentors from UPLB and UP Diliman, who instilled in me the love for research and the passion to keep that fire burning. Foremost of whom was my own dissertation adviser Dr. Ma. Celeste Cadiz, whose belief in my own level of abstraction taught me how to defend my own stand. Another was Dr. Jean Saludadez, who gave me a qualitative lens. My Diliman mentors Dr. Fernando Paragas and Dr. Lourdes Portus gave me a new research vista: that of a bricolage or construction process. And yet another UPLB mentor Dr. Anna Quimbo gave me a better view of research: one that appreciates and embraces both the quantitative and qualitative paradigms or perspectives.

My students and co-workers and bosses also contribute continually to what I am now: for that acceptance and appreciation of things that I do and produce through research. All these people, along with my family, friends, and my discourse community and the Good Lord make possible the research person that I am now. My Destiny and Legacy I was born so I can bring light and solace to others. I could not claim that I do that every time. In the work that I do, research was once likened into a light that provides us a sense of direction. To an extent that is what I can do in the job that I perform in the workplace, for my students, co-workers, and research consumers or beneficiaries by helping them make informed decisions using research results as an empirical basis. If there is something that I would like to be remembered for, it is that of being a patient worker. God knows the many things that I have endured so I can be what I am now and where I am now. Was too patient working on researches I was tasked to do, going far beyond the expectations of my institution or of the funding agency; I had the same patience exerted over the long years it took me finishing my graduate program and dissertation. But good things are worth doing and they are worth doing well. That is how I would want to be remembered. Someone who took the pains of doing thingsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;whether researchrelated or notâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;without giving up, despite the long hours or even years of doing and finishing them. And someone who would always tell the story afterwards. As you can see, I also keep a personal blog site, which I call Bobbetcentrism (www. bobbetcentrism.com), where I write my daily travails and victories as stories or as personal narratives. Hence, I want to be remembered as a storyteller as well.

ALMA E. APARECE University of Bohol, Philippines 1. Knowledge contribution to your home country and or the carried country of residence.

2. What has been your most important contribution to the world scientific community?

My commitment to look into the world of young people, the way they think, their mode of valuing, taking risks or taking sides is now best expressed in the series of researches undertaken. This is a way of championing the unknown possibilities and gifts of the young people. This is a concrete mode of investing the best treasures that we have as a country.

The fascination for new knowledge was anchored on the enquiry method introduced by the Student Catholic Action of the Philippines of whom I owe much in my formation. The enquiry laid down the steps for see-judge-act method that was introduced by Joseph Cardinal Cardijn in Belgium. This brought me closer to the grounding of knowledge by seeing and listening to the people. From a very early age, I fully understood how knowledge as learned in the classroom can be brought to a lot of possibilities in terms of application and working with the people. Creativity and leadership unleashed at a very young age paved way for more challenges; a space to live research day by day. The social action climate of the Philippines and even of Asia may have been different without perpetuating the need to get into what is actually happening at the base. Academics may call this Participatory Action Research. I still call it a review of life method that is, to see- judge - act. Having imbibed this method, my style of leadership was very much anchored on evidenced-based decision making. The ability to qualitatively ask questions, organize and gather data and the ability to make meaningful insights out of it is quite easy. At the age of 22, together with a group of 10 young people,

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Looking through my work in the academe, with the civil society, volunteer work and the student movement, I have learned that the production of new knowledge (even the processing of ideas), does not come overnight. Coaching and mentoring of people must take priority for any development to take place. It is very challenging to create a culture wherein a group of people cares and are passionate for the truth. Overtime, I can proudly say that this is a piece of me that has been largely shared.

3. On a personal level, discuss the confluence of factors that contributed to your present status as a published researcher. You may reflect on the role of your family, the role of significant others, educational institutions, employers, and your personal values, work habits, attitude, learning from failures, and religion (if applicable)

Essays

As the Dean for Planning and Development of the University of Bohol, it is my commitment to raise the bar of research culture in the University. I see the need to develop more relevant institutional research outputs that best complement decision-making and direction setting with the move to upgrade data-bases and data-reporting in all levels. Looking at human capital as the greatest resource in my university,we put premium in coaching and mentoring to promote accuracy and exactness in the production of data. I see an institution of professionals living the culture of research as a way of life. It is a very colourful and attractive life that cascades the passion for truth and accuracy inside the classroom. In this way, the University of Bohol will best contribute to the development of the nation and the world at large.

This is why my published researches focus largely on youth. Together with other like-minded professionals, we founded Asia Centre for Sustainable Futures (ACSF) and accepted consultancy for some NGOs and other research bodies. The latest venture was with Caritas-Switzerland for a project evaluation of the emergency response for survivors of Typhoon Haiyan in Northern Cebu, Philippines.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Essays

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Essays 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

we organized a 3-day Pilgrimage of Trust in my city that is still considered the biggest 3-day Taizé gathering outside of Metro Manila. At 25, I helped organize the biggest human gathering in the world, the World Youth Day in Manila. At 26, I coordinated the Asian Secretariat of the International Young Christian Students covering 13 countries. While the youth may have constituted the majority of the Asian population, representing their experiences at a higher level was a challenge. Data-based reports and proposals were the norm in dealing with the church hierarchy and the government or nongovernment agencies. They listened to us not only because we were young but also because we were backed up with both qualitative and quantitative data. At a very young age, I appreciated the value of nurturing talents and coaching. On the other hand, I have seen the power of research-backed projects and movements. I have also seen how these significant researches were best applied in communities and situations that most need it. This is why exacting standards of commitment and accuracy came in easily. While others may see the demands of research as a rigorous discipline, I look at it from the lens of commitment. The mission to carry out the truth because the people on any side of the road or interest deserve no less. 4. In your discernment, why were you born and what difference did you make in the world and what is your destiny and legacy which you want to be remembered by people even beyond your lifetime? I brought a sense of exactness and the truth when I decided to go back home in Bohol in the year 2000. This motivated me to enter law school and be immersed to another dimension of policies and realities. Another sphere of my brain was stretched although the sense of service and voluntarism was already fixed. While taking up law, I taught Community

Immersion at the Teachers College Department of the University of Bohol. I developed the curriculum which enabled the students to experience everyday living at the local communities at the same time, harnessing their skills and knowledge in data gathering. The skills in data management and technology transfer caught the attention of the newly elected City Vice-Mayor of Tagbilaran City in 2004. She personally invited me to join the legislative team as the City Secretary to introduce a research-based legislation process. This paved the way to the approval of social development legislationsand the systems review of the Tagbilaran City Council. In three years, we were adjudged as one of the Most Outstanding City Councils in the Philippines by the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG). In the year 2007, I coordinated a group of international volunteers for the Young People for Development (YPD) in Melbourne, Australia to organize an international program on Water for Life, an environmental youth immersion program focusing on water. We worked in collaboration with the Catholic community of St. Albans Parish and an Events Management Class of Victoria University. Once more, the importance of data gathering and management was highly applied and was learned not only by the volunteers but also by the participants. In the University of Bohol andmy commitments with the women, youth and children at the local and the national level, I have grown to accept my role in deepening the analysis of hard data. I would like to be bestremembered as the person who ‘put things together’ –someone who balanced policies and aspirations, actions and observations. I aspire to be known as someone who raised the alarm succinctly and excitedly shown possible ways of dealing with it.

Bend to Ascend: A Resilience of Lifetime Apolinar T. Paulican Mountain View College, Philippines for Emergency Medical Services were considered as best researches of the author. It may not be the best in scientific community but it give joy and fulfillment considering that it offer guidance and direction in moving forward of a certain community.

To ascend is to move ahead, to have an appended achievement in life regardless of what status in society you have. The Bible tells us that human creatures are born with the same mental capacity yet entrusted with different talents. Some have talent to lead people, others have capacity to entertain and several have gift to teach and share what they have learn.

Along the way, struggles and challenges have been an integral part of life successes. Adversities may come since it is a fact. However, it is in this incidence that resilience is highly prized and it is that ability to work with and through adversity in such a way that one comes through it unharmed or becoming better from the experience. Resilience means facing failure or life’s difficulties with courage and patience--refusing to give up. It is the quality of character and life style that allows a person to rebound from misfortune and hardships. Just like the bamboo tree which responded to a strong wind and tempests that comes its way. This is probably the reason why the author was born. Not to struggle in life and bounce back from destitution but to serve as an instrument of His blessings to others, a channel of His divine love so that many people will be led in His throne of grace.

The research results of Conservation and Industrial Development Along Pujada Bay and Location Model

Being a resilient is not only a gift but also a virtue that each people must possess. It is rooted in a tenacity of spirit—a determination to embrace all that makes life worth living even in the face of overwhelming odds. When we have a clear sense of identity and purpose, we are more resilient, because we can hold fast to our vision of a better future. This virtue is only legacy that can be handed down to generationBend to Ascend: A Resilience of Lifetime.

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Depending on what gift a person has, the ability to use that gift is oftentimes associated with his/her lifestyle. The learning that we obtain is a product of confluence of factors. Some of which are financial challenges of the family, the desire to have a better life and trust and faith to High above. These factors really drive the author to pursue his dream and use his acquired knowledge to help decongest an urban area and expand the development using mathematical model. Through extensive research with the help of mathematical modeling, services offered such as emergency services and maximization of resources may be optimized. Though sometimes, the results were not translated into actual service, it gives direction to an institution or individual for betterment of life.

Essays

“There can never be success without failures”; “there is no glory without pains”; “no exaltation with no humbling”. These are just few of the many seems absurd languages but the purpose is to produce a pointed effect which could lead to a better person in society.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Essays

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Synthesis of WRF 2014

Cebu Declaration: Synthesis of WRF 2014 Abstracts

Mary GretcHen F. CHaves

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Univeristy of the Philippines Cebu, Philippines

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Leadership style is not a predictor of faculty’s job performance. The job performance of the faculty with a task-oriented leadership style is better than the peopleoriented leadership.”

e live in an era of discontinuity where never before had “new normal” scenarios been declared so frequently. “Business as usual” is losing its grip, and for human activities to keep going, innovative solutions are the imperatives. The World Research Festival 2014 is one venue where potential solutions needed to face these challenges are catalysed and fermented. The theme of the WRF 2014, “Research for a sustainable world!” sets the backdrop as academics and practitioners relentlessly search for new knowledge and approaches of closing the gaps of disjointedness. Sustainability is defined by West Chester University of Pennsylvania (2011) as a process that organizes human activity so society, its members, and its economies are able to meet their needs and express their greatest potential in the present as well as the future. According to McFarlane & Ogadon (2011) “while sustainability generally is focused on environmental issues, human life and the economy are much a part of sustainability as we grapple with problems and challenges that threaten our quality of life, ability to feed and clothe a growing population, respond to natural and human-made disasters, and prevent and treat diseases and related problems.”

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Educational Management / Quality Assurance in Education •

Among the significant findings, conclusions recommendations in some of the disciplines are:

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Social Science, Sociology-Anthropology •

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Management / Management - Quality Assurance •

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Language / Linguistics •

Education • • •

Provide context and incentives to motivate faculty to research and to increase faculty research productivity Formulate policies, develop faculty and upgrade curriculum to prepare graduates to be industry relevant Establish systematic information on teacher competence for faculty development and interventions to enhance

Strong entrepreneurship education increases students’ intention and likelihood to explore an entrepreneurial career. Leadership style is not a predictor of faculty’s job performance. The job performance of the faculty with a task-oriented leadership style is better than the peopleoriented leadership. The perception of employers towards work performance of the BSHRM graduates of a university varies according to the size of capital and kind of business of employment. The primary reason graduates of a state college remain unemployed is family responsibility. There is need to assess approaches to sustaining employees’ engagement for the success of its organizational goals, even with positive results of driving work engagement on the perception of the tenured non-teaching employees of an institution of higher learning.

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The analysis of the inter-language of state university students can be used as bases of pedagogical decisions in terms of syllabus design, instructional materials preparation, curriculum review, and teaching strategies. Since impression is reality and intention cannot be quantified, what the general audience perceives on a certain person’ social media tweets serves to be the truth; misconception thus occurs due to poor judgment and elucidation on the tweets of the posters, readers and viceversa.

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The helping behaviour of people comes out naturally especially in times of calamities; such kind of motivation should be sustained to cope with psychological depression and trauma. Commercial Sex Workers do not care less about the aftermath of their work to their health; their primordial motivation is money over and above everything else. Family and social support systems help survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse (CSA) deal with the trauma of CSA and cope with HIV. In pedagogical sphere, the need for acceptance by educators of the different linguistic styles, abilities, and skills of their students regardless of sex differences.

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The relevance of management competencies of administrators performing P-O-L-C processes in achieving excellent performance of SUCs. Internal control systems do function and the relationship between internal control systems and financial performance in an institution of higher learning. More benefits gained by educational institutions as the level of effectiveness of the institutions’ adoption of the quality management system gets higher. Improvement in the generation and management of institutional income-generating projects as the management staff of academic institutions are exposed to business- and financial literacy related seminars, trainings and workshops.

Synthesis of WRF 2014

Cognitive of these objectives, researchers from various educational institutions, industries and the professions convene in the WRF 2014 to disseminate and deliberate their value-adding knowledge and pragmatic recommendations generated from their respective studies. The coverage of these studies range from education and education management to sociology- anthropology, management and economics, health education, language and linguistics, technology and ICT, biology, marine biology, agriculture and clinical laboratory, among others. Diverse in subject matter, but these studies converge in: a. the call for improving instruction, teaching strategies and the generation of effective strategies in learning institutions; b. the utilization of ICT and technology to improve processes and support instruction and business process; and, c. the need for financial and infrastructural support for research efforts and dissemination. and

teachers’ competence Determine relevant inputs for the formulation of guidelines to improve the grading practices in the use of OBE. Use multi-grade instruction as an educational strategy to achieve the goals of the program Education for All.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

The objectives of the WRF 2014 conference are to: (1) to provide a forum for professional and student researchers across the world as means for dissemination and utilization of high impact researches; (2) to nourish collaborations among researchers and institutions in the promotion and production of researches; (3) to recognize meritorious contributions of world researchers and institutions; and, (4) to promote quality research publications as credible sources of scientific literature.

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Synthesis of WRF 2014

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Students’ English proficiency using the DynEd Courseware is positively correlated to their productive skills level in both speaking and writing; thus, students’ productive skills depend on their language proficiency. Variation among the dialects was observed to involve phonological and morphological processes, voicing or phonation, and in terms of prefix for the markers in the past tense. Peculiarities in the phonological and morphological processes of dialects as well as their areas of differences were observed to be associated primarily on geographical distribution.

Laboratory Management System developed for a state university was rated as “Very Satisfactory,” using the following criteria: functionality; reliability; effectiveness and efficiency; usability; maintainability; portability. Health Education •

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3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Education / E-learning / ICT •

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The interactive computer programming tutorial CODEGROUNDS as a Facebook application is an effective add-on tool in teaching Computer Programming Enhanced e-Learning module is effective in teaching and learning Electro Technology; thus, e-Learning in the instruction of Electro Technology should be promoted. Advanced education institutions in the Philippines are less prepared in e-learning program; there is need to enhance, update and upgrade the readiness to implement the program. Implementing the WRiP: Instructional Web Engineering with Raspberry Pi in computer laboratory of the College of Engineering introduces a different technique of teaching by making use of new technologies. The level of acceptability of a Network-Based Computer

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Patients who underwent Physical Therapy sessions had reduced pain scale and improved Lequesne Algofunctional Index scores based on the pre- and postevaluation conducted after every four treatments. Endurance exercises significantly reduced bodybuilders’ neck pain and disability of the experimental group (p=0.000) after four weeks. A modification of general workout of younger bodybuilders and inclusion of endurance exercises can potentially decrease their risk of neck pain. The profile of the clients and clinical related factors are directly related to the level of effectiveness of the Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse program of the RHU. Automated hand sanitation (AHS) is more effecting in promoting complete hand sanitation than conventional hand sanitation devices; thus it is recommended that the AHS be utilized. There is a great influence of the lifestyle among employees of a university and the risk of acquiring diabetes. Connectedness using non-digital and digital method contributes to the senior citizens’ positive well-being and aging acceptance.

Seung Ki Moon School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Wing Structure Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles using Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

1. Introduction High-strength light-weight materials have relatively high stiffness and yield strength that are achievable at low density. They play a significant role in achieving fuel efficiency goals for the aerospace and automotive industries among others [1]. Honeycombs, foams, and truss lattice structures are examples of the high-strength light-weight materials. The three structures have been extensively developed and optimized to provide unique performance benefits in various applications [2-4]. The objective of this research is to develop adaptive design technologies by investigating current design methods and knowledge of deployable technologies in the area of engineering design and manufacturing. We extend the concepts of compliant mechanisms into flexible wing design for small and deployable UAVs. In this paper, we investigate the apparent strengths of truss lattices to identify the truss lattice with the optimal elastic performance. We compare with the compressive strength of three lattice structures that have high values in elastic performance.

Plenary Abstracts

The objective of this research is to develop adaptive design technologies by investigating current design methods and knowledge of deployable technologies in the area of engineering design and manufacturing. We extend the concepts of compliant mechanisms into flexible wing design for small and deployable Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs). In this paper, we investigate the apparent strengths of truss lattices to identify the truss lattice with the optimal elastic performance. We compare with the compressive strength of three lattice structures that have high values in elastic performance. To demonstrate and validate the usefulness of the proposed inflatable design technologies, we develop prototype wings for UAVs using additive manufacturing technologies. The proposed flexible wing design will combine the advantages of compliant mechanisms and deployable structures to maximize flexibilities of movement.

2. Methodology 2.1 Additive Manufacturing

Some of these technologies include stereolithography, selective laser melting (SLM), three dimensional printing (3DP), and fused deposition modeling (FDM). Each technology has its own strengths and weaknesses. The number of AM technologies is consistently growing as awareness, acceptance and application of these technologies by designers, engineers and other professionals increase.

ISSN: 2094-9529

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an umbrella term referring to a group of technologies used for building physical models, prototypes, patterns, tooling components, and final production parts from computer data, three dimensional scanning systems, or video games [5]. AM form objects layer by layer through the joining of liquid, powder, or sheet materials as oppose to traditional manufacturing techniques like machining which are subtractive in nature. AM is used to produce parts that are difficult or impossible to fabricate using other techniques [6].

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Plenary Abstracts 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

2.2 Lattice Structures High-strength light-weight materials have relatively high stiffness and yield strength that are achievable at low density. They play a significant role in achieving fuel efficiency goals for the aerospace and automotive industries among others. Honeycombs, foams, and truss lattice structures are examples of high-strength light-weight materials that are suitable for this application. 2D Kagome structure originated as a traditional bamboo basket weave pattern and was identified by topology optimization as an optimal structure based on its elastic modulus for a range of fraction volumes [7]. The 3D variant was proposed by a recent research investigating if the superior properties observed in the 2D variant are carried over [8]. The hexagonal diamond is a hexagonal modification of the cubic diamond structure. It has been found embedded in meteorites and synthesized in the laboratory using high temperatures and pressures [9]. A pyramidal lattice structure consists of four inclined trusses meeting at a sheet node. The advantage of this design is that the incline of the trusses can be altered to support larger amount of compressive stress or shear stress depending on the requirements of the structure. 3. Experiments and Results Compression test is a form of mechanical testing that is performed to determine the properties of the material when being compressed. In this test, fundamental parameters that determine the specimen behavior under a compressive load are measured. These include the youngâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s modulus and yield point where feasible. Only one sample of each structure was fabricated and tested therefore it is not possible to examine the effects of process variations in the Objet AM process or identify potential outliers. However, results arising from the study of process variations in different AM processes are well-documented. In the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process, which is a polymer-based AM process, the compressive strength of FDM parts was not affected by build direction as compared with injection molded parts even though small imperfection like voids, warpage, etc. may be present. Therefore, it is suggested that the Objet process may be similarly immune given that the underlying principles of both processes are very much the same. The proposed three lattice structures were fabricated by the Objet 350 3D printer while the photopolymer selected is a polypropylene-like material called Objet DurusWhite RGD430 as shown in Figure 1. The proposed structures were tested for their compression strength. The resulting stress-strain curves were plotted using the experimental data and shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that the Kagome structure is able to withstand the highest compression stress of 0.65 MPa at a strain of 3.8% before it starts to soften. For the 3D pyramidal, it reached a comparatively lower stress of 0.2 MPa before softening while the hexagonal diamond structure did not exhibit any appreciable softening even at strains of more than 8% â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the corresponding stress being approximately 0.1 MPa. Unlike the other structures, the test of the hexagonal diamond was stopped before the onset of plastic buckling at 9% strain. The deformations exhibited by the various structures when they were subjected to their respective maximum stresses are conducted. With the exception of the hexagonal diamond structure, the onset of plastic buckling is evident in all the structures tested.

Fig. 1. The proposed 3D printed periodic lattice structures: (a) 3D pyramidal structure, (b) 3D Kagome structure, and (c) Hexagonal diamond structure

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Fig. 2 Stress-strain curves of the compression test

Nevertheless, the unique stress/strain behavior of the hexagonal diamond structure can be utilized elsewhere as energy absorbers for example. The extended section of the stress/strain curve defines the behavior of an ideal energy absorber [10]. Recall that the area under the stress/strain curve represents the work done on a specimen having unit dimensions throughout. Thus, in an actual block of material having finite size this would be represented as the product of force and distance or work done. And the results are the same as kinetic energy. Thus, the results from compressing the lattice structure will be equivalent to the kinetic energy of an object impacting the structure. When the lattice structure is designed with the appropriate size and material, it can be used to absorb all the kinetic energy of an impacting body. Most importantly, the structure that is protected by the lattice structure would not be exposed to forces higher than the maximum compressive stress of the lattice structure. The same principles apply to car bumpers and crash zones that compress at a constant force under impact to eliminated or minimize injury to its passengers. Based on the results from the experiments, a CAD model of the aerofoil was established. The design was modified with a groove at the open end of the aerofoil to allow the attachment of the aerofoil unto the fuselage. The propsoed CAD model is as shown in Figure 3.

Plenary Abstracts

The research started with high expects that the hexagonal diamond structure can compete with the Kagome structure as both are inspired by nature. Evidently, this is not the case since the results showed that the hexagonal diamond structure is not suited for withstanding compressive loads despite having demonstrated that as an atomic arrangement, it is even harder than the cubic diamond.

ISSN: 2094-9529

Fig. 3 The proposed CAD model of a wing

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

4. Closing Remarks and Future Work The objective of this research is to identify new methods to overcome the main drawback of inflatable wings/structures: leakage or punctures especially for high pressure designs. We propose using a lightweight high strength reinforcement in the cavity of the main wing so that a portion of the load carried by the wing is transferred to the reinforcement thereby reducing the amount of pressure required. We further identified 3D lattice structures as being the optimal reinforcement as compared to honeycombs or foams. Future work will include investigations into other properties of the structures such as tensile and shear strengths as well as numerical simulations. References [1] [2]

Plenary Abstracts

[3]

3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

[4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

[10]

Park, J.H. and Kim, K.J., “Optimal design of camber link component for light weight automobile using CAE (Computer Aided Engineering),” Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf., Vol. 14, No.8, pp.1433-1437, 2013. Bitzer, T., Honeycomb Technology: Materials, Design, Manufacturing, Applications and Testing. Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 1997. Ashby, M.F., Evans, N.A., Flack, L.J., Hutchinson, J.W. and Wadley, H.N.G, Metal Foams: A Design Guide. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, US, 2000. Wadley, H.N.G., “Multifunctional periodic cellular metals”. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, Vol. 364, pp. 31-68, 2006. Wohlers, T.T., Wohlers Report 2008: State of the Industry. Wohlers Associates Inc., Fort Collins, US, 2008. Chua, C.K., “3-Dimensional Rapid Prototyping Technologies and Key Development Areas”. Computing and Control Engineering Journal 5(4), pp. 200-206, 1994. Hyun, S. and Torquato, S., “Optimal and manufacturable two-dimensional, Kagome-like cellular solids”. J. Mater. Res. 17, pp. 137-144, 2002. Hyun, S., Karlsson, A.M., Torquato, S. and Evans, A.G., “Simulated properties of Kagomé and tetragonal truss core panels”. International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 40, pp. 6989-6998, 2003. Bundy, F.P. and Kasper, J.S., “Hexagonal diamond – A New Form of Carbon”. J. Chem. Phys. 46, pp. 3437-3446, 1967. Puglsey, A., 1960. “The crumpling of tubular structures under impact conditions”. In: Proc. of the Symposium on the Use of Aluminum in Railway Rolling Stock, Institute of Locomotive Engineers, The Aluminum Development Association, London, pp. 22–41, 2060.

Effects of Learning Orientation on Environmental Sustainability Orientation of Small and Medium Enterprises: The Moderating Role of the Institutional Environment

Keywords: strategic management, institutional theory, dynamic capabilities theory, learning orientation, environmental sustainability orientation, institutional munificence, institutional complexity and institutional complexity, structural equation modelling, Philippines

The More, the Deadlier: A Case Study of Group Barebacking among Males Having Sex with Males Bernadeth Luayon-Gerodias ORCID No. 0000-0002-1554-7901 bernadethgerodias@gmail.com Southern Philippines Medical Center, Philippines

Keywords: Psychology, group barebacking, males-having-sex-with-males, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The increasing number of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cases has turned barebacking (condomless anal sex) among males-having-sex-with-males (MSM) into a dangerous sex act which when done in group, doubles the risk for HIV transmission. This qualitative intrinsic case study was conducted to know how and why some MSM engaged in group barebacking despite their awareness on the risks involved. Four MSM from various socio-economic statuses, who were at least 18 years old and listed as HIV positive by a non-government AIDS organization in Davao City, were purposively selected as the case’s subunits. In-depth, semi-structured face to face interviews were conducted to answer research questions “How do MSM with HIV describe their group barebacking experiences?” and “Do these experiences influence their decision making related to group bare backing?” Inductive analysis through pattern matching and linking data to propositions were used to establish themes. The study revealed that some MSM engaged in spontaneous and organized group barebacking for sexual pleasure through sexual freedom and eroticism, group identity and money making opportunity. It is concluded that group barebacking is a complex phenomenon that should be taken in medico-pathological, anthropological and psycho-social contexts. It is recommended that scientific inquiry should be made towards methodological approaches for effective public health and HIV prevention efforts.

Plenary Abstracts

The extent to which small and medium enterprises (SMEs) develop their strategic stance towards environmental sustainability amid resource-constraints and institutional voids commonly found in developing economies such as the Philippines is less understood. This study draws on dynamic capabilities theory to posit that the strategic proclivity of SMEs to learn called learning orientation (LO) positively influences their environmental sustainability orientation (ESO) or their strategic stance towards the integration of environmental management measures into their business. It then draws on institutional theory to argue further that the positive effects of LO on ESO can be either enhanced by institutional munificence or attenuated by institutional complexity and hostility. Using a survey sample of 465 service and manufacturing firms in three Philippine cities, the study uses partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling to test the measurement and structural models. The results show the positive effects of LO on ESO. Interestingly, contrary to the hypothesised moderated relationships, the LO-ESO link is weakened by institutional munificence but strengthened by institutional complexity and hostility. The findings underscore the role of learning orientation as a dynamic capability of firms to embrace environmental sustainability amidst institutional voids and hurdles found in their business environment.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Hernan Roxas ORCID No. 0000-0003-3675-0535 banjo.roxas@deakin.edu.au Deakin University, Australia

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

The Culture of the Department of Education (DepED) in the Implementation of the School-Based Management Program Ferjilyn L. Matondo ORCID No. 0000-0002-9370-8117 ferjilyn_02@yahoo.com Philippine Normal University - Agusan, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 The School-Based Management will create a strong positive culture when implemented intensively. It will transform the school into highly effective one that is committed to provide quality education necessary for sustainable development. The study aimed to determine the culture of DepED as manifested in the implementation of SBM in the four districts of Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur to generate a management theory. The study used mixed methods. Validated instruments for interviews, focus group discussion, and observations were used in gathering the data which were transcribed, tallied, tabulated and processed. Quantitative data were statistically treated, analyzed and interpreted. The study revealed that SBM was implemented to a greater extent. The problems encountered by the stakeholders and their initiatives done to minimize the problems manifested culture of DepED such as collaboration, commitment, collegiality, volunteerism, active leadership, transparency, initiative and bayanihan. Some of the problems encountered are due to the “ningas cogon” attitude of the stakeholders. The Balancing Theory of Management was generated based on the findings of the study. Keywords: Education Management, culture, School-Based Management, descriptive design (mixed methods), Philippines

Letting the Culture Grow: Constructing the Research Motivators among Private HEIs in CALABARZON Region-Philippines Roberto DV. Revilla ORCID No. 0000-0002-0211-3856 bobbetdvr@gmail.com Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba, Philippines Day 1 · Day 1 · May 1 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 Research grows as a culture within the realm of an academic institution because of certain research motivators espoused by their stakeholders. The status of research culture in the context of private higher educational institutions (HEIs) in the CALABARZON Region, Philippines remains unexplored. Utilizing descriptive research design, the study ascertained reasons and conditions that motivate HEIs in CALABARZON to engage in research. Three private HEIs in the region served as respondents. Using the corresponding research instruments, three phases of data gathering were adopted: survey, key informant conversation, and focus group discussion. Results showed that a centralized or institutional research system is a triggering factor for a research culture to grow. A sustainable reward system was also seen as a motivator to do research. The study concludes that research is an academic function that must be managed and nurtured well, a great part of which is the incentive system. Findings were used as basis for policy recommendations to the Commission on Higher Education. Keywords: Research Management, research motivation, private HEIs, descriptive design, CALABARZON Region, Philippines

Adequacy of Governance Practices in University of Bohol

Keywords: Institutional Management, Governance Practices, IQUAME Framework, Weighted Means, Philippines

Motivation and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) Concepts among Commercial Sex Workers in Tagbilaran City Sylvia Doron ORCID No. 0000-003-2394-4429 bebsgicastino@yahoo.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Keywords: Health Care, Commercial Sex Workers, STI, Descriptive-Normative Method, Tagbilaran City, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Commercial sex workers are those who engaged in sexual contact in exchange for monetary or material considerations. The study aimed to look into the motivation of engaging in commercial sex and their concepts in terms of STI knowledge, their sexual attitudes and beliefs, sexual practices and behavior among commercial sex workers in Tagbilaran City. It utilized descriptive-normative survey method and chi square statistical treatment. Results showed that commercial sex workers have high risky sexual practices and behavior such as using sexual paraphernalia, switching to many sexual styles, non -use of condom and having sex with more than one partner in one meeting. Their low level of knowledge is attributable to their misconceptions and beliefs on STIS which may lead of acquiring infections. There is a significant relationship between marital status of respondents and sexual attitudes and beliefs; and knowledge of STI and sexual practices and behavior. In conclusion, respondents dared with high risky sexual behaviors because they need to satisfy their customers regardless of the personal reproductive risks they might acquire. Results of this study served as an essential feedbacking mechanism to the city and provincial government for possible policies and programs to address this reproductive health issues in the locality.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

Governance refers to institutional systems and processes that reflect the principles guiding the overall use of authority and decision-making of the institution through its governing body. Assessment of the practices of this governing body is the foremost measure of quality in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) per Philippine Commission for Higher Education (CHED) Institutional Quality Assurance Monitoring and Education (IQUAME) framework. This study assessed the adequacy of governance practices in the University of Bohol (UB) in its continual quest for educational leadership being Bohol’s first university. The researcher formulated survey questions adapted from the Governance and Management criteria of the IQUAME Self -Evaluation Document (SED. The respondents of the study were the UB administrators that included the BOT, academic deans/ heads of offices. It involved as well the faculty, staff, and students selected by stratified random sampling. Then the group differences in the means of survey responses were analyzed through weighted means. Results showed the adequacy of the four sub-variables under governance and management: Development planning, Qualifications of administrators, Addressing change, and Documentation of procedures. The overall conclusion is that UB can maintain leadership by building upon its strengths. The assessment addresses the objectives for quality assurance in teaching and learning and is a step towards institutional accreditation.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Ammon Denis R. Tirol ORCID No. 0000-0003-1022-8781 ammontirol@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Theory of Connectedness through Social Networking towards Well-Being of Senior Citizens Cynthia S. Superable ORCID No. 0000-0002-1436-3318 cynthsoriano6150@gmail.com Misamis University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 Becoming socially active and maintaining a close relationship is an important part of healthy aging. The study determined the effectiveness of social connectedness through social networking to the well-being of the senior citizens in Ozamiz City. The study used mixed research methods of phenomenology, case study and quasi-experiment. The participants were senior citizens selected through purposive and snowball method for the qualitative research and simple random sampling for the participants in the quantitative research. The qualitative study revealed that connectedness promotes happiness, creates support, acquires information, and supports healthy aging. Being always connected with family and friends through faceto-face interaction may lead to a positive well-being. For the quantitative findings, connectedness with family and friends through social networking using digital method (Facebook, Skype, emails and chat) is an effective intervention to help senior citizens improve their physical and social well-being. The study advances the idea that connectedness using non-digital and digital method contributes to the senior citizens’ positive well-being and aging acceptance. Keywords: Geriatric Nursing, social networking, acceptance, aging, well-being, senior citizens, quasi-experimental design, Philippines

Stresses and Coping Strategies of Triple S and B LGUE Executives in Relation to their Performance Hji Sathari H. Edding ORCID No. 0000-0002-1623-4106 jrmsu_vpred2009@yahoo.com Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:31 – 3:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 The study aimed to find out the stresses and the coping strategies of the Local Government Unit Executives (Mayors) in the Triple S and B municipalities (Sibuco, Sirawai, Siocon and Baliguian) of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines in relation to their performance during the Calendar Year 2011-2012. It utilized the descriptive research design. The study looked into the present status of the stresses causing impact relating to the performance of the Triple S and B LGU executives. Most of the LGU executives are baccalaureate degree holders, Muslims and affiliated to the Alliance of Parties for Progress. The executives experienced average level of stress and coping strategies. Their performance in governance, administration, social services, economic development and environmental management was very satisfactory and was not affected by age, gender, educational qualifications, religious affiliation, ethical affiliation and political affiliation. Keywords: Social Science, Triple SB, stresses, coping strategies, LGU executives, descriptive design, Philippines

Governance Practices and Problems of Community Officials in the First Congressional District of Bohol

Keywords: Public Administration, local governance, government practices, community officials, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

The Implementation of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4PS) in Caraga Region Adelyne Costelo-Abrea ORCID No. 0000-0003-4455-5713 abrea.ac@pnu.edu.ph Philippine Normal University – Agusan, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Keywords: Social Science, Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, poverty reduction, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The most recent poverty reduction and social development strategy implemented in the Philippines by the national government is the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps). The study aimed to assess the attainment of the five objectives of the 4Ps in the five provinces of Caraga Region, Philippines. Utilizing descriptive design, it considered multi-stage sampling in identifying the respondents from the province level down to the barangay level. A 10-page Interview Guide was used to determine the beneficiaries’ perception of the attainment of Objectives No. 1, 3, 4, and 5 of the 4Ps program. It documented the issues and problems related to the implementation of the program. Descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)were used in analyzing the data. Result of the study showed a high level of attainment of Objective No. 1 (improve preventive healthcare among women and children), and Objective No. 2 (Increase the enrolment and attendance rate of children); moderate level on Objective No.3 (reduce the incidence of child labor), and Objective No. 5 (encourage parents to invest in their children’s human capital); low level on Objective No. 4 (raise the average consumption rate in food expenditure). Results implied that the implementation of the 4Ps in Caraga is very satisfactory as perceived by the recipients and the service-providers.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

The study assessed the governance practices and problems of community officials in the first congressional district of Bohol and sought to find the relationship between the officials’ profile and their performance. The data were gathered through surveyquestionnaires and validated through focus-group discussions. Results showed that there is much room for improvement in local governance. The officials expressed several constraints for them to better discharge their functions. They needed to acquire relevant governance skills. The LGUs failed to conduct proper planning process. The stakeholders have poor participation in many LGU-affairs. There is limited coordination between government and private institutions. There is inadequacy of local officials’ core-competencies that affect governance performance. The local officials should undergo a series of extensive trainingseminars to equip them with the tools for good governance. The communities should develop their vision-mission-goals adopting participatory planning approach. There should be close linkage and regular coordination between the communities and government agencies. The LGUs should be in touch with the civil society especially in terms of training and access to external support for projects.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Frederico B. Ticong ORCID No. 0000-0002-1761-8910 fredericoticong@gmail.com Holy Name University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:01 – 4:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Quality of Life of Selected Prison Inmates in Iligan City Jail Ray Vincent E. Araña ORCID No. 0000-0002-6502-0012 rayvincentarana@gmail.com Illigan Capitol College, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:41 – 5:0 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 Quality of life is one of the most commonly used self-assessment outcome measures. Understanding the quality of life of the prisoners and knowing their current state is necessary. Measuring their quality of life satisfaction can generate baseline data to create and design appropriate and effective rehabilitation program. The satisfaction level on the different domains of life of selected inmates of Iligan City jail was assessed to determine their quality of life using the generic version of the Ferrans and Powers Quality of life index questionnaire. Descriptive design was used; survey questionnaire was employed in collecting data. Results revealed that majority of the respondents were moderately satisfied in health, functioning, psychological and spiritual aspects in life and they were slightly satisfied in the domains of social, economic and family; moderately high level of the quality of life was achieved by the respondents despite of the condition that they were held captive in prison. Only the social and economic domains of life affect the level of satisfaction between the male and female inmates as revealed in the statistical analysis. The overall quality of life index was influenced by the respondent’s gender. Thus, there is significant difference between male and female inmates overall quality of life. Keywords: Social Science, prison inmates’ quality of life, descriptive design, Philippines

Assessing Needs and Designing a Computer Training Module for Secondary Seniors Michael G. Calamba ORCID No. 0000-0002-5797-5410 michcalamba@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 Computer literacy is considered a very important skill especially in the workforce. Sensitive to this demand, the College of Engineering and Technology of HCDC designed the Computer Literacy Enhancement Program (CLEP) for its community extension service for the college’s adopted school which covers Basic PC Operation, Word Processor, Spreadsheet and Presentation Applications. The study aimed to design standard computer training modules that will be used by secondary seniors for CLEP. Descriptive assessment method was used. The findings revealed that the respondents’ level of knowledge on the four competencies was very poor; their level of skills was fair for Basic PC Operations and Word Processor, poor in Spreadsheet and good in Presentation Applications. The study concludes that there is no fixed order in the acquisition of skills versus concepts, as skills can be acquired first before knowledge or vice versa. Thus, the researchers designed modules that contain meaningful and useful information to help improve the skills of the respondents in using different computer applications and in performing basic PC operations as well as their understanding and familiarity of the different concepts behind these applications. Keywords: Education, Computer Literacy Enhancement Program, community extension service, computer literacy needs assessment, computer training module, designing modules, descriptive-evaluative design, Philippines

Team Compositions in Pair Programming for Freshmen Information Technology

Keywords: Information Technology Education, team effectiveness, satisfaction, collaborative learning, experimental design, Philippines

Employability of BS Psychology Graduates of the University of Bohol Gina T. Lopena ORCID No. 0000-0001-7666-6720 gtlopena@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Education, employability, competencies, personality attributes, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Employability of graduates is a major success indicator of curriculum effectiveness. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the employability of BS Psychology graduates. The study utilized descriptive-correlational design. A survey was conducted to determine the employability of the graduates and correlation of the employability, competencies, and personality attributes of BS Psychology Graduates from School Year 2003 to 2011. Results showed that graduates were very highly employable having been employed in less than three months after graduation and currently on a full-time permanent status in which a greater number has concentrated in the educational field. The extent to which the university has equipped them with employability competencies was rated “Above Average”. The respondents’ personality attributes upon graduation was on a moderate level. There was a significant relationship between employability rate and personality attributes, and between employability competencies and personality attributes. The results of this study imply that graduates who are highly equipped with employability competencies develop high personality attributes resulting to high employability. The outcome of this study is one of the bases for the curricular improvement of the BS Psychology program of the University of Bohol.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

The use of pair programming in the introductory to programming course offers an increased level of reasoning, collaboration and greater transfer of concept from one student to another. The study aimed to determine the effective team compositions that do pair programming as pedagogy in determining work output performance and satisfaction. It utilized the repeated-measures design using personal traits such as personality, motivation and IQ in the composition of teams. A total of 72 respondents joined the experiment; they were grouped using the permutation with repetition. The instruments used are standardized examinations questionnaire, modified test questionnaires in which reliability and validity of the instruments were ascertained. The study revealed that IQ is a contributing factor in the work output performance and openness to experience personality shows a significant relation to students’ satisfaction. Though the conduct of pair programming offers increased work output performance; however, it is difficult to accomplish an activity in pair programming if team members are not compatible. Moreover, work output performance is attributed to high satisfaction on confidence, dissatisfaction in communication during collaboration. The recommended effective team compositions in this study are teams with similar levels of personality and motivation but with different levels of IQ and teams with different levels of personality, motivation and IQ.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Geraldine Delantar Durias ORCID No. 0000-0003-1327-7167 jadine@mu.edu.ph Misamis University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Research Utilization among Nurse Supervisors in Two Local Government Hospitals in Manila, Philippines Gilmore G. Solidum ORCID No. 0000-0002-0601-9760 graloheus@gmail.com Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 The dynamic concepts of heath, health care, and nursing care and the expansion of technology, modifications in health care delivery system and the aging of the population require nurses to apply research findings to identify and solve clinical nursing problems and issues. The study aimed to identify the barriers to research utilization in nursing practice among nurse supervisors of two hospitals run by the city government of Manila. Descriptive research design was used in the study which was conducted among the nursing supervisors of two city-run hospitals in Manila. Permissions for the use of the BARRIERS Scale and from the chief nurses for the conduct of the study were secured before the distribution of questionnaires to all the nurse supervisors of the selected city-run hospitals. The student’s t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to test differences between groups. Nurse supervisors perceived four components of the organization (or setting) subscale as the top barriers in the utilization of research in nursing practice. The nurse supervisors in the two city-run hospitals differed in their view of factors that affect research utilization. Keywords: Nursing Education, research utilization, nurse supervisors, government hospitals, descriptive design, Philippines

Nutritional Quality of School Canteen Meals Consumed by the Secondary Schoolchildren Floricon Valencia-Encabo ORCID No. 0000-0001-5419-8524 floriconencabo@gmail.com Michelle Llanes-Ventanilla ORCID No. 0000-0002-9620-546X ventanillamichelle@gmail.com Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:11-3:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

The foods offered in school canteens have a vital role in ensuring children’s consumption of nutritionally-balanced foods. It is significant that menu offerings meet the nutritional standards for the schoolchildren. The study evaluated the nutritional quality of school canteen meals consumed by the secondary schoolchildren of Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Calamba City, Philippines based on the Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intake (RENI). The research methods used were survey on canteen concessionaires’ menu and lunch meal intake of 200 selected secondary schoolchildren, key informant interview, and observation. One-tailed t-test was used to determine if the lunch meal intakes statistically met the RENI. Results revealed that few concessionaires offered fruits, vegetables, and fish. Few schoolchildren consumed fruits, vegetables, and fish. In terms of nutrient intake, only mean calcium intake met the RENI. It is concluded that the menu offerings in the canteen were not sufficient to meet all the RENI for adolescents. Limited variety of lunch meals in the canteen resulted in limited intake of essential nutrients. As recommendations, the Colegio de San Juan de Letran should formulate policies on monitoring the sale of nutritious foods at the canteen; the canteen concessionaires should carry out product positioning and suitable recipe modification. Keywords: Health Education, nutrition, RENI, descriptive design, Philippines

Effects of Physical Therapy Modalities on Osteoarthritis Patients

Keywords: Physical Therapy, PT modalities, osteoarthritis, Numeric Pain Scale and Lequesne Algofunctional Index, experimental design, Philippines

Effect of Endurance Exercise among Filipino Body Builders with Chronic, Non-specific Neck Pain and Disability Odette S. Justo ORCID No. 0000-0003-4019-9416 odettejusto@yahoo.com Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:11 – 4:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Physical Therapy, endurance exercises, neck pain and disability, experimental-time series, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Neck pain can hamper a bodybuilder’s quest for a bigger body. The study evaluated the effect of endurance exercises on the chronic nonspecific neck pain and disability of bodybuilders. The study used a quantitative multiple time series experimental research design. The subjects were chosen purposively and randomly assigned to neck endurance (experimental group, EG) or placebo exercises (control group, CG). A demographic questionnaire was used in collecting the person and task variables; visual analogue scale for the environmental factors, and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) was used in evaluating neck pain and disability. Multiple linear regressions were used in identifying the strongest predictor of NDI while t- test was used to test the hypothesis. Age was the strongest predictor of NDI (r=-0.571, p=0.342). Endurance exercises significantly reduced the neck pain and disability of the experimental group (p=0.000) after four weeks. A modification of general workout of younger bodybuilders and inclusion of endurance exercises can potentially decrease their risk of neck pain.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder characterized by pain, swelling and decrease willingness to move. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of physical therapy modalities on alleviating the primary complaints of patients suffering from Osteoarthritis of the knee such as pain and functional disabilities. An experimental design was used involving 20 elderly patients diagnosed with Osteoarthritis. Ten joined the experimental group and another 10 for the control group all of whom were treated with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for 15 mins; Hydrocollator packs for 15 mins and Active Range of Motion exercise for 10 repetitions in three sets at their respective homes. To test the modalities effectiveness after 16 treatment sessions, the Numeric Pain Scale and Lequesne Algofunctional Index standardized tools were utilized and subjected to correlation frequency for interpretation. All pertinent data of patients and procedures done were regarded with utmost confidentiality and sensitivity. The results indicated that patients who underwent Physical Therapy sessions had reduced pain scale and improved Lequesne Algofunctional Index scores based on the pre and post evaluation conducted after every four treatments. The study, therefore, concludes that such form of treatments can decrease the symptoms felt.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Marilou Valmoria-Fudalan ORCID No. 0000-0002-7535-7413 malouub70@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:51 – 4:10 pm· Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Effectiveness and Benefits of the Adoption of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System in Misamis University Esther L. Baluyos ORCID No. 000-0003-4877-9167 estherlaborbaluyos@gmail.com Misamis University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 Quality assurance in higher education has become a national and international issue and Misamis University envisions to be placed in the map of top schools in the regional and national levels. The study determined the level of effectiveness and the benefits gained by Misamis University as a result of the adoption of ISO 9001:2008 quality management system (QMS) in full scope. Further, it explored significant relationship between the level of adoption of the QMS and the benefits gained by the institution. The descriptive-correlational design was used with the QMS Effectiveness Questionnaire and QMS Benefits Assessment Questionnaire as the data-gathering tools. There were 31 administrators, 120 tenured faculty and 76 non-teaching staff who participated in the study as respondents. The study revealed that the QMS adopted by the Misamis University was highly effective in the areas of management responsibility, resource management, product realization and control of operations, and measurement, analysis and improvement. The university administrators, faculty and non-teaching staff attested that the benefits gained by the system, the faculty, the students and the institutional outcomes were at the very satisfactory level. The study concludes that as the level of effectiveness of the institution’s adoption of the quality management system gets higher, the more benefits the institution gains. Keywords: Management, quality assurance, ISO 9001:2008, quality management system, analysis and improvement, product realization and control of operations, resource management, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Emotional Intelligence and Stress Relief Techniques of Selected Teachers Nimfa C. Gamban ORCID No. 0000-0002-3494-7628 nimfacgamban@gmail.com Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:41 – 5:00 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 The presence of stress is inevitable in teaching; therefore, teachers should employ techniques that will help them manage stress to remain effective and proficient. Utilizing descriptive-correlational design, the study investigated the relationship of emotional intelligence (EQ) and stress relief techniques of 117 teachers of Letran Calamba. Participating teachers answered the WPQei, a standardized test that measures emotional intelligence, and a three-part researcher-made questionnaire that describes the profile of the teachers and their stressors and stress-relief techniques. Results revealed that Letran Calamba teachers varied in EQ ranging from low to above average levels; mostly below average in all dimensions of innovation, intuition, emotion, selfawareness, motivation, empathy, and social skills. Teaching is not that stressful for teachers; however, having a class size over 45 is stressful for them. Data revealed that creative problem solving as a technique has a significant relationship with the EQ levels of teachers. It is concluded that when stressed, probationary teachers are more relaxed and motivated; whereas permanent teachers are more creative. It is recommended that the results be used as inputs in crafting a development program for teachers focusing on emotional management skills. Keywords: Education, psychology, teachers, emotional intelligence, work-related stress, stress relief techniques, descriptivecorrelational design, Philippines

Well-Being and Performance of the Teaching Employees of the University of Bohol

Keywords: Educational Management, human resource, well-being, performance, descriptive design, Philippines

Morphophonemic Variations among Kinamayo Dialects: A Case Study Rennie Cajetas Saranza ORCID No. 0000-0002-3714-8901 saranza.ra@pnu.edu.ph Philippine Normal University - Agusan, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Linguistics, morphophonemic variation, Kinamayo dialects, case study, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The study analyzed the morphophonemic variations among Kinamayo dialects. Purposeful sampling, in-depth interviews, sorting and classifying of words according to phonological and morphological structures in data analysis were employed. Results revealed that the phonemic inventory of the Kinamayo dialects consisted of 20 segmental phonemes, 15 consonants: /n/, /g/, /d/, /s/, /l/, /w/, /r/, /p/, /m/, /k/, /t/, /y/, /h/, /b/, /ŋ/; five basic vowels: /a/,/,/i/, /ɪ/, /u, /ʊ/; vowel lengthening: /a:/, /u:/ and three diphthongs: /aʊ/, /aɪ/, /ᴐɪ/. Consonant clusters are mostly loaned words which occur in the onset of the syllables. The analysis of Kinamayo phonology and morphology will serve as the basis for designing a functional orthography and lexicon of the language. Classification based on morphological structure revealed that the morphological processes common to Kinamayo are affixation, reduplication, deletion and derivation of one-word class from another. Affixation is the most productive morphological process in Kinamayo. Variation among the dialects was observed to involve phonological and morphological processes, voicing or phonation, and in terms of prefix for the markers in the past tense. Peculiarities in the phonological and morphological processes of dialects as well as their areas of differences were observed to be associated primarily on geographical distribution.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

Well-being in this study comprise of the elements such as feeling good, experiencing positive relationships, well-functioning in the day-to-day undertakings at par with the different dimensions of well-being. The study aimed to assess the well-being of teaching employees in relation to their work performance. It utilized descriptive research design; a survey was conducted using a questionnaire in gathering data from the respondents. The study considered the evaluation of teaching performance from the deans and the office heads. The respondents of the study were the 160 teaching employees of the University of Bohol from the 11 colleges. The findings revealed that out of the eight dimensions of well-being, six were descriptively rated Always and only two were rated Often. This yielded to the fact that their perceived well-being have a positive result. The highest rated composite mean among the respondents is Spiritual Dimension while the lowest rated composite mean is the Physical Dimension. As to the performance of the teaching employees, it is also noted to have been highly positive as the result showed majority of them has an excellent performance.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Jerome M. Magallen ORCID No. 0000-0002-8793-0897 jeromemagallen@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 5:01 – 5:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

The Interlanguage of SDSSU Students: A Case of Discourse Competence Analysis Trexie O. Alawi ORCID No. 0000-0003-1059-8870 trexie.alawi@gmail.com Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 In the college or university level, communicative competence is imperative if the learners need to engage and succeed in academic discourse. However, most of the teachers in tertiary level end up frustrated with erroneous written outputs of college students such as essays, letters, précis, critical analyses of texts, discussion in written examinations, and the like. The study described the interlanguage or the learners’ knowledge of language by way of investigating the errors made by 105 first year students of the College of Arts and Sciences in Surigao del Sur State University. The data comprised of five sets of free written compositions in English 101 – Basic Study and Thinking Skills classes. The outputs were subjected to error analysis which focused on establishing the error density index (EDI) and error production frequency. The results revealed that among the 18 error categories, the top three in terms of frequency production are errors in verb usage (20%), punctuation (16%), and capitalization (11%); and that an average of 79% EDI was established from the students’ written compositions with a total of 6,386 errors recorded. It has been suggested that these results be considered bases for making decisions on syllabus design, instructional materials preparation, curriculum review, and teaching strategies. Keywords: Language, error analysis, language assessment, outcome-based assessment, communicative competence, discourse competence, action research, Philippines

Genderlect in the Academic Milieu in Appreciation of the Opposite Sex Virgion H. Mamonong ORCID No. 0000-0003-3862-089X noigriv@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 Employing conversational analysis, the study aimed to determine the linguistic contrasts and ways of appreciating the opposite sex in the academic milieu. It utilized methodological triangulation which includes recorded conversations, interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) conducted among the elementary pupils and high school students in the University of the Immaculate Conception during the Academic Year 2013- 2014. The results revealed that conversational styles among young male and female varied. Young males’ conversational styles were used to show status, independence, advice, information, orders and conflict, while young female’s conversational styles were used to show support, intimacy, understanding, feelings, proposal and compromise. The study further exposed generated themes on the ways on appreciating young male and female in conversation. These themes include speaking from the heart, showing trust and respect, listening attentively, considering one’s topic, showing positive energy, complimenting each other, uttering optimistic expression, and exhibiting sympathy and empathy. In pedagogical sphere, the study recommends acceptance of educators of the different linguistic styles, abilities, and skills of their students regardless of sex differences. Keywords: Language and Communication, genderlect, academic milieu, opposite sex, descriptive design, Philippines

Understanding Philippine Local Culture on Nailing Penitents on the Cross

Keywords: Anthropology, cultural anthropology, emic, etic, nailing,

Exploring Ethnomathematics Among Banwaon Tribal Folk: An Ethnography Fabian C. Pontiveros, Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0003-1472-8548 pontiveros.fc.@pnu.edu.ph Philippine Normal University – Agusan, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Anthropology, mathematics, ethno mathematics, Banwaons, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Several studies have revealed the significantly lower performance of the indigenous students over the mainstream learners. This especially holds true for mathematics education. The study attempts to document the basic mathematical concepts of the Banwaon tribe of San Luis, Agusan del Sur. Banwaon is a subgroup of the Manobo tribe. The study utilizes the ethnographic method of data gathering such as participant-observation and interview. The findings reveal that the Banwaon tribe have their basic counting system from one (sabuwa) to one hundred (gatosan) but they do not have native terms for large numbers like thousands and millions. For measurement, they used parts of their body as the base units like dangaw and dupa for linear; tuhog for mass; salmonan and gantang for volume measurements. Time is based on season (planting and harvesting) and lunar position (new moon to full moon). For counting days, they used knotted rattan called “balintos.” Geometric shapes in their home designs, mats, clothing, and other ornaments include triangles, squares, and rectangles. Roof of their house (kamalig) is patterned after the rooster head (minanok) or the bird hawk (binanog).

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

The expansion of human awareness about the reality of things has resulted in a very rich lexicon which in turn reflects the seeming polarity, but actually complementariness of such reality. Utilizing descriptive design, the study attempts to expose the fundamental ideas behind emic and etic and analyzes their utility in providing holistic understanding of human behavior. Developed by cultural anthropologist Harris, these perspectives are used in analyzing cultural phenomena. An example of how these two perspectives interplay is provided for by analyzing the re-enactment of Jesus Christ’s last hours on Good Friday during Holy Week in San Fernando, Pampanga. News and picture analyses are used as method. In this tradition, penitents (emic) believe that being nailed on wooden crosses is to thank God for a good life and get closer to Him. Though the practice has been frowned upon and discouraged by the Catholic Church (etic), it persists with increasing popularity. We cannot arrive at a more holistic understanding of any certain cultural phenomenon if our analysis is limited to one perspective only. Emic and etic perspectives therefore are equally important as both play different yet complementary roles in attaining holistic understanding of human behaviour.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Albert C. Albina ORCID No. 0000-0002-8124-7616 albinaalbert910@gmail.com Negros Oriental State University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Promoting Inclusivity in Higher Education among Badjaos as Cultural Minorities: The Bohol Experience Godofreda O. Tirol ORCID No. 0000-0002-5011-0190 godof.tirol@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:31 - 3:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 Badjaos are the indigenous ethnic group who are nomads; they started in Bohol as mendicants and are now informal settlers in Tutolan, Dauis, Bohol, Philippines. Utilizing descriptive research design, the study aimed to look into the impact of the educational intervention program of the provincial government of Bohol in collaboration with the Graduate School and Professional Studies of the University of Bohol as to impact, effectiveness, relevance and sustainability. It employed data analysis and qualitative method particularly informant interview among the stakeholders. It was found out that the beneficiaries of the program are mainstreamed in the formal educational programs from elementary to college. This project created a significant impact in the lives of the direct beneficiaries, their families and community. Success stories are integrated in the study in the hope that these shed light in the promotion of inclusivity in terms of educational opportunities among the cultural minorities. These imply transformative outcomes of education that empower and enable them, a shift from being mendicants to productive partners in the community and country. These can have a ripple effect on their children and the future generation of Badjaos. Keywords: Social study, cultural minorities, Badjaos, inclusivity, descriptive design, Philippines

Level of Development of Program Learning Outcomes in Relation to Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention Efren J. Barillo ORCID No. 0000-0001-8023-7937 efrenjbarillo@gmail.com Misamis University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:01 – 4:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 Business administration program develops students to become creative and innovative entrepreneurs. The intention of the would-be entrepreneurs to put up a business of their own is influenced by the program’s development of learning outcomes. As a descriptive-correlational study, the study explored the significant relationship between the level of development of the program learning outcomes of the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) program of Misamis University and the students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The data were gathered using the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ) and Program Learning Outcomes Assessment Tool (PLOAT). The data were subjected to mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s r. The study revealed that the University through the College of Business and Management has realized the BSBA program learning outcomes to a “Developed” level. The students’ level of professional attraction, social valuation, entrepreneurial capacity and entrepreneurial intention is “High”. The level of development of the BSBA program learning outcomes is significantly related to the students’ professional attraction, social valuation, entrepreneurial capacity and entrepreneurial intention. The study concludes that quality college education in business program is a good factor of students’ business intentions. It recommends socio-economic status (SES) as a factor to consider in studying further students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Keywords: Business education, professional attraction, social valuation, entrepreneurial capacity, entrepreneurial intention, descriptive-correlational study, Philippines

Academic Performance of Physical Therapy Graduates in the Licensure Examination

Keywords: Physical Therapy, academic performance, Grade Percentage Average, licensure examination, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Comparative Analysis between the Reading and Writing Performances of the Monograde and Multigrade Grade I Pupils Joel T. Aclao ORCID No. 0000-0001-5507-5868 joeltaclao@gmail.com Misamis University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:41 – 5:00 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Education, Grade I pupils, multigrade instruction, reading, writing, descriptive-comparative design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Multigrade instruction is a sustainable educational strategy of the government in areas of the Philippines wherein not enough pupils enrolled to have one teacher for a grade level. This descriptive-comparative study assessed the reading and writing performances and explored significant differences between the performances of the monograde and multigrade Grade I pupils. It was conducted in Ozamiz City Division involving 38 monograde and 38 multigrade pupils as respondents who were selected based on their grade point average and reading levels. Reading and writing performance tests were used as means to gather data. The data were subjected to mean, standard deviation and t-test. Results showed that the reading performance of the Grade I pupils in sight word recognition are within the “Basic” level and their performance in visual discrimination is at the “Advance” level. The monograde pupils had “Proficient” writing performance in readiness skills, tracing and copying lines, tracing and copying letters and writing small and capital letters while their multigrade counterparts performed at the “Advance” level. A significant difference between the writing performances of the monograde and multigrade Grade I pupils was noted. The study concludes that multigrade instruction is an effective sustainable educational strategy to help achieve the goals of Education for All.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

The academic performance of the Physical Therapy graduates refers the Grade Percentage Average of The Physical Therapy graduates from all their accumulated major subjects into three groups and their subsequent licensure examination results in three the same groups. As a study that used descriptive-correlational design, it explored the relationship between the licensure examination scores and the academic performance of the graduates of the same groups. The study used documentary analysis on the existing school records as to the GPA of the three groups on the graduates from 1999-2012 and the ratings of the same groups from the Professional Regulations Commission. It employed frequencies, percentages, correlation, and Analysis of Variance of the Licensure Examination Results and Academic Performance (GPA) on the three groups. Results showed that among the three groups, the Physical Therapy Applications group has the highest mortality rate. Majority obtained Fair (GPA of 2.6-3.0) in their academic performance which is not a predictor of passing the licensure examination. The outcome of this study is one of the bases for the curricular review of the courses and programs of the Physical Therapy Department of the University of Bohol.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Edralyne Seth B. Besa ORCID No. 0000-0001-8983-8085 edralyn@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Color Television Receiver Trainer Romel B. Cristobal ORCID No. 0000-0002-1913-184X romelbcristobal@gmail.com Isabela State University - Angadanan Campus, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 Teacher-made trainers such as the Color Television Trainer are continuously developed to give solution to the inadequacy of laboratory facilities. The study aimed to develop and construct a 14-inch color television receiver trainer utilizing locally available materials. It also aimed to test the performance of the trainer in selected classroom and performance testing; and evaluate the trainer in terms of design, functionality, safety, construction and relevance. Specifically, the study involved design, construction, simulation of faults and voltage test points and materials selection. Laboratory trials and experiments, testing and revisions, evaluation of its design, functionality safety and construction through questionnaire were likewise undertaken. The trainer was tested, accepted and evaluated by respondents from three technical schools. Using statistical mean, results per criteria revealed strongly agree evaluation by respondents which generally means that the trainer is acceptable to both students and instructors. Technical results also showed that the trainer is functioning normally and can simulate actual color television defects and reflected actual normal and abnormal voltage. The study concludes that the trainer can facilitate actual learning experiences about television receivers particularly in troubleshooting and repairing and provides a cheaper alternative in the selection of instructional materials. Keywords: Electronics Technology, development, testing and evaluation, quasi-experimental design (ADDIE Model), Philippines

CODEGROUNDS: An Interactive Computer Programming Tutorial Facebook Application Kristine Mae M. Adlaon ORCID No. 0000-0003-3020-6627 kadlaon@uic.edu.ph University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm· Venue: San Cristobal 1 In the field of Information Technology, most of the students find it too hard to understand Computer Programming. Others are eager to learn but they find it quite difficult and less fun. The need to develop a tool that can help people learn Computer Programming in an easier and fun way through social media. Thus, the study developed a Facebook application called CODEGROUNDS which was designed not only to be informative and highly interactive but also filled with fun. The study utilized the Input, Process, and Output research design. The respondents were divided into the experimental and control groups which were both given Pre and Post Diagnostic Evaluations. The t-test was used to determine whether there exists a significant difference in their mean scores after the conduct of the Diagnostic Evaluation. The results of the evaluation revealed that the respondents who used CODEGROUNDS showed significant improvements in their academic performance and in their self-confidence in their Computer Programming skills. The study concludes that CODEGROUNDS is an effective add-on tool in teaching Computer Programming and is therefore, highly recommended to be used to help improve the students’ learning. Keywords: Information Technology, learning tool, e-learning, social media, computer programming, Facebook application, Input-Process-Output Approach, Philippines

ICT Status of an Elementary School: Reflections of Digital Divide

Keywords: Information Communications Technology, computer, digital divide, ICT status, level of access, ICT skills, ICT utilization, Internet, multimedia, descriptive design, Philippines

Functionality of Marine Reserves: The Bohol and Sulu Seas Experience Maria Rio Abdon Naguit ORCID No. 0000-0002-9304-9246 rio.abdon@gmail.com Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Keywords: Marine Ecology, functionality, marine reserves, reef condition, abiotic cover, biophysical status, descriptive design (Line-intercept method), Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The study delved into the functionality of marine reserves in the Bohol and Sulu Seas in terms of their biophysical and socioeconomic status. The Line-intercept method was used to obtain benthic cover data. Reef condition using the four categories of hard coral cover was evaluated while assessment indices were computed. Quantitative estimates of coral reef fishes were made using a modified visual census technique. Most sites have a fair hard coral cover with condition indices as good to very good, but development indices were mostly poor to fair which could be attributed to high abiotic cover, particularly rubble and sand. Target fish mean density and biomass were generally higher in marine reserves than in the non-reserve areas. Moreover, it was revealed that majority of the fishing communities lacked understanding on the importance and purpose of the marine reserves. This may be the reason for failing to achieve full cooperation from them in which poaching still exists. In terms of the functionality of the MPAs, Mantigue appeared to be the only fully functional among the nine MPAs. There is a need to strengthen and improve the management and law enforcement of these marine reserves.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

The 21st century commenced with quantum leaps driven by Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The research aimed to determine the ICT status of Efigenio Enrica Lizares Memorial School (EELMS) in terms of ICT Access, Skills and Utilization, in relation to selected variables, namely: age, marital status, educational qualification and subject taught. Descriptive design was used and data were obtained using the researcher-made survey questionnaire. The respondents were the 37 elementary teachers of Efigenio Enrica Lizares Memorial School, Talisay City, Negros Occidental, Philippines. The results revealed that EELMS teachers manifested that their access to ICT is less adequate, ICT skill is low level and ICT Utilization is less extent. When these results were compared with the ICT roadmap of the Department of Education, EELMS is in the poor side of the digital divide. The outcome of the study somehow scratched the surface of the prevailing digital divide in the public elementary education in the Philippines, particularly the ICT capabilities of teachers thus, inviting deeper and further studies in a larger scale. It can be used as basis for reformulating ICT policies and designing development programs for public elementary schools to narrow the digital gap caused by the prevailing factors identified in this pilot study.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Jose Rabbi B. Malaga ORCID No. 0000-0001- 7945-4336 jrbmalaga@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Nutritional value of Pseudodiaptomus annandalie (Copepoda: Calanida) and its suitability as feed to milkfish larvae Romeo D. Caturao ORCID No. 0000-0001-9923-4859 rcaturao_49@yahoo.com.ph University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 The nutritional value of Pseudodiaptomus annandalie and its suitability as feed to milkfish larvae were determined. Pure isolates of P. annandalie was subjected to feeding in four different microalgal species (Chlorella sp., Chaetoceros calcitrans, Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chuii) for 15 days of culture. Lipid extraction was done using Bligh and Dyer method and analyzed in a gas chromatograph for fatty acid profile. Results were analyzed using univariate ANOVA (p.0.05) and subsequent Tukey’s Tests. Results of the first experiment showed that the amount of fatty acids in P. annandalie varied significantly at different microalgal diets. DHA/EPA ratio was highest in Chaetoceros calcitran (4.91%). These suggest that Chaetoceros calcitrans is the best microalgal food for P. annandalie because it promotes high DHA/EPA ratio in its fatty acid profile which is an important requirement for fish larvae. When live P. annandalie together with other natural foods were tested, results showed that treatment fed live copepods had significantly (p<0.05) higher average length after day 24 (14.86+0.78 mm) over other treatments. Survival rate was significantly highest in treatment fed live P. annandalie (65.58+0.65%) compared with other treatments. Live copepod therefore is a suitable feed for milkfish larvae because it contains high fatty acid profile. Keywords: Aquatic Ecology, Pseudodiaptomus annandalie, nutritional value, suitability as feed, fatty acid profile, DHA/EPA milkfish larvae, experimental design, Philippines

Profiling and Monitoring of Seagrasses: Marine Ecosystem Stewardship Sharon J. Ramos ORCID No. 0000-0001-8283-9763 sharon71_ramos@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 3:31 – 3:50 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 Seagrass beds are important component of the marine ecosystems. However, despite its risks, seagrasses remain the least studied among tropical coastal ecosystems. This study aimed to profile and monitor seagrass species in Tambo and Camudmud in the Samal Island from June 2011 to June 2012. SeagrassNet monitoring protocol was used in data gathering, and descriptive statistics namely; frequency, percentage distribution, ranking and Pearson’s r correlation were employed in the data analysis. Six seagrass species were found in both study sites, with Cymodocea rotundata as the most dominant. The distribution of seagrass species was greater in Tambo than in Camudmud. Transect B or mid-depth station was highly abundant with seagrasses. The biggest seagrass bed expansion in the two sampling areas was observed in April. While species composition and water depth were negatively correlated in Tambo, these two were not related in Camudmud. Also, species composition and canopy height were positively correlated in Tambo and not in Camudmud. Although the findings indicate that there were no major losses of seagrass in the study sites during the monitoring period, the literature provides evidence that there is widespread decline of seagrasses globally. Thus, an education campaign aimed at conservation of seagrass communities was designed. Keywords: Ecology and Conservation, seagrass profiling, seagrassNet monitoring protocol, HCDC Stewardship Program, marine ecosystem stewardship, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

English Proficiency among College Students using Language Learning Software to Enhance Their Productive Skills

Keywords: Language and Communication, JEEP-Start, productive skills, English proficiency, language learning software, DynEd

Speech Acts in Kris Aquino’s Tweets: A Content Analysis Ma. Juliet G. Vasay ORCID No. 0000-0002-4573-2104 majulietvasay@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Keywords: Sociolinguistics, Speech Act Theory, Twitter, micro-blogging, SNS, descriptive design (content analysis), Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Language is a powerful device for communication and a recognized tool for basic self-expression and learning. Through using Twitter, the elaboration of social interaction becomes easier and accessible; it becomes the primary method of doing things together and establishes a shared meaning that becomes the common ground of understanding by individuals and groups alike. The study aimed to analyze the tweets of Kris Aquino, known as the Queen of Multimedia, using speech act categories of Searle and predict the meaning based on the speech acts committed. Further, the tweets shed light on the application of speech act theory in social networking and micro-blogging sites. The study used content analysis for it represents systematic and objective means of describing and quantifying phenomena. The results showed that most tweets contained the ‘assertive’ label which refers to ‘those kinds of speech acts that state what the speaker believes to be the case or not’. Further, her influence as a public figure contributed to the forceful implication of realizing the speech act reflected by her readers. Since impression is reality and intention cannot be quantified, what the general audience perceives on a certain person serves to be the truth. Thus, misconception occurs due to poor judgment and elucidation on the tweets of the posters, readers and vice-versa.

Concurrent Sessions Day 1

The study described the relationship between the English proficiency of college students using the DynEd courseware and the productive skills among college students of Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan City. The students took up the Job Enabling English Proficiency-Start (JEEP-Start) program during the School Year 2011-2012. Respondents had good performance in Communication Arts/Skills I and II and skillful in their productive skills in English language as exhibited in their writing and speaking tests results. However, their entry and exit placement tests performance in the JEEP Start-I and II indicated that the students were not proficient in the English language. Moreover, their proficiency level in the entry placement tests varied significantly with age and gender. On the other hand, their productive skills in both writing and speaking were comparable as to age, gender and course, but differed significantly when they were grouped according to their performance level in Communication Arts/Skills I and II. The students’ English proficiency using the DynEd Courseware was positively correlated to their productive skills level in both speaking and writing, hence, students’ productive skills depend on their language proficiency.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Chile Abarido-Villadarez ORCID No. 0000-0003-1657-5215 chile724@yahoo.com Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:01 – 4:20 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | May 1-3, 2014 | Cebu City, Philippines

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Status of Manobo Language in Katipunan, Bayugan Julius M. Nunez ORCID No. 0000-0003-4455-5713 jill_voit@yahoo.com Philippine Normal University – Agusan, Philippines Day 1 · May 1 · 4:41 – 5:10 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 Manobo of Agusan del Sur is one group of cultural minority in Mindanao which resisted Spanish colonization through isolation. Other groups include the Bagobo, B’laan, Tagbanwa,Tagabili, Mangyan, Higaonon and Isneg. The study analyzes the status of Manobo language in Katipunan, Bayugan. It employs descriptive design and observation techniques. Key informants in the first and third phases are Manobo elders; children and non-lumad spouses (second phase). Katipunan lumad exist long before Cebuanos came. They build their huts along ‘Maatoy’ river and on hillsides. Obedient to their chief and rituals, boys hunt, plant or harvest with fathers; girls stay at home with mothers. Linguistic extinction threats are neighborhood, intermarriage, religion, education, career opportunities, lack of language development opportunities, and speakers’ linguisticcultural attitudes. Younger Manobo pronounce their mid central vowel /Ə/ and open mid, near front vowel /Ɛ/ incorrectly. A Manobo pedagogic grammar is proposed. Its natural linear Malayo-Polynesian structure concretizes the following instructional components: phonology, morphology, syntax. Manobo is gradually becoming out of use due to acculturation with Cebuano Visayan. Livelihood. Local Government Units may develop a livelihood program for Manobos. Language. Elders may require parents to transmit Manobo language to children, Lumad ‘Madrasah’. LGUs may establish local schools (akin to Muslim ‘Madrasah’). Keywords: Language, Manobo language, phonology, morphology, syntax, linguistic extinction threats, descriptive design, Philippines

Establishment of Talent Resource Center in Tagbilaran City

Day 2

Dioscoro O. Ayag, Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0001-6774-8345 junayag@yahoo.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:31 - 1:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 Talent is a gift or aptitude that is inherent; it separates individuals from the rest of the population. The study intended to ascertain the viability of engaging talents as an enterprise. As a descriptive study, it utilized mixed methods particularly survey and interviews with respondents who are potential clients, service providers and talents. They unanimously replied that they are willing to avail of the Center’s services, particularly in May when most town festivals are held. The preferred type of event is the Variety Show, followed by Beauty Pageant expressing their interests to outsource the talents/performers and managing events. The need of flexibility among event organizers and talent providers on their pricing is highlighted. They like to have their own homegrown talents. They preferred to outsource their talents because of the tremendous preparation to come up with quality performance. A combination of talents for singing, dancing, comedy and modeling is chosen. It is concluded that there is money in showcasing talents. It is foreseen to generate revenues for the project, ARTE, A Talent Resource Center. The results of the study indicate great sustainability potential for the establishment of Talent Resource Center in Tagbilaran City. This will also widen market opportunities supportive to all value chain providers especially in the tourism industry of Bohol. Keywords: ARTE, Talent Resource Center, outsourcing, mixed methods, Philippines

The Local Food Delicacies: Its Supply, Market and Value Chain

Keywords: Economics, local delicacies, supply, market and value chain, descriptive design, Philippines

Cuyono Christmas Festival: Cultural Beliefs, Practices and Values Estrella Solomon-Paras ORCID No. 0000-0003-3767-2428 estrella.paras@yahoo.com Palawan State University - Cuyo Campus, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Keywords: Sociology, religion, Cuyuno Christmas festivals, descriptive design (ethnographic research), Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Christmas is the most awaited festivity of the year, a season to prepare delicious food for the family. The study aims to find out the cultural beliefs, practices and values with the Cuyuno Christmas festivals among the 25 key informants who are selected on their talent, skill and intellectual ability to relate the Cuyuno culture embodied in the celebration of Christmas which were handed to them orally by their ancestors. Ethnographic research method and supplemented by photography technique are utilized. The data gathered from the key informants are significance and worthy to preserve and emulate such as the “bukabuka”, “teteres” “pastores”. The “Panagbalay”, either in Cuyuno or Bisayan versions, need to be preserved for enjoyment of the succeeding Cuyuno generations, which are sung by children and young adult from house to house for a fee, using musical instruments in making the caroling merry and significant. This means that the Cuyuno community give importance to Christmas celebration. The study concludes that Cuyuno observed the reverend holiday from December 16-25 by attending the “simbang-gabi.” They observe “noche-buena” by serving food at home.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

Food delicacies are little cakes served either as snack or desserts. Vendors often manufacture inventorial items and sell these to costumers without them knowing, they undertake all the processes of supply and value chains. The study was conducted to determine the supply and value chains of the local food delicacies and its contribution to the local economy. The study used the descriptive research design with the frequency count, percent and ranking as statistical tools. The respondents of the study were the itinerant food delicacy vendors. The common food delicacies sold were cassava cake, fresh young coconut juice with meat, gelatinous rice cooked in coconut milk, rice cake, boiled cassava, boiled ripe bananas and ripe fruits. The local public market was the source of raw materials. Others sourced them from their own and neighboring farms in their locality. There was a distinct supply and value chain. The capitals per day ranged from P501.00-1,000.00 while their daily net income ranged from P500.00-800.00. Itinerant vendors do not pay local taxes and part of the underground economy of the country. Nevertheless, the ingredients they used are VAT-covered. Supply, value and market chain exist in the processing and selling of the products.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Lilian Diana B. Parreño ORCID No. 0000-0001-7631-8259 parrenolilian@gmail.com Guimaras State College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Science Program of Colleges and Universities in Bohol: Retrospects Prospects Crisanto Deguito Pancito ORCID No. 0000-0001-9305-7791 crisantopancito@gmail.com Holy Name University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 Schools and institutions differ in the coverage of contents taught because of the teacher’s preparation and background. This study was conducted to evaluate the science program of the colleges and universities in Bohol to determine their compliance with the CHED Memorandum Order standards. Utilizing descriptive design, the study collected data using surveyquestionnaires, ocular inspection checklist and checklist of laboratory facilities and equipment, observation of classes by the researcher and external evaluators, and interview of alumni on the relevance of learning. The colleges and universities were satisfactory in the seven areas observed which means that condition and provisions were moderately extensive. Teachers’ academic qualification, research and community service were limited while laboratory facilities were very limited. Biology, Chemistry and Physics were below compliance based on CMO standards. The knowledge and skills gained by the alumni were basic and varied depending on their corresponding profession. Higher Educational Institutions in Bohol were comparable based on their compliance with CMO standards. Schools need periodic evaluation on academic and/or professional teaching qualifications among faculty members. Moreover, laboratory facilities need improvement to continually improve quality of instruction and eventually produce competitive and professional graduates. Keywords: Educational Management, science programs, colleges and universities, CMO Standards, descriptive design (mixed methods), Philippines

Extent of Use and Acceptability of Vernacular as Medium of Instruction Ronora S. Malaga ORCID No. 0000-0001-7754-1903 rsmalaga@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 1 There are collisions of views concerning the adoption of mother-tongue based instruction. While there are issuances to use it in teaching preschool and primary grade subjects, many teachers are not lured to embrace it. Grounded on this, the study purported to ascertain the extent of use and acceptability of vernacular as language of instruction in selected elementary schools in Negros Occidental, Philippines during Academic Year 2012-2013. Descriptive design was used with 117 teachers, 39 parents and 39 pupils as respondents. It utilized questionnaire and interview methods for data gathering. Mean, frequency and chi-square were the statistical tools employed. Results showed that the vernacular as medium of instruction was used and acceptable on a moderate level among teachers and parents while higher level of acceptability was exhibited by the pupils. Greater confidence in language utilization, the deployment of local learning resources and opportunity for creativity and innovativeness came out as its leading advantages. On the other hand, inadequate information, training and preparation appeared to be its major downsides. For the successful realization of the program, the Department of Education should carry out significant steps encompassing problem-analysis, placement of appropriate content, adequate materials, clear directives and fitting people to lead the implementation of vernacular instruction. Keywords: Education, vernacular instruction, K to 12 curriculum, descriptive design, Philippines

Effectiveness of Documentary Film as a Teaching Material

Keywords: Education, documentary film, teaching methods, quasi- experimental design, Philippines

Behavioral Leadership Styles of the University of Bohol Faculty in Relation to Job Performance Buenaventurada D. Libot ORCID No. 0000-0002-9863-2182 libotbenny@yahoo.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:01 – 4:20 pm· Venue: San Martin 1

Keywords: Management, Behavioral leadership styles, Job performance, Chi Square, Tagbilaran City, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Behavioral leadership styles refer to the behavioral approaches faculty members applied in the classroom. Job performance is the sum total of a teacher’s execution in their classes. This study aimed to determine the behavioral leadership styles in relation to faculty members’ job performance in the three selected colleges, namely College of Arts and Sciences, Teachers College and College of Business Administration of the University of Bohol during the school year 2012 – 2013 and benefits in the process of devising mechanisms to improve quality of behavioral styles to job performance. Quantitative descriptive studies were utilized employing a standardized tool to determine the behavioral leadership styles of the faculty, the researcher-made questionnaires for the profile, documentary analysis taken from the data of the University Human Resource Office was used in determining the job performance of the teaching employees and In-Depth-Interview (IDI) among faculty members of the three colleges. It made use of frequencies, percentages and Chi Square. Results showed that leadership style is not a predictor of faculty’s job performance. However, the job performance of the faculty with a task-oriented leadership style is significantly better than the people.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

Film documentaries have been used in the classroom for visual imagery and powerful audio which can engage students in ways that lectures in classrooms and textbooks cannot. With students in the classroom belonging to a highly mediatized generation in a highly visual culture, this quasi-experimental study sought to determine whether a documentary film could replace or outdo the teacher’s traditional lecture in teaching a particular topic in the classroom. A mini experiment was performed on students who were enrolled in Theology course specifically the topic on Christ’s Resurrection. The control group was given the lesson by their teacher using the traditional classroom lecture while the experimental group was exposed to a chosen documentary film produced by BBC entitled, “Resurrection: A Search for Answers”, instead of a teacher’s lecture. The study found that the levels of performance of both the experimental and control group increased from Average to High. Moreover, this investigation found that there is a significant difference in the mean gain scores between the control and experimental groups, in favor of the former. Thus, the students who were supervised through the lecture method performed better compared with those who were exposed to the chosen documentary film. Lastly, the attitude level of the students exposed to documentaries was established as high.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Teodoro S. Caballero ORCID No. 0000-0002-5402-7255 tcaballero@uic.edu.ph University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:31 – 3:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Predictors of Research Productivity among Faculty Members Shirley D. Dangan ORCID No. 0000-0001-7095-852X danganshirleyd@gmail.com Palawan State University – Cuyo Campus, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm· Venue: San Martin 1 Research productivity is the topmost concern of most universities. Based on the survey conducted, only few of the faculty members at Palawan State University had published researches in the last six years. The study aimed to identify the predictors of research productivity to provide administrators with research-based information that will serve as basis in the formulation of research policies that will help increase research productivity. The researcher used descriptive research design and involved 277 faculty members and 12 administrative officials of Palawan State University, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines as respondents. Methodological triangulation technique which includes survey, interview and focus group discussion were conducted using expert-validated instruments. Parametric tests including Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used in the statistical analysis of data. The results revealed that gender, rank and number of teaching hours predict research productivity. Interviews and focus group discussion disclosed that some of the faculty members were self-motivated to do research while others were motivated by points for promotion and load reduction. To increase research productivity, the university must organize trainings and mentoring on research process; give monetary incentives; reduce the workload of faculty who conducts researches; enhance faculty’s self-motivation to do research; and set guidelines for promotion of outstanding researchers. Keywords: Education, predictors of research productivity, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Stakeholders’ Level of Awareness and Acceptance of the Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives of Guimaras State College-College of Business Administration Erwin Dumagpi ORCID No. 0000-002-1178-8919 ed.dumagpi@gmail.com Guimaras State College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:41 – 5:00 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

The Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives (VMGO) statements define collective efforts and align the whole organization towards the achievement of programs of the institution. A study was conducted to determine the level of awareness and acceptance of the stakeholders on the vision and mission of Guimaras State College (GSC) and the goals and objectives of the School of Business Administration (BA). A duly validated researcher-made questionnaire was used. The respondents were students, faculty, staff, parents and members of the community known as stakeholders. They were highly aware and highly accepted the vision and mission of Guimaras State College and the goals and objectives of SBA. A significant difference existed in the level of awareness and acceptance of the members of the community, parents, faculty and staff when grouped according to gender, educational attainment, employment status and type of employment. The VMGO was known to the stakeholders through announcement in the bulletin board. A positive significant relationship existed between the level of awareness and level of acceptance of the VMGO of the GSC-School of Business Administration. The study will be the basis of formulating programs to further disseminate and allow the internalization of the VMGO to the stakeholders. Keywords: Education, level of awareness and acceptance, descriptive study, PhilippinesStatistical treatment Conclusions (optionsl)

Flying with Clipped Wings: A Glimpse on the Life Voyage of Lower Limb Adult Amputees

Keywords: Social Science, completeness, wholeness, life voyage, lower limb amputees, descriptive design (phenomenology), Philippines

Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Automated Hand Sanitation Unit (AHS) and Conventional Hand Sanitation Devices Ranie B. Canlas ORCID No. 0000-0001-5697-016X ranie.canlas@gmail.com Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Health Education, automated hand sanitation, conventional hand sanitation, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The study was conducted to compare the efficiency of the Automated Hand Sanitation (AHS) and the conventional hand sanitation (CHS) devices used in hand washing. It utilized descriptive and library research methods. In order to gather data, the researchers conducted observation, interview, and survey questionnaire. Both the AHS and conventional hand sanitation devices were tested and evaluated by selected respondents based on functionality, usability, reliability, performance and supportability or the FURPS Quality Model. To compare and determine the significant differences of the mean when grouped according hand sanitation systems, t-test for independent samples was used. The results showed that there is significant difference on the evaluation made by the respondents after testing both the devices. Some of the respondents had also undergone swab collection on some areas of their hands after using the devices and the collected samples were subjected to laboratory testing to validate if there are significant changes between the samples taken from respondents who used the AHS and those who used the conventional hand sanitation devices. The study concludes that the use of the AHS in promoting complete hand sanitation is more effective than using conventional hand sanitation devices. It is therefore recommended that the AHS be utilized in order to promote complete hand sanitation procedures.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

Few studies have investigated the experience of living with the loss of a leg and how this loss influences daily life in the initial year of post-discharge period. Utilizing descriptive design, the study aims to present a glimpse on the lived experiences of lower limb adult amputees and how losing a leg after one year affects their daily living. Eight participants are selected as coresearchers of the study based on validated criteria. Individual interviews and focus group discussion aid in the gathering of substantive data. Subsequently, three levels of reflective explication are done on the narratives of the co-researchers following the process specifically developed by the researcher grounded on the philosophy of interpretative phenomenology. Through the process of reflective explication, three themes surface: “living is like flying”, “finding and completing” and “searching and integrating to the wholeness”. These themes are viewed to influence the daily lives of the participants. The insights affirm that lives of the lower limb amputees are like “birds flying with clipped wings”. Despite felt depression, limitations and questions of completeness and wholeness, the participants find and search ways to cover up the situation and continue their lives in the most adaptive manner they can.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Jestoni D. Maniago ORCID No. 0000-0002-7084-8045 maniagojestoni@rocketmail.com Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 5:01 – 5:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Relationship between Client, Clinical Related Factor and the Level of Effectiveness of Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) Jestoni D. Maniago ORCID No. 0000-0002-7084-8045 maniagojestoni@rocketmail.com Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 The clinical related factor provides knowledge as to the set-up of the DOTS facility. The study utilized descriptive-correlational design of research which is concerned with the relationship of the DOTS client and clinical related factor to the level of effectiveness of the DOTS program. The study used the NTP-TB register of each Rural Health Unit for the list of clients who are registered under the Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse strategy for the Fiscal Year 2010 as the respondents of this study. There were 82 DOTS client identified and diagnosed of having tuberculosis. Frequency count, mean and percentage were employed particularly in the interpretation of the profile of the respondents and clinical related factor. Coefficient of Correlation and T-test were used in determining the influence of the profile of the client and clinical related factor to the level of effectiveness of the DOTS program. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the profile of the clients, clinical related factors and the level of effectiveness of the Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse program of the RHU. Keywords: Health Education, directly observed treatment shortcourse, client related factors, clinical related factors, level of effectiveness, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Growth Assessment of Gotu-Kola Herb in Catbalogan City Samar Anesia M. Jaromay ORCID No. 0000-0001-8905-6219 anesiamontives123@gmail.com Samar State University, Philippines DDay 2 · May 2 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 Centellaasiatica, commonly known as Gotu-kola, is a small, herbaceous, annual plant of the family Mackinlayaceae, native to India, SriLanka, Northern Australia, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Melanesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and other parts of Asia. It is medicinal herb which grows best in moist habitats. The study aimed: a) to find out the benefits of Gotu-kola plant; b) to come up with the end product of Guto-kola; and c) to determine its remedial features necessary in addressing health problems. The study utilized survey of different varieties and assessment of the growth of Gotu-kola. The research result revealed that the petiole of the herb is longer and its leaves are wider if planted in a loam soil, placed in shady area and submerged. It has more leaves under submerged condition. It can be grown successfully in the tropics where sufficient moisture is available either from rainfall or from irrigation. The study concludes that the number of leaves of Gotu-kola plant is not affected by soil type used in planting and exposure to sunlight. It is recommended that when propagating Gotu-kola plant, it should be done in a shady area, submerged condition, and that a loam type of soil should be used for a better yield. Keywords: Health Education, growth Gotu-kola parameters, submerged and drained conditions, plant environmental factor, experimental design, Philippines

Gender and Development (GAD) Mainstreaming among Local Government Units of Surigao Del Sur

Keywords: Gender and Development, gender mainstreaming, women studies, Local Government Units, descriptive-evaluative design, Philippines

Personal Variables as Determinants for Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Response to Calamities Donnabelle A. Castro ORCID No. 0000-0002-0211-0583 dacastrouic@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Psychology, multidisciplinary, extrinsic, intrinsic, motivation, volunteers, personal variables, organizations, descriptive-correlational and comparative design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are often observed when people are helping in times of calamities and disasters. People’s intention to help may sometimes matter when there is a particular reward in return. However, there are also people who would be willing to sacrifice their well-being just to help others. The study examined the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of volunteers coming from different organizations of Davao City and their real intentions of helping those who survived natural calamities. It further investigated their reasons for joining such organizations, as well as the connection between the volunteers’ personal variables and their helping motivation. The study used the descriptive correlational and comparative designs involving 400 respondents who answered a researcher-made questionnaire. It analyzed the data through the use of t-test, Analysis of Variance, and Chi square. It was found that most of the volunteers were intrinsically motivated. The study concludes that the helping behavior of people comes out naturally especially in times of calamities. Hence, it is recommended that the society should sustain such kind of motivation to cope with psychological depression and trauma.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

Developmental processes have oftentimes neglected women. This neglect among women has become a major issue in both developed and developing countries. It resulted in women’s loss of opportunities, safety, freedom, and autonomy. The study looked into the Gender and Development mainstreaming in the province of Surigao del Sur based on the five goals, namely: the number of a) LGUs with GAD Plan incorporated in their Annual Implementation Plans; b) local councils of Women organized; c) LGUs with GAD Focal Points; d) LGUs with GAD Code; and e) inclusion by LGUs of the 5% GAD budget in their annual budgets. The five areas were surveyed and measured using Likert Scale. On GAD Focal Points, all LGUs have designated Focal Points. However, there are LGUs that have no GAD Plans and GAD Code. On the provision of 5% budget for GAD Program, not one of the LGUs complied with the statutory requirement. The Department of Budget and Management had to use its power to sanction LGUs that do not comply with the statutory requirement for GAD. These findings can be used in revisiting the Province’s goal of pursuing gender equality and achieving the vision of a genderresponsive society where men and women equally contribute to and benefit from development.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Jingle M. Luna ORCID No. 0000-0001-7171-7517 jingle.luna.jl@gmail.com Surigao del Sur State University – Tandag Campus, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Capturing the Aeta Tribal Dances in Pampanga: A Creative Dance Piece Rommel Cezar Rivera ORCID No. 0000-0001-5424-6637 dynahsoriano@yahoo.com Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:31 – 3:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 The study assessed the pure and unique characteristics of the dance entitled “PASALAMAT.” The veracity of the steps created by the researcher as reflected in the dance was reviewed and presented to the participants in the dance seminar-workshop held on September 2013 in Pampanga, Philippines. The participants of the study consisted of 92 attendees. These attendees are PE teachers, MAPEH major students, dance teachers, choreographers and performers. The background/context, movement/steps, particular to the dance, dance properties and movement of the dance were reviewed and assessed based on the existing guidelines and other parameters approved by the dance experts in the country particularly the Philippine Folkdance Society and National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Based on the findings, the background/context, movement/steps, particular to the dance and dance properties demonstrate statistically significant. The study recommends promotion and preservation of the dance. Keywords: Sociology, indigenous dance, Aeta tribal dance, creative dance, descriptive design, Philippines

Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Face Shape Variation among Maranao Students from Iligan City Judy Rita A. Bacalso ORCID No. 0000-0002-5382-7488 jab_icc@yahoo.com.ph Iligan Capitol College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:51 – 4:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 Facial features in man are one of the important foundations of information for many areas of biological investigation. The study was conducted to determine patterns of symmetrical variation and levels of fluctuating asymmetry in facial shapes among Maranao men and women from Iligan City. An ANOVA decomposition that extends the two-factor mixed model ANOVA was used to decompose the symmetrical and asymmetrical components of shape variation. Results showed significant interindividual facial shape variation in both sexes, with symmetric variation confined to differences in the shapes of the chin and the cheeks. Most importantly, this population was found to exhibit high levels of fluctuating asymmetry, which is a measure of developmental noise. There are many reasons for the significant amount of fluctuating asymmetry in facial shapes among the Maranao men and women recruited. The many advantages of cousin marriages among the Maranao may be offset by the potential biologic risk to the offspring where inbreeding depression resulting in endogenous stresses during the development of the individual through the expression of deleterious homozygous genes. Therefore, marriages between people of close biological kin should be discouraged, especially in families where a lot of inbreeding has already taken place in previous generations. Keywords: Biology, face shape variation, geometric morphometrics, Maranao students, descriptive design, Philippines

The Management of Income-Generating Projects (IGPS) of Surigao Del Sur Polytechnic State College

Keywords: Education, management, income-generating projects, descriptive design, Philippines

Entrepreneurial Competencies and Intention of Selected Graduating College Students Jeremias L. Convocar ORCID No. 0000-0002-6489-5881 jeremiasconvocar@yahoo.com West Visayas State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:41 – 5:00 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Management, entrepreneurial competence, intention, college, graduating students, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Entrepreneurship has been widely acknowledged as an important factor that contributes to the economic development and growth of a country. The study determined the level and prevailing entrepreneurial competencies and intention of 170 randomly selected graduating students of WVSU Lambunao Campus during the second semester of School Year 20132014. The descriptive-correlational research design employed the published Personal Entrepreneurial Competence (PECs) Self-Rating Questionnaire (in SERDEF, 2007) and on-line published 10-item behavioral-intention-oriented scale of Linan and Chen (2009). Result showed that the graduating students were generally had “good or strong” entrepreneurial competence with goal setting; information seeking; persistence; and self-confidence as the prevailing competencies. They generally had “above average” entrepreneurial intentions with exception of BSIT and those with no entrepreneurial experience who had an “average” intention. Significant difference was found in the graduating students’ entrepreneurial intention when they were grouped according to their course. Positive and significant relationship was found between graduating students’ entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial intention. Hence, strong entrepreneurship education will increase students’ intention and likelihood to explore an entrepreneurial career which may significantly contribute to the development of the economy.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

The study aimed to assess the various income-generating projects in the six campuses of Surigao del Sur Polytechnic State College. It features the status, problems and prospects in running the affairs of the business. The study used the descriptive design. The process included description, analysis, interpretation and comparison. Sixty-one employees, who were involved in the management of income-generating projects, were invited to accomplish the survey questionnaire. The statistical techniques used in analyzing and interpreting the data were descriptive measures, weighted mean, Analysis of Variance, and Chi-square. Culled from the conclusions, the study recommends that the school administration should expose the management staff to extensive business-related seminars, trainings and workshops; the staff involved in the management of income-generating projects should be well-informed on the sources of capital, amount of initial capital, and the number of years of existence of the projects; and the financial statement and other relevant information should be presented during the faculty and staff or administrative council meetings.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Ernesto P. Buniel ORCID No. 0000-0002-5846-1278 gie_gruyal@yahoo.com Surigao del Sur State University-Cantilan Campus, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Agricultural Infrastructure: Its Contribution to Rural Development Wilfredo D. Carreon Jr. ORCID No. 0000-0002-0740-2761 jrmsu_vpred2009@yahoo.com Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 5:01 – 5:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 2 The study aimed to determine the level of infrastructure investment of different municipalities of Zamboanga del Sur along construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation of farm-to-market roads and the extent to which these farm-to-market roads promoted the rural development in the province during the years 2010-2011. The descriptive survey method was used aided by a questionnaire and documentary analysis checklist in gathering data. Focus group discussion technique, informal dialogues with the Local Government Unit, barangay officials, group of farmers and residents during field visits were also considered. Likewise, it engaged frequent unscheduled conversation with Project Coordinators assigned in the municipality. Frequency count, mean, computations, t-test were the main statistical tools used. The study revealed that the most common benefits of the people with the farm-to-market roads included cheaper transportation cost from farm to market, reduced agricultural cost, increased value of lad and shortened travel time. There was a significant change in the income of people and in the transportation utilization of the respondents before and after the implementation of the farm to market roads. The study introduced activities to address the problems met along agricultural infrastructure development. It is recommended that the government should provide more funds for the construction/rehabilitation of farm to market road projects. Keywords: Agricultural infrastructure, infrastructure investment, rural development, descriptive design, Philippines

Strategy in Bringing Ceriops decandra Roots Back to Negros Mangrove: Community Tipping Species-based Conservation Action Andrew D. Ordonio ORCID No. 0000-0002-0476-7749 andrewordonio@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 5:21 – 5:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Dissemination of EcoTipping Point perspective fulfills a more functional public paradigm achieving human and ecological security and sustainability. Consistent with the aims of the project to generate constructed knowledge and leadership enabling the sustainable conservation and management of mangrove, this action-based project summary and evaluation paper describes the strategy and community learning developed and modified in the context of action research results grounded on the principles of EcoTipping from the 3-year “Species-based Mangrove Conservation” Project initiated by CHMSC-COF RDU and fisherfolk organization partner. The rapid decline and loss of Ceriops decandra in much of its range in Negros Occidental is central to the reversing of the trend in this EcoTipping project report. Ceriops decandra is highly threatened by removal of mangrove areas in lieu of coastal development but to include this species for mangrove conservation may likely not qualify C. decandra for a Threatened category. One of the important learning derived from this project is empowerment - allowing the community to devise a simple solution to a complex problem without elaborate political discussion and high cost project design. This paper forwards a management approach embedding appropriate framework accomplishes both development and environmental conservation objectives for greater biodiversity and livelihood sustainability. Keywords: EcoTipping, Ceriops decandra, conservation action, Species-based management, Philippines

Nutraceutical and Phytochemical Composition of Baay (Dioscorea sp.) Plant as Influenced by its Indigenous Processing Practices

Keywords: Biology, nutraceutical and phytochemical compositions, Baay (Dioscorea sp), indigenous processing practices, phytochemical screening, descriptive-evaluative design, Philippines

Safety of Children from Lead in Kids’ Materials Judilynn N. Solidum ORCID No. 0000-0002-2082-9487 graloheus@yahoo.com University of the Philippines-Manila, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Toxicology, lead, flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, children, descriptive-exploratory design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Heavy metals like lead was observed to be present in the environment and may cause ready contamination of varied commercial products. The presence of lead was seen in different commodities marketed in Manila, Philippines. Children are most vulnerable to its toxic effects having a 50% absorption rate of it after ingestion. The study followed a descriptive-exploratory design. It aimed to determine the amounts of lead in rubber erasers and mats, plastic dolls, and differently colored face paints. The amounts of lead in the various samples were compared against standard for lead in toys, colorants and food. The projected blood levels, mathematically obtained, were compared with the safe blood levels for children set by the Center for Disease Control at 5mcg/dL. The rubber erasers RE1, RE2 and the unbranded red face paint UFPr1,2,3 all of them went beyond the set limit for lead in food. All samples tested went beyond the safe limit of lead in blood except for two kinds of branded white face paint, all kinds of plastic dolls and one rubber eraser. The amounts found in two rubber eraser brands (RE1,RE2) and two red unbranded face paints (UFPr1,UFPr2) reached more than the chelation point at 40mcg/dL.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

Baay (Dioscorea sp.) is known to be a poisonous tuber, but despite this, it is continuously consumed by indigenous people. This study aimed to document the indigenous food processing system of Baay (Dioscorea sp.) plant and evaluate how this processing system influenced the tubers nutraceutical and phytochemical composition. The study employed descriptive-evaluative design and laboratory analysis. Individual interview, Focus Group Discussion and actual observations were conducted to document indigenous food processing system while laboratory analysis was determined following the standard methods of AOAC & UST: Guide to Plant Screening. Findings of the study revealed two different processing methods with respect to the available resources in their locality. Nutraceutical and phytochemical components were influenced by the different processing methods and were found to be significant (ρ > 0.05). Nutritive composition of the processed tubers in the upland villages were found to be reduced compared with the processing methods practiced by coastal villages while phytochemical constituents in the tubers were not detected in both processing. Differences on nutraceutical composition and dissociation of poisonous components could be traced on the soaking activity which triggers the leaching effort of nutrients and poisonous components of the tubers. This result suggests palatability for human consumption.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Roxan G. Eupeña ORCID No. 0000-0002-0885-0865 roxan.eupena47@gmail.com Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

The Hardy - Weinberg Principle in the Transmission of Thalassemia and Selected Phenotypic Traits for Three Generations in Random-Mating Population Mary Jane G. Barluado ORCID No. 0000-0003-1340-0292 maryjanebarluado@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 The Hardy-Weinberg Principle is used to determine the passing of genetic traits through generations in random-mating populations that are not affected by the evolutionary processes of mutation, migration, or selection. It is used to predict transmission of traits of known alleles and genotypes. This study tested the applicability of the Hardy-Weinberg Principle for traits of known phenotypes (physical characteristics) without the need to determine the traits’ genotypes (genetic basis). The study used descriptive design in evaluating the frequencies of five selected phenotypic traits and the genetic disease thallasemia for three generations in three separate populations in Davao City. The frequency data were then analyzed for the traits’ homozygosity/ heterozygosity in the family respondents. The results of data analyses showed consistency with the HardyWeinberg equation, p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 (where p and q are the two alleles) for all three Davao populations. This means that the Hardy- Weinberg Principle may be utilized to predict traits transmission even without the need to determine genetic basis. Keywords: Health Education, population genet1ics, Hardy-Weinberg Principle, thalassemia, phenotypic Traits, alleles, descriptive design, Philippines

E-Cashiering System of Jose Rizal Memorial State University Joseph Aurelius Jacinto ORCID No. 0000-0002-4309-5594 aulspark@yahoo.com Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 This study aimed to develop an electronic cashiering system with the application of developmental research method. It utilized 42 respondents who evaluated the effectiveness of the system in terms of functionality, accuracy and efficiency. The existing computer –based cashiering system of JRMSU involved student registration, assessment and payment which experienced several issues and unable to meet the growing demands for their students. In order to meet this demand, an Electronic Cashiering System was developed using the concept of System Development Life Cycle in the development. It consists of a hardware and software that run together seamlessly and operates on a network. It has a higher degree of functionality, accuracy and efficiency. Thus, it is recommended for utilization in the cashiering process in Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan Campus. Keywords: e-cashiering, System Development Life Cycle, computer-based cashiering system

Predictors of the Licensure Examination for Teachers: A Regression Model

Keywords: Education, predictors, Regression Model, criterion, Licensure Examination for Teachers, Philippines

Effects of Internal Control System on Financial Performance in an Institution of Higher Learning Loureville Gilda M. Urquia ORCID No. 0000-0002-3996-4005 lgurquia74@gmail.com Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:31 – 3:50 pm· Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Education Management, financial performance, internal control system, correlation, case study, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The study investigated the relationship between internal control systems and financial performance in Surigao del Sur State University. The research was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative approaches using survey, correlation and case study as research designs. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guide basically Deans, and Finance and Accounts staff as respondents from a population of 13 Surigao del Sur State University staff. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists where conclusions were drawn from tables. The study found that management of the institution is committed to the control systems, actively participates in monitoring and supervision of the activities of the University, all the activities of the Institution’s activities are initiated by the top level management, that the internal audit department was not so efficient, in the reporting address weaknesses in the system. It was however, revealed that all revenues and expenditures are properly classified, and that assets of the University have generally increased. The study, therefore, concludes that internal control systems do function although with hiccups and that there was a significant relationship between internal control systems and financial performance in an Institution of higher learning.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

The study aimed to investigate the predictors of the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) among the Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSE) graduates of Negros Oriental State University (NORSU) System with an end view of developing a regression model for predicting ratings in the LET. Under the assumption of linear relationship between the predictor and criterion variables involved in this study, simple and multiple linear correlation as well as linear regression analysis were utilized to answer the problems posted in this study. Statistical analysis was performed using 5% level of significance. The standard multiple regression was the major analysis used and the researcher used Cohen’s criteria (2001:146) in assessing the unique contribution of the independent variables. It is concluded that the LET performance is an interplay of several predictor variables, including the following: Verbal Comprehension, Verbal Reasoning, Figural Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, Overall Entry Competence, General Education and Professional Education in coursework and General Education, Professional Education and Field of Specialization in the LET review.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Don Vicente C. Real ORCID No.0000-0003-0002-2237 c_refugio@yahoo.com Negros Oriental State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Models of Teaching and Learning Process in General Biology Gee Marie S. Binag ORCID No. 0000-0002-6253-3166 geemariebinag@gmail.com Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:51 – 4:10 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 An institution usually takes into account all the necessary parameters to make the educational process a success; however, there are situations in which teaching-learning fails. The study was conducted to find out the exploratory variables that significantly predict student performance in Biological Concepts in General Biology. The respondents were the 236 second year college students and 10 faculty members of Agusan Del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology. The findings revealed that the student-respondents of this study perceived the biological concepts not so easy. From the analysis, the regression model for profile, factors that affect students’ performance and Biological concepts are as follows: a.) Introduction to Biology (Y’) = 1.971 + 0.400* Self-efficacy; b) Life Processes (Y’) = 1.94 + 0.28* Self-efficacy ;c) Biological Levels of Organization (Y’) = 1.165 + 0.382* Self-efficacy+0.271*Gender+0.182*Family; d) Chemical Basis of Life (Y’) = 1.08 + 0.45* Self-efficacy+0.30*Gender e) Tissues, Organs, and Organ System (Y’) = 2.08 + 0.23* Gender+ 0.23*Se+0.21*Course. Self-efficacy, family, gender and course can significantly predict concepts in General Biology. Teachers should apply teaching strategies that can boost and develop the level of self-confidence and self–efficacy of the students in imparting knowledge particularly in teaching Biological Concepts. Keywords: Education, self-efficacy, teaching-learning model, biological concepts, school and family factors, exploratory design, Philippines

Exploring Competencies of Statistics Instructors: Implications for the Future Florabelle B. Patosa ORCID No. 0000-0002-7423-3566 fbpatosa@yahoo.com Samar State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 3 One of the critical factors that has been debated and argued over the years concerns statistics educators. Unfortunately, studies have shown that the Statistics educators’ teaching quality in institutions of higher learning today leaves much to be desired. The study explored the competencies of Statistics instructors among Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Eastern Visayas, Philippines to instigate advancement in sustaining and enhancing teaching-learning in statistics. A descriptive research design was utilized in this study. A total of 97 instructors handling Introductory Statistics subjects from 59 HEIs were considered as respondents. Research data were collected utilizing validated questionnaire and achievement test designed to measure Statistics instructors’ competencies. Results revealed that most of the instructors are non-Statistics majors; have not attended adequate trainings; possess considerable competence along teaching strategies, classroom management/organization, communication skills, professional skills and working relation; and have low mastery in Statistics. Findings provide considerable evidence that only a comparatively small fraction of Introductory Statistics sections are taught by teachers with substantial and recent competence and training in the subject. Knowledge of teacher competence would serve as relevant input in planning effective interventions to enhance teachers’ competence whose quality of teaching will impact heavily on the quality of learning. Keywords: Education, competencies, teaching strategies, classroom management/organization, communication skills, descriptive design, Philippines

Effectiveness of Video Lecture Material as Instructional Tool for a Statistics Class

Keywords: Mathematics Education, video lecture material, effectiveness, statistics proficiency, quasi-experimental design, Philippines

Intrinsic Motivational Factors Affecting the Performance of Engineering Graduates in the Mathematics Component of the Licensure Board Examination Merricris J. Uson ORCID No. 0000-0003-4477-7308 drewmerri2011@gmail.com Bulacan State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 5:01 – 5:20 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Education, intrinsic motivational factors, self- efficacy, goal setting, performance, board examination, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The study sought to identify and evaluate the intrinsic motivational factors affecting the performance of engineering graduates in the mathematics component of the licensure board examination. Specifically, it sought answers to the following: 1) No. of graduates of the college of engineering be described in terms of the following intrinsic motivational factors: 1.1) curiosity; 1.2) enjoyment; 1.3) intellectual challenge; 1.4) goal setting; 1.5) sense of purpose; and (1.6) self-efficacy. 2) the level of performance of the engineering graduates in the mathematics component of the licensure board examination; and 3) The aforecited intrinsic motivational factors that significantly affect the performance of engineering graduates in the mathematics component of the licensure board examination? The study utilized the descriptive method of research. The respondents of the study composed of 189 engineering graduates of the Bulacan State University who took licensure board examination last 2007 in the different fields of specialization, namely: civil, mechanical, electrical, electronics and communications engineering. The study concludes that the respondents had a high intrinsic motivational level except in the enjoyment factor which attained moderate intrinsic motivational level.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

The quest for better strategies in teaching is a never-ending process. This is heightened more by the myriad online instructional materials fit for classroom use. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of video lecture materials for statistics proficiency of first year students of Davao Doctors College. The researcher employed quasi-experimental design which involved purposively chosen 31 students for control group and 26 students for experimental group. The control group received traditional instruction while the experimental group utilized video lecture materials as instructional tool. The questionnaire used was the 50-item multiple choice examination with a reliability index of 0.82. This investigation used t-test analysis to establish the same level of statistics proficiency among the research participants before the conduct of the study. The pre-test and post-test scores for each of the control and experimental groups revealed significant differences. As to the comparison of the mean of the post-test of the two groups, the mean of the experimental group was higher than the control group.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Renan P. Limjuco ORCID No. 0000-0002-1812-8673 rlimjuco@uic.edu.ph University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Applicability of Central Limit Theorem on Machine Generated Random Variables for Regression Model Apolinar T. Paulican ORCID No. 0000-0002-5394-8976 polin_poli@yahoo.com Mountain View College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 5:21 – 5:40 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 The study focused on the asymptotic characteristics of the least-squares estimates of the parameters of regression models when the error terms were generated by the usual machine congruential generator and by using known chaotic dynamical system. The study also considered the normal approximation error , where is the cdf of the standard normal distribution. The magnitude of this error provides a measure on how the central limit theorem applies for machine-generated errors. The result of the study showed that the estimate of the parameters of the regression model were distributed normal when the error terms were generated by congruential generator and by a tent map. Keywords: Mathematics (modelling), Central Limit Theorem, machine generated random variables, regression model, congruential generator, descriptive design, Philippines

WRiP: Instructional Web Engineering with Raspberry Pi for Bulacan State University College of Engineering Mae Grace Dc. Calonzo ORCID No. 0000-0003-3581-1287 maegracedelacruz@gmail.com Bulacan State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:31 – 1:50 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 This study sought to help the College of Engineering, Bulacan State University adapt to technological changes to effectively teach students who are dubbed as the “online generation.” Using the Raspberry Pi as the web server, the study developed a webbased application capable of delivering instructions with regard to the subject of Web Engineering of Bulacan State University’s Computer Engineering Department. The Raspberry Pi web server was configured to use basic computer peripherals such as monitor, keyboard, mouse and a network adapter for easily managing the remote system. The Raspbian OS and Apache 2 were installed in the Raspberry Pi as its operating system and web server. A Learning Management System (LMS) was also developed using Python, Django Framework, JavaScript, HTML and CSS. The LMS holds the students’ and professors’ data, subject lessons, examinations and scores. After developing the LMS, it was integrated with the Raspberry Pi and tested using white box and black box testing methods. By extensive research and planning on how to use the Raspberry Pi and executing the plans why still being open to errors, the study was successfully developed. Implementing it in the computer laboratory of the College of Engineering advances a different technique in teaching using new technologies. Keywords: Information Communication Technology, learning management system, Raspberry Pi, web-based instruction, Philippines

Efficiency of Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Providers in Select Caraga Provinces

Keywords: Technology Education, efficiency, TVET providers, descriptive-evaluative design, Philippines

Platform Design Variable Identification for a Product Family using Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization Seung Ki Moon ORCID No. 0000-0002-2249-7500 skmoon@ntu.edu.sg Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Day 2 · May 2 · 2:11 – 2:30 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Keywords: Marketing, design decision-making, multidisciplinary design optimization, particle swarm optimization, product family and platform design, descriptive design, Singapore

ISSN: 2094-9529

The variability of products affects customers’ satisfaction by increasing flexibility in decision-making for choosing a product based on their preferences in competitive market environments. In product family design, decision-making for determining a platform design strategy or the degree of commonality in a platform can be considered as a multidisciplinary optimization problem with respect to design variables, production cost, company’s revenue, and customers’ satisfaction. The objective of the study was to apply a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) approach to determine design variables for the best platform design strategy based on commonality and design variation within the product family. The study investigated evolutionary algorithms and module-based design approaches to identify an optimal platform strategy in a product family. It described modifications to apply the proposed MOPSO to the multi-objective problem of product family design and to allow designers to evaluate varying levels of platform strategies. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the study used a case study involving a family of General Aviation Aircraft. The study showed that the proposed optimization algorithm can provide a proper solution in product family design process through experiments. The limitations of the approach and future work were also discussed.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

In the Philippines, Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) systems became the jurisdiction of Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) as legally mandated in RA 7796 otherwise known as the TESDA Act of 1994. The TVET provides education and training opportunities to prepare students and other clients for employment. The study determined the profile and level of efficiency of TVET providers in the provinces of Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur, Caraga Region, Philippines. It employed descriptive research design. Data were collected using the validated survey instrument. These were subjected to statistical treatment using mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The results showed that, overall, TVET providers are very efficient in terms of training provision across all seven facets measured. However, there are specific areas where the level of efficiency needs to be improved. This implies that the efficient TVET providers may have the influx of enrolment, records of creditable trainees and support from stakeholders once sustained. It likewise supports the directions of TVET in the Philippines in enhancing quality, relevance, access and equity in the system. It is recommended that the training courses should be made more efficient using the principle of “economies of scale.”

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Romy Jun A. Sunico ORCID No. 0000-0003-2226-1212 junsunico13@gmail.com Surigao State College of Technology, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 1:51 – 2:10 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Cyber-plagiarism in the Googling Age among Pre-service Filipino Teachers Warren A. Ramos ORCID No. 0000-0002-7301-7626 profwarrenramos@gmail.com Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 2:51 – 3:10 pm· Venue: San Cristobal 1 The academic integrity of Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) in the Philippines is at stake if the many-sided issues on cyber-plagiarism remain unnoticed. The study employed descriptive-correlational design with an interview and documentary analysis to identify, differentiate and correlate education students’ extent of awareness and extent of committing cyberplagiarism. Participants were 33 undergraduate education students and 10 teachers in a private university in the Philippines. Data were analyzed using weighted mean, t-test of independence and Spearman’s r coefficient of correlation. Results showed that majority of the respondents used Google as their Internet search engine when doing paper works. The study also revealed that the students were highly aware of cyber-plagiarism. Majority of them also admitted that they committed various forms of cyber-plagiarism to a moderate extent. Furthermore, survey on teachers revealed that the students cyber-plagiarize very often. The challenging part of the study was the significant moderate correlation (r=.654) between the extent of awareness and the extent of committing cyber-plagiarism among students. Findings of the study led to the recommendation of fair practice, and the implementation of proposed preventive strategies in cyber-plagiarism. Keywords: Education, cyber-plagiarism, Teacher Education Institutions, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Development of Multimedia Training Material for RV-500 Nancy M. Santiago ORCID No. 0000-0002-1499-5948 nmsantiago07@yahoo.com Bulacan State University, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:11 – 3:30 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 The study aimed to develop and evaluate a multimedia training material for RV-500 robot. The RV-500 robot is a five axes robot, controlled by a stepper motor that uses PPC2103 as its controller card. To be able to move in its direction, the RV-500 uses a control program, the RV 500EWin. The five axes comprising the waist, shoulder, elbow and wrists roll together with the electric driver grippers provides an intricate movement within the working envelope. The development of multimedia training material for RV-500 was divided into five phases: requirement, specification, design, integration and evaluation. In the process of development, topics on the subject of Robotics were also included. The findings of the study revealed that the multimedia training material for RV-500 provides an active exchange of information between the software and the students. Through the use of these training materials, trainers and learners are not bound and can move ahead at their own rate and paces. Topics are presented with an appealing background and good text combination, clearer narrative sounds and related graphics. In terms of acceptability, the training material was examined in terms of four criteria: content, usability, readability and instructional design. Keywords: Education (Technology), multimedia, training material, robot, RV-500, quai-experimental, Philippines

Alignment of Chartered SUCs Information Technology Program to the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Policies and Standards

Keywords: Technology Education, alignment, chartered SUCs, CHED policies and standards, descriptive-evaluative design, Philippines

Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Individual Variation in Bumblebee Wings Ray Vincent E. Araña ORCID No. 0000-0002-6502-0012 rayvincentarana@gmail.com Illigan Capitol College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:01 – 4:20 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Keywords: Biology, bumblebee wing, wing morphometry, quasi-experimental design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Morphological features are an important source of information for many areas of biological investigation. Insect wings have been the subject of geometric morphometric analysis in the past, and are considered excellent system for studying morphological variation because of their solid or rigidly articulated structures. Variation in wing shape and size of 59 individuals of bumblebee was described and explored to understand the way in which biological form varied from each other. Sexual dimorphism was also examined with both left and right forewings and hind wings as characters. Landmark-based geometric morphometrics method was used to quantify and analyze wing morphological features. Differences in size among the individuals were determined using Kruskal-Wallis test performed on the PC scores and visualized using box plots. Scatterplot was used in the determination of the differences in shape. Results revealed that individuals of bumblebee differed less with respect to shape. Overlapping of individuals is visible on both wings in both sexes, which shows absence of dimorphism. Male individuals have larger forewings compared with females. Slight variation was observed for both sexes in terms of hind wings, which indicates that both individuals exhibit common size characteristic and absence of dimorphism. Thus, size may be considered as a basis for sex determination and that wing size is somewhat a sexual dimorphic trait among bumblebee species.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

Considering the global challenge of achieving excellence in education, it is imperative that the Philippine Higher Education Institutions should generally align to the standards set by the accrediting bodies. The study aimed to determine the alignment of chartered SUCs IT program in the Caraga Region to CHED Policies and Standards. Employing mixed methods, the study considered three types of instruments: survey questionnaire, interview schedule, and observation/ocular visit checklist. The survey questionnaire and observation/ocular visit checklist, which was based on CMO no. 53, series 2006 for Information Technology Education Programs, were used. Data were subjected to statistical treatment as frequency, mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that in terms of alignment percentage by geographical location, generally, the areas – curriculum outline, instructional standards, admission and residence requirements, garnered the highest alignment percentage of 100.00% in four geographical locations. The study, therefore, concludes that one geographical location is not significantly better than the other, or that one is not significantly more aligned than other geographical locations. It is recommended that chartered SUC administrations should continuously upgrade and update the school’s physical facilities and equipment in conformity to the CHED standards and other recognized accrediting agencies that require standardization to support the IT faculty in the delivery of instruction.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Unife O. Cagas ORCID No. 0000-0002-2323-4534 uuocgs@yahoo.com Surigao State College of Technology, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 3:31 – 3:50 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 2 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Assessment of the Riparian Vertebrate Wildlife of the Ilog-Hilabangan River System: Terrestrial Vertebrate Component Arlene M. Ebalde ORCID No. 0000-00029845-2093 lyn.ebalde@gmail.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:21 – 4:40 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 A study on the terrestrial riparian vertebrate fauna of Ilog-Hilabangan river system was conducted from March to September, 2011. The primary objective of the study was to determine the species, diversity, and threats to the terrestrial wildlife fauna present in the area. The study employed several field collection techniques to sample the different terrestrial vertebrate taxa living close to the river. They include the use of mist nets for capturing volant and non-volant vertebrates, snap traps for capturing rodents, and direct observation. Sampled vertebrates were identified with the help of taxonomic guides developed by different authors specializing on birds, mammals, and herpetofauna. Specimens that were difficult to identify were referred to the vertebrate specialists involved in the study while collections that were not identified were sent to the Silliman University Natural History Museum for identification. Results of the study indicate that there are about 13 species of mammals, 30 species of herpetofauna, and 122 species of birds found in the area. The result of sampled vertebrates comprised mainly of common species associated within the highly disturbed and agroforestry system. The terrestrial riparian vertebrate study is part of a project undertaken by several schools to assess the Ilog-Hilabangan River for its biophysical and socio-economic conditions. Keywords: Terrestrial Ecology, riparian, vertebrate, fauna, river system, species, herpetofauna, wildlife, descriptive design, Philippines

Analyses of the Feeding Value of the Different Re-growths of Tiger Grass “Phragmites vulgaris” as Roughage for Ruminants Nemesio H. Davalos ORCID No. 0000-0002-5944-1332 nhdava@yahoo.com Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 4:41 – 5:00 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1 Analyses of the feeding value of Tiger grass “Phragmites vulgaris” unravel the potential of this grass as roughage for ruminants. The depth of information arising from this study, which can be used to improve ruminant nutrition, is unprecedented. Nutritional benefits of Tiger grass based on proximate analysis do not vary statistically by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance, with the different habitat sources studied – upland, lowland and riverbank, as well as the nutritive value of the samples of the different stages of re-growths – 30, 45 and 60 days (P>0.05). This result was obtained through gathering of data and analyzing the same following the appropriate statistical analysis for two-factor experiment in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The ability to thrive in different habitats in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines, ensures the steady supply of this grass throughout the year. This crop is hardy and can easily adapt to different environments and could possibly withstand the seemingly unavoidable environmental challenge being posed by climate change. Tiger grass from 30-60 days stages of re-growth and taken from either upland, lowland or riverbank habitats have comparable feeding values and could supply the same amounts of nutrients necessary for the growth and maintenance of the ruminants. Keywords: Agriculture, animal science, ruminant nutrition, re-growth, tiger grass, feeding value, completely randomized design, Philippines

Viability of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) as a Laboratory Anticoagulant and as a Substitute for Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA)

Keywords: Medical Technology, anticoagulant property, pineapple extracts, EDTA, experimental design, Philippines

Perceived Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse of Males-Having Sex-With-Males with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

DAY 3

Bernadeth Luayon-Gerodias ORCID No. 0000-0002-1554-7901 bernadethgerodias@gmail.com Southern Philippines Medical Center, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 8:31 – 8:50 am · Venue: San Martin 1

Keywords: Psychology, childhood sexual abuse, males-having sex-with-males (MSM), descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

Survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) deal with harmful long term effects like depression, sexual dysfunction and other psychiatric conditions. How do survivors view the trauma if they are tagged as a vilified minority who are living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)? The study was conducted to explore the perceived effects of CSA among maleshaving sex-with-males (MSM) in relation to their coping with HIV. There were seven narrators, aged 18 years old and above; from various socioeconomic status; religions and professions who were selected through purposive sampling. Indepth audio-recorded narrative interviews and direct observations were conducted. Results indicated that the CSA survivors battled with poor self-esteem, alcoholism and promiscuity – factors which exposed them to HIV transmission. Findings demonstrated further how CSA survivors contain and resist the “damaged” image and self-blame while making conscious efforts for behavioral modifications. It is concluded that family and social support systems help CSA survivors deal with the trauma of CSA and cope with HIV. It is recommended that family therapy should be included in the clinical management of HIV patients who are CSA survivors.

Concurrent Sessions Day 2

The study was conducted to determine the viability of pineapple (Ananas comosus) extract as a laboratory anticoagulant and as a substitute for the commonly used laboratory anticoagulant which is ethylenediamine tertraacetic acid (EDTA). The data obtained from standard procedures were statistically analyzed using one way Analysis of Variance with post Hoc analysis using Tukey’s Test. Among the four methods of extraction used, 95% ethanol and Expression gave a good yield with respect to the volume of the extract produced. However, with regard to the ability to prevent blood coagulation, extract obtained through Expression with spiral twist obtained positive results comparable for EDTA. In the observation for red blood cell hemolysis, the different volumes of extracts provided results comparable to EDTA. However, with regard to the efficiency in preventing red blood cell crenation and clumping, 300ul extract did not have a significant difference with EDTA; therefore, the results obtained were comparable. Preservation of the staining reactions of the cell structures was also observed. Although significant differences were recorded in each of the volumes used, 300ul provided results that were somehow comparable to EDTA. The efficiency was recorded in the evaluation of the extract’s efficiency in maintaining cell size and shape.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Marx P. Catalan ORCID No. 0000-0001-7286-7074 marxcatalan85@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 2 · May 2 · 5:01 – 5:20 pm · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 3 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Offenders Profile and Crime Incidence in the Municipality of Buenavista, Guimaras Kert D. Pillora ORCID No. 0000-0002-2223-1091 kertpillora42@gmail.com Guimaras State College, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 9:11 – 9:30 am · Venue: San Martin 1 Offender profiling is a behavioral and investigative tool that is intended to help investigators to accurately predict and profile the characteristics of unknown criminal offenders. The study was conducted to determine the offenders profile and crime incidence in the municipality of Buenavista, Guimaras from 2009-2011. Descriptive research design was used. The subjects of the study were the crime offenders who have records of crimes in the municipality. Secondary data such as court transcripts, police reports, crime statistics and similar documents were used. Majority of the index and non-index crimes were committed in 2010 with physical injury and violation of 9287 (gambling) as the most often committed index and non-index crimes, respectively. The number of these crime’s incidences increased in 2010 and decreased in 2011. Majority of the crime incidences were committed by offenders who are male, single with ages between 18-40 years old. Significant difference existed between the crime incidents and profile of the offenders such as age, gender, occupation and civil status of the offenders. Likewise, significant relationship existed between the crime incidents and profile of the offenders such as age, gender and civil status. Personal profile such as age, gender and civil status contributes to crime incidence. Keywords: Criminology, offenders’ profile, crime incidence, social research, descriptive design, Philippines

Status and Management of Sea Cucumber in Lianga Bay Pablo S. Ronquillo ORCID No. 0000-0001-5399-4705 ryanfab_101@yahoo.com Surigao del Sur State University - Lianga Campus, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 9:51 – 10:10 am · Venue: San Martin 1 The status and management of sea cucumber in Lianga Bay was investigated to provide answer that will help the community find the best and appropriate management intervention of the existing sea cucumber resources in Lianga Bay. One Hundred percent of the fishers who have been fishing sea cucumber in Lianga Bay for 5-10 years switched to fishing different species in recent years. The respondents’ average CPUE reached 2kg fresh weight for each day compared with the recent year’s 0.9 kg average catch. The fishers believed that they catch the species at smaller size (12 cm) compared with their perceived average size (50 cm long). Actinophyga lecanora (manapaw) had the highest number of individuals (45 ind.) caught per catch per unit effort. Generally, fishers in Lianga Bay spent all days a week (+ 4, SD) actual fishing days for sea cucumber but they spent less than a day (+ 5 hrs, SD) per fishing trip. Most (94%) of the fishers interviewed were men; however, the wives of the fishers do the processing of sea cucumbers they caught. There were 19 species of sea cucumbers caught and identified by the fishers in four fishing municipalities in Lianga Bay. The status of the sea cucumber resource in Lianga Bay as perceived by the fishers is not the same as in five years ago where decline of the resource is observed; there is a perceived absence of clear management regulations for sea cucumber fishery in the area; hence, the status of the sea cucumber resource as perceived by the fishers is due to lack of management regulation. Keywords: Marine Biology, sustainable management, assessment, descriptive design, Philippines

Attenuation of Amoeba in a Clayey and Sandy Soil Amended with Poultry Litter Char

Keywords: Ecology and Conservation, biochar, amoeba attenuation, soil, experimental study, Philippines

The Environmental Impacts of the Sanitary Landfills in Bayawan and Bais City, Negros Oriental, Philippines Liza J. Caballero ORCID No. 0000-0001-7778-0250 lizajumaoascaballero@gmail.com Negros Oriental State University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 10:31 – 10:50 am · Venue: San Martin 1

Keywords: Environmental Science, environmental impact, total coliforms, carbon dioxide level, lead content, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The use of sanitary landfill represents a viable and most commonly used method for solid waste disposal worldwide. The study determined the environmental impacts of the solid wastes disposed in the sanitary landfills of Bayawan City and Bais City, Negros Oriental, Philippines. It utilized the laboratory methods, namely: membrane filter technique, Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method and a descriptive method for wastes characterization, identification of health status and condition of plants and animals. Results showed that the lead content and level of carbon dioxide of the two sampling sites are on their acceptable value, the health of residents and status of plants and animals are on their normal condition. However, results on “too numerous to count coliforms” should be considered for further study. Thus, a study on the presence of e-coli and other forms of bacteria and leachate collection of heavy metals like K, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni should be conducted to further determine their status.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

Limited information has been published regarding the attenuation of microorganism, specifically amoeba in soil with biochar amendment. The study determined the attenuation of amoeba between water-saturated clay and sandy soil with biochar amendment and the effect biochar amendment in clayey and sandy soil with amoeba contamination in relation to its transport. Utilizing experimental design, four treatments have been formulated, TS(sandy soil, control), TSB(sandy soil + biochar), TC(clayey soil, control) and TCB(clayey soil + biochar) and replicated three times. The experiment was rendered using a 17cm soil column with 2.5cm diameter, all treatments were saturated, ponded, and leached. The number of amoebas leached and the number of amoebas attenuated were counted under a compound microscope. Results revealed that clayey soil attenuated more amoeba compare to sandy soil due to its smaller pores. Moreover, biochar amendment in a sandy soil would enhance attenuation of amoebas and lessen the transport of amoebas while biochar amendment in clayey soil lessens the attenuation and facilitate the transfer of amoebas. It has been observed also that at 4–8cm depth of the soil column, the spatial distribution of amoeba is superior. The study implies that biochar physical enhancement of soil would depend upon the initial texture of the soil.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Pearl Aphrodite Bobon-Carnice ORCID No. 0000-0003-1559-3972 penncarnice@gmail.com Eastern Visayas State University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 10:11 – 10:30 am · Venue: San Martin 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 3 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Development of a Network-Based Computer Laboratory Management System for Bulacan State University (NBCLMS-BSU) Maria Lorena S.P. Villena ORCID No. 0000-0003-1098-2469 maria_lorena04@yahoo.com Bulacan State University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:01 – 11:20 am · Venue: San Martin 1 The purpose of the study was to design a system which could provide the College of Engineering of Bulacan State University an easy way to prevent viruses, malicious software infections and abuse of computer usage in computer laboratories. Also, the study aimed to minimize the setup time of the computers to cater for the specific subject’s activity. In light of the findings, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) The study developed a “Network-Based Computer Laboratory Management System for Bulacan State University” which performs several duties that ranges from efficient network for monitoring certain computer activities at a time; setting up and monitoring of time duration for a particular activity and using a complete data channel for information sharing between students/clients and the instructors/server via LAN-based or wireless network. It also decreases the vulnerability of the computers against viruses by limiting the access to removable storage devices. (2) This study system is created using Visual Basic 6.0 programming language and Microsoft Access for database. (3) The level of acceptability of the developed system was measured using the following criteria: functionality; reliability; effectiveness and efficiency; usability; maintainability; portability. The criteria mentioned were interpreted as “Very Satisfactory” based on the equivalent ratings presented in likert scale. Keywords: Information Communication Technology, network-based computer laboratory, management system, descriptive design, Philippines

Grading Practices as Push and Pull Factors in Tertiary Learning among Instructors Implementing Outcome-Based Education (OBE) in the Philippines Warren A. Ramos ORCID No. 0000-0002-7301-7626 profwarrenramos@gmail.com Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:21 – 11:40 am · Venue: San Martin 1 Despite the fact that some universities are applying the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE), there is a threat to inhibit learning of students due to continuously embracing the conventional grading practices. The study aimed to identify and differentiate the grading practices that promote and inhibit learning in the outcomes-based curriculum among college instructors in English 1 using descriptive design with interview and documentary analysis. The statistical methods used were weighted mean, one way ANOVA and t-test. The result of the study discussed that majority of the respondents are in 31-36 years of age, female, married, having master’s degree and with 4-6 years experience in teaching. The highest promoter of learning in grading practices as perceived by teachers is giving of grades based on the stated learning outcomes; and the inhibitor of learning practices is ‘giving of deductions in their grades based on behavior. Majority of the respondents performed grading practices that promote learning. There are some indicators that need to be reviewed as a basis of enhancing learning of students through effective grading practices using the OBE curriculum. The findings of the study were used as an input towards the formulation of proposed guidelines to improve the grading practices in the use of OBE. Keywords: Education, grading practices, Outcome-Based Education (OBE), descriptive design, Philippines

Employer’s Feedback on the Work Performance of the BSHRM Graduates

Keywords: Social, students’ skills, policy intervention, descriptive-survey, Guimaras, Philippines

Testing for Cointegration between Philippine Crime Volume and Inflation Rates Adrian M. Tamayo ORCID No. 0000-0001-7271-1889 dagnytamayo@yahoo.com University of Mindanao, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 8:31 – 8:50 am · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Economics, crime rates, inflation rates, Gross Domestic Product, forecasting, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

There were claims that the crime activities are affected by inflation, that is, an increasing price of goods in the commodity market also increases the willingness of an individual to participate in criminal activities. The study evaluated such claim by determining whether there is relationship between occurrence of crime and inflation from January 2003 to September 2007. The average crime was recorded at 836 while the average inflation rate was 5.3. Test for cointegration revealed that inflation and crime volume had long-run relationship indicating that criminal activities are associated with the increase in the prices of goods in the economy.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

A feedback from a supervisor allows individuals to know if they are doing well; correct existing business problems; develop capabilities; and help the business become successful. The study determined the work performance of the BSHRM graduates as assessed by their employers. The study used descriptive research design. A researcher-made instrument was used to gather the needed data. The respondents were the employers of BS Human Resource Management graduates. The statistical tools used were frequency, percent, mean, t-test and Analysis of Variance. Majority of the respondents were female, married and college graduates while most of them were supervisors with ages between 28-49 years old. Majority of these establishments were restaurants, single proprietorship with capital more than P500,000.00. The levels of work performance were rated as very satisfactory in all categories such as knowledge, quality, quantity, dependability, compatibility, initiative and safety. A significant difference existed in the respondent’s perception towards work performance when categorized as to size of capital and kind of business. The perception of the employers varies according to the size of capital and kind of business.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Jo Ann T. Gerada ORCID No. 0000-0002-9553-8449 jatgerada@gmail.com Guimaras State College, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:41 – 12:00 pm · Venue: San Martin 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 3 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Structural Equation Modeling of Reality TV Shows in the Philippines Renan P. Limjuco ORCID No. 0000-0002-1812-8673 rlimjuco@uic.edu.ph University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 9:11 – 9:30 am · Venue: San Martin 2 The talents and personalities shown in Philippine reality TV shows are judged in terms of commercialism, talent/skill and substance. No mathematical model yet has been established to understand the complexities of interplay of these constructs, leading to confusion about authentic artistry prevailing in the entertainment world today. This quantitative study, specifically through structural equation modeling, aimed to mathematically model the nature of reality TV shows in the Philippines, in terms of potential commercial value, concept of artistry and merit evaluation, using the survey data from 400 respondents. Findings revealed that potential commercial value and concept of artistry significantly predict merit evaluation. However, among the three factors of potential commercial value, only the personality exhibits strong representation. Moreover, the credibility, criteria and naïve notion strongly represent the concept of artistry. Meanwhile, the correlation between potential commercial value and concept of artistry is significant. This means that those who have high potential commercial value were more likely to possess higher concept of artistry. On the other hand, the merit evaluation construct is well represented by acceptance and state of performing arts as preferred by the networks. Moreover, it is estimated that the predictors of merit evaluation explain 81.7% of its variance. Keywords: Applied Mathematics, reality TV, potential commercial value, concept of artistry, merit evaluation, descriptivecorrelational design, Philippines

Lived Experiences of the Augustinian Pre-Service Catechists in the Day Care Centers in Iloilo City: An Exploratory Study Reynold B. Navares ORCID No. 0000-002-9319-7732 navares_reynold@yahoo.com University of San Agustin, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 ·10:11 – 10:30 am · Venue: San Martin 2 The study is anchored on Gordon Allport’s raw credulity, John Locke’s tabularasa or ‘white sheet’ experience, and Skinner’s shaping behavior. Data were gathered from 30 (46.17%) students purposively selected from a total of 122 junior Education students enrolled in Theology 109 – Orientation in the Field of Catechesis, College of Education, University of San Agustin during the First Semester AY 2013-2014. Having undergone the Psycho-Spiritual Augustinian Formation Module for Preservice Catechists, they were then deployed to Barangay Day Care Centers in Iloilo City. Self-report or reflection papers of Augustinian Pre-service catechists; narrative documents like session photos and pupils’ outputs; researcher’s interviews and class observations with the catechists; Focus Group Discussion with the Day Care Workers/Officials and parents; and the validated researcher-made instrument accomplished by Day Care workers were used. Findings revealed that the catechists had a very good performance which developed further love for the Lord, pre-schoolers, and teaching itself. These were reflected in the Augustinian Pre-service catechists reflection and interview responses. Day Care Center workers, recipients of catechesis and Iloilo City Social Welfare officials are unanimous in rating the University of San Agustin catechetical involvement as “excellent”. The study recommends that catechetical program should be extended to other Day Care Centers in Iloilo City as a tool for implementing moral recovery program aspired by the city government. Keywords: Religious Education, Augustinian Pre-service, catechists, Day-Care workers, descriptive design, Philippines

A Scrutiny on the Faith Experience among the Youth of the University of Bohol

Keywords: Religion (Christianity), faith, religious experience, youth, students, descriptive design, Philippines

A Tracer Study on BS Accountancy Graduates of CHMSC FT Jose B. Mendoza ORCID No. 0000-0002-2447-9576 joemen0106@yahoo.com.ph Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:01 – 11:20 am · Venue: San Martin 2

Keywords: Education, tracer study, accountancy, competency skills, employability, descriptive design, Philippines

ISSN: 2094-9529

The objective of the Accountancy program of CHMSC is to produce highly qualified and competent graduates that are highly employable after graduation. Employing descriptive design, the study assessed the employability, training, and acquired knowledge and competency skills of 88 BS Accountancy graduates of CHMSC – FT Campus during the Academic Years 2008- 2012. Frequency counts, percentage distribution, and mean score were used in the analysis of data gathered. The findings revealed that 96% of the graduates are gainfully employed; 46% of which got their first job seven months after graduation. One hundred percent of the graduates were employed one year after graduation, 41% of which were walk-in applicants, while23% were recruited through information received from friends. Sixty three percent are regular employees. Skills acquired in college most relevant to the present job include Basic Accounting Financial Reporting and Human Relations. The retention policy boosts their study habits. The respondents strongly agreed that competent faculty members should be employed and continuously trained. Further, if made, the review and upgrading of the design and curriculum will give direction to policy formulation, faculty development, and other important competency skills trainings to help prepare the graduates meet the demands of the job markets.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

Faith refers to the manifestations of spirituality in terms of relationships with God, self, others and their experiences with the different church youth groups. The study intended to come up with analysis on faith and religious experiences among the youth of the University of Bohol. It utilized descriptive design. A questionnaire, which was used for the Australia’s National Church Life Survey 2011, was modified and employed in collecting data from the 360 student-respondents proportionally representing the UB population across ages, disciplines, faith backgrounds, and membership status in different church youth groups and churches. The data, which was obtained from focus group discussion and interviews, validated and gave meaning to the survey results. Findings showed that teachers and parents may not necessarily be the most significant people in the youth’s Christian faith. Furthermore, the mass/church service is no longer the topmost influencer of faith. However, all groups rated highest God’s undeniable existence, and the youth mainly go to church to worship/experience God. School and family commitments block them from joining church youth group activities. The results of the study implicate that the UB’s policies and programs in the areas of curriculum, support services, campus vibrancy and community involvement be enriched.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Alma E. Aparece ORCID No. 0000-0001-9206-157X kins.drifter@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 10:31 – 10:50 am · Venue: San Martin 2

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 3 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

Employment Status of the Graduates of Guimaras State College-Mosqueda Campus Julieta G. Infante ORCID No. 0000-0003-0931-1502 julietainfante14@gmail.com Guimaras State College, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 ·11:21 – 11:40 am · Venue: San Martin 2 Employment status is one of the major factors influencing the quality of work. Manpower contributes to building a productive nation. The study determined the employment status of the Guimaras State College-Mosqueda Campus graduates from Academic Year 2006-2012 utilizing the descriptive research design. Frequency count, percent and ranking were the statistical tools used to analyze the data. The CHED standardized instrument was adopted for the study. The questionnaires were distributed to each municipality based on the addresses provided by the School Registrar’s Office. Majority of the graduates were female, single and employed. They came from a family with big household size and earned an annual family income of less than P50,000.00. Most of the graduates did not take further studies. They were very satisfied for the knowledge and skills they have acquired from their course and they found the program and self-readiness as very effective. Majority was in the field of teaching and work on a contractual basis. Their salaries range from P5,000.00 to less than P10,000.00 a month. The primary reason for those who were not employed was family responsibility. The results of the study served as basis of pursuing plans to improve the services of the College to the community. Keywords: Education, employment status, graduates, descriptive study, Philippines

Employees’ Defining and Driving Work Engagement in the University of Bohol Frances Mae Trabajo ORCID No. 0000-0001-8471-9730 rheeka_trabajo@yahoo.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:41 – 12:00 pm · Venue: San Martin 2

Employee engagement in this study is all about employees finding meaning in their work, and commitment to support organizational goals. This spurred the conduct of this study which assessed the profile of the tenured employees of the University of Bohol and their level of engagement in terms of defining and driving engagement. The study used descriptive normative method. Data were analyzed and interpreted using frequencies, percentages and weighted mean. On defining their work engagement, the employees were highly committed to their work, and on driving engagement they agreed or were motivated/ driven in their work. Although the study yielded positive results as to defining and driving work engagement on the perception of the tenured non-teaching employees of the institution, there is a need to look into ways to sustain employees’ engagement for the success of its organizational goals. Keywords: Social studies, employee engagement, organizational goals, descriptive-normative design, Philippines

Assessing the Integration of Ecological Sustainability in the Business Curricula of Higher Education Institutions on Cebu City, Philippines

Keywords: Education, business and management prospectuses, ecological sustainability, environment education, descriptive design, Philippines

Management Competencies of Educational Managers in the Performance of Trilogy Functions of State Universities and Colleges in MIMAROPA Wilma M. Ramirez ORCID No. 0000-0003-1729-6701 wilmaramirezedd@gmail.com Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 8:51 – 9:10 am · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Educational Management, management competencies, P-O-L-C, descriptive-comparative, SUCs trilogy functions, MIMAROPA

ISSN: 2094-9529

The success of organizations largely depends on the management competencies of managers. The study aimed to determine the management competencies in planning, organizing, leading and controlling (P-O-L-C) of educational managers in performance of trilogy functions in Instruction, Research and Extension of MIMAROPA State Universities and Colleges (SUCs). It employed descriptive-comparative design. Self-structured questionnaires were used in gathering data, which were tested using Analysis of Variance and t-test. Findings revealed that managers in MIMARO SUCs have high extent competencies in P-O-L-C. Leading is given more focus, while organizing received the least attention. As to trilogy functions, Instruction ranked first; followed by Extension and Research on the last rank. The study concludes that competencies of managers in P-O-L-C are highly relevant and contributing to excellent performance of SUCs. It is recommended that P-O-L-C should be performed at same extent of competencies to ensure success of performance of SUCs’ functions.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

This study evaluated the extent of integration of environmental sustainability in the business curricula of higher education institutions in Cebu. The RA 9512 (An Act to Promote Environmental Awareness and Education Act for 2008) mandates, through the Commission on Higher Education, the integration of environmental education in its school curricula at all levels. In the world arena, the United Nations’ Principles for Responsible Management Education (2008) challenges management educators to develop the capabilities of students to be future generators of sustainable value for business and society at large. A desktop analysis of selected schools’ business and management prospectuses revealed the nonexistence of stand-alone subjects on sustainability or sustainability-related subjects. The study infers that environment-related lessons may be taught in the NSTP courses, as stipulated in RA 9152. It is possible that these lessons may be imbedded in respective business subjects’ syllabi. The study recommends the pro-active redesign of the business curricula instituting the principles of ecological sustainability to equip business and management graduates capable of implementing environment-related policies and managing limited ecological resources.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Mary Gretchen F. Chaves ORCID No. 0000-0001-8201-3558 marygretchenfchaves@gmail.com Univeristy of the Philippines – Cebu, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 ·8:31 – 8:50 am · Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 3 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

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Self-Efficacy and Assessment of Learning Achievement Letecia C. Trayvilla ORCID No. 0000-0002-2585-5713 jesseeworldbank2014@gmail.com Negros Oriental State University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 9:51 – 10:10 am · Venue: San Martin 3 The study is conceptualized based on the basic model of self-efficacy drawn upon the work of Bandura. It is a model of how self-efficacy beliefs can pave the way for success or failure. Specifically, it sought to empirically find out the: a) sources of selfefficacy beliefs; b) levels of self-efficacy; c) behavior patterns based on self-efficacy levels, d) assessment of learning achievement levels and established relationships of these variables. Descriptive type of research through survey method was employed and a researcher-made instrument was developed, validated and administered to 200 assessment of learning students. Cronbach alpha, factor analysis, simple and multiple correlation as well as weighted means and standard deviations were employed in the analysis and interpretation. Results disclosed that there is a significant relationship between a) sources of self-efficacy and levels of self-efficacy as well as behavior patterns; b) level of self- efficacy and behavior patterns; and c) assessment of learning achievement and sources of self-efficacy beliefs as well as level of self-efficacy and behavior patterns at 5% level of significance. The study concludes that there is a sufficient evidence to claim that assessment of learning achievement is associated with selfefficacy beliefs, self-efficacy levels and behavior patterns. However, further research about these constructs should be done in order to confirm or refute the findings of this investigation. Keywords: Education, self-efficacy, assessment of learning, achievement, behavior patterns, descriptive design, Philippines

Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost High-Efficiency Boost Converter Using Digital Control Walton B. Lacorte ORCID No. 0000-0003-4545-8085 walton.lacorte@uc.edu.ph University of Cebu, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 10:11 – 10:30 am · Venue: San Martin 3 Practically, all electronic systems and equipment today necessitate some form of power conversion. The function of a switching converter, particularly dc-dc boost converter, is one form of power conversion. Switching converters find application where a fixed and regulated voltage source is of prime importance to deliver appropriate power consumption to the systems. An implementation of a low-cost high-efficiency boost converter using digital control operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is presented in this study. The main purpose of this paper was to investigate the capability and behavior of digital control method in switching converter. In this work, the digital controller was realized using a low-cost 8-bit microcontroller unit (MCU), which was configured as digital compensator, to perform compensation in the control loop of the system. A 10-bit analog-to-digital (A/D) converter was utilized to provide proper windowing of feedback output voltage. The digital controller used type B discrete-PID for improved output regulation against line and load variations. Moreover, the analog module feature of microcontroller was configured to produce a PWM signal. Finally, it is observed that by using a simple MCU unit the converter was able to achieve stability and high efficiency. The prototype converter has 91% efficiency with a 200mV ripple voltage performance. Keywords: Electronic Technology, dc-dc converter, digital control, voltage mode control, continuous conduction mode microcontroller, descriptive design, Philippines

Benefits Received and Behavioral Intentions of Kabankalan Sinulog Festival as Perceived by Tourists

Keywords: Tourism, Festivals, Perceived Benefits Received, Behavioral Intentions, Descriptive Research, Kabankalan City, Philippines

Lived Experiences of Partial Organic Farmers in Ozamiz City Mildred M. Garcia ORCID No. 0000-0003-1249-9091 vpaa@mu.edu.ph Misamis University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:21 – 11:40 am · Venue: San Martin 3

Keywords: Agricultural Education, lived experiences, partial organic farmers, organic farming, descriptive design (phenomenology), Philippines

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Organic farming is still in its formative years in Ozamiz City. Despite the many challenges and barriers encountered by the farmers in using organic farming, there are still few who practice it. Utilizing descriptive research design, the study aimed to investigate and describe the unique and lived experiences of partial organic farmers; their motivations to adoption; and the challenges they encountered. Phenomenology is used since lived experiences of farmers are gathered for thematic analysis. The study uses a semi-structured guide for the interview with 12 partial organic farmers in five upland local communities in the city. Findings revealed that the farmers’ motivations to adoption are attendance to seminars, positive outcome of organic farming, and influence from organic practitioners. The unique and lived experiences of partial organic farmers are the use of traditional variety of corn seeds; utilization of both organic and inorganic fertilizer; allowing weeds to decompose; zero chemical spray; cost effective and increased harvest. The challenges they encounter are lack of government support, organic farming labor and financial problems. The study concludes that partial organic farmers in the city are still in their transition phase. Hence, it is recommended that concrete government program for organic farming should be introduced and implemented to persuade farmers to shift to pure organic farming.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

Tourist influx is a major indicator of the success of a festival. Major festivals in the Philippines have drawn a considerable number of local and foreign visitors and the number is growing every year. The study documented the perceived benefits received and behavioral intentions of Kabankalan Sinulog Festival tourists. This investigation forwards that tourists have their own perceived benefits to be received in attending festivals like cultural appreciation, socialization and enjoyment. The study was conducted in Kabankalan City located in the Southern part of Negros Occidental, Philippines. Descriptive research design was employed. The respondents of the study were the 281 tourists who attended the Kabankalan Sinulog Festival. Convenience sampling was utilized using one set of self-made survey questionnaire on the benefits received and behavioral intentions of the Sinulog festival tourists. Cronbach Alpha was used to test the reliability. Results showed that there was a significant difference on the tourists’ perceived benefits received in all aspects except when they are grouped according to age. The benefits to be received as perceived by participants may continue or discontinue fascinating visitors to come. This might be one true measure of predicting a successful event in the hospitality and tourism industries. The study concludes that the Kabankalan Sinulog festival was organized well by the host organizers.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Ismael A. Haguisan III ORCID No. 0000-0001-6206-8957 ismaelhaguisan3@yahoo.com.ph La Consolacion College Bacolod, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:01 – 11:20 am· Venue: San Martin 3

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Concurrent Sessions Day 3 3rd World Research Festival (WRF 2014)

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Measuring Asean Competitiveness: A MANKIW-ROMER-WEIL (MRW) Model Adrian M. Tamayo ORCID No. 0000-0001-7271-1889 dagnytamayo@yahoo.com University of Mindanao, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:41 – 12:00 pm· Venue: San Martin 3 The study explored the relative competitiveness of the ASEAN countries by simulating the MRW model using the Penn World Table (PWT) 7.0. The calibration of MRW model employed the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) of the family of simultaneous equations model (SEM) technique to address the weaknesses of the original MRW. The results revealed that the population growth was found to be relatively competitive in Brunei, Cambodia and Laos. Savings rate was found to be significant for countries Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. However, savings rate was exogenous to the growth of the aforesaid countries. The human capital stock was found to show influence on the economic growth of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. Philippines economic growth is strongly dependent on its human capital. Of these, two countries indicated inverse relationship of human capital stock and economic growth: Cambodia and Vietnam. This only signified the high opportunity loss when highly productive workers were transferred to non-productive activities of going to school. Laos did not show statistical influence and Singapore was not included in the estimation. Keywords: Economics, Asean competitiveness, MRW Model, descriptive design, Philippines

Critical Linguistic Analysis of Print Communications in Tertiary Institutions Teresita Q. Adriano ORCID No. 0000-0003-2320-253X teresita.adriano@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 8:31 – 8:50 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1 Explicit communication is extremely important in the building up relationships among members of organizations and institutions. This study described, critically analyzed and interpreted (with implicatures) the linguistic features of the accessible print communications which in effect brought out the communication culture, social and power relations of the members of the three tertiary institutions in Davao City. Utilizing descriptive design (discourse analysis), results generally revealed a mixed sentence construction of declaratives and imperatives, actives and passives with the dominance of imperative- agentless passives. Gratulatory and courteous expressions like Morepower, God Bless, Please, Kindly, May I, marked significant presence in the prototype opening and closing fragments. These expressions have become standard parts of these memorandums. Variation among the structures was the divine exaltation (predictive of the culture of the university) found in the initial portion of the memorandums. Also noted was the legalese, archaic and formal tone, hereby and of the memorandum of the university president that was echoed in the memorandums of the student organization officers. The study recommends an intensified writing training program in two categories: for new administrators and for student-officers. Keywords: Applied Lingustics, linguistic structures, print communications, communication culture, descriptive design (discourse analysis), Philippines

Why the Caged Birds Sing: Hermeneutic-Freudian Critique on Gay Voices in the Philippines

Keywords: Literature, short fiction, gay literature, descriptive design (literary criticism), Philippines

Easy Money over Ecological Duty and Wellness: A Philosophical Criticism Armando B. Parantar ORCID No. 0000-0001-7417-1724 armando.parantar@gmail.com University of the Immaculate Conception, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 9:31 – 9:50 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Keywords: philosophical criticism, logging, descriptive design, Philippines

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People cut trees despite the global campaign for ecological duty and wellness. This paper intends to draw out the criticisms of philosophy professors on this prevailing socio-ecological phenomenon. Through a qualitative method of research using focus group discussion, the philosophy professors articulated that the current socio-ecological dilemma is attributed to conflict of interests, issues on central importance, and intrusion of opportunities. Conflicting interests are manifested in the tensions between binary realities such as survival versus ecological responsibility; environmental justice versus economic life; ideal versus pragmatic principles; and stewardship versus dominion over natural resources. Issues on central importance are explored in anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, and biocentrism. Intrusion of opportunities enticed by the flourishing of industrialization and commercialization override the peoples’ traditional treatment of natural resources. These are the critiques’ grounds in respecting rather than condemning the peoples’ options and actions. Furthermore, they asserted that changing the mindset of the people should not be regarded as purely philosophical but rather a multi and interdisciplinary responsibility – implying their adherence to postmodernism whereby philosophy is just one among the many equal contributors of knowledge.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

Are gays marginalized and suppressed members of humanity, finally fought to destroy the cages created by society that imprisons them? Like poetry, short fiction presents itself as an art of communication. In this respect, the aid of Hermeneutics, the art of interpretation and the social subjectivist paradigm where meaning is inter-subjectively created, along with Freudian criticism which designates that sexuality is the nexus between language and society, drives. The socio-symbolic order is utilized on three Ladlad short stories, namely: Red Ang Luha Ni Michael (Red Tear of Michael) by Jimmy Alcantara, Par by Edzel Cardil, and Lucy by Miguel Castro. The critic burrowed and brought forward understanding on how gay sexual politics is voiced out and communicated; how language is reflective of the socio-economic status of the characters examined; and how themes are tackled in the three Philippine gay short fictions. The analysis highlights the different voices and issues of gays in the Philippines.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Kathleen B. Solon-Villaneza ORCID No. 0000-0001-6986-4577 kbsolonvillaneza@gmail.com University of Southern Philippines Foundation, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 8:51 – 9:10 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

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Moral Culture in Kant’s On Education (1803): Implications and Antitheses Albert C. Albina ORCID No. 0000-0002-8124-7616 albinaalbert910@gmail.com Negros Oriental State University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 9:51 – 10:10 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1 The Philippines has been inundated with socio-politico issues that seem to impede people’s desire for the country’s uninterrupted progress. These issues may be complex but their antidote is contrarily simple. An answer is found in Kant’s thought on moral culture which pertains to its three essential features, namely: obedience, truthfulness, and sociableness. This paper purely focuses on the fundamental ideas in the section on moral culture in Immanuel Kant’s Über Padagogik. A discussion on obedience differentiates its two kinds: absolute and voluntary. It is impossible to think of character formation without also thinking of truthfulness. Kant asserted that a man who tells lies has no character, and if he has any good in him it is merely the result of a certain kind of temperament. Sociableness emphasizes on the importance of building relationships and friendships with others. I contend that these three features of moral culture have corresponding antitheses – for obedience, it is violation of the laws of the land; for truthfulness, corruption in politics; and for sociableness, war. Finally, these features are the necessary requisites in forging peace and social order in all spheres: local, national and global, which usher to a kind of development that people aspire. Keywords: Social Science, moral philosophy, moral culture, Immanuel Kant, obedience, truthfulness, sociableness, descriptive design, Philippines

Dr. Tilak De Alwis Method of Integrating Certain Products: NORSU Students’ Experience Craig N. Refugio ORCID No. 0000-0003-1374-6103 c_refugio@yahoo.com Negros Oriental State University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 10:41 – 11:00 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1 In an Integral Calculus class, the standard way of integrating products of functions is through the use of integration by parts formula. The study applied the method of Dr Tilak de Alwis of Southeastern Louisiana University, USA in integrating certain products without using integration by parts. It also determined the feedback of the students upon using such method. Descriptive type of research was utilized using qualitative techniques. Permission to use such method was obtained from Dr De Alwis and was conducted among Integral Calculus as well as MS Math and MA Math Teaching students of Negros Oriental State University (NORSU). Feedback from students were solicited so as to determine how students feel and find their experiences in using the method. The study disclosed positive and worthy experiences in using the aforementioned method. Keywords: Mathematics, integrating method, Integral Calculus, descriptive design, Philippines

Correlates of Time Management and Academic Performance among Undergraduate Physical Therapy Students

Keywords: Education, academic performance, time management, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Lifestyle Status of UB Employees and the Risk of Development of Diabetes Mellitus Type II Lalaine Lao-Domapias ORCID No. 0000-0002-9676-6160 lalainelaodomapias@gmail.com University of Bohol, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:21 – 11:40 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1

Keywords: Nursing, lifestyle status, dietary practices, diabetes mellitus, descriptive-correlative design, Philippines

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Lifestyle status refers to the behaviors or habits or way of living of the UB employees in relation to their dietary practices, physical activities and personal habits. The study aimed to determine the degree of relationship of lifestyle on the development of diabetes. The researchers used descriptive-correlational design using a standardized tool for casual blood sugar testing using a glucometer and researcher-made questionnaire based on health promotion model. Analysis and interpretation of data were based on percentages, mean scores and Pearson-Product Moment Coefficient and Analysis of Variance used to determine the degree of difference on the health status of the respondents in terms of age. In terms of dietary practices, physical activity are described as moderately unhealthy which is attributed to high sweet or sugar and oil/fats which are moderately unhealthy and lack of aerobic exercises, recreation activities and engagement to sedentary activities. The extent of risk among the employees is at the moderate risk for the development Diabetes Mellitus Type II. There is a significant relationship between lifestyle status and extent of risk on the development of Diabetes Mellitus Type II. There is a great influence of the lifestyle among the employees and the risk of acquiring diabetes.

Concurrent Sessions Day 3

Many college students find themselves to be more responsible to meet the demands of the school and consider their academic experience very stressful. Study strategies, such as time and study management techniques, seem to be consistently related to achievement. The objective of the study is to determine the relationship of time management and academic performance of physical therapy (PT) students. The study used descriptive-correlational research design. The subjects were selected using stratified random sampling. The Time Management Behavior (TMB) scale was used to measure time management and grade weighted average (GWA) for the academic performance. Multiple linear regressions were used to identify strongest predictor of TMBS score and GWA while Pearson correlation to test the relationship between TMBS scores and GWA. The strongest predictors of TMBS score were year level (r= -.389, p = .000) and academic load (r=. 242, p=.003); while the strongest predictor of GWA was year level (r= .256, p= .007). TMBS score showed weak correlation with GWA (r = -.079, p = .328). The PT students should be aware of the importance of time management skills especially the 1st year level.

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

Justine Vincent Ramos ORCID No. 0000-0001-7382-6071 justinevincentramos@yahoo.com Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines Day 3 · May 3 · 11:01 – 11:20 am · Venue: San Cristobal 1

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Composed by: Randy A. Tudy Sung by: Cor Jesu College Hummingbirds Liturgical Choir International Standard Musical Number (ISMN) 979-0-9014916-0-1

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Scope of Registration Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology Cagayan State University - Sanchez Mira Cebu Normal University

Negros Oriental State University Philippine Normal University-Agusan Campus S.T.I.E. Perbanas San Isidro College

Davao Central College

San Pedro College

Davao Doctors College

Southern Leyte State University

Guimaras State College Holy Cross Davao College

St. Peterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College - Iligan City Surigao del Sur State University Universidad de Zamboanga

John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation - Bacolod

University of Bohol

John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University - MOLO

University of Cebu

La Consolacion College - Bacolod

Philippine Association of Institutions for Research, Inc. Lyceum of the Philippines â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Batangas Misamis University Pamatasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela

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University of Immaculate Concepcion University of Mindanao University of Northern Philippines University of San Jose-Recoletos Jose Rizal Memorial State University Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba

ISSN: 2094-9529

Leyte Normal University

Member Institutions

Central Mindanao University

De La Salle - Lipa

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

IAMURE Member Institutions

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World Clients Radisson Blu Hotel | Cebu City, Philippines | May 1-3, 2014

• Silliman University • Siquijor State College • Sorsogon State College • Southern Leyte State University • Southern Leyte State University-Tomas Oppus • Southern Luzon State University-Lucban • Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology • Southern Philippines Medical Center • Southwestern University • St. Mary’s University • St. Paul University • St. Peter’s College - Iligan CIty • St. Therese-MTC Colleges • Surigao del Sur State University • Surigao State College of Technology • Surigao State College of Technology – Del Carmen Campus • Systems Plus College Foundation • Tarlac State University • Universidad de Zamboanga • University of Antique • University of Baguio • University of Bohol • University of Cebu • University of Immaculate Concepcion • University of Mindanao • University of Northern Philippines • University of Saint Louis-Tuguegarao • University of San Carlos • University of San Jose Recoletos • University of Santo Tomas • University of Southeastern Philippines • University of Southern Mindanao • University of Southern Philippines Foundation • University of the Cordilleras • University of the Immaculate Conception • University of the Philippines - Baguio • University of the Philippines - Cebu • University of the Philippines - Manila • University of the Philippines Los Baños • University of the Philippines Open University • Wesleyan University • West Visayas State University • Western Mindanao State University • Western Philippines University • Western Visayas College of Science and Technology • Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan

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• Iligan Medical Center College • Iloilo State College of Fisheries-Dumangas • Isabela State University • Isabela State University San Mateo Campus • John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation - Bacolod • John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University - Arevalo • John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University - Molo • Jose Rizal Memorial State University • Kalinga-Apayao State College • La Consolacion College - Bacolod • La Consolacion University • La Salle University – Ozamiz • Leyte Normal University • Liceo de Cagayan University • Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas • Macabalan National High School • Malinao National High School • Manila Times College • Mindanao Sanitarium and Hospital College • Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology • Mindanao University of Science and Technology • Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology – Calapan City Campus • Misamis University • Mountain View College • National Museum of the Philippines • Natom National High School • Negros Oriental State University • Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology • Nueva Vizcaya State University • Occidental Mindoro State College • Our Lady of Fatima University • Palawan State University • Pamantasanng Lungsod ng Maynila • Pamantasanng Lungsod ng Valenzuela • Partido State University • Philippine Christian University • Philippine Normal University • Philippine Normal University - Agusan Campus • Philippine Rice Research Institute • Polytechnic University of the Philippines • Quirino State College • Ramon Magsaysay Technological University • Saint Louis University • Samar State University • San Agustin Institute of Technology • San Pedro College • San Isidro College

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• Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies • Agusan del Sur State College of Agriculture and Technology • Ajuy National High School • AMA Computer College-Davao • Ateneo de Davao University • Ateneo de Manila University • Ateneo de Naga University • Ayungon National High School • Basakan Elementary School • Basilan State College • Bataan Peninsula State University • Batangas State University, ARASOF Nasugbu • Benguet State University • Bicol University • Bohol Island State University • Bukidnon State University • Cagayan State University • Cagayan State University - Sanchez Mira • Capitol University • Capiz State University • Caraga State University • Carlos Hilado Memorial State College • Cebu Institute of Technology – University • Cebu Normal University • Cebu Technological Univerisity-Barili Campus • Cebu Technological University • Central Bicol State University of Agriculture • Central Bicol State University of Agriculture-Sipocot • Central Mindanao University • Central Philippines State Unviersity • Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod • Consolacion Community College • CorJesu College • Daniel Mercado Medical Center Institute of Health Science • Davao Central College • Davao Doctors College • Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology • De La Salle Lipa • De La Salle University - Taft • Department of Education-Division of Cagayan de Oro City • Department of Social Welfare and Development Regional Field Office IV-A • Department of Education-Division of Leyte • Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University • Father Saturnino Urios University • Guimaras State College • Holy Cross Davao College • Holy Name University

Theme: Research for a sustainable world!

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