InternationalJournalofHumanities andSocialSciences(IJHSS)
ISSN(P):2319–393X;ISSN(E):2319–3948
Vol.11,Issue2,Jul–Dec2022;27–32 ©IASET
ASTUDYONMICROENTERPRISEPROMOTEDBYKUDUMBASREE (NEIGHBOURHOODGROUP’S)FORRURALWOMENINTHRISSURDISTRICTOF KERALA
AshwaniAnil&Jahanara
ResearchScholarDepartmentofAgriculturalExtensionandCommunication,SHUATS,PrayagrajIndia
ABSTRACT
ThisstudywasattemptedinMALABlockPanchayatofThrissurdistrictofKeralain2021-2022.Withthehelpofrandom samplingmethod,120respondentswereselectedanddatawerecollectedbypersonalinterviewmethodbyusingpre-tested interviewscheduleandlaterappropriatestatisticalanalysiswasdonetofindoutthemeaningfulresult.Ex-postfacto researchdesignwasadopted.Thestudyfindingsshowedthatmajorityoftherespondentsstronglyagree(55%)tothe statementthatworkincreasedhouseholdtension,followedbyworkincreasedtensionamongmembersandneighbourhood (39.17%)andworkincreasedworkload(52.50%)respectivelytowardsthenegativeproblemsinbeneficiariesof Kudumbasree.Itwasanalyzedthatmostoftherespondentsagreestothestatement(39.17%)thatlackofsufficientfund, followedbystronglyagreestothatlackoftechnicalknow-how(55%).Itwasunderstoodthatmajorityoftherespondents agreesthatlackofinformationandstronglydisagreestothoseseasonalproblemstowardsthedifficultiesinareaof marketingrespectively.
KEYWORDS:Kudumbashree,Micro-Enterprise,WomenEmpowerment
ArticleHistory
Received:11Jul2022|Revised:12Jul2022|Accepted:15Jul2022
INTRODUCTION
Kudumbashreeisthepovertyeradicationandwomen’sempowermentprogramimplementedbytheStatePoverty EradicationMission(SPEM)oftheGovernmentofKerala,startedin1998withamajorobjectivetopromote empowermentofwomeninKerala.InMalayalam,‘Kudumbashree’means‘prosperityofthefamilythroughwomen’. Kudumbashreewassetupin1997bytheKeralaStateGovernmentinresponsetothepolicyshiftinensuringdevolutionof powerstothePanchayatRajInstitutions(PRIs)inKerala,andthePeople’sPlanCampaign(PPC),whichattemptedto democratizeanddecentralizeplanning,budgetingandoverallgovernance.Theaimofthestudyistoprovidepolicy recommendationsonbestpracticesforanintegratedIPVstrategy,basedonthelearningsfromtheexperienceofthe KudumbashreeMission.Byandlarge,whilegender-basedviolence(GBV)isacknowledgedanddiscussedtoalarge extentinthisprogram,discussionsonIPVarerestrictedbycodesofhonourembeddedinpatriarchalcultures.Theprogram hasbeenreviewedforitsinterventionsonGBVandIPV,withinthepoliticalandsocio-culturalcontextofKerala. However,thekeyelementsandstrategiesoftheinterventionarecapturedandanalyzedforpurposesofgenericrelevance regardlessofexternalcondition.Itsmissionistoeradicatepovertyin10yearsthroughcommunityactionswiththehelpof
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NHG’s(NeighbourhoodHelpGroups).ForthepurposealotofprogramswereinitiatedbyKudumbasree.Oneamong themispromotingMicroenterprises.Microenterprisesplayavitalroleinpovertyalleviationandsocio-economic empowermentofthepoor,andhelpsforbalanceddevelopmentofeconomywithlowcapitalinvestment(Pakrisamy,A. (2006).
Kudumbasreeisacommunitynetworkwhichcoversthewholestate.Itwasextendedtocovertheentirestatein threephasesduring2000-2002.Kudumbasreehasathree-tierstructureincludingNeighbourhoodGroups,Area DevelopmentSociety,andCommunityDevelopmentSocieties.Thecommunitystructurewasevolvedinitiallyin AlappuzhaMunicipalityandMalappuraminEarly1990s.Kudumbasreeprovidesmembershiptoalladultwomen,anditis limitedtoonemembershipperfamily.Forthedevelopmentofmicroenterprises,missiongavemoreimportanceforLocal EconomicDevelopment(LED).Thatistoincreaseeconomicactivityinlocalareasitgavemoreemphasistopromotelocal productionandlocalconsumption.ByfacingvariousconstraintsKudumbashreepavedthewayforpovertyalleviation, empowermentofwomenandfortheoveralldevelopmentofKeralaespeciallythroughmicroenterprises(Singh, IndubhusanandUshakumari(2007).
HencethepresentResearchStudylooksintotheroleofmicroenterprisesineconomicempowermentofWomen inKeralabytakingthespecificcaseofmicroenterprisesfunctioningunder‘Kudumbasree’inThrissur.Thereishigh scopeformicroentrepreneurialdevelopmentinThrissurandmajorityofwomenbelongstopoorfamily.So,ifweare successfulinstatingthefactthatthereiswomenempowermentinThrissurbybeingamemberinKudumbashreemicro enterprises,thiscanbetakenasamodelforoveralleconomicempowermentofwomeninKerala.Buthowfarthey generatedapositiveimpactonthelifeofwomenisyettobestudied.(PaulOliver2010).
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
ThepresentstudywasconductedintheThrissurDistrictinKeralastateMalablockisselectedpurposivelyforpresent study.
InMalablockofThrissurdistrictthereare9panchayats.Outofwhich,fourvillageswereselectedthroughrandom sampling.ThelistofselectedvillageswasKuruvilassery,Mala,PazhookaraandVadama.Thestructuredinterview schedulewaspreparedfordatacollection.Ex-postfactodesignwasusedforthisstudy.Thestatisticaltoolslikefrequency, percentage,mean,standarddeviationwasusedtointerpretthedataandfordrawinglogicalconclusion.
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Itwasunderstoodthatfromtable.1morethantwo-thirdoftherespondentsweremiddleaged(67.50%),followed byold(16.67%)andyoung(15.83%)agedbeneficiariesrespectively.Itcanbeseenthathigherproportionofthe respondentswereemployed(80.83%)whiletheremaining(19.17%)proportionoftherespondentswereunemployed.It wasevidentthatmorethantwo-thirdoftherespondentsbelongtogeneralcategory(65.83%),followedbyOBC(21.67%) andSC/ST(12.50%)respectively.Itwasobservedthathigherpercentageoftherespondentswereeducateduptohigh school(64.17%),followedbyprimary(20.83%),illiterate(10%)andonlyfew(5%)oftherespondentshadhigher secondary&abovelevelofeducation.Itcanbeseenthatmajorityoftherespondentshadsmallfamilysize(65%), followedbymedium(28.33%)andlarge(6.67%)sizeoffamilyrespectively.Itwasrevealedthatmostoftherespondents wereHindu(43.33%),followedbyChristian(35%)andIslam(21.67%)respectively.
Itcanbeseenthatmostoftherespondentsweremarried(71.67%),followedbyunmarried(17.50%)and remainingweredivorced(10.83%).Noneofthemwerewidow.Itwasseenthatmostoftherespondentshadsheettypeof housingpatter(65.83%),followedbyroofingtile(30%)andconcrete(4.17%)typeofhousingpattern.Mostofthe respondentsrevealedthatsanitaryfacilitywasavailable(72.50%),whereasremaining(27.50%)revealedthatsanitary
facilitywasnotavailable.Itcanbeunderstoodthatmajorityoftherespondentshadborewell(45.84%)astheirsourceof drinkingwater,followedbywell(35.83%),publicwell(10%)andpipewater(8.33%)respectivelyastheirsourceof drinkingwater.(S.RenukaDevi(2020)).
Table2:DistributionofNegativeProblemsinBeneficiariesofKudumbashree
Fromtable.2,itwasseenthatmajorityoftherespondentsstronglyagree(55%)tothestatementthatwork increasedhouseholdtension,followedbystronglydisagree(30%)tothestatementthatmoresuspiciousfromhusband, agreetothestatementthatworkincreasedburdensofdomesticresponsibilities(47.50%),workincreasedtensionamong membersandneighbourhood(39.17%)andworkincreasedworkload(52.50%)respectivelytowardsthenegativeproblems inbeneficiariesofKudumbashree.(JishnuCheeroli(2018).
CONCLUSION
Basedonthepresentstudy,itisobservedthatmostofthebeneficiariesweremiddleagedandtheywereemployed, belongedtogeneralcategory,Hinduswithhighschoollevelofeducationpossessingsmallsizeoffamilyandmarried. Theyhadsheettypeofhousepatternwithavailablesanitaryfacility,utilizestheborewellastheirsourceofdrinkingwater. ThosebeneficiariesreportedpositiveroletowardstheKudumbashreemicroenterpriseinenhancementofwomencondition andempowerment.Increasedhouseholdtensionwasthenegativeproblem,lackofknow-howwasthedifficultyinareaof production,involvementofmiddlemen&lowpriceandprofitwerethedifficultyinareaofmarketingandgender discriminationwasthefirstandforemostconstraintamongthebeneficiariesintheentrepreneurialdevelopment.Whereas, governmentassistancealongwithtechnicaltrainingwerethemostsuggestedprospectsgivenbythebeneficiaries.
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ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987
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