A STUDY ON MICRO ENTERPRISE PROMOTED BY KUDUMBASREE (NEIGHBOURHOOD GROUP’S) FOR RURAL WOMEN IN THRIS

Page 1

InternationalJournalofHumanities andSocialSciences(IJHSS)

ISSN(P):2319–393X;ISSN(E):2319–3948

Vol.11,Issue2,Jul–Dec2022;27–32 ©IASET

ASTUDYONMICROENTERPRISEPROMOTEDBYKUDUMBASREE (NEIGHBOURHOODGROUP’S)FORRURALWOMENINTHRISSURDISTRICTOF KERALA

AshwaniAnil&Jahanara

ResearchScholarDepartmentofAgriculturalExtensionandCommunication,SHUATS,PrayagrajIndia

ABSTRACT

ThisstudywasattemptedinMALABlockPanchayatofThrissurdistrictofKeralain2021-2022.Withthehelpofrandom samplingmethod,120respondentswereselectedanddatawerecollectedbypersonalinterviewmethodbyusingpre-tested interviewscheduleandlaterappropriatestatisticalanalysiswasdonetofindoutthemeaningfulresult.Ex-postfacto researchdesignwasadopted.Thestudyfindingsshowedthatmajorityoftherespondentsstronglyagree(55%)tothe statementthatworkincreasedhouseholdtension,followedbyworkincreasedtensionamongmembersandneighbourhood (39.17%)andworkincreasedworkload(52.50%)respectivelytowardsthenegativeproblemsinbeneficiariesof Kudumbasree.Itwasanalyzedthatmostoftherespondentsagreestothestatement(39.17%)thatlackofsufficientfund, followedbystronglyagreestothatlackoftechnicalknow-how(55%).Itwasunderstoodthatmajorityoftherespondents agreesthatlackofinformationandstronglydisagreestothoseseasonalproblemstowardsthedifficultiesinareaof marketingrespectively.

KEYWORDS:Kudumbashree,Micro-Enterprise,WomenEmpowerment

ArticleHistory

Received:11Jul2022|Revised:12Jul2022|Accepted:15Jul2022

INTRODUCTION

Kudumbashreeisthepovertyeradicationandwomen’sempowermentprogramimplementedbytheStatePoverty EradicationMission(SPEM)oftheGovernmentofKerala,startedin1998withamajorobjectivetopromote empowermentofwomeninKerala.InMalayalam,‘Kudumbashree’means‘prosperityofthefamilythroughwomen’. Kudumbashreewassetupin1997bytheKeralaStateGovernmentinresponsetothepolicyshiftinensuringdevolutionof powerstothePanchayatRajInstitutions(PRIs)inKerala,andthePeople’sPlanCampaign(PPC),whichattemptedto democratizeanddecentralizeplanning,budgetingandoverallgovernance.Theaimofthestudyistoprovidepolicy recommendationsonbestpracticesforanintegratedIPVstrategy,basedonthelearningsfromtheexperienceofthe KudumbashreeMission.Byandlarge,whilegender-basedviolence(GBV)isacknowledgedanddiscussedtoalarge extentinthisprogram,discussionsonIPVarerestrictedbycodesofhonourembeddedinpatriarchalcultures.Theprogram hasbeenreviewedforitsinterventionsonGBVandIPV,withinthepoliticalandsocio-culturalcontextofKerala. However,thekeyelementsandstrategiesoftheinterventionarecapturedandanalyzedforpurposesofgenericrelevance regardlessofexternalcondition.Itsmissionistoeradicatepovertyin10yearsthroughcommunityactionswiththehelpof

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NHG’s(NeighbourhoodHelpGroups).ForthepurposealotofprogramswereinitiatedbyKudumbasree.Oneamong themispromotingMicroenterprises.Microenterprisesplayavitalroleinpovertyalleviationandsocio-economic empowermentofthepoor,andhelpsforbalanceddevelopmentofeconomywithlowcapitalinvestment(Pakrisamy,A. (2006).

Kudumbasreeisacommunitynetworkwhichcoversthewholestate.Itwasextendedtocovertheentirestatein threephasesduring2000-2002.Kudumbasreehasathree-tierstructureincludingNeighbourhoodGroups,Area DevelopmentSociety,andCommunityDevelopmentSocieties.Thecommunitystructurewasevolvedinitiallyin AlappuzhaMunicipalityandMalappuraminEarly1990s.Kudumbasreeprovidesmembershiptoalladultwomen,anditis limitedtoonemembershipperfamily.Forthedevelopmentofmicroenterprises,missiongavemoreimportanceforLocal EconomicDevelopment(LED).Thatistoincreaseeconomicactivityinlocalareasitgavemoreemphasistopromotelocal productionandlocalconsumption.ByfacingvariousconstraintsKudumbashreepavedthewayforpovertyalleviation, empowermentofwomenandfortheoveralldevelopmentofKeralaespeciallythroughmicroenterprises(Singh, IndubhusanandUshakumari(2007).

HencethepresentResearchStudylooksintotheroleofmicroenterprisesineconomicempowermentofWomen inKeralabytakingthespecificcaseofmicroenterprisesfunctioningunder‘Kudumbasree’inThrissur.Thereishigh scopeformicroentrepreneurialdevelopmentinThrissurandmajorityofwomenbelongstopoorfamily.So,ifweare successfulinstatingthefactthatthereiswomenempowermentinThrissurbybeingamemberinKudumbashreemicro enterprises,thiscanbetakenasamodelforoveralleconomicempowermentofwomeninKerala.Buthowfarthey generatedapositiveimpactonthelifeofwomenisyettobestudied.(PaulOliver2010).

RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY

ThepresentstudywasconductedintheThrissurDistrictinKeralastateMalablockisselectedpurposivelyforpresent study.

InMalablockofThrissurdistrictthereare9panchayats.Outofwhich,fourvillageswereselectedthroughrandom sampling.ThelistofselectedvillageswasKuruvilassery,Mala,PazhookaraandVadama.Thestructuredinterview schedulewaspreparedfordatacollection.Ex-postfactodesignwasusedforthisstudy.Thestatisticaltoolslikefrequency, percentage,mean,standarddeviationwasusedtointerpretthedataandfordrawinglogicalconclusion.

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Itwasunderstoodthatfromtable.1morethantwo-thirdoftherespondentsweremiddleaged(67.50%),followed byold(16.67%)andyoung(15.83%)agedbeneficiariesrespectively.Itcanbeseenthathigherproportionofthe respondentswereemployed(80.83%)whiletheremaining(19.17%)proportionoftherespondentswereunemployed.It wasevidentthatmorethantwo-thirdoftherespondentsbelongtogeneralcategory(65.83%),followedbyOBC(21.67%) andSC/ST(12.50%)respectively.Itwasobservedthathigherpercentageoftherespondentswereeducateduptohigh school(64.17%),followedbyprimary(20.83%),illiterate(10%)andonlyfew(5%)oftherespondentshadhigher secondary&abovelevelofeducation.Itcanbeseenthatmajorityoftherespondentshadsmallfamilysize(65%), followedbymedium(28.33%)andlarge(6.67%)sizeoffamilyrespectively.Itwasrevealedthatmostoftherespondents wereHindu(43.33%),followedbyChristian(35%)andIslam(21.67%)respectively.

Itcanbeseenthatmostoftherespondentsweremarried(71.67%),followedbyunmarried(17.50%)and remainingweredivorced(10.83%).Noneofthemwerewidow.Itwasseenthatmostoftherespondentshadsheettypeof housingpatter(65.83%),followedbyroofingtile(30%)andconcrete(4.17%)typeofhousingpattern.Mostofthe respondentsrevealedthatsanitaryfacilitywasavailable(72.50%),whereasremaining(27.50%)revealedthatsanitary

AStudyonMicroEnterprisePromotedbyKudumbasree(NeighbourhoodGroup’s)forRural 29 WomeninThrissurDistrictofKerala www.iaset.us editor@iaset.us
S.No. Independentvariable Category FrequencyPercentage 1 Age Youngagegroup 19 15.83 Middleagegroup 81 67.50 Oldagegroup 20 16.67 2 Employment Employed 97 80.83 Unemployed 23 19.17 3 Category General 79 65.83 OBC 26 21.67 SC/ST 15 12.50 4 Religion Hindu 52 43.33 Islam 26 21.67 Christian 42 35.00 Married 86 71.67 5 Maritalstatus Unmarried 21 17.50 Widow 0 0.00 Divorced 13 10.83 6 Educationalstatus Illiterate 12 10.00 Primary 25 20.83 Highschool 77 64.17 Highersecondary&above 6 5.00 7 Familysize Small 78 65.00 Medium 34 28.33 Large 8 6.67 8 Housepattern Roofingtile 36 30.00 Sheet 79 65.83 Concrete 5 4.17 9 Sanitaryfacility Available 87 72.50 Unavailable 33 27.50 Pipewater 10 8.33 10 Sourceofdrinkingwater Publicwell 12 10.00 Borewell 55 45.84 Well 43 35.83
RESULTSANDDISCUSSIONS Table1:Socio-EconomicProfileCharacteristicsoftheRespondents

facilitywasnotavailable.Itcanbeunderstoodthatmajorityoftherespondentshadborewell(45.84%)astheirsourceof drinkingwater,followedbywell(35.83%),publicwell(10%)andpipewater(8.33%)respectivelyastheirsourceof drinkingwater.(S.RenukaDevi(2020)).

Table2:DistributionofNegativeProblemsinBeneficiariesofKudumbashree

Fromtable.2,itwasseenthatmajorityoftherespondentsstronglyagree(55%)tothestatementthatwork increasedhouseholdtension,followedbystronglydisagree(30%)tothestatementthatmoresuspiciousfromhusband, agreetothestatementthatworkincreasedburdensofdomesticresponsibilities(47.50%),workincreasedtensionamong membersandneighbourhood(39.17%)andworkincreasedworkload(52.50%)respectivelytowardsthenegativeproblems inbeneficiariesofKudumbashree.(JishnuCheeroli(2018).

CONCLUSION

Basedonthepresentstudy,itisobservedthatmostofthebeneficiariesweremiddleagedandtheywereemployed, belongedtogeneralcategory,Hinduswithhighschoollevelofeducationpossessingsmallsizeoffamilyandmarried. Theyhadsheettypeofhousepatternwithavailablesanitaryfacility,utilizestheborewellastheirsourceofdrinkingwater. ThosebeneficiariesreportedpositiveroletowardstheKudumbashreemicroenterpriseinenhancementofwomencondition andempowerment.Increasedhouseholdtensionwasthenegativeproblem,lackofknow-howwasthedifficultyinareaof production,involvementofmiddlemen&lowpriceandprofitwerethedifficultyinareaofmarketingandgender discriminationwasthefirstandforemostconstraintamongthebeneficiariesintheentrepreneurialdevelopment.Whereas, governmentassistancealongwithtechnicaltrainingwerethemostsuggestedprospectsgivenbythebeneficiaries.

ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987

NAASRating3.17

30 AshwaniAnil&Jahanara
S. No. Statements Responses(n=120) Strongly Agree Agree UndecidedDisagree Strongly Disagree f % F % F % f % F % 1Increasedhouseholdtensions 66 55 2218.330 0.002218.33108.33 2Moresuspicionfromhusband 3428.341915.831411.671714.173630.00 3Increasedburdenofdomestic responsibilities 0 0.005747.501210.005142.5000.00 4Increasedtensionamong members/neighbourhood 3428.344739.170 0.003630.0032.50 5Increasedworkload 0 0.006352.509 7.504840.0000.00
Figure1:DistributionofNegativeProblemsin BeneficiariesofKudumbashree.

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ImpactFactor(JCC):7.0987

NAASRating3.17

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