InternationalJournalofApplied andNaturalSciences(IJANS)
ISSN(P):2319–4014;ISSN(E):2319–4022 Vol.11,Issue2,Jul–Dec2022;45–50 ©IASET
KNOWLEDGEOFFARMERSTOWARDSURDCROPPRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGYIN
MIRZAPURDISTRICTOFUTTARPRADESH
AbhishekSonkar1&Jhanara2
1ResearchScholar,DepartmentofAgricultureExtension&Communication,SHUATS,Prayagraj,India
2Professor,DepartmentofAgricultureExtension&Communication,SHUATS,Prayagraj,India
ABSTRACT
ThestudywasconductedinMirzapurDistrictofUttarPradeshtomeasuretheknowledgeoffarmerstowardsimproved UrdcropproductiontechnologyinMirzapurdistrictofUttarPradesh.Atotalnumberof120respondentswereselected randomlyfromthreevillagesunderSikhadwasblockbecausetheproductivity,productionandareawerefoundmaximum. Thedatawerecollectedbypersonnelinterviewmethodbyusingprestructuredinterviewscheduleandlaterappropriate statisticalanalysiswasdonetodrawlogicalconclusion.Thestudyrevealedthatmajority(53.33%)oftherespondents belongedtothemiddleagedgroupandmostoftherespondentsbelongtomarginalleveloflandholdingi.elessthan1 hac.Itwasfoundthatrespondentsbelongto40.83percentofeducationi.egraduate.Thefindingalsorevealedthat72.50 percentoftherespondentshadmediumlevelofknowledgetowardsimprovedUrdcropproductionpracticemeasure followedby17.50%and10%oftherespondentswithlowandhighlevelofknowledgerespectively.
KEYWORDS:
ArticleHistory
Received:12Sep2022|Revised:16Sep2022|Accepted:19Sep2022
INTRODUCTION
Theimportanceofagricultureinthesocio-economicfabricofIndiacanberealizedfromthefactthatthelivelihoodof majorityofthecountrypopulationdependsonagriculture.Theagriculturesectorcontributing19%ofthetotalGross DomesticProduct(GDP)withmorethan58%populationdependence.
Pulsesbelongtooneofthelargestfamilyfabaceae.Theseareuniquecropsinhavinganinbuiltcapacityfor fixingatmosphericnitrogen.Thusthesecropsmeettheirownnitrogenrequirementtoagreatextent.Theyalsoleave nitrogeninthesoilthatenrichthesoilandbecomeavailabletothesucceedingcrop.Besides,byopeningupofthesoilby theirdeeprootsystemandduetotheirplanttypeandvaryingmaturityduration,thepulseideallyfitintheintercropping, relaycroppingandmultiplecroppingsystemsofouragriculture.PulsesaremainsourceofproteinintheIndianvegetarian diet.Indiaisamajorpulsegrowingcountryintheworld.Inrecentyearsconsiderableemphasishasbeenlaidonthe improvementoftheyieldlevelsofpulsecropbyplacingtheminthelistofnationalpriorities.
InIndia,thearea,productionandproductivityofpulseswere25.23millionhectares,19.27milliontonsand764 kgperhectare,respectivelyduring2013-2014.Theareaunderpulseshasincreasedfrom19millionha.In1950-51to25.23 millionha.In2013-2014However,thepercapitadailyavailabilityofpulseshascomedownsignificantlyfrom51.1gram
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Knowledge,ExtensionParticipationProductionTechnology,Income
perdayin1971toabout41.9gramin2013-2014asagainstWHOrecommendationof80gramperday.Mainlydueto stagnationintheproductionofpulsesoverthelastthreedecades.Ingeneral,pulsesgiveloweryieldthancereals.Thisled totheassumptionthatpulsesmayhavealowergeneticpotentialforyieldthancereals.However,availableevidencesshow thatgrainlegumeshaveashighor-evenhighergeneticpotentialforyieldasthecerealcrops. (DAC &FW,2013-14).
Thiscropisitselfamini-fertilizerfactory,asithasuniquecharacteristicsofmaintainingandrestoringsoilfertility throughfixingatmosphericnitrogeninsymbioticassociationwith rhizobium bacteria,presentintherootnodules.Cropis suitable for inter cropping with different crops such as cotton, sorghum, pearl millet, green gram, maize, soybean, groundnut, for increasing production and maintaining soil fertility. It is extensively grown under varying climatic conditionsandsoiltypesinIndia.Itisalsocultivatedinmanytropicalandsub-tropicalcountriesofAsia,Africaand CentralAmerica,although,India,Pakistan,Bangladesh,BurmaandSriLankaaretheprincipalcountriescontributingto theworldproduction.TheblackgraminIndiaismainlygrowninthestatesofMadhyaPradesh,UttarPradesh,Bihar, Punjab,Maharashtra,WestBengalandTamilNadu.Blackgramismostlygrownasarainfedcropduringsummersin NorthernIndiaandinwintersinPeninsularandSouthernIndia.Withincreaseinirrigationpotential,theareaunderblack gramcultivationhasregisteredanincreaseinrecentyears.During2013-14,Urdbeanaccountedforanareaof3.19million hectare,production1.7milliontonnesandaverageproductivity596kgperhectare.Theproductionofpulses,ingeneral andblack graminparticular,hasnot beenableto keep pacewith therapidincreasein demand byeverincreasing population. This has resulted in decreasing trends of their per capita availability (40 gm/capita day during 1987). (Farmer.gov.in)
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
Descriptiveresearchdesignwasadoptedforthestudyasitdescribesthecharacteristicsorphenomenathatarebeing studied.ThepresentstudywasconductedinMirzapurdistrictofUttarPradesh.Outof12blocksinMirzapurdistrict, SikhadwasblockisselectedrandomlybasedonmaximumareacoveredunderUrdproduction.Fromtheselectedblock, threevillageswereselectedrandomlybasedonthemaximumareacoveredunderUrdproduction
OBJECTIVESOFTHESTUDY
Toassessthesocio-economicprofileoftherespondents.
TofindouttheknowledgeoftherespondentstowardUrdcropproductiontechnologypractices.
46
Abhishek
Sonkar & Jhanara Impact Factor (JCC): 7.3883 NAAS Rating 3.73
RESULTSANDDISCUSSION
Fromthetable1,Itshowsthat53.33percentoftherespondentsbelongtothemiddleagegroup.Findoutthat 40.83percentoftherespondentshasgraduate.Intermsofannualincome 87.50percentoftherespondentshasmedium levelofincomeinwhich43.33percenthadlandholdingoflessthan1hac . Find outthat65.00percentofthe respondentshasworkingonlyagricultureand42.50percentoftherespondentshassmallfamily.Itisalsoevidentthat 60.84percentoftherespondentsmediumlevelofextensionparticipationand50.84percentoftherespondentsmedium levelofmassmediaexposure.SimilarfindingisalsoreportedbyChandawat et al. (2014)
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Table
S.No IndependentVariables Category Frequency Percentage 1. Age Young (Upto35years) 29 24.17 Middle(36-46years) 64 53.33 Old (above55years) 27 225 2. Education Illiterate 0 0 Primary 5 4.17 Middle 11 9.17 Highschool 24 20.00 Intermediate 31 25.83 Graduation 49 40.83 3 Occupation OnlyFarming 51 42.5 Farmingandservice 19 15.83 Farmingandbusiness 50 41.67 4 Landholding Lessthan1hac 52 43.33 1to2hac 43 35.83 Morethan2hac 25 20.84 5 Caste General 39 32.51 OBC 62 51.66 SC/ST 19 15.83 6 Annualincome Low 6 5.0 Medium 105 87.5 High 9 7.5 7 Extensionparticipation Low(0.68) 15 12.5 Medium(0.68to1.32) 73 60.84 High(1.32) 32 26.66 8 Massmediaexposure Low(5.30) 23 19.16 Medium(5.30to7.00) 61 50.84 High(7.00) 36 30.00
1:Socio-Economic Profile of theRespondents
Sl.No. Particular Frequency Percentage 1 RecommendedVarieties 88 73.33 2 Soilanditsprepation 120 100 3 Plantingmaterial 120 100 4 Spacing 85 70.83 5 Sowingtime 120 100 6 FYM 115 95.83 7 N.P.K 98 81.66 8 Culturalpractices 120 100 9 Watermanagement 120 100
Table2:Knowledgeof theRespondentstowardsImprovedURDCropProductionTechnology
35,type-1.Regardingsoilpreparationcentpercentoftherespondenthadcorrect
ThedatainTable2revealedthat73.33percentoftherespondenthadknowledgeaboutrecommendedvarieties 1.Regardingsoilpreparationcentpercentoftherespondenthadcorrect
ThedatainTable2revealedthat73.33percentoftherespondenthadknowledgeaboutrecommendedvarieties viz.Azad-1,PantU-1,PuntUrd-35,type knowledgeaboutsoiltype.
Centpercentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofplantingmaterial,and70.83percentofrespondenthad knowledgeofrecommendedspacing.Centpercentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeaboutrighttimeofsowing.Incase ofrecommendedmanureapplication,95.83percentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofFYMwhile81.66percenthad correctknowledgeofchemicalfertilizerapplication.
andaboutmethodofirrigationandtimeofirrigation.
Centpercentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofplantingmaterial,and70.83percentofrespondenthad recommendedmanureapplication,95.83percentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofFYMwhile81.66percenthad correctknowledgeofchemicalfertilizerapplication.Centpercentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofculturalpractices, methodofirrigationandtimeofirrigation.About48.33percentoftherespondenthadknowledgeofdiseaseand59.16
percenthadknowledgeofrecommendedcontrolmeasurepractices,while53.33percenthadknowledgeofinsectpestand61.66 percenthadknowledgeregardingcontrolmeasurepractices.
Centpercentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofplantingmaterial,and70.83percentofrespondenthad recommendedmanureapplication,95.83percentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofFYMwhile81.66percenthad Centpercentoftherespondenthadcorrectknowledgeofculturalpractices, About48.33percentoftherespondenthadknowledgeofdiseaseand59.16 percenthadknowledgeofrecommendedcontrolmeasurepractices,while53.33percenthadknowledgeofinsectpestand61.66 Centpercentoftherespondentshadknowledgeaboutharvestingof
UrdanditsproductionSimilarfindingisalsoreportedby
owledgeregardingcontrolmeasurepractices.Centpercentoftherespondentshadknowledgeaboutharvestingof SimilarfindingisalsoreportedbySarithaetal.(2012)
knowledgefallowedbylowlevel(17.50%)knowledgeand(10.00%)ofhighlevelofknowledge.Thesimilarfinding
Theanalysisofthedataintable3revealedthatmajorityof(72.5%)oftherespondenthadmediumlevelof Thesimilarfindingwere
Theanalysisofthedataintable3revealedthatmajorityof(72.5%)oftherespondenthadmediumlevelof knowledgefallowedbylowlevel(17.50%)knowledgeand(10.00%)ofhighlevelofknowledge. alsoreportedbyKarangami(2017).
Figure1:DistributionofRespondentsbasedontheirOverallKnowledgetowardsImproved UrdCropProductionTechnology.
NAASRating3.73
48
10 Diseases Majorinsectofurd Controlmeasureasrecommended 11Insectpest Majorinsectpestofurd Controlmeasureasrecommended
ImpactFactor(JCC):7.3883
Table3:DistributionofRespondentsaccordingtotheir S.No. 1.Lowlevelknowledge 2.Mediumlevelknowledge
Total
3.Highlevelknowledge
AbhishekSonkar&Jhanara Table2Contd 120 100 Controlmeasureasrecommended71 59.16 120 100 recommended74 61.66
Figure1:DistributionofRespondentsbasedontheirOverallKnowledge
OverallKnowledgeLevel CategoryNumberPercentage Lowlevelknowledge2117.50 Mediumlevelknowledge8772.50 Highlevelknowledge1210.00 120100.00
towardsImproved
CONCLUSION
Itisconcludedthattheageofthemajorityoftherespondentswasmiddleandtheireducationallevelisalsomedium. Majorityoftherespondentspossessedmediumlevelofextensionparticipation.Therespondentsweremostlyutilizing mediumlevelmassmediaexposureonUrdproduction.Mostoftheoccupationoftherespondentsisagriculture.Majority oftheannualincomeoftherespondentswasmediumlevel.Theoverallknowledgeoftherespondentswasfoundunder mediumlevelItissuggestedthatthegovernmentshouldprovideawarenessandshouldconductdemonstrationsregarding theaboverelatedproblems.
REFERENCES
1. Baby, P., Kumari, N., Chandra, K., Kandan, K. and Netaji, S. R. (2012). Knowledge level of Participants and Non- participants of groundnut front line demonstration. Agril. Ext. Rev, 9 (3): 23-26.
2. Chandawat, M., Parmar, A., Sharma, P. and Singh, B. (2014). Knowledge of improved cultivation practices of gram among the farmers of Kheda district of Gujarat. International Journal of Farm Sciences, 4(2): 215-220.
3. Karangami, R. (2017). Adoption of recommended rice cultivation practices by the farmers from Palghar district. Doctoral dissertation, DBSKKV, Dapoli.
4. Kundu, S., Islam, M. R. and Ali, M. S. (2013).Knowledge Gap of the Farmers in Pulse Production. International Journal of Bio-Resource and Stress Management, 4(1).
5. Saritha, S. and Pushpa, J. (2012). Extent of knowledge and adoption level of farmers about improved technologies on cashew based dryland farming system. Agriculture Update, 7(3-4): 405-409.
6. Singh, I., Singh, K. K. and Gautam, U. S. (2012).Constraints in Adoption of Soybean Production Technology. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, Special Issue (Volume II):16.
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