Fluid Power Journal May 2019 Issue

May 2019

FOCUS ON

www.fluidpowerjournal.com

WIND TURBINES

THE FUTURE OF WIND POWER GENERATION

Oil Cleanliness IN WIND TURBINE HYDRAULIC PITCH SYSTEMS

SPECIAL SECTION

Innovative Designs & Publishing • 3245 Freemansburg Avenue • Palmer, PA 18045-7118

Includes Exhibitors' Booth Listings & Show Schedule on p.29

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IN THIS ISSUE

MAY 2019

VOLUME 26 • ISSUE 5

Features 12 Oil Cleanliness in Wind Turbine Hydraulic Pitch Systems 16 Contributing to the Future of Wind Power Generation

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38

26 Transforming Our Thinking About Energy Units and Velocity 29 2019 OTC Celebrating 50 Years 38 Pneumatic Robots Shake Hands with Artificial Intelligence 42 2019 Spring Meeting Recap IFPS celebrates success in Savannah, Georgia

29 Publisher’s Note: The information provided in this publication is for informational purposes only. While all efforts have been taken to ensure the technical accuracy of the material enclosed, Fluid Power Journal is not responsible for the availability, accuracy, currency, or reliability of any information, statement, opinion, or advice contained in a third party’s material. Fluid Power Journal will not be liable for any loss or damage caused by reliance on information obtained in this publication.

Departments 4 Notable Words 6 Compressed Air Systems 8 IFPS Update 15 Figure It Out 20 Product Spotlight 35 Then and Now 36 Web Marketplace 40 Component Showcase 44 NFPA Update 46 Classifieds

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N OTA B L E WO R D S

The Value of Investing in Wind Knowledge

By Nikki Walker, Wind Market Manager, Hydac

»

THE WIND INDUSTRY continues to grow year after year, racing against time to meet the next PTC (Production Tax Credit) expiration date (currently the end of 2020), and gambling on the next PTC extension, if any. Chasing this deadline goes hand-in-hand with conserving profitability. Companies scrutinize where and how to save money, with the first stop being those components that are frequently purchased.

hydraulic pitch system provide analog signals that can be tied into existing vibration and fluid condition monitoring systems.

Filter element change-outs can be planned as the condition of the filter is overseen throughout its life.

Additionally, the indicator range of the sensor can be used to monitor the function of the bypass valve, allowing early warning for sub-optimal conditions (which is recommended by the wind energy standard AGMA 6006.) Indirect It seems counterintuitive to spend more benefits include diagnostics on additional sensors when cost-cutting based on trending of the measures rule, however this relatively pressure differential, such small investment provides protection as premature element failfor high-cost critical components and extends the life ure due to holes caused of consumables. by large contaminants (reduced pressure drop Finding ways to extend filter element life trend) or failure of gearbox or hydraulic without compromising fluid cleanliness is pitch system (high pressure drop trend). another important area of cost-saving evalDifferent wind sites experience difuation. The traditional method in wind is to ferent challenges—heat, cold, humidity, schedule planned maintenance. However, corrosive saltwater environments, just to if wind farms extend change-outs based on name a few. Regardless of geography, retpreventative/predictive maintenance, then rofitting an existing filter housing with a sensor provides a higher level of filtration tangible and intangible benefits occur. Less up-tower time for technicians and fewer system visibility, increased troubleshootelement swap-outs reduce both labor and ing proficiency, and reduced waste of still material costs, over the life of the turbine. viable elements.

Monitoring differential pressure at the Differential pressure sensors are typfilter element is key to implementing this ically easy to retrofit into existing filter cost savings. Adding analog sensors to housings. However, sites may choose the gearbox lubrication system and the to only outfit a percentage of their fleet

EDITOR'S NOTE There was a misprint in the April 2019 issue of the Fluid Power Journal. In the article "Calculating the Hydraulic Pressure to Support Jib Boom Loads" on page 42, MA = 6 / 3 = 2 should be MA = 24 / 6 = 4. Consequently, the following two equations should be F3 = 4 • 7071 lb. = 28,284 lb. and Fcyl = 28,284 lb. / 0.50 = 56,568 lb.

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MAY 2019

PUBLISHER Innovative Designs & Publishing, Inc. 3245 Freemansburg Avenue, Palmer, PA 18045-7118 Tel: 800-730-5904 or 610-923-0380 Fax: 610-923-0390 • Email: Art@FluidPowerJournal.com www.FluidPowerJournal.com

Founders: Paul and Lisa Prass

Associate Publisher: Bob McKinney Editor: Candace Nicholson

Technical Editor: Dan Helgerson, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPS, CFPECS, CFPSD, CFPMT, CFPCC - CFPSOS LLC

Art Director: Quynh Vo Eastern Region Acct Executive: Norma Abrunzo Western Region Acct Executive: Cindy Hamm Director of Creative Services: Erica Montes Accounting: Donna Bachman, Sarah Varano

Circulation Manager: Andrea Karges INTERNATIONAL FLUID POWER SOCIETY 1930 East Marlton Pike, Suite A-2, Cherry Hill, NJ 08003-2141 Tel: 856-489-8983 • Fax: 856-424-9248 Email: AskUs@ifps.org • Web: www.ifps.org 2019 BOARD OF DIRECTORS

President & Chairperson: Timothy M. White, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPS, CFPECS, CFPMIH, CFPMMH, CFPMIP, CFPMT, CFPMM - The Boeing Company

Immediate Past President: Dean Houdeshell, PE, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPE, CFPS, CFPIHT, CFPMHT, CFPMHM - Cemen Tech Inc.

First Vice President: Jeff Kenney, CFPIHM, CFPMHM, CFPMHT - Hydradyne, LLC

Treasurer: Jeff Hodges, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPMHM - Altec Industries, Inc. Vice President Certification: Denis Poirier, Jr., CFPAI/AJPP, CFPHS, CFPIHM, CFPCC Eaton Corporation

Vice President Marketing

& Public Relations: Scott Nagro, CFPS HydraForce, Inc.

Vice President Education: Kenneth Dulinski, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPECS, CFPHS, CFPMIH, CFPMMH - Macomb Community College

Vice President Membership: Rocky Phoenix, CFPMHT, CFPMHM - Open Loop Energy, Inc. DIRECTORS-AT-LARGE Chauntelle Baughman, CFPHS - OneHydrauics, Inc. John A. Bibaeff, Jr., CFPHS, CFPCC - Lamb Services, Inc. Randy Bobbitt, CFPHS - Danfoss Power Solutions Cary Boozer, PE, CFPE, CFPS - Motion Industries, Inc. Elisabeth DeBenedetto, CFPS - Argo-Hytos Brandon Gustafson, PE, CFPE, CFPS, CFPIHT, CFPMHM - Graco, Inc. Garrett Hoisington, CFPAI, CFPS, CFPMHM - Open Loop Energy, Inc. James O’Halek, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPMM, CFPCC - The Boeing Company Edwin Rybarczyk, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPS - E. R. Consultants, Inc. Scott Sardina, PE, CFPAI, CFPHS - Waterclock Engineering Mohaned Shahin, CFPS - Parker Hannifin Randy Smith, CFPS - Northrop Grumman Corp.

HONORARY DIRECTORS Paul Prass - Innovative Designs & Publishing Elizabeth Rehfus, CFPE, CFPS, Robert Sheaf, CFPAI/AJPP - CFC Industrial Training IFPS STAFF

Executive Director: Donna Pollander, ACA Communications Manager: Adele Kayser

Technical Director: Thomas Blansett, CFPS, CFPAI Certification Logistics Manager: Susan Apostle

Certification Coordinator: Kyle Pollander

Bookkeeper: Diane McMahon

Administrative Assistant: Beth Borodziuk

Fluid Power Journal (ISSN# 1073-7898) is the official publication of the International Fluid Power Society published bi-monthly with four supplemental issues, including a Systems Integrator Directory, Off-Highway Suppliers Directory, Tech Directory, and Manufacturers Directory, by Innovative Designs & Publishing, Inc., 3245 Freemansburg Avenue, Palmer, PA 18045-7118.

All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part of any material in this publication is acceptable with credit. Publishers assume no liability for any information published. We reserve the right to accept or reject all advertising material and will not guarantee the return or safety of unsolicited art, photographs or manuscripts.

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

with sensors, as a cost-saving measure. Additionally, extended filter length options may also be available. Combining this with a high dirt-holding-capacity element could extend element change-outs to 12 or 24 months, or longer depending on fluid cleanliness.

A general example of cost savings in terms of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is to compare a standard 10 micron absolute element, changed once per year, to a high dirt-holding-capacity element requiring change out every 18-24 months. The Service Cost for these elements would include the number of times the turbine is serviced per year, replacement element cost, technician labor rate, element change-out time, oil lost during service cost, and turbine downtime cost. Based on these factors, theoretical savings with a high dirt-holding-capacity element may be 50%. Additionally, if an extended filter housing is added, cost savings may reach 70% or higher.

Element differential pressure monitoring is only one facet. Fluid condition monitoring, including water, temperature, and gearbox lubrication system metallic contamination sensors can help with predictive maintenance.

It seems counterintuitive to spend more on additional sensors when cost-cutting measures rule, however this relatively small investment provides protection for high-cost critical components and extends the life of consumables.

Element differential pressure and fluid condition monitoring provide the data needed for substantial cost savings over the life of the turbine. As Benjamin Franklin said, “An investment in knowledge pays the best interest!” 

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MAY 2019

5

COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEMS

Important Compressed Air Components

By Ron Marshall, Marshall Compressed Air Consulting

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WHAT IS THE most important component in this picture, in terms of efficiency?

Is it the air compressor? The compressor in this picture is a very efficient variable speed drive variant that speeds up and slows down in concert with the actual demand on this system.

In doing so, it minimizes wasteful unloaded run time compared to that which standard load/unload compressors consume while running lightly loaded. This compressor is quite important to this system, but perhaps not the most important component.

Is it the air dryer, tucked away behind the storage receiver?

This air dryer is a thermal mass type. Instead of consuming full power when running lightly loaded, this dryer starts and stops, not unlike a home refrigerator, and in doing so, it only consumes as much energy as required to lower the dew point of the air to near the freezing point of water, this ensures water removal and a dry supply of compressed air to the plant.

Figure 1: Each component contributes something important towards efficiency.

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Is it the piping? The piping in the picture is the aluminum variety that has a smooth internal surface that reduces friction and lowers pressure loss. This piping style not only saves energy, but it is also quite easy to install, saving labor over standard threaded steel piping.

Is it the storage receiver? It’s obvious this storage receiver is bigger than most. The storage receiver provides a nice quiet zone where the compressed air can cool and drop any entrained moisture. And the large volume of the receiver ensures that the connected air compressor cycles on and off, or loads and unloads at a low frequency, keeping the compressor running efficiently and running in a manner that is not reducing the life of the unit.

The receiver also stores air, making large gulps of flow available to any downstream demands, without any excess drop in pressure, or the need to run a larger compressor.

Or is it the instrumentation in the storage bags on the floor? These instruments were used in measuring the old inefficient components that were previously installed in this location.

Using the data these instruments collected, this customer was able to learn that they were consuming 60% more energy than they needed, all due to some poor compressed air components. Using this information, they were able to calculate, with the help of their service provider, that these new components would qualify for a substantial utility financial incentive, and save them enough operating costs in two years to pay for the new equipment. These instruments have also informed them that these savings are real, and their new equipment is operating quite efficiently.

It is up to you to judge which is the most important part of a good, efficient compressed air installation. Perhaps each component in turn provides an equal part of a complete and excellent installation. If you are looking to save energy, have your service provider measure your system and help you find the best combination of benefits to meet your company’s needs. 

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MAY 2019

7

I F P S U P D AT E

Committees meet via conference call two-three times per year. If you would like to join a committee, e-mail Donna Pollander, ACA, dpollander@ ifps.org

Join a Committee!

»

IFPS HAS FIVE (5) committees representing three (3) areas of IFPS’s mission statement – certification, standardization, and education. Our committee members provide a cross-section of expertise and experience that steer the direction and momentum of the IFPS. By joining one of our committees, you will align yourself with a community of professional individuals involved with the ongoing changes in the fluid power industry and the IFPS.

FINANCE COMMITTEE The Finance Committee advises the Board of Directors and oversee sustainable fiscal positioning, adherence to IFPS financial policies, increasing spendable income and promoting future endowments to ensure sound growth while maintaining nonprofit status.

Chair: Jeff Hodges, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPMHM - Altec Industries, Inc. Vice Chair: Lisa DeBenedetto, CFPS, Argo-Hytos CERTIFICATION COMMITTEE The Certification Committee will assure continuous development and improvement of fluid power motion control certifications, based upon defensible standards, to advance the Fluid Power Industry.

Chair: Denis Poirier, Jr., CFPAI/AJPP, CFPHS, CFPCC, CFPIHM, Eaton Corporation - Hydraulics Group Vice Chair: Edwin Rybarczyk, CFPAI/ AJPP, CFPS, E.R. Consultants

8

MAY 2019

EDUCATION COMMITTEE The Education Committee advances the professional knowledge of those in the fluid power industry by embracing, encouraging, developing, and championing educational and training opportunities.

Chair: Ken Dulinski, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPECS, CFPHS, CFPMIH, CFPMMH Macomb Community College Vice Chair: John Bibaeff, PE, CFPE, CFPS MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE The Membership Committee develops strategies that will increase the value of an IFPS membership and involve, influence, and attract new and retain existing individuals, chapters, companies, and associations.

Chair: Rocky Phoenix, CFPMHM, CFPMHT - Open Loop Energy, Inc. Vice Chair: Randy Bobbitt, CFPHS Danfoss Power Solutions MARKETING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS COMMITTEE The Marketing and Public Relations Committee serves to actively engage in increasing brand awareness through the development of promotional materials and communication enhancing the public understanding and the value of the Society to all.

Chair: Scott Nagro, CFPS HydraForce, Inc. Vice Chair: Scott Sardina, PE, CFPAI, CFPHS - Waterclock Engineering

CONGRATULATIONS to our newly Certified Fluid Power Accredited Instructors (CFPAI) and Authorized Job Performance Proctors (CFPAJPP)

Approved candidates hold at least one certification, conducted a pre-planned presentation, and were evaluated by a panel of subject matter experts and peers during the recent Instructor Training Workshop in Detroit, Michigan.

Andy Smith, CFPMHM – Aletc Industries, Inc. (CFPAI/AJPP) Rowan Leehue, CFPS – Baker Hughes - a GE Company (CFPAI) Sylvain Desjardins, CFPPS – Motion Industries, Inc. - Canada (CFPAI) Steven Downey, CFPAI, CFPAJPP, CFPHS, CFPIHM, CFPIHT – Attica Hydraulic Exchange Corp. (AJPPCC) Denis Poirier, CFPAI, CFPHS, CFPIHM, CFPCC – Eaton Corporation (AJPPCC) If you would like to become an AI or AJPP, register for our upcoming Instructor Training Workshop being held October 21-23, Houston, Texas. Register by visiting www.ifps.org or by calling 800-308-6005.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS (elected position) Timothy White, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPS, CFPECS, CFPMIH,CFPMMH, CFPMIP, CFPMT, CFPMM, The Boeing Company STRATEGIC PLANNING COMMITTEE (appointed position)

The IFPS Strategic Planning Committee monitors, adjudicates, schedules, and formulates projects designed to advance the mission of the IFPS. Jeff Kenney, CFPIHM, CFPMHM, CFPMHT, Hydradyne, LLC NOMINATING COMMITTEE (appointed position)

Jeff Kenney, CFPIHM, CFPMHM, CFPMHT, Hydradyne, LLC WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

I F P S U P D AT E

UPCOMING WEB SEMINARS Free to IFPS Members – Guests may purchase ($40.00) Register at www.ifps.org

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May 30, 2019 - 12:00 p.m.

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MAY 2019

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I F P S U P D AT E

Certification Testing Locations ndividuals wishing to take any IFPS written certification tests can select from convenient locations across the United States and Canada. The IFPS is able to offer these locations through its affiliation with The Consortium of College Testing Centers (CCTC) provided by National College Testing Association (NCTA).

I

TESTING DATES FOR ALL LOCATIONS: July 2019 Tuesday 7/2 • Thursday 7/25 August 2019 Tuesday 8/6 • Thursday 8/22 September 2019 Tuesday 9/3 • Thursday 9/19 October 2019 Tuesday 10/1 • Thursday 10/24 November 2019 Tuesday 11/5 • Thursday 11/21

ALASKA Anchorage, AK Fairbanks, AK ALABAMA Auburn, AL Birmingham, AL Huntsville, AL Jacksonville, AL Mobile, AL Montgomery, AL Normal, AL Tuscaloosa, AL ARIZONA Flagstaff, AZ Glendale, AZ Mesa, AZ Phoenix, AZ Prescott, AZ Safford, AZ Scottsdale, AZ Sierra Vista, AZ Tempe, AZ Thatcher, AZ Tucson, AZ Yuma, AZ ARKANSAS Bentonville, AR Hot Springs, AR Little Rock, AR CALIFORNIA Aptos, CA Arcata, CA Bakersfield, CA Encinitas, CA Fresno, CA Irvine, CA Marysville, CA Riverside, CA Salinas, CA San Diego, CA San Jose, CA San Luis Obispo, CA Santa Ana, CA Santa Maria, CA Santa Rosa, CA Yucaipa, CA COLORAD0 Aurora, CO Boulder, CO Colorado Springs, CO Denver, CO Durango, CO Ft. Collins, CO Greeley, CO Lakewood, CO Littleton, CO Pueblo, CO DELAWARE Dover, DE Georgetown, DE FLORIDA Avon Park, FL Boca Raton, FL Cocoa, FL Davie, FL Daytona Beach, FL Fort Pierce, FL Ft. Myers, FL Gainesville, FL Miami Gardens, FL

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MAY 2019

New Port Richey, FL Orlando, FL Panama City, FL Pembroke Pines, FL Pensacola, FL Plant City, FL Sanford, FL Tampa, FL Winter Haven, FL GEORGIA Albany, GA Athens, GA Atlanta, GA Carrollton, GA Dahlonega, GA Dublin, GA Dunwoody, GA Lawrenceville, GA Morrow, GA Oakwood, GA Statesboro, GA Tifton, GA Valdosta, GA HAWAII Laie, HI IDAHO Boise, ID Coeur d ‘Alene, ID Idaho Falls, ID Lewiston, ID Moscow, ID Nampa, ID Rexburg, ID Twin Falls, ID ILLINOIS Carbondale, IL Carterville, IL Champaign, IL Decatur, IL DeKalb, IL Edwardsville, IL Elk Grove, IL Glen Ellyn, IL Joliet, IL Malta, IL Peoria, IL Springfield, IL INDIANA Bloomington, IN Evansville, IN Fort Wayne, IN Gary, IN Indianapolis, IN Kokomo, IN Lafayette, IN Lawrenceburg, IN Madison, IN Muncie, IN New Albany, IN Sellersburg, IN South Bend, IN Terre Haute, IN IOWA Ames, IA Cedar Rapids, IA Iowa City, IA Ottumwa, IA Sioux City, IA Waterloo, IA

KANSAS Lawrence, KS Manhattan, KS Wichita, KS KENTUCKY Bowling Green, KY Covington, KY Highland Heights, KY Louisville, KY Morehead, KY LOUISIANA Bossier City, LA Monroe, LA Natchitoches, LA New Orleans, LA Thibodaux, LA MARYLAND Arnold, MD Bel Air, MD Frederick, MD Hagerstown, MD La Plata, MD Westminster, MD Wye Mills, MD MASSACHUSETTS Boston, MA Bridgewater, MA Danvers, MA Haverhill, MA Holyoke, MA MICHIGAN Ann Arbor, MI Big Rapids, MI Dearborn, MI Dowagiac, MI East Lansing, MI Flint, MI Grand Rapids, MI Kalamazoo, MI Lansing, MI Livonia, MI Mount Pleasant, MI Sault Ste. Marie, MI Troy, MI University Center, MI Warren, MI MINNESOTA Brooklyn Park, MN Eden Prairie, MN Granite Falls, MN Mankato, MN Morris, MN MISSISSIPPI Goodman, MS Mississippi State, MS Raymond, MS University, MS MISSOURI Cape Girardeau, MO Cottleville, MO Joplin, MO Kirksville, MO Park Hills, MO Poplar Bluff, MO Rolla, MO Sedalia, MO St. Joseph, MO St. Louis, MO Warrensburg, MO

MONTANA Bozeman, MT Missoula, MT NEBRASKA Bellevue, NE Lincoln, NE North Platte, NE Omaha, NE NEVADA Henderson, NV North Las Vegas, NV Winnemucca, NV NEW JERSEY Branchburg, NJ Lincroft, NJ Sewell, NJ Toms River, NJ West Windsor, NJ NEW MEXICO Albuquerque, NM Clovis, NM Farmington, NM Portales, NM Santa Fe, NM NEW YORK Brooklyn, NY Buffalo, NY Garden City, NY Middletown, NY New York, NY Syracuse, NY NORTH CAROLINA Apex, NC Asheville, NC Boone, NC Charlotte, NC Durham, NC Fayetteville, NC Greenville, NC Jamestown, NC Misenheimer, NC Pembroke, NC Raleigh, NC Wilmington, NC NORTH DAKOTA Bismarck, ND Fargo, ND OHIO Akron, OH Cincinnati, OH Columbus, OH Fairfield, OH Findlay, OH Kirtland, OH Lima, OH Maumee, OH Newark, OH Rio Grande, OH Toledo, OH Youngstown, OH OKLAHOMA Altus, OK Bethany, OK Edmond, OK Norman, OK Oklahoma City, OK Stillwater, OK Tonkawa, OK Tulsa, OK

OREGON Bend, OR Coos Bay, OR Eugene, OR Gresham, OR Medford, OR Oregon City, OR Portland, OR White City, OR PENNSYLVANIA Bethlehem, PA Bloomsburg, PA Blue Bell, PA Gettysburg, PA Harrisburg, PA Lancaster, PA Newtown, PA Philadelphia, PA Pittsburgh, PA York, PA SOUTH CAROLINA Beaufort, SC Charleston, SC Columbia, SC Conway, SC Greenwood, SC Orangeburg, SC Rock Hill, SC Spartanburg, SC TENNESSE Blountville, TN Clarksville, TN Collegedale, TN Gallatin, TN Johnson City, TN Memphis, TN Morristown, TN Murfreesboro, TN Nashville, TN TEXAS Abilene, TX Arlington, TX Austin, TX Beaumont, TX Brownsville, TX Commerce, TX Corpus Christi, TX Dallas, TX Denison, TX El Paso, TX Houston, TX Laredo, TX Lubbock, TX Lufkin, TX Mesquite, TX Weatherford, TX Wichita Falls, TX UTAH Cedar City, UT Kaysville, UT Logan, UT Ogden, UT Orem, UT Salt Lake City, UT VIRGINIA Daleville, VA Lynchburg, VA Norfolk, VA Roanoke, VA Virginia Beach, VA

WASHINGTON Bellingham, WA Bremerton, WA Ellensburg, WA Olympia, WA Seattle, WA Shoreline, WA Spokane, WA WISCONSIN Fond du Lac, WI La Crosse, WI Milwaukee, WI WYOMING Casper, WY Laramie, WY Torrington, WY ASIA Kingdom of Bahrain AUSTRALIA Rockingham, WA CANADA Calgary, AB Edmonton, AB Fort McMurray, AB Lethbridge, AB Lloydminster, AB Olds, AB Red Deer, AB Abbotsford, BC Burnaby, BC Castlegar, BC Delta, BC Kamloops, BC Nanaimo, BC Prince George, BC Richmond, BC Surrey, BC Vancouver, BC Victoria, BC Brandon, MB Winnipeg, MB Bathurst, NB Moncton, NB St. John’s, NL Halifax, NS Brockville, ON Hamilton, ON Mississauga, ON Niagara-on-theLake, ON North Bay, ON North York, ON Ottawa, ON Toronto, ON Welland, ON Windsor, ON Côte Saint-Luc, QB Montrea, QB Montreal, QB Melfort, SK Moose Jaw, SK Nipawin, SK Prince Albert, SK Saskatoon, SK Whitehorse, YT ENGLAND London, ENG NEW ZEALAND Taradale, NZ UNITED KINGDOM Elgin, UK

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I F P S U P D AT E

AVAILABLE IFPS CERTIFICATIONS CFPAI Certified Fluid Power Accredited Instructor

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CFPAJPPCC Certified Fluid Power Authorized Job Performance Proctor Connector & Conductor

HYDRAULIC SPECIALIST (HS) CERTIFICATION REVIEW Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details June 18-20, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written test: June 21, 2019 September 16-19, 2019 - Mukwonago, WI - wanke@msoe.edu | Written test: September 19, 2019 September 16-19, 2019 - Maumee, OH - Hydraulicstraining@eaton.com | Written test: September 20, 2019 October 21-23, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written test: October 24, 2019 November 4-7, 2019 - Eden Prairie, MN - Hydraulicstraining@eaton.com | Written test: November 8, 2019

ELECTRONIC CONTROLS (ECS) CERTIFICATION REVIEW Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details October 1-3, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written test: October 4, 2019

PNEUMATIC SPECIALIST (PS) CERTIFICATION REVIEW Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details October 15-17, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written test: October 18, 2019

CONNECTOR & CONDUCTOR (CC) CERTIFICATION REVIEW Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details June 10-11, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written and JP test: June 12, 2019 November 6-7, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written and JP test: November 8, 2019

CFPE Certified Fluid Power Engineer CFPS Certified Fluid Power Specialist (Must Obtain CFPHS, CFPPS) CFPHS Certified Fluid Power Hydraulic Specialist CFPPS Certified Fluid Power Pneumatic Specialist CFPECS Certified Fluid Power Electronic Controls Specialist CFPMT Certified Fluid Power Master Technician (Must Obtain CFPIHT, CFPMHT, & CFPPT) CFPIHT Certified Fluid Power Industrial Hydraulic Technician CFPMHT Certified Fluid Power Mobile Hydraulic Technician CFPPT Certified Fluid Power Pneumatic Technician CFPMM Certified Fluid Power Master Mechanic (Must Obtain CFPIHM, CFPMHM, & CFPPM) CFPIHM Certified Fluid Power Industrial Hydraulic Mechanic CFPMHM Certified Fluid Power Mobile Hydraulic Mechanic CFPPM Certified Fluid Power Pneumatic Mechanic CFPMIH Certified Fluid Power Master of Industrial Hydraulics (Must Obtain CFPIHM, CFPIHT, & CFPCC) CFPMMH Certified Fluid Power Master of Mobile Hydraulics (Must Obtain CFPMHM, CFPMHT, & CFPCC) CFPMIP Certified Fluid Power Master of Industrial Pneumatics (Must Obtain CFPPM, CFPPT, & CFPCC) CFPCC Certified Fluid Power Connector & Conductor CFPSD Fluid Power System Designer CFPMEC (In Development) Mobile Electronic Controls

MOBILE HYDRAULIC MECHANIC (MHM) CERTIFICATION REVIEW Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details July 22-23, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com | Written and JP test: July 24-25, 2019 Online Mobile Hydraulic Mechanic Certification Review (for written test) offered through Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com. This course takes you through all chapters of the MHM Study Manual (6.5 hours) and every outcome to prepare you for the written MHM test. Members receive 20% off.

(Test fees are additional - separate registration required.)

INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC MECHANIC (IHM) CERTIFICATION Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details August 26-28, 2019 - Fairfield, OH - CFC Industrial Training | Written and JP test: August 29, 2019

INDUSTRIAL HYDRAULIC TECHNICIAN (IHT) CERTIFICATION REVIEW TRAINING Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details Call for dates. Phone: 513-874-3225 - CFC Industrial Training, Fairfield, Ohio

MOBILE HYDRAULIC TECHNICIAN (MHT) CERTIFICATION REVIEW TRAINING Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details Call for dates. Phone: 513-874-3225 - CFC Industrial Training, Fairfield, Ohio

PNEUMATIC TECHNICIAN (PT) and PNEUMATIC MECHANIC CERTIFICATION REVIEW TRAINING Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details Call for dates. Phone: 513-874-3225 - CFC Industrial Training, Fairfield, Ohio

JOB PERFORMANCE (JP) TRAINING Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details Online Job Performance Review - CFC Industrial Training offers online JP Reviews which includes stations 1-6 of the IFPS mechanic and technician job performance tests. Members may e-mail askus@ifps.org for a 20% coupon code off the list price or get the code in our Members Only area for the entire IFPS Job Performance Review; test not included.

LIVE DISTANCE LEARNING JOB PERFORMANCE STATION REVIEW Onsite review training for small groups – contact kpollander@ifps.org for details E-mail Info@cfcindustrialtraining.com for information.

CFPIEC (In Development) Industrial Electronic Controls

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MAY 2019

11

Oil Cleanliness

in Wind Turbine Hydraulic

By Justin Stover, Wind Segment Manager, C.C. Jensen

In the wind turbine industry, a revolution is happening within oil maintenance. Changing oil used to be based on time and operation hours, but many wind turbine owners see this method as obsolete. Studies have shown that too much oil and many hydraulic components have been prematurely replaced simply because of contamination in the oil. A new and improved way of triggering an oil change is looking at the condition of the fluid and taking steps to ensure oil cleanliness. The benefit is longer oil service life, often 3 times longer depending on environment and filtration level. Furthermore, maintaining fluid cleanliness will increase the service life of hydraulic components.

Fig. 1: Polar additives (Source: Noria Corporation)

H

ydraulic pitch systems are the muscle that controls wind-turbine blades.

There are two types of control used in wind energy, either an electric or hydraulic device for many turbines rated at or below 2.5 MW. However, the job of pitching blades for turbines over 3 MW often belongs to hydraulics.

Larger turbines require blades that pitch so they are mounted on bearings. It requires a hydraulic power unit in order to drive each blade to its optimum pitch position. The pump and motor are typically mounted with the power unit in the nacelle. The hydraulic pistons are mounted in the hub. A hydraulic rotary joint permits hydraulic fluid to flow from the stationary side to the rotating side. The hydraulic pitch system then controls the pitch of the blades to maintain continuous rotational speed at the generator.

Apart from wind velocity changes, the pitch of the blades can also vary even during a 360-degree rotation of a single blade. Precision control is necessary because wind velocity at the 12 o’clock position may be significantly different from its velocity at the 6 o’clock position. The pitch of each blade varies continuously and independently.

Therefore, proportional valves are a critical component in the hydraulic pitch system.

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The oil in this application not only transmits power, but it also provides lubrication, heat transfer, and transports contaminants to be filtered out. It is the lifeblood of the system and so it should be maintained as clean as possible.

Why Is Oil Changed In the First Place?

Not so long ago, a common answer to this question could be: “The oil was dirty, so I replaced it.” However, this is an expensive mindset, since effective filtration can remove solid particles and water quite easily. This is especially important for oil systems that are difficult to access, which includes most landbased wind turbines and offshore wind turbines.

Most oil in service will only need to be replaced when the oil is degraded and the properties are no longer intact.

Base Oil and Additives Lubricating and hydraulic fluids consists of base oil plus 2% to 15% additives. Typical additives are antioxidants, anti-wear, antifoam, corrosion inhibitors, and for gear oil, also viscosity index improvers, EP additives, and sometimes pour-point depressants. Hydraulic oil is one of the oil types with the least amount

Fig. 2: Degraded hydraulic oil [right] compared to new oil [left] (Source: C.C.JENSEN)

of additives. Engine lube oil will, in comparison, often contain 20 – 30% additives. The base oil degrades due to heat, air, water, and metal catalysts such as iron and copper. To fight premature oil degradation, robust base oil is used together with antioxidants (often ZDDP — Zinc Dialkyl Dithio Phosphates).

ZDDP doubles as a polar, metal wetting antiwear additive (AW), which forms an ash-like film to protect against adhesive wear (metalto-metal contact) between components in the oil system, e.g., pumps, gears, valves, etc.

However, polar additives as catalysts will degrade with water and heat and will deplete with excess amounts of particles in the oil. This is one of the reasons why the level of water and particles has to be monitored in oil.

Oil Analysis – New Oil As Baseline Oil analyses can be used to check remaining oil life by looking at the base oil and additive package. As a rule of thumb, the additive level in used oil has to be minimum 70% of the additive level in new oil. It is therefore vital to sample every incoming oil drum or tote to establish the baseline. This will also help to prevent a faulty oil batch from being used.

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

Pitch Systems 2 MW Wind Turbine Pitch Hydraulic System Turbine #7 Texaco Rando HDZ 32 Particle Development 40,000

2 micron 5 micron 15 micron

35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000

Texaco Rando HDZ 32

10,000 5,000

A Good Oil Analysis Report Should Give Information About The Following:

Before oil filtration

The Following Routine Oil Analyses Should Be Performed On The Wind Turbines (6 Month/Every Service Visit)

oil suitable for further use: Are base oil • The

properties and additives still intact?

• Viscosity

and viscosity index (+/- 10% is acceptcondition of the machine: Has a critical able. Increase in viscosity can indicate oil • The

wear situation developed? degradation.) level of contaminants: Are seals, breathers, • AN (Increase in acidity indicates base oil deg • The

and filters operating effectively? radation. 0.5 mgKOH/g above new oil AN is oil degradation speeding up: Could a caution level.)

• The

severe varnish problem be occurring soon?

• FTIR

(The oil’s “fingerprint” will show oil degradation, water, mix with other fluid types, etc.)

Condition-Based Oil Changes • Elemental

Analysis (Will show dirt ingress, wear As mentioned earlier, replacing oil based metals, and additive level) on time or operation hours is expensive and • Water

by Karl Fisher (Very accurate determina unnecessary. Condition-based oil changes are tion of moisture level in oil) the optimum way. If you want to trigger oil • Particle count according to ISO 4406 (Hard par changes based on the lubricant health, the fol- ticles from dirt and wear) lowing five are the primary modes of measure: Viscosity, AN, FTIR, Elemental Analysis (wear Additional Recommended Oil Analyses and additive level), and Water by Karl Fisher. • Water release properties (Demulsibility test

Oil samples need to be taken and analyzed on according to DIN 51599, ISO 6614 or ASTM D1401) a regular basis, and it is important to compare • Foaming

tendency and air entrainment tests the result with the baseline (new oil) and the (According to ISO 6247 or ASTM D892) historic trend. This means only one oil analysis • Ferrous density — relation between large/small

per year would require a very long period to magnetic particles (DRF, WPC or PQ-index) establish a trend.

• Oil degradation and varnish test (MPC - Membrane Patch Colorimetric, Voltametry/RULER test) WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

Pitch Hydraulic System Turbine #7

15,000

0

2 MW Wind Turbine

After 9 days

After 5 weeks

After 4 months

Particle Development

Offline Filter Case Study A wind turbine owner was experiencing increased particle and water contamination in the pitch hydraulic systems of their 2 MW wind turbines. Based upon the oil analysis, a decision needed to be made to replace the oil at great cost or leave it in service. Obviously continuing to use the dirty oil would put sensitive components, such as proportional valves and cylinders, at a greater risk of premature failure and even more cost. After further consultation, the owner opted to address the oil contamination by adding a so-called offline filter or kidney-loop filter. This offline filter provided a depth type of media that would not only remove solids, but also moisture and soft particles in a compact and economical design. After only 1 month of operation, the following oil cleanliness was achieved using the offline filter: Particles: The contamination level in the oil was reduced by 95% from 34,631 to 1,539 of 2 μm particles per 100 ml.

Water: The water level was reduced from 1,859 ppm to 86 ppm.

MAY 2019

13

OIL ANALYSIS LOG BOOK

Oil Analysis Log Book

Below is an example of hydraulic oil analysis including new ooil baseline, and critical Below is an example f hydraulic oil acaution, nalysis including new oil levels. baseline, caution, and

ter level was reduced from 1,859 ppm to 86 ppm.

Conclusion

Fig. 3: HDU 15-25 Installed on a pitch hydraulic system, OXHULT, Arise (Source: C.C.JENSEN)

Monitoring oil cleanliness in hydraulic pitch systems can help prevent premature failures and needlessly changing oil. Replacing oil based on oil analyses is the optimum way both for the machine and your economy.

A good oil analysis laboratory can interpret the data and indicate whether the oil is suitable for further use. Each result will need to be compared to the baseline and the historic trend, since a stand-alone result doesn’t give much information.

Oil analysis provides the most value if a person is assigned to collect all the oil analysis reports, understand them, and take action.

A log book including levels for the baseline, caution, and critical levels is a great tool. 

HDU 15-­‐25 Installed on a pitch hydraulic system, OXHULT, Arise (Source: C.C.JENSEN)

Parameter

Base line

Caution

Critical

Particle Count (ISO 4406)

15/13/10 (pre-­‐filtered)

17/15/12

19/17/15

Viscosity

32

Low 29 High 35

Low 25 High 38

Acidity (AN)

0.5

1.0 – 1.5

Above 1.5

Moisture (KF)

100

200 – 300

Above 300

Elements in ppm Fe 7

10 – 15

Above 15

Al

2

20 – 30

Above 30

Si

5

10 – 15

Above 15

Cu

5

30 – 40

Above 40

P

300

220

150 and less

Zn

200

150

100 and less

Oxidation (FTIR)

1

5

Above 10

Ferrous Density (WPC, DR)

-­‐

15

Above 20

sion ring oil cleanliness in hydraulic pitch systems can help prevent premature failures and needlessly ng oil. Replacing oil based on oil analyses is the optimum way for both for the machine and your my. A good oil analysis laboratory can interpret the data and indicate whether the oil is suitable for use. Each result will need to be compared to the baseline and the historic trend, since a stand-­‐alone doesn’t give much information.

lysis provides the most value if a person is assigned to collect all the oil analysis reports, understand and take action. A log book including levels for the baseline, caution, and critical levels is a great tool.

Typical Levels For Elements In Hydraulic Fluid Typical Typical Typical Levels Levels Levels For For Typical EFlements or Elements Elements Levels In IH n Iydraulic FH n or ydraulic HEydraulic lements Fluid Fluid IUn sed UHsed ydraulic Used In IW n IW n ind W ind Fluid Tind urbine TSystems urbine U Turbine sed PIitch n Pitch W Pitch Sind ystems Systems TSurbine ystems Pitch Syst Used InFluid Wind Turbine Pitch Normal Normal Normal

Caution Caution Normal Caution

Danger Danger Caution Danger

Water Water Water content content content (ppm) (ppm) Water (ppm) content (ppm)

<200 <200 <200

200-­‐300 200-­‐300 <200 200-­‐300

>300 >300 200-­‐300 >300

Al Al content Al content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Al c ontent (ppm)

<20 <20 <20

20-­‐30 20-­‐30 <20 20-­‐30

>30 >30 20-­‐30 >30

Ca Ca cCa ontent content content (Difference (Difference (Difference Ca content in i% n i) % n ) (%Difference ) in % ) 100 100 100

<70 <70 100 <70

<50 <50 <70 <50

Cr Cr content Cr content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Cr c ontent (ppm)

<10 <10 <10

10-­‐15 10-­‐15 <10 10-­‐15

>15 >15 10-­‐15 >15

Cu Cu cCu ontent content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Cu c ontent (ppm)

<30 <30 <30

30-­‐40 30-­‐40 <30 30-­‐40

>40 >40 30-­‐40 >40

Fe Fe content Fe content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Fe c ontent (ppm)

<10 <10 <10

10 10 <10 -­‐ 10 1-­‐5 1-­‐ 5 1 5

>15 >15 10 >15 -­‐ 15

Mg Mg cMg ontent content content (Dif (Dif (%Dif ) Mg % ) % c) ontent (Dif %)

100 100 100

<70 <70 100 <70

<50 <50 <70 <50

Mo cMo ontent content content (Dif (Dif (pDif pm) Mo ppm) ppm) c ontent (Dif ppm)

4 Mo

<10 <10 <10

10-­‐20 10-­‐20 <10 10-­‐20

>20 >20 10-­‐20 >20

Na Na cNa ontent content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Na c ontent (ppm)

<50 <50 <50

50-­‐80 50-­‐80 <50 50-­‐80

>80 >80 50-­‐80 >80

P cP ontent cP ontent content (Dif (Dif (%Dif ) % ) P % c) ontent (Dif % )

100 100 100

<70 <70 100 <70

<50 <50 <70 <50

Pb Pb cPb ontent content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Pb c ontent (ppm)

<10 <10 <10

10-­‐15 10-­‐15 <10 10-­‐15

>15 >15 10-­‐15 >15

Si Si content Si content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Si c ontent (ppm)

<10 <10 <10

10-­‐15 10-­‐15 <10 10-­‐15

>15 >15 10-­‐15 >15

Sn Sn content Sn content content (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Sn c ontent (ppm)

<10 <10 <10

10-­‐20 10-­‐20 <10 10-­‐20

>20 >20 10-­‐20 >20

Zn Zn content Zn content content (Dif (Dif (%Dif ) %Zn ) % c) ontent (Dif % )

100 100 100

<70 <70 100 <70

<50 <50 <70 <50

CIRCLE 340

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Justin Stover has a CLS, MLA II and AAA in Fluid Power Technology, and more than 18 years of experience working in the Wind Energy Industry.

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

FIGURE IT OUT

QUALITY HYDRAULIC HOSE & ACCESSORIES NEW

Kuriyama Hydraulic Connections Catalog • Includes new Alfabiotech extra flexible and bio oil resistant hydraulic hoses. • New Flexor TR4XF extra flexible SAE 100 R4 oil return hose.

If you have any questions about the details, please contact Robert Sheaf at rjsheaf@cfc-solar.com.

NEW

Quick Release Couplings

THE ASSOCIATION FOR HOSE AND ACCESSORIES DISTRIBUTION

EDITION 1017

New Problem

Steel Scrap Compactor Eject Cylinder Running Slow

Kuriyama Hydraulic Quick Couplers Catalog • For fast and easy connections of hydraulic hoses. • Made from high strength carbon steel with chrome-III zinc plating. • Ideal for agricultural machinery and industrial equipment.

A Kuriyama Group Company

NEW

A Complete Line of Thermoplastic Hydraulic / Specialty Hoses & Fittings

By Robert Sheaf, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPE, CFPS, CFPECS, CFPMT, CFPMIP, CFPMMH, CFPMIH, CFPMM, CFC Industrial Training

»

WE RECEIVED A call from a stamping company complaining about a large compactor’s “ejection cylinder” running slow. When our teammate Brian Szuch arrived, he found the cylinder’s function was also part of the compacting circuit.

After the main ram cylinder reached its maximum extension, the side ejector cylinder was designed to advance at high speed using a regeneration circuit, then slow down when the pressure switch PS-1 was tripped, taking it out of “regen.” When pressure switch PS-2 tripped, the gate cylinder would open the gate and the eject cylinder would eject the bail in high speed “regen.”

The problem was the eject cylinder extending at low speed and only going to high speed when ejecting the bail from the compactor.

Any idea what caused the problem?

S

EDITION 0418

THE ASSOCIATION FOR HOSE AND ACCESSORIES DISTRIBUTION

Piranhaflex Non-Conductive Hydraulic Hoses • Series PF267NC has improved flexural rigidity offering increased flexibility for medium pressure hydraulic oil and lubrication lines.

• Series PFLT364 for medium pressure Hydraulic lines for fork trucks in cold storage applications.

• New P400 Portable Service hose crimper. ™

olution to the previous problem: Concrete truck hydrostatic system overheats when carrying a full load

The reason the larger charge pumps were needed on the concrete trucks was due to increased leakage in the warn pumps and motors. Adding a larger charge pump resolved the low charge pump pressure, but increased the leakage amount as well as the excess GPM dumping over the charge relief valve. Putting larger charge pumps just covered up the real problem of the pumps and motors having excessive leakage to their case.

Visit www.fluidpowerjournal.com to view previous problems.

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Phone: (847) 755-0360 | Fax: (847) 885-0996 360 E. State Parkway • Schaumburg, IL 60173 sales@kuriyama.com

www.kuriyama.com CIRCLE 341

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15

CONTRIBUTING TO

THE FUTURE OF WIND POWER GENERATION

By Andy Smith, Product Group Manager and Daniel Bate, Renewables Sales Manager Trelleborg Offshore

We are witnessing the most exciting period for the renewables industry in real time. As the worldwide demand for renewable energy is growing, companies are independently supporting and driving the innovation of competitive clean power. With many countries across the globe setting goals for renewable energy supply targets, and the completion of the first offshore wind project in the United States, the future of wind power generation is looking bright.

FLOATING VS FIXED So far, the rapid growth in the offshore wind market has been achieved near land, using fixed platforms. These platforms typically use monopile or jacket structures to secure turbines to the seabed. Similar growth is anticipated in offshore floating structures, where turbines are installed on steel or concrete floating foundations, which are moored to the ocean floor. Fixed or floating, these custom-built platforms are specifically designed for the location where they will generate power for the lifetime of the wind farm, but how do they differ?

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MAY 2019

Offshore Bend Stiffeners and Distributed Buoyancy Modules protecting the power cable on an innovative floating wind turbine

The most significant difference between the two structures is the depth at which they can operate. For fixed platforms, their technical and economic viability reduces with increasing water depth, limiting their use to sand banks and coastal waters, up to approximately 50 meters deep. On the other hand, floating platforms can be placed in deeper waters, allowing them to tap into the richer and vast wind resources further offshore. These designs are only subjected to the constraints of long cable tiebacks to the shore. Various countries across Europe and Asia, as well as the U.S., are actively

pursuing the development of floating wind technology in order to substantially increase their wind power generation capacity. Locating future wind farm projects further offshore can also help address the aesthetic challenges whilst better accommodating fishing areas and shipping lanes.

For both fixed and floating wind, the uptake and development of technologies to drive the energy efficiencies, commercial viability, and growth is rapid and exciting. Trelleborgâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s offshore operation has focused on applying its experience and expertise in providing solutions WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM â&#x20AC;˘ WWW.IFPS.ORG

to overcome critical challenges and contribute to this continued growth—particularly with power cable reliability for life of field, and radar interference of offshore wind farms

CRITICAL CABLE PROTECTION In both fixed and floating platform arrangements, the energy generated by the turbines is sent onshore via high voltage subsea power cables. However, these cables are subjected to a variety of motions and loads during their installation and operational lifetime. Due to their location, cable failures or faults can be very costly and severely impact the performance and revenue of a wind farm.

Distributed Buoyancy Modules reduce top tension loads by providing uplift to sections of the riser.

Enhancing Fatigue Protection for Fixed Wind Cables For fixed wind farms, power cables are used to connect the fixed turbines together into an array, which transfers the energy generated back to a substation (i.e., electrical hub of the wind farm) and then to the shore.

The entry and exit point of the power cable at each turbine and substation is of particular importance as waves and tidal currents will induce motions and loads to the cable throughout the life of the field. These effects can cause significant cable fatigue and damage; therefore, protection is required from each entry and exit point to the burial point. In some cases, the burial point can be 20 to 30 meters from the turbine base with a significant free span. Trelleborg’s experience in dynamic cable protection overcomes these issues using tried and tested design methodologies and materials, originally developed within the offshore oil and gas market.

One such solution is Trelleborg’s NjordGuard™.

Both easy to assemble on the vessel and quick and reliable to install subsea, NjordGuard is a cable protection system specifically designed to protect the cable at these entry and exit points.

As an integrated protection system, designed for dynamic service, NjordGuard incorporates Trelleborg’s proven dynamic bend protection methodologies, to not only protect the cable from over-bending, during installation and extreme storm conditions, but crucially to also protect the cable from fatigue under sustained cyclic loading, which is generally the main cause of damage. As with oil and gas and floating wind dynamic bend stiffener products, the NjordGuard system incorporates homogeneous elastomeric cones with geometry and material properties designed to provide a gradual and tailored transition in stiffness from its tip to its base as the cable approaches the fixed entry point. As well as WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

CIRCLE 342

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17

NjordGuard™, a cable protection system developed to protect offshore windfarm power cables.

protecting the cable from over-bending, this gradual increase in stiffness is vital for fatigue protection as it provides continuous support under all load cases, in all directions for the cable, distributing the loads and preventing any sudden stress transitions. In addition to the inherent fatigue mitigation of Njordguard, Trelleborg has also integrated their abrasion and impact resistant product Uraduct® to ensure that the cable does not suffer damage around its burial point.

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bellowstech.com/shop CIRCLE 343

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MAY 2019

Protecting Dynamic Cable Configurations on Floating Platforms In floating wind production environments, power cables are used to connect the floating turbines to the substation and the shore. As with fixed, the offshore environment is also dynamic in nature, placing an increased demand on the power cables. Securing, guiding, and protecting these power cables is therefore of utmost importance. In order to segregate motion near the surface from the deeper cable routing, the product portfolio must expand to incorporate buoyancy modules and bend restrictors alongside the dynamic bend stiffeners and abrasion and impact protection systems integrated on NjordGuard. Bend restrictors being a series of interlocking vertebrae molded from structural polymers and designed to lock out at a given radius, preventing the cable from over-bending.

The protection of cables connecting floating turbines to each other and to the seabed require additional assurance as they experience continuous loads and movement throughout their service life, resulting from the increased degrees of freedom introduced by the dynamic motion of the floating structure itself, in addition to the storm waves and tidal currents seen by the cables on fixed designs.

When modeling and analyzing the cables in this application, there are several established configuration options that can be considered to bring the motions and loads to within manageable levels. In more benign conditions, a free catenary of the cable from the floating turbine down to the seabed may be suitable. However, in increasingly dynamic conditions, as would be experienced toward the deeper end of the continental shelf and beyond, midwater suspension of the cable by means of controlled buoyancy may be necessary.

These configurations include “Lazy Wave,” “Steep Wave,” “Lazy-S,” “Steep-S,” and “Pliant Wave” and have frequently been deployed in the operations offshore. Their selection is dependent on particular field conditions and layout.

Fundamentally, however, each configuration enables an increase in the cable length to improve its compliance relative to the dynamic movement of the floating structure, reducing loads and motions on it to within manageable levels. Means of providing this midwater suspension of the cable is by buoyancy modules specifically distributed at designated positions along the cable. These can be quickly installed onto the cable during the cable lay operation and they do not require mooring or anchoring to the seabed.

In each of the cable configurations, including free catenary, bringing the motions and loads translated into the cables to manageable levels, again, needs to consider suitable WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

bend protection of the cable where it enters the floating structure and terminates on the seabed.

Bend protection devices, like bend restrictors and bend stiffeners, are designed to protect power cables from excessive loads and bending during installation and service.

Both devices: the cable manufacturer’s recom • Maintain

mended Minimum Bend Radius (MBR) during the life of the project suitable load distribution from flexible • Provide

to fixed structures point loading at the termination to • Reduce

within an acceptable level However, the applicable circumstances for each product differs: short-term installation and long-term static • For

loads on the cable, such as on the seabed termination point, bend restrictors would be more applicable, as their interlocking vertebrae lock out at a given radius, protecting it at the maximum extent of bending. However, as it does not “stiffen” the cable, it offers little protection for the cumulative effect of dynamic motion.

• For dynamic applications where the cable is exposed to constant motion, such as on the entry of the cable into the floating turbine, then a bend stiffener is more applicable. As previously

mentioned with regard to NjordGuard, a bend stiffener comprises of a homogeneous elastomeric cone, with geometry and material properties designed to provide a gradual and tailored transition in stiffness from its tip to its base, over the varied cable tensions and angles seen in dynamic motions. Many thousands of Trelleborg dynamic bend stiffeners have been supplied to projects across the globe for over 20 years without any in-service failures. The main drivers for this are the comprehensive design methodology, extensive material qualifications, and rigorous quality control processes during manufacturing.

RADAR INTERFERENCE MITIGATION MATERIALS Wind turbines used for wind farms, regardless of whether they are fixed or floating platforms, can cause interference with radar missions related to air traffic control and weather forecasting on modern radar systems. This interference causes complications that include aircraft ghosting, sometimes called shadowing, false tracking plots, clutter, false storm warnings, as well as hindering meteorological measurements.

In many instances, wind turbine sites are refused planning permission in prime locations, which can cost millions in delays. In

other cases, wind farm sites must scale back their plans and build fewer turbines (thus becoming less economically viable), due to the impact on radar systems. To maintain critical radar missions and accommodate future wind energy development opportunities, forward looking companies like Trelleborg are working to develop new coating technologies to mitigate wind turbine radar interference.

CONCLUSION As the worldwide demand for renewable energy continues to grow, the future of wind power generation continues to evolve. What we envision today for this industry will change drastically over the next couple of years as countries push for clean power generation and visionaries think up innovative ways to meet global expectations.

Forward thinking companies like Trelleborg are willing to step up to the challenge and are excited to take part in the future developments of this industry. 

For further information visit: https://www.trelleborg.com/en/offshore/ markets--and--applications/renewables

Introducing!

•Quality •Price •Now! Directional Control Solenoid Valves & Modulars D03, D05, D07, D08, D10

9S SERIES INVESTMENT CAST SWIVELS The “9S” Series swivels represent one of the most complete range of sizes and configurations available to the industry. This series has been redesigned to incorporate a one piece barrel arrangement thus eliminating the need for braze joints. These swivels are pressure balanced with operating pressures up to 5,000 psi. All configurations are designed with a 4:1 Safety Factor and include RoHS compliant zinc plating.

P.O. Box 6479, Fort Worth, TX 76115 V. 817/923-1965 www.hydraulicsinc.com CIRCLE 344

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NOW STOCKING MANIFOLDS & SUBPLATES & BOLT KITS D03, D05, D08

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PRODUCT SPOTLIGHT Pumps, Compressors and Motors Hydraulic Noise and Shock Suppressor Wilkes and McLean manufactures an In Line Noise and Shock Suppressor for hydraulics and is a stocking distributor of Nacol Accumulators. Our suppressors eliminate pulsations, which greatly reduces noise and vibration from applications from a few gallons up to 200 gallons. We stock all of our suppressor sizes as well as Nacol Accumulators and parts from 1/5 of a pint up to 15 gallons, in our Schaumburg, Illinois facility.

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CIRCLE 367

High Cycle-Life Angle Valve Ares & Zeus 2-way pneumatically actuated angle seat valves are suitable for liquids, gases and steam.

The superior design of the piston is unique to the market, enabling the plug to retract farther from the flow path, ensuring the highest flow capacity. The dual packing design, and a large diameter selfaligning stem insures the highest cycle life. Over 5 million cycles have been achieved.

This competitively priced angle valve series is available in 3/8” to 2” with NPT & Tri-clamp end connections. Body available in bronze or 316SS. Visit our unique valve configurator to build, view, price or order your valve package easily and quickly online.

assuredautomation.com/anglevalve 800-899-0553 • sales@assuredautomation.com CIRCLE 368

Stops Leaking Hydraulic Lines

Electric Clutches for Pumps Ogura produces a wide variety of electric clutches for mobile applications. These clutches provide simple on/off operation for a variety of pumps. Remotely engaging the pump through the clutch reduces drag on engine start-up, increases pump-life and allows multiple pumps to be used off one engine. Various belt types as well as pump shafts can be accommodated.

Ogura Industrial Corp.

100 Randolph Road • Somerset, New Jersey 08873 Phone: 732-271-7361 • Fax: 732-271-7580 www.ogura-clutch.com • info@ogura-clutch.com

Save Time • Save Money Save Labor • Save Oil • No tools required, one hand installation • No expensive hardware needed • No more rags stuffed into hoses • No more messy plastic caps • The

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Betterfit® Elements HYDAC offers a line of high-quality replacement filter elements for most competitor hydraulic and lube filters. With our elements, a great cost to value ratio can be achieved through high dirt holding capacities, low differential pressures and high efficiency absolute filtration ratings.

High Quality, Low Cost 316 Stainless Steel WOG Ball Valves • 1000

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HI5000® Downhole Pressure Transducer

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Having trouble sourcing ISO cylinders?

Call Aignep USA! In our state of the art manufacturing facility in Fairview, TN, Aignep USA manufactures a comprehensive range of ISO cylinder styles, bores, strokes, materials and mounting accessories. We ship standard stroke cylinders within 24 hours and have the capability of producing nonstandard units in a matter of days, not weeks. Call today to get a quote and enjoy same day shipping! www.aignepusa.com 615.771.6650 CIRCLE 374

Custom Modular Connectors Have it your way!

Inserta® Modular Connectors can be made with customer specified porting.

A combination of ports (SAE J518, SAE J1926, and NPTF), in different sizes, may be specified on the same connector. This can result in a real savings in labor, space, connections, and leak points, and contribute to a smartly designed system.

Quantities as low as one are available. Inserta® has added to its machining capacity so that these adapters can be made for quick delivery, and small to medium quantities can often ship within 72 hours or sooner if required.

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YOULI Hydraulic Directional Control Valves Direct Acting Electric Solenoids...now available: Youli directional control valves, rated to 4600psi, monoblock or sectional styles, are now available from stock in Corpus Christi, with electric direct acting solenoids on the MB-4 series, rated to 10GPM. Pneumatic operators are also available on all Youli valves, and also kept in stock. Youli quality is based on 25 years of industrial hydraulic valve manufacturing for the machine tool business in Taiwan. A quality product line with a major commitment to inventory in Corpus Christi, Texas, and offered at competitive prices is making our reputation grow.

Youli-America, a Division of RanFam, LLC Proudly sold through distribution. Please call to be referred.

Contact the company at 1.888.330.8041 or email to service@youli-america.com View basic specifications at www.youli-america.com

Corrosion Resistant Window Sights Stainless steel is resistant to corrosion, rust, and staining.

It maintains its appearance over long periods and minimizes unwanted bonding between parts. Sight glasses enable viewing inside a reservoir, hydraulic line, or machine compartment.

Oil-Rite offers 303 stainless steel window sights with straight or NPT threads. Made in the USA. Oil-Rite Corporation (920) 682-6173 • sales@oilrite.com www.oilrite.com CIRCLE 377

CIRCLE 389

Contact us to showcase your products and services in the Product Spotlight.

This special section is a high-profile area offering productspecific advertising.

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Heavy-Duty Mill Cylinders for: • Induction-Hardened,

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MAY 2019

Genuine Donaldson Internormen-Eaton Velcon-Parker We're hydraulic filter experts. We've been doing it for over 30 years. We're very competitive and happy to serve your needs. If you need hydraulic filter application help, we know the right questions, and we can give you the right answers.

J/T Hydraulics & Service Co. Inc. 1601 W. 25th Street • Houston, TX 77008 Local: 713.984.9727 • Toll Free: 800.591.8280 Fax: 713.861.2250 • www.jthydraulics.com CIRCLE 379

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New—Flat Face Design "TVF" Series Quick Disconnect

D03, D05, D07, D08, D10 Valves and Circuit Stack Modulars Power Valve U.S.A. represents, as factory warehouse and sales office, a Taiwan manufacturer of D03, D05, D07, D08, and D10 valves, and modular circuit stack valves. With inventory in the Corpus Christi warehouse, all products are competitively priced, and machine tool quality. In fact the parent company, Tai Huei Oil Industry Co., Ltd. has been selling valves for over 25 years to the machine tool industry in Taiwan.

All standard AC and DC voltages are available, and all standard spool configurations are in stock. Special spools are available. Pressures to 5000psi and flows from 16GPM (D03) to 211GPM (D10) are standard.

With inventory on the shelf and very competitive pricing, we invite your inquiry.

Power Valve U.S.A. Proudly sold through distribution.

Please call to be referred.

222 S. Navigation Blvd. • Corpus Christi, TX 78405 Contact the company at 713.869.1064 or e-mail to service@powervalveusa.com.

View basic specifications at www.powervalveusa.com

• Up to 6,000 PSI Operating Pressure— Coupled or Uncoupled • Full

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Port Options—Female NPTF, Female SAE O-Ring, Female BSPP, Code 61 & 62 Flange Port/Head P.O. Box 6479 • Fort Worth, TX 76115 817.923.1965 • www.hydraulicsinc.com CIRCLE 381

NACOL Accumulators Wilkes and McLean is the North American distributor for Nacol Accumulators. Nacol Accumulators are the highest quality accumulator and are built to last. They have many features built into their standard accumulators, such as a one piece, no seam pleated bladder and a large top cover for easy bladder change out. They are the best accumulators on the market. Wilkes and McLean keeps stock and repair parts for Nacol accumulators from 1/5 of a pint up to 15 gallons in our Schaumburg, Illinois facility. Wilkes and Mclean also manufactures a hydraulic inline noise and shock suppressor.

Accumulators

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877.534.6445 info@wilkesandmclean.com www.wilkesandmclean.com CIRCLE 382

CIRCLE 378

Marine Duty Electric Clutches Ogura electromagnetic clutches provide a quick and easy engagement of a hydraulic pump, winch drives or other marine components. Available torque range is 100 pound feet to 1500 pound feet with single-face friction designs. Multiple disk units can generate torques over 8,000 pound feet. Large bearings, e-coating and a single piece bi-directional spring provide durability in harsh environments.

Ogura Industrial Corp.

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GPM

Piston Accumulator Piston accumulators are specialized components which offer a wide range of options, allowing them to be customized to suit specific applications. Precisely tuned and equipped for optimum efficiency, they can be used to store hydraulic energy, absorb pressure surges, dampen pulsations, and control flow rates; by means of compressed Nitrogen technology.

G PM CONTROLS

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Metal Bellows Ideal for Mechanical Feedthroughs!

The BellowsTech proprietary diaphragm manufacturing process creates high yield, high strength bellows allowing movement of a tool within a sealed environment under vacuum or positive pressure. BellowsTech can customize size, shape, material, weight, length, and mounting connections to fit any assembly. Learn more.

bellowstech.com/products/applications/mechanical-feedthroughs CIRCLE 385

Better System Design Begins with a Manifold Daman Products provides standard and custom-engineered stainless steel manifold solutions providing strength, durability, and excellent corrosion resistance for demanding applications in harsh environments such as: off-shore, mining, washdown, semiconductor and food manufacturing.

Visit daman.com or call 800.959.7841 to quote your next stainless steel project today.

CIRCLE 386

Adaconn® Port Connectors

Engineered Cable & Hose Carriers Cable carriers maintain the proper bend radius of air, hydraulic and electric lines during repetitive motion. Dynatect designs and manufactures a complete line of plastic, metal, and hybrid cable carriers backed by value-added engineering support. Is weight a concern? Dynatect has the strongest lightweight steel carriers in the industry. Visit Dynatect.com to download 3D models or find a local representative.

Sales@dynatect.com • 800-298-2066 • Dynatect.com

The patented Adaconn® Port Connector provides a compact means to join two flanges or flange ports, when used with AdaflangeTM and AdaflangeportTM Socket Head Flange Adapters. Flange ports of the same or different sizes (or even different SAE codes) may be joined together. Prior to assembly the one piece 4-bolt flanges are kept as captive assemblies that are free to rotate 360 degrees about the longitudinal centerlines to facilitate proper alignment. A link to a video providing additional information may be found on our website at www.adaconn.com.

Adaconn® Blue Bell, Pennsylvania • www.adaconn.com • 215.643.1900 CIRCLE 388

CIRCLE 387

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Stop Compromising Quality for Cost

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Full MTRs and Lot Traceability MAIN Manufacturing Products, Inc. now offers full MTRs and lot traceability on all common flanges. Carbon, stainless, and coppernickel alloy are available. If not part of our 7000+ in-stock products, MAIN can manufacture and ship quickly. 4-5 days is common from our US facility.

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Transforming OUR THINKING ABOUT:

ENERGY UNITS AND VELOCITY

By Dan Helgerson, CFPAI/AJPP, CFPS, CFPECS,

Transforming  our  Thinking  About:  Energy  Units  and  CFPCC Velocity  CFPSD, CFPMT, By  Dan  Helgerson,  CFPAI/AJPP,  CFPS,  CFPECS,  CFPSD,  CFPMT,  CFPCC Â

IN

the previous article, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Transforming Our Thinking About: Energy Units,â&#x20AC;? the energy unit was described as the unit pressure x the unit volume. The 1 cm3 charged with 1 MPa would be 1 cm3/MPa. This is also the description of the Nm. It could consist of 0.25 cm3 at 4 MPa or 10 cm3 at 0.1 MPa. In the U.S. Customary units, 1 in3 charged with 1 psi would be 1 psi/in3, or 1 in.lb. and could consist of 10 in3 at 0.1 psi or 0.25 in3 at 4 psi. We were shown that the Fixed Displacement Transformer (FDT) provided a more efficient way to synchronize the lifting and lowering of two cylinders having the same diameter, but with different loads. The FDT proportioned the energy units to the loads instead of simply proportioning the flow to the loads.

However, dividing and synchronizing flow is not the same as velocity control. The FDT did nothing to limit the speed of the cylinders. The speed was determined by the available flow 26

MAY 2019

In  the  previous  article,  â&#x20AC;&#x153;Transforming  Our  Thinking  About:  Energy  Units,â&#x20AC;?  the  energy  unit  was  described  as  the  unit  pressure  x  the  unit  volume.  The  1  cm3  charged  with  1  MPa  would  be  1  cm3/MPa.  This  is  also  the  description  of  the  Nm.  It  could  consist  of  0.25  cm3  at  4  MPa  or  10  cm3  at  0.1  MPa.  In  the  U.S.  3 the inertia that needs to be overcome; only Customary  units,  1  in3  charged  with  1  psi  would  be  1not  psi/in ,  or  1  in.lb.  and  could  consist  of  10  in3  at  0.1  3 there is also theTransformer  resistance of other forcesasuch psi  or  0.25  in  at  4  psi.  We  were  shown  that  the  Fixed  Displacement  (FDT)  provided   more  In order tothe  start to move a load, an efficient  way  to  synchronize  the  lifting  and  lowering  oas f  tfriction. wo  cylinders  having  same  diameter,  but  w ith  acceleration force must be applied which tishe  different  loads.   The  FDT  proportioned  the  energy  units  to  the  loads  instead  of  simply  proportioning  adequate to overcome all resistive forces. These flow  to  the  loads.   acceleration forces are provided by the energy However,  dividing  and  synchronizing  flow  is  not  the  same  as  velocity  control.   The  FDT  did  nothing  to  units. Pneumatic acceleration forces are typically limit  the  speed  of  the  cylinders.   The  speed  was  determined  by  the  available  flow  rate  from  the  source.   provided by pressurized units of air stored, then The  FDT  proportionally  divided  the  flow  of  energy  units,  but  did  not  change  the  rate  flow.  For  velocity  Hydraulic acceleration control,  the  rate  at  which  the  energy  units  reach  the  released actuators  from must  abreceiver. e  regulated.    forces are provided by energy units stored in an An  object  at  rest  will  stay  at  rest  and  an  object  in  motion  will  stay  in  motion  unless  it  is  acted  on  by  an  accumulator or driven directly by a pump. external  This  resistance  to  proportionally change  is  called  inertia.  When  accelerating  a  load,  there  is  not  only  the  rate fromforce.  the source.

The FDT inertia  that  needs  to  be  overcome;  there  is  also  the  resistance  of  other  forces  such  as  friction.  In  order  divided the flow of energy units, but did not EFFECTIVE PRESSURE pE : The effective presto  start  to  move  a  load,  an  acceleration  force  must  be  applied  which  is  adequate  to  overcome  all  change the rate flow. For velocity control, the sure is the difference between the input pressure resistive  forces.  These  acceleration  forces  are  provided  by  the  energy  units.  Pneumatic  acceleration  rate at which the energy units reach the actua- and the resistive output pressure. According to forces  are  typically  provided  by  pressurized  units  of  air  stored,  then  released  from  a  receiver.  Hydraulic  thein  velocity equations, whendirectly  the acceleration tors must be fregulated. acceleration  orces  are  provided  by  energy  units  stored  an  accumulator  or  driven  by  a  pump.   An object at rest will stay at rest and an object force exactly matches the resistive forces, a steady pressure  pressure  difference  between  the  ainput  and  the  " :  The  effective  inEffective  motion will stay inđ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?motion unless it is acted onis  the  velocity is reached.

With fixedpressure  displacement resistive  output  pressure.  According  to  the  velocity  equations,  when  the  acceleration  force  exactly  by an external force. This resistance to change is motor or a cylinder, there is a discrete effective matches  t he  r esistive  f orces,  a  s teady  v elocity  i s  r eached.  W ith  a  f ixed  d isplacement  m otor  o r  a  c ylinder,  called inertia. When accelerating a load, there is pressure that will produce a specific velocity. there  is  a  discrete  effective  pressure  that  will  produce  a  specific  velocity. Â

Velocity Equation Equation Velocity đ?&#x2018;&#x2030;đ?&#x2018;&#x2030; =

đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; Â đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;đ?&#x2018;&#x2018; ' â&#x20AC;˘ đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?" â&#x20AC;˘ đ??žđ??ž

đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = Â

đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; â&#x20AC;˘ đ??žđ??ž Â đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?" â&#x20AC;˘ đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;đ?&#x2018;&#x2018;,-.

USCustomary Customary US V  =  Linear  Velocity  in./sec  P  =  Horse  Power   d  =  diameter  inches  pE  =  Effective  pressure  psi  K  =  0.000119  N  =  Angular  Velocity  rpm  P  =  Power  HP   disp  =  Displacement  in3  pE  =  Effective  pressure  psi   K  =  396,000 Â

Metric Description Metric Description V  =  Velocity  m/sec  P  =  kW   Linear  Velocity  d  =  diameter  mm  control  pE  =  Effective  pressure  MPa  K  =  0.000783 N  =  Angular  Velocity  rpm  P  =  Power  kW  disp  =  Displacement  cm3  RPM  control   pE  =  Effective  pressure  MPa   K  =  60,000 Â

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM â&#x20AC;˘ WWW.IFPS.ORG However,  the  specific  acceleration  force  is  difficult  to  calculate,  and  it  is  rare  that  the  resistive  forces  are  constant.  To  be  able  to  maintain  velocity,  using  either  pneumatics  or  hydraulics,  we  supply  more  energy Â

One of the driving forces behind the development of the Variable Displacement Transformer (VDT) is its ability to provide the necessary resistive forces without consuming the extra energy.

How does the VDT work? When used for velocity control, the

HOW DOES THE VDT WORK? When used for velocity control, the VDT functions as a type of regenerative circuit. Most of us are familiar with regeneration circuits with cylinders. Using a 2:1 cylinder where the same pressurized fluid is directed to both the blind and rod ends, the cylinder will extend at twice the speed, but with half the force (Fig. 1). Regeneration doubled the flow to the cylinder, but no new energy was added. Doubling the speed requires a corresponding reduction in force. Every energy unit received from the source is used, but has been transformed to increase velocity.

The FDT can be used to regenerate the flow from a fluid motor (Fig. 2) and looking at the characteristics of the FDT will lay a foundation for understanding the VDT. Using a 50/50 FDT, half the motor exhaust is directed to atmosphere, and half is returned to the inlet, doubling the speed and halving the torque. Power-in must equal power-out and the FDT functioned as a pressure intensifier with flow Q4 exhausting to atmosphere: p2 x Q3 = p1 x Q2. Q2 = 0.5 Q3. Substituting, p2 x Q3 = 0.5p1 x Q3. p2 = 0.5p1. The FDT causes p2 to apply a resistive pressure on the WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

A1 = 2 x A2 However, the specific acceleration force is VDT functions as a type of regenerative circuit. Most of us are familiar regeneration difficult towith calculate, and itcircuits is rarewith thatcylinders. the resis- Using a 2:1 A2 the same pressurized is directed to both tivecylinder forces where are constant.

To be able tofluid maintain A1 the blind and rod ends, the cylinder will extend at twice the velocity, using either pneumatics or hydraulics, speed, but with half the force (Fig. 1). Regeneration doubled we supply more energy units than are required the flow to the cylinder, but no new energy was added. by the load, the thenspeed add arequires controlled resistive loadreduction in Doubling a corresponding to counteract the excess acceleration.

Typically, force. Every energy unit received from the source is used, but Q2 Q3 has been orifices transformed o increase velocity. extra metering are tused to resist the Q1 energy units, The FDT can bcontrol e used to acceleration, regenerate the fand low flimit rom a fluid motor Regeneration Pneumatic velocity.

These metering orifices may beof inthe the (Fig. 2) and looking at the characteristics FDT will lay a foundation for understanding the VDT. Using a 50/50 FDT, half form of a simple disc with a drilled hole, a needle Fig.1 the amotor directed to atmosphere, valve, flow exhaust controlis with a bypass check, or and half is Fig. 1 returned compensated to the inlet, doubling the speed and halving the a pressure flow control where torque. Power-­‐in must equal power-­‐out and the FDT varying pressure differences will not change functioned as a pressure intensifier with flow Q4 the actuator velocity. These devices enable us exhausting to atmosphere: p2 x Q3 = p1 x Q2. Q2 = 0.5 to maintain velocity control while providing Q3. Substituting, p2 x Q3 = 0.5p1 x Q3. p2 = 0.5p1. The FDT causes p2 to apply a resistive pressure on the units of fluid, either stored or directly driven, motor that is half the input pressure. The resistive at higher than load pressures, in order to feed pressure is not wasted as heat, but instead, is used to multiple actuators at varying pressures. drive the FDT and add half the flow to the inlet of the With pneumatics, meter-out orifices conmotor. sume the extra energy units as the restive orifice The VDT can do what the FDT cannot do. With a exhausts the gas to atmosphere, allowing the air variable flow source such as from a receiver, a variable molecules to regain the heat lost in compression. pump, or an accumulator, the VDT infinitely adjusts the The extra hydraulic energy units are consumed proportioning of the energy units to match the desired as the volume passes across the orifices and velocity of the actuator (see Fig. 3). the excess energy, in the form of pressure, is The VDT is controlled by sensing the rpm or linear removed as heat. In both cases, the extra energy becomes wasted energy.

One of the driving forces behind the development of the Variable Displacement Transformer (VDT) is its ability to provide the necessary resistive forces without consuming the extra energy.

Re (Fig. 2) and looking at the characteristics of the FDT will lay a foundation for understanding the VDT. Using a 50/50 FDT, half the motor exhaust is directed to atmosphere, and half is returned to the inlet, doubling the speed and halving the torque. Power-­‐in must functioned as a press exhausting to atmosphe Q3. Substituting, p2 x Q FDT causes p2 to appl motor that is half the pressure is not wasted drive the FDT and add h motor.

Fig. 2

The VDT can do what variable flow source suc pump, or an accumulato proportioning of the ene velocity of the actuator ( The VDT is controlled

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đ??žđ??ž   and  rpm torque  N  =  rpm   N  =  rpm   đ??žđ??ž đ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021; â&#x20AC;˘ đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; â&#x20AC;˘=đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018;  9,549 T  =  Tđ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021;orque  T  =see  T=orque  T  =an   Torque  T  =  Torque  based  on  Power  based  on  =that  3,025  K  =  9Power  ,549 in.lb.  Nm  K  =  63,025  We  K   K    96,549 =  6K  3,025  K  in.lb.  =effective   9,549Nm  pressure  of  10.05  đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = K  =   63,025  đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192;K  =  torque  and  rpm torque  and  N  =  Power  rpm  N  =(given   rpm  N  =  w rpm   N  r=pm.   rpm  đ??žđ??ž đ??žđ??ž  calculate  p2  power  From  rpm,  equation,  the  torque  and  rpm,  we  the  to  be  13  rpm kW  (17.4  hp).  MPa  1458  p  si)  ill  eto  quate  to  13  1550    calculate  From  the  Power  equation,  given  the  Power  torque  and  we  the  power  be  kW  (17.4  hp).  From  the  equation,  given  the  torque  and  calculate  the  to  be  kW  (17.4  hp).  hp).  From  the  Power  equation,  given  the  the  torque  and  rpm,  calculate  the  power  to  be  13  13  kW  (17.4  K  =  63,025  K  we  =  6rpm,  3,025  K  we  =  9,549 K  power  =  93,549 0â&#x20AC;˘1 0â&#x20AC;˘1 0â&#x20AC;˘1 Inserting  the  known  power  imotor  nto  the  e  quation  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?rpm,   0â&#x20AC;˘1 The  will  require  502.7  cm to  /MPa  " = motor thatthe  is half the input pressure. resistive Inserting  te he  known  pthe ower  igiven  nto  the  quation  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?given  = From  Power  equation,  From  the  Power  the  torque  and  the  we  torque  calculate  and  the  power  we  the  kW  power  (17.4  hp).  to  be  13  kW  (17.4  hp).  2â&#x20AC;˘3calculate  Inserting  kInserting  nown  power  nto  tThe he  quation   eđ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?equation,  " rpm,  456 be  13  the  kinown  pthe  ower  into  tđ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? he  eequation quation   2â&#x20AC;˘3 " = " = energy  Q3  456 (4,447  in.lb.)  to  rotate  1  units Â

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2â&#x20AC;˘3456 0â&#x20AC;˘1 2â&#x20AC;˘3456 0â&#x20AC;˘1 pressure is not wasted as heat, Inserting  but instead, is Inserting  the  known  power  into  the  the  known  equation  power  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?revolution.  = the  eHowever,  quation   đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?if  = pump   supplies  "into  " the  7=.;â&#x20AC;˘?8,<': 2â&#x20AC;˘3456 2â&#x20AC;˘3456 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘?8,<': 78â&#x20AC;˘9:;9 đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?cm Q3  used to drive the FDT and add half 78â&#x20AC;˘9:;9 the flow to " 3= 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘?8,<': all  the  flow,  it  will  send  1,000  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?   "     =   =     1   ,458  p/MPa  si  7::<â&#x20AC;˘8.<:   =  1,458  psi  7=.;â&#x20AC;˘?8,<': đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? =  =  1 0.05  M Pa                                         " 7::<â&#x20AC;˘8.<:  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? =  =  1 0.05  M Pa                                                    78â&#x20AC;˘9:;9 đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? =  =  1 ,458  p si  7::<â&#x20AC;˘:< 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘?8,<': 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘?8,<': 78â&#x20AC;˘9:;9 đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? =  =  1 ,458  p si  "  " inlet of the  =motor. "  psi  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?7::<â&#x20AC;˘8.<:  =  =  1đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?,458  =  psi   =VDT  1,458  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?the 0.05  MPa    =    1  đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?  0.05      =  7::<â&#x20AC;˘:<    78â&#x20AC;˘9:;9  M     Pa         =     1   0.05     đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;?     M  =   Pa    78â&#x20AC;˘9:;9                          =       1     7::<â&#x20AC;˘8.<:     energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  " = 7::<â&#x20AC;˘:<đ?&#x2018;?đ?&#x2018;? "  1= 0.05                  M        Pa                   cm   "    3   /MPa        7::<â&#x20AC;˘8.<:      energy               units           "  (4,398     7::<â&#x20AC;˘8.<:  Q2  " cannot " Then in.lb.)  0â&#x20AC;˘1 7::<â&#x20AC;˘:< The VDT can do what the FDT plugging the p    E  497.5  into the angular velocity 7::<â&#x20AC;˘:<do.

7::<â&#x20AC;˘:< 0â&#x20AC;˘1 equation  lugging  Then  p t he  p t he  a ngular  v elocity   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; =  ,       E  into  Then  plugging  the  pE  into  the  angular  velocity  equation  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; be  =removed   ,as      heat,  either   456 .A â&#x20AC;˘3 will  have  to  p1  0â&#x20AC;˘1 0â&#x20AC;˘1 0â&#x20AC;˘1 . â&#x20AC;˘3 0â&#x20AC;˘1 equation With a variable flow source such aslugging  fromthe  a p Then  A 456  into  pthe  angular  elocity  he  quation a   ngular   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; v= elocity  eafter  quation  ,      (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = the   ,     Then  plugging  the  ppElugging   into  the  aThen  ngular  velocity  quation  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; the  =evpquation   ,,đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018;   = before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  or  Ee E  into  te Then  the  pE  pinto  the  angular  vlugging  elocity   ,    Q4  .A â&#x20AC;˘3456 .A â&#x20AC;˘37=.;â&#x20AC;˘89?,<<< Q1  456 78â&#x20AC;˘?<,<<< .A â&#x20AC;˘3456 â&#x20AC;˘3 receiver, a variable pump, or an accumulator, 456 78â&#x20AC;˘?<,<<< motor.  is  7=.;â&#x20AC;˘89?,<<< the  effect  of  using  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = = 1550  rpm  This   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; .A= đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; =rthe  =1550  rpm  Variable  input  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = = 1550  r pm   =1550  pm  7<.<:â&#x20AC;˘:< 7;:Eâ&#x20AC;˘8.<: 78â&#x20AC;˘?<,<<< 78â&#x20AC;˘?<,<<< 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘89?,<<< 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘89?,<<< the VDT infinitely adjusts the proportioning orifice.  7;:Eâ&#x20AC;˘8.<: 7<.<:â&#x20AC;˘:< of pressure  and  f low  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018;  =rpm   = 1550  rrestrictive  pm   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = =1550  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; =  rpm  =1550  rpm  78â&#x20AC;˘?<,<<< 7=.;â&#x20AC;˘89?,<<< 78â&#x20AC;˘?<,<<< đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = 7<.<:â&#x20AC;˘:< = 1550  7=.;â&#x20AC;˘89?,<<< 7<.<:â&#x20AC;˘:< 7;:Eâ&#x20AC;˘8.<: 7;:Eâ&#x20AC;˘8.<:  =  1550   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = ==match 1550  rpm  đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = =1550  rpm  the energy units to the desired velocity đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; r pm   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; = =1550  r pm  Velocity  C ontrol  with  VDT  The  VDT  provides  the  necessary  resistance  7<.<:â&#x20AC;˘:< 7;:Eâ&#x20AC;˘8.<:pressure  We  that  an  of  10.05    see   7;:Eâ&#x20AC;˘8.<: 7<.<:â&#x20AC;˘:<We   see  that  an  effective  pressure  of  effective  10.05  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  We see that an effective pressure of 10.05 MPa of Hydraulic  We  see  that  an  effective  We  see  pressure  that  an  of  effective  10.05  pressure  of  10.05   the actuator  (see Fig. 3). MPa   p2   to  1550  p2 MPa  (t1458  psi)  will   equate  rpm.    (1458  psi)  w ill  equate  o  1550  rpm.  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  (1458 psi) will equate to 1550 rpm.

VDT is controlled by sensing the rpm or p2   p2  MPa  ( 1458  p si)  w ill  e MPa  quate  ( 1458  t o  1 550  p si)  r w pm.  ill  e quate   t o  1 550  r pm.  Fig.3  Fig. 3 We  The see  that  an  effective  pressure  of  10.05  We  see  that  an  effective  pressure  of  10.05  3 VDT  as  an  intensifier,  used  502.7  to  drive  the  3 require The  will  require  /MPa  linear velocity of an actuator. Then, it provides Themotor  motor will 502.7 cm33cm /MPa energy The  motor  502.7  cm  3require  /MPa  p2 returning  the  /MPa  energy  units  to  the  motor  p2  MPa  (1458  psi)  will  (1458  equate  to  1ill  550  rpm.  will   o  1require  motor  require  The  motor  502.7  will  cm /MPa  502.7  cm MPa  psi)  wThe  equate  twill  550  r pm.   Q3  energy  units  (4,447  in.lb.)  to  rotate  1  a resistive load which produces an effective units (4,447 in.lb.) to1  rotate 1 revolution.

HowQ3  cm3  (Q1)  at  2Q3 energy  units  (4,447  in.lb.)  to  rotate  inlet.   T he  p ump  s upplies  2  5.13  0  M  Pa  (p1)  (502.7  cm3/MPa)  to  power  the  motor  and  24.87  Q3 energy  units  (4,447  energy  in.lb.)  units  to  rotate  (4,447  1  in.lb.)  3 to  rotate  1  3 revolution.  However,  if  the  pump  supplies  3 3 pressure (p1-p2) to match thewill  load, butcm instead ever, if the pump supplies the flow, it will send energy units to the motor inlet.

The pump supcm all  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm  from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05  revolution.  However,  if  the  pump  supplies  The  motor  will  require  502.7  /MPa  The  motor  require  502.7  /MPa  revolution.  However,  revolution.  if  cm the  pump  However,  supplies  if  the  pump  supplies  3 Q3  3 3 3 3will  send  all  the  flow,  it  1,000  cm /MPa  3 3Q3  Q3  MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  3 3 Q3  of consuming the extra energy, the unneeded 1,000 cm /MPa energy units (8,845 in.lb.) to the plies 25.13 cm (Q1) at 20 MPa (p1) (502.7 cm / all  the  flow,  it  will  send  1,000  cm /MPa  Q3  all  the  flow,  it  will  all  send  the  flow,  1,000  it  cm will  /MPa  send  1,000  cm /MPa  Q3  energy  units  energy  (4,447  in.lb.)  to  rotate  1  units  (4,447  in.lb.)  to  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  rotate  1   VDT   to power the motor and 24.87 cm3 from   (4,398 energy units are returned to the actuator inlet. energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  motor and 497.5 cm3/MPa energy units MPa) energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  VDT  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  VDT  VDT  3 revolution.  However,  if  the  pump  if  supplies  497.5  revolution.  However,  supplies  Q2  3 3 the  pump  cm 3 /MPa  energy  units  (4,398  in.lb.)  Q2   (Q2) toQ2  Q3  497.5  units  (4,398  in.lb.)  497.5  cm/MPa  /MPa  energy  497.5  units  cm /MPa  (4,398  energy  in.lb.)  (4,398  asin.lb.)  Only the energy units needed to docm the in.lb.) have to beunits  removed heat, either Q2the VDT achieve 3workenergy  3will Q3  the velocity. The VDT all  the  flow,  all  it  the  will  send  1,000  cm /MPa   will  have  to  be  removed  as  heat,  either  p1  to  flow,  it  will  send  1,000  cm /MPa  velocity  f  hen,  an  (meter-in) aictuator.  it  w rovides  aweither   rhich  esistive  lhich  oad  w hich  pw roduces  an  3 efrom pmotor ressure  (p1-­â&#x20AC;?p2)  o  MPa velocity  an  ahave  ctuator.  ovelocity  f  to  ato  n  Tahen,  ctuator.  f  removed  it  awill  n  pbefore rovides  velocity  aoTctuator.  at  oto   prf  Tesistive  rovides  ahen,  n  actuator.  iTeither  t  hen,  plaoad  rovides   after resistive  Tphen,  rload  ipesistive  t  roduces  provides  lthe oad  apn  aroduces   motor. erwesistive  paroduces  ln  poad  ressure  effective  hich  an  (50 p1-­â&#x20AC;?p2)  epffective  ressure  roduces  tffective  o  pp1 (p1-­â&#x20AC;?p2)  ressure  an  ffective  t  o  (p1-­â&#x20AC;?p2)  pressure  to   hich   ffective   a  heat,  will  have  be  oremoved  have  heat,  be  removed  either  as   ep1 p110.05  (tp1-­â&#x20AC;?p2)  be  as  heat,  are drawn from the velocity  source. oAf  will  desired velocity, or (meter-out) receives cm the (Q3) at  before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  or  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the  match  the  load,  but  instead  of  consuming  the  extra  energy,  the  unneeded  energy  units  are  returned  to  match  the  load,  but  instead  of  consuming  the  extra  energy,  the  unneeded  energy  units  are  returned  to  match  the  load,  but  instead  of  consuming  the  extra  energy,  the  unneeded  energy  units  are  returned  to  match  the  load,  but  instead  of  consuming  the  extra  energy,  the  unneeded  energy  units  are  returned  to  match  the  load,  but  instead  of  consuming  the  extra  energy,  the  unneeded  energy  units  are  returned  to  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and   VDT  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  or  before  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  after  the  3 VDT  Q1cm before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the  Q1flow,  angular or3linear, can be established by the VDT or  This is(meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  the effector  ofthe  using  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the restrictive (p2), sends 24.87 the  input Q4orifice.   Q4  Q4  Q1(Q2) Q4  to joinQ1 3 units  motor.  This  is  the  the  effect  using  the  the  actuator  inlet.  Only  the  energy  units  needed  to  do  the  work  are  drawn  from  the  source.  A  desired  the  actuator  inlet.  Only  the  energy  units  needed  to  do  the  work  are  drawn  from  the  source.  A  desired  the  actuator  inlet.  Only  the  energy  units  needed  to  do  the  work  are  drawn  from  the  source.  A  desired  the  actuator  inlet.  Only  the  energy  units  needed  to  do  the  work  are  drawn  from  the  source.  A  desired  the  actuator  inlet.  Only  the  energy  units  needed  to  do  the  work  are  drawn  from  the  source.  A  desired  Q2  motor.  This  is  the  the  motor.  effect  in.lb.)  This  of  using  is  the  effect  of  of  using  the  Q2  497.5  cm /MPa  energy  (4,398  in.lb.)  3Variable  input  motor.  This  is  effect  of  using  the  497.5  cm /MPa  energy  units  (4,398  Variable  i nput  Variable  i nput  without the use of a restrictive orifice.

The VDT provides the necessary resistance and directs 25.13 cm (Q4) to the reservoir. Only if  nput  restrictive  velocity,  ngular  oongular  r  rifice.  inear,  bw e  stablished  bVy  DT  DT  woithout  tithout  he  ua  se  f  rifice.  au  rse  estrictive  oa  nd  rifice.  velocity,  angular  velocity,  or  velocity,  lainear,  ngular  can  oar  ngular  lbinear,  e  velocity,  eastablished  ocr  an  linear,  e  elbstablished  cy  an  the  b oe  r  cVlean  inear,  DT  stablished  y  ithout  teche  an  VbDT  e  bty  he  ew tstablished  he  uithout  se  otf  he  atwhe   rVithout  bestrictive  y  upressure  se  the  tV f  Variable  he  DT  a  oruestrictive  rifice.  w se  olow  restrictive  toohe  o  af  ond  arifice.   rfestrictive   f lowo   rifice.   restrictive  oeither  rifice.  restrictive  obarifice.  pressure  restrictive  orifice.  pressure  low will  For have  to  will  be  removed  as  heat,   pressure, but instead of dishave  to  be  removed  as  heat,  either  input p1  were example: Given a pressure compensated to  the excess theand  energy units taken from the pressure  afp1 nd   f  low  needed Velocity  C ontrol  Velocity  wmotor  ith  VDT  Ca  Vontrol  wwith  ith  both Va  w DT  Velocity  ith  Vresistance DT  The  VDT  provides  the  The  necessary  VDT  provides  resistance  the  necessary  resistance  The  VDT  provides  the  necessary  resistance  For  example:  Given  a  pressure  compensated  pump  set  at  20  MPa  (2,900  psi),  a  motor  with  a  with  For  example:  For  Given  example:  For  a  example:  pressure  Given  a  For  Given  compensated  pressure  example:  a  pressure  compensated  Given  pump  compensated  a  heat, set  pressure  pump  at  20  energy set  compensated  MPa  pump  at  (2,900  set  MPa  at  psi),  pump  20  (2,900  a  MPa  set  psi),  (2,900  at  with  20  motor  psi),  MPa  a  Control  a  (2,900  motor  psi),  with  a  motor  before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the  pump set at 20 MPa or  (2,900 psi), a motor with a the  carding the energy as the is20  used pump.

The VDT provided thea  and a  Velocity  C ontrol  w ith  DT  before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  or  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the  The  VDT  provides  necessary  resistance  Q4  Q1  Q4  Q1  1rpm  3 3 3 3 3 33 33 3 3 3 to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  displacement  o f  5 0  c m  ( 3.4  i n ),  a  t orque  l oad  o f  8 0  N m  ( 708  i n.lb.),  a nd  a n  r pm  o f  550,  w hat  w ould  b e  Hydraulic  Hydraulic  displacement  displacement  o f  5 0  displacement  c m  ( 3.4  o f  5 i 0  n c ),  m a displacement  o  t f  ( 3.4  orque  5 0  c i n m ),  l oad   ( a 3.4   t orque  o i f  n 8 5 ),  0  a N c l oad   m m  t orque   ( ( 708  o 3.4  f  8 i l 0  n oad  n.lb.),  N ),  m  a o  ( f  t 708  a orque  8 nd  0  N i a n.lb.),  m  n  l oad  r ( pm  708  a o nd  o i f  n.lb.),  f  8 1 a 0  550,  n  N r m  pm  a nd  w ( 708  hat  o a f  n  1 i w 550,  n.lb.),  r pm  ould  o w f  a b hat  1 nd  e  550,  w a n  ould  w hat  b o e  w f  ould  1 550,  b w e  hat  w ould  be  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  Hydraulic  (3.4 inis  ),of  athe  torque load drive the VDT as an intensifier, returning theHydraulic the additional flow to produce the 1550 RPM. ď Ź displacement of cm This  motor.  This  motor.  is  50the  effect  using  the  effect  of  tousing  the  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of   Variable  input  Variable  i nput  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  the  e ffective  p ressure  t o  c ontrol  t he  pm  w ithout  a  r estrictive  o rifice?  the  e ffective  the  p ressure  e ffective  the  t o  e p ffective  c ressure  ontrol  p t t the  he  ressure  o  c r ontrol  e pm  ffective  w t o  ithout  t he  c ontrol  p r ressure  pm  a  r w t estrictive  he  ithout  t r o  pm  c ontrol  a w  o r ithout  estrictive  rifice?  t he  a r  pm  r estrictive  o rifice?  w ithout  o rifice?  a  r estrictive  o rifice?  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  of 80 Nm (708 in.lb.), and oan rpm of 1550, what Fig.3  Fig.3  Fig.3  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  restrictive  orifice.  restrictive  rifice.  pressure  and  f low  Fig.3a  nd  f low  used  to  drive  the  used  VDT  to  as  an  intensifier,  the  VDT  as  as  an  an  intensifier,  pressure  used  to  drive  drive  the  VDT  intensifier,  would be the effective pressure to control the If youDescription have Description any questions, please used  to  drive  the  VDT  as  an  intensifier,  Equation US Customary Metric Description Equation US Customary Metric Equation Equation Equation US Customary Equation US Customary US Customary US Metric Customary Metric Metric Description Description Metric Description returning  the  energy  returning  units  to  the  the  energy  motor  units  to  the  the  motor  Velocity  C ontrol  w   ith  V DT  returning  the  energy  units  to  motor  Velocity  C ontrol  w ith  The  provides  the  provides  necessary  resistance  rpmVDT  without aThe  restrictive orifice?

3 P  motor  3  Power  3P  3 VDT  VDT  the  necessary  resistance  contact Dan returning  the  energy  units  to  the  P  =  P ower    P  =  P ower  P  =  P ower  P   =   P ower  =  P   ower  P  =  P   ower  P  = P  =  P ower  =  P ower  P  =  P ower  H P k W  H P H P H P k W  H P k W  k W  k W  inlet.   The  pump  supplies  inlet.   2T5.13  he  pump  cm  (sQ1)  upplies  at  20  25.13  MPa  c(p1)  m  ((Q1)  502.7  2m 0  M /MPa)  Pa  (p1)  to  (p502.7  ower  ctm he  /MPa)  motor  o  nd  power  24.87  the  motor  aHelgerson nd  24.87  at 3 at  c 3 ta 3 3 M3Pa  (p1)  (502.7  cm 3/MPa)  to  power  the  motor  and  24.87  inlet.   đ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021; TT  he  pm ump  sđ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; upplies  2orque  5.13  cTm  502.7  (Q1)  act  T  2=0  3â&#x20AC;˘ đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; From the Power equation, given â&#x20AC;˘ đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021; â&#x20AC;˘3  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm đ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021; â&#x20AC;˘ đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021; â&#x20AC;˘ T  =  T T  =  T orque  Power  b ased  obn  ased  on  Visit to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  =cm  Tđ?&#x2018;&#x2021;đ?&#x2018;&#x2021; orque  =  T orque  T  =  orque  T  =  T orque  T  =  T orque  T  =  T orque   T orque  Power  T  = b  T ased  orque  Power  o n  b ased  Power  o n  b ased  o Power  n  inlet.   đ?&#x2018; đ?&#x2018; Tthe he  torque pump  sT  upplies  2 5.13  c  ( Q1)  a t  2 0  M Pa  ( p1)  ( m /MPa)  t o  p ower  t he  m otor  a nd  2 4.87  Dan@DanHelgerson.com. i n.lb.  N m  Hydraulic  i n.lb.  i n.lb.  i n.lb.  N m  i n.lb.  N m  N m  N m  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm  from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05   from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05  Hydraulic  3 đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; 3= đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = 3  đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; = đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192;  = cm  đ?&#x2018;&#x192;đ?&#x2018;&#x192; =   N  3=  rpm    from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05  atorque  nd  rpmand  rpm N  =  33  torque  rpm  N   =a  rnd  torque  rpm a3  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  nd  torque  rpmtorque  and  rpm  rpm   3  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm N  đ??žđ??ž=  rpm  đ??žđ??ž  N  =  rpm  N    (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm =  rpm  N  =  rpm  N  =   rpm   N  =  rpm  pm   and rpm, we discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  calculate the power www.fluidpowerjournal.com to cmMPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm  from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05  đ??žđ??žto be 13 kW đ??žđ??ž N  =MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm đ??žđ??ž  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  3 3 3 K  =  63,025  3 K  =  9,549  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  K  =K   6=3,025  K  =  9  ,549 K  =  6MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm 3,025    (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm 9,549 K  Fig.3 =  63,025  9,549 K  =  63,025  K  =   9,549K  =  Fig.3 MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  read Dan's previous articles.

(17.4 hp).

Inserting theVDT  known power into used  to  drive  the  as  an  intensifier,  used  From  to  drive  the  the  VDT  as  an  intensifier,  From  the  Power  given  the  torque  and  rpm,  we  calculate  the  13  power  to  be  13  kW  (17.4  hp).  the  Power  From  equation,  From  Power  the  given  equation,  Power  From  the  equation,  torque  given  the  equation,  Power  the  and  given  torque  rpm,  equation,  the  we  and  torque  calculate  given  rpm,  and  we  the  the  rpm,  calculate  torque  power  we  and  calculate  the  to  rpm,  be  power  13  the  we  kW  to  calculate  power  (17.4  be  to  hp).  kW  the  be  (17.4  13  power  kW  hp).  to  (17.4  be  hp).  13  kW  (17.4  hp). Â

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FLOW EZY FILTERS Magnetic Filtration

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STOCK p2   p2  p2  p2  MPa  1458  pt(si)  ill  pesi)  550    tro  pm.   p2 MPa  (Pumps 1458  MPa  psi)  w (1458  ill  eMPa  quate  pIN si)  (1458  wto  ill  1e(p550  quate  si)  MPa  w rpm.  ill  o  e1458  quate  1  w550  rquate  tpm.  o  w1ill  550   eto  quate  r1pm.  1550  rpm.  AC/DC Power Unit 3 3 3 3 3 Jump Size, Customs, Specials The  motor  will  require  502.7  cm /MPa  The  motor  The  will  motor  require  The  will  motor  502.7  require  will  The  cmrequire  motor  502.7  /MPa  cm will  502.7  /MPa  require  cm /MPa  502.7  cm /MPa  Strainers, Breathers, Q3  Q3  Q3  Q3 Q3  most energy  units  (4,447  in.lb.)  to  rotate  1  energy  units  energy  (4,447  energy  units  in.lb.)  (4,447  units  to  energy  in.lb.)  (4,447  rotate  units  to  in.lb.)  1  rotate  (4,447  to  1  rotate  in.lb.)  1  to  rotate  1  It  is the Magnetic filtration operating principle: Level Gauges

revolution.  However,  if  the  pump  revolution.  revolution.  However,  revolution.  if  However,  the  pump  However,  revolution.  if  the  supplies  pump  if  the  However,  supplies  pump  if  supplies  the  supplies  pump  supplies  effective ofcmremoving ferrous particles fromQ3  3 3 3 3 Q3  Q3  Q3  Q3  all  flow,  the  means flow,  it  flow,  will  send  cm /MPa  all  the  flow,  all  the  it  will  flow,  all  send  the  it  will  1,000  send  all  it  cm the  will  /MPa  1,000  send  it  1,000  /MPa  will  1,000  cm send  /MPa  1,000  cm3/MPa       industrial fluids. energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  energy  units  (8,845  in.lb.)  to  the  motor  and  VDT  VDT  VDT  VDT  VDT  3 3 3 3 Q2  Q2  Q2  Q2  Q2  497.5  cm /MPa  energy  units  in.lb.)  497.5  cm3/MPa  497.5  energy  cm497.5  /MPa  cm energy  /MPa  (4,398  497.5  units  energy  in.lb.)  cm(4,398  /MPa  units  in.lb.)  energy  (4,398  in.lb.)  units  (4,398  ď&#x201A;ˇunits  For pressures up (4,398  to 1160 psiin.lb.)    either   as  either   either   will  as  have  be  heat,  removed  as  heat,  will  have  will  to  be  have  removed  will  to  have  be  removed  to  heat,  will  be  to  removed  have  either  as  to  be  as  removed  heat,  either  heat,  p1  p1  p1  p1  p1  ď&#x201A;ˇbefore  High intensity rare magnetic material (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  or  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the  before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  before  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  or  before  after  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  or  before  after  or  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?in)  the  after  the  or  after  earth the  (meter-­â&#x20AC;?out)  the   Q1Q4 Q4  filtration Q4  operating Q4  Q4   It isQ1 Q1effective  Q1  means Q1  Magnetic principle: the  most This  the  of  using  motor.  This  motor.  is  the  This  motor.  effect  This  the  of  motor.  effect  is  using  the  is  of  the  This  effect  using  is  effect  of  the  the  using  effect  the  of  the  using  the  ď&#x201A;ˇis  motor.  Sub-micron filtration Variable  input  input  nput  Variable  from input  Variable  input  Variable  of removing Variable  ferrous iparticles industrial fluids. orifice.  ofor restrictive  orestrictive  rifice.  restrictive  orifice.  oSuitable rifice.  restrictive  rifice.  pressure  and  pressure  and  pressure  f low  apressure  nd  f low  and  f low pressure   f lowa  nd  f low  ď&#x201A;ˇrestrictive  all machining operations â&#x20AC;˘ For pressures up to 1160 psi

â&#x20AC;˘ Environmentally

Velocity  CV ontrol  w ith  Vw DT  â&#x20AC;˘ High intensity earth Velocity  Velocity  Control  Velocity  w Crare ith  ontrol  VDT  Cw ontrol  Velocity  ith  DT  with  Cresponsible ontrol  VDT  ith  VDT  VDT  provides  the  necessary  resistance  The  VDT  provides  The  VDT  the  The  provides  necessary  VDT  the  The  necessary  resistance  VDT  the  provides  necessary  resistance  the  resistance  necessary  resistance  ď&#x201A;ˇThe  provides  Environmentally responsible magnetic material â&#x20AC;˘ No consumables to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  to  the  excess  input  pressure,  but  instead  of  Hydraulic  Hydraulic Hydraulic  Hydraulic   Hydraulic  â&#x20AC;˘ Sub-micron filtration â&#x20AC;˘ Can be cleaned in 30 ď&#x201A;ˇdiscarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  No consumables â&#x20AC;˘ Suitable for all machining seconds (tools included) discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  discarding  the  energy  as  heat,  the  energy  is  1MM SERIES Fig.3 Fig.3  Fig.3  Fig.3  operations Can be cleaned in seconds (tools included)  Fig.3  used  to  drive  the  VDT  an  30 intensifier,  used  to  drive  used  the  to  used  drive  VDT  ď&#x201A;ˇto  as  the  drive  an  VDT  used  intensifier,  the  as  to  VDT  an  drive  intensifier,  as  the  an  as  intensifier,  VDT  as  an  intensifier,  GROUP 1 MOTORS ARE AVAILABLE IN STOCK! returning  the  energy  units  to  the  motor  returning  the  returning  energy  returning  the  units  energy  to  the  returning  the  units  energy  motor  to  units  the  the  energy  motor  to  the  units  motor  to  the  motor  Ann Arbor, MI, USA Ezy Filters 3 3 Flow 3 3 3 3  cTm he  ump  5.13  cMm (Q1)  a/MPa)  0  (p1)  MtcaPa  p1)  (c502.7  cotor  /MPa)  o  ptower  t2phe  m otor  am nd  24.87  inlet.   The  pinlet.  ump   sTupplies  he  inlet.  pump   2inlet.  T5.13  he  supplies  pump  inlet.   (p2 sQ1)  upplies  5.13   The  at  csupplies  m p 2ump  0  23  5.13  M (Q1)  Pa  supplies  c2(am p1)  t  32  (0  Q1)  (502.7  2Pa  5.13  a  t  (2cp1)  m 0  cm M (t  502.7  Pa   (2Q1)  o  m t  (p 502.7  23(/MPa)  ower  0  MPa  tm he  t(o  p1)  /MPa)  pmower  (m 502.7  to  athe  nd  pcower  mm 23t4.87  /MPa)  otor  he  and  m to  otor  4.87  ower  and  the  24.87  otor  and  24.87  3 3 Arbor,3 MI, USA 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Ann Phone: (800) 237-1165 cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm  from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05  cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm cm  from  the  VDT  (Q2)  to  achieve  the  velocity.  The  VDT  receives  50  cm  from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05   from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05   from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05   from  the  motor  (Q3)  at  10.05  Phone: (800) 237-1165 HONOR PUMPS U.S.A. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm MPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm  (Q2)  to  join  the  input  flow,  and  directs  25.13  cm  (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only   (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only   (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only   (Q4)  to  the  reservoir.  Only  flowezy@flowezyfilters.com flowezy@flowezyfilters.com Corpus Christi, TXMPa  (p2),  sends  24.87  cm â&#x20AC;˘ 800-984-9727 www.honorpumps.com â&#x20AC;˘ service@honorpumps.com www.flowezyfilters.com CIRCLE 348

28

MAY 2019

www.flowezyfilters.com

CIRCLE 349

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM â&#x20AC;˘ WWW.IFPS.ORG

6-9 MAY 2019

NRG Park • Houston, Texas, USA Houston’s NRG Park will come alive again this May 6-9 for the annual Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) presented by 13 industry organizations and societies dedicated to offshore resources and environmental matters.

The OTC trade show will not only serve as the epicenter where 2,500 companies converge to share ideas, research, and feedback with more than 60,000 attendees across a dozen disciplines, this year also celebrates the 50th anniversary of this offshore energy industry’s flagship event.

From the Technical Program to the University R&D Showcase to the opening evening Golden WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

Anniversary Gala Dinner, the 2019 OTC offers a myriad of events for scientists, engineers, and fluid power professionals interested in developing innovative technologies that optimize the potential of offshore energy sources. The conference may shine a spotlight on the oil and gas sector’s growth, but it’s the knowledge sharing among peers that is the true highlight that keeps exhibitors, researchers, and technology experts from 100 countries returning year after year.

With the multi-day event recognizing the innovations of the last five decades, fluid power professionals will have a chance to engage, observe, and recommend solutions to common and not-so-common challenges experienced throughout the offshore industry. Whether a distinguished veteran or a dedicated student, the OTC offers something for everyone.

One of the most anticipated events is the University R&D Showcase, which provides universities with the opportunity to collaborate and share their current R&D projects with each other and trade show attendees. From Texas A&M University to the University of Tokyo, the brilliant up-and-coming minds a part of this showcase are not to be missed.

For offshore professionals who are ready to tackle more beyond the classroom, OTC attendees can take part in the Rice Alliance Startup Roundup. The in-depth networking and investment event is designed to introduce emerging energy companies seeking investors to potential partnerships and funders searching for the next great idea. Since 2001, the Rice Alliance has held more than 50 Roundups connecting energy startups to more than $5.4 billion in capital funding.

A 50-year celebration couldn’t happen without a special awards ceremony that not only acknowledges the leaders of the industry, but also the exceptional charity, Spindletop Charities, that benefits from the gathering of the premier minds in offshore energy. The OTC Golden Anniversary Gala recognizes the recipients of the 2019 OTC Distinguished Achievement Awards, which include David Baldwin, Carlos Mastrangelo, and the Hebron Offshore Project.

To learn more about what fluid power professionals can expect, take a look at the Technical Program sessions and panels offered at this year’s event on page 31.

MAY 2019

29

2019

OTC

FLUID POWER EXHIBITORS

Accumulators, Inc.......................................6510 AMETEK.......................................................... 461 API Heat Transfer.........................................2779 Ashcroft.........................................................2705 Bauer Compressors.....................................4923 Bellows Tech..............................................473 Blue Ribbon Sales & Service Corp.............1605 Bonfiglioli USA...........................................11133 Bosch Rexroth..............................................1205 Bourdon USA...............................................6622 Brennan Industries...................................... 7111 BVA Hydraulics............................................5325 CAT Pumps................................................... 4701 CEJN North America...................................5005 Continental ContiTech...............................3669 Controlled Fluids, Inc.................................6923 DANA, Inc...................................................12027 Danfoss Drives............................................... 521 Delaware Manufacturing Industries Corp.....521 Dinamic Oil North America.......................3145 Doering, Inc..................................................9053 Donaldson Co., Inc......................................6222 Eaton.............................................................4838 Ellison Sensors........................................ 7335 Enerpac.........................................................3575 Famic Technologies, Inc...............................770 Faster, Inc......................................................8142 Festo AG & Co., KG......................................3625 Flaretite.........................................................7235 Freudenberg Sealing Technologies........... 4551

Fuchs Lubricants Co................................... 6917 G.W. Lisk....................................................... 1567 Gates Corp....................................................3975 GP:50 NY Ltd................................................1605 Graco/High Pressure Equipment Co...........823 Haskel............................................................ 4021 HAWE Hydraulik........................................4301 HBC-radiomatic..........................................3815 Hengli America Corp.................................12006 Hetronic USA...............................................4978 Houghton International.............................3418 Hunger Hydraulics CC Ltd......................... 7447 HYDAC Technology Corp......................... 2579 Hydradyne LLC............................................ 3001 Hydraquip, Inc............................................... 521 Hydraulics International........................... 2005 Hydro Leduc.................................................2015 IMI Precision Engineering.........................1339 Innovative Fluid Power...............................5305 Innovative Hydraulics LLC.........................6332 Luber Lubrication NA LP............................ 4551 Kocsis Technologies....................................5112 Kracht Corp..................................................1322 Kuriyama of America............................... 3653 Lee Co., The..................................................2755 Liebherr Components North America.....3625 Luohe Letone Hydraulics Technology Co., Ltd. ....................................................... 4361 Magnetek......................................................4309 Magnetrol International.............................4053

MaxPro Tech.................................................2273 MOOG, Inc...................................................1249 Motion Industries........................................6723 MSO Seals & Gaskets.....................................375 MTS Sensors................................................. 6557 NBB Controls & Components GmbH.......3615 Norman Filter Co.........................................6325 NRP-Jones, LLC............................................1315 PacSeal Hydraulics, Inc...............................2673 Panolin..........................................................1422 Parker Hannifin Corp..................................3639 PMB-Inc. Valve Solutions........................... 4171 Pepperl + Fuchs........................................... 4261 Performance Pulsation Control................. 5417 Pneumatic & Hydraulic Company, LLC...3755 Pulsafeeder................................................... 1301 Rotor Clip Co.......................................... 10738 Sauer Compressors..................................... 5061 SC Hydraulic Engineering Corp..................365 Senior Metal Bellows.................................12148 Servi Fluid Power, Inc..................................7249 SPIR STAR, Ltd............................................. 2001 Staubli........................................................... 3201 Stauff Corp....................................................8735 SunSource....................................................2665 Trelleborg......................................................3239 Wandfluh of America.................................... 521 Wilkes and McLean, Ltd............................7437 Winters Instruments.....................................379 Womack Machine Supply Co.....................4314

Fluid Power Journal advertisers are highlighted in blue.

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MONDAY, MAY 6

2019

0930 - 1200: Robotic Technology Enabling Future Offshore Operations

0730 - 0900: A Turning Point for Petrobras With a New Agenda 0730 - 0900: Advancing the Energy Transition: Meeting Energy Demand While Reducing Emissions 0730 - 0900: Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Reactivation 0930 - 1200: Advances in Technology for Identifying and Characterizing Submerged Archaeological Resources 0930 - 1200: Model Based Digitization of Engineering Systems 0930 - 1200: Geotechnics for Offshore Renewables 0930 - 1200: Unique Applications for Managing the Integrity of Floating Systems 0930 - 1200: Methods of Wind Load Estimation

OTC

0930 - 1430: OTC Poster Lounge: Part I 1215 - 1345: Unparalleled Opportunities in Brazil

TECHNICAL SESSIONS

1215 - 1345: Delivering Chevron Major Capital Projects Through Partnerships 1215 - 1345: The Norwegian Continental Shelf: Smarter, Cleaner, and Better Connected 1400 - 1630: Venture Capital Investment Driving Innovation in Offshore Deepwater 1400 - 1630: Advances in Subsea Production and Processing Technologies 1400 - 1630: Shallow Site Characterization of Offshore Energy Projects 1400 - 1630: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

BOOTH 7437

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1400 - 1630: Advancements in Soil-Structure Interaction Modeling 1400 - 1630: Advances in Mooring Technology 1400 - 1630: Libra EWT Project: How Technology and Strategy Overcome Challenges of a Complex Giant Offshore Field Development and its Legacy to the Industry 1600 - 1800: Alternative Energy: Will It Be Your Future Career?

TUESDAY, MAY 7 0730 - 0900: Colombian Offshore: An Investment Opportunity 0730 - 0900: DOE Oil and Gas: Addressing Technology and Market Challenges 0730 - 0900: Ethics in Engineering and Geology: How Professional Ethics Are Central to Your Work 0930 - 1200: Active Arena: LNG in Transition: The Past, Present and Future of Global Gas Markets

0930 - 1200: Advancement in Subsea, Umbilicals, Risers and Flowlines

0930 - 1200: System Engineering in the Offshore Industry

0930 - 1200: Digitalization Deployed: Case Studies

0930 - 1200: Technical Advances for Cost Reduction of Offshore Wind Energy

0930 - 1200: Flow Assurance Engineering and Project Learning

0930 - 1500: OTC Poster Lounge: Part II

0930 - 1200: Smart Materials

1215 - 1345: Energy Transition: Fostering a Smarter Energy Transition: From Cleaner Hydrocarbons to Cost-Competitive Renewables

HYDRAULIC SPRING APPLIED EMERGENCY STOP/HOLD CALIPER DISC BRAKES Our Roughnecks have tangential forces up to 12,800 lb., clamping forces up to 28,500 lb., and 1500 PSI release pressure. W.C. Branham Hydraulic Spring Applied Brakes get the job done when needed.

Brakes sized for unlimited disc diameters starting from 14 inches.

We’re approaching four decades of stopping tough things that move so discuss your next application with our trained technical staff.

Contact us today at 1.715.426.2000

AskWCB@wcbranham.com • www.wcbranham.com CIRCLE 352

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1215 - 1345: Future of the Drilling Rig

0930 - 1200: Reservoir Characterization and Monitoring

1400 - 1630: State of the Seismic Industry: Preparing for the Upturn

1215 - 1345: Future of Deepwater: Focus on Brazil and Mexico

0930 - 1430: OTC Poster Lounge: Part III

1400 - 1630: Going the Distance: Subsea Electrical and Production Systems

1400 - 1630: Offshore Wind Energy in the U.S.: Dawn of an Industry

1215 - 1345: Gas Hydrate R&D: History as a Guide to the Future

1400 - 1630: Phased Deepwater Field Developments

1215 - 1345: Floating Offshore Wind: Technology, Policy, and Finance

1400 - 1630: Offshore Decommissioning or Life Extension

1215 - 1345: PFLNG Satu: Charting The Unknown: The First Operating FLNG Facility

1400 - 1630: HPHT Solutions: Technology Verification, Validation, and Deployments Part II 1400 - 1630: Invited Organization: Society for Underwater Technology in the US (SUT-US)

1400 - 1630: Offshore Drilling, Reservoirs, and Foundations: Solutions for Today and Tomorrow 1400 - 1630: Cost Effective Production Chemistry Solutions for Sustainable Production 1400 - 1630: Data Analytics, Modeling, and Digitization 1400 - 1630: The Aasta Hansteen Project 1600 - 1800: Supplier Diversity: Bold Intentional Growth for Offshore Technology

WEDNESDAY, MAY 8 0730 - 0900: Women in the Industry Sharing Experiences (WISE): Diversity Drives Innovation: Start the Conversation 0730 - 0900: Investing in Argentina’s Unconventional and Offshore Development 0730 - 0900: Life Cycle Water Management: Addressing Effective Technologies and Gaps 0930 - 1200: Coming to Americas 0930 - 1200: Advances in Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Technology 0930 - 1200: HPHT Solutions: Technology Verification, Validation, and Deployments Part I 0930 - 1200: Innovation and Technology for Cost Effective Subsea Processing 0930 - 1200: New Developments in Gas Hydrate Production 0930 - 1200: Topside Innovative Processing and Design WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

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THURSDAY, MAY 9

0900 - 1500: 1-on-1 Mock Interview

0730 - 0900: Sustainable Development Goals for the Oil and Gas Industry: Guyana 2030

0930 - 1200: Big Data Successful Applications of Digital Transformation and Future Advances

1400 - 1630: Advances in Gas Hydrate Production Technology

0730 - 0900: Center for Offshore Safety: Digitalization and New Technology: Senior Leadership Perspectives

0930 - 1200: Center for Offshore Safety: Digitalization and New Technology: Safety in the 21st Century

1600 - 1800: Young Professionals: The Tech Young Professionals Need to Know About

0730 - 0900: BOEM: An Update on the US Offshore Regulatory Environment

0930 - 1200: Erosion and Corrosion Prediction, Monitoring and Mitigation in the Oil and Gas Industry

1400 - 1630: FLNG Technology and Offshore Gas Monetization 1400 - 1630: Advances in Fluid Flow and Thermal Behavior Modeling for Flow Assurance Engineering

0930 - 1200: Advances in Offshore Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy

Searching for a partner to provide innovative solutions for your hydraulic application?

Hydraulic components for usage in explosive hazardous areas

HAWE Hydraulik manufactures a broad range of products designed for us in hazardous areas.

Select suitable hydraulic pumps, power units, solenoids or mechanically actuated valves. HAWE is aware of the importance of active explosion protection, and provides products that are in accordance with common global standards.

0930 - 1200: Advances in Chemical EOR Technologies 0930 - 1200: Offshore Renewables: Site Investigation Challenges for Environmental and Engineering Assessment 0930 - 1200: Offshore CO2 Storage: Technical Challenges for New Business Opportunities?

Directional seated valve type G

Seated valves are a type of directional control valve. The ball seats enable zero leakage in the closed state.

1215 - 1345: Center for Offshore Safety: Digitalization and New Technology: Senior Regulatory Leadership Perspectives

Explosion proof solenoid

HAWE’s EX solenoids are designed for high pressure operation in the most extreme environments.

Directional seated valve type NBVP

Seated valves are a type of directional control valve. The cone seats enable bi-directional flow and zero leakage in the closed state.

1215 - 1345: Beyond the Pre-Salt: The Transformation of Brazil’s Oil and Gas Sector 1215 - 1345: Keeping the Faith: An Independent Energy Company’s View on Why the Offshore and Deepwater Remain Critical to Meeting Future Energy Demand 1400 - 1630: Overcoming Challenges on the Big Foot Project

Proportional directional spool valve type PSL Industry leading performance

1400 - 1630: Project Monetization 1400 - 1630: Next Generation Deepwater Development Concepts 1400 - 1630: Metocean Advances

Choose the right hydraulic components for your application!

HAWE Hydraulik manufactures the highest quality hydraulic components, constructed to minimize space and maximize product durability for the mobile, industrial, and oilfield markets.

Visit Us

Partner with HAWE to always have the right solution!

We are Partners.

www.hawe.com | info@haweusa.com | 704-509-1599

4 Booth 94 5/7 - 5/9 s Las Vega

1400 - 1630: Advances in Drilling Technologies 1400 - 1630: Standardization in the Offshore Industry

01 Booth 43 5/6 - 5/9 Houston

For more information, visit http://2019.otcnet.org. 

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HAWE Half-Page - Fluid Power Journal MAY 030719.indd 1 34 MAY 2019

1400 - 1630: Advances in Smart Completion Technologies

3/7/2019 10:49:55 AM WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

T H E N A N D N OW he Journal is celebrating a 25-year milestone in 2019 and reflecting on how far the industry has come since the birth of the magazine. This new column is dedicated to showcasing the growth of fluid power technology. Each article features a product or industry analysis and how it has transformed from its early years. If you have a product or analysis to share with the Journal readers, please contact Candace Nicholson at cnicholson@fluidpowerjournal.com.

T

Revolutionizing E-Commerce

By Andy Patel, Marketing Manager, Hercules Sealing Products

»

FROM ITS HUMBLE beginnings, e-commerce has quickly taken the hydraulic repair market by a storm over the last decade. Its rise in many parts of the world, in addition to transforming the way traditional brick and mortar retail stores have functioned, has lead to a consumer purchasing shift. In no small part, e-commerce has made purchasing easier than ever for fluid power professionals. Yet, it is still reliant upon consumer’s technological capabilities and proficiencies.

Hercules Sealing Products, a leading distributor of after-market hydraulic repair equipment parts, has changed what an e-commerce platform looks like in its field. The organization has found success by not only improving its offerings, but also by placing a high priority on educating fluid power professionals on the cost and time savings that coincide with switching purchasing to an e-commerce platform.

Headquartered in Clearwater, Florida, the company operates one of the largest inventories in the industry, stocking 47,000 products in a 52,000 sq.ft., state-of-the-art warehouse. With the world’s largest one-stop inventory, immediate access to pick and pack all products, and the latest computerized systems, Hercules has become known for their ability to flawlessly deliver nearly every order the next day.

For nearly a decade, Hercules has operated a web store that has grown to be the most feature-rich and technically advanced in the entire industry. The intuitive website provides customers with a vast offering of repair products at the click of a mouse.

Serving thousands of customers every day, the website has become a key asset to the company and adds significant value to the service.

Throughout the last decade it has grown to include numerous features, but one in particular WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

stands out: the many ways that customers can search for products.

Competitors’ websites usually have one way: type a keyword into a search box and hope for the best. The Hercules Sealing Products website allows customers to search by model, serial or part number, or application, and the main search field even provides automated suggestions based on your entry. The company’s products are the industry standard so most customers know the parts by name or number. If they begin typing it in, the system will usually autocomplete the information and bring up their part before they finish.

OEM and competitor part numbers are also integrated into the system. If a customer is seeking a Hercules after-market replacement for an OEM part, they can enter the OEM part number and the system will find the appropriate product to replace it.

In addition, the “seals-by-size” lookup allows a customer to measure a seal that they don’t have a part number for and use those measurements to find a matching seal from Hercules’

catalog. This feature is a favorite for machine shops because they can machine a custom part and see if Hercules has a seal for it in stock.

Further, the custom seal configurator allows customers to design unique seals meeting custom specifications.

For customers who need to look up a large number of parts, the Hercules web store can read an Excel file exported directly from that company’s ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system. The website will respond with a list containing prices and availability for each part. When parts aren’t available, the system will suggest parts that can be substituted for whatever is missing. The system is connected to the company’s purchasing data, so when a part is out of stock, it can even provide a restocking date.

Within the last year, Hercules Sealing Products once again enhanced their e-commerce offerings by launching a personalized control panel. The control panel allows users to see a multitude of analytical data sets. Some of which include the ability to see top searches, order history, top purchased products, and tracking information all from one convenient dashboard.

The launch of the control panel and continuous other industry first offerings are responsible for the rapid growth of Hercules’ e-commerce platform, which is now responsible for roughly one-third of the company’s total business. This figure only looks to rise as Hercules continues to place an emphasis on consumer education.

Through hosting webinars, on-site training sessions, and free educational seminars, Hercules has helped revolutionize the perception of e-commerce in their industry. What was once looked at as an unnecessary piece of technology has now become an integral part of many organizations purchasing and inventory management.  MAY 2019

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SPECIAL AD SECTION

www.anchorfluidpower.com ANCHOR FLUID POWER • CIRCLE 391

Web

MARKETPLACE

Anchor Fluid Power, an ISO 9001:2015 registered company, offers a broad range of fluid power components including SAE J518 & ISO 6162 flanges and split flange adapters, weld couplings, high pressure hydraulic ball valves, flow control, needle and check valves, solenoid valves and quick couplings. We carry extensive inventory at each of our three North American locations, allowing us to promptly fulfill global customer requirements.

• Cincinnati • Houston • Edmonton

www.HYDAC-NA.com HYDAC • CIRCLE 392

Utilizing HYDAC’s extensive product range and system solution platforms makes us an innovative partner. Our fluid engineering solutions are defined by the scope and complexity of our customer’s requirements.

Our products range from individually designed components in the fields of fluid engineering, hydraulics and electronics right up to complete systems for specific functions. We take great pride in both our products and solutions!

Toll free: 866 FLANGES (352-6437) sales@anchorfluidpower.com

www.hydraulex.com

www.kuriyama.com

HYDRAULEX • CIRCLE 393

KURIYAMA OF AMERICA, INC. • CIRCLE 394

Hydraulex provides the largest offering in the industry of Remanufactured, Aftermarket, and OEM hydraulic components and parts such as pumps, motors, valves, cylinders and PTOs. We also offer complete hydraulic repair services for almost every make and brand of hydraulic component. Whatever your needs, we’re sure to be able to help.

Visit our website for more information (www.hydraulex.com), give us a call at 1-800-422-4279, or email us at sales@hydraulex.com.

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Kuriyama of America, Inc., a part of Kuriyama Holdings Corporation, first opened for business in 1968.

Located in Schaumburg, Illinois, the company has been eminently successful in developing and marketing a complete line of thermoplastic hose and accessories. Our expansive product line consist of thermoplastic, rubber and metal hose products, along with accessories including couplings and fittings. Many of these products are produced by our own subsidiaries.

Phone: (847) 755-0360 Toll-Free Fax: (800) 800-0320 Intl. Fax: (847) 885-0996

www.laman.com LA-MAN CORPORATION • CIRCLE 395

La-Man Corporation is a leading manufacturer of compressed air filtration products. With over 30 years of experience, we truly understand the importance of protecting valuable machinery, tools, and finished products from dirty, wet, contaminated air. La-Man’s line of products include the patented Extractor Dryer, .01 micron filter, as well as, LA-MAN-Air Breathing Systems™, SuperStar™ Membrane Dryers, and the Refrigerated Extractor/Dryer.

PO BOX 328 • Mazeppa, MN 55956 800-348-2463

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

SPECIAL AD SECTION

www.oilrite.com OIL-RITE CORPORATION • CIRCLE 396

Oil-Rite manufactures 303 stainless steel flow sights which permit visual observation of liquid flow, clarity, and condition in lowpressure oil lines. Stainless steel is becoming a preferred material in industrial settings because of its corrosive resistant properties.

They are available with or without a nylon ball for gauging the direction of fluid movement.

Consult Oil-Rite’s online product catalog.

P.O. Box 1207 Manitowoc WI 54221-1207 (920)-682-6173 sales@oilrite.com

texcelhydraulics.com

www.rotorclip.com

TEXCEL HYDRAULICS • CIRCLE 398

ROTOR CLIP • CIRCLE 397

Texcel – Ahead of the Curve for 38 Years Texcel offers a full line of cutting-edge hydraulic hose and fitting products paired with exceptional customer service. Our partnerships with our distributors are very important to us and we guarantee our dedication to quality and reliability from the first phone call through delivery of our products to our customers.

Rotor Clip manufactures a full line of inch, DIN, ANSI metric and JIS retaining rings to world standards, as well as a complete line of constant section rings, spiral retaining rings, and wave springs. There are over 50 different styles and over 1000 part numbers to fit virtually every application. Rotor Clip supports its market with a full line of installation tools including applicators, pliers, dispensers and automated assembly equipment.

For more information, please email sales@rotorclip.com.

4444 Homestead Road • Houston, TX 77028 (800) 231-7116 • sales@texcelrubber.com

Stops Leaking

FlangeLock™

ING APPLIED TOP/HOLDwww.wcbranham.com C BRAKES W.C. BRANHAM • CIRCLE 399 W.C. Branham is a leading fluid power and power transmission manufacturing company, with over three decades of industry experience.

We are always on the move providing innovative, quality and affordable solutions for our clients. That is "Solutions in Motion."

Please register on our Web site which will enable us to communicate with you more efficiently. You'll receive benefits such as quoting and order history, new product announcements, and special promotions.

www.wcbranham.com

Visit our website at www.wcbranham.com or call us at 1-800-428-1974 for more information.

HYDRAULIC LINES SAVE TIME SAVE MONEY SAVE LABOR SAVE OIL For more information contact Mike Pearl at 203.861.9400 or email: sales@flangelock.com

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No tools required No expensive hardware needed No more rags stuffed into hoses No more messy plastic caps The ultimate contamination control tool One hand installation Eliminate hydraulic oil spills & clean up Quick installation & ease of usage Safe for personnel & environment Industry acclaimed

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100% This product is Patented, other Patents pending.

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Pneumatic

robots SHAKE HANDS WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

By Karoline von Häfon, Head of Corporate Bionic Projects, Festo

The BionicSoftHand is pneumatically operated, so that it can interact safely and directly with people. Unlike the human hand, the device has no bones. Its fingers consist of flexible bellows structured with air chambers.

The bellows are enclosed in the fingers by a special 3D textile coat knitted from both elastic and high-strength threads. With the help of the textile, it is possible to determine exactly where the structure expands and generates power, as well as where it is prevented from expanding. This makes it light, flexible, adaptable, and sensitive, yet capable of exerting strong forces.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

The learning methods of machines are comparable to those of humans: either in a positive or a negative way. They require feedback following their actions in order to classify and learn from them. BionicSoftHand uses this method of reinforcement learning.

Instead of imitating a specific action, the hand is merely given a goal and it uses the trial and error method to achieve it. Based on received feedback, it gradually optimizes its actions until the task is finally solved successfully.

FESTO PRESENTS Specifically, the BionicSoftHand should rotate a 12-sided NEW BIONICS cube so that a previously defined side points upwards at the PROJECTS: end. The necessary movement strategy is taught in a virtual BIONICSOFTHAND, environment with the aid of a digital twin, which is created BIONICSOFTARM AND BIONICFINWAVE with the help of data from a depth-sensing camera via computer vision and the algorithms of artificial intelligence.

PROPORTIONAL PIEZO VALVES FOR PRECISE CONTROL In order to keep the effort of tubing the BionicSoftHand as low as possible, the developers have specially designed a small, digitally controlled valve terminal, which is mounted directly on the hand. This means that the tubes for controlling the gripper fingers do not have to be pulled through the entire robot arm.

Thus, the BionicSoftHand can be quickly and easily connected and operated with only one tube each for supply air and exhaust air. With the proportional piezo valves used, the movements of the fingers can be precisely controlled.

BIONICSOFTARM: ONE ROBOT ARM, MANY POSSIBLE VARIATIONS The strict separation between the manual work of the factory worker and the automated actions of the robot is being increasingly set aside. Their work ranges are overlapping and merging into a collaborative working space. In this way, human and machine will be able to simultaneously work together on the same workpiece or component in the future — without having to be shielded from each other for safety reasons.

The BionicSoftArm is a compact development of Festo's BionicMotionRobot, whose range of applications has been significantly expanded. This is made possible by its modular design: It can be combined with up to seven pneumatic bellows segments and rotary drives. This guarantees maximum flexibility in terms of reach and mobility, thus enabling it to work around obstacles even

W

hether its grabbing, holding, touching, or typing — in everyday life, we use our hands as a matter of course for the most diverse tasks. In that regard, the human hand, with its unique combination of power, dexterity, and fine motor skills, is a true miracle tool of nature. What could be more natural than equipping robots in collaborative workspaces with a gripper that is a replica of this model of nature that also solves various tasks by learning through artificial intelligence? Festo introduced their pneumatic robot hand BionicSoftHand at Hannover Fair 2019. Combined with the BionicSoftArm, a pneumatic lightweight robot, the Future Concepts are suitable for human-robot collaboration.

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THE PNEUMATIC LIGHTWEIGHT ROBOT BIONICSOFTARM IS FLEXIBLE FROM THE START AND IS SUITABLE FOR DIRECT HUMAN-ROBOT COLLABORATION.

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

inspired by this undulating fin movement. The undulation pushes the water backwards, creating a forward thrust. This principle allows the BionicFinWave to maneuver forwards or backwards through an acrylic tube system.

Its two side fins are completely cast out of silicone and do not require struts or other supporting elements. The two fins are attached to the left and right of nine small lever arms, which in turn are ONE ROBOT ARM, powered by two servo motors. Two adjacent crankshafts MANY POSSIBLE transmit the force to the levers so that the two fins can VARIATIONS in the tightest of spaces, if necessary. At the same time, it is be moved individually to generate different shaft patterns. completely flexible and can work safely with people. Direct They are particularly suitable for slow and precise locohuman-robot collaboration is possible with the BionicSoftArm, as well as motion and whirl up less water than, for example, a screw drive. A cardan its use in classic SCARA applications, such as pick-and-place tasks. joint is located between each lever segment to ensure that the crankshafts are flexible. For this purpose, the crankshafts including the joints and the FLEXIBLE APPLICATION POSSIBILITIES connecting rod are made of plastic in one piece using the 3D printing process.

The modular robot arm can be used for a wide variety of applications, depending on the design and mounted gripper. Thanks to its flexible INTELLIGENT INTERACTION OF A WIDE VARIETY OF COMPONENTS kinematics, the BionicSoftArm can interact directly and safely with The remaining elements in the BionicFinWave's body are also humans. At the same time, the kinematics make it easier for it to adapt 3D-printed, which enables its complex geometries in the first place. to different tasks at various locations in production environments: the With their cavities, they act as flotation units. At the same time, the entire elimination of costly safety devices, such as cages and light barriers, control and regulation technology are watertight, safely installed and shortens conversion times, and thus enables flexible use — completely synchronized in a very tight space. in accordance with adaptive and economical production.

NEW IMPULSES AND APPROACHES FOR THE PROCESS INDUSTRY BIONICFINWAVE: UNDERWATER ROBOT WITH UNIQUE FIN DRIVE Nature teaches us impressively, what optimal drive systems for certain swimming movements should look like. To move forward, the marine planarian and sepia create a continuous wave with their fins, which advances along their entire length. For the BionicFinWave, the bionics team was

With the bionic technology carrier, our Bionic Learning Network once again provides an impulse for future work with autonomous robots and new drivetrain technologies in liquid media. It would be conceivable to further develop concepts such as the BionicFinWave for tasks such as inspections, measurement series, or data collections. 

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SPECIAL AD SECTION

COMPONENT SHOWCASE ETENSIFIER… A REVOLUTIONARY PORTABLE HIGH PRESSURE ELECTRIC PUMP Now there’s a high pressure hydraulic pump system that simply plugs into a wall outlet and doesn’t require an air compressor. The eTensifier represents new technology introduced by three industry leaders… patent protected motors and controls from Graco, proven hydraulic pumps from Sprague and high pressure components and customer service from HiP. The plug’n play eTensifier delivers high pressure electric power up to 36,500 psi with a quiet electric motor, a smoother flow rate from zero to full pressure and controls that include an industry-first pressure test mode that allows you to set a defined pressure and walk away. In addition, the lightweight and portable eTensifier features a new quick-connect system for exchanging pump lowers to easily facilitate a change in sizes or routine maintenance without taking the whole pump out of commission.

Give us a call and let’s start the conversation today.

2955 W. 17th St. • Erie, PA 16505 Phone: 814-838-2028 email: sales@highpressure.com www.HighPressure.com CIRCLE 363

M MOTORS IN STOCK & READY TO SHIP FluiDyne Fluid Power’s M motors are a proven design that has been operating in the field for decades. They are available with either standard (25M, 35M, 45M & 50M) or heavy duty (26M, 36M, 46M & 51M) bearings. These motors start out with high efficiencies and operate at those levels throughout the life of the motor. This is inherent in this vane motor design. Because both ports can be pressurized at the same time, FluiDyne’s M Motors are perfect for multiple motors connected in a serious. The heavy duty bearing allows for indirect drive options such as gears, belts and pulleys. Several port position configurations are available. M motors can operate at as low as 100 rpm to as high as 3,000 rpm at maximum pressure. It can run at faster speeds as the system pressures decrease. Their motors are 100% performance tested and are ready for immediate shipment. Each motor has 18 month warranty, so if you have any problems, we have a solution.

Call, email, chat… we’re ready to help!

586.296.7200 sales@fluidynefp.com www.fluidynefp.com CIRCLE 364

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SPECIAL AD SECTION

COMPONENT SHOWCASE KAWASAKI STAFFA RADIAL PISTON MOTORS Kawasaki Staffa Radial Piston Motors are world famous for their reliability and exceptionally long life. They provide unrivalled start-up torque and power, plus: • Rugged, well-proven design – long, reliable operating life.

• High efficiency, with excellent breakout torque and smooth running capability – Cost efficient power, whenever you need it.

• Hydrostatically balanced valves – highly tolerant to contamination • Modular construction – tell us what you need!

• All Staffa motors provide 250 bar CONTINUOUS USE pressure rating.

The Staffa motor is the tough, fit-and-forget solution for marine and offshore drive applications. With its long bearing life, wear resistance and innovative hydrostatics, Staffa motors deliver power and control, whenever it’s needed!

High breakout torque is essential, a key feature that has been a big part of the Staffa’s success in the industry. Starting from stall, 85+% mechanical efficiencies provide easy starting, without pressure pulsation, increasing the life and reliability of the rest of the system.

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CIRCLE 365

DOUBLE PUMPS: “AA” FLANGE, 1DG SERIES

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Standard group 3 models come with 7/8-13 tooth spline shaft and are available from 52cc on the front pump down to as small as 5cc on the rear.

Standard group 2 models come with either the 5/8-9 tooth spline or 5/8" keyed shaft, in displacements from 22cc on the front to 5cc on the rear.

Standard group 1 models come with a 1/2" keyed shaft, in displacements from 9cc on the front to 1cc on the rear.

Subject to center section displacements being 5cc,or 7cc, or 9cc, or 11cc, triple pumps are also available in the group 2 size pump frame.

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CIRCLE 366

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2019 SPRING MEETING RECAP The IFPS 2019 spring meeting, held in Savannah, Georgia, was a great success. All 20 volunteer Board of Directors, along with three honorary-directors, were in attendance and hard at work (with a little fun mixed in) steering the IFPS ship, so-to-speak.

A few subcommittees were formed during the meeting. If you are interested in participating in the following subcommittees, via conference calls, please e-mail Adele Kayser, Communications Manager, akayser@ifps.org.

CERTIFICATION COMMITTEE

EDUCATION COMMITTEE

Certification Review Subcommittees – To keep pace with industry changes, IFPS Certifications are scheduled for review every five years.

These subcommittees will review and develop Outcomes, Study Manuals and Test questions.

We are seeking subject matter experts for the following Certifications: • MHM/MHT • Job Performance Test(s) both Mobile and Industrial • Mechatronics

• Subcommittee - STEM-based Youth and Outreach Program Task: develop training materials to use in • this program

MARKETING COMMITTEE • Subcommittee - Social Media • Task: Develop a social media plan

1. Jim O’Halek, Donna Pollander 2. Susan Apostle, Mo Shahin, Marti Wendel, Andrew Van Beusekom, Liz Rehfus 3. Andrew Van Beusekom, Mike Cirillo 4. Board Meeting

1

2

3

4

5

8 6

5. Dean Houdeshell, Kathie & Randy Bobbitt 6. Mike Cirillo, Mike Harrelson Lisa DeBenedetto 7. John & Susan Bibaeff 8. 2019 Board of Directors 9. Susan Apostle, Donna Pollander, Adele Kayser 9

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MAY 2019

7

WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM • WWW.IFPS.ORG

10

11

12

10. Savannah River Cruise 11. Savannah Trolley Tour 12. Chauntelle & Mark Baughman (front), Brandon Gustafson & Andrea Keacher (back)

13

14

IFPS was honored to have John Groot, who was recently approved for CFPPS-Emeritus, and his wife, Marge Groot, attend our evening dinner. The dinner was held on a lively Savannah River dinner-cruise where John was presented with an appreciation plaque by Dean Houdeshell, PE, CFPAI, Past President and Tim White, CFPAI, President.

James (Jimmy) Simpson, CFPAI, was approved for Emeritus status at the spring meeting. A candidate for IFPS Emeritus Certification must meet specific requirements, including nomination by at least three IFPS members in good standing, at least one of whom must be a current or past board member, and maintained continuous IFPS certification for at least 20 years.

15

17

ON THE HORIZON 1. A newly designed, updated, full-color, indexed, Fluid Power Reference Handbook 2. STEM-based Youth and Outreach Program Training Materials 3. The prospect of developing a Mechatronics Certification 4. Additions to enhance our online HS and PS Interactive Study Guide 5. Review and update of all Mechanic and Technician Certifications 16. John & Marge Groot, Janis & Bob Sheaf 17. Tim White, John Groot, Dean Houdeshell 18. Evening Out 19. “Rollin' on the River” WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

The ULTIMATE resource for hydraulic, pneumatic, and motion control professionals

18

Fluid Power

Reference Handbook FIRST EDITION

16

13. Marti Wendel, Donna Pollander 14. Scott Sardina, Dan Helgerson 15. Paul Prass, Jim O’Halek, Denis Poirier, Donna Pollander 19

MAY 2019

43

Expert Analysis and Hard Data Dynamic conferences, meetings and webcasts keep our members up to date on the latest economic conditions, emerging trends and industry insights for today’s ever‐changing economic climate.

N F PA U P D AT E

You have the Ideas, We Provide the Tools From point‐and‐click online tools that automate time‐consuming calculations, trend analysis, and custom forecasting to a user‐friendly web dashboard that allows members custom access to industry information.

Hydraulic and Pneumatic Industry Trends

Find out how to become part of NFPA by calling Leslie Miller at 414‐778‐3369, or email at lmiller@nfpa.com.

Market information questions? Contact Eric Armstrong at earmstrong@nfpa.com or 414‐778‐3372.

Hydraulic and Pneumatic Shipments Hydraulic and Pneumatic Shipments Raw Index Data, Index: 2018=100 Raw Index Data, Index: 2018=100

SHIPMENTS

130.0

MONTH

TOTAL FLUID POWER

TOTAL HYD.

TOTAL PNEU.

110.0

Nov. 2018

10.0

12.6

1.2

100.0

Dec. 2018

9.8

12.5

1.2

90.0

Jan. 2019

3.2

6.2

-2.5

120.0

80.0

Shipments – Cumulative year‐to‐ date % change (2019 vs. 2018)

70.0 60.0

Feb‐19

Oct‐18

Dec‐18

Jun‐18

Aug‐18

Apr‐18

Feb‐18

Dec‐17

Oct‐17

Jun‐17

Aug‐17

Apr‐17

Feb‐17

Oct‐16

Dec‐16

Jun‐16

Aug‐16

Apr‐16

Feb‐16

Oct‐15

Dec‐15

Aug‐15

Jun‐15

Apr‐15

Feb‐15

Dec‐14

The table above is expressed in terms of cumulative percent changes. These changes refer to the percent difference between the relevant cumulative total for 2019 and the total for the same months Mobile Hydraulic Industrial Hydraulic Total Pneumatic in 2018. For example, January 2019 pneumatic This graph of raw index data is generated by the total dollar volume reported to NFPA by CSS participants and compared to the average monthly This graph of raw index data is generated by the total dollar volume reported to NFPA by CSS participants shipments figure of ‐2.5 means that for the calendar dollar volume in 2018. For example, the February 2019 total dollar volume for pneumatic shipments are 102.8% of the average monthly dollar volume in 2018. (Base Year 2018 = 100) and compared to the average monthly dollar volume in 2018. For example, the February 2019 total dollar year through January 2019, pneumatic shipments volume for pneumatic shipments are 102.8% of the average monthly dollar volume in 2018. (Base Year decreased 2.5% compared to the same time‐period

2018 = 100) in 2018. (Base Year 2018 = 100)

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YOULI-AMERICA Corpus Christi, TX • 888-330-8041 www.youli-america.com • service@youli-america.com CIRCLE 357

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CIRCLE 358

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Pneumatic, Mobile and Industrial Hydraulic Orders Index

100.0

140.0

N F PA U P D AT E

90.0

130.0

80.0

120.0

70.0

110.0

Pneumatic, Mobile and Industrial Hydraulic Orders Index

100.0 90.0

Each point on this graph represents the most recent 12 months Mobile Hydraulic Industrial Hydraulic of orders compared to the previous 12 months of orders. Each Each point on this graph represents the most recent 12 months of orders compared to the previous 12 months of orders. Each point can be point can be read as a percentage. For example, 107.9 (the read as a percentage. For example, 107.9 (the January 2019 level of the industrial hydraulic series) indicates that industrial hydraulic orders January 2019 level of the industrial hydraulic series) indicates received from February 2018 to January 2019 were 107.9% of the orders received from February 2017 to January 2018. (Base Year 2018 = that industrial hydraulic orders received from February 2018 to 100) January 2019 were 107.9% of the orders received from February Total ‐ Hydraulic and Pneumatic Shipments 2017 to January 2018. (Base Year 2018 = 100) Industrial Hydraulic Total Pneumatic

80.0 70.0

Total Pneumatic

Mobile Hydraulic

Each point on this graph represents the most recent 12 months of orders compared to the previous 12 months of orders. Each point can be read as a percentage. For example, 107.9 (the January 2019 level of the industrial hydraulic series) indicates that industrial hydraulic orders 110 received from February 2018 to January 2019 were 107.9% of the orders received from February 2017 to January 2018. (Base Year 2018 = 100)

Total ‐ Hydraulic and Pneumatic Shipments

Total ‐ Hydraulic and Pneumatic Shipments This graph of 12‐month moving averages shows

100

that in February 2019, both hydraulic shipments 110 and pneumatic shipments increased. (Base Year

2018 = 100) 100

Find out how to become part of NFPA by 90 calling Leslie Miller at (414) 778‐3369, or email at lmiller@nfpa.com. Market information questions? Contact Eric 80 Armstrong at earmstrong@nfpa.com or (414) 778‐3372.

70

90

80

70

Total Fluid Power

Total Pneumatic

Total Hydraulic

This graph of 12‐month moving averages shows that in February 2019, both hydraulic shipments and pneumatic shipments increased. (Base Year 2018 = 100)

Total Hydraulic

This graph of 12‐month moving averages shows that in February 2019, both hydraulic shipments and pneumatic shipments increased. (Base

Year 2018 = 100)

Total Fluid Power

Total Pneumatic

CIRCLE 359

WWW.IFPS.ORG • WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM

MAY 2019

45

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ADVERTISER INDEX Company.................................................................. Page...........Circle Adaconn®.................................................................................24.................388 Aignep USA................................................................................ 9.................339 Aignep USA..............................................................................21.................374 Anchor Fluid Power................................................................25.................346 Anchor Fluid Power................................................................36.................391 Assured Automation................................................................ 5.................334 Assured Automation..............................................................20.................368 BellowsTech an MW Industries company.......................... 18.................343 BellowsTech an MW Industries company..........................24.................385 BuyFittingsOnline.com............................................................ 7.................338 BuyFittingsOnline.com..........................................................25.................390 Daman Products Co. Inc.......................................................39.................356 Daman Products Co. Inc.......................................................24.................386 Delaware Manufacturing Industries Corp............................ 3.................333 Delaware Manufacturing Industries Corp..........................21.................371 Dura-Bar..................................................................................... 6.................336 Dynatect Manufacturing Inc................................Inside Front.................361 Dynatect Manufacturing Inc.................................................24.................387 Ellison Sensors Inc.................................................................31.................351 Ellison Sensors Inc.................................................................21.................373 Flange Lock.............................................................................37.................355 Flange Lock.............................................................................20.................370 Flow Ezy Filters Inc.................................................................28.................349 Fluidyne Fluid Power.............................................................. 17.................342 Fluidyne Fluid Power..............................................................40.................364 GPM Controls..........................................................................23.................384 Graco High Pressure Equipment Company....................... 14.................340 Graco High Pressure Equipment Company.......................40.................363 HAWE Hydraulik......................................................................34.................354 Honor Pumps U.S.A...............................................................28.................348 Honor Pumps U.S.A............................................................... 41.................366 Hydac International Inc.........................................Back Cover.................360 Hydac International Inc.........................................................36.................392 Hydac International Inc.........................................................21.................372

Company.................................................................. Page...........Circle Hydraulex.................................................................................27.................347 Hydraulex.................................................................................36.................393 Hydraulics International Inc................................................... 7.................337 Hydraulics Inc......................................................................... 19................ 344 Hydraulics Inc.........................................................................23.................381 Inserta® Products...................................................................21.................375 J/T Hydraulics & Service Co.................................................22.................379 Kawasaki Precision Machinery (U.S.A.) Inc...................... 41.................365 Kuriyama of America............................................................. 15.................341 Kuriyama of America.............................................................36.................394 La-Man Corp............................................................................36.................395 Lubriplate Inc...........................................................Inside Back.................362 Main Manufacturing Products Inc........................................ 5.................335 Main Manufacturing Products Inc......................................25.................376 Ogura Industrial Corp.............................................................20.................369 Ogura Industrial Corp.............................................................23.................383 Oil-Rite Corp............................................................................37.................396 Oil-Rite Corp............................................................................22.................377 Power Valve U.S.A.................................................................. 19.................345 Power Valve U.S.A..................................................................23.................378 Rotor Clip Company...............................................................33.................353 Rotor Clip Company...............................................................37.................397 Texcel........................................................................................45.................359 Texcel........................................................................................37.................398 W.C. Branham Inc...................................................................32.................352 W.C. Branham Inc...................................................................37.................399 Wilkes & McLean Ltd..............................................................31.................350 Wilkes & McLean Ltd..............................................................44.................358 Wilkes & McLean Ltd..............................................................20.................367 Wilkes & McLean Ltd..............................................................23.................382 Yates Industries Inc.................................................................. 1.................332 Yates Industries Inc................................................................22.................380 Youli America..........................................................................44.................357 Youli America..........................................................................22.................389

Ad • Product Spotlight • Component Showcase • Web Marketplace

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MAY 2019

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Please circle numbers for additional information from our advertisers.

100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128

READER SERVICE FORM

For complimentary information, mail or fax completed form to: c/o iPacesetters P.O. Box 413050 • Naples, FL 34101-6795 Fax: 888-847-6035 TYPE OR PRINT ONLY: Name Title Company Company Address City

State

Phone

Zip Code Fax

Web Address E-Mail Address

129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157

158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186

187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215

216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244

1. Do you specify, select, or influence the purchase of components & systems on new or existing machinery?

If yes, in which technologies? (check all that apply) 05  Hydraulic 06  Pneumatic 07  Vacuum 2. What is your primary job title? (check all that apply)

10  Administration 13  Technical

11  Plant Operations 14  Mechanical

3. Which of the following best describes your market focus?

A  Aerospace I  Forestry B  Agricultural Machinery J  Furnaces C  Automotive K  Gas & Oilfield Machinery D  Civil Engineering L  Heavy Construction E  Cranes & Equipment F  Drills & Drilling Equipment M  Military Vehicles G  Flame Cutting/Welding N  Construction & Utility Equipment

Equipment O  Machine Tools H  Food Machinery P  Government Related 4. Number of employees at this location?

A  1-19

B  20-49

245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273

274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302

D  100-249

5. What is the primary business activity at this location?

In the Fluid Power Industry: 56  Manufacturer 57  Distributor Outside the Fluid Power Industry: 59  Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) 6. In which region does your company do business? (check all that apply) 61  East 62  Midwest 63  Southeast 64  Southwest

332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360

361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389

03  Yes 04  No 08  Electronic Controls

12  Engineering 15  Purchasing

A  Marine & Offshore Equipment B  Material Handling Equipment C  Mining Machinery D  Packaging Machinery E  Plastic Machinery F  Presses & Foundry G  Railroad Machinery H  Road Construction/ Maintenance Equipment

C  50-99

303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331

E  250-499

390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418

419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447

448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476

477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505

09  None of these

16  Other

I  Simulators & Test Equipment J  Snow Vehicles, Ski Lifts K  Steel Plants & Rolling Mills L  Truck & Bus Industry M  Textile Machinery N  Woodworking Machines O  Other (specify) P  Fluid Power Industry F  500-999

G  1000+

58  Education 60  End User of Fluid Power Products 65  West

66  National

67  International

7. My Company should be advertising in or submit an article to the Fluid Power Journal. Please contact this person: Name: ___________________________________ Title: _________________________________ Phone: _______________________________________ 8. I wish to receive a free subscription to Fluid Power Journal:

01  Yes

02  No

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Signature Date 9. I would like more information on the following products: (Please check all that apply) 800  Accumulators 805  Filters 808  Hose & Tubing 801  Accessories 806  Gauges & Sensors 809  Hydraulic Fluids 802  Electronic Controls 807  Heat Exchangers, 810  Motors 803  Couplings & Fittings

Heaters, Aftercoolers, 811  Pumps 804  Cylinders

Dryers 812  Seals & Packing 10. I plan on purchasing the above products in the next: 68  0-3 months 69  3-6 months

70  6-9 months

Please send information about the International Fluid Power Society (check all that apply) 897  Membership 898  Certification 899  Training/Education

71  12+ months

813  Vacuum 814  Valves 815  Software

REQUEST FREE

product information online at fluidpowerjournal.com

ISSUE: May 2019 EXPIRES: June 30, 2019

SUBSCRIBE BY MAIL FILL OUT THIS CARD COMPLETELY, DETACH, AND MAIL OR FAX IT TO START YOUR SUBSCRIPTION MAIL TO: PO BOX 2548 • ORLANDO, FL 32802-9830 • FAX: 1-866-207-1450 YOU CAN ALSO SUBSCRIBE ONLINE AT WWW.FLUIDPOWERJOURNAL.COM. 01  YES! Please start/continue my complimentary subscription to the Fluid Power Journal Signature (required)

Title (required)

Date (required)

Telephone

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02  NO. Not interested. /

/

Please Type or Print Clearly: First Name

Middle Initial

Last Name

Company

Division

Web Address

Address

Mail Stop

City

State

Zip Code

 Check here if you would like to keep your name, address, phone and fax numbers confidential, and not released to third parties The address above is my:  Home Address  Business Address Which edition would you like to receive?  Print  Digital  Both (View a sample of our PAPERLESS digital edition at www.fluidpowerjournal.com) 1. Do you specify, select or influence the purchase of components & systems, on new or existing machinery?

If yes, which technologies? (check all that apply) 05  Hydraulic 06  Pneumatic 07  Vacuum 08  Electronic Controls

03  Yes

04  No.

09  None of These

2. What is your primary job title? (check only one) 10  Administration: Chairman, President, V.P., Secretary, Treasury, General Manager, Owner, Business Manager, Director, etc.

11  Plant Operations: VP of Manufacturing/ Operation/ Production, Plant Management/ Director/ Manager/ Supervisor/ Superintendent/ Foreman/ Safety Director, etc.

12  Engineering: V.P. Eng., Eng., Design Eng., Director of Eng., Staff Specialist, Chief Eng., Senior Eng., Maintenance/Production Eng., etc.

13  Technical: Chief Tech., Fluid Power Tech., etc.

14  Mechanical: Chief Master Mech., Master Mech., Fluid Power Mech., etc.

15  Purchasing: VP/Director of Purch., Procurement Manager, Buyer, Purch., etc.

16  Other: (please specify)_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Number of employees at this location?

A  1-19 B  20-49 C  50-99

D  100-249

E  250-499

F  500-999

4. What is the primary business activity at this location?

In the Fluid Power Industry, Outside the Fluid Power Industry 56  Manufacturer 57  Distributor 58  Education 59  Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) 61  Other: (please specify)__________________________________________ 5. Which of the following best describes your market focus?

A  Aerospace A  Marine & Offshore Equipment B  Agricultural Machinery B  Material Handling Equipment C  Automotive C  Mining Machinery D  Civil Engineering D  Packaging Machinery E  Cranes E  Plastic Machinery F  Drills & Drilling Equip.

F  Presses & Foundry G  Flame Cutting/Welding Equip. G  Railroad Machinery H  Food Machinery H  Road Construct/Maint. Equip.

I  Forestry I  Simulators & Test Equipment J  Furnaces J  Snow Vehicles, Ski Lifts K  Gas & Oilfield Machinery K  Steel Plants & Rolling Mills L  Heavy Construction & Equip. L  Truck & Bus Industry M  Military Vehicles M  Textile Machinery N  Construction & Utility Equip.

N  Woodworking Machines O  Machine Tools O  Other (specify)_____________ P  Government Related P  Fluid Power Industry

G  1000+

60  End User of Fluid Power Products

MY COMPANY SHOULD BE ADVERTISING IN OR SUBMIT AN ARTICLE TO THE FLUID POWER JOURNAL. PLEASE CONTACT THIS PERSON: NAME:_ _____________________________________ TITLE:_______________________________________

SCAN HERE

PHONE:_____________________________________

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