A Review Paper on Triangular Patch MIMO Antennas for Wireless Communication

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Volume 2, Spl. Issue 2 (2015)

e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426

A Review Paper on Triangular Patch MIMO Antennas for Wireless Communication Sheifali Gupta1 , Amanpreet Kaur2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering , Thapar University, Punjab, India 1

sheifali4pisces@gmail.com, 2amanpreet.kaur@thapar.edu

Abstract – This paper presents a review article on the design of MIMO systems with three equilateral triangular patches. The impact of mutual coupling on system performance is analysed . The wide beam characteristics and the high gain of each antenna element , improvement in SNR and interference rejection of MIMO system are also studied. Both correlation effects and variation of antenna gain due to mutual coupling mechanism are considered . Due to mutual coupling and correlation , it is shown that the antenna achieves good polarisation and diversity gain. Index terms – MIMO systems; mutual coupling; correlation; microstrip antennas; equilateral triangular patch antenna ; diversity gain. 1.

INTRODUCTION

Due to the development in multimedia technology, there is need to raise the capacity and reliability for wireless communication systems. It is becoming difficult to achieve all the above requirements using SISO systems, due to limited channel capacity[1 , 2]. By using various diversity schemes , i.e transmitting diversity , reception diversity and channel coding techniques, we can implement MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems which are able to transmit multiple decorrelated signals of same power level, through spatial multiplexing . These signals are then received at receiver and combined using diversity techniques . Main advantages of MIMO are increased capacity & reliability over SISO , with same power and no bandwidth expansion. Major requirements of MIMO systems are maximum channel capacity and minimum BER . To achieve these requirements , we need to use antennas in a configuration called arrays in the MIMO systems . Antennas used for making array are preferably the microstrip antennas as these are most successful and revolutionary antenna technology ever , with several advantages such as;

Arrays that are used in MIMO systems are required to have high gain , wide lobe pattern and high isolation between the antenna elements in order to achieve an optimised performance. This paper presents the review work done on realization of MIMO antenna array with equilateral triangular patch antennas . The arrangement of triangular patch antennas is done in special manner , so that good radiation pattern and polarisation diversity can be achieved.[6]

2. TRIANGULAR PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY DESIGN MIMO antenna array are realized with equilateral triangular patches which are arranged in a configuration that provides good polarisation and radiation properties to be used in mobile applications. We prefer triangular patches over rectangular patches for array elements because as the no. of array elements increases the gain and directivity increases both for rectangular and triangular patch antennas but the side lobe levels in rectangular patch is worse than that in triangular patch antennas . Also , the antenna height required for triangular patch antennas are low , so this solves the issue of compactness for the mobile applications[4]. Here the various design configurations for triangular patch antenna arrays are given by different authors which are: 2.1 DESIGN OF 4*1 TRIANGULAR PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY Author Yahya S. H. Khraisat & Melad M. Olaimat designed 4x1 array of triangular patches , quarter wave transformer is used to feed the elements[4].The radiation pattern for this array is in broadside direction.The radiation pattern improves as no. of array increases therefore impact of mutual coupling reduces for the array.

light weight , low profile , easy and low cost fabrication , conformable to planar and non-planar surfaces , mechanical robustness , easy association in arrays. These antennas are used in many and varied military & commercial applications such as radar , satellite communication , WLANS, Ultra wideband & radio frequency identification (RFID).[9]

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BUEST, Baddi

RIEECE -2015


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