Design of Planar Inverted F-Antenna for Multiband Applications

Int. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

Vol. 2, Spl. Issue 1 (2015)

e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426

Design of Planar Inverted F-Antenna for Multiband Applications Praveen Kumar Sharma1,2and Garima Saini2 1

Department of Electronics and Communication, BK Birla Inst. of Engg. and Tech., CEERI Road, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India 2National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, UT 160019, India praveen.sharma@bkbiet.ac.in Abstract—Planar Inverted F- Antenna (PIFA) is widely used in handheld devices because of its various advantages like compact size, good bandwidth and moderate radiation patterns. In this paper, a design of Planar Inverted FAntenna(PIFA) is proposed that resonates at the frequency of 2.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 300MHz. The relative permittivity of the substrate used is 2.2. The antenna is fed by coaxial feed. Also, gain, VSWR and radiation pattern of the antenna are studied.

Keywords— Co-axial feed, gain, HFSS, return loss,PIFA.

I. INTRODUCTION The main problem while designing an antenna is to improve the efficiency and performance and at the same time ensuring cost efficient, compact size antenna. This demand of the cellular communication world led to the increasing demand of PIFA. The usually used microstrip and patch antennas have dimensions in the range of λ/2, whereas PIFA has much smaller dimensions that is in the range of λ/4. A PIFA generally has a substrate of desired permittivity, sandwiched between two parallel conducting plates. The lower plate act as a ground plane and the upper plate as resonating patch. A shorting pin is introduced along with the feed pin, and the distance between them controls the value of input impedance.

II. PROPOSED ANTENNA DESIGN The dimensions of the antenna are 4.85 cm x 3.24 cm, the substrate introduced between the ground having dimensions 10cm x 10 cm and the patch is of thickness 62mm. The feed pin and shorting pin inserted between the patch and ground have radius 0.13 cm and 0.0433 cm respectively. The antenna design is shown in fig 1 and fig 2.

Fig 2. The proposed antenna design

The substrate used have relative permittivity of 2.2, the antenna is fed through a co-axial feed connected to a 50Ω transmission line. The shorting pin and feed pin is of same material, i.e., PEC. III. PARAMETERS AND SPECIFICATIONS Operating frequency = 2.5 GHz Relative permittivity of the substrate = 2.2 Table 1. Design Parameters

Parameter

Dimensions

Patch

4.85 cm × 3.24 cm

Ground

10 cm × 10 cm

Substrate

10 cm × 10 cm × 62mm

Shorting pin

Radius= 0.0433 cm, Height= 62 mm

Feed pin

Radius= 0.13 cm, Height= 62 mm

IV. SIMULATED RESULTS Using Ansoft HFSS (High Frequency Structural Simulator) software, the desired results such as return loss,S11 parameter, Gain, 3D polar plots, bandwidth and E and H fields for the proposed antenna are observed. Fig 3 shows the S11 parameter versus frequency plot. The resonating frequency is found to be 2.5 GHz.

Fig 1. The patch of the antenna

181

NITTTR, Chandigarh

EDIT-2015

Int. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

Vol. 2, Spl. Issue 1 (2015)

e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426

Fig 6. Plot for VSWR

Fig 3. Return Loss versus Frquency

Figure 4 and Figure 5 shows the 2D and 3D plot of the radiation pattern of the antenna.

Fig 7. E- Field(vector) Distribution

Fig 8.H-Field(vector) Distribution

Figure 9 and figure 10 shows the input impedance and gain (rectangular plot) respectively.

Fig 4. 2D Radiation Pattern

Fig. 9 Input Impedance

Fig 5. 3D Radiation Pattern

Figure 6 shows the VSWR plot versus frequency. Figure 7 and figure 8 shows the E and H field distribution on the patch.

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Int. Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

Vol. 2, Spl. Issue 1 (2015)

e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426

REFERENCES

Fig 10. Rectangular Plot for Gain

V. CALCULATED RESULTS Return Loss at 2.5 GHz = -2.60 dB Bandwidth of the antenna at -1 dB return loss = 300 MHz Maximum value of Gain = 28.5362, Phi = 0 deg and 24.6026, Phi = 90 deg.

Frequency sweep = 2.54 GHz VI.

CONCLUSION

A PIFA is successfully designed supporting WLAN frequency resonating at 2.5 GHz, the desired WLAN frequency is achieved but other performance parameters such as return loss are not as per the requirements. So, optimization of size and design is required to obtain the same.

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However, further modifications in the design can make the antenna resonate at more than one frequency with desired outputs.

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