Electro-pneumatic Lift and Carry Conveying System

IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 10 | April 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Electro-Pneumatic Lift and Carry Conveying System Ms. Shweta P. Kadam B.E. Student Department of Instrumentation Engineering AISSMS’s IOIT, University of Pune, India

Ms. Himani D. Bhavsar B.E. Student Department of Instrumentation Engineering AISSMS’s IOIT, University of Pune, India

Mr. Vishal R. Gaikwad B.E. Student Department of Instrumentation Engineering AISSMS’s IOIT, University of Pune, India

Mrs. Sheetal V. Kulkarni Assistant Professor Department of Instrumentation Engineering AISSMS’s IOIT, University of Pune, India

Abstract In factory automation and industrial manufacturing, material handling mechanism of lifting and carrying the objects are widely found. This material handling mechanism has been highly developed right from use of manual labour till the use of advanced strategies. This paper involves design and development of electro-pneumatic lift and carries conveying system used for material handling. It comprises mainly of conveying belts, IR sensors, microcontroller unit, solenoid valves and pneumatic actuators. The purpose of this system is to transfer an object from a conveyor to another conveyor placed at certain height and distance using pneumatic actuators. An IR sensor helps to detect the object and their location on conveyor line giving signal to the microcontroller unit which controls the action of the actuators.

Keywords: Automation, electro-pneumatics, IR sensors, material handling, microcontroller, pneumatic actuators, solenoid valves ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I.

INTRODUCTION

This project is a development of an automated material handling system used for shifting of objects. It is based on embedded and electro-pneumatic systems. Automation has led in raising the quality standard of a product by improving productivity and minimizing variations in manufactured components.

Material handling is movement and storage of material using proper methods and equipment at the lowest possible cost. The main objective of material handling system is to reduce the unit cost of production. . The other objectives are: 1) Reduce manufacturing cycle time 2) Reduce delays and damages 3) Promote safety and improve working conditions 4) Maintain or improve product quality 5) Promote productivity Electro-pneumatics is widely used in many areas of industrial low cost automation. Electro-pneumatic control consists of electrical control systems operating pneumatic power systems. Solenoid valves are used as interface between electric and pneumatic systems. In this system the signal medium is an electrical signal (AC or DC) and the working medium is compressed air. The final control element is activated by solenoid actuation. Electro-pneumatic systems have higher reliability and lower planning, commissioning and installation effort.

Modern embedded systems are usually based on microcontrollers. Microcontroller is a self-contained system with peripherals, memory and a processor. These systems are usually dedicated to specific tasks reducing size and cost of the product and increasing reliability and performance.

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

904

Electro-Pneumatic Lift and Carry Conveying System (IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 163)

II. DESIGN OF SYSTEM

Fig. 1: Block Diagram of Conveying system

Block diagram of the proposed system is as shown in fig 1. It consist of 1) Pneumatic assembly 2) Conveyor assembly 3) Proximity sensors 4) Microcontroller 5) Power supply 6) Control panel The proposed system is an integration of Electro-Pneumatic system and embedded system. Microcontroller is the main controller which will accept the inputs from IR sensor and actuate the cylinders accordingly. The microcontroller also controls the conveyor motors.

Pneumatic assembly: It consists of pneumatic actuators placed on the mechanical frame controlled through a microcontroller via Solenoid valves.

The pressurized air is supplied through air compressor which is further regulated and filtered using Air Filter and Regulator (AFR) unit.

Conveyor assembly: It consists of two conveyor belts with motors place on the mechanical frame at a certain distance and height from one another.

The c conveyor motors are driven by motor driver IC and are controlled by the microcontroller. It is used to carry objects from one location to another.

IR sensors: It is used to locate the object and give signal to the microcontroller to take necessary action.

Microcontroller: It is the main element of the system. It is used to control the electro-pneumatic cylinders and conveyor motors. It accepts signals from the IR sensors and gives control output signals to the cylinders and conveyor motors, in a proper synchronized and sequential manner.

Power Supply: It supplies the required power to the micro-controller and motor driver.

Control Panel: It is used for start and shut off of the whole system.

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

905

Electro-Pneumatic Lift and Carry Conveying System (IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 163)

III. COMPONENTS OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEM The following are the components required to build the pneumatic assembly.

1) Air compressor.

2) Air Filter and Regulator unit with indicator gauge.

3) Solenoid Valve.

4) Pneumatic Actuators.

5) Pneumatic Connectors.

6) Pneumatic Piping IV. WORKING OF THE SYSTEM Schematic diagram of the proposed system is shown in fig2.

Fig. 2: Schematic Diagram of the conveying system

In this system the object placed on the lower conveyor is to be transferred to the upper conveyor using the cylinders. The cylinder placed vertically is used for lifting the object to a certain height i.e. height of upper conveyor. The cylinder placed horizontally pushes the object which to carry it on the upper conveyor. The motion of the cylinders is controlled by the microcontroller taking the signals from the IR sensors.

V. ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTEM The advantages of the proposed system are: 1) Reduction in human efforts due to automation.

2) Low cost of production of system due to use of microcontroller.

3) Simple and easy installation of the pneumatic system as compared to the hydraulic system.

4) Low cost transportation of objects.

5) Maintains quality standard of the product.

VI. RESULT The design of electro-pneumatic lift and carry system using microcontroller is done. The objective of transporting the objects from one conveyor to another at certain height and distance is met.

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

906

Electro-Pneumatic Lift and Carry Conveying System (IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 163)

Fig. 3: Implemented system of electro pneumatic lifts and carries conveying system

VII. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE Development of electro pneumatic lift and carry conveying system is done and it can be used for material handling in various industries. The system can be designed using PLC and hydraulics for heavy objects. By placing cameras on the conveyor we can have fault check as well as sorting of the object ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our sincere and whole hearted thanks to our guide Mrs.S.V.Kulkarni and HOD Prof. H.P.Chaudhari who distributed with us their valuable time and knowledge and provided the guidance throughout the project work.

REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

S. R. Majumdar “Pneumatic Systems Principles and Maintenance”, Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., 24, 978-0-07-460231-7.

David Mills "Pneumatic Conveying Design Guide", Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Publication, 0-7506-5471-6, 2004.

Prof.(Dr) V. V. Sople "Material Handling Equipment: Exploiting Productivity Potential in Supply Chain", SEARCH, Issue Vol. 10, No.10, October 2007.

Bela G.Liptak “Process measurement and analysis” , Chilton Book Company, Randor Pensylvania, Third Edition.

Petruzella “Industrial Electronics” Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd. Pneumatic, Festo Diatic.

A. Mazidi “AVR Microcontroller and Embedded System”, Prentice Hall.

All rights reserved by www.ijste.org

907