IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 07 | January 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-784X
Land use and Land Cover Change Detection Using Remote Sensing and GIS, A Case Study of Nandhiyar Sub Basin, Tamil Nadu, India P. Ramamoorthy Department of Civil Engineering Mailam Engineering College
Dr. S. Sundararaman Department of Civil Engineering Mailam Engineering College
S. Raju Department of Civil Engineering Mailam Engineering College
Abstract Land use refers to the main activity of man on the land, which is directly related to land and land resources. The study land use is therefore become a very important tool in the hands of the planners of urban, rural or regional, to assess and forecast land use necessities and to assign apt use to land resources. Remote Sensing and GIS serves as a modern tool for data acquisition and the techniques are applied to resource evaluation including land use studies. The increasing trend of urbanization it affects the agricultural, water resources and ecosystems which are available in the study area. The results show that significant land use changes occurred in the study area Nandhiyar sub basin, between the years 1994, 2004 and 2010 respectively, which may be related to economic development and urban expansion between 1994, 2004 and 2010. The result reveals that the maximum changes were noticed in increase in Tanks, Settlement, wasteland category in the study area. Keywords: Land use, Built-up land, Remote sensing, GIS, Sub basin,2004 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION Knowledge of land use and land cover is important for many planning and management activities and considered as essential element for modeling and understanding the earth as a system (Nagarajan and Poongothai,2011). Land use is obviously constrained by environmental factors such as soil characteristics, climate, topography, and vegetation. But it also reflects the importance of land as a key and finite resource for most human activities including agriculture, industry, forestry, energy production, settlement, recreation, and water catchment and storage. For sustainable utilization of the land ecosystems, it is essential to know the natural characteristics, extent and location, its quality, productivity, suitability and limitations of various land uses (Muthusamy et., al.,2010). Landuse is a product of interactions between a society's cultural background, state, and its physical needs on the one hand, and the natural potential of land on the other (Ram and Kolarkar 1993). In order to improve the economic condition of the area without further deteriorating the bio environment, every bit of the available land has to be used in the most rational way. This requires the present and the past landuse/land cover data of the area (Chaurasia et al., 1996). In many remote sensing change detection studies, land use and land cover change often are used interchangeably (Green et al., 1994; Heikkonen and Varfis, 1998). During the last two decades, numerous studies have been published concerning accuracy assessment of land cover classifications (Rosenfield and FitzpatrickLins, 1986余 Foody, 1992余 Congalton, 1996). Over the years, remote sensing has been used for land use/land cover mapping in different parts of India (Gautam and Narayanan, 1983: Sharma et al, 1984: Jain, 1992; Brahabhatt et al, 2000). Application of remotely sensed data made possible to study the changes in land cover in less time, at low cost and with better accuracy (Pandian et al., (2014). Geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing are well-established information technologies, the value of which for applications in land and natural resources management are now widely recognized. They are, however, still essentially separate technologies and practitioners still generally consider themselves primarily involved with one or the other (Qiming Zhou,1995).
II. STUDY AREA The total aerial extent of the study area is 622.26 sq.km. It covers in Survey of India toposheets (SOI) 57 O/7, 57 O/8, 57 O/11 and 57 O/12. The study area(Fig.1) is bounded on the eastern and southern sides by Kosasthalaiyar sub basin, north by Nagari sub basin and western side by Andhrapradesh State.
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