Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development

IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 09 | March 2017 ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development Omkar Sharad Khade PG Student Department of Civil Engineering G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur (India)

Dr. B. V. Khode Professor Department of Civil Engineering G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur (India)

Prof. V. K. Bhakhtyapuri Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur (India)

Abstract In metropolitan cities, rapidly increased new construction development activities and every new development has its own traffic impact which can be affect the surrounding road network. In this research we study the systematic method to analyze traffic impact of a new construction development which can generate and attract traffic demand around the road network according to survey and analysis of existing traffic condition. To analyze, Regression method is used; evaluation of traffic growth rate is done according to past traffic data and forecast future traffic condition after development in terms of Level of service (LOS) of road.

The distribution of traffic volume orderly to make sure the balance of the project won’t affect the existing traffic condition. The traffic impact analysis can help to forecast the traffic volume activities for later on years, basically to investigate the different traffic elements having sway on movement conditions after improvement. Traffic assignment is involving the pattern, which is generated traffic will be distributed on according to residual capacity of surrounding roads. The traffic impact research can help to detect projected traffic condition, thus planning is made to provide facilities to minimize the traffic problems after complete commercial developments. An attempt has been done to reduce the traffic impact be mitigated by staggered office timing and carpooling 30% reduced generation and attraction traffic of Corporate Park, Carpooling introducing some AC buses and transportation facilities. Due to staggered office timing and carpooling have been observed and the traffic volume will be diverted to the proposed transportation amenities constructed which is front of study area thus the traffic condition will be reduced and LOS will be improved.

Keywords: Traffic impact, Traffic Assignment, Traffic volume, Level of service, Residual capacity ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I.

INTRODUCTION

In urban areas rapidly increase the new construction development and its new development produced and attract traffic around the road network, this traffic produced negative impact on current urban transportation. Both developed and developing countries one of the major causes of traffic congestion is more because of lack of traffic planning and Provision. The study of traffic impact analysis means to analyze current traffic condition around the road network and possible mitigation measure in to the integrated land use and transportation planning for the new development area.

A Traffic Impact Analysis is a study carried out to predict, the magnitude and effects of new proposed development. And Project generated traffic will have on the transportation network. In these project we analyze the traffic impact of proposed development commercial business park affected on surrounding traffic and Determine the improvement that are necessary to accommodation the new development of anticipated traffic. Its Help to ensure safe and reasonable traffic conditions i.e. volume, flow, capacity etc. on around streets after the development is completed also Reduce negative impacts created by developments it’s helping to ensure that the transportation network can accommodate the development The site of project in Mumbai region which is one of the biggest cities in India, thus the different types of transportation facilities are provided but these facilities cannot fulfill existing traffic condition. Also the growth of population and new construction development is increase, thus more traffic related problems are arises. In this project we study the traffic impact on new development which is constructing in existing corporate park this corporate park already generate and attract large scale of traffic volume. To determine traffic impact analysis on this new development surrounding road network and search to shows that traffic impact can help to forecast the activity of traffic volume in future. The goal of this research is to determine projected traffic condition for planning process as to decrease the traffic problems after the completion of this new commercial development; to provide the improved traffic facilities. In this project we study the factors of traffic impact on roadway network i.e. capacity of road, signalized intersection, and existing traffic on roads in term of hourly vehicle and hourly PCU and the traffic distribution according to residual capacity of surrounding road network. Determine traffic impact on LOS of roads with respect to v/c ratio.

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Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 099)

The traffic impact analysis survival research can be done in past year et al. (2012) analyze traffic impact of urban construction project based to study analysis of project background, traffic forecast, traffic assignment and traffic impact using function regression analysis also to help of traffic simulation et al. (2015) The traffic impact assessment method used to literature study and compare traffic impact analysis model applied such has calculating trip generation ,trip rate based on interview of worker and visitor to selecting based on traffic composition to predict traffic impact analysis et al. (2010) To study traffic impact on roads during construction period and analyze traffic impact factor to find optimal path and forecast traffic flow to solving congestion problems efficiently. The parameter can be study to traffic forecast to focus on investigation of OD, traffic volume, behavior of employment and residential flow. Evaluated traffic impact based on density of road, traffic volume, vehicle speed etc. to solve the traffic problems, regulate and control the traffic flow systimsatically.et.al (2009)to study on traffic impact analysis of ring road with compare real road network with the help of simulation different traffic effect model. The result finds out the ring increases travel cost and travel distance by city.

II. STUDY AREA The project site is a MIDC modern region Ghansoli at New Mumbai in state of Maharashtra 400701. And close thane Belapur road existing business corporate park is over 500 acres. In this new developments one of the part of corporate park, the surrounding road network of this corporate park is thane Belapur road which is operate 6 lane divided two way arterial road, Silphata-Mahape road which is operate 4 lane divided two way arterial road, and Mahape MIDC road which is operate 4 lane divided two way arterial road. The corporate park has provided its own service road which is parallel to the thane Belapur road.

The entry exit of main gate, gate no.1, gate no.2, gate no.3, gateNo.4 is on thane Belapur road and entry exit of gate No.5 and gate No.6 is on Mahape MIDC road. The surrounding road network of development as shown in fig.1

Fig. 1: Location map and Existing Travel Pattern of Ingress and Egress to the Corporate Park

III. STUDY METHODOLOGY Analysis of Existing Condition The analysis of traffic currently using the data traffic density, volume, speed to determine the level of service thus foe collection data of existing roadway network we conducted main three types of survey can be done i.e. Mid-Block traffic Volume Count ,Turning Movement traffic volume Count at Junction, Road Inventory Survey, site reconnaissance survey. The duration of survey is 12hrs at 8:00AM to 8:00PM with 15min time interval.

Analysis of Trip Generation and Attraction To analysis of trip generation and attraction of whole Commercial Park as number of people working and number of vehicle ownership as independent variables, traffic Generation/Attraction surveys to establish the rate for traffic generation per unit area/per employee for such commercial developments thus conducted Vehicle Entry/Exit Volume count survey can be do neat all

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Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 099)

seven Gates of new development in corporate park. The duration of survey is 12hrs at 8:00AM to 8:00PM with 15min time interval.

Fig. 2: Hourly Variation in vehicle/PCU volume

Fig. 3: Mode wise comparison of vehicle Entry+Exit in volume

After completing the surveys the Entry Exit value of all gates in terms of vehicle volume PCU/hr. As shown Fig .2 Graphs shows the Hourly Variation in vehicle/PCU volume with respect to time. The morning peak time is 9AM to10AM as Vehicle Entry is Maximum and Evening Peak time is 7PM to 8PM as Vehicle Exit is Maximum. Also show the Entry + Exit volume vehicle and PCUs. As shown Fig.3 the graph Mode wise comparison of vehicle Entry +Exit in volume with respect to time it observed the graph Morning peak and Evening peak the contribution of Car, Taxi and Two wheeler is maximum compare to Bus, auto, and LCVs.

Fig. 4: Mod wise contribution of Vehicle Entry +Exit volume

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Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 099)

Fig. 5: Contribution of chauffeur Driven and self-Driven

As shown Fig No. 4 Graph describe Mod-wise contribution of Vehicle Entry +Exit volume(12hrs)The percentage composition of Cars, Taxis, Autos, Two-wheelers, Buses, LCVs/Mini buses, and Bicycle in the total traffic inflow is 52%, 20%, 7%, 20%, 2%, 3% and 0.1% respectively in all seven Gates. Fig No. 5 in Graph describe traffic generation attraction Contribution of chauffeur Driven and self-Driven to getting value of car ownership categories Traffic Growth Rate To establish the future traffic growth rate to used approach has past trends in traffic growth on the projected road thus we used the method i.e.

Growth rate based on past traffic data Past traffic data as collected from two years ago is available from two locations midblock near Gate No.1 at Thane Belapur Road and Silphata-Mahape road along the project corridor. This data is available from June to July month of last two years. To used IRC 108:1996 determine the traffic growth rate through a regression analysis. The expressing the compounding factor of growth of traffic is the formula: Pn=Po (1+r) n Where, Pn = Traffic in the nth year.

Po = Traffic Flow in the base year. n = Number of year. r =Annual growth rate of traffic.

For the value obtained above calculation the Growth rate of traffic in Thane Belapur Road is 5% which is a 6 lane divided two way Arterial road and the Silphata-Mahape Road is 3% which is a 4 lane divided two way Arterial.

Trip Generation attraction Growth Rate The process of estimating future traffic levels generated from the existing corporate park involves the identification of suitable trip generation/attraction rates obtained from the surveys and applying these to proposed development. Assumptions are then made regarding the likely external road routing of this traffic to the development recognizing the final entry/exit arrangements.

The net future development site traffic is then superimposed onto the existing traffic to provide an estimate of the future traffic conditions on the external roads serving the development.

Now in Existing condition 20000 employs are work in the corporate park when complete the new development in corporate park the employs will be 8000 increase thus the simple regression analysis calculation the trip generation attraction growth rate is Table – 1 Trip Generation attraction Growth Rate Morning Peak Evening Peak

Entry

Exit

Total

Entry

Exit

Total

0.16

0.02

0.18

0.01

0.11

0.12

Analysis of future condition To analysis future condition used the trip generation and attraction growth rate of a new development and traffic growth rate to be found past traffic data. To determine residual capacity around the roads and distributed future traffic on them, to make sure the traffic scenario around new development is balanced. Comparison of the congestion index (V/C ratio) is drawn between the existing traffic conditions and the projected traffic conditions in after five years 2021.

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Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 099)

In following chart we determine level of service LOS in existing traffic and future traffic (2021) condition of all surrounding roads. Also try to improve LOS of roads using traffic facilities i.e. staggered office timing and carpooling 30% reduced traffic generation attraction of corporate park and new proposed transportation amenities.

Table – 2 Comparison of Congestion Indices (V/C Ratio) Sr.NO

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Grade

Arterial Road

Sub-Arterial Road

Sub-Arterial Road

Arterial Road

Sub-Arterial Road

Arterial Road

Arterial Road

Road Name

Traffic Scenario

Volume (PCU's/Hr)

Capacity (PCU's/Hr)

V/C Ratio (Congestion Index)

Level of Service (LOS)

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

6009

5400

1.1

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

7846

5400

1.5

F

7762

5400

1.4

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

1327

3600

0.4

B

Thane Belapur Road towards Belapur Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office (in Front of GATE B) Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling

Rabale to thane Belapur road (in Front of Gate B)

Ghansoli to Thane Belapur Road (in front of Gate A)

Thane Belapur Road towards Thane (Silphata Mahape Road X Thane Belapur Road Junction)

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

1069

1200

0.9

E

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

1497

1200

1.2

F

Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling

1434

1200

1.2

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

985

1200

0.8

D

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

1646

2400

0.7

D

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

2233

2400

0.9

E

Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling

2171

2400

0.9

E

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

2233

2400

0.9

E

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

7287

5400

1.3

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

9654

5400

1.8

F

Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling

9487

5400

1.8

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

2214

5400

0.4

B

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

1026

1200

0.9

E

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

1398

1200

1.2

F

1356

1200

1.1

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

1398

1200

1.2

F

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

4413

3600

1.2

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

5273

3600

1.5

F

5200

3600

1.4

F

5273

3600

1.5

F

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

3396

3600

0.9

E

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

4094

3600

1.1

F

4021

3600

1.1

F

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

4094

3600

1.1

F

Existing Traffic ( Year 2016)

1998

3600

0.6

C

Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) with proposed development

2527

3600

0.7

D

2434

3600

0.7

D

2527

3600

0.7

D

Thane to Belapur Front Service Road Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office Near Gate D Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling

Silphata Mahape Road towards Mahape Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office (Silphata Mahape Road X Central Road Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling N Junction Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

Silphata Mahape Road towards Silphata (Silphata Mahape Road X Central Road Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office N Junction) Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling

8

Arterial Road

MIDC Road in front of Gate E Towards Silphata Mahape Road X Central Road Projected Traffic( Year 2021)Staggered office Timing (30% traffic reduced) + Car Pooling N Junction Projected Traffic ( Year 2021) after complete Bridge in front of proposed development

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Evaluation of Traffic Impact on Road Network due to New Commercial Development (IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 099)

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The traffic impact research also determines the capacity on roadway network which can help to arrange traffic distribution according to residual capacity PCU/hr. of surrounding road network. The goal of this research is to determine projected traffic condition in terms of level of service of roads, for planning process as to decrease the traffic problems after the completion of this new commercial development; to provide the improved traffic facilities i.e. staggered office timing and carpooling 30% reduction of traffic have been observed and the traffic volume will be divert to the proposed transportation amenities constructed which is front of study area thus the traffic condition will be reduced and LOS will be improved due to this two facilities. As shown Graph No.1 the final result of existing and projected traffic impact on road network.

Fig. 1: Comparision of LOS existing and projected condition on road network

V. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION Points Observed and Recommendations:  Thane-Belapur road and Silphata-Mahape road is carrying traffic more than the capacity, further increases will lead to traffic jams.  Mahape-MIDC road (near gate.no.5) has sufficient residual capacity to carry additional traffic.  Completion of construction of Thane-Belapur flyover in between gate no.4 and main gate will make through traffic movement of Thane-Belapur road easier. Moreover, accessibility to the corporate park will also improve.  The additional traffic impact on surrounding roads (i.e. thane-Belapur road, Silphata-Mahape road and Mahape MIDC road) of corporate park can be mitigated by staggered office timing of Corporate Park  Further it can also be mitigated by carpooling and introducing some AC buses and other transportation facilities.  The traffic on Thane-Belapur road and Silphata-Mahape road is becoming worst even with regular traffic growth. Therefore after proposed development in place, it will become more congested.

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Karda.D.Yayat et al. (2015) “Traffic impact assessment practice in Indonesia” International conference, Intelligent planning towards smarts cities.

XiaofangZou et al. (2012)”Traffic Impact Analysis of Urban Construction Projects Based on Traffic simulation”24 th chines control and decision conference (CCDC) IEEE. Ma Shiyong et al. (2010)”A study of the impact on during construction period”IEEE. Ge Zhiyuanet al. (2009) “Study on the traffic impact analysis of the Second Ring Road in Beijing”, IEEE. Angélica Lozano et al. (2014)”Impacts of modifications on urban road infrastructure and traffic management a case study “science direct.

Hemanth M Kamplimath et al. (2013)”Traffic growth rate estimation using transport demand elasticity method: A case study for national highway63,IJRET.

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