An Intelligent Car Controller for Aarhythmias Using Arm Controller

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR TRENDS IN ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 2 ISSUE 1 – OCTOBER 2014 - ISSN: 2349 - 9303

An Intelligent Car Controller for Aarhythmias Using Arm Controller D.Mathesh1

A.Kalaiarasi2

RVS CET, PG Scholar, Embedded System, E-mail:dmathesh@gmail.com

RVS CET, Assistant Professor, EEE, E-mail:respond2kalai@yahoo.in

ABSTRACT: We have a tendency towards area unit interfacings an intelligent system within the automobile so as to avoid the accidents as a result of arrhythmias. A heart beat sensing an element is employed to select the signals from the finger and therefore ceaselessly monitor the heartbeat rate. The hardware completed the planning and affiliation of ARM embedded system, GPS module, obstacle testing module, totally different parameter observance sensing element modules and GSM module.

Introduce the vehicle location system that uses the ARM microprocessors as an impression unit the combination of GPS LR9548 and GSM TC35 modules, location answer, map-matching and information compress that associates with the positioning. If any vital sign arises abnormality the system activates alarm, slows down the automobile and parks it in an exceedingly safer place parallel. The GPS system won’t to location of the automobile are found which provides the latitude and meridian coordinate values and sent to the relatives through GSM. Index Terms: Heart Beat device, GPS, GSM, ARM, Intelligent Vehicle.

1 .INTRODUCTION: This is currently a heavy issue that could be at its atrocious rate and is relate be thought of seriously.

Asian country loses $20 billion attributable to road accidents annually. Health Organization (WHO) estimates are enough to feed five hundredths of the nation's unfed youngsters [4]. The amount of individuals killed in alcohol connected crashes has up slightly since 1999 ending years of steady decline. Last year’s seventeen, 448 were killed accounting for forty first of traffic deaths [6]. The fortification for the persons driving UN agency suddenly acquired arrhythmias [1].

Patients with arrhythmias could expertise completed or partial loss of consciousness. A driver UN agency falls asleep at the wheel loses management of the vehicle, Associate in Nursing action which frequently ends up in a crash with either another vehicle or stationary objects [2]. So as to stop these devastating accidents, the state of somnolence of the motive force ought to be monitored.

Here’s a system that functions as a pursuit and a security system. It’s the intelligent vehicle management for important remote location application. This technique will modify each pace and security [2]. The Vehicle watching andSecurity System could be a GPS primarily based vehicle pursuit system that's used for security applications similarly.

An Increasing variety of young Indians is falling prey to arterial blood vessel UN wellness. With millions hooked to a roller-coaster mode, the long run appearance even grimmer [1]. Patients with arrhythmias could expertise completes or partial loss of consciousness [1].

We all are often victims of sleepiness whereas drive, merely once too short night sleep, altered fitness or throughout long journeys. The feeling of sleep reduces

the driver's level of vigilance manufacturing dangerous things and will increase the likelihood of an event of accidents. Driver sleepiness and fatigue area unit among the vital causes of road accidents [2].

Fast moving and insecure world, it's becoming a basic necessity to bear in mind of one’s safety.What if the person traveling will be tracked and conjointly within the case of an emergency. Here’s a system that functions as a trailing and a security system. It’s the intelligent vehicle management for vital remote location application [3]. The Vehicle watching and Security System could be a GPS based mostly vehicle trailing system that's used for securityapplications yet. The project uses 2 main underlying ideas. These area unit GPSes (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication).The GPS antenna gift within the GPS module receives data |the knowledge |the data} from the GPS satellite in NMEA (National Marine physical science Association) formats and therefore it reveals the position information. This info got from the GPS antenna must be sent to the bottom station whereby it's decoded. Society already accepts bound degrees of risk by permitting the young and older to drive [7].

With the increasing town holdings of cars, there are a unit additional and additional traffic jams, thus necessities area unit that intelligent transportation desires additional improvement. The key technology of intelligent transportation is Vehicle positioning system, whereas the key of that is positioning system [3]. These days the foremost wide used positioning system may be a system consisting twenty four satellites who’s looking out space embrace the world. It will make sure that quite four satellites are ascertained at just once, that they will collect the line of longitude and latitude of the read

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purpose, and what is more realizing the operate of navigation, positioning, and time service.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY: According to the globe health organization, health care systems goals square measure healthiness for the voters, responsiveness to the expectations of the population, and truthful means that of funding operations. Progress towards them depends on however systems perform four important functions: provision of health care services, resource generation, financing, and position. Alternative dimensions for the analysis of health systems embody quality, efficiency, acceptableness, and equity [5]. This project deals with the implementation of automatic automobile management for arrhythmic patients (driver) and additionally causing of the doctor/relatives concerning the placement. In addition we have a tendency be exploitation alcohol detection. We have a tendency to use heart beat sensing elements still as alcohol sensing elements for this purpose. Additionally PLL (Phase Lock Loop), GSM, GPS, relay, driver, level converter, motor, manual and reset switches, warning lamp, buzzer, and ATMEL microcontroller. Thence this technique won't activate the vehicle, once the user is in bibulous condition associated manufacture an alert sound and light-weight if detected. Once the vehicle starts it endlessly monitor the heartbeat rate exploitation finger probe sensing element, impede and stops the vehicle to a safer aspect if any abnormality arises [7].

A driver who falls asleep at the wheel loses management of the vehicle, associate action which frequently leads to a crash with either another vehicle or stationary objects.

So as to forestall these devastating accidents, the state of temporary state of the motive force ought to be monitored.

Vehicle-based measures—A range of metrics, together with deviations from lane position, movement of the hand wheel, pressure on the acceleration pedal, etc., square measure perpetually monitored and any modification in these that crosses a given threshold indicates a considerably magnified likelihood that the driving force is drowsy.

Behavioural measures—The behaviour of the motive force, as well as yawning, eye closure, eye blinking, head pose, etc., is monitored through a camera and also the driver is alerted if any of those somnolence symptoms area unit detected.

Physiological measures—the correlation between physiological signals (electrocardiogram (ECG), myogram (EMG), electrooculogram (EoG) and graphical record (EEG)) and driver temporary state has been studied by several researchers.

Is also vulnerable once personal or skilled activities are performed by persons with arrhythmias which will impair consciousness [6].

It is necessary to use new technologies to style and build systems that square measure ready to monitor drivers and to live their level of attention throughout the whole method of driving. This paper, a module for ADAS (Advanced driver help System) is conferred so as to scale back the quantity of accidents caused by driver fatigue and so improve road safety [2]. System treats the automated detection of driver temporary state supported visual data and all. We tend to propose associate algorithmic rule to find, track and analyse each the driving force face and eyes to erasure PERCLOS (percentage of eye closure) [2].

Real time observation Associate in nursing automatic observation system may be established with GSM, during this vehicle mechanically determine and transfer crucial knowledge concerning the vehicle and operative conditions. The display will sendchanged management parameters and pointers to the vehicle driver. These parameters area unit temperature, alcohol detection, gas leak detection, stirring grip checking, etc [2].

The design of this paper vehicle positioning system supported ARM, a mix of GPS and GSM, will transfer the data of the vehicle like the position and speed to the observation canter in time, to create it convenient to regulate the traffic. What’s additional, users will use the arcanum to trace vehicles, for security and anti-robbery, decision manual/ automatic alarm, and check the vehicle position [3].

3.1 Situation analysis: Road accidents in Asian nation have reached a questionable extent. Formally the death in Asian nation owing to accidents tolls up to one.3 lakhs each year.

Asian nation currently has the worst road traffic accident rateworldwide. This is often currently asignificant issue that may be at its dreaded rate and is a touch be thought-about seriously. Most likely the foremost common drawback involved is that the wisdom of driving, as a result of the protection of each patients et al. could also be vulnerable once personal or skilled activities are performed by persons with arrhythmias which will impair consciousness. A driver who falls asleep at the wheel loses management of the vehicle, associate in nursing action which frequently ends up in a crash with either another vehicle or stationary objects.

So as to stop these devastating accidents, the state of somnolence of the driving force ought to be monitored [5].

3.2 National status:

3. PROBLEM DEFINITION: Project is completed as a security live for the persons driving WHO suddenly acquire arrhythmias. Patients with arrhythmias could expertise complete or partial loss of consciousness [5]. In all probability the foremost common downside involved is that the wideness’ of driving, as a result of the security of each patients et al.

The report is pointed on road accidents caused as a result of arrhythmias and inebriated drive. During a report from UN agency, it's found that the proportion of injuries linked to alcohol use was 58.9% .The number of individuals killed in alcohol connected crashes has up slightly since 1999 ending years of steady decline. Last

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR TRENDS IN ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 2 ISSUE 1 – OCTOBER 2014 - ISSN: 2349 - 9303

year’s seventeen, 448 were killed accounting for forty first of traffic deaths [1].

Stage II: lightweight sleep Stages III: deep sleep

3.3 International status: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates is enough to feed five hundredth of the nations undernourished youngsters. This report is pointed on road accidents caused because of arrhythmias and bibulous drive. in keeping with offered applied mathematics information, over 1.3 million folks die annually on the road and twenty to fifty million folks suffer non-fatal injuries because of road accidents the United States National route Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) cautiously calculable that a complete of one hundred,000 vehicle crashes annually area unit the direct results of driver temporary state. These crashes resulted in around one, 550 deaths, 71,000 injuries and $12.5 billion in financial losses. Within the year 2009, the United States National Sleep Foundation (NSF) according that fifty four of adult drivers have driven a vehicle whereas feeling drowsy and twenty eighth of them truly fell asleep.

The German Road Safety Council (DVR) claims that one in four route traffic fatalities area unit a results of fugitive driver temporary state. These statistics recommend that driver temporary state is one amongst the most causes of road accidents [4].

4. METHODOLOGIES: The projected methodology is targeted on up early detection, of the arrhythmias, driver sleepiness and dominant the automotive with automobile parking, they measurement the automotive speed, steering management, when the automotive stopped GPS,GSM system facilitate to trace the vehicle and send message to rescue team. during this methodology mistreatment the any condition notice mean the automotive can amendment manual toautomatic mode it will parking mechanically, suddenly it'll not stop on it place, it place the indicator by the utilization of opto mechanicaldevice sensing element it'll use for scale back the motor speed slowly [7]. The projected technique consists of integrated stages.

Stage 1: Detection Heart beat device senses the blood flow within the finger and sends the signal to microcontroller and ADC converts the analog price into digital price once the person/driver blows the air into the device and sends the signal to microcontroller. The term “drowsy” is similar with sleepy headed, that merely suggests that associate degree inclination to go to sleep. The stages of sleep will be classified as awake, non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), and speedy eye movement sleep (REM). The second stage, NREM, will be divided into the subsequent 3 stages.

Stage I: transition from responsive to asleep (drowsy)

The main block of intelligent vehicle parameter observance system is ARM-7 small controller that is heart of the system that provides observance and dominant actions. It senses signals from input blocks and processes output blocks. With the assistance numerous sensors various parameters area unit monitored [3]. The show LCD digital display alphanumeric display block is provided for visual display of the message. Additionally it unendingly displays the measured parameters. The RTC provides real clock counting on that the varied events occur.

Whenever accident takes place the accident interrupt block provides interrupt to the ARM-7 microcontroller.

Vehicle positioning System consists of HCI unit that is created of ARM System, GSM module, GPS module, Chinese digital display and therefore the keyboard. The vehicle terminal are often connected to the phone telephone set for voice transmission. The dedicated GPIO interfaces are often connected to the vehicle standing information. Each traffic junction can have a controller dominant the traffic flow. The traffic junction’s square measure cited as nodes and every node can have a GSM electronic equipment connected to the controller. The nodes square measure management led by a main server by causation the control messages to their GSM modems. Once a node is controlled and its traffic light is formed to be inexperienced for the machine to experience while not waiting, it's aforesaid to be in on state [7].

Stage 2: Processing and Control: Here we tend to square measure mistreatment IR sensing element for police work the centre beat. IR has less noise and close light-weight than at traditional optical wavelengths. The sunshine is created only if current passes through within the forward direction and blockcurrent within the reverse direction. Measuring device is associate degree infraredphotoelectrical sensing element accustomed record changes in pulsatile blood be due the finger [6]. This electrical device works with the principle of sunshine reflection, during this case the sunshine is infrared. The skin is employed as a reflective surface for infrared emission. The density of blood within the skin can have an effect on the IR reflectivity. In heart beat sensing element we tend to square measure mistreatment 2 diodes of forward bias and reverse bias severally. Among those one diode acts as a transmitter and another diode acts as a receiver. The amplified voltage is given to comparator wherever it's compared with reference voltage. One necessary limitation of mistreatment driving simulators is that the drivers don't understand any risk.

The awareness of being immersed in a much simulated setting may provide a behaviour that is completely different than that on real road. This last finding,

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rumoured by prince philip et al. contradicts the observation created by This fault et al. that, in a very real setting, the length of the drive doesn't impact the performance throughout the primary 2 hours there's a really high likelihood that a part sleep-deprived driver can become drowsy once driving in a very monotonous setting at a continuing speed for 3 hours throughout a time once their biological time is low [4]. GPS Wireless communication module. This style adapts the present leading GPS technology and also the integrated positioning chip LEADTED LR9548S. Specially designed for OEM Applications, it's a GPS receiver module with high sensitivity, low power consumption, and twenty channels. The controller compares it with a threshold price that is an empirical price (for an accident) and if it equals or exceeds that, then the controller mechanically switches on a siren within the vehicle. The traveller most likely wouldn't want the service of the auto, and might there-fore throw the siren before the timer counts to zero, by resetting the complete vehicle unit through the program, that is connected to the controller [7].

Stage 3: Data Analytics: The microcontroller is that the dominant brain of the system. Consistent with the received inputs it generates the outputs. PLL (Phase Lock Loop) acts because the obstacle detector device, helps within the safe parking of the automobile. DC Motor helps in dominant the speed of the automobile. Level convertor helps to speak with the microcontroller by avoiding the voltage twin between microcontroller and GSM, GPS. Driver works underneath TTL and converts the sign as “High” and “Low” and provides it to relay. Relay is associate electro-mechanical switch the low voltage to high voltage. the foremost ordinarily used sleepiness scale is that the Karolinska drowsiness Scale (KSS), a ninepoint scale that has verbal anchors for every step.

Researchers have determined that major lane departures, high nictation period and drowsiness-related physiological signals are current for KSS ratings between five and nine.

Because the amount of temporary state is measured some each five min, unexpected variations cannot be detected mistreatment subjective measures. Another limitation to mistreatment subjective ratings is that the Sensors 2012, twelve 16942 self-introspection alerts the motive force, thereby reducing their temporary state level. Additionally, it's tough to get temporary state feedback from a driver in an exceedingly real driving state of affairs. Therefore, whereas subjective ratings are helpful in determinant temporary state in an exceedingly simulated setting, the remaining measures is also higher fitted to the detection of temporary state in an exceedingly real setting. an eye fixed blink device, continuously monitors the no of times the attention blinks .if the attention blink count decreases which means the motive force is sleepy-eyed .in that case a buzzer is operated .here we tend to are mistreatment associate IR based mostly device that counts offers a

high pulse to the μc whenever the attention is shut and open.

GPIO Interface is to be connected with Traffic recorder, automotive alarm and security management. Through that Interface, microchip will have period observance of vehicles, circuits, gas pressure, temperature, central protection, alarm and alternative standing info, so as to form response timely. Compared with alternative freelance GPS solutions, GPS9548 is in a position to assist. Users gain and unendingly track GPS signals at terribly low signal intensity, which implies GPS9548 are often employed in the surroundings. With solely an addition of relevant circuit at the outer boundary, positioning info as well as time, longitude, latitude, rate, moving direction, etc., are often o/p through the serial [7].

Having gained the domestic network card of Radio instrumentality, it operates in dual-band GSM900 and GSM1800, with power consumption of 2kw and 1w severally in utilisation, this civil positioning technique is much from the accuracy of the amount of road dimension, therefore it's necessary to match with the electronic map to attain smart positioning and placement service. The fundamental plan of map matching is that by matching the positioning coordinates of the vehicle flight with the factorized section of the item on the map.

The vehicle positioning System in utilisation shows the development of significant zero drift or vehicle “driving” on each side of the road on map. So the advance of Map Matching algorithmic rule is additionally this analysis focus in vehicle positioning technology [2].

The auto unit contains a GPS system and GSM electronic equipment for transmittal GPS information to the most Server. The server receives the GPS information sent by the auto at Lar intervals of your time. The server sends the coordinates of all the nodes’ within the path to the auto The server will realize the closest hospital and calculates the shortest path connecting the ambulance’s cur-rent location, the accident spot and therefore the nearest hospital. The shortest path can contain nodes within the path. The server takes the GPS co-ordinates of all the nodes within the shortest path from the nodes information and beside GPS co-ordinates of the accident spot and therefore the hospital [7].

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6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

In this paper, the guts Beat is perceived victimization the Finger Probe device that causes inconvenience for the person who is driving. Thesesensors that cause the inconvenience may well be replaced by the sensors which may be placed within the seat belts, automobile steering etc. The accuracyrate of victimization physiological measures to sight temporary state is high, these area unit extremely intrusive. Effective resolution is provided to developthe intelligent vehicle which can monitor numerous parameters of car middle constant period of time and can send this knowledge to the bottom unit is explained.Victimization the hardware platform who’s Core is ARM7, GPS & GSM module, vehicle positioning system is little, stable and reliable, withlittle delay, which may effectively overcome the past disadvantagesof poor period of time and high operational prices existed within the system. Thispaper deals with potential issues that's accident alert, automatic engine off, navigation of the automobile and send info automatic rescue team.

VEHICLE

AMBULANCE:

References 1.

2.

5. RESULT:

3.

4.

5.

Every technique utilized for distinguishing has its own particular favourable circumstances and constraints.

Vehicle-based measures are valuable in measuring tiredness when an absence of vigilance influences vehicle control or deviation. Among all physiological parameters explored, ECG can be measured in a less meddling way. EEG signs oblige various anodes to be set on the scalp and the cathodes utilized for measuring EOG signs are set close to the eye which can block driving. The preferences of physiological measures and the expanding accessibility of non-meddlesome estimation supplies make it helpful to consolidate physiological signs with behavioural and vehicle-based measures.

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6.

7.

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AUTHORS Mr.D.MATHESH received the B.E degree in EEE from Sasurie College of Engineering, Tiruppur, India, in 2011.He is currently pursuing M.E degree in Embedded System Technologies from R.V.S College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India. His current interest include embedded system.

Mrs.A.KALAIARASIreceived the M.E degree in Power Electronics and Drives from Government College of Technology, Coimbatore in the year 2010. Since then, she has been working with RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, where she is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. She is pursuing her Ph.D. degree in Bio Medical Engineering from PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore. She is a member of some of the Professional bodies like IEEE, ISTE and IAENG, SWE.

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