გრიგოლ ფერაძე

wminda mRvdelmowame grigol feraZis sazogadoeba `

Union Saint Martyr Grigol Peradze III gamocema

Tbilisi 2014 1

“arian adamianebi, romelTac didi vali aqvT qveynisa. arian adamianebi, romelTa winaSec didi vali aqvs qveyanas. saqarTvelo valSia grigol feraZis winaSe!” (Jurnali “artanuji” #11 2003 w.)

grigol feraZe wminda mRvdelmowame, moqalaqe, mecnieri

wminda grigol feraZis Soreuli winaprebi iyvnen mwyemsebi da did dros TavianT farasTan erTad atarebdnen udabnoSi, romelic mxolod zamTarsa da adre gazafxulze amwvandeboda. erTxel, zamTris wynar saRamos, mwyemsebs zeciuri saswauli moevlinaT. cidan SemoesmaT zarebis mSvidi rekva, ramac erTerTi mwyemsisa da mTeli misi STamomavlobis bedi gadawyvita. zecidan movlenil zebunebriv zarebis melodiaSi, man SeigrZno miniSneba amieridan misi STamomavlebi sulTa mwyemsebi unda gamxdariyvnen. mwyemsis ojaxis cxovrebaSi axali etapi daiwyo – igi da misi STamomavlebi faris mwyemsobidan, sulis mwyemsebad iqcnen!

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grigolis mama romanoz feraZec winaprebis msgavsad sasuliero moRvawe, bakurcixis eklesiis mRvdeli iyo da Tanasoflelebis mogonebebiT:

“iyo erTguli Tavisi mrevlisa.

Tavis sabadebels Raribebs unawilebda. man gaxsna soflisTvis skola da kidev bevri sikeTe moutana sofels�. mas da mis meuRles, mariam samadalaSvils 1899 wlis 31 agvistos SeeZinaT vaJi, romelsac VIII saukunis ganmanaTleblis, eklesiaTa maSeneblis grigol xanZTelis pativsacemad grigoli daarqves. romanoz feraZe gardaicvala 1905 wels, rodesac momavali arqimandriti 6 wlis iyo. igi dakrZales bakurcixis eklesiis ezoSi. mis meuRles gasazrdelad sami oboli bavSvi darCa - arCili, grigoli da vaso. qmris gardacvalebis Semdeg, grigolis deda SvilebTan erTad TbilisSi gadavida sacxovreblad. aq mas Zalian uWirda da patara grigoli biZam, yvarelis wm. ioane naTlismcemlis eklesiis moZRvarma giorgi feraZem TavisTan waiyvana, sadac igi darCa saskolo asakis miRwevamde. mamis saqmis gasagrZeleblad grigoli Seiyvanes Tbilisis sasuliero saswavlebelSi, romlis damTavrebis Semdeg 1913 wels, Sevida sasuliero seminariaSi, sadac ecnoba saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mdidar sasuliero memkvidreobas. es iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenisaTvis brZolis periodi.

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am brZolas saTaveSi idgnen momavali patriarqebi: kirioni da leonide da maTan erTad seminariis reqtori

profesori korneli kekeliZe. ukve maSin, axalgazrda seminaristSi isini xedavdnen maTi saqmis gamgrZelebels. grigolis nacnobobam, Zveli qarTuli literaturis da liturgiis did mcodnesTan korneli kekeliZesTan, gavlena iqonia grigolis momavali interesebis formirebaze – saqarTveloSi qristianobis warmoSobis, Zveli qarTuli literaturis da liturgiis Seswavlaze. korneli kekeliZe mamobriv mzrunvelobas iCenda niWieri, codnas mowyu-rebuli axalgazrdis mimarT. seminariis da eklesiis xelmZRvanelobam, swored grigols andes Tbilisis mfarvelis, wminda abos eklesiis mSeneblobis fondis xelmZRvaneloba (romelic Semdgom 1917 wlis revoluciis gamo ver ganxorcielda). swavlis periodSi grigoli iZleoda kerZo gakveTilebs, raTa materialurad daxmareboda dedas. seminaria warCinebiT daamTavra 1918 wels, man gaiara 6-ve kursi, rac mas uflebas aZlevda Caebarebina ruseTis an sxva nebismieri qveynis sasuliero akademiaSi. magram revoluciis dawyebam da saqa-rTvelos damoukideblobis 4

gamocxadebam xorcSesxmas.

droebiT

SeuSala

xeli

am

gegmebis

1918 wels grigolma daiwyo swavla axladdaarsebul Tbilisis universitetis sibrZnismetyvelebis fakultetze, sadac swavlobda literaturas da istorias. am periodSi igi damatebiTi Semosavlebis mizniT moRvaweobda pedagogad goris mazraSi, sofel zemo xandakis skolaSi. 1919-1921 wlebSi grigoli iZulebuli iyo Seewyvita mecadineoba, radganac jarSi gaiwvies. igi msaxurobda gorSi, agreTve borjomsa da axalcixeSi. da rodesac saqarTveloSi SemoiWra wiTeli armia, sergo orjonikiZis xelmZRvanelobiT, igi da misi Zmebi uyoymanod Cadgen samSoblos damcvelTa rigebSi. saqarTveloSi bolSevikebis Semosvlis Semdeg, korneli kekeliZem ganarida komunistebis umowyalo represiebs da gaagzavna grigoli kaxeTSi, sofel manavSi soflis maswavleblad. grigoli iq darCa 1921 wlis seqtembramde, ris Semdegac daubrunda universitets. am droisaTvis bolSevikebis mier rwmenis masobrivma devnam saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia daRupvis piras miiyvana. “amao gamodga yvelaferi,

Cvens qveyanas wiTlebi daepatronen. maT Seuties yovelive qarTuls, yovelive wmindas, SiSma daisadgura irgvliv� werda grigoli mogvianebiT.

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eklesiis sasicocxlo momavalze fiqriT, patriarqma leonidem korneli kekeliZesTan erTad daiwyo seminaria damTavrebuli, yvelaze niWieri axalgazrdebis, momavali Teologiuri ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZleblobebis Zebna. male korneli kekeliZis mcdelobiT da mitropolit nazaris winadadebiT, saqarTvelos patriarqatis sabWom gadawyvita, grigol feraZe rogorc pirveli qarTveli axalgazrda – saqarTvelos marTlmadidebluri eklesiis warmomadgeneli, gaegzavna saswavleblad berlinis universitetSi, mravalmxrivi Teologiuri codnis misaRebad. amasTan mas gamouyo mokrZalebuli Tanxa gamgzavrebisaTvis.

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samecniero moRvaweoba dasavleTSi. 1921 wlis bolos, miiRo ra sarekomendacio werili patriarq ambrosisagan da saqarTveloSi mcxovreb cnobili germaneli moRvawis artur laistisagan, grigoli miemgzavreba berlinSi.

rogorc Semdgom gaxda cnobili, grigolma samudamod datova saqarTvelo. sarekomendacio werili gacemuli iyo “aRmosavluri samisionero sazogadoebis” damaarsebelis, doqtor iohan lepsiusisadmi, romelic aseve daexmara grigol feraZes sabWoTa xelisuflebisagan germaniaSi gamgzavrebis vizis misaRebad. lefsiusma, romelsac artur laistisagan zusti informacia hqonda saqarTvelos eklesiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, WeSmaritad mamobrivi zrunva gamoiCina axalgazrda studentis mimarT, stipendia dauniSna da yovelmxriv Seuwyo xeli, raTa igi berlinis universitetis studenti gamxdariyo. grigoli didad emadliereboda Tavis mfarvels, igi erT mogonebaSi werda: “patara werili ver daitevs yovelives, rac swavlis 4

wlis ganmavlobaSi STamagona doqtorma lefsiusma. es mTeli cxovrebis programaa, cxovrebis, romelic aRvsili 7

iqneba am mravalmxrivi da RvTisgan uSurvelad momadlebuli kacisagan miRebuli STabeWdilebebiT�. berlinSi Camosvlis pirveli xuTi Tve, grigolma moandona germanuli enis codnis gaRrmavebas. amis Semdeg cxovrobda potsdamSi, igi Caewera berlinis universitetSi da Caabara gamocdebi germanul, Zvelebraul da berZnul enebSi. 1922 wlis maisidan igi

ZiriTadad swavlobda aRmosavlur enebs: Zvelebrauls, siriuls, arabuls, kopturs, somxurs da berZnuls. maTTan erTad Seiswavla germanuli, franguli, inglisuri da laTinuri. man icoda agreTve rusuli, Zvelslavuri, Zvelsomxuri da ra Tqma unda qarTuli ena, xolo rodesac mogvianebiT aRmoCnda poloneTSi swrafad Seiswavla polonuri enac. mravali enis codna saSualebas aZlevda grigols originalSi gascnoboda mTel msoflio literaturas: axlo aRmosavleTSi qristianobis warmoSobaze da gansakuTrebiT saqarTvelos rolze adreqristianuli mwerlobis ganviTarebaSi. bevr dros uTmobda grigoli patrologiis Seswavlas, (mecnierebisa romelic Seis-wavlis wminda mamaTa cxovrebas, maT epistoleebsa da qadagebebs) da romelic Semdgom misi mowodebis WeSmariti sagani gaxda.

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1925 wels grigolma daamTavra berlinis universiteti Teologis diplomiT. 1925 wlis maisSi gadavida bonis universitetSi, sadac igi swavlobda religiis istorias

da srulyofda aRmosavluri enebis codnas, cnobili germaneli aRmosavleTmcodnis profesor henrix gusenis xelmZRvanelobiT. bonma moxibla axalgazrda grigoli. igi Tavis mogonebebSi werda: “iq yvelaferi CemTvis

axlobeli da kargad nacnobi iyo, qalaqis gareubanSi mSvenieri gorakebi, rbili klimati da baraqiani miwebi ufro metad momagonebda Cemi samSoblos bunebas, vidre berlini da misi Semogareni”. samSobloze fiqri mas arasdros ar tovebda, am xanebSi igi doqtor lefsiuss werda:”cudi cnobebi modis

Cemi qveynis Sesaxeb. areuloba, Cagvra, quTaisis mitropolit nazaris mkvleloba... is Cemi maswavlebeli da megobari iyo da Zalian bevri gaakeTa Cemi germaniaSi gamogzavnisaTvis. 68 wlis mitropoliti erT welewadze metxans ijda cixeSi. axlaxan gamouSves da quTaisSi cxovrobda... masTan erTad davkarge yovelive saukeTeso, rac samSoblosTan makavSirebda da maxarebda”. am periodSi man gadaTargmna germanul enaze berZeni beris giorgi hagioritis biografia, dawera misTvis kritikuli Sesa-vali da SeniSvnebi. drois mokle monakveTSi moamzada safuZvliani sadoqtoro disertacia Temaze “qarTvel monazonTa istoria Canasaxidan 1064 wlamde”.

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am naSromma cnobili evropeli mecnierebis yuradReba miipyro. grigolma daicva disertacia 1926 wlis 26 maiss da bednieri iyo, rom es TariRi simboliurad daemTxva saqarTvelos damoukideblobis dRes. filosofiis doqtoris wodebis miniWebis sazeimo ceremonia Sedga 1927 wlis 17 dekembers. am periodSi 1926 wlis maisidan - 1927 wlis aprilamde igi swavlobda bolandistebTan briuselSi, cnobili orientalistis da qarTvelologis paul peetersis xelmZRvanelobiT, romelTanac mas akavSirebda namdvili megobroba. aq “vswavlobdi

Zvel qarTul wignebs bolandistebis mdidar biblioTekaSi, peetersTan vsaubrobdi qarTuli hagiografiis da qarTuli eklesiis istoriis sakiTxebze. iqve movamzade dasabeWdad samecniero naSromi “saqarTvelos eklesiis uZvelesi istoriis problemebi”. amavdroulad grigoli eswre-boda moxsenebebs lovenis kaTolikur universitetSi. doqtor feraZes izidavda samecniero samuSao, magram amavdroulad ocnebobda samSobloSi marTlmadidebeli eklesiis msaxurebaze. man araerTgzis mimarTa vizis miRebis TxovniT ruseTis saelCos, magram uSedegod. imdenad didi iyo misi survili samSobloSi dabrunebisa, rom Tavisi miamitobiT, stalinsac ki miswera Txovna, romelic aseve upasuxod darCa. amgvarad igi aRmoCnda samSoblodan samudamod gariyuli.

1927 wlis aprilSi grigol feraZem miiRo erTwliani stipendia inglisSi londonis britaneTis muzeumsa da oqsfordis biblioTekebSi daculi qarTuli xelnawerebis Sesaswavlad. amave wels bonSi gardaicvala misi pedagogi henrik guseni da mas SesTavazes misi adgilis dakaveba bonis universitetSi da dauyovnebliv gaemgzavra bonSi. Semdgom igonebda:

“misi samecniero gegmebis da amocanebis Sesruleba CemTvis udidesi pativi iyo. amitom am winadadebaze dadebiTad vupasuxe... me leqciebi unda wamekiTxa Zveli somxuri da Zveli qarTuli enebis Sesaxeb... mivxvdi imasac, 10

rom sulierad da mecnierulad Tavis samSoblosTan dakavSirebul adamians misi kulturis popularizaciisaTvis ufro metis gakeTeba SeeZlo, Tu is sazRvargareT imuSavebda”. amave wlis ivnisSi igi daniSnes bonis universitetis qarTuli da somxuri enebis maswavleblad, Semdeg ki gaxda amave universitetis qarTul-somxuri filologiis privat-docenti. amavdroulad man daiwyo misi pirveli naSromebis gamoqveyneba, romlebmac mas umal moutanes

axlo aRmosavleTis adreuli qristianobis problematikis saukeTeso mcodnis reputacia. grigol feraZe aqtiurad iyo CarTuli samecniero cxovrebaSi, monawileobda orientalur konferenciebSi bonSi da venaSi. 1927 wlis agvistoSi grigolma miiRo monawileoba msoflio konferenciaSi lozanaSi “rwmena da saeklesio wyoba”. aq igi iyo qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis erTaderTi warmomadgeneli, sadac waikiTxa saintereso moxseneba, gaicno bevri mecnieri da sasuliero piri, maT Soris poloneTis avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis meTauri mitropoliti dionise (valedinski), romelmac didi daRi daasva Semdgom mTel mis cxovrebas.

1928 wels bonSi orientalistTa samecniero konferenciaze feraZis moxsenebis Semdeg gamoitanes rezolucia qarTuli literaturuli memkvidreobis 11

mniSvnelobisa da germaniis universitetebSi misi swavlebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb, romelic waredgina prusiis ganaTlebis ministrs bekers. es iyo axalgazrda mecnieris didi warmateba.

1930 wels doqtori feraZe gaemgzavra avstriaSi venis orientalistTa konferenciaze da Semdgom, qalaq gracSi adgilobriv biblioTekebSi dacul qarTul xelnawerebs swavlobda.

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parizis wminda ninos eklesiis mrevli.

1929 wels grigol feraZem, jer kidev samoqalaqo piris rangSi, morwmune qarTvel emigrantebTan erTad daaarsa parizSi wminda ninos saxelobis eklesia. daamuSava wminda ninos qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis anu mrevlis wesdeba:

“miRebuli 1929 wlis mkaTaTvis 21-s gancxadebuli policiis prefeqturaSi 1929 w. mariamobis 23-s, kanonierad gamocxadebuli “oficialur JurnalSi” mariamobis 28-s da damtkicebuli Tiatiris mitropolitis, msoflio patriarqis dasavleT da CrdiloeT evropis eqzarxosis mier 1928 w. enkenisTvis 17-s”. es iyo im misiis Sesrulebis yvelaze didi warmateba, rac mas daakisra patriarqma ambrosim saqarTvelodan wamosvlisas. am periodSi es iyo erTaderTi marTlmadidebeli taZari saqarTvelos farglebs gareT da parizi iyo im droisaTvis qarTveli emigrantebis centri. aq iyo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis yvelaze didi mrevli sazRvargareT, aqve iyo devnili saqarTvelos samTavrobo rezidencia levilSi, parizis gareubanSi.

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parizis mrevls ar hyavda misi mudmivi mRvdelTmsaxuri. 1931 wlamde wirva-locva tardeboda araregularulad. mrevlis damaarsebels, grigol feraZes SesTavazes, rom igi gamxdariyo taZris moZRvari, magram man Tavidan uari Tqva. misi azriT jer ar iyo mzad mieRo saTanado gadawyvetileba. igi werda, rom parizSi ar iyo saTanado pirobebi misi samecniero moRvaweobisaTvis.

magram mis sulSi mimdinareobda mudmivi brZola samecniero moRvaweobis gagrZelebasa da marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mrevlis moZRvrad yofnas Soris. am Sinagani brZolis kulminaciad SeiZleba CaiTvalos grigolis avadmyofoba 1930 wlis Sobis dResaswaulis dros. sikvdilis piras myof grigols, msgavsad misi Soreuli mwyemsi winaprebisa, hqonda xilva, ramac sabolood gadaawyvetina, uflisTvis bolomde mieZRvna Tavi. man gadawyvita mieRo samRvdelo wodeba da ekisra zrunva parizis marTlmadidebel mrevlze. miuxedavad misi araerTgzis mcdelobisa samSobloSi dabruneboda, igi adrec yovelTvis uars Rebulobda sabWoTa saelCodan.

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sabWoTa kavSirs Teologebi ar sWirdeboda! jer kidev 1921 wels berlinSi gamgzavrebisas, sabWoTa sakonsuloSi CamoarTves pasporti da doqtor lefsiusis daxmarebiT mas devnilis pasporti gamouweres, rogorc gairkva Turme samudamod! igi xSirad ugzavnida werilebs samSobloSi mis pedagogebs ivane javaxiSvils da korneli kekeliZes TxovniT, daxmarebodnen samSobloSi dabrunebaSi, magram araTu daxmareba, pasuxis gacemac ki saxifaTo iyo maTi Semdgomi moRvaweobisaTvis. korneli kekeliZis saxelobis xelnawerTa institutSi daculia grigol feraZis 14 werili korneli kekeliZisadmi da ramodenime werili gamogzavnili ivane javaxiSvilisadmi, romlebSiac igi Txovda universitetis reqtors, ukiduresad gaWirvebuli mdgomareobis gamo, daxmareboda stipendiiT. 1936 wlamde igi werda werilebs mis ojaxsac, Semdgom ki maTi usafrTxoebis mizniT igi wyvets miwermoweras. rodesac grigolma miiRo gadawyvetileba berad aRkvecisa, bedis ironiiT, zustad im dros, mas uecrad gauCnda SesaZlebloba dabrunebuliyo samSobloSi. qarTvelologiisa da orientalistikis cnobilma mkvlevarma, profesorma niko marma, romelic specialurad Cavida bonSi 1931 wels, raTa piradad gascnoboda qarTul somxuri ganyofilebis Sromebs, SesTavaza grigols misi asistentoba leningradis universitetSi. grigolis dedac Tavis werilebSi, cdilobda gadaefiqrebina SvilisTvis berad aRkveca, SiSobda ra rom sasuliero wodebis miReba mas samudamod gamouketavda kars samSoblosaken. magram grigoli Seuvali iyo. man ukve miiRo saboloo gadawyvetileba!

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“CemTvis daiwyo sruliad sxvagvari, axali cxovreba, romelic aseve msurda Semewira qarTuli kulturisaTvis. qarTveli xalxis istoriaSi kulturisa Tu sulieri cxovrebis ganviTarebas, xom upiratesad berebma daamCnies kvali�.M

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xeldasxma 1931 wlis 18 aprils, rodesac grigols Seusrulda 32 weli, berad aRikveca londonis wminda sofias berZnul taZarSi. erTi dRis Semdeg igi xdeba diakvani da amave wlis 25 maiss parizis wminda stefanes saxelobis berZnul eklesiaSi, msoflio sapatriarqo saydris eqzarxosma germanozma akurTxa mRvdlad.

1931 wlis 31 maiss mama grigoli dainiSna parizis

wminda ninos marTlmadidebeli mrevlis mRvdel-msaxurad, sadac man amav dRes Caatara misi pirveli wirva. am wirvisas ase mimarTa mrevls

”...marTlmadidebloba aris da iqneba uudidesi ganZi, romelic Cven ers odesme hqonia; am ganZisaTvis msxverplad ewirebodnen Cveni winaprebi, arCevdnen yovelgvar Seurawyofas da TviT sikvdils - fufunebas, marTlTu gnebavT, politikur sargeblobasac. madidebloba aris TviT Rirebuleba – mxolod da mxolod amisTvis Rirs cxovreba da sikvdilic.” da rogorc SemdgomSi gairkva mama grigolma Tavisi cxovrebiT da mowamebrivi aRsasruliT daamtkica, rom es misTvis oden litoni sityvebi ar oyo!

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mama grigoli cdilobda gaaerTianebia samSoblodan devnili mrevli eklesiis garSemo. parizSi mdeba-reobda qarTuli emigraciis mTavari centri, emigracia ki Semdeg ganaTlebuli xalxisgan Sedgeboda. “magram

mivxvdi, rom SeiZleba iyo naswavli, SesaZloa ministric da mainc ver iqce kulturul adamianad.... emigraciis axali Taoba umetesad umuSevari, avadmyofi da gaunaTlebeli iyo. samagierod “Zveli damsaxurebebiT” damZimebuli, aTasgvar politikur dajgufebebSi CaTreuli ufrosi Taoba, Tavisi miznebis misaRwevad mebrZolebsa da mxardamWerebs axalgazrdebs Soris eZebda. umizno politikuri brZolebi, sulisSemxuTveli mZime atmosfero daufleboda Cvens emigracias.... mainc vcdilobdi kargad Semesrulebina Cemi movaleoba”-igonebda grigol feraZe. misi wakiTxuli qadagebebi saukeTeso nimuSebi iyo rwmenisa, patriotizmisa da samSoblos msaxurebisa mSobliuri miwidan mowyvetili adamianebisaTvis.

“Cveni samSoblo qveyana, Cveni mamebis da Cveni sakuTari qveyanaa! romeli qarTvelis guli da sisxli ar unda atokdes am sityvebis gagonebazed-samSoblo! samSobloamis Tqmazed Cven gvidgeba Tvalwin ca, romelic saqarTvelos dascqeris – mTa, tyeebi, velebi da mindvrebi.... magram risTvis gvizidavs Cven es ca da taZarkoSkebi an da misi tye velni da mdinareebi. gana ucxoeTSi igive ca ar aris – lamazi qalaqebi da taZrebi ar amkoben am ucxo qveyanas?..... ara! yovel samSoblos aqvs Tavisi sakuTari silamaze, sulieri uxilavi silamaze, romelsac mxolod is grZnobs da hxedavs, ganicdis da icis, visic es samSobloa da es sulieri uxilavi, gamouTqmeli ubralo sityvebiT, magram gamoTqmuli poeziaSi, miTosSi, gardmocemebSi da legendebSi.” es aris mcire nawyveti mama grigolis pirveli qadagebebidan warmoTqmuli parizis wminda ninos eklesiaSi. 1931-32 wlebSi yovel qadagebaSi igi udidesi mWermetyvelebiT, sibrZniT da paTosiT uxsnida mrevls marTlmadidebeli qristianebis ZiriTad locvas “mamao Cvenos”, romelSiac igi Tavisebur ganmartebas aZlevs am locvis TiToeul frazas da miiCnevs, rom “mamao Cveno”Sinaarsi WeSmariti moqalaqeobis”: “araa mxolod locva

am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT, aramed imave dros programaa, moqmedeba yoveli wevris qristes eklesiis – 18

esaa manifesti qristesi...”

Cveni

sarwmunoebis,

esaa

anderZi

ieso

mRvdelmsaxurebis sasargeblod man sabolood uari Tqva bonis universitetis maswavleblobaze, romelmac aseTi piroba wauyena “an marto samecniero moRvaweoba bonSi - anda Tanamdebobis datoveba”. miuxedavad imisa, rom pedagogoba misTvis materialurad ufro momgebiani iyo, xolo sasuliero moRvaweobidan mas araviTari Semosavali ar hqonda da faqtiurad usaxsrod tovebda, man sasuliero moRvaweobis gagrZeleba irCia. amav dros miiRo cnoba samSoblodan dedis gardacvalebis Sesaxeb.

“axla ukve dana-mdvilebiT SemiZlia vTqva, rom bolo fizikuri Zafi gawyda Cemsa da samSoblos Soris (radgan sulierad da kulturulad samSoblosTan yovelTvis Zalzed mWidrod viyavi dakavSirebuli)”. magram mas bolomde ar uTqvams uari samecniero moRvaweobaze. igi mxolod iSviaTad kiTxulobs leqciebs parizsa da oqsfordSi. 1932 wels mama grigoli krakovSi iagelonis universitetis studentebs ukiTxavs leqcias “saqarTvelos materialuri da sulieri kulturis Sesaxeb”. am leqciisaTvis mzadebis periodSi, man daamuSava Cartoriskis biblioTekis qarTuli xelnawerebi da moamzada maTi pirveli katalogi.

1933 wels kiTxulobs leqciebs parizis sorbonis universitetSi da dublinSi. jer kidev 1931 wels parizSi moRvaweobis dros, mama grigoli iwyebs samecniero yovelwliuri krebulis “jvari vazisas” gamocemas, sadac aqveynebda Tavis qadagebebs, leqsebs da naSromebs. mas Semdeg meore msoflio omamde, igi mudam zrunavda qarTul mrevlze, Tvlida am zrunvas Tavisi cxovrebis yvelaze mniSvnelovan saqmed.

1933 wlamde, swored aq, parizSi, pirnaTlad asrulebda evropaSi erTaderTi qarTuli mrevlis, aseve erTaderTi qarTveli mRvdelmsaxuris movaleobas. afasebda ra mama grigolis damsaxurebas sasuliero mecnierebis dargSi da qarTveli emigrantebis religiuri cxovrebis organizebis sakiTxebSi, dasavleT evropaSi, 1934 wlis 5 ianvars 19

konstantinepolis mTavarepiskoposma, axal romisa da msoflio patriarqma basilma mianiWa mas arqimandritis wodeba.

20

Casvla poloneTSi.

mama grigolis cxovrebis ocneba agreTve iyo saqarTveloSi umaRles saswavlebelSi muSaoba. da radganac mis survils ar ewera samSobloSi asruleba, bedis ukuRmarTobis gamo, mas nawilobrivad mieca amis ganaxorcielebis saSualeba, rodesac 1933 wels varSavis da sruliad poloneTis mitropolitma dionisem, miiwvia mama grigoli varSavaSi da SesTavaza mas patrologiis profesoris moadgilis Tanamdeboba. paralelurad amave fakultetis kaTedris gamgis moadgileoba, varSavis universitetis marTlmadidebeli Teologiis kaTedraze. molaparakebisas mama grigolma polonur mxares wauyena ori piroba: 1.parizSi weliwadSi minimum orjer gamgzavrebis neba-rTva da pasportis miReba, rac mas ardadegebis dros sazRvargareT samecniero miznebiT xangrZlivi mogzaurobis saSualebas miscemda.

2. poloneTis marTlmadidebel eklesias unda ecno saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia da maT Soris megobruli urTierToba damyarebuliyo. es misi orive piroba dakmayofilda da igi dasaxlda varSavaSi, sadac universitetis sainauguracio moxsenebisTvis male moamzada moxseneba, Temaze: “cnebebi, davalebani da patrologiis meTodebi marTlmadidebel TeologiaSi�, romelic mama grigolma waikiTxa 1933 wlis 7 dekembers. (bedis ironiiT swored am dRes, 9 wlis mere,

21

aResruleba mama grigoli mowamebrivi sikvdiliT, aqve poloneTSi osvencimis tyveTa sakoncentracio banakSi). es iyo meore gardamtexi etapi mis cxovrebaSi. am dRidan sicocxlis bolomde varSavis universitetis leqtoria da wminda mariam magdalinelis taZris qveda samlocvelos msaxuri. Semdegi wlis 8 maiss mitropolitma dionisem igi Seamko mitriT. bevri ram miuTiTebs imaze, rom Tu ki istoria sxvagvarad datrialdeboda, mama grigoli daikavebda sapatio adgils poloneTis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis umaRles ierarqiaSi, rogorc amas gegmavda mitropoliti dionise. misi poloneTSi cxovrebisas arqimandriti grigoli mTlianad Caeflo universitetis samecniero da didaqtikur cxovrebaSi. man gamoaqveyna mravali mniSvnelovani naSromi patristikaSi, iseTi rogoricaa: dionise areopagelis apokriptuli werilis Targmani, ucnobi apokriptuli evangeliis Targmani, agreTve dokumentebis Targmani, romlebic exebodnen sinas kodeqsis aRmoCenas. yovel sazafxulo ardadegebis dros igi sakuTari saxsrebiT miemgzavreboda xangrZliv samecniero eqspediciebSi avstriaSi, bulgareTSi, rumineTSi, saberZneTSi, siriaSi, italiaSi, da wminda miwaze. mama grigolis mogzaurobebis Sedegad, sxva da sxva wignTsacavebSi aRmoaCina mravali uZvelesi qarTuli damwerlobis Zegli, maT Soris aTonis wminda mTis uZvelesi unikaluri qarTuli gardamoxsna da rogorc igonebda poloneTSi emigrirebuli generali Salva maRlakeliZe: “am gardamoxsnis SeZena sdomebia sparseTis

Sahs-riza xans, sakmaod did Tanxad, magram mama grigolma 22

uari uTxra mas da miswera, rom am uZvelesi gardamoxsnis adgili, mxolod saqarTvelos muzeumSiao... varSavaSi grigols erTi patara oTaxi hqonda da am gardamoxsnas TvalisCiniviT ufrTxildeboda, ar iSorebda... marTlac saocari kaci iyo”. aTonis mTazeve aRmoaCina man litveli wmindanebis antonis, ioanes da evstaxis wamebis berZnuli versia. gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba hqonda sofiis sajaro biblioTekaSi me-11 saukuneSi moRvawe bizantiis didi domestikosis-grigol bakurianisZis mier daarsebuli petriwonis (baCkovos) monastris tipikonis qarTuli xelnaweris aRmoCenas.

1936 wels siria palestinaSi mogzaurobisas SeiZina 24 qarTuli xelnaweri, agreTve Seisyida V-VI saukuneebis etrati.

“etrati warmoadgenda uZveles qarTul istoriul sabuTs, romelsac igi Tavze evleboda da mowiwebiT emTxveoda”- werda viqtor nozaZe. imJamad evropaSi mcxovrebi beJan giorgaZis TqmiT 1935 wels ieriqonis midamoebSi, mkvdari zRvis sanapiroze, saqarTvelos eklesias samonastro mSeneblobisaTvis 1 heqtari miwa gamouyves. mama grigoli aRmosavlel patriarqebs Sexvedria da amis damadasturebeli sabuTic miuRia. igi xSirad stumrobda agreTve poloneTis marTlmadidebel eklesiebs, magaliTad poCaevis lavras, sadac igi poulobda axal istoriul, paleografiul da arqeologiur dokumentebs. gansakuTrebuli aRfrTovanebiT aRwerda igi STabeWdilebebs mis mogzaurobaze wminda miwaze 1936 wels, romelic misi cxovrebiseuli ocnebis xorcSesxma iyo. mxurvale locvas aq man SeuerTa dauRalavi Zieba arqeologiuri, piligrimuli da patrologiuri masalebisa. man ramodenime Tve gaatara jvris monasterSi da imTaviTve werda: “aq, adre Sua saukuneebidan qarTveli

berebi cxovrobdnen da swored aq, jvris eklesiaSia Semonaxuli, SoTa rusTavelis uZvelesi portreti.” am

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mogzaurobis “dRiurebi” saxelwodebiT “ieriqonis vardi” man gamoaqveyna 1937 wels polonur JurnalSi “slovo”. wminda miwaze misi mogzaurobis Sedegad Seqmna umniSvnelovanesi naSromi “ucxoel piligrimTa cnobebi palestinis qarTveli berebis da qarTuli monastrebis Sesaxeb”. marto es naSromic ikmarebda raTa grigol feraZe udides mecnierad ecnoT. qarTveli berebis palestinaSi moRvaweobis cnobebi gafantulia msoflios sxvadasxva qveynebSi arsebul sacavebSi, sadac inaxeba piligrimTa mogzaurobebis aRwerilobebi. rogorc Tavad mama grigoli wers am naSromis SesavalSi: “romelime

adgilze piligrimuli literaturis sruli koleqciis naxva SeuZlebelicaa. is ar gaaCnia msoflios arc erT biblioTekas... amas garda am literaturis didi nawili gamoucemelia da Zevs, rogorc aRmouCeneli ganZi, ara mxolod evropis muzeumebsa da biblioTekebSi, aramed kerZo koleqciebSi, rac mas kidev ufro miuwvdomels xdis. ufro metic, piligrimuli literatura TiTqmis yvela enazea da TiToeuli maTganis codnas erT adamians ver mosTxov.” grigol feraZe mTeli 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi, mraval sxvadasxva enebze, (man 16-mde ena icoda) qarTveli berebis moRvaweobaze, araqarTul piligrimul literaturaSi arsebul yovel masalas agrovebda da aanalizebda: inglisSi, germaniaSi, safrangeTSi. da swored wminda miwaze mogzaurobam gadaawyvetia gamoeqveynebia misi mravalwliani Canawerebis krebuli. miuxedavad grigol FferaZis didi damsaxurebisa marTlmadidebeli Teologiis SeswavlaSi, fakultetis dekanis, mitropolit dionises araerTgzis SeTavazebuli winadadeba, misTvis sapatio profesoris wodebis miniWebaze, ar iqna mxardaWerili saxalxo ganaTlebis saministros mier, radganac maSindel xelmZRvanelobas ar ainteresebda marTlmadidebeli Teologiis ganviTareba.

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rogorc mama grigoli werda sakmaod did winaaRmdegobasac xvdeboda poloneTis ZiriTadi sarwmunoebis (kaTolikebis) mxridan. miuxedavad amisa mama grigoli yovelTvis cdilobda varSavis Teologiis fakultetze patrologiur kvlevebSi axali mimarTulebebis Seqmnas. administraciuli siZneleebis miuxedavad arqimandriti grigoli erTgulad emsaxureboda marTlmadidebel eklesias poloneTSi. cxovrobda brukovos quCis 22 nomerSi, mokZalebul binaSi, dauRalavad Sromobda Zvel qarTul xelnawerebze da Cvenda sabednierod sistematurad aqveynebda maT sxvadasxva enebze wamyvan samecniero JurnalebSi, ris meSveobiTac maT moaRwies

Cvenamde. igi iyo mitropolit dionises erTguli megobari da mrCeveli, romelic cdilobda misTvis episkoposis wodebis miniWebas da sargeblobda misi mfarvelobiT. arqimandriti sargeblobda agreTve studentebis didi pativiscemiT. misi leqciebis mosasmenad modiodnen ara marto marTlmadidebeli studentebi, yvela maTgani moxibluli iyo misi Rrma erudiciiT da pirovnuli qarizmiT. misi Tanamedroveebis mexsierebaSi samudamod darCa mama grigolis saintereso moxsenebebi patrologiaze. igi maTSi aerTianebda dasavleTis mecnierebis Tanamedrove miRwevebs, berZeni, rusi, qarTveli, da poloneli Teologebis ukanasknel miRwevebTan. misi Teologiuri azrovneba emyareboda eklesiis mamaTa ZirZvel tradiciebs. bevri Tvlis, misi 25

Sromebi rom ar Sewyvetiliyo omis gamo, mama grigoli namdvilad aRmoaCenda patrologiur codnaSi erTgvar sinTezs, romelic damyarebuli iqneboda sxvadasxva sarwmunoebebis Teologebis: marTlmadideblobis, kaTolikebis da protestantebis naSromebze. arqimandriti iyo varSavis samecniero sabWos aRmosavleTi komisiis sazogadoebis wevri, sadac waikiTxa rigi referatebisa, (agreTve iyo komunisturi gamokvlevebis samecniero institutis wevri). igi amave dros dainiSna poloneTis eklesiis mamaTa biblioTekis FTanamSromlad. mis cxovel da mravalmxriv gatacebebze metyvelebs misi wevroba sxvadasxva samamulo Tu sazRvargareTis organizaciebSi (aseTia 14), romlebSiac igi asrulebda sxvadasxva movaleobebs. mama grigoli mWidrod iyo dakavSirebuli mis meore samSoblosTan poloneTTan, amavdroulad misi mogzaurobebis da gamokvlevebis wyalobiT, igi mudam ubrundeboda Tanamedrove qristianobas, qarTuli sulieri kulturis, mis mier aRmoCenili margalitebis meSveobiT. 1937 wels varSavis marTlmadidebeli qarTuli koloniis daxmarebiT, igi monawileobda varSavaSi SoTa rusTavelis ukvdavi qmnilebis “vefxistyaosanis” 750 wlisTavis iubilis organizebaSi. mama grigolma am movlenas da poets ramodenime naSromi miuZRvna. maT Soris aRsaniSnavia, “SoTa rusTavelis religia”, sadac grigoli askvnis, rom “SoTa

rusTaveli bibliur simarTles da anderZs gadmogvcems ise, rogorc qristem gaakeTa – mzis yvavilebisa da araCveulebrivi ferebis meSveobiT, Cveulebrivi da ubralo eniT, romelic ar saWiroebs arc ganaTlebas, arc raime damatebiT codnas maT gasagebad. es qmnileba 26

ipyrobs da aRamaRlebs yvelas, visac igi waukiTxavs... es poema esmoda ubralo xalxs, ubralo qarTvel glexs, romelic mTlianad iTvisebda qmnilebidan mowodebul Segonebebs. “vefxistyaosani” misTvis iyo saxareba, romelic TiTqmis zepirad icoda da romlis citatebsac yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi iyenebda. axla magondeba erT erTi glexis SekiTxva, romelic movismine 1919 wels sofelSi maswavleblad yofnis dros: romeli qmnilebaa ufro saintereso – saxareba Tu “vefxistyaosani”? saxareba vupasuxe! man undoblad Semomxeda. sxva pasuxs eloda!” arqimandriti grigoli xdeba qarTuli marTlmadidebeli koloniis araoficialuri kaTolikosi, da maTTvis eweva RvTismsaxurebas wm. mariam magdalinelis taZris qveda samlocveloSi. Sobis da aRdgomis

dResaswaulebebze igi qarTul enaze warmarTavda saeklesio ritualebs, riTac eklesiis xelmZRvanelobis sayvedursac ki imsaxurebda. rodesac erTxel kvlav gaumeores, Tu ratom kiTxulobda locvebs qarTulad, man RimiliT upasuxa: “RmerTs xom kargad esmis qarTulio!” amgvarad man daimsaxura qarTuli emigraciuli elitis didi pativiscema, romlebic gaerTianebuli iyvnen qarTul komitetSi da klub “promeTeosSi”. yvela ardadegebs, garda sazafxulosi, igi atarebda parizis wminda ninos eklesiaSi, sadac Tanamemamuleebs sulier zrunvas ar aklebda, naTlavda, iRebda aRsarebas, qorwinebis saidumlos aziarebda da acilebda cxovrebis ukanasknel 27

gzaze. bolo misi Canaweri wminda ninos eklesiis sametriko wignSi daTariRebulia 1939 wlis 1 ianvriT.

arqimandriti grigoli iyo agreTve studenturi Teologiuri wris mfarveli. bevr students exmareboda materialurad da maTTan saubarSi xSirad iyenebda wminda mamebis citatebs. piradi magaliTiT arqimandriti exmareboda studentebs SeCveodnen sistematur Sromas. saocaria! rogor axerxebda jer kidev axalgazrda kaci samSoblosagan moSorebiT, cxovrebis yoveli wuTi mieZRvna mSobliuri qveynisaTvis. gansakuTrebiT mZime momentebSi, xSirad imeorebda wminda ioane oqropiris locvas “ufalo gmadlobT yvelafrisaTvis!�.

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moRvaweoba omis periodSi

axlovdeboda meore msoflio omi. arqimandriti grigoli miiwvies bizantiologiur kongresze alJirSi, romelic unda gamarTuliyo 1939 wlis oqtomberSi. magram mama grigoli ver gaemgzavra, radganac ar qonda poloneTSi dabrunebis garantia (garTulebuli saerTaSoriso situaciis gamo), amitomac man uari Tqva gamgzavrebaze, “radganac varSavaSi maqvs sakmaod didi

biblioTeka, daaxlovebiT 2000 tomi, maT Soris iSviaTi qarTuli patristikuli wignebi. vfiqrobdi ar SemeZlo bedis anabara mimetovebina evropaSi mTeli Cemi cxovrebis man ar namoRvawari, mTeli es simdidre...” werda igi. datova varSava arc 1939 wlis 8 seqtembers, rodesac ucxoelebs, alyaSemortymuli germanelebis winadadebiT, SeeZloT daetovebiaT qalaqi. ar wavida igi varSavidan arc mogvianebiT, TumcaRa SeeZlo es gaekeTebina rogorc ucxoel moqalaqes. meore msoflio omis dawyeba mama grigolisTvis niSnavda mecnierebis mTel samyarosTan gamoTxovebas da srul martoobas. “ras niSnavs axla samecniero gegmebi, ra fasi aqvs

kabinetSi gamoketvas, raTa Tavi Seswiro abstraqtuli problemebis gaSuqebas, romelic kolegebis SedarebiT viwro wres ainteresebs, maSin roca Cvens irgvliv cxovreba, savse saSineli istoriuli movlenebiT, gadamwyvet gavlenas axdens calkeuli xalxebis gadarCenasa Tu gaqrobaze. aseTi STabeWdileba mrCeba, rom Cveni planetis mcxovrebni pasuxs ageben TavianTi winaprebis codvebze, Tumca saboloo angariSsworebis dRe jerac ar damdgara. vfiqrob aseTi viTareba xels ar 29

uwyobs damoukidebel samecniero kvleviT muSaobas. mecnierisaTvis xom mSvidi garemo da Sesaferisi atmosferoa saWiro”. cxovrebis autaneli pirobebis miuxedavad, arqimandriti mainc axerxebda mSobeli erisaTvis samsaxuris gawevas. mas didi xnis megobroba akavSirebda eqvTime TayaiSvilTan, romelsac emigrantuli mTavrobis mier gatanili erovnuli saganZuris sistematizaciaSi exmareboda. faSistebis mier safrangeTis dapyrobis Semdeg iyo momenti, rodesac am saganZurs germanelebi unda dapatronebodnen. sanam ganZs gaitandnen, germanelebma mimarTes grigol feraZes Caetarebina eqspertiza ganZis faseulobis dasadgenad. eqspertis daskvna calsaxa iyo da lakoniuri: “ganZs

araviTari materialuri Rirebuleba ar gaaCnia, mas marto istoriuli mniSvneloba aqvs qarTveli sakmarisi iyo erisaTvis”. germanelebs Tundac erTi yuTi gaexsnaT, rom aRniSnuli daskvnis avtors sikvdili ar acdeboda. ase gadarCa saqarTvelos unikaluri saganZuri. grigol feraZem kargad icoda Tu ra eloda simarTlis gamJRavnebis SemTxvevaSi, magram amave dros imasac kargad acnobierebda ra moxdeboda Tu Cveni eris fasdaudebeli saganZuri, germanelebis xelSi Cavardeboda. varSavis universiteti daiketa. grigol feraZes germanelebma SesTavazes leqciebis wakiTxva berlinSi, magram mama grigolma uaryo es winadadeba. amavdroulad varSavaSi qarTuli koloniis saTaveSi movidnen germanelebTan TanamSromlobis momxreni. qarTuli emigraciis naRebi, romlis birTvs Seadgenda saqarTvelodan 1921 wels emigrirebuli oficrebi da romlebmac samSobloSi dabrunebis imediT, ar miiRes

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poloneTis moqalaqeoba, erTgulad idgnen poloneTis samsaxurSi. bevri maTgani gmirulad daiRupa poloneTisaTvis brZolaSi faSistebis winaaRmdeg. faSisturad ganwyobilma qarTvelebma, romelnic SedarebiT mcirericxovani iyvnen, SesTavazes mama grigols TanamSromloba, magram misgan mtkice uari miiRes. “arc

erT saxarebaSi ar weria, rom qristiani adamiani, faSistebs unda daudges samsaxurSi! � - miugo man. amis Semdeg iwyeba dabezRebebi, ciliswamebebi saokupacio xelisuflebasTan, Tavdadebul arqimandritze da mis gverdiT myof mrevlze. mama grigoli am Znelbedobis Jams poulobda xsnas misi samecniero saqmianobiT da dauRalavad iRwvis Tavis mwir binaSi qarTul patrologiur teqstebze. muSaobda agreTve Tarjimnad varSavis marTlmadidebel mitropoliaSi. mas dahqonda wamlebi hitlerelebis mier internirebul mitropolit dionisesTvis, romelsac udides pativs miagebda, zrunavda kavkasiuri sazogadoebis erT erT xelmZRvanelze - xanSiSesul general yazbegze, acilebda bolo gzaze mis qarTvel megobrebs, maT Soris iyo qarTvel oficerTa klubis xelmZRvaneli Tavadi, polkovniki grigol bagrationi. mama grigoli monawileobda agreTve misi Tanamemamuleebis dacvaSi, romlebic daapatimres pro-hitlerulad ganwyobili qarTuli koloniis dasmenebiT. mama grigoli uSiSrad miuTiTebda swori gzisaken im qarTvelebs, romlebsac germanelebi uwevdnen agitacias maT armiaSi Sesvlaze.

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arqimandriti grigoli asrulebda Tavis qristianul movaleobas, exmareboda maT visac sWirdeboda daxmareba. da TviTmxilvelebis mogonebiT: “igi imeds aZlevda

gaWirvebulebs ara marto maSin, rodesac isini miakiTxavdnen mas, aramed Tavad eZebda vinc meoxebas saWiroebda da yovelgvarad exmareboda maT.” generali Salva maRlakeliZe ixsenebs, rom “varSavis dabombvisas mama grigoli TavSesafarSi ar imaleboda igi uSiSrad dadioda quCebSi, yvelaze saxifaTo adgilebSic ki da micvalebulebs apatiosnebda da daWrilebs pirvel daxmarebas uwevda”. upirveles yovlisa igi exmareboda da ifaravda ebrael mosaxleobas. misi Tanamedroveni ixseneben, quCaSi mama grigoli Seeswro faqts, rodesac erTi germaneli faSisti saxeSi scemda moxuc ebrael qals. igi mivida, xeli dauWira mas da mimarTa: “vin mogca moxuci qalis

cemis ufleba, amiT icavT germaniis Zlierebas? aseTi kulturiT apirebT msoflios dapyrobas?”- swored am incidentis Semdeg dainteresda gestapo misi pirovnebiT. pirvelad mis dapatimrebas Seecadnen 1942 wlis ianvarSi. kavkasiis komitetis xelmZRvanelobam daasmina, viTom igi omamde iyo poloneTis dazvervis agenti. am dabezRebam ar gaWra, radganac mTeli polonuri arqivebi germanelebis xelSi iyo da maT advilad SeeZloT SeemowmebiaT realoba.

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dapatimreba.

meore dabezReba ufro detalurad iqna momzadebuli. progermanulad ganwyobilma qarTvelebma mama grigoli daasmines gestapoSi, TiTqos is binaSi inaxavda saidumlo salaros ebraelTa gadasarCenad. dabezRebaSi miTiTebuli iyo am Tanxis Senaxvis adgili.

1942 wlis 15 maiss gestapom safuZvliani Cxreka Caatara mama grigolis binaSi. gestapoSi arsebuli Cxrekis oqmiT, napovni iyo didi raodenobiT dasavluri valuta. igi daapatimres. CamoarTves is Zvirfasi qarTuli xelnawerebic, romlebzedac igi muSaobda. amas igonebs Tavis mogonebebSi mama ilia melia, romelic arqimandrit grigol feraZis Semdeg mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi patiosnad msaxurobda parizis wminda ninos eklesiaSi. am Cxrekis Sedegad daikarga grigol feraZis mier wlebis manZilze misi saarsebo TanxebiT SeZenili, umdidresi biblioTeka, Zvirfasi qarTuli xelnawerebi, gamouqveynebeli Sromebi, piradi dRiurebi. grigol feraZis biografma, mama henrik paprockim miakvlia faSistebis arqivebSi misi binis Cxrekis oqms. rogoric unda yofiliyo arqimandritis dapatimrebis mizezi, danamdvilebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom igi grZnobda moaxlovebul aRsasruls.

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“grigol feraZe iyo Zalze spetaki, gulaxdili da Zalze ubralo. kaci mixvdeboda rom igi ase ganaTlebuli iyo. misi daRupva Cveni bralia, qarTvelebis brali. vici vinc iyo am saqmeSi gaxveuli, magram ar vityvi, anda ras u|Svelis axla Tqma? isic vici, rom feraZis dRiurebi gestapoSi dahqondaT da uTargmnidnen germanelebs. es Cveni sircxvili”... sircxvilia, didi igonebda poloneTSi qarTuli giorgi saTvistomos Tavkaci nakaSiZe. dapatimrebuli arqimandriti moaTavses varSavis paviakis cixeSi. pirveli dReebi, sxva patimrebis msgavsad man gaatara winaswari patimrobis sakanSi, romelic moTavsebuli iyo sardafSi da iq patimrebisgan teva ar iyo. amis Semdeg igi gadaiyvanes me-5 ganyofilebaSi, romelsac satransporto ewodeboda. aq igi asrulebda Tarjimnis movaleobas. amave funqcias asrulebda e.w. muSa ganyofilebaSic 1942 wlis oqtomberSi. mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi mravaljer dakiTxes, cemdnen da amcirebden. paviakis cixeSi yofnisas 1942 wlis 10 ivniss daweril werilSi, mis megobars irJi berkman –karenins, romelic xSirad akiTxavda patimars paviakis cixeSi, ubarebda mis binaze da nivTebze mzrunvelobas. 10 dRis Semdeg, igi kvlav wers mas winaswarmetyvelur werils, romelic faqtiurad mis anderZs warmoadgens.

“bina da aveji gadaeciT mitropoliis kancelariis muSaks.

Cemi daRupvis SemTxvevaSi biblioTekas vuanderZeb mitropolias. nivTebi gayideT, xolo miRebuli Tanxa gadaeciT samrevlos obol bavSvTa saxls. qarTuli wignebi da sabuTebi (agreTve xatebi) omis Semdeg unda gadaeces qarTul eklesias”. marTlmadidebeli eklesia, da qarTvelTa saTvistomo misi Tavkacis giorgi nakaSiZis meTaurobiT, yvela Rones 34

xmarobda mama grigolis gasaTavisufleblad da mas materialuradac exmareboda. am mcdelobebma araviTari Sedegi ar gamoiRo. misi dapatimrebisTanave giorgi nakaSiZem dauyovnebliv acnoba kavkasiis komitets, romelic germanelebis saokupacio xelisuflebis mier iyo daarsebuli. meore dRes nakaSiZes gaagebines, rom kavkasiis komitetis Tavmjdomare iyo gestapoSi, sadac mas garkveviT urCies, am saqmeze ar ezruna da Tanac ganucxades, rom misi dapatimrebis brZaneba uSualod berlinidan modioda. ufro metic, arqimandriti gadaiyvanes osvencimis tyveTa sakoncentracio-sikvdilis banakSi. am momentidan mis sikvdilamde wydeba yovelgvari cnobebi wmindamowame mamis Sesaxeb.

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tanjuli sikvdili

oficialuri cnobebi sakoncentracio banakidan iuwyebian, rom arqimandriti grigol feraZe aResrula osvencimSi 6 dekembers 16 saaTsa da 45 wuTze, TumcaRa misi gardacvalebis zusti garemoeba dRemde ucnobia. yvelaze gavrcelebuli versiis Tanaxmad, rodesac agzavnidnen gazis kameraSi ebraelebis morig partias, mama grigoli nebayoflobiT Caenacvla erT maTgans, romelsac mravalricxovani ojaxi yavda da Zlier dardobda maTi bedis Sesaxeb. es versia sarwmunoa, radganac igi banakidan dabrunebulma, yofilma TviTmxilvelma patimarma, auwya mitropolit dionises, romelmac mas mama grigolis jvari gadasca, samwuxarod ver moxerxda am pirovnebis gvaris damaxsovreba. mama grigolis gardacvalebis Sesaxeb sakoncentracio banakis komendantma telegramiT Seatyobina irJi berkmankarenins 1942 wlis 11 dekembers, magram ar Seatyobina ra viTarebaSi moxda es. oTxi dRis Semdeg varSavis marTlmadidebelma mitropoliam TxovniT mimarTa germanel komendants Seetyobinebia mama grigolis gardacvalebis garemoebis, misi ukanaskneli survilis Sesaxeb da gadaeca urna misi ferfliT. pasuxad osvencimis samoqalaqo mdgomareobis aRweris ganyofilebidan namdvili germanuli pedanturobiT miRebul iqna pasuxi, rom “g.feraZe gardaicvala 1942 wlis 6 dekembers 16 s. da 45 wuTze osvencimSi, koSaroveis quCaze�.

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ukve mogvianebiT oTxmocian wlebSi, grigol feraZeze filmis gadaRebis procesSi, sukis arqivSi-moskovSi, masalebis mosaZieblad Casulma rezo TabukaSvilma, miakvlia osvencimidan gadmotanil Jurnals, sadac patimrebis banakSi yofnis Sesaxeb yoveli dRe iyo aRwerili, gardacvalebis garemoebebTan erTad. mama grigolis Sesaxeb informacia wydeboda 5 dekembers.

6 dekemberi misi daRupvis dRe amoxeuli iyo anketidan!?

Zneli saTqmelia vis undoda, mTlianad gaeqro am Rirseuli adamianis gmiruli sikvdilis kvali. grigol feraZis gardacvaleba naTelyofs mama grigolis mowamebrivi gardacvalebis faqts, romelic erTguli darCa adre gamoTqmuli misive sityvebis:

“gamarjvebis gza xom eklebze da jvarcmaze gadis�.

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danatovari.

arqimandritma grigolma dagvitova mniSvnelovani samecniero saganZuri, romelmac samudamod daumkvidra mas adgili msoflio mecnierebaSi. misma naSromebma dRemde ar dakarges aqtualuroba da xSirad aris citirebuli, rogorc ZiriTadi literatura mraval sakiTxebSi, da gansakuTrebiT saqarTveloSi qristianobis dasawyisis periodis Sesaxeb. mama grigoli, jer kidev axalgazrda iyo 70 samecniero Sromis avtori, mecnieri, gamoqveynebuli qarTul, frangul, germanul, inglisur da polonur enebze. bevri misi ocneba ganuxorcielebeli darCa, maT Soris misi didi survili patrologiis saxelmZRvanelos Seqmnisa, romelic moicavda mTel problematikas da amavdroulad gaaerTianebda msoflios sxvadasxva samecniero centrebis marTlmadidebel, kaTolikur, protestantul gamokvlevebs, risTvisac igi mTeli Tavisi samecniero moRvaweobis dros emzadeboda. mama grigol feraZis nawarmoebebi dawerilia mSvenieri, mdidari qarTuliT aramecnierTaTvisac gasagebi eniT. igi iyo mravali religiuri Tu ubralod poeturi leqsis avtori, bevr maTgans igi wirva locvisas iyenebda (“romelni qerubimTa�). mama grigolma Rirseulad daikava adgili maT Soris, vinc gmirulad daiRupa meore msoflio omis dros. misi saxeli moTavsebulia varSavis universitetis SesasvlelSi omSi daRupuli profesorebis memorialur dafaze, misi saxelia amotvifruli agreTve ioane 38

klemansis eklesiis dafaze, romelic eZRvneba marTlmadidebeli eklesiis erTgul msaxurebs. germaniaSi vitenbergis universitetis Teoogiis fakultetze funqcionirebs misi saxelobis kabineti, aq misi saxelis ukvdavsayofad iRvwis cnobili gemaneli mecnieri herman holci. misi xsovna cocxlobs agreTve parizis qarTul koloniaSi, rogorc mrevlis damaarseblis da pirveli moZRvaris. igi axsovT agreTve bonis universitetis maSindel studentebs da mecnierebs da varSavis marTlmadidebeli Teologiis fakultetis studentebs, agreTve morwmuneebs, romlebsac Sexeba hqoniaT mama grigolTan varSavaSi. isini igoneben mama grigols, rogorc gansakuTrebul adamians, romelic mudam mzad iyo gaewia materialuri da sulieri daxmareba moyvasisaTvis da es gansakuTrebiT sacnauri gaxda omis mZime dReebSi, rodesac mas TiTon unda ebrZola bedis ukuRmarTobasTan, sakuTari Tavis gadasarCenad.

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kanonizacia.

jer kidev gasuli saukunis samocdaaTian wlebSi uwmindesma da unetaresma, saqarTvelos maSindelma kaTolikos patriarqma - efrem meorem, poloneTis mitropolitisagan miiRo werili da mama grigolis suraTi. werilSi iyo Txovna, mama grigolis wmindanad Seracxvis SesaZleblobis ganxilvis Sesaxeb. varSavidan sapatriarqos saxelze ramdenjerme kidev movida werili mxolod uwmindesma da unetaresma igive TxovniT. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos patriarqma ilia meorem miapyro jerovani yuradReba wamebul arqimaqndrits da 1995 wlis 15 dekembers, saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wminda sinodis Sekrebaze, arqimandriti grigoli Setanil iqna wmindanebis siaSi, rogorc wminda mRvdelmowame. Seiqmna tropari da kondaki. arsebobs misi 4 xati. 2 Seqmnilia poloneTSi, 2 ki saqarTveloSi. kanonizaciis sazeimo ceremonias uZRveboda patriarqi ilia meore. arqimandrit grigol feraZis kanonizacias safuZvlad edeba wmindanad Seracxvis cnobili rva safuZvlidan Semdegi:

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1.mowamebrivi sikvdili qristesaTvis.

2.maRali saeklesio saganmanaTleblo da saRvTismsaxurebo moRvaweoba.

3.didi damsaxureba eklesiisa da eris winaSe. 4.keTilmsaxuri, marTali, wminda cxovreba.

5.patriarq neqtariosis mier dasaxelebuli niSnebidan pirveli ori niSani: a)ubiwo marTlmadidebloba, b)yovelgvari saTnoebis aRsruleba, romelsac Tan sdevs dapirispireba rwmenis gamo, sisxlis daTxevamdec ki. es kanonizacia cno agreTve polonurma marTlmadidebelma eklesiamac, da Cawera misi saxeli Tavis diptiqebSi. amgvarad mama grigoli gaxda erTdroulad ori moZme marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wmindani, riTac axda mRvdelmowamis ocneba am eklesiebis megobrobis Sesaxeb. misi mowameoba warmoadgens erT-erT naTel furcels Tanamedrove marTlmadideblobisas. da rogorc aRniSna 2005 wels polonel momlocvelebTan Sexvedraze saqarTvelos kaTolikos partiarqma ilia meorem: “wminda grigol

feraZe poloneTs da saqarTvelos Soris SemakavSirebeli xidia; droTa ganmavlobaSi es xidi ki sul ufro da ufro metad gamtkicdeba�. kanonizacias poloneTidan Camosul delegaciasTan erTad eswreboda Teologiis doqtori dekanozi henrik paprocki, romlis moRvaweoba grigol feraZis biografiis dadgenis, misi naSromebis Segroveba - gamocemis saqmeSi da wmindanad Seracxvis saqmeSi, gansakuTrebuli aRniSvnis Rirsia. man 80-ian wlebSi parizis sasuliero akademiaSi gaicno mama ilia melia, romelic gaecno dekanoz henrikis mier grigol feraZeze Segrovil masalebs, Tavadac bevri ram moigona mis Sesaxeb da sTxova am didi saqmis gagrZeleba. mas Semdeg mama henrik paprocki dRemde dauRalavad eweva am saqmianobas.

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1999 wels saqarTvelos, poloneli episkoposi mironi ewvia. sionis sakaTedro taZarSi warmoTqmuli qadagebisas, man aRniSna: “Tqven, mama grigoli wmindanad SeracxeT,

ramac Zalian gagvaxara.

Cvenma marTlmadidebelma eklesiamac cno misi kanonizeba. CvenTan axal taZrebSi xSirad naxavT mis xatebs, mas freskebzec gamosaxaven... poloneTSi arsebobs wminda grigolis saZmo, romelic aerTianebs axalgazrdebs, mecnierebs, inteligenciis sxva warmomadgenlebs. isini iwveven konferenciebs, organizebas ukeTeben momlocvelobas�. ase, 2004 da 2005 wels mama henrik paprockis winamZRolobiT saqarTveloSi Camovida grigol feraZis saZmos 22 poloneli momlocveli, romlebmac mTeli saqarTvelo moiares, iyvnen bakurcixis wminda giorgis eklesiaSi, sadac moinaTla patara grigoli, locva aRavlines sxva mraval wminda salocavebSi. arqimandritis saxelze, misi gardacvalebis dRes 6 dekembers, yovel wels varSavis universitetSi ewyoba qarTvelologiuri sesia, romelzedac moxsenebebs kiTxuloben sxvadasxva qveynidan Camosuli mecnierebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom varSavis universitetis xelmZRvanelobas ganzraxuli aqvs mama grigolis naSromebis srulad gamocema polonur enaze, romelsac redaqtirebas gaukeTebs polonurad mama henrik paprocki da qarTulad doqtori daviT yolbaia. naSromi damTavrdeba 2009 wels. amJamad varSavaSi, poloneTis mitropolitis sabas SewevniT da poloneTSi mcxovrebi qarTveli mecnieris varSavis unuversitetis profesoris daviT yolbaias TaosnobiT, navaraudevia mama grigol feraZis saxelze varSavaSi, qarTul xuroTmoZRvrul stilSi, sakaTedro taZris aSeneba. proeqtis arqiteqtoria varSavis mTavari arqiteqtori andrei markovski, romelic 2004 wels

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grigol feraZis saZmos wevrebTan erTad imyofeboda saqarTveloSi. bolo dros saqarTveloSic gamoqveynda mama grigolis ramdenime samecniero naSromi, an calke wignad an JurnalebSi. am mxriv aRsaniSnavia Jurnal “artanujis” 2003 wlis #11, romelic mTlianad eZRvneba arqimandrit grigol feraZes. (redaqtori buba kudava).

2005 wels poloneTis mitropolitis sabas mowveviT,

Sedga sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos patriarqis istoriuli, pirveli oficialuri viziti poloneTSi. (pirvelad patriarqi ewvia poloneTs mitropolit sabas intronizaciaze, magram ama wlis stumroba- misi pirveli oficialuri vizitia).

2005 wels, uwmindesis da unetaresis, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-partiarqis, ilia meoris locva-kurTxeviT, Seiqmna kavSiri “wmida mRvdelmowame grigol feraZis sazogadoeba”, romlis sapatio Tavmjdomareobasac daTanxmda TviT saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi. sazogadoeba miznad isaxavs gaacnos saqarTvelos da aseve sazRvargareTis dainteresebuli sazogadoebis farTo wreebs grigol feraZis cxovreba da moRvaweoba; Seagrovos, Seiswavlos, gadaTargmnos da gamosces misi mdidari mecnieruli da saRvTismetyvelo memkvidreoba; 43

daamyaros urTierToba sazRvargareTis samecniero da saRvTismetyvelo dawesebulebebTan; organizacia gaukeTos wminda grigol feraZis saxelobis eklesiis aSenebas mis samSobloSi da sxva. sazogadoebam ganaTavsa internetSi gverdi

http\\grigolperadze.ge am gverdze moTavsebulia wmindanis xatebi, misi biografia, naSromebis nusxa da informacia sazogadoebis Sesaxeb. wminda mRvdelmowamis cxovrebaze da moRvaweobaze gadaRebulia 2 filmi. erTi poloneTSi “wminda angelozis ZiebaSi”, reJisorebis: eJi lubaxis da Tamar dulariZis, meore “wminda Sto vazisa”, rezo TabukaSvilis filmi, zurab romelSiac gamoyenebulia WavWavaZis mier adre mopovebuli masalebic, swored zurab WavWavaZem erTerTma pirvelma gadaTargmna polonuridan grigol feraZis biografia. rezo TabukaSvils samwuxarod ar dascalda am filmis damTavreba, igi misma mowafeebma daamTavres. aRsaniSnavia, rom filmi gaaxmovana rezo TabukaSvilis megobarma aw gardacvlilma saxelovanma mamulikote maxaraZem. grigol Svilma feraZes mieZRvna ramodenime satelevizio gadacema, romelTagan goCa saiTiZis mier aRsaniSnavia telekompania “iberiasaTvis” gakeTebuli gadacema “saxeebi” - grigol feraZe”. poloneTis marTlmadideblebma Seqmnes locva, romelic gadaTargmna polonuridan romanoz feraZem da grigol feraZis ZmisSvilma, romliTac gvinda davamTavroT Cveni mcire biografiuli Txroba am udidesi mamuliSvilis, udidesi mecnieris da wmindanad Seracxuli arqimandritis grigol feraZis Sesaxeb:

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“Sen iveriis eklesiis angelozo, gevedrebi sulis siRrmidan, damifare Seni wminda locvebiT, daacxre Cemi vnebani. me, rogorc gzaareul cxvars, gTxov wminda mowameo arqimandrito, Semewio Seni SuamdgomlobiT da mimiyvano did mwyemsTuxucesTan, mcxovrebTan RvTiur sasufevelSi da maRirso xilva miuwvdomeli sinaTlisa da misi momavlisa. Rirseulo grigol, Caminerge rwmena da goniereba saRvTo sjulisadmi da Seni SuamdgomlobiT maRirse uwmindesi maradiuli dideba mamisa da Zisa da wmindisa sulisa, aw da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin�.

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gamoyenebuli literatura: -Polska Bratstvo Sw. Grzegorza Peradze – Yaroslav Charkewicz – Swiety archimandryta meczennik Grzegorz Peradze -Zycie i dzielo Sw.Grzegorza Peradze – Ks.Henrik Paprocki.

Pro.Georgia 2002/2003.

-Jurnali “artanuji” 2003 w. # 11.

-grigol feraZe. “ucxoel piligrimTa cnobebi palestinis qarTveli berebisa da qarTuli monastrebis Sesaxeb” - goCa jafariZis redaqciiT. -“mamao Cvenos” ganmarteba-qadagebebi, narkvevebi.

Tbilisis sasuliero akademiis gamocema 2001 w.

- “ucxoeTis cis qveS” - g.SaraZe-1993 w. wigni II, gv.377.

-“dedaeklesia”- Jurnali 2005 w. #16 seqtemberi.

-“arqimandriti grigol feraZe”- Targmani. zurab WavWavaZe 1987 w.

-Meczennicy XX wieku–Martirologia Prawoslawna w Polsce w biografiach szwietich.

Warszawska metropolia Pravoslawna. Warszawa 2004 -Pro Georgia – Journal of Kartvelological Studies #9 – 10 2002/2003 Varsaw University.

-reJisor rezo TabukaSvilis filmi “wminda Sto vazisa”.

-reJisor eJi lubaxis da Tamar dulariZis filmi – “TeTri angelozis ZiebaSi”.

naSromSi gamoyenebulia fotoebi: Jurnal “artanujis” masalebidan; romanoz feraZis saojaxo arqividan; “qarTuli oqromWedloba” giorgi CubinaSvili. 1959. polonuri citirebuli literaturidan. videofilmebidan “TeTri angelozis ZiebaSi”; “wminda Sto vazisa”;

avtori: ilia feraZe E-mail: ilia.peradze@yahoo.com redaqtori: Tamaz tyemalaZe

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wignis damateba 2013 wels winamdebare wigni, misi uwmindesobis saqarTvelos kaTolikos patriarqis, ilia II locva-kurTxeviT pirvelad gamoica wm.grigol feraZis sazogadoebis mier 2004 wels.

II gamocema daistamba wmindanis dabadebis saiubileo 110 wlisTavisaTvis, qarTul da inglisur enebze sapatriarqos wm.andria pirvelwodebulis saxelobis universitetTan erTad – 2009 wels.

III gamocemis damatebaSi mokledaa moyvanili sazogadoebis mier 2009 wlis Semdeg 2014 wlamde Catarebuli samuSaoebi: 2009 wels sapatriarqos wm. andria pirvelwodebulis saxelobis univesitetSi Catarda wmida grigol feraZis dabadebidan 110 wlisTavisadmi miZRvnili saerTaSoriso konferencia. Camovidnen mecnierebi da sasuliero pirebi 7 qveynidan. stumrebi ewvien bakurcixes da locva aRavlines wm.giorgis taZarSi, sadac 110 wlis win moinaTla wmindani. ewvien agreTve daviT garejis lavras.

2010 wels sazogadoebam SeiZina bakurcixeSi, wm.giorgis taZris mimdebare wm.grigolis mSoblebis nasaxlari miwis nakveTTan erTad da gadasca sapatriarqos. amavdroulad sazogadoebam daamuSava am nasaxlaris adgilas wmindanis saxl-muzeumis proeqti, romelic akurTxa sazogadoebis sapatio Tavmjdomarem, uwmindesma da unetaresma, ilia II sazogadoebis wevrebis stumrobisas patriarqTan, wm.grigol feraZis gardacvalebis dRes 6 dekembers. sazogadoebam patriarqs samaxsovrod miarTva wm.grigolis tiqruli minanqris xati.

2011 wels 15 oqtombers Tbilisis saxelmwifo konservatoriis sakonferencio darbazSi Sedga wm.grigol feraZisadmi miZRvnili saRamo da koncerti. saRamos msvlelobisas skaipis meSveobiT monawileoba miiRes masSi varSavidan, wmindanis biografma mama henrik paprockim da varSavis universitetis profesorma daviT yolbaiam.

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2011

wlis 6 dekembers goris sasuliero saswavlebelSi Sedga wm.grigol feraZis xsovnis saRamo. saRamos daeswro samTavisis da goris episkoposi andria. bolos naCvenebi iyo filmi

2012 wels Catarda konferencia wm.samebis taZris axalgazrdul centrSi. internetiT Sedga kavSiri varSavis universitetis profesorTan daviT yolbaiasTan da wmindanis biografTan mama henrik paprockisTan. konferenciaSi monawileobda varSavis universitetis aRmosavleTmcodneobis institutis direqtori profesori ian malcki.

2012 wels sazogadoebis TanaTavmjdomaris ilia feraZis mier gadaRebul iqna filmi grigol feraZis cxovrebaze emigraciamde: �is rac gvagonebs grigol feraZes�, romelic, sazogadoebis wevrebma waradgines varSavaSi wmindanisadmi miZRvnil konferenciaze 6 dekembers.

2014 wels Tbilisis universitetis reqtoris, profesor vladimer papavas xelSewyobiT, sazogadoebam, universitetis SenobaSi gaxsna wmindanis memorialuri dafa, romelic daamzada da sazogadoebas saCuqrad gadasca, gamoCenilma qarTvelma moqandakem gia jafariZem. CamoTvlili RonisZiebebis garda sazogadoeba sistematurad atarebs leqciebs da aCvenebs filmebs axalgazrdobas skolebSi da umaRles saswavleblebSi.

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wm.grigol feraZis saxl-muzeumis proeqti

miuxedavad mravalgzis mcdelobisa, wm.grigols auxdenel ocnebad darCa samSobloSi dabruneba. samSobloSi, ki mSoblebis nasaxlaris nangrevebis garda, sofel bakurcixeSi, xelSesaxebi araferia darCenili.. wm.grigol feraZis sazogadoebas ganzraxuli aqvs am nangrevebze aaSenos wmindanis saxl-muzeumi.

qvemoT mocemulia wm.grigol feraZis saxl-muzeumis proeqti da sazogadoebis sabanko angariSebi, iqneb Cven mainc SevZloT SeusruloT wmindans auxdeneli ocneba!

SegewioT wmida grigolis madli!

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2014 w. Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi gaxsnili wm.grigol feraZis memorialuri dafa

Cveni angariSebia: qarTu-banki kodi: CRTUE22 wm. mRvdelmowame grigol feraZis sazogadoeba angariSi: IBAN GE17CR0000000002703608 saqarTvelos banki kodi BBAGAGE22 “wmida mRvdelmowame grigol feraZis sazogadoeba” IBAN: GE09BG0000000431807400

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Saint Martyr Grigol Peradze The present issue is dedicated to the life of prominent Georgian ecclesiastical and theologian-archimandrite Grigol Peradze (1899-1942), a fervent servant to his own country and faith.

After annexation of the Georgian republic by the Soviet Russia (1921), he continued education at the universities of Berlin and Bonn studing theology.

In 1926 Grigol Peradze defended his Ph.D. on the “History of the Georgian monasticism from its origination until 1064” at the university of Bonn.

His scholar activities especially fruitful were in the 1930s- he worked under the supervision of Paul Peeters in Brussels, studied Georgian manuscripts in the libraries of the British Museum in London and Oxford university, regularly participated in the international scientific conferences, etc.

Grigol Peradze was devoid to return back to his homeland because of totalitarian regime established in Georgia.

He took the monastic vows in 1931 and was ordinates priest. Peradze founded St. Nino church in Paris (being the only Georgian church abroad during decades) in the same year and began to publish scientific journal “Jvari Vazisa” (Cross of wine).

Since 1933 Grigol Peradze was a Professor of patrology at the faculty of Orthodox Theology of Warsaw University, proceeding at the same time with intensive scholar researches. Numerous important written monuments of Georgian culture had been discovered by him in archives of Romania, Bulgaria, Austria, Italia, Greece and Israel.

His fruitful ecclesiastic and scientific activities were brought to the end by the unleashing of World War II in 1939, when Fascist Germany occupied Poland. Peradze did not leave his second homeland, he sheared the horror of war with Polish people. He was martyred in a concentration camp on December 6, 1942 by entering voluntary gas-chamber instead of a Jewish prisoner who had large family.

Grigol Peradze was canonized in 1995 by the Council of Orthodox Church of Georgia establishing Day of Memory for Priest Martyr Grigol on December 6.

Ilia Peradze

E- mail ilia.peradze@yahoo,com

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