UNIT 2: TOOLS AND MACHINES NATURAL SCIENCE SECOND LEVEL PRIMARY CEIP SANTA ANA MADRIDEJOS (TOLEDO) Mª Isabel López
WHAT ARE THESE PEOPLE DOING?
WHICH TOOLS AND MACHINES ARE THEY USING?
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MACHINES HOW DO DIFFERENT MACHINES WORK? COMPUTERS JOBS AND TOOLS IN THEPAST AND PRESENT SCIENTISTS AND INVENTORS COMPLEX MACHINES PETROL TABLET JOBS NEED DIFFERENT TOOLS SIMPLE MACHINES HUMAN ENERGY ELECTRICITY DESKTOP COMPUTER LAPTOP MOBILE PHONES HORSES AND TRACTORS RIVERS AND WASHING MACHINES
THOMAS EDISON
JOHN LOGIE BAIRD
THE WRIGHT BROTHERS 2
GRAHAM BELL
Machinesare instruments which make our work easier. There are simple machinesand complex machines. MACHINES
DRILL CRANE
SCREW 3
REFRIGERATOR
WHEELBARROW PULLEY
PLANE CAR WASHING MACHINE TRAFFIC LIGHT MOBILE PHONE 4
SIMPLE MACHINES
:
It´s
a basic tool that is used to do work.
SCREW
LEVER WHEEL
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WEDGE
INCLINED PLANE
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PULLEY
WHEEL LEVER WHEEL LEVER PULLEY 7
COMPLEX MACHINES: Two or more simple machines working together. WHEELBARROW CRANE
ESCALATOR BICYCLE INCLINED PLANE PULLEYS (inside) 8 WHEEL PULLEY INCLINED PLANE
HOW DO DIFFERENT MACHINES WORK?
Some machines work with human energy, some with eletricity and some with petrol.
HUMAN ENERGY
The rake, the hammer and the bicycle work with human energy.
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ELECTRICITY
The vacuum cleaner, the laptop and the lamp work with electricity.
PETROL
The lorry, the car and the plane work with petrol.
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machines. We use computersto do work, to listen to music and to play games. When a computer is connected to the Internet, we can look for informationand communicatewithpeople by email. PRINTER KEYBOARD MONITOR CPU SPEAKERS MOUSE 11
COMPUTERS Computersare
There are desktop computers and laptop computers. Mobile phones and tablets are computers too. You don´t need a mouse to use them. You slide the screen with your fingers.
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JOBS AND TOOLS
People need different tools and machines to do their jobs.
The butcher needs knifes to cut meat.
The hairdresser needs scissors to cut your hair
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The firefighter needs a hose to put out fires.
The teacher needs a blackboard to write.
The doctor needs stethoscope.
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The carpenter needs a hammer to pin nails.
The fisherman needs a net to catch fish.
The
bus driver needs a bus to transport people
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IN THE PAST AND PRESENT
In the past, horses pulled ploughs.
Today, tractors pull ploughs.
In the past, people washed their clothes in rivers.
Today, people wash their clothes in washing machines.
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PAST PRESENT
SCIENTISTS AND INVENTORS
Scientists
Graham Bell invented the telephone
John Logie Baird invented the television
Some machines were invented a long time ago.
and inventors invent new machines, using new technology.
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Thomas Edison developed a wide range of products. For example, the light bulb and the phonograph.
The Wright Brothers designed, built and flew the first powered aircraft, showing that man could fly.
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TOOLS AND MACHINES