I Love Chile Edition 16: Great Chileans by I Love Chile News

Edition 16: October 2011 Price $1.000

Promoting English in Chile, Promoting Chile in English.

www.ilovechile.cl

I LOVE CHILE RADIO / OCTOBER 2011

A Virtual Meeting Place for the Global Wanderer ILC Radio has been streaming 24 hour, live webcasts in ENGLISH out of Chile since 2007. Globally loved as a breeding ground for expat communications and their unique wandering perspectives on Chile, ILC Radio - based in Santiago, orients local and international listeners with eclectic, open format programming on Chilean politics, news, food, music, nightlife, opinions and yes, sports. Tune in anytime for the local scoop at: www.ilovechile.cl/radio

Casa Museo Eduardo Frei Montalva:

A home, a history

By Katie Bolin

asa Museo Eduardo Frei Montalva is the first museum dedicated to an ex-Chilean president. His role in reforming the structure of the country was apparent in his work to give the citizens of Chile the necessary tools to grow culturally, as well as economically. Frei saw unity amongst Latin American countries as an economic and political force, thus leading to the creation of the Pacto Andino in 1969. His important work in forging the way for development led to the construction of Santiago’s metro, Túnel Lo Prado (a tunnel) and the national television station. He also acted as a cornerstone for the advancement of hospitals, airports, reservoirs, educational establishments and housing throughout Chile. The Frei Museum›s goal is to cultivate his legacy by spreading his personality, lifestyle and vocation, by opening to the public his home of 40 years and by sharing his family’s testimonies about his life. In hopes of preserving his heritage, visitors to the Casa Museo Eduardo Frei Montalva will be able to get to know the cultural and historical relevance of Eduardo Frei, the politician, writer, thinker, father, candidate, lawyer and president— all through a collection of his furniture, works of art, photographs, decor, personal objects, library of books, diplomas, documents and titles. Stepping outside the constraints of traditional education, the museum also aims to teach children not just about his legacy, but also about Chilean and 20 century international history—including diversity, human rights, democracy, the environment, international relations, social justice and economics, among many others. The museum stresses that their objective is to stimulate critical thinking about Chile and the surrounding world, using the real-life experiences of the students as a gateway to learning. With over 16,000 historical documents archived, the Casa Museo Eduardo Frei Montlava strives to educate and inform Chileans and foreign visitors alike of the impact that Frei left on the country, the continent and the world. Get the latest news headlines everyday on www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / TABLE OF CONTENTS

STAFF Publisher & CEO Daniel Brewington Editor In Chief Julie Gibson Managing Editor Kelsey Bennett Copy Editor Sharon Ewing Travel Editor Jonathan Franklin Chief Strategy Officer Pamela Lagos Corporate & Special Projects Shonika Proctor Sales & Marketing Steve Halsey Andrew Rogers Claudia Torres Johanna Watson Online Editor Kayla Young News Desk Bárbara Hermosilla Contributors Shonika Proctor Andrea Cibotti Colin Bennett Pablo Retamal Marcelle Dubruel Ben Angel Alexis Psarras Jonathan Franklin Laura Seelau Ryan Seelau Mamiko Ito Bárbara Hermosilla Titus Levy Silvia Viñas Photographers Gardner Hamilton Daniel Brewington Lorenzo Moscia Rodrigo Unda Felipe Burgos Julia Dose Design Alfonso Gálvez Translations Luis Paz Interns Katie Bolin Avery Cropp Julia Dose Chery Lynn van Dalen The I Love Chile Office is located on Loreto 6, Bellavista, Santiago, Chile Our office hours are from 10:00 am to 5:00pm Monday to Friday Contact Phone: +56 (02) 732 26 39 Out of hours contact+ 56 (09) 7 549 1513 To contact our newsdesk email: prensa@ilovechile.cl or press@ilovechile.cl To contact administration email: info@ilovechile.cl To contact advertising email: pamela@ilovechile.cl

Letter From the Editor

“Passion is Everything” Steve Jobs

With the passing of Steve Jobs a couple of weeks ago, he is no longer with us, but we are constantly surrounded by the creations of his dreams and passions. Steve Jobs followed his heart his whole life and in following his passion for music he created the iPod, by following his love for calligraphy he created the Macintosh and by following his joy of animation we now have Pixar Animation Studios. These and hundreds of other creations happened because Steve allowed himself to dream big—to see beyond what was in the present, to think outside the box, to go where no one else had the vision to go. If there are never any dreams, there would never be any achievements. The more outrageous the dream, the more colossal the achievements are. How do you dream? Do you base them on what has already been achieved? Or do you base them on your deepest desire? The latter is how you’re going to create a movement and shake the world. What are your wildest, craziest dreams? Set them and go after them. I often hear of people saying that they can’t follow their passion because they need to wait for things to be in the right order or place. That may be true, but are these prerequisites really necessary or are they just excuses not to take action? Stop waiting for life to be perfect or you to be perfect. Take the first step today and trust that everything else will just fall into place. “Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma—which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.” Steve Jobs That is why I dare you to follow your passion. No matter how big or small, passion is what keeps us all hoping for something more. Dreams keep us all going in order to make the most of our lives and accomplish what we are meant to do in this world. Write. Cook. Dance. Whatever your dream

Subscribe today!!

I Love Chile was born to promote English in Chile and Chile in English. Where else can you get a complete presentation of what’s going on in Chile in English? We provide to the Chilean community a well written tool to practice English as well as providing positive Chilean news to expats and other foreigners in Chile and abroad. I Love Chile news is currently being delivered to embassies, airlines, schools, universities and tour related enterprises, as well as in newsstands around Santiago. If you are having trouble finding it, get your subscription today so it can be delivered right to your doorstep. Subscribe today so you don’t miss out!! Send your request to: subscription@ilovechile.cl

“ Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma—which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.” Steve Jobs is, don’t ever give up. Don’t make yourself work in a job you dislike, because that is a waste of your precious life. Do what you love, because that’s what life is about—doing the things you love. This issue we are featuring Chileans who have dared to dream big and have changed the playing field in Chile. From business and economics to art and science, I Love Chile has highlighted Chileans who are living their dreams and striving to make Chile and the world a better place. Take note of these game changers, you never know, they just may be the next Steve Jobs or something bigger we have yet to imagine. What did you dare to dream today? Julie Gibson Editor in Chief

Table of Contents Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 & 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 & 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 & 17 Page 18 & 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27

Casa Museo Eduardo Frei Montalva: A home, a history Letter of Editor / Advertiser Profile News Round Up High School Revolution Still Trapped in Hell: Chilean Miners Battle to Stave off Demons from 10 Week Entrapment David Aniñir Guilitraro Eduardo Frei Montalva Andrés Velasco Brañes José Miguel Insulza Pablo Valnzuela Valdés: bringing together science and business CuboToy The Legacy of Ramona Parra: Painted in Stone Federico Sánchez Camila Vallejo: Chile’s Wildly Popular Student Leader becomes Latin American Folk Hero Mining for Innovation: 10 rising leaders in Chile you’re going to dig Pablo Larraín Matte: Executive Producer of Profúgos Patricio Fernández Chadwick - The Clinic Julio Farkas Klein: Chile’s favorite philanthropist Work Life Balance for Women Wine weekend in the sun Good Mood Foods Four Famous Chilean Chefs ILC Recommends

Cover IMAGE: Courtesy Pie Grande.

Follow feature column ‘My Two Cents’, opinions about Chile every week on www.ilovechile.cl

NEWS / OCTOBER 2011

News round-up By Andrea Cibotti

Photo: Courtesy Senado de Chile

Therapeutic Abortion Talks

Recently the Senate health commission approved the idea of legislating on therapeutic abortion. According to this new proposal, abortion would be considered legal only in certain circumstances: in cases where the mother’s life is at risk, in cases of fetal deformity with no viability for surviving and in cases of rape. The Senate’s health commission approved the new bill in a 3-2 vote with Senators Guido Girardi of the Party for Democracy (PPD), Mariano Ruiz Esquide (DC) and Fulvio Rossi of the Socialist Party (PS) giving the favoring votes. The act pushes towards the regulation of abortion in Chile. Talking about abortion is a controversial topic in any society, even in those considered more developed. It provokes moral and ethical questions. Certainly, it is an even more complex issue when inserted into a predominantly Catholic country, such as Chile, where

issues of abortion have been traditionally dominated by the position of the Church. The institution has openly rejected and criticized any possible abortion regulation defending the right to life of the fetus or embryo, over women’s reproductive rights or prochoice. In the political arena, several conservative party members have already stated that they will block the proposal. The government has said that it is not necessary to legislate over the issue. However, there are a few conservative legislators that have openly supported the initiative, such as Karla Rubilar and Joaquin Godoy, both from Renovación Nacional or National Renovation. The support comes especially when the situation involves a threat to the mother’s health or the fetus like in cases of encephalic babies, a disorder in which children are born without a fore-

brain. Another key determinant on the fate of a therapeutic abortion law is public opinion. According to recent studies by the Program of Social Inclusion and Gender at the Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences in Chile (FLACSO-Chile), 94.4 percent of Chileans are in favor of an open debate and revision of the abortion law. Talking about regulation of abortion in Congress was previously considered impossible, so discussion of this controversial topic in itself is a huge step. Making changes and addressing traditionally controversial issues are always welcome and healthy in a society. Now the bill waits in the deputies’ chamber for discussion a few months from now. One thing that will determine the future of this law is whether or not President Piñera will use his constitutional veto on the matter as has been proposed by some right-wing legislators.

U.S. dollar on the rise Following the U.S. debt deal, the panic of global markets, a prompted fall in European stocks and fear of an American recession, the U.S. dollar suffered a steady decline in Chile. For almost a year the U.S. currency weakened in Chile, reaching low values fluctuating in the 460 and 480 pesos since February. However, things appear to be looking up for the U.S. dollar, which has been spiking over the last few weeks, reaching its highest value since July, 2010. It has peaked from August 1 at CLP$ 465 to CLP$ 526.8 for buyers and 527.3 for sellers in September 22—a clear sign that the U.S dollar is on the rise in Chile. As of the last week of September, the American dollar has stabilized at CLP$ 512.61 buyer and CLP$512.95 seller as of Thursday, September 29. The exchange rate has been influenced by the positive performance of international stock markets after favorable U.S. economic data reported a higher than expected economic growth for the second quarter, taking away the fear of a recession and raising investor interest, thus benefiting the currencies of emerging economies like Chile. Another positive factor that explains the continued rise of the dollar these days has to do with the German parliament approving the extension of European rescue fund. Lastly, the drop in the copper price often leads to a depreciation of the Chilean peso against the dollar since the metal represents more than half the country’s exports. Copper prices have fallen the last week of September, global economic uncertainty regarding Greece and its default risks have dropped copper prices 5.94 percent. Considering the volatility of the dollar, it is difficult to predict if it will continue to rise. According to traders, the exchange rate could move upwards, however, they are estimating a dollar ceiling of CLP$528-530. The current price certainly favors the Chilean exporters who benefit from any rise of the American currency, while consumers in Chile will be affected negatively with the rise of prices on imported products such as oil. Follow the life of countryside ‘Life in the Sexta’ on www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / NEWS

A delight in “Natura House” On Friday, September 23, 2011, Hacienda Santia Martina held their annual festival for partners of the country club in their events center, “Nature House”. This event brought together many members of the exclusive country club, who were delighted with a delicious cocktail courtesy of Hacienda Santa Martina’s Executive Chef, Armando Mendez; guests were also able to enjoy a live show from the double of Neil Diamond. To end this great event, the members were entertained with a party arranged by Banda Celebrity, who captivated all attendees with their music and performance. Hacienda Santa Martina greatly appreciates the attendance of its partners, and they are all cordially invited to continue enjoying the wonderful events held at “Nature House”.

NEWS / OCTOBER 2011

High School Revolution By Jonathan Franklin Photos: Julia Dose / Daniel Brewington

leeping on their tile classroom floor, sharing cigarettes and watching out for police raids, the students at Carmela Carvajal elementary and high school are living a revolution. Last May, dozens of teenage girls emerged from the pre-dawn darkness, scaled a spiked iron fence and used classroom chairs to barricade themselves inside the campus of Chile’s most prestigious all female public school. They settled in. It is now a five month long occupation which shows no signs of dying and the students continue their quest for a free university education. An informal tour of this occupied school in Santiago is a trip into the wired reality of a generation that boasts the communication tools that the feisty young rebels of the past could only dream about. When police forces move closer, the students use restricted Facebook chat sessions to mobilize. Within minutes they are able to rally support groups from other public schools in the neighborhood. “Our lawyer lives over there,” said Angelica Alvarez, a 14 year old, as she pointed to a cluster of nearby homes. “If we yell, ‘Mauricio,´ really loud, he leaves his home and comes over.” For five months, the students at Carmela Carvajal have lived on the first floor, sleeping at times in the gym, but usually in the abandoned classrooms where they hauled in a television, set up a private changing room and began to experience school from an entirely different perspective. After their takeover, the students organized a vote on the seizure. Approximately half the 1,800 students participated in the Yes-No vote and the yeas outnumbered the nays, ten to one. The students now pass their school day listening to guest lecturers who provide free classes on topics ranging from economics to astronomy. Extracurricular classes include yoga and salsa lessons. At night and on weekends, visiting rock bands set up their equipment and charge 1,000 pesos (1 GPB) per person to hear a live jam on the basketball court. Neighbors donate fresh baked cakes and under a quirk of Chilean law, the government is obliged to feed students who are at school – even students who have shut down education as usual. So much donated food has poured in that students from Carmela Carvajal now run regular food runs to feed hungry students at nearby high schools who have also turned their high schools into permanent squats. Given the constant efforts by municipal authorities to expel the rebel students and get classes back on schedule, the momentum has been held by the youngsters. “It was the most beautiful moment, all of us in [school] uniform climbing over the fence taking back control of our school. It was

“It was the most beautiful moment, all of us in [school] uniform climbing over the fence taking back control of our school. It was such an emotional moment, we all wanted to cry,” said Alvarez, a high school freshman.

such an emotional moment, we all wanted to cry,” said Alvarez, a high school freshman. “There have been ten times that the police have taken back the school and every time we come and take it over again.” The students have built a hyper-organized, legalistic little world, with votes for everything including daily duties, housekeeping schedules and the election of a president and spokeswoman. In a twist on the Ten Commandments, their school rules include several novel rules: no sex, no boys and no booze. That last clause has been a bit abused, they admit. “We have had a few cases of classmates who tried to bring in alcohol but we caught them and they were punished,” said 14 year old Alvarez, who was stationed at the school entrance and questioning all visitors. Alvarez, who has lived at the school for an estimated four months, laughed as she described the punishment. “They had to clean all the bathrooms.” Carmela Carvajal is among Chile’s most successful public schools. Nearly all the graduates are assured a place in top Chilean universities and the school is a magnet, drawing in some of the brightest female minds from across Santiago, the nation’s capital and a 6 million-person metropolis. But Carmela Carvajal high school is just a small part of a booming student uprising which has seized the agenda for the future of public education in Chile and knocked the political establishment and the president off-kilter.

The students are demanding a rollback of university fees to the 1960s, when public university education was free – as it continues to be in various universities throughout South America. With 2011 current tuition fees averaging nearly three times the minimum wage and interest rates on student loans priced to market at 7%, the students have made financial reform the centerpiece of the student uprising. Their nationwide movement continues to hijack the nation’s political agenda with unceasing demands that education be recognized as a common right for all, not a consumer good in the education market. Chile’s current education system includes many forprofit institutions that are bought and traded like commodities. Before the recent uprising, the classified section of leading Chilean newspaper El Mercurio featured schools for sale. The advertisements regularly noted that the institution was a highly profitable and stable investment. The Chilean uprising has changed that. Now owners of public schools have begun posting employment ads in local newspapers for security guards to fend off attempts by students to seize the schools. One ad recruited able- bodied men (“no experience necessary”) to use dogs in an attempt to repel the student takeovers. While politicians and many parents fret that the cancellation of classes since May has converted 2011 into a lost year for public education, for many of the students the past five months have been the most intensive education of their life. “I have become a lot more mature. I used to judge them [classmates] by their looks. Now I understand them and together we stand up for what we believe,” said Camila Gutierrez, 15, a freshman at Carmela Carvajal. “It has been four months and exhausting, but if you want something in life, you have to fight for it.” Beginning in late May with the first takeover of a public school, an estimated 200 public elementary and high schools have now been occupied by students. Weekly protest marches gather between 50,000-100,000 students throughout the nation, with especially large turnouts in coastal cities of Valparaiso and Concepcion. A collapse of round table talks have hardened positions on both sides. With imaginative protests including a kiss-a-thon in which 3,000 couples groped and smooched for exactly fifteen minutes, the Chilean student movement has captured the imagination of a long dormant but apparently disenchanted Chilean public. The unified front of students also counts on support from an estimated 7out of 10 adults in Chile, far higher than the nation’s political coalitions or President Sebastian Piñera recent approval ratings, which have ranged from 22% to 30%. ILC

Find out about environmental issues & wildlife in Chile: every Tuesday by Carolina Lesseigneur on www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / NEWS

By Jonathan Franklin

year after their miraculous rescue, Samuel Avalos, one of the 33 rescued Chilean miners now says that the fabled heroes have been abandoned, both financially and psychologically. “Every man for himself,” said Avalos, when asked to describe the psychological counseling and financial support given him over the past 12 months. “They cast us to the wind and experimented with pills, giving us everything including antipsychotics!” Avalos, a 42 year-old with minimal mining experience before the entrapment, is now living off the occasional lecture. He has peddled his personal artifacts from the entrapment for $8,000 to a Chilean museum run by Carlos Cardoen, a millionaire businessman who made his fortune selling cluster bombs to Saddam Hussein. “They bought my helmet, my uniform and lots of knick-knacks,” said Avalos, who hopes to work as a tour guide at that same museum, in Santa Cruz in Central Chile. After ten weeks trapped at a depth of nearly 700 meters, Avalos continues to suffer from flashbacks. “It is a sudden sensation that I am back in the mine.” For Avalos, a typical day starts late, as he often does not fully sleep until 6am. By 10am he is up, but the calendar is virtually open, except for doctor’s appointments and occasional speaking gigs. Avalos is also taking a course on risk prevention in the workplace. “The teacher told me I was a huge asset for the class,” said Avalos with a laugh. “A couple of the guys are selling vegetables but beyond that? A steady job? I don’t know anyone who is working,” said Avalos, who continues to apply for jobs and politicians to complete their promises of jobs for the 33 miners. “I was (one of ) the protagonist(s) in this tragedy, and now I am last in line (for government benefits like housing),” said Avalos. “I am just another Chilean indigent....I feel like an orphan.” While a handful of the 33 miners including Reygadas, charismatic Mario Sepulveda and shift foreman Luis Urzua have been actively courted as speakers and celebrities, the once unbreakable unity of the 33 is now being torn apart by money matters. An email account set up to channel interview requests and sponsorship opportunities has allegedly been hijacked by a single miner. “That is why we overthrew him,” said Samuel Avalos, referring to miner Omar Reygadas who was for several months the point person and spokesman for the group. “He never shared the password and he is the only one with the access, he keeps all the information for himself.” Of the 33 trapped men, all but one have suffered post-traumatic symptoms, said Dr. Jorge Diaz, who was the lead doctor on the scene of the mine rescue for more than two months. “Only Jose Henriquez did not have post traumatic stress disorder,” said Dr. Diaz, in reference to the self described preacher who led the men in-group prayer. Apparently, Henriquez’ devout faith in Jesus Christ was a strong component of his ability to steer clear of the mental health traumas experienced by nearly all of his colleagues, said Diaz, who following the rescue, was named Chile’s Vice Minister of Health. Many of the miners complain of nightmares, fears of loud sounds, short attention span and difficulty relating to their immediate family. “I used to play with my four year-old, now the relationship is not the same,” said miner Victor Zamora in an interview with this reporter. “I am not as tender as before.” Zamora later joked that he wished he could be a millionaire, “that way I could find the guy who has my happiness and buy it back.” “This is the time when we can expect to see greater problems,” said Dr. Jean Romagnoli, a doctor who was in almost daily contact with the miners during the entrapment. “The psychological factors now have the added stress that the men have no money.” Psychological problems amongst the miners have spread deeply in recent months, forcing the government to seek the institutionalization of at least 3 miners, including Edison Pena, the Elvis imitator who charmed the world with his performance on the

Still Trapped in Hell Chilean Miners Battle to Stave off Demons from 10-Week Entrapment. José Manuel de la Maza, Gobierno de Chile

“This is the time when we can expect to see greater problems,” said Dr. Jean Romagnoli, a doctor who was in almost daily contact with the miners during the entrapment. “The psychological factors now have the added stress that the men have no money.” David Letterman show but has now been plagued by some of the King’s bad habits. Off-stage and away from the TV lights, Pena has been raging between marital fights – several of which were televised in a documentary by the Discovery Channel – and fears that his alleged cocaine habit and alcoholism would push him over the edge. “He wants the press back in his life, he was willing to hit his wife to get press attention,” said Dr. Romagnoli. “That was a scream for help.” Pena was institutionalized in early September in an attempt to control his substance abuse and addictions. “It is a lot like the symptoms seen in Vietnam Veterans, you have permanent rage, and nightmares…. many of these men will need treatment for life. It is impossible to erase this trauma,” said Dr. Rodrigo Gillibrand, a psychiatrist who has been treating the min-

ers for much of the last year. Dr. Gillibrand, speaking in his office in Santiago, estimated that roughly onethird of the men were experiencing extremely complicated symptoms as a result of their entrapment. “Put it this, way, if you asked me how many of the (33) men don’t need psychiatric help, I would say seven or eight.” Chilean President Sebastian Piñera, who was at the forefront of the media heavy rescue, and could conceivably invent jobs for the 33, told TV show 60 Minutes that it was time for the miners to get back to work. He essentially said that life is tough and you have got to bear it out. Piñera´s political fortunes soared with the miners, reaching a high of 65%, while today he is in freefall, with recent polls showing just a 27% approval. The miners have subsequently fallen far off the Chilean political radar. “The paternalism of the government is like that of a father who recognizes he is the father of a child and then abandons him again,” said Gillibrand. “It is so frustrating that they don’t have work or at least a solution for employment. I am not saying they should be fully subsidized but at least a steady job.” For the miners suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the road back to working and normal health is still a far away dream. When miner Jose Ojeda went back to working underground he had an almost immediate blackout, an overwhelming sense of anguish and panic. To this day, Ojeda does not know how he walked or was taken out of the mine. ILC

Follow ‘Pepe’s Chile’, insightful advise to life in Chile, every Monday at www.ilovechile.cl

FAMOUS CHILEANS: INDIGENOUS FOCUS / OCTOBER 2011

David Aniñir Guilitraro:

Recreating Mapuche identity through poetry By Ryan Seelau

hile has a saying about its ability to produce poets that, loosely translated, goes something like this: here in Chile, if you lift a grain of sand, out come 20 poets. There does seem to be something about this land crammed between the towering Andes and vast Pacific that tends to generate poets. And so it makes sense that some of the very first inhabitants of the land, the Mapuche people, are likewise drawn to poetry as a way to express their history, culture and identity. From urban areas to rural communities, there are dozens of Mapuche poets, each with their own unique style and perspective. Their writing encapsulates what it means to be Mapuche today. One of the most well known— someone whose writing resonates strongly with a large portion of the Mapuche movement—is David Aniñir Guilitraro. In his own words, Aniñir Guilitraro says he has always written for the Mapuche people, although this has only recently become apparent to himself. As he tells it, even at the age of ten, writing was already a tool at his disposal, used to bridge the distance between rural Mapuche communities and the urban Mapuche enclaves that had started to form as early as the 1950s. Aniñir Guilitraro’s family was among those who relocated to Santiago in the 1970s, leaving behind relatives in the Chol Chol area of the Araucanía and Huilliche family members in the area around Puerto Montt. Letter writing became an important way for Aniñir Guilitraro’s mother to maintain connections with her sister who was still living in the south. From the urban barrio to the rural community, he and one of his cousins were the ones who transcribed these letters back and forth. For Mapuche individuals who came to urban areas, and the children who—like Aniñir Guilitraro— grew up Mapuche in the city, the connection with their ancestral homelands and communities of origin is an integral part of their identity. This can be seen even in the simple act of introducing oneself to a “peñi” (brother) or “lamgen” (sister) for the first time. Such introductions embrace that history and cultural pride: “My name is. My father is. My mother is. I am from.” For Aniñir Guilitraro, that is where the Mapuche identity comes from. To be Mapuche is to have a connection with a history, with a place, with the “pueblo” (people), and that rings true whether you’re in the community, in the city or even as far away as Europe. For some, self-identifying as Mapuche is a process, and for those who grew up in the streets and neighborhoods of cities like Santiago, it isn’t easy. The enclaves of Mapuche settlements in Santiago were Mapuche through-and-through; communities transplanted in the cities. But for decades, stepping outside of those secure communities meant facing cultural clashes where identifying as Mapuche carried a stigma. In such instances, discrimination and repression were strong: speaking the Mapuche language was frowned upon and having a Mapuche last name was something to be ashamed of. There was real fear waiting for your name to be called in a hospital waiting room or even in the classroom. Aniñir Guilitraro is a part of that transplanted generation and, along with thousands of other Ma-

Chile has a saying about its ability to produce poets that, loosely translated, goes something like this: here in Chile, if you lift a grain of sand, out come 20 poets.

puche individuals, he shares those experiences and reflects them in his writings, sharing the struggles of the Mapuche people who are trying to create an identify for themselves. The dominant culture has long denied the Mapuche identity and has caused individuals to struggle with their own identity, oftentimes with the consequence of denying themselves. But he is also a part of a generation of writers, artists, leaders and political actors who are working to recapture what it means to be Mapuche and reconstruct the “pueblo,” including its history, language, politics and culture. This generation has not only witnessed the extreme repression of Mapuche culture and identity, but also the emergence of an indigenous movement that swept across Latin America in the early 1990s. The 1992 celebrations of the discovery of the Americas 500 years earlier brought with it an international countercampaign, led by indigenous peoples, in order to demonstrate that there was little to celebrate about that “discovery” for many indigenous peoples. Those events marked a turning point in the way indigenous peoples made their demands known. They were no longer fighting because of social inequalities, but rather their struggles became specifically linked to their identity as indigenous peoples. In Chile, the dictatorship had just given way to democracy and new social demands were beginning to emerge, among them demands that were related to being indigenous. Aniñir Guilitraro was in his 20s when these events were unfolding and when the indigenous movement, including the Mapuche movement, really gained strength. All of these events—both the history and the contemporary understanding of what it means to be Mapuche—infiltrate Aniñir Guilitraro’s writing. His most well known work, “Mapurbe,” is a collection of

poems that he self-published in 2005 and was published by the company Pehuén four years later. The title itself, through its combination of the word “Mapuche,” which means “people of the land,” and the Spanish word “urbe,” which refers to “an urban setting,” illustrates the complex questions of identity and history that Aniñir Guilitraro explores in his writing. The style, words and ideas that appear in his poetry are from a mix of languages, places and cultures. Aniñir Guilitraro’s writing is also inventive, exploring new words, styles and even formats—rock, theater, dance—to present his work. It conveys a constant back-and-forth between Mapuche and, well, everything else. His poetry takes what is “huinca,” that is, “non-Mapuche,” and makes it Mapuche. It conveys a culture that is constantly changing and confronting more dominant cultures, but that always remains distinctly Mapuche. ILC

For those interested in reading Aniñir Guilitraro’s work or attending a reading: Mapurbe can be purchased in bookstores around Santiago, including at the National Library near Cerro Santa Lucia. Some of his more recent work also appears online, for example on the Web site of the Mapuche organization Meli Wixan Mapu. Aniñir Guilitraro participates in events with the Fundación Victor Jara, which takes place at the Galpón Victor Jara, Huérfanos 2136, in Plaza Brasil. Events are advertised through the Fundación Victor Jara Facebook page. Upcoming events at the Galpón Victor Jara include: November 10, a concert to raise money for an event on November 26 called “Encuentro Decentralización Poética.”

Follow what is happening to the human rights in Chile: every Monday by US attorneys Ryan & Laura Seelau on www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / FAMOUS CHILEANS: POLITICS

By Ben Angel

duardo Frei was as dedicated to academics in his early years as he was to politics in his later years. As an upperclassman, he became a leader in the National Association of Catholic Students (ANEC), from which many of his future political alliances began as friendships. After serving his senior year as president of the Universidad Catolica chapter of ANEC, he graduated in 1932 with honors and a law degree. Eduardo later joined “El Movimiento,” a new Young Conservatives political youth group set up to help counter the “Frente Popular,” an ultra-leftist alliance formed between the Radicals, Socialists, and Communists. As a leader in this movement, he attended the Conservative Party convention in 1936, where he supported a more Christian approach to establishing a party platform. This eventually helped develop the Chilean Falange Party, which later became the Christian Democrats. Following the convention, Frei returned to Iquique, and after writing his first book, “Chile Desconocido” (“Unknown Chile,” a book denouncing social injustice from a Christian perspective), he accepted the Conservative Party nomination for parliament in his region. However the following year, 1937, the writer and politician moved back to Santiago where he took on several roles, including Labor Law Professor at the Universidad Catolica, and director of the publication “El Lircay.” The Cold War reached South America in the following year, when the U.S. pressured the successor government of President Gabriel Gonzalez Videla to expel all communists from his government, and render their party illegal. In this atmosphere, the First World Christian Democrat Party declared its support for the Falange Party, and Frei convened a party congress in December to strengthen its position. In 1949, shortly after his work on the “History of Chilean Political Parties” was published, he won the Senate seat representing the Atacama and Coquimbo. A year later, he was appointed to represent Chile as a delegate to the United Nations in New York, and traveled through Havana to join Salvador Allende in attending an international congress of American democracies. In the 1952 presidential elections, Frei made his first attempt to run for the Moneda Palace, but failed to make the final ballot. Senator Ibáñez del Campo, representing the anti-Communist Partida Socialista Popular and the rural-backed Partida Agrario Laborista, won

the election despite his past association with the Nacistas. In 1956, he returned to the Senate, this time representing Santiago. A year later, the Falange Nacional Party became the Christian Democrat Party, and offered to support Senator Frei’s candidacy for president in 1958. In a five-way race, he came in third, behind independent candidate and eventual winner Jorge Alessandri Rodriguez and Socialist party candidate Allende. The presidential race was more or less decided in Curico, when Socialist deputy Oscar Naranjo Jara died, and was replaced by his son, Oscar Naranjo Arias, whose win sent political tremors across Chile. In fear that the Socialists under Allende would win the election, Democratic Front candidate Julio Duran Neumann withdrew his candidacy and threw his support behind Senator Frei. In the Sept. 4 election, Frei won by a margin of 57 percent to Allende’s 39 percent of votes cast (a total of 2.5 million out of a national population of 8.4 million). Frei’s term as president is generally regarded as one marked by great progress. His government promoted the advancement of neighborhood associations, boosted education and child care, created new youth centers, built 130,000 homes and 56 hospitals and 3,000 new schools, created a paved Panamerican Highway from Arica to Puerto Montt, began construction of the Santiago Metro and Pudahuel Airport, nationalized the electrical company and much of the country’s telecommunications system (creating ENTEL), reformed agriculture, started TVN as a government television channel, began nationalization of the copper industry (owned previously by foreign investors such as the Rockefeller and Rothschild families), and opened relations with the Soviet Union and its allies. Then came Sept. 11, 1973, the day in which Gen. Augusto Pinochet carried out a coup d’etat that deposed not only Allende, but also all of the elected branches of the Chilean government. Initially, Frei, along with other former presidents, issued statements in support of the coup. In an Oct. 10 interview with the U.S. television network ABC, he said that “the military saved Chile.” A letter on Nov. 8 addressed to Mariano Rumor of the Christian Democrats in Italy further expressed support for the new military government. However, by 1975, Frei expressed equally strong support of a return to democracy in Chile. As a result, the military government began to censor him in the domestic media. He continued to represent Chile in international meetings and forums, often using the meetings

to criticize the slow pace at which Pinochet was taking in establishing a Constitution and relinquishing the rule of the military in favor of a rule of law. Despite his failure to defeat the constitutional plebiscite, Frei emerged from the vote as the main opponent of the Pinochet government. Although he was courageous in the support of what he thought was right, ultimately his activities may have taken a toll on his health. After returning to Chile from a conference in Rome, his immune system collapsed and he died on Jan. 22, 1982. An autopsy was performed without first obtaining the consent of the family, and the official report was that he died from an overgrowth of the gut flora candida albicans, likely stimulated during a surgery or in some other hospital treatment. Many years later the report was challenged, on suspicion that the infection was caused by a biological agent introduced by an unknown member of the National Intelligence Directorate (DINA). The assertion has yet to be proven in a court of law, and the actual cause of death of Frei remains controversial. What isn’t controversial is his mark on Chile’s history as a patriot. Certainly, politicians almost never generate unanimous approval while they are serving. But those that serve well in a democracy almost always seem to find that history is kinder to them than their peers. Upon his death, there was a genuine outpouring of grief from the people of Chile, and the suggestion of his being murdered generated real anger. This is as clear an indication of the quality of leader that he was as history can bestow. ILC

Read more about Eduardo Frei Montalva at www.ilovechile.cl

FAMOUS CHILEANS: ECONOMICS / OCTOBER 2011 PHOTO: latintrade.com

José Insulza

Andrés Velasco

PHOTO: Marcello Casal JR/Bar

He has lived up to the nickname he acquired during his ministerial tenure back in Chile—“El Pánzer,” after the famous German tank from World War II—for his argumentative thrust and ability to take political heat with little apparent damage. By Alexis Psarras José Miguel Insulza Salinas is a Chilean politician, statesman, academic and current Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS). As only the second Chilean to hold this office since the Organization’s modern incarnation in 1948, Insulza is tasked with overseeing the strengthening of collaboration and peace between its 35 constituent member-nations. The OAS is the principal political, social and juridical governmental forum in the hemisphere. A lawyer by profession, Insulza has a law degree from the Universidad de Chile, and two postgraduate degrees, including one from the University of Michigan. Until 1973, he was professor of political theory and science at the county’s two most prestigious universities, the Universidad de Chile and the Universidad Católica. Intrigued by politics from an early age, Insulza was extremely active in the student movement of the 1960s, serving as vice president of the Student Association of the Universidad de Chile (FECH), and president of the Chilean National Union of Students of University Federations of Chile (UFUCH). In the early 1970s, Insulza played an active role in Salvador Allende’s Popular Unity government, working as political advisor to the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs. While undertaking responsibilities for this post in September 1973, Insulza was outside the country when the military coup took place. The new military authorities subsequently banned him from re-entering the country and he was forced into exile for the next 15 years, when he lived first in Rome (1974-1980) and then in Mexico (19811988) where he held a number of research and academic responsibilities. Insulza was able to return to Chile in early 1988, joining

the Coalition of Parties for Democracy, the coalition that won the plebiscite against the Pinochet regime in October of that year. A member of the Socialist Party, he has held numerous high-level posts in several Coalition governments since the return of democracy in 1990, including Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Eduardo Frei government, and Minister for the Interior and Vice President during the premiership of Ricardo Lagos. Insulza served as a state Minister for 10 consecutive years from 1994, a national record. Insulza was elected Secretary General of the OAS on May 2, 2005 for a five year term, pledging to strengthen the Organisation’s political relevance and its capacity for action. In doing so, he has lived up to the nickname he acquired during his ministerial tenure back in Chile -“El Pánzer,” after the famous German tank from World War II- for his argumentative thrust and ability to take political heat with little apparent damage. This thrust was evident in Insulza’s dealings with the more boisterous of Latin American leaders during his first term in office: his 2007 spat with Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez is one of his most famous moments, with Chávez labeling him a “pendejo” (a Spanish profanity best translated as “jerk” or “tosser”). Chavez later conceded that he had overstepped the mark. Insulza toyed with the idea of standing in the 2009 Chilean presidential election only to step out of the race in January 2009 to complete his OAS mandate. Subsequently, in March 2010, he was re-elected as OAS chief for his second consecutive five-year term. He was born on June 2, 1943, and is married to Mexican Georgina Nuñez Reyes. They have three children: Francisca, Javier and Daniel. ILC

As for whether he’ll run in 2013, he recently told Chile’s Televisión Nacional how his decision will depend on whether or not Michelle Bachelet decides to stand again for the post she left “Anticuchos” is a popular food served during Las eighteen months ago.

Fiestas Patrias.

By Alexis Psarras Andrés Velasco Brañes is a Chilean economist, former politician and current adjunct professor of public policy for the Center of International Development at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. He served as President Bachelet’s Minister of Finance for her entire four-year term from 2006 to 2010. Born in Santiago on August 30, 1960, Velasco spent the first 16 years of his life living in Chile’s capital city. Following the exile of his father, the former radical politician Eugenio Velasco in 1977, he moved with his family to the United States, living first in Los Angeles and then in Boston. He holds a PhD in Economics from Columbia University, and two degrees from Yale University. From 1994 to 1995, he was a postdoctoral fellow in political economy at Harvard and MIT. He has published widely in the areas of international and development economics and, according to Harvard, his most recent research relates to the causes of financial crises in emerging markets. He has even turned his hand to fiction, writing the novel, “Lugares Comunes” in 2003. Velasco is a well-respected economic academic and has a wealth of experience in the finance and economic fields. He served as chief of staff to Chile’s Ministry of Finance from 1990 to 1992, then as its director of international finance. He has been an economic advisor to the governments of Mexico,

Join Jimmy Jam for some reggae music every Saturday 2pm on www.ilovechile.cl/radio

Ecuador and El Salvador, as well as to the Central Bank of Chile, and has held consultant status to the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the Inter-American Development Bank, among others. However, not all his jobs have been so prestigious. Velasco, like many teenagers, worked as a dish washer, dog walker and library assistant before becoming an internationally respected academic. During his tenure as President Bachelet’s Minister of Finance, he gained many plaudits as well as numerous public awards and recognitions, and has twice won Latin American Finance “Minister of the Year” from Emerging Markets (a World Bank/IMF publication) and América Economía magazine. He is credited as being one of the driving forces behind Chile gaining membership to the OECD in early 2010. Velasco strongly considered running for President in 2009, but ultimately decided the time was not quite right. As for whether he’ll run in 2013, he recently told Chile’s Televisión Nacional how his decision will depend on whether or not Michelle Bachelet decides to stand again for the post she left eighteen months ago. While claiming the desire to stand as an independent candidate, he regards Bachelet and himself as sharing the same beliefs and values, and therefore believes that in light of her possible 2013 candidacy that “without doubt, she has priority.” He is married to the well-known Chilean journalist Consuelo Saavedra Flores and they have three children. ILC

OCTOBER 2011 / FAMOUS CHILEANS: SCIENCE

Pablo ValEnzuela Valdes:

bringing together science and business By Ben Angel

n January 10, 2011, a group of 100 of Chile’s best high school students, most wearing light blue coats with the emblem of the “Chile VA!” conference they were attending, sat in a lecture hall at the prestigious lyceum Internado Nacional Barros Arana in Santiago’s Barrio Yungay. In front of them, an energetic gray-haired man in glasses, his arms gesturing wildly at times, spoke about his life in science, his studies in biology and, of course, ways to earn the National Science Award. Pablo Valenzuela Valdes gave the first lecture at the January conference, hosted by the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT or National Commission for the Investigation of Science and Technology), and the Consejo Nacional de Innovación para la Competitividad (CNIC or National Council on Innovation for Competitiveness). The hosts could scarcely have chosen a more visibly enthusiastic person to introduce the real world of science and technology to what is hoped to be the future leading scientists of Chile. Born June 13, 1941, as the son of a Santiago architect, Valenzuela was enrolled in the Liceo Alemana, then located at the present site of the intersection of La Moneda and the Carretara Panamericana. As a result, his second language became German. However, he found biological sciences to be his most interesting subject. “In the beginning as a child, I was rather fascinated by the natural sciences,” said Valenzuela. “I was very interested in systematic botany, which is the classification of plants.” This fascination led, by the time he went to school at the Universidad de Santiago, to an interest in molecular biology, strengthened in large part by his studies under Professor Osvaldo Cori, who founded the biochemistry department in the university’s School of Chemistry and Pharmacy. “This study was unique in Chile, as it was the first program to dare to offer a totally non-professional career, one in which everyone was wondering what will these people do who graduated from it? I think it was this education, received from several generations of instructors that included National Natural Sciences Award recipient (Valparaiso biologist) Ramon Latorre, that inspired us to conduct our scientific research.” At age 26, Valenzuela, at the time an assistant with the School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, received a Fulbright Scholarship, a program that engages the brightest U.S. students to study in other countries, and the brightest students of other countries to study in the U.S. The Chilean molecular biologist went to study at Northwestern University, where he struggled with both his studies in the chemistry doctorate program and with learning English (he had learned only German in high school). Eight months after his arrival in Illinois, Valenzuela met Bernadette Mendez, who was studying cell biology in the U.S. The two later married and raised five children together. Meanwhile, Valenzuela remained at Northwestern, getting his Ph.D. in 1970, the same year that Salvador Allende won the Chilean presidency. Perhaps in fear that such a radical shift to the left by the Chilean government would result in military intervention, as many had apparently feared, the molecular biologist decided at that point to continue his

“Rather I am a person who has a business, who works in a foundation, who has done research in the private sector. My case is a mixture between universities and entrepreneurs, and it is something that comes from this new era where knowledge and science impact the economy and the productive work in this country. research at the San Francisco campus of the University of California, obtaining tenure shortly after as a professor in the department of biochemistry and biophysics under Chair William J. Rutter. Over the following decade, Professor Valenzuela worked closely with and became friends with Rutter and fellow professor Edward Penhoët. By 1981, the three UC professors formed a private company called the Chiron Corporation. The Chilean professor, who maintained close contacts with friends back in Santiago, elected to serve as vice president of development and research for the organization, a role that put him at the forefront of the company’s efforts to develop new medicines for previously incurable ailments and brought in a small number of Chilean scientists into the struggle to find these cures. In 1986, two years after he helped found the Chilean Foundation for Cellular Biology, Dr. Valenzuela’s first great success was the successful testing and approval of a vaccine against Hepatitis B, developed through the use of molecular genetics. This advance, touted by Business Week magazine as one of the three most significant products of technology that year, proved to be a great victory for the Chilean science community; Valenzuela had shown the world that Chile had the potential to become a world center for genetic research. In that same year, he formed Bios

Chile, the country’s first biotechnology firm. However, very quickly, he found that although Chilean scientists are world-class in quality, there simply aren’t enough of them. After winning the 2002 National Applied Sciences Award, he said in an interview with Universidad Andres Bello writer Catalina Ayerdi Delmon, as published by the Science Electronic Library Online, “A country where there are a thousand science and technology research firms will do more than one that has only ten. Because of this, the chances of developing products and patents involving advanced technologies are hundreds times greater in such countries. This is where we fail. We are almost irrelevant, compared to countries where science plays an important role in the development of production.” Still, he never gave up on Chile’s potential. In addition to providing Chilean scientists employment at Bios Chile, he also helped found the Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, an organization dedicated to promoting the application of science in the private sector within his homeland. In addition to founding two other biotech firms (Austral Biologicals and Andes Biotechnologies), he also serves as director of the Millennium Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology. He taught occasionally at Andres Bello and the Universidad Catolica and occasionally speaks at engagements such as “Chile VA!” in order to attract the best young minds into what he feels is a field that could greatly impact the country’s future. “I am not a typical university professor for whom the support of a university is very important,” said Valenzuela, summarizing who he is in his 2002 interview with Ayerdi Delmon. “Rather I am a person who has a business, who works in a foundation, who has done research in the private sector. My case is a mixture between universities and entrepreneurs, and it is something that comes from this new era where knowledge and science impact the economy and the productive work in this country.” ILC Photos courtesy of Fundación Ciencia para la Vida

Join Steve to find out what is ‘hot’ in Chile right now, every Wednesday 6pm on www.ilovechile.cl/radio

FAMOUS CHILEANS: ART / OCTOBER 2011

CuboToy By Bárbara Hermosilla Translated by: Luis Rodrigo Paz Villa

ngello Garcia Bassi is always trying out new things. He studied graphic design at the Universidad de Antofagasta, although he comes from Caldera, a small town in the north of Chile. While his work in the design world started as a hobby, he is now focused on aiming high with his CuboToy Company, a developing concept for creative work on paper. While he only studied a year of architecture, he has always been attached to the area and is currently working as a special assistant to the famous Federico Sánchez, a man who walks around Chile describing the architecture of our country on Canal 13 cable TV signal. As another side project, Garcia teaches motion graphics at the Universidad de Diego Portales and applied illustration in the Universidad de Las Américas. While working as a designer in an agency of Antofagasta, Garcia became involved with origami, the Chinese art of creating paper figures and, inadvertently, discovered “ArtToy” an important artistic movement that inspired him to work in other areas. He is fascinated by paper: “It is more sincere, noble, because it is made with your hands,” said Garcia. He has a romantic vision of this old material, which happens to be rich in texture and very

He is fascinated by paper: “It is more sincere, noble, because it is made with your hands,” said Garcia.

affordable: “I found incredible the new value that a designer can assign to a toy, providing excellence in its graphical use,” he said. Consequently, he created the CuboToy brand in 2008 from the paper made figures he had created. “My first character was E-Mouth,” he said. “That character was based on a pack of cigarettes.” E-Mouth was not created because of his he love for toys, but rather for its manufacture, design and noble material. After experimenting and being immersed in this hobby, he started enhancing his work little by little, but with no great expectations. He continued working in Antofagasta and began to upload his work on the Internet with no publicity of any kind, but his “characters,” as he likes to call them, began to attract attention. Everything started with a project proposed by Zoo Concept to clothe his toys with their brand. “They liked the project, subsequently, I showed them my work, we set it up and then they sent it out. That is the starting point,” he said. Garcia had no problem differentiating his products. “My characters have an extra complexity because the design is all done with cube forms,” he said. “Therefore, you can see more volume and shape in them.” Nonetheless, he mentions several Latin American authors as an inspiration for his designs and personal taste

The Session with Mike Hee, underground club music, every Thursday 10pm on www.ilovechile.cl/radio

OCTOBER 2011 / FAMOUS CHILEANS: ART

such as Liniers and the Chilean Pablo López. Above all, he admires Michael Lau’s creative mind that led him to work with Nike in 2009. “He sets structures with applied graphics in worlds you could never imagine,” said Garcia. The innovative work of CuboToy has evolved slowly from its inception, something that makes him extremely proud, because everything is a perfect blend of creativity, new offers and a marketing plan that has introduced him to both national and international fame in the world of arts. Now, at age 26, he is known for appearing in a variety of books and on international design Web sites where his craft and subtle creative work on paper is highlighted.

He has spontaneously held exhibits in Madrid and the United States by sending emails with his characters to be mounted in the galleries without ever leaving Chile. But he wants to change this by following his work as it is exhibited around the world. He also has plans to further develop his brand. “I want to develop my characters in another material, something more industrial, to create books and, of course, to fulfill the projects I have in mind,” said Garcia. One thing is for sure: we can expect a lot more from this very busy designer/ teacher/artist/entrepreneur. “I have a bunch of ideas that are not totally chewed over yet,” he said. ILC www.ilovechile.cl/radio

FAMOUS CHILEANS: ART / OCTOBER 2011

The Legacy of Ramona Parra: Painted in Stone By Titus Levy

lthough Valparaiso gets most of the attention, Santiago is also a great graffiti city with walls dripping with bright colors and strange, swirling images. You’ve probably passed by many of these public art pieces, pausing for a moment to take in their beauty and eccentricity and continued you on your way without giving them too much thought. What you may not have realized is that behind some of those lines etched on the wall is a history and a purpose deeply ingrained in the very anatomy of Santiago. In 1946, disgruntled workers took to the city streets to protest rising food prices and the intractable government of Alfredo Duhalde. They congregated at Plaza Bulnes and soon ran up against the police. After a brief confrontation, the police fired into the crowd, killing several people and injuring dozens more. One of the protesters who received a fatal bullet was a young woman—a member of the Communist Party—named Ramona Parra. She had started cursing out the brutality of the police force when a bullet struck her in the head. She died shortly after outside the Central Post Office. After her death, Parra became a martyr, her story told as proof of intolerance and repression and her image recognized as a source of inspiration for those fighting against social injustice. In the 1960s a group of artists paid homage to the fallen activist, forming Brigada Ramona Parr. The group was made up of a collection of muralists who, like the young radical, took to the streets (or more specifically, the walls) to protest oppression and inequality. Their work first began to capture national attention during the campaign of Salvador Allende. The muralists worked in secret, decorating walls not just in Santiago, but all over the country, with propaganda and pro-Allende sentiments. When Allende was elected in 1970, the Brigada gained a measure

Follow feature column ‘My Two Cents’, opinions about Chile every week on www.ilovechile.cl

of national prominence and continued painting their murals all over Chile. But with the rise of the military dictatorship in 1973, the group retreated back to the margins, once again employing guerillastyle graffiti warfare to protest the evergrowing tally of atrocities committed by Pinochet’s repressive regime. For many of their murals, the artists (made up of high school and university students, as well as workers) adopted a simple, but provocative style. They appropriated a specific iconography; a roster of images such as the fist, the spike, the worker, the dove and the star, combined with subversive slogans that publicized the social and economic exploitation running rampant throughout the country. Another characteristic of the group’s work was their strategic choice of location. For the sites of their social justiceoriented art projects, the Brigada has typically chosen communities lying on the margins of society, fringe areas that have felt the sharp pangs of repression and inequality most acutely. They have also chosen places of symbolic significance in order to magnify the scale and impact of their artistic vision. Although the Brigada began as an essentially amateur art project, over the years many famous Chilean artists such as Roberto Matta have lent their talents to the group’s work. Over time, the group’s influence has spread, extending beyond the borders of the country and onto the walls of cities and museums all over the world. Today, the Brigada Ramona Parra remains active. Their work can be found illuminating the walls of neighborhoods all over Santiago, from Bellavista to La Cisterna; a lasting testament to the power of artistic expression to offer solace and articulate dissent in times of a country’s darkest hour. ILC

JOSE

EA RR CO

EA RR

EI RO

ETA

AV. RE CO L

EL NU

JA N DE

RÍ O

EI RO

RO NA TO

JA N

RIS

UÑ

RIGU

GAR TO L A E.PIN

EZ UÑ

RIS

E RIGU GAR

TO L A

.UU

E.PIN

. .UU EE

RIA

TAR

LAS

RÍ O

LORP EATTO ETO

LOR

RIA

TAR

LAS

BAR

E LA

J.M.D

ON AT O PA TR

CA LIC HE O AN NZ MA

RA J.M.D

E LA

BAR

MOS TO

QUE MOS

RÍO

DE O AN NZ MA

S DE RE

OF ER

QUE

NTT P.MO NTT

P.MO

RÍO

CA LIC HE

O RER NEGN IFG O IF

A I

OF ER

BO MB

IFO

NV A. RE NG

ILL

EIR

AR R RI R

IZIZA

IIRR

EZ JUA R

AR R RI R

IZIZA

IIRR

IFO

AS ILL AR

ND GA

JAN

A FAF RAINR AIN

AV. RE CO LET A

CO MO RER NS ER NEGN RA IFG T O IF

EZ JUA R

PAZ AV. LA

NV A. RE NG

FAF RAINR AIN

TO L A

RA TIL RA TIL

SAN

JOSE

MO NS ER RA T

E RIGU GA R

SAN

RIGU

GA R

TO L A E. PIN

A IM RIS

E. PIN

EIR

IM A RIS

PU PU

EE .UU EE .UU

EGO

OBISPO H. SALAS

UA Y

SN.

NEIGHBORHOOD Barrio Brasil (A3): This neighborhood’s lavish 19th century mansions from Santiago’s Golden Age have been transformed over the last 20 years into some of Santiago’s hippest bars, clubs hostels and restaurants.

AV. SALVADO R

VIÑA AN CONCHA Y TOROO MAIPO VALLEY

M.L. SANT ANDER

AV. COND EL

EGO

JAN

ER ON UÑ E

BO MB

RIA

TAR

LAS

RIA TAR

LAS

SAN DI

A LA CISTER N

BO MB

ETO

LOR

BAR RA RA

BAR

L RO NUE AV. M A UEZ DRIG L RO AV. M A

NUE

RIQ ME UEL RIQ

GRAL.

UEL ME

SIL AV. B RA O BAQU

EDAN

RANA

MATU

ER ON UÑ EZ

MOS QUE TO

J.M.D E LA

UET O

MOS Q

E LA

J.M.D

UEZ DRIG

SIL AV. B RA

GRAL.

MING CUM

ASIL AV. B R

ASIL

AV. SALVADO R

BA 16 QU ED

O. DONO

LA CISTER N

NES

LLA

AV. COND EL

NORTE

AV. B R

NA URA

A M

DE NTE PO PUE ZOBIS AR

MAT

SIA RTEN

PJE. HO SIA RTEN

PJE. HO

BAQU

MATU

EDAN

RANA

RDO

AV. RI CA

URA

BULN

MAT

YES

CUETO

ÍA RE GARC

DE NTE PO PUE ZOBIS NTECARMELO AR MO NES LLA GA MA

ARZU

ERO ANT

OBISPO H. SALAS

N AB

AVISTA

BELL

O. DONO

BA 16 QU ED BELLAVISTA AN NEIGHBORHOOD O

MACKENNA

SAN DI

CAU TIN

IN CAUT

CAU TIN

MING CUM

RDO

CHINO

AV . RICA CAUT

CAPU S CHINO

BULN ES

CAPU

YES

CUETO

ÍA RE

GARC

RTA D

LIBE

ARMELO MONTEC

RTA D

LIAS

E. MERELLO

LIBE

LIAS

E. MERELLO

ARZU

N AB

NOSO

ELLA

SALV. DO

NORTE

MARCOLETA

PA R

ANTONIA LOPEZ DE BELLO

COSTANERA AUTOPISTA

AV. VICUÑA

AUCANO

R AR MONITO

RVALAN

LIRA

AV. STA. ROS

LIC

TERO

MAN

CAP

G. Hostal LASTARRIA P RA P.L. AProvidencia NEIGHBORHOOD IA GUA Y VALDIV

CA TÓ

IGNAC

ENC

MARCOLETA

NERUDA

MUSEUM LLAVIS BELLAVISTA BE E MANZUR CR NEIGHBORHOOD HU

DARD

NOSO

A VIC

MA L L I N K R O D T

VILL

CION

LIC

ANTONIA LOPEZ DE BELLO

MACKENNA

MAVI & SAM MUSEUMS

CA TÓ

CLÍN HOS ICO PITA U. C L ATÓ LIC

IGNAC

CONSTITU

MERCED

DARD

CANO

R ARAU

MONITO

ELLA

AV I

ZOO

NERUDA MUSEUM E MANZUR

U CH

SALV. DO

AV .S AN

LASTARRIA NEIGHBORHOOD

BEL LO

CAP

MA L L I N K R O D T

MA RIA ANT ONIA LOP EZ D E

NT A

CLÍN HRO O SAL ICO SPITA U. C L ATÓ LIC

DIA

RAMON CO

INI

PARIS - LONDRES

SA 20 LU NTA CIA

ILO

ST A MAVI & SAM MUSEUMS TA MA L SA RO RIA 17 BELLAS ARTES MUSEUM VILLA PAR VICEN FOR QUE CIO EST AL

DIA

LORETO

BEL LO

AV. VICUÑA

TENDER

OLETA

AV .S A

ST A

RVALAN

NTON

SAN LUC TA HILLIA

AV I

MOHostal NJIT P.L. Providencia AS IA VALDIV

UBERCA SLEIRAA UX

IVER

TA F

NJIT AS MAC MUSEUM MERCED

MARC

SAN

BELLAS ARTES MUSEUM PA FOR RQUE EST AL

V. S

SA 20TA LU LU NTSAAN CIA

RAMON CO

SAN LUC TA HILLIA

PIO N ONO

ZOO

FILO

CION

AL NT

LORES

MIRAF

MAC

OLETA

BELLAS IA ARTES UC SA

MARC

CONSTITU

UBERCA SEA UX

MERCE

MAC

El Toro MUSEUM

V. S

LORES

IVER

BELLAS DA La Signoria RD ARTES IGNAC O

LORETO

ANT ONIA LOP EZ D E

PIO N ONO

MIRAF

MAC

MONJITA

l Ekdh

Bike Ren Call our

ICA

HUE

ISAS

VA . SIL

MIN

MONJITA

FIS

EUCA

FCO

T. TUBI NO

Bike Ren Call our

ON LE

OS S AANT IRE A S

PATRONATO Genera

T. TUBI NO

ON LE

Night Tour

MAVI ELCIRA LEMUS MUSEUM

LAS BR

A INIC

M VA . SIL

TO R

HUE

E MONSTADIO TSE RRA

M DO

DIG

PJE. LEMUS

El Toro

DA La Signoria R

A PATRONATO Genera

LID

AIR

AV. ARZ. BRISAS

J. A. RI

AAMM AA

LAS

MA O RIA LT G

AV. PE RU

EUCA

Afternoon Tou

FCO

CERRO Ky BLANCO BU EN

PP. . LL

MAVI ELCIRA LEMUS MUSEUM

AV. PE RU

LIV IV OOS

I. M U DE RNICIPA ECO LIDA LET D CLÍN A ICA

A SAN A

CISC O

PARIS

AV. STA. ROS

FIS

NTON

. FR AN

LONDRES

SERRANO

ISCO

FRA NC

INI

OOL

LIN

DOMING

PARIS - LONDRES NEIGHBORHOOD

SAN A

PARIS MON ED

SANTO

TENDER

NTON

CISC

TO R

E MONSTADIO TSE RRA

Morning Tour Night Tour

SAN A

. FR AN

R. NIE

TARAPA

22 AGUSTINAS

UNIV D . CHILE E

OVALLE

NCIS C

ALONSO

FANO

FRA

ARTURO PRAT

ZENTEN

PDTE. BUL NES NATANI EL COX

RANE

COCH

AV. EJER CITO

VERG ARA

CORTE SAN IG SUPREM NACIO A

HUÉR

SN.

LORD

SUPREM

TARAPA

CASA COLORADA MUSEUM

LONDRES

SERRANO

ARTURO PR

K OVALLE OR AY CULTURAL EV NU PALACIO DECENTER LA MONED A

USIÑO

UNIV D . CHILE E

TADO

BOMB ER OSSA O

M. CO

V. LETE ALON SO LIER

ADA

PA LA M LACIO ONED A

ZENTEN

PDTE. BUL NES NATANI EL COX

CORTE

AMUNAT EGUI

RANE

COCH

NACIO

ARA

VERG

CHO

DIECIO

AV. EJER CITO

SAN IG

HUM

ERA

LORD

NTON

MAYO

PASE OA

BAND

EGOS

l Ekdh

21 DE

ENTE

USIÑO

LIER

NDE

CHO

MORA

DIECIO

AMUNAT EGUI

AS PLAZA R. NIE TO DE ARMAS

LID

RALD

SAN A

MAYO

O PU

PASE

STIN

PRE-COLUMBIAN ART K MON MUSEUM OR EDA AY CULTURAL EV NU PALACIO DECENTER LA MONED A AGUST INAS

V. LETE

S IS MA TE EL AN VE RV RG CE ESMERA CASA COLORADA AR L LDA A NA MUSEUM O AG DI MERCE D HUÉR SANTO FAN DOMING NATIONALOS O MUSEUM

AGU

BLANCO

21 DE

ENTE

P. L

MA 8 PO C

S IS M

VA ER ESME

A ON

TADO

M. CO

PA LA M LACIO ONED A

ADA

ERA

LME

BOMB ER OSSA O

HUM

PASE OA

BAND

(SANTIAGO CENTRO)

PASE O PU

ORAND E

CATEDR AL

E NT

PRE-COLUMBIAN ART MUSEUM

TEATIN

INAS

SALA

BAND ERA

7LOPEZ

LIN

J. A. RI

PUENTE 4 CAL Y CANTO PLAZA DE ARMAS

LIV IV OOS

LÍNIC

PUENTE E BELL CAL Y CANTO O

NATIONAL 7 MUSEUM

OOL

OR TE

BLO

DOMIN

AGUST

PALA LA MO CIO NEDA

CATEDR AL SAN PA

DOWNTOWN

ON SA GOMTUZZ ARTION

RIQUE

OSO

BARR

LORENZ

TEATINO

ANTE

ST AN

BAND ERA

TEATIN OS

SANTO

PALA LA MO CIO NEDA

TO N

ES M A T A C IO POC N HO

AV. ARZ.

PJE. LEMUS

MA L L I N K R O D T

DOMIN

A IC IN

MATHIEU

ION

OR TE

Afternoon Tou

MA R TO IA G AL

CE BLA RRO NCO CERRO

CLURE

CE BLA RRO NCO

Melinka

R BA 16EZ PSIQHOSPITA UIÁ L P QU TRIC . L O AM PE EDI. A DR MUN O A ICIP MO DEN A R NT EO COL LIDAD T ET C

PICARTE

MARURI

ADOLFO IBA ÑEZ

CONSTITUC

AV. VICUÑA MACKENNA

RAMO N CORVAL AN

PICARTE

MARURI

ADOLFO IBA ÑEZ

INTANA

VICTORIANO

C. DE LA Q U

MAIP

ION

Morning Tour

CEM E GEN NTEMelinka ERA RIO 11 L

U CH

TO PJE. MA C CLURE NIA LO PE ZD EB EL LO

ROSA

TEATINO S

CONSTITUC

PIO N ONO

INTANA

LA PUNTA

BLO

ROSA (SANTIAGO CENTRO) S

SANTA ANA SALA

IST A

SAN PA

DOWNTOWN

ON SA GOMTUZZ ARTION

LME

MAIP

PIO N ONO

RAMO N CORVAL AN

VICTORIANO

C. DE LA Q U

UBERCA SEA VL.ASPUNTA UX

CEM E GEN NTERI ERA O L

H BA 16 PSIQOSPITA IN MÉD STITU UIÁTR L Q ICO UICE O LETO GAL D AV. AN SA NT OS O DU

AV. VICUÑA MACKENNA

UBERCA SEA V. S UX

TO P

SANTO

LORENZ

RIQUE

MINGO

PALACIO COUSIÑO

ST AN

NERUDA MUSEUM MANZUR RE

IN MÉD STITU ICO TO LEG AL

DA VIL

ES M A T A C IO POC N HBELT O RAN

SANTA ANA

PALACIO COUSIÑO

IST A

LASTRA

ALMIR

CIENFU

EN SAZIE PL M AZA RODANUEL RIG UEZ

PABLO

INAS

ECH AUR R

ICA

AV. RE PUBL GRAJALES

PL M AZA RODANUEL RIG UEZ

ICA

SAN

ÑIA

MEDINA

HIEU

PINTO

LA ECHEV ERRIA ST RA

BELTRAN MAT

STO. DO

EGOS

JOSE T.

REN

PÚ

GRAJALES SALVADOR ALLENDE MUSEUM

RIVERA

L'IS

HO SANSPITAL JOS É

PA DARD RV.OSF.ANZAÑ IGNAC TO ART SD U UM ON T JOS É JOHOSPIT AQU AL ÍN A GUIR

MINGO

COMPA

MEDINA

AUR SAZIE

ICA

RES

É JOHOSPIT AQU AL ÍN A GUIR

PJE. MAC

ANDE

STO. DO

ÑIA

FANO

ECH

AV. RE PUBL

AYOR

R. SOTOM

GARCIA REYES

SALVADOR ALLENDE MUSEUM

ICA

PABLO

JOS

DE PR DABRD ELLIGN OF. ZAÑAR AC TU

DA VIL

NERUDA MUSEUM MANZUR E CR

Mesón ME Nerudiano N 1420 25 A

ILO

ERRIA

U. CATÓLICA

TO P

ROSA

COMPA

HUER

JOSE T.

AYOR

PÚ

SAN

CIENFU

GARCIA REYES

NZA

R. SOTOM

ESPERA

ROSA

AGUST

PINTO

Lastarria Apartments

PRESIDENTE

INAS

PLA BRA ZA SIL

PRESIDENTE

LDIVIA

NT AF

ECHEV

ENC

BRASIL LOS HUERFANO S NEIGHBORHOOD HER

RT E

AGUST

CONCHA Y TORO SQUARE

MONEDA

MIRA FLO

A VIC

O BA RDES

CUMMING

FANO

VILL

OCHO

CATEDR AL

U. CATÓLICA

ANDE

MAP

PLA BRA ZA SIL

MUSEUMS Café Tampu Kind of Blue RIVERA Abarzua

LASTRA

CISC

TRAC

CATEDR AL

ROSAL

P.L.VA

COIA

ALMIR ORT ANTE BA UZAR RRO SO

NZA

HUER

RES

UZAR

ESPERA

MONEDA

MIRA FLO

BRASIL NEIGHBORHOOD

ÑIA

ILLO

FRAN

CONCHA Y TORO SQUARE

COMPA

SAZIE

AN TO NIA LO PE Z

9 8 & SAM 5 MAVI

ORT

MAC IVER

FANO

VIÑA DEL MAR AG VALPARAÍSO USTINAS

MAC IVER

HUER

TINAS

SAN PABLO UNIVERSITY NEIGHBORHOOD

TO P

OLA

RCES

CUMMING

NIC

SA LUER NTA HILL A I AC NOI UC RTA AL E

ST AN

21 So-Fi

HO SANSPITAL JOS É RO

Peluquería Francesa

SAZIE

NTON

ÑIA

AGUS

VIÑA DEL MAR VALPARAÍSO

SAN A

COMPA

ERASMO SAN ESCALA PABLO UNIVERSITY NEIGHBORHOOD

PL YUN AZA GAY

ESCALA

YUNG

SAN

5 SAN T A L TA UCI CO SA A ST LANUER NTA HILL

ESI

TENDER INI

YUNGAY NEIGHBORHOOD

AIRPORT

NTON

SAN

INGO

O BA RD

CION

PJE. GA

PeluqueríaABLO Francesa

ERASMO

CISC

TRAC

CION TARU

UE PORTAL ES

FRAN

MAC MUSEUM MON

BELLAS ARTES

CLEN

OSA

AIRPORT PARQ

SAN A

TENDER INI

YUN AZA SANTO GAY DOM ING

QUIN TA PARQUE NPO ORTR AL MESAL

NTON

YUNGAY PLDE ROZANEIGHBORHOOD S

La Signoria LL CHiP AV IST AV .S A AN TA MA BELLAS ARTES RIA MUSEUM

PA El Toro FOR RQUE EST AL 1 La Signoria BE LL CHiP AV JIT IST AS AV .S A AN 5 TA MERCED Melinka MA BELLAS ARTES R MUSEUM 9 IA 8 & SAM 5 MAVI IA MUSEUMS Café Tampu Kind of Blue UC L PA A Abarzua ROSAL FOR RQUE NT EST SA VILL AL A VIC ENC MO IO 5 NJIT Casa 4 AS IA Abarzua SAN MosquetoP.L.12VALDIV 5 T Lastarria LUC A Melinka MERCED 6 Apartments IA

OLA

CAST

ILLO

AC 21

NIC

AV ENTARU .P R MAPES OCID HO EN T

TILL

ANDE

CAST

EDA

INEZ

SAN A

DOM

21 D

YUNG

SAN

RCES

ROS

SANTO

STIN

MON

OCHO

QUIN NORMTA AL R

AGU

U.DE CHILE

CAS

PABLO MAP

MART

R. NIE

MAC MUSEUM

Goethe Institut 10 Casa 4 12 Abarzua Mosqueto

TO P

MERC

FANO

AV .P R

PJE. GA

SAN

ARRA TE

E MA YO

PUEN

USIÑO

ANDE K S OR AY CULTURAL EV CENTER MART PA NU INEZ LACIO DE DE RO LA MONEDA ZAS

ESTA DO

OCHO

HUÉR

EDA

M. CO

UERO

ADA

ARQ

AHUM

MON

PASE O

Brown

MAP

ESTA DO

TILL

PALA LA MO CIO NEDA

M. C O USIÑ

CAS

ARRA TE

DE BE LL

El Toro

BELLAS ARTES

CASA COLORADA MUSEUM

R. NIE

U.DE CHILE

ERA

O GOTU ZZO

UERO

PLAZA AGU STIN AS DE ARMAS

ADA

BAND

ARQ

AHUM

MORA NDE

LORENZ

O AG DI COLORADA CASA MUSEUM SANTO DOMIN NATIONAL GO MER MUSEUM Casa CED HUÉR FANO Abarzua S MONJIT AS

PRE-COLUMBIAN ART MUSEUM

K AGUS OR TINAS AY CULT URAL EV NU PALACIO DECENTER LA MONEDA

BAND ERA

LORENZ EGUI

PALA LA MO CIO NEDA

PASE O

3 2

O GOTU ZZO

AMUNAT

CATED PRE-COLUMBIAN ART RAL MUSEUM

TINAS

SALABrown S

PASE O

EGUI

SANTO

DOMIN GO MA Casa PO S Abarzua E ISM CH T N MONJITAEL A O AS VE RV E RI R E SMER GA VE C A L L RA DA R NA

NATIONAL MUSEUM

PLAZA DE ARMAS

DOMIN

MORA NDE

AMUNAT

TEATIN OS

BAND ERA

SANTO

NTON

RAL

Goethe Institut

Mesón ME Nerudiano NA 1420

ILO

CATED

AGUS

OC ES ISM AE HO NT LV VA ER RI ER ESM G VE C ERAL AR L DA R A A N SAN A

Downtown

SALA

21 DE MAYO

UENT

DOMIN

PASE OP

TEATIN OS

SANTO

BAND ERA

Downtown

NT AF

AN TO NIA LO PE Z

L'IS

21 So-Fi

LOR ETO

B MA

Santiago’s most progressive neigh MAIPO VALLEYcenter of Santiag government M.L. SANT ANDER

VIÑA CONCHA Y TORO

Bellavista (C3-D3): This is party c at 11 pm and ends at 11 am. Live restaurants of all cuisines and casu to progressive experience C best place Santiago’s most neigh government of Santiag Manuel Montt center (D3-4): Fun bars wi newest hostel hotspotThis make this ac Bellavista (C3-D3): is party tourist area. at 11 pm and ends at 11 am. Live restaurants of all cuisines and casu C best to experience Orregoplace Luco (E3): On the west sid area is hopping after 6 pm when Manuel Montt (D3-4): Fun bars wia the besthostel drink specials town.this Also newest hotspot in make a of varying cuisines and boutique ho tourist area.

Neighbo Neighbo

Downtown Santiago (B3): The center of Santiago since 1541 is still theBrasil heart of the This city’sneighborhood’s history with Plaza Armas, the Barrio (A3): lavishde19th century Presidential Palace, many Golden museums striking architecture mansions from Santiago’s Ageand have been transformed spanning the20 lastyears four into centuries. great placehippest during bars, the day as over the last some ofA Santiago’s clubs most everything closes by the evening. hostels and restaurants. Lastarria Bellas Artes (C3): Santiago’s center of1541 urban Downtown/ Santiago (B3): The center of Santiago since is gentrification this bohemian neighborhood, new cafes, still the heartand of art. the Incity’s history with Plaza de Armas, the boutique shops, galleries and quirky restaurants pop-up every Presidential Palace, many museums and striking architecture day. The best place a mid-afternoon window shop, spanning the last fourfor centuries. A great place during the coffee, day as homemade ice-cream or the evening cocktail and snack. By far most everything closes by evening. Lastarria / Bellas Artes (C3): Santiago’s center of urban gentrification and art. In this bohemian neighborhood, new cafes, boutique shops, galleries and quirky restaurants pop-up every day. The best place for a mid-afternoon window shop, coffee, homemade ice-cream or evening cocktail and snack. By far

Orrego Luco (E3): On the west sid area is hopping after 6 pm when a the best drink specials in town. Also of varying cuisines and boutique ho

NO RT E CO ST AN ER A AU TO PI ST A

EN AR IO

NO RT E

ICE NT

CO ST AN ER A IS TA

PAR QU EB

AU TO P

ICE NT EN AR IO STA NE RA

PAR AV. Q NUU EVE A CB O ST OL

STO

LA PA

ERRAZURIZ

ESTA NDAR TES

AND

ES MI CUE LIT LA AR

NAVARRA

SPUCIO

ICO VE

AV. PRESIDENTE

ERRAZURIZ

SPUCIO

ICO VE

AV. CRISTOBAL COLO N

SORIA

ER AV. AM

NAVARRA

AV. CRISTOBAL COLON

COM

ALPA TAC AL

STO

LA PA

CIT A

TIA N

NJ AM

AV .V

ITA C

TO RC AZ AS CA ZA S TO R

UIA

AV. PRESIDENTE

NEZ

OV A

UIA

EN RM

Z LU

ST OL

CIT A

TIA N

NJ AM

AV .V

OR TE

ST AN

ALPA TAC AL

Z LU

A UR ITA C

IST A TO P AU CO

IST A TO P AU

ESTA NDAR TES

AM MA RS KJO L AV. DA GH

OR TE AN ER CO

ST AN

AV. CRISTOBAL COLON

AND

AV. NU

D NTPEREI

COM

OS TAN ER A

D AM MA RS KJO L AV. DA GH

EVA C

Sights Sights Sights Sights

LOS

ARES MILIT

TO MALL SPORT LOS DOMINICOS ALTO LAS CONDES ARTISAN MARKET METRO STATION SKI RESORT: FARELLONES EL COLORADO LA PARVA VALLE NEVADO

SORIA

MARCHA

Z RE PE

OR TE

ST AN

EL TROVADOR

ER AV. AM

NTPEREI

OR TE

AN ER CO ST AN TO PI ST A AU CO TA

LA GIOCONDA

NT AR

SAN GABRI

MARCHA

ESCENT

RIE

ES MI CUE LIT LA AR

AV .A L

TO MALL SPORT ALTO LAS CONDES SKI RESORT: FARELLONES EL COLORADO LA PARVA VALLE NEVADO

HAMLET

GAB

EL DANTE

LE S GE AN

TO P

AR MILIT Bar / Nightlife Area LOS

RIE

GAB

SANG

PETAIN

EL TAMARU

EL TROVADOR

POLONIA

SAN GABRI

SAN CR

AV. EL BOSQU E

ILL

TEC

S ECHEÑIQ

GERTRUDI

NOGALES

SAN

Sights

MARTIN DE ZAMO

El Golf (F2): Where to see and be seen in Santiago. This chic neighborhood of glass and steel skyscrapers is called SanHatten for a reason. Home to the W Hotel, the Ritz and Santiago’s most elite country club. The trendy, high-end restaurants and bars offer the opportunity to dine or rub elbows with the movers and shakers of international business. El Golf (F2): Where to see and be seen in Santiago. This chic Avenida Alonso de Cordova / Nueva Costanera (G1):SanHatten Centered neighborhood of glass and steel skyscrapers is called in wealthiest neighborhood inside this area is forthe a reason. Home to the W Hotel, thethe Ritzcity andlimits, Santiago’s most the forThe Santiago's elite. Alonso de Cordova is home eliteplayground country club. trendy, high-end restaurants and bars offer as shakers well as to brandstolike Vuittonand thename opportunity dineGucci, or rub Prada elbowsand withLouis the movers boutique shops business. featuring local jewelry and fashion designers. The of international intersecting street, Nueva Costanera, boasts Santiago's finest Avenida dining. Alonso de Cordova / Nueva Costanera (G1): Centered in the wealthiest neighborhood inside the city limits, this area is the playground for Santiago's elite. Alonso de Cordova is home to name brands like Gucci, Prada and Louis Vuitton as well as boutique shops featuring local jewelry and fashion designers. The intersecting street, Nueva Costanera, boasts Santiago's finest dining.

AV .A L

LA GIOCONDA

PETAIN

E NAPOLEON

SAN

Our Friends

EL DANTE

CANTR NT AR A. D E LOS SR A.

ESCENT

POLONIA

S ECHEÑIQ

ILL

CALLAO

HERNANDO DE AGUIRR

AV. LUIS THAYER OJEDA

SA M. AV. AV. EL BOSQU ABA EL BA . TO DA AV

AV. APOQUINDO

TRAIGEN

AV. ELIODOR O YAÑEZ

OV A

Metro StationsArea Bar / Nightlife

GERTRUDI

LF Sunset Bike Tour meeting point NAPOLEON w/ reservation

DE AS

CALLAO

Museums Wifi Zone Metro Stations Bike Repair Our Friends

HAMLET

FCO.

AV. PRESIDENTE RIESCO AV. APOQUINDO

SAN CR

AVDA. APOQUINDO

EL TAMARU

A HAG

RUC

GLABlue Wiskey M

MAGDALENA MAG DALENA

Z HE NC

EL GOLF NEIGHBORHOOD

EL EL REGULADO

SA M. AV. A AB AL

DON CARLOS

NT R

w/ reservation

R NORTE

ER O

RIESCO

MARTIN DE ZAMO

CARLOS ANTU

ÁN C UZM AN G

MIS

SILVA

YAÑEZ

TA JU

POE

GLA

AV. PRESIDENTE

A. D E LOS SR A.

CÓ

SANG

Museums Sights

DE AS

OB A. T

IEVES

MAGDALENA MAG DALENA

IDO

LOS Wiskey Blue GOL LEONES F CL UB Sunset Bike Tour meeting point E. FOSTE

D AV

Bike Repair

LOS GOL LEONES F CL UB

R NORTE

DON CARLOS

TE OR

TIE

FASHION MUSEUM

OV A

A HAG

EL REGULADO R

EN QU OS

UIR

Wifi Zone

AV .A L

CÓ

AV. VITACURA

FCO.

GO YEN AVDA. APOQUINDO E

A CI

AC VIT AV.

E. FOSTE

EL GOLF AV. NEIGHBORHOOD IS

HAY

RUC

RIG

ILLO RAM

YEN

NOGALES

AV. LOTA

NEZ

AV. ELIODOR O

EROA IA FIGU

IEVES

LAS N

EDY AV. RPRESIDENTEPASKENN TR A OD

ÁN C UZM AN G

AC VIT

O JA

O. YER THA

T P. L.

HERNANDO DE AGUIRR

AV. LUIS THAYER OJEDA

AND ARM

TE OR

AV. LOTA

CARLOS ANTU

AVDA CARMEN

R DRA. MA

IRO

A UR

TA JU

ILLO RAM

EN QU OS

EL B

TIE

11 D

SILVA

AV. HOLA NDA

AVDA CARMEN

IDO

H IC

AV. LOS LEONES

AV. SUECIA

AV. RICARDO LYON

G. VIEJA

CARLOS ANTUNEZ

AV. PEDRO DE VALDIVIA AV. PEDRO DE VALDIVIA

ELL

IO B

RIAN

I. M DE PUNICIP ROV ALID IDEN AD CIA

JORGE ISAACS

TRAIGEN

R ZU

LBA

CARLOS ANTUNEZ

ILLA

A P. M

I. M DE PUNICIP ROV ALID IDEN AD CIA

PE VA DRO LV D IVI E A

PIO X

MBR

PTIE

E SE

. 11 D

AVDA

11 D

T PROVIDENC AVDA.O BAL IA ABA

AV. HOLA NDA

ION

P. L.

HOS AL X MIL PIT ITAPIO R

SUECIA NEIGHBORHOOD

AV D

AV. LOS LEONES

ST RE CAAV. SUEC

LYON

E LV HE

ECIA

G. HOLLE

NVA. DE

LUC

SAN

ERA

G. VIEJA

I NA

EGO

ORR

URB

OGU

F. N

OTE

EPC

AV. RICARDO LYON

LAS

U AV. S

ONES

LOS LE

EROA IA FIGU

AV .A L

O JA

AV.

IGO

LAS N

O BR

BR E UE RTOQ SCO A IA PAVDA. PROVIDENC BAL E UN E ABA EBRO

R MA JA TA

NVA.

LB ILLA

N. S

ONC

NCIA

FASHION MUSEUM

ESPOZ

ALONSO DE CORDOVA

AV. PRESIDENTE KENNEDY

AV. IS

A CI

ONES

S L AN AV.EO N

AV D

HOS MIL PITAL ITAR

E DR

H IC

LOS LE

EL B

R ZU

NVA.

A AV. S LE ÑO PA ES

R MA JA TA

R ND

UE RQ O PA ESC UN

E LV HE

B ES

SUECIA NEIGHBORHOOD O

RIA

A AM NT

IDE

JORGE ROV A. P VDACS AISA

ECIA

ZD NS.

LA C

PE VA DRO LV D IVI E A

U AV. S

YR G. HOLLE DO NA ER OB

LUC

ERA

SAN MO

MBR

PTIE

E SE

. 11 D

orhoods orhoods

de of the business district, this all the suits hit happy hour for o home to excellent restaurants otels.

G EL

EGO

I NA

ORR

URB

OGU

LYON LIER NVA. DE E LETE PADR

LAS

F. N

OTE

ELL

central, where the night begins music, thumping night clubs, ual beer bars. Hands down the hile’s late hborhood and night the postculture. military go’s alternative lifestyles. ith good drink specials and the good night outthe away the central, where nightfrom begins music, thumping night clubs, ual beer bars. Hands down the nightdistrict, culture. hile’s de of thelate business this all the suits hit happy for ith good drink specialshour and the o good homenight to excellent restaurants out away from the otels.

N. S

IO EPC ONC LAECVA ANU

O RIAN

hborhood and the post military go’s alternative lifestyles.

AV. ANTONIO V ARAS

VALENZUELA CASTILLO

GENERAL DEL CANTO

AV. JOSE M ANUEL INFA NTE

MANUEL MONTT NEIGHBORHOOD

AV. MANUELMONTT

DIAZ

Liguria Bar

ENC

OVID

. PR

A AVD

ADO IST

.S AV

LES

AVDA

Astrid & Gastón

ON ANT

AV. MANUELMONTT

ROMAN

VALENZUELA CASTILLO

GENERAL DEL CANTO ES

LOR

MA MO NUE NT L T

AV. ANTONIO V ARAS TRIZ BEA

L. F

ADEROS

GRAN

A. S. BRAV

GRA

ONT

NUE

L CLA

IGUE

MANUEL MONTT NEIGHBORHOOD ECELA

YA Ñ

A P. M

RO M AV. J.

DIAZ

AV. JOSE M ANUEL INFA NTE

ROMAN

LV AD

RO A. P

ENC

VID

O A. S. BRAV AV

LIO

ONT

L CLA

LIO IA AR DO

AV .E

ER GRANAD

AV .E

M RO LV TA LO YA AN AD ÑE EL .S Z AV O ES B R R ND

.MA

IGUE

A AVD

ECELA

Liguria Bar

MA ALENZ V MO NUE NT L T

ÑO SPA OS E

RES

C LOS

AV .E

AUTOPISTA COST ANERA NORTE

Astrid & Gastón

M AV. J.

ELM

VIS LLA

.A AV

IO B ON ANT

NUE

NS.

CAS

DOR TRIZ BEA

ORE

.MA

A. AVD

.A AV

IDE

V PRO

LOS

CAR

A ONT

IA VA MAR ANTA AV. S L L. F

A AVD

CIS

PIÑ

ME L CO

GRA

LM UE OP

RIA

E DR

AV. PEDRO DE VALDIVIA NORTE

EVA TOR

LO C

S RO

ISC

NES

A NT

OR DAD

R MA

A NT

.S AV

S LES RO AÑO NE ESP LOS ISIO

AUTOPISTA COST ANERA NORTE

N LE

A .S AV

LIER

ANU REC

MAR

NE PIO

C AN FR

O PIÑ

TA VIS LLA

EL C

O AÑ SP

R DO NA ER OB

CAS

DOR

ANTA AV. S

E LETE PADR

LOS

CAR

A ONT

AL STÓB I R C SAN HILL PE AV.

AV .E

S LE

G EL

TOR

REC

LO C

B DRO

DOR

DA MEN

S RO

N NNE

MIS

NE PIO

R SAN C HILL

LOS

R DRA. MA

AND ARM

NE BAN

AV. PEDRO DE VALDIVIA NORTE

ntals & Tours office today! BAL ISTÓ

E ION

AD IST

TE NOR UCIO

ESPOZ

P VES

ELCHE

AV.

I. M U DE VNICIPAL ITAC IDAD URA IO DE PAS TR AN A

TO N

N CO

ALONSO DE CORDOVA

AV. VITACURA

IVE

F. D

TO N

ALIPTUS

RO PED

I. M U DE VNICIPAL ITAC IDAD URA

BELLAVISTA

ES OR

O ERIC AM AV.

25 PATIO BELLAVISTA

7:30 pm - 10:30 pm

ntals & Tours office today!

TE NOR UCIO

18 AVIATION MONUMENT

PATRONATO NEIGHBORHOOD

P VES

O ERIC AM AV.

SAN FRANCISCO - MUSEUM AND CHURCH 22 22 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE LONDRES 38 PATIO BELLAVISTA 23 23 24 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE

L CA

6 7

LUCIA” ARTS AND CRAFTS MARKET 20 20 SAN“SANTA FRANCISCO - MUSEUM AND CHURCH NATIONAL LIBRARY 21 21 PARIS-LONDRES NEIGHBORHOOD

POE

ISA

D CO CIS RE AN IR FR AGU

TIL

ELCHE

Mestizo

AS LC DE

2:30 pm - 5:30 pm

IVE

F. D

BELLAVISTA

171

SAN FRANCISCO - MUSEUM AND CHURCH 22 22 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE 23 LONDRES 38 BELLAVISTA 23 19 PATIO BUSTAMANTE PARK 24 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE 20 “SANTA LUCIA” ARTS AND CRAFTS MARKET BELLAVISTA 25 PATIO BUSTAMANTE PARK 19 19 NATIONAL LIBRARY

ÍN

7:30 pm - 10:30 pm 9:30 am - 12:30 pm

ALIPTUS

LUCIA” ARTS AND CRAFTS MARKET 20 20 SAN“SANTA FRANCISCO - MUSEUM AND CHURCH NATIONAL LIBRARY 21 21 PARIS-LONDRES NEIGHBORHOOD

T US

20 “SANTA LUCIA” ARTS AND CRAFTS MARKET BUSTAMANTE PARK 19 19 NATIONAL LIBRARY

2:30 pm - 5:30 pm

TELEFERICO 10 SCULPTURE GARDEN STATUE OF THE VIRGIN MARY 11 TELEFERICO SANTIAGO ZOO 12 STATUE OF THE VIRGIN MARY INCLINE TRAIN 13 SANTIAGO ZOO PLAZA ITALIA 14SCULPTURE INCLINE TRAIN (FUNICULAR) ART GALLERYGARDEN “TELEFONICA” 15 PLAZA ITALIA TELEFERICO LITERARY CAFE OF PROVIDENCIA 10 SCULPTURE GARDEN 16 ART GALLERY “TELEFONICA” STATUE THE VIRGIN MARY AVIATIONOF MONUMENT 11 TELEFERICO 17 LITERARY CAFE OF PROVIDENCIA SANTIAGO ZOO 12 STATUE OF THE VIRGIN MARY 18 AVIATION MONUMENT INCLINE TRAIN 13 SANTIAGO ZOO PLAZA ITALIA 14 INCLINE TRAIN (FUNICULAR) ART GALLERY “TELEFONICA” 15 PLAZA ITALIA LITERARY CAFE OF PROVIDENCIA 16 ART GALLERY “TELEFONICA” AVIATION MONUMENT 17 LITERARY CAFE OF PROVIDENCIA

AN JU

9:30 am - 12:30 pm

11 SUPREME COURT OF CHILE PRESIDENTIAL PALACE “LA MONEDA” FORMER NATIONAL CONGRESS 12 2 SUPREME COURT OF CHILE CATHEDRAL OF SANTIAGO 13 3 FORMER NATIONAL CONGRESS SANTA LUCIA HILL 14 4 CATHEDRAL OF SANTIAGO PIOJERA BAR 15 5PRESIDENTIAL SANTA LUCIA HILL “LA MONEDA” 10 PALACE CENTRAL SEAFOOD MARKET 16 6 PIOJERA BAR 11 SUPREME COURT OFMARKET CHILE CENTRAL PRODUCE 17 PRESIDENTIAL PALACE “LA MONEDA” 7 CENTRAL SEAFOOD MARKET FORMER NATIONAL CONGRESS 12 PATRONATO NEIGHBORHOOD 18 COURT OF CHILE 82 SUPREME “LA VEGA” MARKET CATHEDRAL OFPRODUCE SANTIAGO 13 NATIONAL CONGRESS 93 FORMER PATRONATO NEIGHBORHOOD SANTA LUCIA HILL 14 4 CATHEDRAL OF SANTIAGO PIOJERA BAR 15 5 SANTA LUCIA HILL CENTRAL SEAFOOD MARKET 16 6 PIOJERA BAR CENTRAL PRODUCE MARKET 17 7 CENTRAL SEAFOOD MARKET PATRONATO NEIGHBORHOOD 18 8 “LA VEGA” PRODUCE MARKET

ISA

TÍN US AG

19 BUSTAMANTE PARK

O ILL ST CA

SCULPTURE GARDEN

L DE

PRESIDENTIAL PALACE “LA MONEDA”

E LD CA AL

DE CO CIS RE AN IR FR AGU

TÍN US AG

TÍN US AG AN JU

Mestizo

LOS DOMINICOS ARTISAN MARKET METRO STATION

OV A

OCTOBER 2011 / Famous Chileans: Architecture

Federico Sanchez:

Architect, designer, s and Lows innovator S

age

rtyntry me ver

of ter” who the

n e w s

of Chile’s Tourism Industry

By Al Ramirez “I have a reputation for being a terexclude any information thatwho serves How have the events, which have try not torible character,” said Sanchez, occurred throughout this year, affected can benefit our country and its regions.” antiago architect Frederico San- as the school’s director. “I am extremely - Rodrigo Gonzalez, General Manager of your company? chez does not necessarily hate all demanding. I’m like a sports coach [for “ChileXclusive Travel & Incoming” On the earthquake: Georgian-style houses- he just architecture students].” What needs has this thing against the ones area Atdothe you schoolthink of design, he also over“... It was in our agenda to provide services more improvement in toursim (tour that are built out of place. sees the “Taller Vertical Integrado,” a for an international construction congress, companies, restaurants, hotels, shops, As to a take television the etc.)? workshop that combines architecture, musums, which was going place inpersonality Santiago on this pastweekly September, being channel 13 the showMOP “City Tour,” industrial design, graphic design and the (Public Works Ministry) our main sponsor. “All of them. But, specifically, I think Sanchez is perhaps one of Chile’scommissions most arts.should be regulated because For obvious reasons, the money they had and well-known architects. In “I amoutinterested developing the sometimes it gets of hand. Iinam not destined popular for the congress had to be used for those who take he said in immediately the earthquake in order the after program, he regularly pokes against fun at commissions personality profile of architects,” to aid the affected regions in the south people to restaurants, hotels, shops, etc., residences in Santiago that fit better in his interview with Paula magazine. “I feel of Chile.” - Cristian Martinez, General this is how it’s done pretty much all around New England or the countryside of myself be more a designer, the world, but I to think 10% like is more than someone Manager rural of Pacifico Andino Expeditions, cansees onlythings be regulated throughdisciplines. Urban & Buckinghamshire. Adventure Tours Chile But then, he alsoenough. pokes This who from multiple an extensive marketthat study and some serious fun at homes built in neo-French style and I think cross-disciplinary work is the On the US dollar exchange rate: effort from the government.” - Jose Luis new houses that are “neo-Chilean with key when it comes to innovation. Rojas, General Manager of Serviline Pacific I do not Viña del Mar, Taxi Service. “Any kindcolonial-tiled of important event in are Chile roofs” that placed with stayRadio within limits, and this is what I’m inwill affectnomy business directly. Lately are it or their terested in conveying in my classes.” sense of who the owners has been the instability in the American surroundings. But his role in shaping the Santiago currency overall (I charge in US dollars), which “One clearlymore. distinguish when yet to come is perhaps greater in his anmeans that we havemust to charge We are now they less are competitive in the South wearing clothes, and when they tics on his weekly TV program. Along American market when it comes to with his friend, Marcelo Comparini, a tourism because Chile is one of the most Chilean architect who has been described expensive countries for tourists. That like “I feel myself to be more obviously means that they tend to stay as a “rebellious and irreverent cactus,” a designer, someone less time here.” - Hector Medina, ownerwho of Sanchez travels around Santiago and ba“Hector’s Private & things Flexible from Tour Service” sees multiple As the years go by, the people who work laughs wildly ata the pretentiousin tourismsically expect to receive wider disciplines. I think that crossbutreally, it seems that What must a company do in order to scale of visitors, ness, and, at theclear things that are just work is the keythe earthquake, the unstable currency, grow in suchdisciplinary a seasonal line of work? not right. Having suffered a bike accident when it comes to innovation. theI decrease in cruises and the rescue four yearsminers ago, hehave walkschanged with a cane, usuof the thirty-three “First of all, giving quality every and do not stayservice withininlimits, ally inforeingers an expensive suit,ofbut despite being have Chile. aspect, which includes working honestly the impression thistowards is whatour I’mpassengers. interested in Having a ministry of as tourism seems to be the siland respectfully described vaguely resembling conveying my classes.” In the end, the concept ofinseasonal work an essential issue, and little by little we will ver-haired art legend Andy that pop will allow for Chile to Warhol, isn’t something that affects all of Chile; likely see changes ever appears serious, anhardly international level, which canat least not there are many places here that are visited advance onhe be of help to those all year round, so the answer is to mention for very long.who rely on tourism are wearing a costume,” explainedonly Santhese places within your programs and for their livelihood. Despite this, he is quite serious about chez in a recent interview for the Chilean women’s magazine Paula. “A person may image. Having spent years as a self-delove the apparel worn by the Three Mus- scribed hippie, he began paying attenketeers, and wear it to a costume party, but tion to his personal style after watching they should not dress like that for work. the Francis Ford Coppola film “Rumble However, when people opt for a house Fish” (“La Ley de la Calle”) in 1983. Getin which to live, they seem to go for the ting a haircut after leaving the cinema, he focused on trying to create a flawless house of the Three Musketeers.” Industrial Heating and Steam Systems The architect, himself, lives in an older image of himself, a goal he later applied Residential Heating building in Providencia with his wife, Xi- to his architectural designs and their surefficiency and Solid Stoves goal he tries to shame othroundings—a mena Torres, High and their two Pellet sons, ages 12 Wood Solar Systems and 9. Torres serves as the academic di- er architects into pursuing and demands Vicuña Mackenna Avenue #801, Los Angeles, Chile especially from his students. rector of the Phone: Astoreca while (56-43) Foundation, 318246 • Cell Phone Sales: (59-9) 99996547 Sanchez, a graduate Universidad in Temuco City:ofAv. the Pedro de Valdivia 0135, Phone (56-45)“The 646009architect that has no deep respect Showroom Palazzetti: Av. Lashis Condes 8283, Santiago, Phone (56-2)historical 2204189 for the and technical context of Católica, admits to terrifying students at the Universidad Diego Portales School a structure is not worthy of being called an architect,” he said. ILC of Design.

By Ben Angel

COURTESY PHOTO

son for igh ber rch. five g an ors ion ave and ary uise ent to hat

English AA in Chile

contact@englishaainchile.cl

www.englishaainChile.cl

Visit us at 221 Centre Street New York NY 10013 or at www.puro-chile.com

Join Steve to find out what is ‘hot’ in Chile right now, every Wednesday 6pm on www.ilovechile.cl/radio

16 Photos: Christián Aguilar

Interview / OCTOBER 2011

By Jonathan Franklin

s the Friday afternoon sun dipped towards the horizon, students at the University of Chile played ping-pong and football while an entangled couple lounged and kissed on a worn blue couch. Spring in Chile means new love and six months of sunshine. This year it also heralds the dawn of a wildly popular student uprising known as “The Chilean Winter” which has hijacked the nation’s political agenda. While most of the campus spent Friday preparing for the ensuing World Cup qualifying match between Chile and arch rival Argentina, a group of 60 student leaders huddled in a cement encased basement auditorium to plan the next steps in their burgeoning revolution. Camila Vallejo is center stage. Vallejo sits behind her battered laptop, a small blue notebook covered in unicorns on her desk and a rapt audience in front of her. When she speaks, her hands fly about, like birds snatching invisible prey. Her emphasis is pointed and clear, but mixed with constant doses of humor and self-deprecation; she keeps her charges laughing. As only the second-ever female president of Chile’s most prestigious student body known as FEUC, Vallejo, a member of the Chilean communist party, has presided and helped craft the biggest citizen democracy movement since the days of opposition marches to General Augusto Pinochet a generation earlier. The government response has reminded many older Chileans of that same dark era. Three days ago, on Thursday, Chilean riot police ambushed Vallejo and a group

“Camila has an ability to deliver a very wide populist message, not populist just in terms of communicating to the poor, but also to the middle class…The youth now have more credibility than the traditional politicians.” of fellow student leaders just after a press conference in downtown Santiago. “They (police) targeted the leadership with violence,” said Ariel Russell, a University of Chile student who witnessed the attack. “We had not even started the march and the police apparatus was upon us.” Vallejo, a 23 year-old geography student, was singing and marching with a hand-lettered sign when a squad of militarized vehicles closed in and attacked her with jets of tear gas. A pair of trucks mounted with water cannons then unleashed a fire hose-velocity barrage of water, enough to break bones and scrape a person across the pavement. Vallejo was soaked, a cloud of tear gas was then blasted onto her body. With her skin wet, the chemical reaction was massive and decapitating. Vallejo was paralyzed. Her body went into an allergic reaction and welts from the gas erupted over her body. “At first, we resisted, but it was intolerable,” said Vallejo. “You could not breathe, it was complicated, we had to run away from the Carabineros [police] then another water

cannon hit us in the face with a different chemical, this was much stronger…my whole body was burning. It was very brutal.” For the next four hours, journalists were beaten and 250 people arrested. Twenty-five police were injured as masked youths with paint bombs and handfuls of rocks counterattacked. All Thursday afternoon, downtown Santiago was awash in running street fights between heavily armored police units and hundreds of riotous protestors decked in shorts, tennis shoes and scarves to shield them from the gas. As squads of police attacked students, pedestrians and even an ambulance, Vallejo huddled in an office, receiving medical care and monitoring the situation through cell phone reports from a team of scouts at the edges of what quickly became a burgeoning riot. The government blamed Vallejo for the chaos; after all, she had made the much publicized call, mobilizing her followers to congregate at Plaza Italia, a public park, and march along the Alameda, the nation’s main thoroughfare which sits less than two kilometers from the lightly guarded Presidential Palace. Vallejo was quick to retort that public gatherings need no authorization and that the police had illegally attacked students standing in a park. Vallejo, a stunningly eloquent and decidedly attractive brunette who exudes self-confidence and style, took the violence in stride and focused on what she sees as the positive achievements thus far. “For years, Chilean youth have been consumed by a neo-liberal model that highlights personal achievement and consumerism; it is

The Session with Mike Hee, underground club music, every Thursday 10pm on www.ilovechile.cl/radio

OCTOBER 2011 / Interview

Camila Vallejo:

Chile’s Wildly Popular Student Leader becomes Latin American Folk Hero

all about mine, mine, mine. There is not a lot of empathy for the other,” said Vallejo in her office, decorated with a large photo of Karl Marx. “This movement has achieved just the opposite. Youth has taken control…and revived and dignified politics. This comes hand-in-hand with the questioning of worn-out political models. All they have done is govern for the big business interests and powerful economic groups.” In just a matter of months, Vallejo has been catapulted from anonymous student body president to Latin American folk hero with 300,793 Twitter followers. Type her name into Google Search and there are 165,000 citations, just in the past 24 hours. Brazilian students now parade her as VIP guest at their marches, the Chilean President invites her to negotiate a settlement and when she calls for a show of strength hundreds of thousands of students throughout Chile take to the streets. As an adept and wildly popular social media phenomenon, Vallejo has risen to become the most recognizable face of the student protestors. Throughout the six-month revolt, Chilean students – in many cases led by 14 and 15 year-olds - have seized the streets of Santiago and major cities, provoking and challenging the status quo with their demand for a massive restructuring of the nation’s for-profit higher education industry. In support of their demands for free university education, students have organized, since May, a series of 37 marches which have gathered upwards of 200,000 students at a time. Police repression has been frequent. Vandals who often use the cover of student marches to attack banks,

pharmacies and utility companies are met by an armed force of riot police who routinely attack pedestrians and tear gas crowds of innocent civilians. What began as a quiet plea for improvements in public education has now erupted into a whole scale rejection of the Chilean political elite. Students have seized more than 100 high schools nationwide and a dozen universities shut down by protesting students. Classes for tens of thousands of students have been suspended since May, leading to the likelihood that the entire school year will have to be repeated. Polls show an estimated 70% of the Chilean public backs the student’s demands and an equal percentage find the government’s proposal insufficient, according to figures from Chile’s leading newspaper, La Tercera. Widely admired for her eloquent speeches on Chil-

ean TV, Vallejo has gathered a cult following around the world that ranges from German folk rock tributes to videos from Latin America’s largest university, the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [UNAM.] “This nationalization of the movement has been very important to us,” says Vallejo who receives a daily barrage of speaking engagements, seminar invitations and fan mail. “Here in Chile we are constantly hearing the message that our goals are impossible and that we are unrealistic, but the rest of the world, especially the youth, are sending us so much support. We are at a crucial moment in this struggle and this international support is key.” In stark contrast to the student’s popularity, the once beloved coalition, known as La Concertacion which organized to overthrow General Pinochet and then ruled Chile from 1990 to 2010, has fallen into political obsolescence. La Concertacion is now polling at just 11 percent approval. Sebastian Piñera, Chile’s president and a billionaire businessman, has racked up dismal figures as well, with just 22 percent public approval ratings, the lowest ever in Chilean history. “For 20 years they [La Concertacion] reinforced the Pinochet model, they institutionalized it, modernized it without any profound changes. Now that this model is in crisis, they can’t be part of the discussion as they are effectively complicit,” said Russell, the University of Chile student. “Camila has an ability to deliver a very wide populist message, not populist just in terms of communicating to the poor, but also to the middle class… The youth now have more credibility than the traditional politicians.” ILC

Cinema listings in English every Thursday on www.ilovechile.cl

FAMOUS CHILEANS: The Entrepreneur Hunter / OCTOBER 2011

Mining for Innovation:

10 rising leaders in Chile you’re going to dig! By Shonika Proctor

lthough recently Chile has become known around the world for its rescue of the 33 miners, Chile actually has a long and storied history of mining. Today, it has one of the most progressive mineral industries in the western hemisphere. Producing one-third of the world’s copper and also a leading exporter of lithium, commonly used in battery technology, the mining industry has also produced many of Chile’s wealthiest famous people and families. However, as Chile relies heavily on the export of raw materials rather than finished products, it concerns me that in the future we may see other countries replace these minerals with synthetic products or find alternative ways to produce and transport products locally, reducing their own costs and improving the economy in their respective countries. Wondering what else Chile might become known for besides mining, I re-

flected back on my year in Chile and thought of some of the young people I have met who have been working on all types of interesting projects and entrepreneurial endeavors. While their work to date may not be recognized outside of their respective communities, their names may not float in certain circles and their core foundation is still being cultivated, these change-makers are the modern day pioneers of Chile. They are very much driven by internal factors and their true love of whatever they are into and do not seek approval or connection with certain networks to validate their work or their vision. With or without financial support, they are investing in themselves and finding ways to make it work. It is only a matter of time before their name becomes widespread in their respective industries, not only in Chile, but around the globe. Perhaps they are not famous among the general population--yet--but they are famous to me. Their vision, work ethic and “chispa” (spark) inspire me, and I hope they will inspire you too.

Lisbeth Valderas.

Macarena Pola.

Lisbeth Valderas Producing Green Automotive Engines Lisbeth Valderas, 20, lives in the southern city of Puerto Montt, which is the last city you reach in Chile on the highway before you enter the fabled land of Patagonia. She lives in the community of Alerces where many families earn in one month what the average Chilean family earns in a week. Jobs are difficult to come by, and having a vocational skill set or being an entrepreneur is a necessity for the majority of people living there. Valderas discovered a way to do both. After receiving formal training at Liceo Industrial Alerce, an automotive and metal works vocational high school, Valderas came up with the idea to develop a hydrogen internal combustion engine that can be used in multiple applications. She plans to experiment with ways it can be made from all recyclable parts. A micro-investor in Santiago has recently agreed to fund her project and support her with rapid prototyping to help bring her idea to the marketplace.

life to working towards the development of technology in Chile. He had one of the first companies in Chile to focus on technology from a design perspective. In the true spirit of innovation, Macarena decided to carry his vision one step further. She studied and lived abroad in China for a few years where she learned a lot about the manufacturing industry. Leveraging her industrial design background and her manufacturing industry insights, she launched Micrologica Factory. Whether you want to design a product or fabricate it, Micrologica Factory offers a unique model of product development, taking ideas through a full life cycle. Their team can design your product as well as consult with you on where you should manufacture it. They can also help fabricate small scale prototypes and suggest needed tweaks before a mass replication order is sent abroad. www. micrologicafactory.cl

Macarena Pola Leading the Micro Manufacturing Revolution Inspired by the work of her father, Mariano Pola, an entrepreneur and innovator in Chile for over 27 years, decided to launch an innovative company of her own. Her father committed a lot of his adult

Pablo Tussi Creating Next Generation Investors Pablo Tussi believes that there are a lot of people who would love to invest money in businesses— especially those related to causes they feel strongly about—but they lack investing know-how. Additionally, he thinks that beyond the money, they can bring other benefits to the project including social networks, expertise and the moral support to see it succeed. So he and his business partner came up with the concept of combining those worlds. “I have

Salvador Achondo.

since coined the term, ‘social investors,’ that explains their concept perfectly,” said Tussi. Their company Pymis is an investor’s club for small and medium investors. Currently they are providing education and outreach support and are working to build awareness of the Pymis Network. They entered beta mode on September 1, 2011 when they reached 100 registered social investors in Chile. www.pymis.cl Salvador Achondo Connecting Chile’s Innovators with Industry Salvador Achondo is a project coordinator at the Center for Innovation at Un Techo Para Chile, one of the fastest growing nonprofit organizations in Latin America. There are a lot of great folks working at (and with) the Center of Innovation, but let me tell you what I really love about this guy: he plays nicely with entrepreneurs. And anybody who is a hardcore entrepreneur and who has ever had to run a fairly large-scale project (and sometimes small ones) with multiple organizations where your primary point of contact does not come from an entrepreneurial background can definitely appreciate this. As Chile looks to accelerate the growth of its startup and entrepreneur ecosystem and work more in a collaborative space, especially with companies in the USA, the Salvador Achondo’s of Chile will be in high demand. www.techolab.com

Follow feature column ‘My Two Cents’, opinions about Chile every week on www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / FAMOUS CHILEANS: The Entrepreneur Hunter

Ricardo Mansilla Chavez

Edmundo Casas.

Ricardo Mansilla Chavez Building Technology Platforms for Education Ricardo Mansilla Chavez, is a computer engineer born in Ancud, Chiloé, in the south of Chile. He is the visionary behind Click Educa (Click Education and Services Limited) and the author of its awardwinning software. Click Educa is an educational technology company established in mid-2010 and aims to develop innovative solutions through the use of technology, engineering, information technology and communication. They work to create tools that support learning and benefit students, teachers and supporters by leveraging a cross-collaborative platform. His company recently won the award from the Organization of American States (for the Americas) of the Best Innovation Project in the culture area for the Talent and Innovation Challenge Americas Contest . He projects that by 2012 more than 30,000 students in the country will be using this platform. www.cliceduca.cl/

Francia Matte Researching Next Generation Transportation Networks Francia Matte is a 16-year-old mathematician from Puente Alto, Chile. For a few years she has been thinking about the possibilities of building a magnetic levitation transportation network in Chile. After attending a workshop in Puente Alto hosted by Pymis Cordillera, a small business networking association that her father belongs to, she decided to take the idea to the next level. She has recently made a video of her idea and is researching as she prepares to enter a rapid prototyping mode via small scale production. See her video here: bit.ly/franciam

Edmundo Casas Developing Next Generation Game Platforms After seeing him do a live presentation of a few of the products he created, I was completely blown away. Edmundo Casas is a mathematician, and by formal training, an electronics engineer. And without question, he is an inventor. He developed the K-Console, which works similarly to Wii controls, but they look like bracelets. Using the bracelet and the software, your computer can be converted into an amusing interactive platform and allow you to play games such as soccer and snowboarding. His products are sold in major retailers including Falabella. He also developed another game that allows you to practice sports through your computer without the use of any video game peripherals aside from your webcam and your body. One of my favorite products that he developed was a really cool educational application for the LiveScribe pen that teaches things such as writing the alphabet using a voice command that narrates where you draw different points on the LiveScribe digital paper. www. kauel.cl

Matías González.

Francia Matte.

Matias GonzalEz Bringing the World to Chile! Before Sebastian Piñera was elected the President of the Republic of Chile, the 8.8-magnitude earthquake, the Chilean mine rescue or Start Up Chile, Matias Gonzalez, was a 22-year-old student at Universidad del Desarollo, trying to get the world to notice Chile. He is actually the reason I came to Chile. Although he was searching for another famous proctor through Facebook when he found me, he figured, “who in Chile would know the difference, LOL.” Matias said that his country was small, but had great potential and the people had a unified strength and tremendous talent. But he believed Chile needed to bring the best practices into the country, more international exposure and more importantly, the Chilean people needed someone who believed that they could really change the world and would prompt their emerging voice. As he continues to write to the world, it appears that more people are listening. He and his business partners, Felipe Gonzalez and Rodrigo Bello Vigorena have successfully brought Entrepreneur’s Organization to Chile, the first Stanford Asian Students Entrepreneur Society Chapter to Latin America and the Silicon Valley Virtual Tour to the auditoriums of top universities across Latin America. www.nettod.cl

Andrés Seguel.

Andres Seguel Inspiring the Next Generation of Engineers and Inventors Andres Seguel, 13, has five years experience in the field of robotics, engineering and design. He is a member of DragonBots, the only robotics team in Latin America selected for the 2011 Google X Prize Moonbots 2.0 competition. Having a taste of international exposure, learning about engineering and robotics from his older brother Sebastian, 17, who was one of the co-founders of the national youth robotics team (corazondechileno.cl), and now serving as a mentor to his younger sister, Andres has seen the process go full circle. He has the confidence, enthusiasm, experience and leadership capacity to lead the next student movement in Chile—the innovation revolution. www.dragonbots.com Ivan Aravena Igniting Chile’s Creative Economy While it is more common in the U.S. to travel to many places and experience a thriving culture of creativity, innovation and collaboration across industry sectors and even personal causes, it is not very commonplace in Chile or Latin America. Ivan Aravena and his business partner Daniel Atik are working to change this, starting with their work at the Dreams Lab. Leveraging the power of blended media, apps and next generation technology platforms, they are influencing the ways people communicate with the world and each other. Avarena is becoming an expert in the world of Augmented Reality, QR Codes and GeoMapping and discovering clever ways they can be integrated strategically into brands and practical consumer applications. While I am privy to some secret squirrel projects and products he is working on, I am not at liberty to disclose them. So I will promote his dream here—if you are into a related industry or have similar interests, connect with him to open the dialogue. thedreamslab.com/es

Iván Aravena.

Cinema listings in English every Thursday on www.ilovechile.cl

PHOTO: Courtesy Fábula Producciones

FAMOUS CHILEANS: FILM / OCTOBER 2011

Pablo Larraín Matte:

Pushing the edge of Chilean filmmaking

By Ben Angel

stolen Policia de Investigaciones (PDI) sports utility vehicle is chased by another PDI vehicle through Valparaiso’s World Heritage District on Cerro Alegre. An ambulance carrying an injured prisoner near Cerro Santa Lucía in Santiago is rammed by a van, and later, after a lengthy gun battle, the assailants get away in a school bus. A PDI station in Puerto Varas is rammed by a sturdily-reinforced pickup in the daring break-out of a group of criminals held in that southern city shortly after their arrest. The evening news? No, thankfully. Instead, this is the weekly “Latin American Original” series produced for Home Box Office (HBO) here in Chile, entitled “Prófugos.” With a title using the Spanish word that means “fugitives,” the HBO series details the adventures of four male drug runners (one of whom is actually an undercover PDI officer), who are under the direction of the imprisoned mother of the youngest of the men, Vicente Farragut, played by Nestor Castillana. By episode 4, Kika Farragut, played by Claudia di Girolamo, has escaped and joined the run from the law. Sometimes described as a “road film,” the series has been effective in showing off Chile, albeit sometimes with a nightmare of blood splatters lit by yet another fireball from an exploding vehicle. Supposedly the series is highly popular in Mexico, one of the four countries it premiered in, possibly because it depicts a different country suffering the same type of violence. The series is under the direction of Pablo Larraín Matte, a 34-year-old Chilean filmmaker whose first movie, “Fuga” (Fugue) was released in 2006, according to the Internet Movie Database (IMDb). IMDb lists Larraín as executive producer of Prófugos, which features “Fuga” star Benjamín Vicuña as Alvaro “Tegui” Parraguez, the undercover police officer who must maintain the three other fugitives’ trust in order to make it out of the ordeal alive, and who might himself be wanted on murder charges after having accidentally killed one of his uniformed colleagues in the opening episode’s gunfight down on the docks of Valparaiso. The show’s executive producer is in real life the son of conservative senator Hernan Larraín Fernández (Union Democrata Independente party), whose term as president of the senate finished a year before “Fuga” came out. His mother is Magdalena Matte Lecaros, likewise a political

Larraín, despite his relatively short history in filmmaking, has nonetheless been prolific.

conservative civil engineer who served as the Minister of Housing and Urban Development until April; she is the granddaughter of Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma, a second-generation Italian-Chilean who was a non-consecutive two-term President of Chile in the 1920s and 1930s. Pablo, however, is far from politically conservative. He made news at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival by blaming the political right as being directly responsible for the “cultural blackout” that Chile suffered during Augusto Pinochet’s military regime. “The political right in the entire world has little interest in culture,” he said during the introduction of his film “Tony Manero,” a film portraying a Chilean serial killer who imitated the lead character of the late 70s film Saturday Night Fever (Tony Manero, played by John Travolta), a showcase of the disco culture of the United States that left a considerable impression on culture in the middle of Pinochet’s era. “This [lack of interest] shows the ignorance that they probably have, because it is difficult for anyone to enjoy or love things they do not know.” In Profúgos, the drama incorporates situations that are sure to make his parents highly uncomfortable, including graphic scenes in Episode 7 that goes well be-

Discover bands, restaurants and the best empanadas in Chile on www.ilovechile.cl

yond what Chilean, or even U.S., shows have attempted. Chile’s political diversity in the series is most markedly seen in the conflict of two of the fugitives: Oscar Salamanca, played by Francisco Reyes, a failed revolutionary suffering from a terminal disease who sought to secure the financial future of his daughter (by episode 3, she is rescued at a ski resort east of the capital, and likewise on the run); and Mario Moreno, played by Luis Gnecco, a former collaborator with the military regime that sought to provide for his pregnant fiancée (by episode 2 she is assassinated by a rival cartel while on the phone with him). Larrain, despite his relatively short history in filmmaking, has nonetheless been prolific. Following the success of “Fuga” at the Cartagena Film Festival in Colombia and the Festival de Malaga in Spain (where it won Best Film and Best Leading Actor), he produced “La vida me mata” (Life kills me), a film about a photographer, depressed at the death of his brother, finding friendship in a boy that the he later regards as his brother’s reincarnation. “La vida” was entered into the Valdivia International Film Festival held at the city’s Universidad Austral de Chile. “Tony Manero” won awards at no less than seven film festivals, in cities ranging from Havana, Cuba to Warsaw, Poland and Istanbul. In 2009, he produced “Grado 3” a comedy inspired by Canada’s “Y.P.F” that tried to depict Chilean views on sexuality. The film also starred Vicuña as one of the five couples used to illustrate this cultural exploration. Afterward, Larrain wrote and produced the film “Post Mortem,” set in the early days of the military regime. In this 2010 release, a morgue clerk falls in love with a burlesque dancer that later disappears. He also branched into television with an appearance on the show “De la A a la Z” last November. Then his career exploded. As he began shooting on Valparaiso’s Cerro Alegre in March, he produced Ulises (about a Peruvian immigrant to Chile) and “El año del tigre” (about a prisoner who escaped in the February 27 earthquake). He also produced the U.S. film “4:44 Last Day on Earth” starring Willem Dafoe, first released at the Venice Film Festival last month and in North America on October 5. His next film is scheduled for 2014 release, entitled “No,” a film about an ad executive who helped defeat Pinochet’s referendum, thereby ending his regime, in 1988. Meanwhile, “Prófugos” is gearing up for a second season. ILC

OCTOBER 2011 / FAMOUS CHILEANS: SOCIETY

Fernández Chadwick Claudio Olivares Medina

What started as a couple of pages and sold for 100 pesos has become a massively read weekly that sells for 800 pesos and manages to mix politics and humor to inform the public about the complexities of Chilean politics.

By Silvia Vinas

atricio Fernández Chadwick is the mas termind behind the satirical weekly The Clinic. It’s possibly Chile’s only opposition newspaper since Sebastián Piñera took office. Born in Santiago on January 1,1969, Fernandez studied Literature and Phil osophy at the Universidad Católica and later Renaissa nce Art at the Universitá degli Studi di Firenze in Flor ence, Italy. Fernández wrote two novels—“Los Nen es and Ferrantes”—and is a frequent columnist for The Clinic and other newspapers. Fernández, together with other left-lean ing personalities including filmmaker and former pres idential candidate Marco Enríquez Ominami, founded The Clinic in November 1998, naming it after the The London Clinic where Augusto Pinochet was arrested in October of that year. What started as a couple of pages and sold for 100 pesos has become a massively read week ly that sells for 800 pesos and manages to mix politics and humor to inform the public about the complexities of Chilean politics. In an interview after Piñera took office, Fernández referred to The Clinic’s “antipiñerismo” declaring, “We will set eyes on whoever is in power. We have done it with all of the “concertación” (conclusionary) governments from our birth, don’t imagine that we›re not going to so do now with this government that represen ts and brings together much of what we have fought in recent years. But we will not only be on top of what the government of Sebastián Piñera does, even more inte resting will be to generate dialogue and conversations in our area of interest. If it is about jokes, we are going to have many opportunities to laugh.” You can follow Patricio Fernandez on Twi tter @PatoFdez and read The Clinic’s online vers ion at http://www.theclinic.cl/

Cinema listings in English every Thursday on www.ilovechile.cl

22 Leonardo Farkas photos courtesy of Minera Santa Fe.

FAMOUS CHILEANS: PHILANTHROPY / OCTOBER 2011

Julio Farkas Klein

Chile’s favorite philanthropist

By Ben Angel

n August 23, 2010, the day after TerraServices drillers extracted a drill-bit out of their eighth pilot hole, now at 688 meters deep, and found a note attached, reading: “Estamos bien en el refugio, Los 33” (“We are well in the shelter, The 33”), a Hummer sports utility vehicle pulled into Camp Hope, the tent city set up for the friends and relatives of the men buried alive in the San Jose Mine accident near Copiapo. After the SUV came to a stop, the door opened and Leonardo Julio Farkas Klein stepped out. Without much fanfare, on the 18th day after the accident, the man in the suit with the distinctive blond mane began writing checks worth $5 million Chilean pesos (roughly $10,000 USD) for each of the 33 families whose hopes had just been rekindled by images of their still-alive loved ones. As owner of the neighboring Santa Fe iron mine, the Hungarian-Chilean felt the need to lead the country in supporting the San Jose copper mine families suffering from poverty after the San Estaban Primero, (or St. Stephen I) Mining Company, also owned by HungarianChileans, stopped payments to them after the accident. “It’s all for the Teleton,” said Farkas, a statement alluding to an act of philanthropy for which he was already well known. During the 2008 Teleton Chile, a two-day charity event benefiting children, Farkas donated $1 billion pesos (then roughly $1.5 million USD) to the event. An hour and a half later, Jose Luis Nazar matched this figure, but Farkas’ was the first of two acts that were later recorded as the singularly largest donations in the then 30-year history of the fundraiser. “God gives us money, and he asks us to be accountable for its use,” said Farkas. “I choose to use it for the poor.” As a result of actions like these, the iron tycoon is today an icon among the socially conscious of Chile. In reality, he has been something of an icon since his somewhat populist claim at his 40th birthday four years ago that if he became president, he would provide a house for every Chilean family. Born as a second-generation Chilean to Jew-

ish World War II survivor Daniel Farkas Berger and Transylvania-Hungarian émigré Catalina Klein in the Atacama Desert town of Vallenar, Leonardo grew up in privileged conditions, even after his family was forced to give up many of its mining enterprises in the later part of the Allende regime. After being educated in the Instituto Hebreo Dr. Chaim Weizmann in Santiago during the Pinochet years, Farkas eventually left the country in the mid-80s

to work as a piano player for night clubs in the U.S. cities of Las Vegas and Miami. He also played on cruise ships and even spent time in Arabia entertaining sheikhs. Once back in the United States, he met Betina Friedman (later called Betina Friedman Parker, in accordance with Chilean naming customs that require the use of both the father’s last name and the mother’s maiden name), the granddaughter heiress of Concord Hotel chain magnate Arthur Winaerick. The two married in the New York Catskills in 1994, and he continued to play piano until about 2002, sometime after which he returned to Chile. By 2004, Farkas inherited control of the family mining concerns, as well as a shared stake in his wife’s inheritance, both of which were put to use in building his present interests in Chilean iron production. With the boom in construction within China driving up iron and steel prices, he stands today to make money on the world market. Fortunately for Chile, this wealth is likely to benefit more Chileans than it would in the hands of many other industry owners. Farkas has expressed the opinion that wealthy Chileans, largely, are stingy and elitist, and that he would like to be different. He looks upon his enterprises as opportunities to bring good-paying jobs to Chilean workers, and expresses what appears to be sincere concern that his mines do not negatively impact nearby communities, either environmentally or socially. Farkas has even faced lawsuits from foreign partners that express a lack of understanding of his philanthropy; in 2008, he faced a lawsuit from Australian-based Admiralty Resources over a $75,000 USD contribution made to Teleton Chile, using company funds. Although a connection has never been proved, not long after the lawsuit was brought forward, Farkas dropped out of the running for President of Chile in the elections that Sebastian Piñera, another millionaire with perhaps a less populist reputation, later won. Still, with 135,000 friends on Facebook, he clearly has a following. With so many supporters and ambition, it’s hard to predict where Farkas will be in another ten years. Certainly, wherever he is, he will be doing what he can to contribute to the well being of his homeland. ILC

Follow ‘Pepe’s Chile’, insightful advise to life in Chile, every Monday at www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / ABUNDANT WOMEN

Work life balance for women

Why you should never try to manage your time By Mamiko Ito

hether you are single or married with five children, many women feel that 24 hours in a day aren’t enough. Maintaining a balance between work and play is one of the biggest challenges in our lives, and managing so many things and being happy at the same time is extremely difficult. If you are running a business, it gets even more complicated. Wearing multiple hats and managing everything from accounting to sales, you may feel like a rat spinning a wheel. Don’t worry; you are not alone. After following some tips I learned from courses and books about time management, I realized that using complex rules to manage the inbox and planning my time minute by minute doesn’t really work. The more I tried to manage, the less happy I became. It’s like chasing a rainbow. No matter how hard you try, you’d never reach it because traditional time management is missing very important elements. The real key to achieving the balance is not about trying to do more with less time, but rather doing less and letting go of what doesn’t serve your goals. Here is the reality that many people totally miss. Without understanding these concepts, you’ll never have enough time, even if you had 48 hours in a day. • Most women are taught to take care of family and keep the house tidy. Women feel a need to pick things up when they are scattered on the floor. One the other hand, men think that home is a place to relax after a busy day at work and they feel that putting the house in order is what they’d least want to do. • Whether you have only one child or five children, every mom feels overwhelmed because we want to give everything to our children. • Multitasking is women’s nature. We always multitask even without thinking. But if we don’t consciously manage ourselves, we end up jumping from one thing to another; it distracts our attention and focus. • According to Pareto’s principle, 80 percent of results come from 20 percent of input. For example, 80 percent of your business income comes from 20 percent of products, 80 percent of revenue is brought by 20 percent of employees and 80 percent of happiness comes from 20 percent of your friends. • Even if you had an extra five hours a day, you’d probably fill them up and still feel time is not enough because you’d either find more things to do or take more time to do the same thing. That means a woman’s job will never get done.

The real key to achieving the balance is not about trying to do more with less time, but rather doing less and letting go of what doesn’t serve your goals. Having these in mind, I want you to pay attention to all the things you do for the next week. Write them down and ask yourself if each of them contributes to a result you want, whether that be your income, happiness or fulfillment. If they don’t, do one of the followings:

1. Delete

There are many things we are so used to doing, but

it’s time to see if they really contribute to the result you want. Maybe it’s time to cut down a number of products that don’t sell and take up too much storage space and your time. Or maybe it’s time to get rid of non-performing staff or the suppliers that are giving you so many headaches. Or maybe it’s time to move to a smaller house that needs less maintenance.

2. Delegate

If there are things you don’t really enjoy doing, ask someone to do them. Hire a personal assistant to manage books, travel arrangements and running errands. If your business is not growing, then most likely you are doing many things that don’t generate revenue. As an entrepreneur, you have to spend 70 percent of your time talking to potential customers, planning for the next marketing plan and thinking business strategy. Stop expecting your husband to help you with house chores. Instead, hire a housekeeper to clean and wash. It’s so nice to come back home and find the

house clean and dinner waiting for you in the fridge. If your little voice is saying that you can’t afford it, think about how much time and frustration you’d save by not doing housework, and use that time to generate more income than you are paying the housekeeper.

3. Automate

Unfortunately, many business owners become a bottleneck for their business. If your business cannot run without you, you will never achieve freedom in time and money. Create a check list, process document and FAQ for your team to manage and make small decisions on their own. Outsource or hire a team to free up yourself for new opportunities and to grow your business. You don’t want to miss out on a big opportunity just because you don’t have time. Remember, you can’t manage time. The only thing you can manage is yourself. As an entrepreneur, you have to focus your effort to the 20 percent that gives 80 percent of the results. Success is not about working hard, but working smart. ILC

Get the latest news headlines everyday on www.ilovechile.cl

Photos: Morten Andersen

TRAVEL AND WINE / OCTOBER 2011

Wine Weekend In the Sun HOTELS

By Jonathan Franklin

ravel guides described a trip to the Chilean vineyards as a “convenient 90-minute drive” south of Santiago. Not one travel book mentions the crazed traffic or the wandering horses when they’re waxing lyrical about the red wines of Chile. The promise of a wine discovery is the reason I’ve rented a car and driven back in time to find the Colchagua Valley, where, rumor has it, some of the world’s finest wines are now produced. I’m in a hurry to arrive. I need a warm escape from winter in the capital, and Colchagua comes highly recommended as a valley packed with vineyards and palm trees and welcoming cellar doors. The sun cuts low in the morning, having just cleared the Andes Mountains, and it strikes my eyes hard just as I’m approaching a horse buggy. But I know I must be close: I see a sign saying vinedo (vineyard). Then another. Dozens of wineries with names I’ve never heard of, like Estampa and Hacienda El Auracano. Between vineyards are small family farms, the beautiful chocolate-colored soil farmed by local cowboys known as huasos. They are distinguished by their trademark black hats with crisp brims stretching out nearly to the shoulders, providing permanent shade for long horseback treks through the fields. My weekend’s mission is to taste and understand Chile’s chic new wine, the carmenere grape. It is almost extinct in the world, but thrives here in the Colchagua Valley. Pronounced car-men-air, it produces a red wine that is dark purple, smooth and versatile, with overtones of cherries and wild berries. I pull up in the quaint town square of Santa Cruz, the epicenter of the wine-tasting industry in Colchagua Valley. Here it is common to see children galloping through town on their ponies, ponchos flying behind them. Ten years ago, when I first visited Colchagua Valley, Santa Cruz was anonymous, like so many other towns in the rural ranchlands of Chile. It was home to weekend cowboys: wealthy landowners who worked in Santiago during the week and spent their weekends playing polo and having barbecues in the valley. They drank homebrewed cabernet sauvignon and merlot all weekend, and it was among this elite that the rumor began that Colchagua was going to be “the next Napa.” The allure of carmenere attracted an elite clique of vintners and winemakers seeking new vineyards and new tastes. Among them were winemakers such as Al-

wine cellar in the hagua on the map ten years ago. With the best • Hotel Santa Cruz’ pioneering luxury put Colc hinterland. Double are worth it—as long as you get out into the region and a top restaurant, the pricy rooms a Cruz; see hotelsantacruzplaza.cl. rooms from US$250. Plaza de Armas 286, Sant service and extras in a rural setting. It has relaxed, professional • Hacienda Lolol is located on the edge of town Santa Cruz-Lolol km 27. Phone (56-72) 941 308. such as half-day horse treks into the hills. Ruta living with extras just seven rooms, combining relaxed country • Casa Silva is a classic Chilean-style home with Fernand; see San cellar. Rooms from $US150. Hijuela Norte, such as a fine restaurant and a century-old wine casasilva.cl. acres of vineyards. te airstrip, pool and tennis courts set in 600 • Hotel La Playa is a boutique hotel with priva ya.com. no a Calleuque, Perallillo; see hotelvinalapla Rooms from $US150. Fundo San Jorge s/n, cami

DINING

trip to Colchagua widely considered a mandatory stop on any • Los Varietales at Hotel Plaza Santa Cruz is u. Plaza de country›s best wine selections and original men Valley, with impeccable service and one of the .cl. Armas 286, Santa Cruz; see hotelsantacruzplaza meats (from ranch on the edge of town, specializing in local l tiona tradi a in set is l Lolo • Restaurante Hacienda postct perfe ce. Rodeo events and tours of the ranch are beef to baby goat), slow food and relaxed servi 27, phone (56-72) 941 308. prandial activities. Ruta Santa Cruz-Lolol km local dishes with Viu t showing special attention to coordinating • La Llaveria at Viu Manent is a new restauran on rides. Carretera a smart gift shop, horseback riding and ballo Manent’s award-winning wines. It also has del Vino km 37, Cunaco; see viumanent.cl. elvino.cl urants and wine tours in the region is at rutad • For more information: A guide to hotels, resta

exandra Marnier, heir to the Gran Marnier liquor fortune, and Eric de Rothschild, a member of the French dynasty and owner of Los Vascos in Colchagua. They started snapping up properties and cultivating a new culture of winemaking in Chile. “Before [local winemakers] were producing wine like a commodity, big volumes,›› said Marnier as she stands on the roof of her new US$7 million wine cellar. “First you need much more sophisticated tools like stainless-steel tanks, better barrels. Second, everything begins in the vineyard. We started to plant on the hillsides, where the soil is poor and fewer grapes are produced.›› She lowered her voice, as if she were telling me a family secret. “Even the French realize that great wine doesn›t necessarily come from old wineries.›› Last year Wine Spectator named Marnier›s 2005 Clos Apalta, a mix of carmenere, merlot and cabernet from the Casa Lapostelle winery, the number one wine in the world. Now in 2011, award-winning harvests are in. A decade of French, Chilean and California maestros have worked out the kinks in the process, both pampering and punishing the grapes in a decade-long research and development project. The results, particularly in red wines, are now stunning the world. The man behind the renaissance is Carlos Cardoen, a gregarious local entrepreneur with a resume like James Bond. Cardoen made his fortune designing and selling cluster bombs. Photos of Cardoen with Saddam Hussein and Fidel Castro are no longer on display at his chic Hotel Santa Cruz. Colleagues say Cardoen was able to sketch a new bomb design on a table napkin, combining physics, chemistry and an artist›s sensitivity for blowing everything (and everyone) off the map. Today, Cardoen is a silver-haired country gentle-

man, living in his Chilean vineyard, investing millions of dollars in wine. He is the driving force behind the Colchagua wine renaissance—singlehandedly creating the Chilean equivalent of a Napa Valley for wine connoisseurs. His hotel, the Santa Cruz, has one of Chile›s most complete wine cellars and one of its finest restaurants. I meet Cardoen at the door of the Santa Cruz, dressed in local attire with his wide-brimmed hat, tightly fit vest and cowboy boots. He ushers me to the bar and introduces me to the latest Chilean reds, made of Carmenere. “Colchagua is ground zero for Carmenere,›› said Thomas Wilkins, founder of the local wine route. Wilkins explained how this noble grape emigrated from France and ended up thriving here in central Chile. The story begins in France in the 1860s when phyloxera, a tiny bug, developed a taste for grapevines. Within years, it had devoured the roots, destroying thousands of acres and eliminating entire vineyards. The only survivors from that epidemic, Wilkins explained, were clippings that had been shipped from France to Chile before the outbreak. Local winemakers can make merlot and cabernet sauvignon as well as anyone, but by blending Carmenere with cabernet they can create a wine unique to Chile. While Argentina has malbec and Australia has shiraz as national emblematic grapes, Wilkins sings the praise of Chile›s noble survivor, carmenere. I stayed in Santa Cruz for two nights. After eating perfect steaks, wandering around vineyards, listening to wine legends and absorbing the local pace of life, I feel as relaxed as if I›ve spent a week away from work and obligations. Driving back to Santiago, I see the horses, the buggies and the traffic and just smile. I›m not in a hurry any more. ILC

Almost well-read, a very Chilean take on nightlife and culture, every Tuesday on www.ilovechile.cl

OCTOBER 2011 / HEALTH

Good Mood Foods What we eat affects our energy levels, contributes to mood swings, anxiety and depression and our general sense of wellbeing. By Marcelle Dubruel

any different factors affect our moods. Heavy traffic on the way to work in the morning, a stressful meeting, an argument with a loved one, can all negatively affect our mood. Of course the opposite is also true: a popular song on the radio, a funny joke, a beautiful sunrise, can be uplifting. Similarly, the types of foods in our daily diet can also affect our mood. The food we eat is processed by the body to make the energy we need to function, and it also influences our brain chemistry. What we eat therefore affects our energy levels, contributes to mood swings, anxiety and depression and our general sense of wellbeing. Regular exercise and sufficient rest are also contributing factors to our overall wellbeing. If you are someone who experiences mood swings, wakes up in the mornings feeling groggy and illtempered, or find yourself continually reaching for yet another mug of coffee to help you get through the day, then watch out for your intake of sugar and other stimulants. Also, and very importantly, eating “little and often”, and combining carbohydrates with proteins will help smooth the impact on blood sugar, and will even out your energy levels throughout the day. All nerve impulses in the brain are carried between nerve cells by neurotransmitters. Low levels of specific neurotransmitters and brain chemicals have been linked to depression and anxiety. People who experience anxiety and depression and can’t face the day come Monday morning will benefit from a diet rich in the foods that support the synthesis of neurotransmitters. Good mood brain foods include:

• Trytophan (protein amino acid) found in bananas, turkey, cottage cheese and dried dates. • Vitamin B6 rich foods found in whole grain carbohydrates and shellfish. • Wholegrain carbohydrates. • Tyrosine (protein amino acid) found in almonds, avocados, bananas, cottage cheese, peanuts, pumpkin seeds and sesame seeds. • Vitamin B12, fish and dairy products. • Folic acid green leafy vegetables, eggs and brown rice. • Magnesium found in sunflower seeds and green leafy vegetables. Nutrient deficiencies have also been linked to depression and feeling low. There is a correlation between Zinc and the vitamin B family, especially vitamin B3. If you frequently feel moody, try including some zinc and vitamin B3 rich foods into your daily diet: • Zinc foods include: oysters, endives, alfalfa sprouts, seaweed, brown rice, asparagus, mushrooms and turkey. • Vitamin B3 foods include: fish, eggs, brewers yeast, whole grains poultry and green leafy vegetables. Beware of “mood stealers.” Alcohol, caffeine, nico-

GOOD MOOD FOOD MENU Breakfast

Tub of cottage cheese with sliced banana and crushed almonds. OR 1 slice rye toast with sliced banana and almond slivers. 1 mug green tea or hot water with slice of lemon or lime. Quick walk before work or open the window and do a few breathing exercises and stretches.

Morning snack

An apple or pear with a mixture of sunflower and pumpkin seeds. 1 glass of water and/or herbal tea

Lunch

Quinoa salad with stir-fried prawns and bok choi green leaves. OR whole-grain sandwich with sliced turkey, avocado and baby spinach leaves. 1 glass water and herbal tea Good walk back to office/walk around the park

Afternoon snack

Small handful of dried dates and pumpkin seeds.

Evening meal

Steamed or grilled fish/grilled turkey served on a bed of wild or brown rice with steamed asparagus, and a green salad.

Late night snack

If you find yourself raiding the fridge, go for a calcium and magnesium rich snack. These minerals are sometimes referred to as “nature’s tranquilizers” as they bring calm and tranquility to the nervous system. A small piece of cheese (calcium) with a few brazil nuts (magnesium).

Marcelle Dubruel

Nutritional therapist trained at the College of Naturopathic Medicine in London and registered with the British Association for Applied Nutrition and Nutritional Therapy. Contact Marcelle at: www.rootstovitality.com

tine, fizzy drinks and high sugar, processed foods rob the body of energy or interfere with natural energy production. These foods, together with stress, stimulate the production of the hormones adrenalin and cortisol by the adrenal glands. This sets off the “fight or flight” response where the liver releases stored glycogen, which in turn raises blood sugar, providing short term energy. In this state, the heart beats faster, lungs take in more air, and digestion is slowed down as blood is diverted from non-vital areas to where it will be of more use, like the legs. If adrenalin is constantly over-produced due to high intake of stimulant foods or stress, it may lead to general fatigue and malaise and experiencing flat and low moods.

Regular exercise helps manage stress by reducing the stress hormone cortisol, improving circulation and lifting the body’s energy levels. During exercise, hormone-like substances called endorphins are released and this can produce feelings of euphoria and a general state of wellbeing. Try including some at least a 20-minute brisk walk into your daily routine. Rest is just as important. Many of the ongoing cellular activities take place in our bodies when we are asleep. Make sure you are getting enough sleep. Feeling blue? Incorporate some of the good mood foods into your daily diet and eat less of the energy stealers. Go for a walk or join a dance class. Turn off the television and get your beauty sleep. Feel your overall sense of wellbeing improve. ILC

Get the latest news headlines everyday on www.ilovechile.cl

FAMOUS CHILEANS: GOURMET / OCTOBER 2011

Celebrating New Year’s

at the sea Four Fabulous Chilean Chefs O Photos: Foodychile.com http://Foodychile

.com

wh at ´ s

ver 20 tons of explosives are currently being shipped from Barcelona, Spain, to the San Antonio port in Chile. They were ordered by Mario Igual, the man in charge of one of the most extensive By Colin Bennett fireworks in the world. “New Years at the sea 2011” will illuminate 21 kilometres of Chile’s ant a to25 sample the long culinary vision of of Chile’s coast for minute spectacle light. best and brightest? Here are four Chilean chefs with are an air fame around them and and are The fireworks a of tradition since 1952 accompanied by engineered. a party that shuts down streets the restaurants they have and word draws over 1 million visitors toAuguste the ports and The chef comes from Frenchman beaches eachSystem December 31st. the show is Escoffier’s Brigade where the “chefWhile de cuisine” similar every means literally chief year, of the some kitchen.novelties It’s all partstraight of a rigidfrom the labs of Igual Pyrotechnics will surprise spectators and hierarchical system developed in France and exported in thethe first minutes of 2011. Initiated from 17 ships all around world, including to Chile. With militarylying atitanchor in the like precision sets the rules as tobays who’sof in Valparaiso, charge, so you,Viña del Mar and Concón, 30.000 explosions the patron, get fresh, delicious, inspired food. will light up the sky.modern-day The best chef views rumoured bethefrom the The is theare visionary behindto both promenades of Gervasoni, Yugoslavo, plates and the processes in a quality restaurant. TheyBarón also or 21 de Mayo. might be actively involved in the business end as well. So find a good restaurant with that right balance of ambiance The city of Valparaiso alone spent USD $200.000 on and cooking, delivered with good service and attention to last year’s red, white and blue fireworks theme. On detailthis andlast you’llday findof a chef thatthe made it happen. 2010, city’s bars and nightclubs So who’s to look for in Chile? Here four suggeswill open early, while the mainaresquare will be filled tionswith and the restaurants that they call home. live music until sunrise. Expect to be covered in confetti and embraces when the clock hits 00:01, but • the Axelcelebrations Manríquez really start three days in advance of the Executive Chef at the Bristol, whichcarnival is the partand of parade big moment, with a street Hotel Plaza San Francisco. His focus is on sourcing made up of actors, dancers, painters, musicians and ingredients and working them intofrom something oflocal course thousands of Chileans all over the completely new, even if it’s just bar food like fried country. “cochayoyu” (seaweed). He goes to great length to ingredients, Iffind youhiswant to go buying by car,directly make from surepotato to get there before trafficfisherman jams areinlikely growersnoon. in theAfter souththat, or artisan the to spoil the fun. A better idea is to take the bus, but reserve north. well in advance. The same goes for hotels • your Cocoseat Pacheco might be booked and Withapartments, three decades ofwhich cooking under already his belt, Coco out despite of the elevated Either Pacheco has built his name aroundprices. the immense va-way, the Valparaiso fireworks are His an resexperience riety of seafood that one at canthe find sea in Chile. not to be missed. Happy New Year! taurant, Aquí Está Coco (Coco is here), has been up

By Carolina Sipos

•

and running since 1973. Not even a fire burning it to the ground in 2008 has stopped him. Rebuilding it and incorporating the idea of sustainability into its rebirth, the new building is made up of recycled materials. Tomás Olivera Leiva Tomás Oliver Leiva worked his way up through the kitchen to his current position at Restaurant Casa Mar (Sea House). He’s taken several approaches that are very unorthodox in Chile. During his rise as a cook, he went from restaurant to restaurant, working one weekend at each in order to gain a versatile understanding of how to operate a kitchen. Today at Casa Mar he blends together traditional Chilean ingredients with his personal touch creating a unique blend of dishes. He offeres one of the few dining spots in Vitacura where you can find typical home-cooked dishes like “pantruca” or “valdiviano.” Rodolfo Guzmán One of Chile’s only examples of molecular gastronomy, his dishes are inspired by Chile’s land, both as a concept and in their appearance. His restaurant Boragó (Borage) features small “degustaciones” (tastings) that bring out local native ingredients in a minimalistic setting. Traveled and a young face, he picked up many of his techniques while working in Spain.

Colin Bennett is an editor, writer and guide with foodyChile. com, a blog and tourism website that offers food tips and tours in and around Santiago. Visit www.foodychile.com for more info.

Superior Service and Special Attention to all your Dental Procedures (Adult - Children - Orthodontics - Implants - Teeth Bleaching - Periodontics - Endodontics - Dental Radiographs)

We speak English and German Equipped with the latest technology Excellent location in Vitacura Plenty of parking on location

Do you cleanin know when to g The so your baby´ start s mou oner, t th? he bet teeth e ter! r with w upt, wipe th Before e e or bott t gauze after gum le feed breast ing. Th reduce ese b when t acteria leve will ls fo eeth Odonto erupt! Clín r ic lógica Hanke a .

Clínica odontológica Hanke Manquehue Norte 1931 - Vitacura - Phone: 242 14 00 / 219 31 98

www.clinicahanke.com

APPROVED SIMPLY BABY.indd 1

with OR h tax lable.

Simply Baby 100% Natural and Organic Frozen Baby Food Delivered Because your baby deserves the real thing. Now available in Organisk, Luis Pasteur, Vitacura. Contact: Bonnie@simplybaby Phone: 9594 7040 www.simplybaby.cl

R YOU… WE CARE FO visit us! if you care to

Clínica Quiropráctica

SIMPLY 07-10-11 BABY.indd15:17 2

07-10-11 15:17

ESTORIL 120 office 810 Las Condes (in front of Lider) www.quirodoc.com phone: 241-7308

dr.tello@quirodoc.com cell: 7897-2170

01-07-11 19:21 SIMPLY BABY.indd 5

07-10-11 15:17

Oddball Ex-Pat tax problems?

If you are an ex-pat with oddball tax problems OR an oddball ex-pat with tax problems, help is available. Call Ken Shields

66670525

Sin título-3 1 SIMPLY BABY.indd 4

Feeling Culture Shocked?

01-07-11 19:21 07-10-11 15:17

Learn the secrets of Chilean culture that every gringo needs to know with The Gringo’s Culture Guide to Chile. Available in paperback and instant ebook download. Get your copy at GringosCultureGuide.com

I LOVE CHILE RECOMMENDS

SIMPLY BABY.indd 8

07-10-11 15:17

TICKETS WITH NO SERVICE FEES ON TUESDAYS FROM 10 AM TO 12 PM AT ORIENTE THEATER BOX OFFICE. PEDRO DE VALDIVIA 099, PROVIDENCIA.

MOVISTAR ARENA | WEDNESDAY NOV 16 8PM TH

DISCOUNTS ARE NOT CUMULATIVE