Ip november december 2014 tamil by Indian Diplomacy

,e;jpa juprdk; n

n etk;gH-brk;gH

2014

cyfj;jpw;fhd ,e;jpa fhH njhopy;El;gk;

Kd;Ndw;wk;;

nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

mjpAaH nuapy;Nt ghyk;

,e;jpahtpd; Njthyaq;fs;

fjk;gk; ,e;jpah KOtJk; elf;fTs;s epfo;Tfs; jpiug;gl tpoh ,e;jpa jpiug;glq;fs; gpupthy; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLk; ,e;jpa rHtNjr jpiug;gl tpoh (IFFI)> jpiug;glk; vLf;Fk; fiyiag; ghHf;fTk;> ghuhl;lTk;> fw;Wf;nfhs;sTk; jpiug;gl ,af;FeHfSf;Fk; jpiug;gl MHtyHfSf;Fk; xU muq;fkhf tpsq;FfpwJ. ,e;j tUlk; ,J> jpiug;gl jpiuaply;fs; kw;Wk; njhlHghd fye;Jiuahly;fSld; mikAk; ,e;j tpohtpd; 45tJ gjpg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. vg;NghJ: etk;gH 20-30 vq;Nf: Nfhth

/g+l;nuf; ,e;jpah

uhd; cw;rtk;

rHtNjr /g+l;nuf; ,e;jpahtpd; xd;gjhtJ gjpg;ghdJ mz;ika njhopy;El;gq;fs;> nra;Ak; tpjq;fs; kw;Wk; tpahghu mgptpUj;jpj; njupTfs; Mfpait gw;wpa fye;JiuahlYf;F czT kw;Wk; ghdk; ifj;njhopw;Jiwf;fhd xU muq;fkhFk;. ,e;j tUlk; 45 ehLfisr; NrHe;j 11>500-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;NlhH ,e;jf; fz;fhl;rpapy; gq;Fgw;wTs;sdH.

uhd; cw;rt fhyj;jpy;> F[uhj;jpYs;s ntz;kzy; ghiytdkhd Fr;rpd; moiff; nfhz;lhLq;fs;. ,ir kw;Wk; eldj; jpUtpohthd ,ij> ghuk;gupa eldk;> fyhr;rhur; nraw;ghl;L epfo;r;rpfs;> xl;lfg; gpuahzk; kw;Wk; If;fpa $lhuq;fs; Nghd;w gy nraw;ghLfSld; F[uhj; cy;yhrg; gpuahzj; Jiw Vw;ghL nra;fpwJ. vg;NghJ: 2014 brk;gH 1 njhlf;fk;

2015 khHr; 7 tiu vq;Nf: Fr;> F[uhj;

vg;NghJ: etk;gH 14-16 vq;Nf: Kk;ig> kfhuh\;l;uh

,e;jpa Xtpaj; jpUtpoh ,e;jpa Xtpaj; jpUtpoh vd;gJ ,e;jpaf; fiyfis Kd;Ndw;Wk; xU Nkil. 70-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Xtpaj; njhFg;GfSk; 1000 jdpj;jdpahd XtpaHfSk; gq;Fgw;WthHfs;. ,e;j tpohtpd; Nehf;fk;> mz;ikf; fhyq;fspy; etPd> Ez; kw;Wk; rkfhy fiyapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; ngWkjpiaAk; Kd;Df;Ff; nfhz;LtUtjhFk;. vg;NghJ: etk;gH 27-30 vq;Nf: Kk;ig> kfhuh\;l;uh

,e;jpa rHtNjr tzpfg; nghUl;fhl;rp ,e;jpa rHtNjr tzpfg; nghUl;fhl;rpNa (IITF) ,e;jpahtpd; kpfg;ngupa EfHNthH nghUl;fs; fz;fhl;rp MFk;. xt;nthU tUlKk; rpWtH jpdj;jd;W njhlf;fg;gLk; ,f;fz;fhl;rpapy; cynfq;Fk; ,Ue;J tUgtHfs; gy;NtW cw;gj;jpg; nghUl;fisf; fhl;rpf;F itf;fpd;wdH. ,e;j tUlj;jpd; fUg;nghUs;: ngz; njhopy;KidNthH. vg;NghJ: etk;gH 14-27 vq;Nf: GJnly;yp

#lhd fhw;W gY}d; jpUtpoh; #lhd fhw;W gY}d; jpUtpohf; fhyj;jpy;> nropg;ghd gRe; jiufspy; mkHe;J Xa;ntLj;jgb> cq;fSf;F Nkyhf kpje;Jnry;Yk; tz;zkakhd #lhd fhw;W gY}d;fisg; ghHj;J urpAq;fs;. my;yJ mjpy; xd;wpy; Vwpr; rthup nra;Aq;fs;! ,e;j epfo;T fHehlfhtpd; %d;W ntt;NtW gFjpfspy;> mjhtJ ik#H> `k;gp kw;Wk; gpjhH> eilngWk;. vg;NghJ: 2014 brk;gH njhlf;fk;

2015 adtup tiu vq;Nf: fHehlfh

Kd;Diu ,e;jpahtpd; gykpf;f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; cl;fl;likg;G Mw;wypy; nfhz;bUf;Fk; tYthd ek;gpf;ifia kPstypAWj;Jk; tpjj;jpy;> gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb mz;ikapy; “Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah" (",e;jpahtpy; jahupf;fpNwhk;") vd;w jpl;lj;ijj; njhlf;fpAs;shH> ,J ,e;jpahit cyf epWtdq;fs; xU cw;gj;jp ikakhf ,yf;F itf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gijf; Fwpf;Nfhshff; nfhz;Ls;sJ. nrg;uk;gH khjj;jpy; rPd [dhjpgjp ]p [pd;gpq; ,e;jpahtpw;F Nkw;nfhz;l tp[ak; gy rhj;jpaf;$WfSf;F -nghUshjhu> r%f kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu uPjpapy;- fjitj; jpwe;J tpl;Ls;sJ. Neghsj;jpy; elf;fTs;s rhHf; (SAARC) cr;rpkhehl;ilAk; $l cw;WNehf;FfpNwhk;> mjd; Fwpf;Nfhs; gy;NtW kl;lq;fspYs;s $l;Lwtpw;F Mw;wyspg;gjhFk;. ej;jhH tuTs;sijapl;L> ehl;bYs;s xU rpy gpugykhd Njthyaq;fis mwpKfk; nra;fpNwhk;. Mlk;guj;JlDk; mjPj MHtj;JlDk; nfhz;lhl;lq;fis elhj;Jtjw;Fg; ngaHngw;Ws;s> ,e;jpahtpd; Gj;jk;GJ khepykhd njYq;fhdhtpd; jpUtpohf;fs; gw;wpAk; $l ,e;j ntspaPl;by; vOJfpNwhk;. etk;gH 22-29 jpfjpfspy; 8tJ kzpg;Gup NghNyh ,d;uHe\diy xl;b> ,e;jg; ghuk;gupa tpisahl;bd; gpd;dhYs;s trPfupf;fpd;w fijiaj; Njbf; fz;Lgpbf;fpNwhk;. Foe;ijfs; jpdkhff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;w> ,e;jpahtpd; KjyhtJ gpujk ke;jpup [t`Hyhy; NeUtpd; gpwe;jehisf; Fwpf;Fk; Kfkhf> gy tUlfhykhf ,e;jpa jghy; jpizf;fsj;jhy; mq;FuhHg;gzk; nra;ag;gl;l Kf;fpa Kj;jpiufisg; gw;wpj; jUfpNwhk;. gy tUlq;fshf ,e;jpa gzj; jhs;fs; vg;gbnay;yhk; gupzhkk; ngw;Ws;sd vd;gijg; gw;wpa rpwg;Gf; fl;Liu thrpg;gjw;F Rthu];aj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. adtup khjj;jpy; elf;Fk; kfu rq;fuhe;jp (ij gpwg;G) fhyj;jpy; gl;lk; Vw;Wjy; gw;wpa fijapy; ,e;jpahtpd; fyhr;rhur; nrOik fhl;lg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpah ngUik nfhs;tjw;F NkYk; gy fhuzq;fs; cs;sd. vq;fSila ehL> 2020-f;F Kd;dH cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa jhdpaf;fg; gpupT Vw;Wkjpahsuhf cUntLf;f jahuhf cs;sJ. ,d;ndhU rhjidahf> fh\;kPH gs;sj;jhf;fpYs;s Nrdhg; Mw;wpd; kPJ fl;lg;gl;Ls;s cyfpd; kpfTaHe;j Gifapujg; ghij mike;Js;sJ. uh\;l;ugjp gtdpy; xU Gjpa mUk;nghUl;fhl;rpafk; cs;sJ> ,q;F gy tUlq;fshf ,e;jpa [dhjpgjpfSf;F guprhf mspf;fg;gl;l nraw;ifg; nghUl;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. vq;fSila filrp ntspaPl;il kPsha;T nra;fpNwhk;> mJ ,e;jpa ,uhZtj;jpdUf;fhd kupahijahf cynfq;FKs;s ,e;jpa NghH epidthyaq;fisg; gl;baypLfpwJ. NkYk;> ntsptptfhu mikr;rpd; nghJkf;fs; nrayhz;ikj;jpwdpd; Kjy; Kaw;rpahf tUk; Mtz ehlfkhd ehl;baDgth vd;gijg; gw;wpAk; Muha;fpNwhk;. mNjhL> FJg; kpdhiu Nehf;fpapUf;fpd;w> nk`;uhyp njhy;nghUspay; g+q;fhtpYs;s mjpf vOr;rpiaj; J}z;Lk; ghuk;gupa fl;llq;fs; Fwpj;j vq;fSila tptupg;igAk; jtwtplhjPHfs;.

,e;j

jupr

dk;

etk

;gH-b

rk;g

2014

iraj; mf;gUjPd;

cy fhH fj;jpw;f njho hd py;E ,e;jpa l;gk ;

mjpA dw;wk ; aH nuap y;Nt

ghyk ;

nfhz

;lhl ,e;j ;lq paht pd; Nj ;fs; thya q;fs ;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

,e;jpa juprdk;

njhFjp 28 n ntspaPL 5 n etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

MrpupaH: iraj; mf;gUjpd; cjtp MrpupaH: epfpNy\; bf;\pj; ntsptptfhu mikr;R miw ,y. 152> ~V| gpupT> rh];jpup gtd;> GJby;yp- 110001, ,e;jpah njh.: 91.11.23383316> njhiyefy;.: 91.11.23384663 ,izak;: http://www.indiandiplomacy.in fUj;J my;yJ Nfs;tpfspw;F: osdpd2@mea.gov.in

khf;];NghrH kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; gpuRupg;gtH kw;Wk; jiyik eltbf;if mjpfhup: tpfh]; N[h`up jiyik epHthfp kw;Wk; epHthfg; gzpg;ghsH: gpufh\; N[h`up epiwNtw;W MrpupaH: nrsug; jq;fh jiyik mYtyfk; khf;n]f;]N ; ghrH kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; gpupT ,y. v/g;2gP> ,uz;lhtJ khb> MIRA NfhHg;gNul; #l;]>; pGnshl; ,y. 1&2> ,\;thH efH> kJuh rhiy> GJby;yp – 110065, ,e;jpah njh: +91.11.43011111 > njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199

CIN No: U22229DL2006PTC152087 fUj;J my;yJ Nfs;tpfspw;F:

indiaperspectives@maxposure.in Nfs;tpfspw;F | MMGIPL njh: +91.11.43011111 njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199 www.maxposure.in

,e;jpa juprdk; mNugpa> g`r ,e;NjhNdrpa> Mq;fpy> gpnuQ;R> N[Hkdpa> ,e;jp> ,j;jhypa> gh\;Nuh> ghurPf> NghHj;Jf;Nfa> u\pa> rpq;fs> ];ghdpa kw;Wk; jkpo; Mfpa nkhopfspy; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; GJby;yp> miw ,y. 152> ~V| gpupT> rh];jpup gtd;> GJby;yp- 110001 ,Ys;s ntsptptfhu mikr;rpd; $l;Lr; nrayhsUk; cj;jpNahfg+Ht Ngr;rhsUkhd iraj; mf;gUjpd; vd;gtuhy; mr;rplg;gl;L ntspaplg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; ,J MaXposure kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; (MMGIPL)> gpupT ,y. v/g;2gP> ,uz;lhtJ khb> MIRA NfhHg;gNul; #l;]>; Gnshl; ,y. 1&2> ,\;thH efH> kJuh rhiy> GJby;yp – 110065> ,e;jpahtpy; ntspaplg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; xU tUlj;jpy; MW jlitfs; ntspaplg;gLfpwJ. midj;J cupikfSk; ghJfhf;fg;gl;lit. ,jpYs;s vOj;jhf;fk;> glNtiy kw;Wk;/my;yJ Gifg;glj;ij ‘,e;jpa juprdj;jpw;F” ed;wp njuptpj;J cgNahfpf;fyhk; my;yJ kW mr;rplyhk;. ,.nt.m kw;Wk; MMGIPL Mfpait kdkhuf; nfhLf;fg;gl;l nghUl;fs;> ifnaOj;Jg; gpujpfs;> Gifg;glq;fs;> glNtiy> xspa+LUT glq;fs; my;yJ kw;iwa nghUl;fspd; ,og;gpw;F nghWg;ig Vw;Wf;nfhs;s khl;lh. ,r;rQ;rpifapy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; fUj;Jfs; ,.nt.m my;yJ MMGIPL ,d; fUj;Jf;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy.

vq;fisg; gpd;gw;Wq;fs;: http://www.facebook.com/MEA http://www.twitter.com/MEA http://www.youtube.com/MEA ,e;jpa juprdj;jpd; gpujpnahd;iwg; ngWtjw;F mUfhikapYs;s ,e;jpa ,uhaje;jpu J}jufj;ijj; njhlHGnfhs;sTk;.

nghUslf;fk;

12 68

GJik GFj;jy; vjpHfhy cyfshtpa cw;gj;jp ikak;.............06 GJik GFj;jy; cyfj;jpw;fhf ,e;jpahtpy; jahupf;fpNwhk;........08 $l;L tpahghuk;; $l;Lwtpd; GjpaNjhH mj;jpahak;.........................12 $l;L tpahghuk; MGC cj;Ntfj;ijg; ngWfpwJ.............................14 $l;L tpahghuk; khw;wj;jpw;fhd jUzk;...............................................16 kupahij Mrdq;fs; kw;Wk itj;jpaj;jpd; Mrhd;.................................................19 kupahij Foe;ijg;gUtj;ijf; nfhz;lhLjy;......................22 fyhrhuk; ghuk;gupa czu;Tf;Fg; Gj;Jap&l;ly;..................24 fyhrhuk; gl;lq;fs; caug; gwf;Fk; NghJ............................28 gpuahzk; Gdpj Kf;Nfhzk;.;.........................................................32

kjpg;gha;T ,e;jpahtpd; Jzpe;j cs;sq;fis epidT$Ujy;.................................................................52 kjpg;gha;T eldj;jpd; fhl;rpf; ftpij........................................55 Kd;Ndw;wk; kj;jpa fpof;if tYt+l;Ljy;..................................56 Kd;Ndw;wk; nty;y ,ayhj gRikahd kiyfis ntw;wpnfhs;Sjy;.........................................................58 ghuk;gupak; uh\;l;ugjp gtdpd; epfo;r;rpj; njhlH tuyhW...62 ghuk;gupak; kzpg;Gup NghNyh elf;fpwJ typikahf elf;fpwJ...........................................................................68 nfhz;lhl;lq;fs; fpwp];J> Njthyak; kw;Wk; ej;jhH......................72 rhjid mjprag; ngz;fs;.........................................................77 tuyhW &gha; vg;gb Gof;fj;jpy; te;jJ?..........................80

ghuhl;L ,d;dpirf; Fapiy nfsutpj;jy;;..........................37

Kf;fpa ikak; eWkzj; jputpaf; flw;fiuiaf; fl;bnaOg;Gjy;..............................................................84

];dhg;n~hl;fs; fl;llf;fiyj; jpwikapd; kuGr;nrhj;J..............38

ciuahly; Ntfkhd xOq;ifapy;; thfdk; nrYj;Jjy;.......88

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

GJik GFj;jy;

vjpHfhy cyfshtpa

cw;gj;jp ikak;

gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb> Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah (,e;jpahtpy; jahupf;fpNwhk;) vd;w jpl;lj;ijj; njhlf;fpitj;J> ,q;Fs;s KjyPl;L rhj;jpaf;$Wfis MuhAkhW cyfshtpa cw;gj;jpahsHfis mioj;Js;sjhy; ,e;jpahtpy; tpahghuk; nra;tJ ,yFthfpAs;sJ ciu | ka+up KfH[p

,e;jpa tuyhw;Wf;F mwpKfk; NjitNa ,y;iy. ,J 1990fspy; nghUshjhur; jhuhskhf;fYld; njhlq;fpaJ> ,J tsHr;rp tPjq;fisj; J}z;btpl;lJ> GjpanjhU eLj;ju tFg;igj; Njhw;Wtpj;J> Mapuf;fzf;fhNdhiu juq;Fiwe;j tWikapypUe;J tpLtpj;jJ. fpl;lj;jl;l Kg;gJ tUlq;fSf;Fg; gpwF> me;j tuyhw;iw cw;gj;jp> typik kw;Wk; Njrpag; ngUik Mfpatw;iwr; irifapy; Fwpg;gpLfpd;w tpjj;jpy; gw;rf;fuq;fshy; mike;j ePz;l mbnaLj;J itf;Fk; rpq;fj;ij mjd; NyhNfhthff; nfhz;l> Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah vd;w GjpanjhU mj;jpahaj;ij cgNahfpj;J me;jf; fijf;F Gj;Japuspg;gjw;Fupa Neuk; ,JthFk;. gpujk ke;jpup jpU eNue;jpu Nkhbahy; Mo;e;J rpe;jpf;fg;gl;l ,e;j Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah jpl;lk;> ehl;il xU cyfshtpa cw;gj;jp ikakhf khw;Wtjw;F ,e;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; nray;jpl;lkhFk;. ,j;jifanjhU jpl;lj;jpw;F ,e;jpah gpuj;jpNafkhd epiyapy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ: ,jd; ngupa>

Kjd;ikahf ,sk; kw;Wk; ngUk;ghYk; fy;tpa+l;lg;gl;l rdj;njhif xU jdpr;rpwg;ghd CopaHgilia cUthf;FfpwJ> ,g;gil jpwik ngw;Ws;sJ kw;Wk; kypthdnjhU Cjpaj;jpy; thliff;F mkHj;jf; fpilf;fpwJ. ,d;ndhU tifapy; $wpdhy;> mtHfs; xU ngupa EfHNthH re;ijiag; Nghy gfpHe;J nfhs;fpwhHfs;. rpf;fiyf; Fiwg;gjw;F Gjpa cupkk; ,y;yhjjhf;Fjy; kw;Wk; xOq;F ,y;yhjjhf;Fjy; eltbf;iffis mwpKfk; nra;jypd; %yKk;> Ntfj;ijAk;> xspTkiwtpd;ikiaAk; fzprkhf mjpfupg;gjd; %yKk; KjyPl;bw;F trjpnra;tJ> GJikGFj;jiy Cf;Ftpg;gJ> mwpTrhHe;j nrhj;ijg; ghJfhg;gJ kw;Wk; kpfr;rpwe;j jukhd cw;gj;jp cl;fl;likg;ig mikg;gJ Nghd;wtw;wpw;F Kjw;fl;l Kaw;rpfs; tbtikf;fg;gLfpd;wd. NkYk;> GJikGFj;jYf;fhf ,e;jpahtpd; cw;gj;jp cl;fl;likg;Gk;> Mw;wYk; mw;Gjkhd tsHr;rpf;fhf rkepiyapy; itf;fg;gLfpd;wd:

Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah NyhNfh ,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

,e;jpahtpd; 68-tJ Rje;jpu jpdj;jd;W> ,e;jpa gpujkH jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb> “fk;> Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah"Tf;F cyfj;ij miof;fpwhH

Gjpa tpidj;jpwkhd efuq;fs; kw;Wk; cl;fl;likg;Gld; tYthd nghUshjhu mbj;jsj;ij ifj;njhopw;Jiwf; $l;lq;fs;> njhFj;jtupiriaf; cUthf;f tpisfpwJ. DMIC MdJ KJnfYk;ghf nfhz;bUf;Fk; milahsq;fzg;gl;l ifj;njhopw;Jiw 1483 fp.kP ePskhd> caH Mw;wYs;s Nkw;F ruf;F nfhupNlhH mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gLjy;> ,isQHfisf; Nghf;Ftuj;J nuapy;Nt jpl;lj;ij (nlbNfw;wl; fUj;jpy;nfhz;l Gjpa jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; nuapy;Nt /gpupw; nfhupNlhH (DFC)) gad;gLj;jp xU mgptpUj;jpailAk; NjHr;rpngw;w jpwikfSf;nfd cyfshtpa cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; KjyPl;L ,yf;fplkhf mHg;gzpf;fg;gl;l epWtdq;fs;. kpf Kf;fpakhf> mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;L tUfpwJ. Nehf;fk; ,e;jj; jpl;lk; MdJ KjyPl;lhsHfSld; ,e;jpah vd;dntd;why; ehl;bd; GDP-,y; cw;gj;jpapd; gq;if vg;gb njhlHGgLfpwJ vd;gjpYs;s mjpfupg;gJk;> cw;gj;jp vd;gNj xU kdg;ghq;F uPjpahd khw;wj;ijr; Kf;fpa nghUshjhu ,af;fpahf Rl;bf;fhl;LfpwJ: mjhtJ> ,Uf;fg;NghFk; rpwe;j epiyj;Jepw;Fk; ,e;jj; jpl;lk; MdJ mDkjpia toq;Fk; mjpfhukhf efuq;fis cUthf;FtJk; MFk;. KjyPll ; hsHfSld; ,y;yhky;> xU cz;ikahd khw;wq;fisf; nfhz;LtUtjd; ,e;jpah vg;gb tpahghuf; $l;lhspahf ,Ug;gJ. %yk;> GJik GFj;JgtHfspdJk; gilg;ghspfspdJk; mwpTuPjpahd njhlHGgLfpwJ gpujkH www.makeinindia.com nrhj;J (IP) cupikfisg; vd;w ,izaj;jsj;ijj; njhlf;fp vd;gjpYs;s xU ghJfhg;gjw;fhd xU rhjfkhd itj;jhH> ,J Xl;Nlhnkhigy;fs;> kdg;ghq;F uPjpahd #oiy cUthf;Ftjw;F> ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp> tpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;J> khw;wj;ijr; murhq;fk; gy rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;if capupj; njhopy;El;gk;> ,urhadg; kl;l Kd;Kaw;rpfis vLj;Js;sJ. nghUl;fs;> fl;Lkhdk;> kpd;dpae;jpu Rl;bf;fhl;LfpwJ: ,NjhL> ehl;by; mwpTuPjpahd rhjdq;fs;> czT gjg;gLj;jy;> mjhtJ> mDkjpia nrhj;J mYtyfq;fspy; ghJfhg;G cw;gj;jp> IT kw;Wk; BPM> toq;Fk; mjpfhukhf nraw;ghl;by; cl;fl;likg;igj; Njhy;> nuapy;Nt> ey;tho;T... Nghd;w juKaHj;Jjy;> Mw;wiyf; gy;NtW gpupTfs; gw;wp MuhAkhW ,y;yhky;> xU fl;bnafOg;Gjy; kw;Wk; jiyrpwe;j vjpHfhy KjyPl;lhsHfSf;Fj; cz;ikahd njhopy;El;gj;ij cgNahfpj;jy; njuptpf;fpwJ. by;yp-Kk;ig tpahghuf; Mfpatw;wpd; %yk; Kd;Ndw;wkhd ifj;njhopw;Jiw ,iltop (DMIC) Nrit toq;Fjy; kPJ gpuj;jpNafkhd $l;lhspahf ,Ug;gJ Nghd;w jw;fhy Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs;> ftdk; nrYj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j KPMG-,d; 100 mjp$ba GJikahd eltbf;ifahdJ ehl;bw;Fs; cyfshtpa Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspy; IP epHthfj;jpy; tpiue;J elf;Fk; khw;wq;fis cyfpd; mjp$ba GJikahdJk; J} z;Ljyspg;gJkhd cl;fl;likg;G Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspy; tpistpj;Js;sJ. Nkhb murhq;fkhdJ ,uz;lhk; jiyKiw xd;whf Kjd;ikg;gLj;jpf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ> ,e;jpa rPHjpUj;jq;fisf; nfhz;L tUtjhy;> ,j;jpl;lkhdJ cs;ehl;L tHj;jfj;ijr; cynfq;FKs;s KjyPl;lhsHfs; fk;> Nkf; ,d; nraw;gLj;jTk;> KjyPLfis mjpfupf;fTk; ,e;jpahTf;Fk;> cyfshtpa ehisa kpd;dpiyaj;jpy; kw;Wk; epiyahd mgptpUj;jpia milaTk; xU KjyPL nra;tjw;Fk; nghd; tha;g;igg; ngWfpd;wdH. cyfshtpa Nghl;bf;Fupa #oy; kw;Wk; jiyrpwe;j

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

GJik GFj;jy;

cyfj;jpw;fhf ,e;jpahtpy;

jahupf;fpNwhk; ehlhdJ jdJ fhH Jiw Vw;Wkjpfis ,ul;bg;ghf;fTk;> 2020 Mk; tUlj;jpw;F Kd;dH cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa Vw;Wkjpahsuhf vOr;rpngwTk; jahuhFtjhy;> ,e;jpa fhH Jiwapd; kdepiy kfpo;r;rpahf cs;sJ ciu | fgPH ~Hkh

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

nrd;w tUlk; cynfq;Fk; RkhH MW ,yl;rk; ,e;jpahtpypUe;J mDg;Gtij tpl fzprkhff; NgUf;F Gj;jk; Gjpa fhHfspd; jpwg;Gfs;> nuh]; FiwT vd;w cz;ikAk; NrHe;Jnfhs;fpwJ. Nghlg;gl;L (Rz;bnawpag;gl;L) nfhLf;fg;gl;ld> mjpf Kf;fpakhf> ",e;jpahtpy; ntw;wpfukhfTs;s mtHfspd; gsgsg;ghd fhHfis tplr; rpwe;jij xU fhiu ePq;fs; jahupj;jhy;> ,J ve;j ,lj;jpYk; mtHfs; tPl;bw;Ff; nfhz;L nrd;wdH vd;gJ nray;GupAk;" vd;W ,e;j tsHr;rpapd; ikaj;jpy; cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? ,e;j gyj;j ek;gpf;ifAs;sJ. ,e;jpa thbf;ifahsHfspy; xt;nthUtUk; EfHNthHfSf;Fk;> njd;fpof;F ,e;jpah jdJ |Nkl; ,d; ,e;jpah| (|,e;jpahtpy; Mrpah> njd;dhgpupf;fh kw;Wk; rPdh jahupf;fg;gl;lJ|) vd;W vOjpj; Mfpa ehl;L EfHNthHfSf;Fk; Vw;Wkjpfis 24 njhq;ftpl;l ehlhTld; fhiu Xl;br; ,ilapy; nghJthd elj;ijapy; gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nrd;wdH. cs;sd vd;w ek;gpf;if xU nlhyHfSf;F 2020 Mk; tUlj;jpw;F Kd;> ,e;jpah fw;wypypUe;J te;Js;sJ. ,e;j jdJ fhH Jiw Vw;Wkjpfis 12 ek;gpf;ifahdJ> ,e;jpahtpw;nfd;Nw ,ul;bg;ghf;fTk;> 2020 gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfspypUe;J 90 tiuahd rjtPj fhHfisj; Mk; tUlj;jpw;F 24 gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfshf jahupf;fpd;w my;yJ ngupa fhH Kd;dH cyfpd; ,ul;bg;ghf;fp> cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa nkhly;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; cyfshtpa Vw;Wkjpahsuhf vOr;rpngw muq;Nfw;wq;fisr; nra;fpd;wd kpfg;ngupa vjpHghHf;fpwJ. vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;w n`hz;lh Vw;Wkjpahsuhf jw;NghJ ,e;jpar; re;ijia Nghd;w fhH cw;gj;jpahsHfis vOr;rpngwTk; xU rpW fhH cw;gj;jp ikakhf tpistpj;Js;sJ. vjpHghHf;fpwJ Mf;Fk; fhuzpfs; - cw;gj;jpf;fhd ,e;jpahtpd; cs;ehl;Lj; jahupg;gpd; msTNfhypd; rpf;fdq;fs;> ghupa jpwd;fspy; ek;gpf;if thf;nfLg;ghdJ cs;ehl;Lr; re;ij> nghwpapayhsHfs; nrhFR fhH cw;gj;jpahsHfsplkpUe;J kw;Wk; njhopyhsHfs; fpilf;Fk; jd;ik. te;Js;sJ. nkHrpb];-ngd;];> BMW kw;Wk; Mb ,tw;Wld;> njd;fpof;F Mrpahtpd; kpfg;ngupa Mfpait mtw;wpd; ,yhf;fhtpy; ngUk;ghd;ikia Xl;Nlhnkhigy; ,z;l];l;upahd jha;yhe;jpypUe;J ,e;jpahtpy; cw;gj;jp nra;fpd;wd> Mdhy; EioT fg;gy; ruf;F mDg;gPl;Lf;F vLf;Fk; Neuk;> epiyapy; jahupg;GfSf;F tiuaiw vJTk;

2014 epjpahz;by; ,e;jpahtpypUe;J Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gl;l rpwe;j 10 fhHfs; 109,074 units

78,383 units

Hyundai i10

Nissan Micra

45,193 units

59,789 units

Maruti Suzuki A-Star/ Celerio

Hyundai i20 37,730 units

32,017 units

Nissan Sunny

VW Vento

28,304 units

29,107 units

Ford Figo

Hyundai Accent

20,858 units Maruti Alto

19,296 units Hyundai Eon glq;fSf;F ed;wp: ,e;jpa Xl;Nlhnkhigy; cw;gj;jpahsHfs; rq;fk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

GJik GFj;jy;

,e;jpahtpYs;s gpujhd cw;gj;jp ikaq;fs; VW VENTO

PUNE

CHENNAI HYUNDAI i20

MERCEDES BENZ

NISSAN MICRA

TATA NANO FIAT PALIO ,lg;gltpy;iy. nkHrpb];-ngd;]; epWtdk; S-fpsh]; nrld;fis cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; mNjNtis> BMW MdJ 5-rPup]; kw;Wk; X5 SUV Mfpatw;iwAk;> Mb MdJ A6-IAk; jahupf;fpd;wd.

,e;jpahtpypUe;J cyfj;jpw;F fle;j gjpide;J tUlq;fshf> k`pe;j;uh mz;l; k`pe;j;uhtpd; rhq;ahq; kw;Wk; lhlh Nkhl;lH]pd; [hf;FthH yhz;l; NuhtH Nghd;w cyfshtpa Jiz epWtdq;fis Vw;Wf;nfhs;sy; vd;gJ> cyfk; ,e;jpahit xU cw;gj;jp ikakhf kl;Lkd;wp mjpYk; Nkyhff; fUjj; njhlq;fptpl;lJ vd;W nghUs;gLfpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

XUV 500 (njd;dhgpupf;fhtpy; ghupa re;ijiag; ngw;Ws;sJ) kw;Wk; k`pe;j;uh ];NfhHgpNah Mfpait ,e;jpahTf;F ntspapy; Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLk; mNjNtis> lhl;lh epWtdk; kw;w nkhly;fs; jtpu> ,lJ ifahy; Xl;Lk; cUtikg;gpy; Mupah kw;Wk; ehNdh Mfpatw;iw INuhg;ghtpw;F Vw;Wkjp nra;fpwJ.

`PNuhf;fs; nrhFR cw;gj;jpahsHfs;> ,e;jpahtpd; jpwikfspYk;> ,e;jpa epWtdq;fshy; cyfshtpa Jiz epWtdq;fspd; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sypYk; nrhFR cw;gj;jpahsHfs; ek;gpf;ifia ntspg;gLj;jpdhYk; $l> tuyhw;wpd; `PNuhf;fs; kw;wtHfs;.

,e;jpahtpd; ,uz;lhtJ ngupa fhH Kd;nry;Yk; top cw;gj;jpahsuhd `{z;lha; epWtdk;> 45 rjtPj `_z;lha; epWtdk; ,e;jpahtpw;F ntspapy; mjd; gq;Fld; ehl;bd; kpfg;ngupa fhH Vw;Wkjpahsuhf cyf eltbf;iffSf;fhd ,ae;jpuq;fis Mf;f ,Uf;fpwJ. cz;ikapy;> jw;NghJ ,jd; nrd;idj; jpl;lkpLtjhfTk;> ,NjNtis /NghHl; epWtdk; njhopw;rhiy 100-f;F Nkw;gl;l fhH tbtq;fis Mrpa grpgpf; kw;Wk; Mgpupf;f ehLfSf;fhd xU cw;gj;jp nra;fpwJ> mit cynfq;Fk; 120-f;Fk; cw;gj;jp ikakhf ,e;jpahitf; ftdpg;gjhfTk; Nkw;gl;l ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ifj;njhopw;Jiwapy; ,Ug;gtHfs; fUj;Jf; ,jd; ,yhf;fh> mf;rz;l; kw;Wk; ,Nahd; jtpu> $Wfpd;wdH. Nthy;f;];Ntfd; jdJ nkhj;j i10 kw;Wk; i20 (KiwNa ,e;jpahtpw;F ntspapy; cyf cw;gj;jpapy; 70 tPjk; tiu fhHfis Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLk; kpfg;ngupa kw;Wk; %d;whtJ ,e;jpahtpypUe;J jahupg;gjw;fhf cw;gj;jpiag; ngupa fhH) Mfpatw;iwAk; cs;slf;FfpwJ. ngUf;f Muha;e;J tUfpwJ. ,jw;fpilapy;> R#fp ,d;ndhU tifapy;> khUjp R#fp epWtdk; kw;iwa epWtdk; kj;jpa fpof;F> Mgpupf;fh> ,yj;jPd; re;ijfSf;F A-];uhH> my;Nuh mnkupf;fh kw;Wk; njd;fpof;F kw;Wk; VHupfh Nghd;wtw;iw Vw;Wkjp Mrpah Mfpatw;Wf;Fupa mjd; nra;fpwJ. ,e;jpar; re;ijapy; xU KO Vw;Wkjp eltbf;iffisAk; ,e; j pahtpd; kl;Lg;gLj;jpa ntw;wpiag; ngw;Ws;s 2015 khHr; khjj;jpw;F Kd;dH cs;ehl;Lj; jahupg;gpd; ep]hd; epWtdk;> jkpo;ehl;bYs;s ,e;jpahtpw;F khw;wTs;sJ. ,jd; njhopw;rhiyapd; nkhj;j jpwd;fspy; ek;gpf;if msTNfhypd; rpf;fdq;fs;> cw;gj;jpapy; 85 rjtPjj;ij Vw;Wkjp fl;Lg;ghlhd gzpahsH gil kw;Wk; thf; n fLg; g hdJ nra;fpwJ. NkYk; nrd;w tUlk; Mjuthd murhq;ff; nfhs;iffs; nrhFR fhH ,e;jpahtpw;F ntspapy; ,uz;lhtJ Kjypait ,J xNu Neuj;jpy;> mjpfkhf Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gl;l cw;gj;jpahsHfsplkpUe;J cyfshtpa fhH Vw;Wkjpj; ep]hd; ikf;uh fhH cyfstpy; Jiwapy; xU kpd;dpiyakhf te; J s; s J 100 re;ijfspy; tpw;gid mgptpUj;jpailfpd;w mNjNtis> nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,jd; cg gpuhz;l; ,e;jpad; Xl;NlhNkhl;bt; JiwahdJ ll;rd; vd;gJ> cyfj;jpw;fhf njhlHe;J jioj;Njhq;FfpwJ> tsHfpwJ kw;Wk; ,e;jpahtpNyNa KOtJkhf cUthf;fg;gl;l ll;rd; ntw;wp-ntw;wp tha;g;ig mspf;fpwJ vd;gijAk; Nfh vd;gjhf ,e;jpahtpy; kPz;Lk; njhlf;fg;gl;lJ. cWjpnra;Js;sd. nrd;w tUl Vw;Wkjpapy; xU kpfg;ngupa 295 rjtPj MfNt> ePq;fs; xU Xtpaj; njhFg;igg; ghHf;fr; mjpfupg;igg; gjpTnra;Js;s N[Hkd; Nthy;f;];Ntfd; nry;y gpuhd;rpy; xU lhl;lh ehNdh fhiu ,af;Fk; (VW) FOkj;jpd; ntd;Nuh MdJ kNyrpah> nkf;rpNfh NghJ> rpypapy; nrt;Nuhnyl; gPl;bd; ,Uf;ifiar; kw;Wk; gpypg;igd;]; Mfpa ehLfspy; tpw;gidahfpwJ. rupnra;Aq;fs;> nfd;ahtpy; XUV 500-,y; gpuahzk; Nthy;f;];Ntfd; ,e;jpaj; njhopw;rhiyapy; nrd;w nra;Aq;fs; my;yJ xU NjdPH Fbg;gjw;fhf tUlk; cw;gj;jpahd fhHfspy; 30 tPjj;ij tpl ,e;NjhNdrpahtpYs;s Rg;gHkhHf;nfw;wpw;F `_z;lha; mjpfkhdtw;iw Vw;Wkjp nra;Js;sJ> NkYk; /gpNfh mf;nrz;ilr; nrYj;Jq;fs; - tpj;jpahrkhd mit kw;Wk; vNfh];NghHl; fhHfs; cynfq;Fk; 40-f;Fk; vy;yhk; “,e;jpahtpy; jahupf;fg;gLk;”. mJ vg;gb Nkw;gl;l ehLfSf;F Vw;WkjpahfpAs;sJ. ngUikf;FupaJ?

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;L tpahghuk;

$l;Lwtpd; GjpaNjhH

mj;jpahak;

Mrpahtpd; ,U khngUk; ehLfshd ,e;jpahTk; rPdhTk; gy;NtW cld;gbf;iffisAk; xg;ge;jq;fisAk; ifr;rhj;jpl;Ls;sjhy;> jkJ 2000 tUlq;fSf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l cwit GjpaNjhH cauj;jpw;F vLj;Jr; nrd;Ws;sd

,e;jpa gpujk ke;jpup jpU eNue;jpu Nkhb ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;ifapy;> rPd [dhjpgjp jpU ]p [pd;gpq; mtUilia ifahy; rf;fuj;jpy; Kaw;rpf;fpwhH

nghJ mZ rf;jpf; $l;LwT> ehJ yh Clhf ifyh\; khdrNuhtUf;F xU Gjpa topiaj; jpwj;jy;> fyhr;rhuk;> cy;yhrg;gazk;> fiyfs; kw;Wk; kf;fspypUe;J kf;fSf;fhd njhlHGfs; Nghd;wtw;wpd; kPjhd ce;jy;> kfhuh\;l;uhtpYk; F[uhj;jpYk; rPd ifj;njhopy; g+q;fhf;fis mikj;jy;... ,it> ,e;j nrg;uk;gH khjj;jpy; rPd [dhjpgjp jpU ]p [pd;gpq; Nkw;nfhz;l tp[aj;jpd; gpd; xUtuhy; Cfpf;ff; $ba rpy cld;ghlhd tplaq;fs;. Gjpa gpujkupd; Ml;rpapd; fPOs;s ,e;jpah

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Fwpj;J rPdhtpd; mZFKiwapy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l epiykhw;wk; Vw;gl;Ls;sij mLj;J> 1996 Mk; tUlj;jpw;F gpwF ,e;jpahtpw;F tp[ak; nra;Js;s %d;whtJ rPd [dhjpgjp ,tH vd;gij kwf;ff; $lhJ. ,e;j tp[ak;> ,U Mrpag; ngUehLfSf;F ,ilapYs;s ,Ujug;G cwit> mDruiz> ek;gpf;if kw;Wk; ntspg;gilj;jd;ik Mfpatw;wpd; xU Gjpa kl;lj;jpw;F vLj;Jr;nrd;Ws;sJ. ,e;j tp[aj;jpd; NghJ> ,e;jpahtpy; nuapy; ghijfis Ntfkhf mgptpUj;jp nra;jy;>

rkepiy kw;Wk; gu];gu ed;ik Mfpa Nfhl;ghl;by; Vw;fdNt mwptpj;J tpl;lJ. tzpf cwTfis rkepiyahd kw;Wk; epiyj;J epw;ff;$ba tYt+l;LtJ> $l;Lwit mjpfupg;gjw;F tpidj;jpwkhd nghUshjhu kw;Wk; tHj;jf cwTfspd; top vd;gij ,U ehLfSNk Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;wd. 2000 mgptpUj;jpia Kd;Ndw;Wtjw;fhf xU eLj;ju Mk; tUlj;jpy; 30 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfshf fhy rhiytiuglj;ij ehl;Ljy;> ,Ue;j rPdhTldhd ,e;jpahtpd; tptrha> kUe;J kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp tzpfk;> 2003-,y; RkhH 70 kpy;ypad; cw;gj;jpg;nghUl;fSf;fhd re;ij mnkupf;f nlhyHfisj; njhl;Ls;sJ. 2000 Mk; tUlj;jpy; mZfiy mjpfupf;fTk;> cyfshtpa ",e;jpahTk; rPdhTk; xd;Wlndhd;W 30 kpy;ypad; re;ijfspy; ,e;jpa XbNahMapuf;fzf;fhd tUl fhy mnkupf;f nlhyHfshf tp~{ty; jahupg;GfSf;F rpwe;j rpNefkhd njhlHigf; nfhz;l ,U njd;gLjd;ik fpilf;f cjTtjd; Guhjd ehfupfq;fs; MFk;. ehq;fs; ,Ue;j rPdhTldhd nghUl;L> ,U ehLfisAk; NrHe;j xUtH kw;wtupd; ehfupfq;fisg; ,e;jpahtpd; tzpfk;> jahupg;ghsHfs; jpiug;glq;fis ghuhl;LtNjhL> kjpf;fpNwhk;. ehq;fs; 2003-,y; RkhH 70 ,ize;J jahupg;gjw;F mtHfspd; rpNefkhd njhlHGfis njspTgLj;jp> gilg;ghw;wYs;s> fiyeakhd> xUtUf;F xUtH thf;FWjpaspj;j kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f njhopy;El;g> epjprhH kw;Wk; tplaj;ijg; gpd;gw;Wtij nlhyHfisj; re;ijg;g;gLj;jy; tsq;fis cWjpg;gLj;JfpNwhk; vd;gJ njhl;Ls;sJ. xd;W$l;Lk; xU tha;g;igg; Kf;fpakhFk;" vd;whH jpU [pd;gpq;. ngWkhW mtHfis ,ayr;nra;aTk; ,U ehLfSk; tsHe;JtUk; re;ijfs; jdpj;Jtkhd eltbf;iffis vd;gjhy; $l;Lwit Mokhf;FtNj vLj;jy; Kjypatw;Wf;fhf ngupa KjyPLfisr; mtUila ,uz;lhtJ ,yf;F vd;Wk;> rPd kw;Wk; nra;tjhf rPd [dhjpgjp thf;FWjpaspj;jhH. ,e;jpa kf;fs; ed;ikailaf; $ba tpjj;jpy; $l;LwT tuTs;s Ie;J tUlq;fSf;f ,e;jpahtpy; 20 mjpfupf;fg;gLfpwJ vd;gJ Kf;fpak; vd;Wk; mtH gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfis KjypLtjhf rPdh njuptpj;jhH.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;L tpahghuk;

fq;if MW

MGC cj;Ntfj;ijg;

ngWfpwJ Nknfhq;-fq;fh $l;LwTr; rq;fk; ,U gpujhd Mw;Wg; gs;sj;jhf;FfspYk; trpf;fpd;w kf;fspilNa neUq;fpa njhlHGfs; Vw;gl cWJiz GupfpwJ

cy;yhrg; gpuahzj;Jiw> gz;ghL> fy;tp> Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; jfty;njhlHGfs; Mfpatw;wpd; mjpfupj;j $l;LwTf;Fk;> gpuhe;jpaj;jpw;F ,ilNa vjpHfhy tzpf kw;Wk; KjyPl;Lf; $l;LwTf;fhf gykhd mbj;jsj;ijf; fl;likg;gjw;Fk;> ,e;jpahthYk; Ie;J ASEAN (njd;fpof;F Mrpa ehLfspd; fofk;) ehLfshYk; - fk;Nghbah> yhNth];>

kpad;khH> jha;yhe;J kw;Wk; tpal;dhk; - xU Kjy; Kaw;rp fUj;jhf;fg;gl;L> Nknfhq;-fq;fh $l;LwT (MGC) vd;W ngauplg;gl;lJ. fq;fh kw;Wk; Nknfhq; Mfpa ,uz;L MWfSNk kdpjf; FbNaw;w MWfs; kw;Wk; ,e;j Kjy; Kaw;rpahdJ ,e;j ,U gpujhd Mw;Wg; gs;sj;jhf;FfspYk; trpf;fpd;w kf;fspilNa neUq;fpa njhlHGfs; Vw;gl cWJiz Guptij Nknfhq; MW

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

=kjp gpujpgh Njtprpq; gl;by; 2010-,y; fk;Nghbahtpy; MGC Mrpa ghuk;gupa Mil mUk;nghUl;fhl;rpafj;jpw;fhd mbf;fy;iy ehl;LfpwhH> (tyJ) 2012 nrg;uk;gupy; MwhtJ MGC mikr;rHfs; $l;lj;jpy;

Fwpf;Nfhshff; nfhs;fpwJ. MGC vd;gJ tUlhe;jk; 1 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfisg; cWg;gpdH ehLfspilNaahd kdpjf; FbNaw;w> nghWg;Ngw;gjhf ,e;jpah mwptpj;jJ. ,e;j fyhr;rhu kw;Wk; tHj;jfj; njhlHGfisr; epjp> cs;ehl;Lr; rKjhaq;fSf;F Neubahf Rl;bf;fhl;LtjhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ed;ikaspf;ff; $ba FWfpa fhyg;gFjp KjyhtJ MGC mikr;rHfs; re;jpg;gpy; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fSf;fhf ,Uf;fyhk;. tpaz;bahd; efupy; 200 etk;gH 10 Mk; ,e;j Nkyjpff; $Wfs;> MGC nghUl;L jpfjpad;W MGC mikf;fg;gl;lJ. 1997-,y; cWg;gpdHfspd; flg;ghl;bd; xU njspthd njhlf;fg;gl;l gpuhe;jpa FOtikg;ghd BIMSTEC tw;GWj;jyhfg; ghHf;fg;gl;lJ. (gy;Jiw njhopy;El;g kw;Wk; nghUshjhuf; 6tJ mikr;rHfs; $l;lj;jpy; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; $l;LwTf;fhd tq;fhs tpupFlh Kd;Kaw;rp)-,d; mikr;rHfs;> ,e;jg; gFjpapy; ,e;jpahTld; gpd;dH> ,e;j Ntiyj;jpl;lkhdJ ,e;jpahthy; gzpGupa kdkhu tpUk;Gfpd;w jha;yhe;Jld; MGC mjd; njd;fpof;F Mrpa mz;il ehLfSldhd ehLfspy; ghuk;gupaj; jyq;fspd; ghJfhg;gpw;fhf ,d;ndhU $l;L Kaw;rpahf ,Ue;jJ. mjd; ele;JtUk; $l;Lwit xg;Gf;nfhz;ldH. gpd;dH> MW $l;lq;fs; mNjhL> jha;yhe;jhdJ elj;jg;gl;ld> mz;ikaJ epyj;jbePH njhy;nghUspay; ,e;jpahtpy; (2012 nrg;uk;gH 4) Muha;r;rp Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpw;fhd jha;yhe;jhdJ elhj;jg;gl;lJ. gapw;rp epfo;r;rpfspYk; MwhtJ $l;lj;jpy;> MGC-,d; gq;Fgw;Wk;. ,e;jpah> kpad;khH epyj;jbePH fPOs;s $l;Lwtpy; jw;NghJs;s kw;Wk; jha;yhe;J Mfpa njhy; n ghUspay; Kf;fpa gFjpfs; jtpu> NtW ehLfspd; neLQ;rhiy Muha;rr ; p Fwpg;gpl;l rpy Gjpa gFjpfSk; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspYk; Vida Kd;Ndw;wkilAk; $l;LwTf;fhf $l;LwtpYk; Vw;gl;Ls;s Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpw;fhd milahsq;fhzg;gl;ld. mz;ika mgptpUj;jpfs; ,e;jf; gapw;rp ,tw;wpy;> gpuhe;jpaj;jpw;Fj; $l;lj;jpd; NghJ ghuhl;lg;gl;ld. epfo;rr ; pfspYk; njhlHghd MNuhf;fpa fpof;Nf ghH nfhs;ifapd; Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; njhw;WNeha; (Yf; <];w; nghyprp) fPohd gq;Fgw;Wk;. Kfhikj;Jtk; Fwpj;j Kaw;rpfspd; Clhf> ,e;jpa Gyikiag; gfpHjy;> ,e;jpa murhq;fkhdJ mz;il SME gpuptpYk; Nknfhq; khepyq;fspYk; cs;s ehLfspypUe;J tlfpof;Fg; gpuhe;jpaj;jpw;F epug;Gjd;ikfis xd;whff; nfhz;LtUjy;> rpwe;j KjyPLfis <Hg;gjw;Fg; Nghuhb czTg; ghJfhg;Gld; njhlHghd fUJNfhs;fs; tUfpwJ. ,jw;fpilapy;> 5tJ MGC kw;Wk; vq;fSila gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; tskhd mikr;rHfs; $l;lk; ele;jNghJ> ,e;jpah capupg; gy;tifj;jd;ikiag; ghJfhj;jy; Vw;fdNt cs;s 50 Gyikg;guprpy;fSld; Nghd;wit mlq;Fk;. ,d;ndhU 50-If; $l;bAs;sJ> ,J fk;Nghbah> rpnak; uPg;gpy; ghuk;gupa Mrpa tpopg;GzHit Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf MCG ehLfspy; Mil mUk;nghUl;fhl;rpaj;ij mikf;Fk; nghUl;fhl;rpfis Vw;ghL nra;tJ jtpu> ,e;jpahtpd; Kd;Kaw;rp mjpfstpy; fyhr;rhuk;> IT> njhopw;gapw;rp Nghd;w gyjug;gl;l ghuhl;lg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpah-CLMV tpiuT tpisT fy;tpAk; MGC ehLfisr; NrHe;jtHfSf;Ff; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs; Row;rp epjpf;fhf ,e;jpah fpilf;fr; nra;fpwJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;L tpahghuk;

khw;wj;jpw;fhd

jUzk;

vjpu;tUk; rhu;f; cr;rpkhehL> jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;l ,yf;Ffis miltjw;fhd nraw;ghl;ilAk; tpidj;jpwidAk; ek;gfj;jd;ikiaAk; jPtpukhf Nkk;gLj;jf; $ba xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd jdJ nghwpKiwfis Kd;itf;f Ntz;Lk;. ciu | \Py; fhd;l; \u;kh

njd;dhrpahtpd; gpuhe;jpa xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd cj;jpNahfG+u;t kd;wkhf tpsq;Ffpd;w gpuhe;jpa xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd njd;dhrpa xd;wpak; (SAARC- rhu;f); 1985 Mk; Mz;by; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ Kjy;> gy;NtWgl;l mDruizfspd; fPo; gpuhe;jpar; nraw;ghLfSf;fhd> kpf kpf mjpfkhd cj;jpNahfG+u;tkw;w nraw;ghLfSf;fhd xU fskhf tsu;rr ; p fz;Ls;sJ. Mz;LNjhWk; elhj;jg;gLk; rhu;f; cr;rpkhehLfs;> mjp cau; kl;lj;jpyhd cj;jpNahfG+u;t epfo;Tfshf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. vt;thwhapDk;> vjpu;tUk; etk;gupy; Neghsj;jpy; eilngwTs;s cr;rpkhehL 29 tUl fhyj;jpy; eilngWk; 18 MtJ cr;rpkhehlhFk;. ,e;j cr;rpkhehL %d;W tUl ,ilntspf;Fg; gpd;du; eilngWfpd;wJ Jiz cr;rpkhehl;L jtWifr; nrad;Kiwnahd;W gpd;du; eilngw;wJ. eltbf;iffis Kd;ndLg;gjw;fhf mikr;ru;fs;/ nrayhsu;fs; kl;lj;jpyhd gy $l;lq;fSk; epuy; mikr;Rf;fSf;fhd ngUe;njhifahd nghwpKiwfSk; Vw;ghLfs; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. njd;dhrpa

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

gpuhe;jpathjk; cyfpd; Vida gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;w xj;Jiog;Gf;F ,izahd kl;lj;jpw;F tsu;rr ; pailtij rhj;jpakhf;Ftjw;fhd ,e;j jtWifr; nrad;Kiwia fl;bnaOg;GtJ mtrpakw;wJ vd;w cWjpahd epiyg;ghL fle;j fhy cr;rpkhehLfspy; fhzg;gl;lJ. gy;NtW kl;lq;fspy; xj;Jiog;igg; gyg;gLj;j Ntz;baJ mtrpak; vd midj;J rhu;f; ehLfspdJk; murhq;fq;fSk; cld;ghL fz;Ls;sd. njd;dhrpa milahs czu;T njhlu;ghd kpfr; rpwpjsT Mu;tKk;> milahsj; Njhw;wg;ghl;il Vw;gLj;Jk;. cjhuzkhf njd;dhrpahtpypUe;J Gyk;ngau;ej ; tu;fis kpf neUf;fkhdtu;fshf khw;Wk;. Mdhy; gpuhe;jpaj;jpDs; fhzg;gLk; mr;r czu;tpdhy; mit nfl;LtpLk;. rhu;f; mikg;gpd; ,yf;Ffs;> gpuhe;jpa czu;itg; ghjpf;fpd;w Njrpathjf; fz;zhbfis my;yJ fhuzpfis ClWj;Jr; nry;yf; $baitahf cs;sd. mjd; gl;lak; ru;ri ; rf;Fupa gpur;rpidfisj; jtpu;jJ ; ntspg;gilj;

2011 Mk; Mz;by; khiyjPtpy; eilngw;w 17 MtJ rhu;f; cr;rpkhehl;bd; NghJ ,lkpUe;J tykhf: Mg;fhdp];jhd; [dhjpgjp jpU.`kPj; fu;] h<> tq;fhsNjr gpujk ke;jpup Ngfk; fhypjh ]pah> ,e;jpag; gpujk ke;jpup fyhepjp kd;Nkhfd; rpq;> G+l;lhd; gpujk ke;jpup jpU. ypnahd;Ngh [pf;kp Nah]u; jpd;yp> khiyjPT [dhjpgjp jpU. nkh`kl; e\Pj;> Neghsg; gpujk ke;jpup jpU. ghGuhk; gl;lhuha;> ghfp];jhd; gpujk ke;jpup jpU. A+Rg; uh]h fpyhdp> ,yq;if [dhjpgjp jpU. k`pe;j uh[gf;\.

jd;ikAld; nraw;gLtjw;Fg; Nghjpa trjpapidAk; mKyhf;fj;jpy; gytPdk ; fhzg;gl;l NghjpYk; ghupanjhU epfo;rr ; pepuy; njhlu;ghd cld;ghl;ilAk; cWjpnra;fpd;wJ. Kd;Dupik toq;f Ntz;ba tplaq;fisj; jPuk ; hdpj;J ntWkNd murhq;fq;fis kl;Lkd;wp midj;J Mu;tyu;fspdJk; cw;gj;jpj; jpwd;kpf;f gq;Nfw;Gld; mtw;iw nraw;ghl;L Nehf;fq; nfhz;litahf mikg;gNj ,d;iwa NjitahFk;. ru;tNjr tiyg;gpd;dypd; %yk; cyfk; FWjpajhf khwpAs;sik> cz;ik> ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrp> 24x7 njhiyf;fhl;rp vd;gd rhu;f; ehLfs; midj;Jk; $l;lhf tsu;rr ; p fhz;gJ fl;lhakhdJ vd;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fis toq;Ffpd;wd. mit ,U jug;G cwTfspd; tiuaiwfSld; ,ize;j tifapyhd gpuhe;jpa xj;Jiog;Gr; rl;lfnkhd;iw Ntz;b epw;fpd;wd. ntspr; rf;jpfs;> xj;jpirthd mgptpUj;jpf;fhd xU nghJg; gz;lk; vd;w tifapy; gpuhe;jpathjj;jpw;Fg; ngWkjp Nru;ff ; pd;wd. khiyjPtpy; eilngw;w cr;rpkhehL> kf;fSf;Fk; - kf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd gue;jstpyhd njhlu;ghly;> Rw;Wyhj; Jiw> rf;jp> Nghf;Ftuj;J> tu;jj ; f trjp Vw;ghL> tq;fpj;njhopy; kw;Wk; KjyPL vd;gd cs;spl;l ,ilj;njhlu;G nfhz;l tplag; gug;Gf;fspy; Kd;Ndw;wk; fhz;gJ mtrpak; vd;gij typAWj;jpaJ. ,e;j xt;nthU Jiwf;Fkhd khjpupfs; vt;thW mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gij cWg;G ehLfs; jPuk ; hdpj;Jf; nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; fLikahd ciog;Gk; Fwpf;Nfhis miltjw;fhd cWjpahd vz;zKk; mtrpakhFk;. nghUshjhu rKfnkhd;iw cUthf;Ftjw;fhf INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; gy jrhg;jq;fSf;F Nkyhf Mapuf; fzf;fhd kdpj ehl;fis kpff; ftdkhfr; nrytplg;gl;lik ,jw;fhd rpwe;j cjhuzkhFk;. fbd ciog;Gf;Fk;

tplh Kaw;rpf;Fk; FWf;F topfs; ,y;iy. cl;fl;likg;G trjp midj;J rhu;f; ehLfSk; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; gpujhd gpur;rpidahf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. cg gpuhe;jpa xj;Jiog;gpy; fhzg;gLk; gy;NtW tplaq;fs;> KOg; gpuhe;jpaj;ij tplTk; rpy gFjpfs; rpwe;J tpsq;f KbAk; vd;gijf; fhl;l KbAk;. mLj;j cr;rpkhehl;bd; NghJ> midj;J cWg;G ehLfisAk; cs;slf;fhjtplj;J> xU cg gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; nraw;jpl;lq;fis Cf;Ftpf;Fk;> nraw;ghl;il Nehf;fhff; nfhz;l Kd;Ndhf;fpa ce;Jjiy toq;f Ntz;Lk;. rhu;f; mikg;gpd; gl;lak;> xj;Jiog;Gf;fhf ,uz;Lf;F Nkw;gl;l ehLfisf; nfhz;l Kaw;rpfSf;F mDkjp toq;Ffpd;wJ. tu;jj ; f trjp Vw;ghL> Nghf;Ftuj;J> rf;jp kw;Wk; midj;J tifahd njhlu;ghly;fs; vd;gd njhlu;ghd rhu;f; mikg;gpd; Kiwrhu;ej ; nghwpKiwfSf;Fg; Gwk;ghf elhj;jg;gl;l kd;wq;fspy; mjpf jahu;gLj;jy; Ntiyfs; Vw;fdNt G+u;jj ; p nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. vy;iy Kfhikf; fl;likg;Gf;fis ,aq;f itg;gjd; Clhf tPjpj; njhlu;ig Nkk;gLj;Jjy;> jiutopr; Rq;f epiyaq;is ,aq;f itj;jy;> nfhs;fyd; Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; FbtuTf;fhd trjp Vw;ghLfisr; nra;jy;> tq;fpj;njhopy; kw;Wk; mjDld; njhlu;Gila njhiyj;njhlu;G tiyaikg;Gf;fs; Vw;gLj;Jjy; vd;gd njhlu;gpy; rpghupRfs; Kd;itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. gpuhe;jpa xj;Jiog;G tplaj;jpy; Vida gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; nghJ czu;T fhzg;gLfpd;w NghjpYk; njd;dhrpa ehLfs; kj;jpapy; mrke;jkhd Nghf;Nf ,d;Dk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ Rkhu; 18 gpy;ypad; I.m.nlhyu;fshff; fhzg;gLk; gpuhe;jpa tu;jj ; fj;ij> 120 gpy;ypad; I.m.nlhyu;fs; tiu mjpfupf;ff; $ba rhj;jpaj;ij ,g;gpuhe;jpak; nfhz;bUg;gjhfg; gy;NtW Ma;Tfs; $Wfpd;wd. ,e;j

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;L tpahghuk;

1998 Mk; Mz;by; nfhOk;gpy; eilngw;w 10 MtJ rhu;f; cr;rpkhehl;bd; NghJ ehLfspd; jiytu;fs; ,lkpUe;J tykhf:

msTNfhs; rhj;jpakhdJ vd;gjw;F> 1991 Mk; Mz;by; 3 gfpuq;fg;gLj;jg;gLtjpy;iy. ,e;j eilKiw khwp gpy;ypad; I.m.nlhyu;fis tplf; Fiwthff; fhzg;gl;l ntspg;gilj;jd;ik cUthf Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; mJ fw;gid Mrpahd; mikg;Gldhd ( njd;fpof;fhrpa ehLfspd; uPjpahd ,U jug;Gj; jg;ggpg;gpuhaq;fSf;fhf> cr;rpkhehl;L xd;wpaj;Jldhd) ,e;jpahtpd; tu;jj ; fk; ,d;W 100 gpy;ypad; kl;lj;jpyhd jPuk ; hdq;fspd; mbg;gilapyhd nraw;ghLfis I.m.nlhyu;fis neUq;fpAs;sij cjhuzkhff; nfhs;s ,ilepWj;Jk; epiyiaAk; cUthf;f KbAk;. Mrpahd; KbAk;. ,e;jpahTf;Fk; Mrpahd; ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; kw;Wk; Vida gpuhe;jpa mikg;Gf;fspy; cs;sJ Nghd;W J}uk ; xU jilahf ,y;yhjNghJ> njd;dhrpahtpYs;s rhu;f; nrayhsu; ehafk; gjtpf;F cau; me;j];J> Gtpapay; njhlu;G mjpf ed;ikaspf;ff; mjpfhuk;> nghWg;Gf;fs; vd;gtw;iw $bajhf Vd; mikaf;$lhJ? rhu;f; toq;fp rhu;f; nrayfj;jpd; fl;likg;igg; mikg;gpy; fhzg;gLk; kpfTk; Fiwe;j gyg;gLj;JtJ Nghd;w rhu;f; mikg;gpd; vjpu;tUk; cr;rpkhehL> kpfr; rhjhuzkhd nghwpKiwfs; nghwpKiwfisr; rpwe;jitahfTk; jw;NghJ cs;sij tpl kpf gaDWjptha;ej ; itahfTk; khw;Wtjw;fhd jPuk ; hdpf;fg;gl;l mjpfkhdtw;iw toq;f KbAk;. Nfhl; g hLfs; Nghjpastpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,yf;Ffis mikr;ruitr; nrayhsu;fspd;> Njrpa njd;dhrpa gpuhe;jpathjkhdJ> miltjw;fhd murhq;f Nrit Mizf;FOf;fspdJk; murhq;fq;fs;> ifj;njhopy;> fy;tpj;Jiw> nraw;ghl;ilAk; gy;fiyf;fof khdpa Clfq;fs;> rptpy; r%fk; Mfpa midj;Jg; Mizf;FOf;fspdJk; jiytu;fspd; gq;fhsu;fSf;Fk; ngWkjp Nru;gg ; jhf tpidj;jpwidAk; $l;lq;fs; vd;gd Nghd;w mz;ikf;fhy mika KbAk;. gpur;rpid jPug ; g ; jw;fhd ek;gfj; jd;ikiaAk; Kd;ndLg;Gf;fs;> mDgtq;fisAk; rpwe;j Mff; Fiwe;j kl;lkhdJ xU khw;wj;ij Jupjkh Nkk;gLj;jf; eilKiwfisAk; gfpu;eJ ; nfhs;tjw;Fk; Vw;gLj;Jk;. ruhrup kl;lj;ij tplf; Fiwe;J Gupe;Jzu;Tk; njhlu;GfSk; Vw;gLtjw;Fk; fhzg;gLk; milT kl;lj;jpy; khw;wj;ij $ba xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd cjtpahf mikayhk;. Vw;gLj;Jk; nraw;ghlhdJ mjpf rf;jp> jdJ nghwpKiwfis cau; kl;lj;jpyhd fPuj ; j ; pkpf;f Ml;fspd; ftdk;> epjp> kdpj tsq;fs; vd;gtw;iw Kd;itf;f Ntz;Lk;. FOnthd;iw mikj;J kPsha;Tfisr; Ntz;b epw;fpd;wJ. nra;J cWjpahd rpghupRfisg; ngw;W fle;j jrhg;jk; KOtjpYk; rhu;f; rhu;f; mikg;Gf;F Gj;Japuspg;gjw;Fk; mikg;igg; gyg;gLj;Jtjw;F ,e;jpah njhlu;fpd;w nrad;Kiwfisf; fz;fhzpg;gjw;Fk; Jiz Gupe;Js;sJ. mJ toq;fpa te;Js;s mikjpahd ,JNt kpfTk; nghUj;jkhd fhykhFk;. vjpu;tUk; jhuhskhd gq;fspg;Gf;fis NkYk; Nkk;gLj;j KbAk;. cr;rpkhehL> jPuk ; hdpf;fg;gl;l ,yf;Ffis miltjw;fhd tha;gG ; f;fspd; thapy; vg;NghJk; jpwe;jpUf;f khl;lhJ nraw;ghl;ilAk; tpidj;jpwidAk; ek;gfj; jd;ikiaAk; vd;gij mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; ehLfs; vd;w tifapy; Jupjkhf Nkk;gLj;jf; $ba xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd jdJ rhu;f; mikg;gpd; mq;fj;Jt ehLfs; Gupe;Jnfhs;tJ nghwpKiwfis Kd;itf;f Ntz;Lk;. rpy gioa mtrpakhFk;. tPuhg;Gg; Ngr;Rf;fsd;wp Jupj nraw;ghNl kuGfSf;F ,zq;f rhu;f; mikg;gpd; nrad;Kiwfs; ,d;iwa Njitahf cs;sJ. ,f;fl;Liuahrpupau; 2008 - 2011 fhyg; gFjpapy; rhu;f; mikg;gpd; nrayhsu; ehafkhff; flikahw;wpAs;shu;.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Kupahij

Mrdq;fs; kw;Wk; itj;jpaj;jpd; Mrhd; cynfq;Fk; Nahfh fyhr;rhuj;ijg; gug;gpa ngUikAs;s BKS Iaq;fhH ,e;j tUlk; Xf];w; khjj;jpy; ,we;Jtpl;lhH> Mdhy; mtUila kuGupikg; gz;G njhlHe;J tho;fpwJ... ciu | gpuhj; ,uh[huhk; ah[;dpf;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kupahij

Iaq;fhH Nahfh fiyQH> nrhe;j ehl;bYk; ntspehl;bYk; etPd Nahfh cyfpd; xU ty;Yeuhfj; jpfo;e;jhH. ngY}H fpU];zkhr;rhH Re;juuh[h Iaq;fhH> 1960fspd; eLg;gFjpapy; njhlq;fp Nkw;Fyfpy; Nahfh fyhr;rhuj;ijg; gug;Gtjw;fhd gpujhd ngUikia ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf; $batuhf ,Uf;fyhk;. Iaq;fhH Nahfh vd;wiof;fg;gLk; mtUila jdpj;Jtg; ghzpahdJ> fw;gpj;jy; mNjhL MrpupaHfSf;F gapw;rpaspj;jy; kw;Wk; rhd;wspj;jy; Mfpa ,uz;bw;FNk cyfpd; rfy gFjpfspYk; gy ikaq;fspd; epWtYf;F ce;Jjyhf mike;Js;sJ. kfhuh\;buh> GNdapYs;s ukhkzp Iaq;fhH QhgfhHj;j Nahfh epWtdk; MdJ Iaq;fhH Nahfhtpd; ikakhf cs;sJ> ,J Nahfh Muha;r;rp> itj;jpa tFg;Gfs;> mr;rpl;l kw;Wk; gy;Y}lfj; jfty;fspd; gpuRupg;G kw;Wk; Nahfh Nkilg;nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; cjtpnra;Ak; ghq;Fs;s Ntiyg;ghLfspd; tpw;gid Mfpatw;wpd; Clhf epjp Nrfupj;jy; Kjypait cl;gl gy;tifg;gl;l nraw;ghLfis xUq;fpizf;fpwJ.

Iaq;fhH kw;Wk; Nahfh itj;jpak; Nahfhtpd; Rfg;gLj;Jk; Mw;wiy jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; jhNd mDgtpj;Js;s Iaq;fhH> ,e;j Rfg;gLj;Jk; mwpthdJ r%fj;jpd; re;Njhrj;jpw;Fk; ey;tho;tpw;Fk; mtrpakhdJ vd;W Mokhf ek;gpdhH. kdpj cliyAk; Mrd itj;jpaj;jpw;F ,jd; gjpyspg;GfisAk; gw;wpa mtUila Gupe;JzHtpd; ghupa fsQ;rpaj;jpypUe;J> mtH gy;NtW Neha;fSf;Fk; Rfg;gLj;Jk; eilKiwfspd; jdpj;Jt

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

epfo;r;rpfis cUthf;fpdhH. Mapuf;fzf;fhd Nehahspfspy; cz;ikapy; gy;tifg;gl;l Neha;j; njhFjpfisAk; ntw;wpfukhf jPHj;J itg;gjpy; re;Njfj;jpw;F ,lkpd;wp ntw;wpaPl;bdhH. mtUila Gj;jfq;fs; iyw; xd; Nahfh kw;Wk; Nahfh: KOikahd MNuhf;fpaj;jpw;fhd ghijapy; xt;nthU Neha;f;FKupa jdpj;Jt Mrd tupirfSld; Nahfh itj;jpaj;jpw;F mHg;gzpf;fg;gl;l fzprkhd gpupTfs; cs;sd. Nahfh itj;jpaj;jpy; mtiu Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;l> “Nahfh itj;jpaj;jpd; ehd;F J}z;fshtd itj;jpaH> kUe;J> cjtpahsH kw;Wk; Nehahsp. Nahfh cyfg; ghHitapy;> tpNtfkhd gjhQ;rypjhd; itj;jpaH> Mrdq;fs;jhd; kUe;J> Nahfh gapw;Wtpg;gtHjhd; cjtpahsH> khztHjhd; Nehahsp. Nehahspfspd; Neha; kw;Wk; cly; kw;Wk; czHr;rp epiyikf;F Vw;g> mtHfSf;F Mrdq;fs; rpghupR nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,ijf; ftdj;Jld; nra;a Ntz;Lk;... Nahfh itj;jpar; nrayhdJ> Mrdq;fisj; njupTnra;tijAk;> tupirg;gLj;JtijAk; mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ> ,e;j Mrdq;fs; clypd; ghfq;fspy; Fwpg;gpl;ltw;iw ePl;bf;fpd;wd kw;Wk; kw;wtw;iw jLf;fpd;wd... Fwpf;Nfhs; Fwpg;gpl;l NehawpFwpiar; Rfg;gLj;JtJ kl;Lkd;wp> fhuzj;jpd; kPJk; ,yf;F itg;gjhFk;."

Iaq;fhH Nahfhtpd; Nkk;ghL 1943-,y;> mtH NjHTnra;j rpwg;Gj;Jiwapy; Nkd;ikia milAk; mtUila cj;jpNahfj;jpy; xU KOikahd gq;FjhuuhfTk;> MNyhrfuhfTk;> Mjhu %ykhfTk; khw Ntz;bapUe;j ukhkzpia kzk; Kbj;jhH. ,e;jj; jk;gjp Muk;gj;jpy; xU Vo;ikahd tho;f;ifia tho;e;jhYk; $l> mtUila Gfo; nkJthf> Mdhy; cWjpahf mjpfupf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ. Gjpjhfr; Rje;jpuk; ngw;w ,e;jpah> Vuhskhd Nkd;ikkpf;f tUifahsHfSf;Fk;> ehl;Lj; jiytHfSf;F tpUe;Njhk;gy; mspj;Jf;nfhz;bUe;jJ. mtHfspy; gyUf;F nra;Kiwf; fhl;rpfis toq;FkhW Iaq;fhH mq;F mbf;fb miof;fg;gl;lhH. Iaq;fhH> KjyhtJ ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp nlhf;uH uhN[e;jpu gpurhj; kw;Wk; Nghg; Nghy; IV MfpNahupd; Kd;dpiyapYk; Nahfh nra;Kiwf; fhl;rpfis toq;fpdhH. mtH rj;jpurpfpr;ir itj;jpaH U];uk; [hy; thfpy; cs;spl;l ,e;jpa caHFb cWg;gpdHfSf;Fk;> Kf;fpakhd tpahghu> murpay; kw;Wk; tpisahl;Lg; gpugyq;fSf;Fk; Nahfhitf; fw;gpj;jhH. 1952,y; thfpy; Clhf> taypd; tpj;Jthd; Na`{b

(Nky; ,lJ) neUq;fpa ez;gUk; ,irf; fiyQUkhd na`{b nkD`pd;Dld; Iaq;fhH (Nky; tyJ) mtUila cd;djkhd Nahfh epiyfs;

nkD`pd;dplk; mtH mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lhH. itj;jpak; mjd; cjtpahsuhd cly;> cs kw;Wk; nkD`pd; Kjypy; Iaq;fhUf;F xU Ie;J epkpl nja;tPf ed;ikfSld; midtUf;Fk; fpilj;jJ. re;jpg;igj; jhd; toq;fpdhH> Mdhy; mtHfspd; mtUila Gyikia rhjhuz nghJkf;fSk; re;jpg;ig mLj;J mJ %d;wiu kzpj;jpahyq;fshf mwpe;J nfhz;ljhy;> gpupl;ld; kw;Wk; Vida ePl;bf;fg;gl;ljhff; $wg;gLfpwJ. INuhg;gpa ehLfspy; fw;gpf;FkhW ed;whf epj;jpiu nfhs;SkhW Iaq;fhuplk; mbf;fb Nfl;fg;gl;lJ. kpfTk; fisj;Jg;NghapUg;gjhf xt;nthU tUlKk; ,d;Dk; ,d;Dk; mtUila mtH czHe;jjhfTk;> Mdhy; mjpf vz;zpf;ifahdtHfs; Gyikia me;j czHit Iaq;fhH xU rpy mtUila kPs;tUiff;Fk;> nghJkf;fSk; epkplq;fspy; Nghf;fptpl;ljhfTk; mtUila tFg;GfSf;Fk; nkD`{d; Fwpg;gpLfpwhH. 47 fhj;jpUg;gH. mtUila mwpe;J tUlq;fSf;Fg; gpwF nkDfpd; Nahfhtpw;fhd Njit mj;jifajhf nfhz;ljhy;> Vida ,wf;Fk; tiu ,tHfs; ,UtUk; ,Ue;jJ> mtH jd;Dila INuhg;gpa ehLfspy; neUq;fpa ez;gHfshf ,Ue;jdH. Kiwfspy; Iaq;fhupd; ghJfhg;gpd; fPo;> mtH gapw;Wtpg;ghsHfSf;F fw;gpf;FkhW xU xOq;fhd Nahfh nra;gtuhf gapw;rpaspj;J> Iaq;fhuplk; khwpdhH. Iaq;fhH mtUld; rhd;wspf;fj; mbf;fb NrHe;J gpupl;ld;> gpuhd;]; kw;Wk; njhlq;fpdhH> MfNt Rtpw;rHyhe;J Mfpa ehLfSf;F mtH ,y;yhj Nfl;fg;gl;lJ gpuahzk; Nkw;nfhz;ljpy; nkD`{d; rkaq;fspy; me;j JizGupe;jhH. me;j ehspd; kpfTk; gapw;Wtpg;ghsHfs; gpugyk; ngw;wpUe;j rpyUf;F mtH Nahfh fw;gpj;jhH> tFg;Gfisj; njhluf; $bajhf 1958-,y; ngy;[pa kfhuhzpahd vyprngj;Jld; ,Ue;jJ. ,d;W> Iaq;fhH Nahfh xU Ngl;bAk; mtUf;Ff; fpilj;jJ. Mdhy; ,e;jf; tFg;GfSk; gapw;Wtpg;ghsHfSk; fw;gpj;jyhdJ gzj;jpw;Fk; GfOf;Fk; xJf;fPL cyfpd; xt;nthU fz;lj;jpYk; nra;ag;gltpy;iy. Iaq;fhH Nahfhtpd; Rfg;gLj;Jk; ,Uf;fpwhHfs;. tp~{ty; Fnt];w; Gf;]; ntspapl;l jp fpNuw; ,z;bad; Nahfh kh];uH]; vd;w Gj;jfj;jpypUe;J njhFf;fg;gl;lJ

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Like MEA INDIA

Follow @MEAINDIA

Channel MEA INDIA

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kupahij

Foe;ijg;gUtj;ijf;

nfhz;lhLjy; etk;gH 14 Mk; jpfjp ehl;by; rpWtH jpdk; mD\;bf;fg;gLifapy;> ,e;jj; jUzj;ijf; Fwpg;gpl fle;j gy tUlq;fspy; ntspaplg;gl;l jghy; Kj;jpiufspd; jlj;ijj; njhlHfpNwhk;

,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; gpujk ke;jpupahd [t`Hyhy; NeUtpd; gpwe;jehs; epiditf; Fwpg;gpl;Lf; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; rpWtH jpdj;jpy; xt;nthU gps;isf;F xU tpNrl Kf;fpaj;Jtk; cs;sJ. khkh vd;W md;ghf miof;fg;gLk; NeU> ,e;jpahtpd; vjpHfhykhf Foe;ijfSf;F epge;jidaw;w md;igAk; ghrj;ijAk; toq;Ftij typAWj;jpdhH. ,e;j ehspd; gpujhd Nehf;fk; vd;dntd;why; ehnlq;FKs;s gps;isfspd; ey;tho;it Cf;fg;gLj;JtjhFk;. 1957-,ypUe;J ,e;jpahtpYs;s jghy; jpizf;fskhdJ rpWtH jpdj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLtjw;fhf gy tpNrl Kj;jpiufis ntspapl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j Kj;jpiufs; rpWtH ey;tho;T ,af;fj;jpd; Nghriz> nghOJNghf;F kw;Wk; fy;tp uPjpahd $WfSld; njhlHGgLfpd;wd. ,e;j Kj;jpiufspy; rpytw;iw ,q;F fhl;rpg;gLj;JfpNwhk;...

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

rpWtH mgptpUj;jp 1957 rpWtH jpd jUzj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; tifapy; ntspaplg;gl;l KjyhtJ Kj;jpiuahd ,J> rpWtH mgptpUj;jpapd; Kf;fpa $whd Nghriziar; rpj;jpupf;fpwJ.

nfhbia ,isQuplk; mDg;gpitj;jy; 1962 ,isQHjhd; xspkakhd ,e;jpahtpd; vjpHfhyk; vd;w nra;jpiaj; gug;GfpwJ ,q;F> ,e;jpa Njrpaf; nfhbahdJ xU Foe;ijapld; mDg;gpitf;fg;gLfpwJ.

,e;jpahtpYs;s jghy; jpizf;fskhdJ gz;bj; NeUtpd; gpwe;jehs; epidTtpoh md;W rpWtH jpd Kj;jpiufis mwpKfg;gLj;JfpwJ. ,it xt;nthU tUlj;jpw;Fk; KbTnra;ag;gl;l xU fUg;nghUs; Fwpj;J rpWtHfshy; rkHg;gpf;fg;gLk; tbtikg;Gfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lit” fhNtup gNdH[P> nrayhsH> jghy; jpizf;fsk;> ,e;jpa murhq;fk;

ehisia tho vq;fis tpLq;fs; 1999

gz;ghl;Lr; rpj;jpupg;G 1974

,J xU xd;gJ tajhd gps;isapd; gpd;tUk; kdf;fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; tbtikf;fg;gLfpwJ> ,e;jpah 2000: vjpHfhyf; fdT> ,q;F mtd; ghJfhg;G> #oy; rkepiy kw;Wk; rkhjhdk; MfpaitAs;s xU vjpHfhyj;ij mtd; ehbr;nry;fpwhd;.

fiy kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuj;jpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij tiue;J> ,e;jpahtpy; Adpnr/g; (UNICEF) 25 tUl fhyk; ,Ue;Jtpl;lijf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

fy;tp 2003 ,e;j XtpakhdJ gps;isapd; fy;tpia xU fUg;nghUshf vLj;J> fy;tpf;fhf ngz; gps;isapd; cupik Fwpj;J ftdk; nrYj;JfpwJ.

njhopy;El;g Mw;wy; 1985 ,e;jpahtpy; njhopy;El;g tsHr;rpiaAk;> 1980fspy; ghtidf;F te;j Gjpa fUtpahd fzpdpahdJ vg;gb ghlrhiy khztHfspd; ghtidf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gijAk; rpj;jpupf;fpwJ.

rpWtH jpiug;glr; r%fk; 2005

jilfisj; jfHj;jy; 1986

,e;jg; glk; rpWtH jpiug;glr; r%fj;ijj; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;JfpwJ. 1955-,y; epHkhzpf;fg;gl;l ,e;j murhq;f epWtdkhdJ rpWtH jpiug;glq;fisAk; TV epfo;r;rpfisAk; gy;NtW ,e;jpa nkhopfspy; jahupf;fpwJ.

,e;j Kj;jpiu> ghiwnahd;wpy; VWk; rpWkpiaf; fhl;LfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpYs;s rpWkpfs; jkJ tho;tpYk;> efHtpYk; Kd;NdAs;s jilfis vg;NghJk; vg;gb jfHf;fpwhHfs; vd;gij ,J tpgupf;fpwJ.

,zf;fk; 2008 rka ,zf;fk; vd;w ngUe;jd;ikahd fUJNfhs; ,e;j Kj;jpiuia Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jp> ,e;jpahtpy; "Ntw;Wikapy; xw;Wik" vd;w fUJNfhis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;JfpwJ.

rpNdfpjk; 1994 xw;WikAk; ,zf;fKk; ,e;j Kj;jpiuapd; mbj;jsj;ij mikf;fpd;wd> ,J rpWtHfSld; g+f;fisAk; gwitfisAk; rpj;jpupf;fpwJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fyhrhuk;

ghuk;gupa czu;Tf;Fg;

Gj;Jap&l;ly; njYq;fhdh khepyj;jpy; eilngWk; gz;biffs; mjd; kf;fspd; fyhrhu milahsj;jpd; kPJ ghupastpy; nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;Jfpd;wd ciu | yf;\kp gpughyh

Me;jpuhg; gpuNjr khepyj;jpypUe;J gpupj;J cUthf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpahtpd; Gjpa khepykhd njYq;fhdh> xU fhyj;jpy; i`juhghj; rpw;wurpd; xU gFjpahf ,Ue;jJ vd;gJk; gpupj;jhdpau; Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; 1947 Mk; Mz;L tiuapy; ep[hk;fshy; Msg;gl;lJ vd;gJk; gyUf;Fj; njupahj tplakhFk;. ,g;gpuhe;jpa kf;fs; Xtpak;> ,yf;fpak;> ,ir> eldk;> fyhrhuk; vd;gtw;wpy; jdpj;Jtkhd Nghf;ifAk; tof;fhWfs;> kuGfs; kw;Wk; r%f epWtdq;fs; kPjhd ,ay;ghd ehl;lj;ijAk; nfhz;bUe;jdu;. njYq;fhdh khepyk; jdf;Nf cupa jdpj;Jtkhd gz;biffisf; nfhz;lhLfpd;wJ. ngUk;ghyhd Vida gz;biffisg; Nghyd;wp ,g;gz;biffSf;F Guhz ,jpfhrq;fSld; njhlu;Gfs; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. Mlk;gukhd Kiwapy; Nguhu;tj;Jld; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; ,g;gz;biffs; tho;fi ; ff;fhd vjpu;ghu;gi ; gAk; ctifiaAk; Mu;tj;ijAk; rpj;jupf;fpd;wd.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

NkypUe;J fbfhuj; jpirapy;: nghdhY Cu;tyk;; KuRf;fhuu;fSk; Ml;lf;fhuu;fSk; Kd;dzpapy; nry;fpwhu;fs;; gJfk;kh jpUtpohtpd; NghJ xOq;fikf;fg;gl;l kyu;fisg; ngz; flTshff; fUjp tzq;Ffpd;wdu;; nklhuk; [w;whuh> ,e;jpahtpd; ,uz;lhtJ kpfg;ngupa gf;ju;fspd; xd;W$ly;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fyhrhuk; NkNy nghdhYtpd; NghJ Nrhw;Wg; ghidfisr; Rke;J nry;Yk; ngz;fs; fPNo rptuhj;jpupiaf; nfhz;lhLtjw;fhf vLghahyh Nfhapypy; %d;W ehs; re;ij elhj;jg;gLfpd;wJ

nklhuk; [w;whuh: kpfg;ngupa Nfhj;jpu xd;W$ly Fk;gNkshTf;F mLj;jjhf ,uz;lhtJ kpfg;ngupa xd;W$lyhf ,J tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,J ngg;utup khjj;jpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; xU Nfhj;jpug; gz;bifahFk;. ,J mePjpahd rl;lj;jpw;F vjpuhf Ml;rpahsu;fSld; rz;ilapl;l rk;kf;fh> ruyk;kh vdg;gLk; xU jhiaAk; kfisAk; epidT$u;fpd;w xU jpUtpohthFk;. ,j;jpUtpoh njYq;fhdh khepyj;jpd; thuq;fy; khtl;lj;jpy; jl;it ke;jhypy; cs;s nklhuk; vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; ,U tUlq;fSf;F xU Kiw nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wJ.

nghdhY: ed;wpf;fld; gUfhyj; jpUtpoh Neu;ri ; rfs; epiwNtwpaikf;fhd ed;wpf;fldhfTk; ,aw;if mdu;jj ; q;fs; Fiwe;j rpwe;j kiotPor ; r ; pia Ntz;bAk; kfh fhsp mk;kd; flTSf;F nra;ag;gLk; xU topghlhf mrhjh ([_iy-Mf];l); khjj;jpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; nghdhY tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,k;khjj;jpd; xt;nthU Qhapw;Wf;fpoikAk; midtUk; Gj;jhilfSk; Mguzq;fSk; mzpe;j epiyapy; kz; tpsf;fpdhYk; Ntg;gk; ,iyfshYk; %lg;gl;L myq;fupf;fg;gl;l nrg;Gf; Flq;fisj; jq;fs; jiyfspy; itj;J rkepiy jtwhJ Cu;tykhf ele;J nry;tu;. ,f;Flq;fs; ghYk; rPdpAk; Nru;jJ ; r; rikf;fg;gl;l Nghdk; vdg;gLk; Nrhw;iwf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. njOq;F nkhopapy; Nghdk; vd;gjd; fUj;J Ngh[dk; my;yJ czT vd;gjhFk;. ,e;j Cu;tyj;jpd; Kd;dpiyapy; KuR nfhl;Lgtu;fSk; Ml;lf;fhuu;fSk; flTs; Jjpg;ghly;fSf;F Vw;g Mbg; ghbathW nry;tu;.

vLgahyh [w;whuh: Gdpj ePuhl;lk; ngg;utup khjj;jpy; rptuhj;jpupia Kd;dpl;L Nklhf; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s vLgahyh Nfhapypy; %d;W

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

gJfk;kh gz;bifapd; NghJ ngz;fs; xd;W$b kQ;rs; J}Sk; Fq;FkKk; gupkhwpf; nfhs;thu;fs;

ehs; re;ijahf ,J eilngWfpd;wJ. Nkw;gFjpapy; kQ;rs; J}spdhy; nra;ag;gl;l xU ,e;jpah KOtijAk; Nru;ej ; > Fwpg;ghf $k;gfk; itf;fg;gLk;. fu;ehlfh> k`huh\;lu; h khepyq;fisr; Nru;ej ; Ju;fh\;lkp (J];N]uh jpUtpohTf;F ,uz;L gf;ju;fs; tdJu;fh Njtp flTSf;F tzf;fk; ehl;fSf;F Kd;du;) tz;zkakhd gl;Lr; nrYj;Jtjw;fhf $l;lkhf $l;lkhf NriyfisAk; tpiyAau;ej ; tUtu;. gf;ju;fs;> Nfhjhthup Mguzq;fisAk; mzpe;j ngz;fs; ejpapd; xU fpis ejpahd kQ;rpuh jq;fs; ifapy; gJfk;khnthd;iw xU Nfhj;jpug; ejpapd; VO rpW ejpfs; xd;whff; Ve;jpathW R+upa m];jkdj;jpw;Fg; gz;bifahd fyf;Fk; ,lj;jpy; Gdpj ePuhl;lj;ij gpd;du; xd;W$Ltu;. mtu;fs; nklhuk; [w;whuh> Nkw;nfhs;thu;fs;. gJfk;khf;fisr; R+o xU ngupa tl;lkhf epd;W xUkpj;j Fuypy; ,e;jpahtpy; ghbathW xj;jpirthdKiwapy; Fk;gNkshTf;F gJfk;kh: kyu;fspdJk; mbnaLj;J itj;jthW iffisj; VupfspdJk; nfhz;lhl;lk; mLj;jjhf jl;bathW tl;lkhfr; nry;tu;. xt;nthU tUlKk; ngz;ikiag; ,uz; l htJ mjd; gpd;du; mtu;fs; xU ePu; ghuhl;Lk; xU nfhz;lhl;lkhf epiyia Nehf;fp Cu;tykhfr; ,lj;jpYs;s nrg;lk;gu;-xf;Nlhgu; khjq;fspy; nrd;W ,e;j gJfk;khf;fis ePupy; Ju;fh etuhj;jpup fhyj;jpy; kpfg;ngupa kpjf;f tpLtu;. gpd;du; mg;ngz;fs; xd;gJ ehl;fSf;F gJfk;kh xd;W$lyhFk; `y;b (kQ;rs; J}s;)Ak; Fq;FkKk; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wJ. njYq;F (r%f/ rka milahsq;fSf;fhfg; nkhopapy; gJfk;kh vd;gJ gad;gLj;jg;gLk; rptg;G epwj; J}s;) capNuhL Njhd;Wk; jha;j; nja;tk; vd;W nghUs;. gupkhwpf;nfhs;tJld; (rPdpAk;/fUg;gl;bAk; NfhJik gJfk;kh vd;gJ flTshf tzq;fg;gLk; G+f;fspd; khTk; Nru;jJ ; ,g;gz;biff;fhf tpNrlkhfr; tbtikg;ghFk;. $k;G tbtpyhd xU Nkl;Lg; nra;ag;gl;l xU tif ,dpg;Gg; gz;lkhd) gFjpiar; Rw;wp mikf;fg;gl;l kyu; mLf;Ffspd; kyPjhitAk; jq;fSf;Fs; gfpu;eJ ; nfhs;tu;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fyhrhuk;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

gl;lq;fs; caug;

gwf;Fk; NghJ... mWitj; jpUtpohthd kfu rq;fpuhe;jp> ,e;jpaf; fyhr;rhuj;jpy; ey;y rFdKs;s fhyk; njhlq;Ftijf; Fwpf;fpwJ

,e;jpahtpYs;s jpUtpohf;fs; rka> r%f kw;Wk; czHT uPjpahd njhlHig kl;Lk; nfhz;lit my;y. xt;nthU tUlKk; kfu rq;fpuhe;jp (adtup 14 mstpy;) md;W gl;lq;fis Vw;WtJ Nghd;w rpy kuGfs; MNuhf;fpa ed;ikfisAk; epug;gpf;nfhz;L tUfpd;wd ,e;j ehspy; #upad; tlf;Fj; jpiria Nehf;fp efHtjhy; (njd;jpirapypUe;J tljpirf;Fs; Eiojy;) md;W gl;lq;fis Vw;WNthUf;F #upadpd; ed;ikfs; fpilf;fpd;wd> Mjyhy; ,J Neha;j;njhw;wile;j kw;Wk; FspHfhyq;fspy; tuz;LNghd kdpj clYf;F xU kUe;jhfr; nraw;gLfpwJ. ntapypy; epd;W xUtH gl;lj;ij Vw;Wifapy;> clypy; UV fjpHfs; gLfpd;wd> ,it njhw;WfisAk; Jg;Gutpd;ikiaAk; ePf;Ffpd;wd. rka uPjpahd fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy;> kfu rq;fpuhe;jp vd;gJ ,e;jpahtpy; xU mWtilj; jpUtpohthff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jj; jpUtpohtpd; ikak; F[uhj; khepykhFk;> ,q;F ,J cj;juhad; vd;W nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. F[uhj; cy;yhrg;gazj; JiwahdJ tUlhe;j rHtNjr gl;lj; jpUtpohit Vw;ghL nra;fpwJ> ,J cyfk; KOtJkpUe;J gq;Fgw;WgtHfisf; ftHfpwJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy;> mikjpahd ePyepw thdj;jpy; vz;zw;w tbtq;fs;>

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fyhrhuk;

gl;lq;fisg; gw;wp mwpf gl;lq;fs; ghuk; Fiwthd fljhrp kw;Wk; %q;fpypy; nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. kw;iwa gl;lq;fspd; E}y;fis ntl;Ltjw;F gykhfTk; $HikahfTk; ,Uf;FkhW nra;tjw;F> gUj;jp ,iofSf;F (khQ;rh) cuhaf;$ba nghUl;fs; (fz;zhbj; J} s; kw;Wk; muprpg; gir nfhz;l tpNrl fyit) g+rg;gLfpd;wd. gl;lq;fspd; msT xd;gJ mq;Fyj;jpypUe;J 3 mb tiu tpj;jpahrg;gLk;. ruhrup tpiy: &. 2 njhlf;fk; &. 50

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

tpj;jpahrkhd epwq;fspYs;s gUj;jp E}y;fs; tpw;gidapy;> rhak; g+rg;gLk; E}ypiofs;

msTfs; kw;Wk; tbtikg;Gfisf; nfhz;l rhjpfs; kw;Wk; rKjhaq;fs; vd;w vy;iyfs; Mapuf;fzf;fhd tz;zkakhd gl;lq;fs; fpilahJ. cj;juhad; ehsd;W> Ce;jpA Gs;spNghLfpd;wd. ,utpy;> tpsf;Fg; gl;lq;fs; (kuf;fwp ,d;Rit)> [pNygp (,dpg;G) kw;Wk; (xspa+l;lg;gl;l ngl;bg; gl;lq;fs;) thdpy; yl;L (vs;spy; nra;ag;gl;l ,dpg;Gfy;) Vw;wg;gLfpd;wd> ngUk;ghYk; ,J xU E} Kjypatw;iwf; nfhz;l ghuk;gupa tpUe;J ypy; xU njhlH gl;lq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;> gilf;fg;gLk;. ntt;NtW ,e;jpar; r%fj;jpdH ,e;j kfu rq;fpuhe;jpia ntt;NtW tpjq;fspy; MfNt ,J kdij kaf;FfpwJ. nfhz;lhLfpd;wdH. kfhuh~;buhtpy;> vs;Sk; gapHfspy; ed;ik nra;jjw;fhf #upaf; rHf;fiuAk; gupkhwg;gLk; flTSf;F mbgzpe;J> mNjNtis> gl;lj;ij ed;wpnjuptpg;gjhy; gl;lk; Vw;Wjy; fl;lhakhf Vw;w Ntz;Lk;. vd;gJ rkar; rlq;Ffspy; xU gapHfspy; ed;ik jkpo;ehl;by;> ,ij nghq;fy; Kf;fpakhd gFjpahf cs;sJ. nra;jjw;fhf vd;W nfhz;lhLfpd;wdH> ,e;jj; jpUtpohTf;F xU fpoik #upaf; flTSf;F ,jd;NghJ kf;fs; rHf;fiug; Kd;djhf m`kjhghj;jpy; nghq;fy; tpUe;Jz;gH. gQ;rhg;gpy; mbgzpe;J> xU tpNrl 24x7 gl;lr; re;ij Nyh`;up vd;W $wg;gl;L> adtup Muk;gpf;fpwJ. mjpfhiyapy; ed;wpnjuptpg;gjhy; 13 Mk; jpfjpad;W ghl;L> njhlq;fp me;jpg;nghOJ tiu> gl;lk; Vw;Wjy; eldk; kw;Wk; topghLfSld; ifapy; gl;lq;fisAk; E} vd;gJ nfhz;lhlg;gLk;. iyAk; gpbj;Jf;nfhz;L fHehlfhtpy;> ,dpg;GfSk; kf;fs; jq;fs; jsj;ij rlq;Ffspy; Ntg;gk; ,iy-rHf;fiuf; $iuAr;rpfspw;F khw;Wtjhy; xU Kf;fpakhd fyitAk; gupkhwg;gLk;. Nkfq;fs; ghHg;gjw;F rpwe;j xU gFjpahf cs;sJ ,khr;ryg; gpuNjrj;jpYk; fhl;rpahFk;. gl;lr; rz;ilfspd; `upahdhtpYk;> ,J k`p NghJ> xUtH kw;wtupd; vd;W $wg;gLifapy;> fh\;kPH gl;lj;jpd; E}iy mWj;Jtpl;L> gs;sj;jhf;fpy; rpRH Nrd;fpuhl; vdg;gLfpwJ. jhd; ntw;wpngw;wijf; Fwpg;gpLtjw;F ehd; cj;jug; gpuNjrj;jpYk; gP`hupYk; cs;s kf;fs; mWj;Jtpl;NlNd vd;W rj;jk; NghLtJ rHf;fiuAk; vs;Sk; NrHj;Jr; nra;ag;gLk; rhjhuzkhf elf;fpwJ. ,dpg;GfisAk;> fpr;rbiaAk; (muprp kw;Wk; ,e;jj; jpUtpohtpw;F thdk; jhd; gUg;G czTtif) nra;J tpUe;Jz;gH. vy;iyahf ,Ug;gjhy; taJf; FOf;fs;>

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

gpuahzk;

Gdpj Kf;Nfhzk; xbrhtpd; flw;fiuNahu ,aw;iff;fhl;rp khRglhj kw;Wk; mofhdJ. ,e;j gutrg;gLj;Jfpd;w ,lj;jpy; mike;Js;s Kf;fpakhd rkaj; jyq;fs; kw;Wk; tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;Jtkhd efuq;fs; gpugykhd fpof;fpd; jq;f Kf;Nfhzg; gFjpia cUthf;Ffpd;wd ciu | fy;ahzp gpuh~H

ypq;fuh[h Nfhapy;> GtNd];tH ,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

vg;NghJ nry;tJ xf;NuhgH njhlf;fk; khHr; tiu. nfhdhHf; eldj; jpUtpohit xl;b xU Rw;Wyhitj; jpl;lkplTk;.

vd;d thq;FtJ gpg;ypNtiyg;ghL> kuf; filry; Ntiyfs; kw;Wk; goq;Fb kzp cNyhf nra;nghUl;fs;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

gpuahzk; GtNd];tH me;j khepyj;jpNyNa kpfg;ngupa efukhd GtNd];tH> nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rka Kf;fpaj;Jtk; epiwe;j ikakhFk;> ,J 3000-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l tUl tuyhw;iwf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,e;jg; Guhjd efukhdJ fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; fiyfspy; Kw;wpYk; CwpAs;s NghjpYk;> ,q;Fs;s Kf;fpa ,lk; 11 Mk; E}w;whz;ilr; NrHe;j ypq;fuh[h NfhapyhFk;> ,J efuj;jpd; ,aw;iff;fhl;rpapy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;JfpwJ>

,jd; NfhGuk; thdj;jpw;Fs; 55 kPww ; H caHe;Js;sJ. xbrh Nfhapy; fl;llf;fiyapd; kpfr;rpwe;j cjhuzq;fspy; ,J xd;whFk;. fl;llf;fiyiaf; fw;Wk; khztHfs; ,q;Fs;s EZf;fkhd nrJf;fy; Ntiyfisg; ghHj;J thailj;Jg; Nghfyhk;> Md;kf P ehl;lk; nfhz;l xUtH> ghjp rptd; vd;Wk; ghjp tp\;Z vd;Wk; fUjg;gLk; `up-`u ypq;fj;jpw;F topghL nrYj;j tupirapy; epd;whf Ntz;Lk;.

mw;Gjkhd ghiwapy; ntl;lg;gl;l cja;fpup kw;Wk; fe;jfpup Fiffs;

mwpe;Jnfhs;sr; rpwe;jJ fl;lhak; nry;y Ntz;ba ,lq;fs; tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;JtKs;s fe;jfpup kw;Wk; cja;fpup. ,e;j kiyfs; jkf;Fs;Ns mw;Gjkhd ghiwapy; ntl;lg;gl;l Fiffis mlf;fpAs;sd. ,e;jf; Fiffs; fp.K 1tJ E} w;whz;L fhykstpy; i[d JwtpfSf;fhf File;J cUthf;fg;gl;ljhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ. gpukhz;l nrJf;fy;fisAk;> ,uz;L khbapyike;j uhzpFk;gh ,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

JwtpaH klj;ijAk; ghHg;gjw;fhf `l;bFk;ghit jtw tplf; $lhJ.

vd;d nra;tJ gl;l rpj;jpuk;> cNyhf Ntiyg;ghL> nts;spr; rupifNtiy kw;Wk; vf;fk;uh `hl; tshfj;ijr; NrHe;j fy; nrJf;fy;fs; Nghd;w iftpidg;nghUl;fisAk;> gfyh> Gyht;> fpr;rb> Kf jhyp> MY g+yNfhgp gh[h> fhe;jh... Nghd;w mg;gFjpf;NfAupa UrpAs;s czTfisAk; thq;fTk;.

#upaf; NfhapyhdJ NfhdhHf; eldj; jpUtpohtpd; gpd;dzpia cUthf;FfpwJ

NfhdhHf; Nfhapy; fl;llf;fiy> khRwhj flw;fiu kw;Wk; xU <bizaw;w fyhr;rhuj; jpUtpoh... gz;ila efukhd NfhdhHf;Ff;Fr; nry;tjw;F gy fhuzq;fs; cs;sd> NkYk; mit vy;yhNk jk;kJ P cq;fs; ftdj;ij <Hf;fg; NghJkhdit. ePqf ; s;> tof;fkhf ngg;utup khjj;jpy; elhj;jg;gLk; NfhdhHf; eldj; jpUtpoh fhyj;jpy; mq;F nrd;why;> NkYs;s %d;iwAk; xd;whf ePqf ; s; urpf;fyhk;. mw;Gjkhd #upaf; Nfhapy; 13Mk; E}w;whz;by; fl;lg;gl;lJ kw;Wk; ,J flYf;Fg; gf;fj;jpy; cs;sJ. ,e;j NeHj;jpahd

Kf;fpa Nfhapiyf; fl;b Kbf;f 1200 rpw;gf;fiyQHfSf;F 12 tUlq;fs; vLj;jd. xU Njiug; Nghd;W tbtk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,J #upaf; flTshd #upaidf; fhtpr; nry;tjhff; fUjg;gLk;> cyfpYs;s rkaf; fl;llf;fiyapd; kpf mofhd cjhuzq;fspy; ,e;jf; NfhapYk; xd;whFk;. ,aw;ifiag; ghuhl;Ltjw;F> ePqf ; s; nra;a Ntz;banjy;yhk; mUfpYs;s me;j fz;Zf;fpdpa re;jpugfh flw;fiuapy; ele;J nry;tJjhd;> ,e;jpahtpYs;s kpfr;rpwe;j flw;fiufspy; ,JTk; jukjpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

mwpe;Jnfhs;sr; rpwe;jJ fl;lhak; nry;y Ntz;ba ,lq;fs; ghuk;gupa kw;Wk; ehl;Lg;Gw eld tbtq;fspd; gpugy MjuthsHfs; 10 ehs; fyhr;rhu fz;izf;ftUk; epfo;r;rpahd NfhdhHf; eldj; jpUtpohTf;fhf xd;W$Lfpd;wdH. mNjhL NrHj;J xupah rikaiyAk; fiyg;nghUl;fisAk; toq;Fk; rpWfilfSk; ,Uf;Fk;. epfo;r;rpfs;>

gpd;dzpapy; #upaf; Nfhapy; ,Uf;f khiy Ntisapy; njhlq;Ffpd;wd.

vd;d nra;tJ mz;ikapy; Njhz;bnaLj;j ngsj;j jykhd FUkhtpw;Fr; nry;Yq;fs;> NfhdhHf;fpypUe;J 10 fp.kP J} uj;jpYs;s ,e;j ,lj;jpy; g+kp];gupr Kj;jpiuapy; mkHe;jpUf;Fk; Gj;jiug; ghHf;fyhk;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

gpuahzk;

g+up g+upapy; nra;af;$ba kpfr;rpwe;j nray; vd;dntd;why; me;j mofpa flw;fiuapy; xU NtiyANk nra;a kdkpy;yhky; mkHe;jpUg;gJjhd;> mq;F Vuhskhd cy;yhrg;gazpfs; te;Jnrd;whYk; $l> ,d;dKk; mJ khRwhj ,lkhfNt cs;sJ. cyfg; gpugykhd n[fd;dhjH Nfhapy; ,Uf;Fk; me;jg; Gdpj efupd; Rj;jkhd fhw;iwr; Rthrpj;J cq;fs; Gjpa ehisj; njhlq;Fifapy;> #upa cjaj;ij mjd; njspthd jz;zuP pd; kPJ ghHj;J kfpoyhk;. xbrhtpYs;s kpfTaHe;j Nfhapyhd ,J Nfhapy; fl;llf;fiyf;F xU NeHj;jpahd

cjhuzkhFk;> NkYk; ,J 12 Mk; E}w;whz;L fhyj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;lJ. 16-gf;fKs;s xw;iwg;ghs J}zhd mUzh ];uhk;igg; ghHf;fhky; tpl;Ltpl Ntz;lhk;> ,J #upaf; NfhapypypUe;J 18 Mk; E} w;whz;by; g+upf;Ff; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ. n[fd;dhj flTSf;fhf jpdKk; 54 czTg; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;l kfhgpurhjk; jahupf;fg;gLfpwJ. uj ahj;jpiu my;yJ “NjHfspd; jpUtpoh"Tf;F g+up ngaHngw;Ws;sJ> ,j;jpUtpoh n[fd;dhj flTspd; tpf;fpufj;ij NfhapypypUe;J ntspapy; nfhz;LtUk; a+d; khjj;jpy; elf;fpwJ.

mwpe;Jnfhs;sr; rpwe;jJ fl;lhak; nry;y Ntz;ba ,lq;fs; a+d; khjj;jpy; elf;Fk; tUlhe;j uj ahj;jpiuapd; NghJ> n[fd;dhj flTs;> ghygj;uh kw;Wk; Rgj;uh tpf;fpufq;fs; xU tz;zkakhd gtdpapy; Fz;br;rh NfhapYf;F vLj;Jr;nry;yg;gl;L> gpujhd NfhapYf;Fj; cyfg; gpugykhd uj ahj;jpiuapd; NghJ [fd;dhj Nfhapypd; tbtg; gpujp

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

jpUk;gp tUk; Kd;dH mq;F xd;gJ ehl;fs; itf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

vd;d nra;tJ gl;Lr; Nriyfspy; KjyPL nra;Aq;fs; nghk;if> grghyp kw;Wk; Ifhw; Mfpatw;wpypUe;J njupTnra;Aq;fs;. my;yJ gidNahiy Xtpak; xd;iw tPl;Lf;Ff; nfhz;Lnry;Yq;fs;.

ghuhl;L

,d;dpirf; Fapiy

nfsutpj;jy

ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rpdhy; ntspaplg;gl;l ,e;jpag; ngz; (The Indian Woman) vd;W E}iy> ,e;jpahtpd; kpfg; gpurpj;jpngw;w ghlfpahd yjh kq;Nf\;fhu;> ngUkpjj;Jld; Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhu;

ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rpdhy; ntspaplg;gl;Ls;s ,e;jpag; ngz; vd;w E}y; ,e;jpag; ngz;fspd; czu;Tfis nfsutpf;Fk; xU E}yhFk;. ,e;E}y;> ghy;NtWghl;ilAk; r%f mePjpfisAk; nghUl;gLj;jhJ> jj;jkJ Jiwfspy; rpwg;Gw;W tpsq;Ffpdw; 32 ngz;fisg; gw;wpg; NgRfpd;wJ. ,e;j jsuhj cs;sk; gilj;j ijuparhypfSf;fhd kpfr; rpwe;j cjhuzkhf> cyfshtpa uPjpay; ngUk; ghuhl;ilg; ngw;w ghlfpAk; ,e;jpahtpd; kpfTk; Nerj;Jf;Fupa ,d;dpirf; FapYkhd yjh kq;Nf\;fhu; tpsq;Ffpd;whu;. bb (mf;fh) vd;W md;ghf miof;fg;gLk; mtu; gj;k G+\d;> gj;k tpG+\d; vd;gd cs;spl;l fPuj ; j ; pkpf;f gy tpUJfis ntd;wtuhthu;. NkYk; mtUf;F Njrj;jpd; mjpAau; nfsutkhd – ghuj; uj;dh tpUJk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 85 tajpYk; mtu; ,e;jpaj; jpiug;glq;fSf;Fj; njhlu;eJ ; k; ghb tUfpd;whu;. mtu; vy;vk; kpA+rpf; (LM Music) vd;w ngaupy; jdf;Nf cupa ,irf; FOit itj;Js;shu;. ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rpd; rpNu\;l cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; Kk;ghapYs;s yjh kq;Nf\;fhu; mtu;fspd; ,y;yj;Jf;F tp[ak; nra;J> mtuJ jpwikiag; ghuhl;Lk; fbjnkhd;Wld; ,e;jpag; ngz; vd;w E}iy toq;fp nfsutpj;jdu;.

epjp nrsj;jpup (,e;jpa ntspehl;L Nrit)> E} iy yjh kq;Nf\;fhUf;F toq;Ffpd;whu;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs;

fl;llf;fiyj; jpwikapd;

kuGr;nrhj;J cyfg; gpugykhd FJg; kpdhUf;Fg; gf;fj;jpYs;s nk`;nusyp njhy;nghUspay; g+q;fhTf;Fr; nry;tjd; %yk;> njhlHr;rpahf 1000 tUlq;fs; Mf;fpukpj;J ,Ug;gjw;F rhl;rpahfTs;s nly;ypapd; xU gFjpahf ,Uq;fs;

cyfg; ghuk;gupaj; jykhf FJg; gpdhUf;Fg; gf;fthl;by; xl;bf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; nk`;nusyp njhy;nghUspay; g+q;fh 100 Vf;fH gRikahd fhzpapy; ,Uf;fpwJ. nly;yp rupj;jpuj;jpd; xt;nthU rfhg;jj;jpy; ,Ue;Jk;> mjhtJ ,];yhk; kjj;jpw;F Ke;ija fhyk; njhlq;fp gpe;ija Kfyha kw;Wk; fhydpj;Jt fhyq;fs; tiu> vr;rq;fs; mg;gFjpapy; Gs;sp Gs;spahf cs;sJ. ,q;F nly;ypapy; NjhkH uh[;Gl;fs; KjyhtJ jw;fhg;Gf; Nfhl;ilahd yhy; Nfhl;ilia epHkhzpj;j mNjrkak;> mtHfisj; njhlHe;Jte;j nrsfH Ml;rpahsHfs; yhy; Nfhl;ilia fpyh uha; gpNjhuhit cUthf;f mfyg;gLj;jpdH. 12Mk; E}w;whz;bd; gpw;gFjpapy;> nly;yp Ry;jhd; ,uhr;rpaj;ij epWtpa Fl;Gl;bd; Ighf; ,ij Ry;jhd; ,uhr;rpa mjpfhu ,Uf;ifahf Mf;fp> gy fy;yiwfisAk; gs;spthry;fisAk; fl;bdhH. QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fisf; fl;Lk; Nghf;fhdJ njhlHe;Jte;j Ml;rpahsHfspd; Ml;rp ePsj;jpw;Fj; njhlHe;jJ. gs;spthry; kw;Wk; 16Mk; E}w;whz;L ,];yhkpaj;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Jwtp nksyhdh [khypapd; rkhjp> khjp k];[pj;> uN[hd; fp ghNthyp kw;Wk; mf;gH rf;futHj;jpapd; tsHg;Gr; rNfhjuH Fyp fhdpd; rkhjp Nghd;w fl;llq;fs; ,e;jr; rfhg;jj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;ld. Fyp fhdpd; rkhjpia Njhk]; nkw;fhy;/ gpapd; (gfJ}H \h ]/ghH rf;futHj;jpapd; gupthuq;fspd; filrp gpupl;b\; trpg;gplk;) ghJfhg;gplj;jpd; tpupthf;fk; kw;Wk; ghyk;> $iufs; kw;Wk; tpUe;jpdH khspiffisr; NrHj;J Njhw;wj;ij khw;Wjy; Nghd;w Gduikg;Gfs;> fhydpj;Jt rfhg;jj;jpd; NghJ epiwNtw;wg;gl;ld. g+q;fhtpy; xOq;fw;w tbt ghiwr; rha;Tfs;> gs;sj;jhf;Ffs;> rkntspfs; kw;Wk; ePHepiyfs;> nraw;ifahf kdpjH mikj;jit Nghd;wtw;Wld; khWgl;lnjhU jiuj;Njhw;wk; cs;sJ. kdpjHfs; mikj;jtw;wpy; n`s];-I-\hk;rp> uN[hd; fp gNthyp> fe;jhf; fp gNthyp> [hHdh kw;Wk; Kd;dH xU Fskhf ,Ue;j Fyp fhd; rkhjpf;Ff; fPohd gs;sk; Nghd;wit mlq;Fk;. ,d;W> ,e;jg; g+q;fh me;efUf;Fupa xU gRikahd ,lkhfr; nray;gLfpwJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Fyp fhd; rkhjp 17Mk; E}w;whz;by; fl;lg;gl;l Fyp fhd; rkhjpahdJ yhy; Nfhl;ilapd; Kidapy; ,Uf;fpwJ. Kfyha rf;futHj;jp mf;gUf;F ghY}l;b tsHj;j kfk; mq;fhtpd; kfd;jhd; Fyp fhd;. 1840fspy;> gfJ}H \h ]/ghupd; gupthuj;jpy; ,Ue;j filrp gpupl;b\; FbapUg;ghsuhd Njhk]; nkw;fhy;/gpahy; Njhl;lq;fs;> rkjiufs; kw;Wk; tpUe;jpdH khspiffs; Kjypatw;Wld; me;jr; rkhjp xU thu ,Wjp ehl;fisf; fopf;Fk; ,lkhf khw;wg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F by;F\h (,jaj;jpw;F ,jkhdJ) vdg; ngauplg;gl;lJ. gpujhd tjptplj;jpd; ikakhf rkhjpia itj;J mJ jpl;lkplg;gl;lJ> ePHf; fhy;tha;fs; kw;Wk; rpy mikg;Gr; NrHg;Gfs; %yk; jiuj;Njhw;wk; mikf;fg;gl;lJ.

nkw;fhy;/gpapd; NfhGuk; jdpr;rpwg;ghd Mq;fpNya tof;f jiuj;Njhw;wj;jpy; nkw;fhy;/ gp %yk; NrHf;fg;gl;l ~NfhGuk;' vd;w ,e;j mikg;G mWNfhz tbthdJ kw;Wk; xU nraw;ifahd Nkl;bd; kPJ epw;fpwJ. vl;L fw;J} z;fs;> ,e;J fl;llf;fiy Nfhapy; tbtikg;igg; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;Ak; mNjNtis> tisTfspd; fUJNfhs; kw;Wk; tbtkhdJ Mq;fpNya fl;llf;fiyapd; jdpr;rpwg;ghFk;. NfhGukhdJ ,];yhkpa Nky;khlj;jhy; ntw;wpnfhs;sg;gl;lJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs;

ghy;gdpd; rkhjp

Muk;gfhy nly;yp Ry;jhd; ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; gy “mbik" Ml;rpahsHfspd; xUtuhd ghy;gdpd; 13Mk; E}w;whz;bw;Fupa rkhjp> ,e;jg; g+q;fhtpd; Nkw;Fg; gf;fj;jpy; mike;Js;sJ. cz;ikahd tisTfisAk; Nky;khlq;fisAk; cgNahfpj;j ,e;jpahtpYs;s KjyhtJ gpujhd fl;llk; ,Jthfj;jhd; ,Ue;jJ. JUf;fpf;F Kd;dhd ,e;jpaf; fl;llf;fiyfspy; nghJthff; fhzg;gLk; J}z; kw;Wk; tpl;l mikg;igf; nfhz;l EioT thapy; Clhf ,jw;Fs; nry;y KbAk;. epiwFl myq;fhu mk;rq;fs; rpy Fwpj;j gFjpfspy; cgNahfpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Pres s

Qila Lal Kot (in ruins)

in rob Au

Qutub Minar Complex

Metcalfe's Folly

Rajon ki Baoli and adjacent Mosque

Metcalfe's Bridge Entry

Qila Rai Pithora (in ruins)

oa d

Qila Rai Pithora Walls

on R

urg a li G Me hra u

Dadabari Jain Mandir

Hauz-eShamsi

Dhola Peer

Tomb and Wall Mosque

Mehrauli Archaeological Park

Jharna

Qutub Golf Course

Balban’s Tomb

Jamali Kamali’s Mosque and Tomb

Jahaz Mahal

arg

Azim Khan’s Tomb Anuvrat Marg

Ka l ka

Metcalfe's Boathouse

Gandhak ki Baoli

R oa d

Lado Sarai

Quli Khan’s Tomb

rg Ma d as

M do

Enc lave

Ladha Sarai

lh De

o etr iM

Qutub Minar

e Lin

Tiuglf; Fwpg;G Ng&e;J epiyak; kyry$lq;fs; nkw;Nwh epiyak; —N`hN`h Ng&e;Jg; ghij (nly;ypapy; n`hg; xd; n`hg; X/g; cy;yhrg;gazp Ng&e;J Nrit)

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

[khyp fkhypapd; gs;spthry; kw;Wk; rkhjp ghy;gdpd; rkhjpf;Fj; njw;fhf RkhH 300 kP J}uj;jpy; mike;Js;s ,e;j Kfyha tshfk;> [khyp vd;w Ngdh ngaupy; vOjp te;j 16Mk; E} w;whz;bd; ftpQH> gpuahzp kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa kiw nka;Q;Qhdp nra;f; /g];Yy;yhthy; fl;lg;gl;lJ. mtH> Nyhb kw;Wk; Kfyha fhyq;fisr; NrHe;j Gfo;ngw;w muritf; ftpQuhthH. 1528-,y; fl;lg;gl;l gs;spthriy> Nkw;Fg;gf;fr; Rtapy; Ie;J gs;spaiw khlq;fisf; nfhz;l xU jdpahd caHe;j Nky;khlk; jhz;btpl;lJ. ,J rptg;G kzw;ghiw kw;Wk; nts;is gspq;Ff;fy;ypy; rpf;fyhd glq;fisf; nfhz;l nly;yp

FthHl;irw;wpy; fl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. mUfpYs;s gs;spthrypy; nksyhdh [khypapd; rkhjp cs;sJ> ,J Qhdpapd; tho;ehs; fhyj;jpy;> 1529-,y; fl;lg;gl;lJ. mtH 1536-,y; ,we;jNghJ> ,e;j miwapy; [khyp Gijf;fg;gl;lhH. ,e;jf; fy;yiwapy; mtUila nrhe;jr; nra;As;fs; rpy nghwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd kw;Wk; mq;F ,uz;L fy;yiwfs; cs;sd. eLtpy; ,Ug;gJ [khypapd; fy;yiw vd;Wk;> kw;wJ Qhdpapd; $l;lhspahd fkhypAilaJ vd;Wk; ek;gg;gLfpwJ> Mdhy; fkhyp gw;wp vJTNk njupahJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs;

uN[hd; fp gNthyp Nyhb fhyj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;l %d;W khbfSs;s gbf; fpzwhd uN[hd; fp gNthyp vd;w ngaH mjd; nraw;ghl;bypUe;J tUtpf;fg;gl;lJ> Vnddpy; gNthyp (gbf; fpzW) rpwpJ fhykhf uh[; (fl;Lkhd Ntiy nra;gtHfshy;) ghtpf;fg;gl;lJ. gNthypapYs;s jz;zPH rikf;fTk; Fbf;fTk; vdf; fUjg;gl;lJ. gNthyp> xU Kidapy; gbfisAk; mLj;j Kidapy; tl;lkhd fpziwAk; nfhz;l xU ehd;F kl;l nrt;tfj; njhl;b. ,jd; gf;fq;fspd; ePsj;jpw;F mofhf Nrhlid nra;ag;gl;l tisTfshy; %lg;gl;l ePz;l nfhupNlhHfs; cs;sd.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

f;th[h KfkJtpd; rkhjp gNthypf;F mUfpYs;sJ xU gs;spthry;> kw;Wk; xU rkhjpahdJ muq;fpy; mike;Js;sJ. rkhjpapd; kPJ nghwpf;fg;gl;Ls;s thrfk;> 1506,y; rpfe;jH Nyhbapd; Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; xU f;th[h KfkJtpd; vr;rq;fs; kPJ nlsyw; fhd; ,ijf; fl;bdhH vd;W $WfpwJ. ,e;jr; rkhjp xU rhj;up my;yJ J}Zs;s $lhu tbtpy; cs;sJ. 1506-,y; ,e;jf; fl;llq;fs; fl;lg;gl;l mNj fhyg;gFjpapNyNa gNthypAk; ngUk;ghYk; fl;lg;gl;L> gs;spthrypy; njhOiffs; elf;Fk; Kd;dH ePuhLtjw;Fg; ghtpf;fg;gl;lJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs;

Mjhk; fhd; rkhjp mf;gupd; ,uhZtj;jpy; Mjhk; fhd; xU n[duyhf ,Ue;jhH> mtH kfk; mq;ftpd; kfd;. 1562-,y;> mtUf;Fj; jha;g;ghY}l;ba ,d;ndhU jhahd [p[p mq;ftpd; fztH ml;lfh fhid mtH nfhd;whH> mijaLj;J rf;futHj;jpapd; cj;jutpd; Ngupy; Mf;uh Nfhl;ilapd; $iuapypUe;J mtH fPNo J}f;fp vwpag;gl;lhH. 1566-,y; mf;guhy; fl;lg;gl;l ,e;jr; rkhjpapy; mtUk; mtUila jhahUk; Gijf;fg;gl;ldH. ,e;j Muk;gfhy Kfyhag; ghzp rkhjp> %d;W thapy;fshy; CLUtg;gLk; xt;nthU gf;fj;jpYk; xU jho;thuj;ij (ntuz;lhit) nfhz;l> Nyhb ghzpapYs;s Nky;%lg;gl;l vz;Nfhz tbt miwahFk;. ,e;j mikg;gpy; xU jdpj;j ngupa Nky;khlk; cs;sJ> ,jd; $iu Nkw;gug;gpy; rptg;G kw;Wk; ePy epwj;jpYs;s rpwpa tl;ltbt Xtpaq;fs; mlq;fpAs;sd.

Sanjay Van

Idgah

Qutub Complex

Mehrauli Village

Mehrauli Archaeological Park Jain Mandir

Maqdum Shah Masjid

Andheria Mor

,e;jpa juprdk;

n Rao urgao li G

Kunj M arg

rau

Jahaz Mahal Hauz-e-Shamsi Ladha Sarai

Vasan t

a oM

ind

b uro

Chhatarpur

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Anuvarat Marg

Arun a A sa f Ali M a

Qila Lal Kot

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;n\hl;fs; [`h]; k`hy; ahj;jpupfHfSf;fhd jq;Fk; rj;jpukhf Nyhb fhyj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;l [`h]; k`hy; ,d;W> nghOJNghf;Fr; nraw;ghl;bw;fhd ikakhfTk;> tUlhe;j g+y;tnyhd; fp irH jpUtpoh elf;Fk; ,lkhfTk; cs;sJ. jz;zPupy; tpOk; ,jd; epoy; xU fg;giyg; Nghy ,Ug;gjhff; $wg;gl;ljhy; ,e;j mikg;gpw;F [`h]; k`hy; vd;w ngaH te;jJ. ,J ikaj;jpy; xU nrt;tf tbt Kw;wj;ijAk;> gf;fq;fspy; Nky;khl miwfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. MW> vl;L kw;Wk; 12 J}z;fs; kPJ Mjhukhf mike;Js;s MW rJu rhj;upfisf; nfhz;L $iu myq;fupf;fg;gLfpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

[hHdh [`h]; k`hy; kw;Wk; n`s];-I-\ hk;rpapd; njw;fpy; mike;Js;sJ> [hHdh vd;why; “ePHtPo;r;rp". ,J kiof;fhyj;jpy; n`s];-I-\hk;rp Fsj;jpypUe;J epuk;gp rha;tpy; fPo;Nehf;fp XLk; jz;zPuhy; cUthFk; mUtpf;FupaJ. epuk;gp fPo;Nehf;fp mUtpahfg; ghAk; jz;zPuhdJ kfpo;r;rpg; g+q;fhtpd; xU Kf;fpa ghfj;ij cUthf;fpaJ. ,e;j tshfj;ij [`h]; k`hYf;F vjpHg;GwKs;s nrq;Fj;jhd njUtpypUe;J my;yJ g+q;fhTf;F NeH NkNy mike;Js;s ghijaikj;Js;s Kw;wj;jpd; Clhfr; nry;Yk; gbf;fl;Lfspy; Vwpr; nrd;wilayhk;. ,e;jf; Fsk;> g`J}H \h ]h/guhy; fl;lg;gl;l xU $lhukhFk;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

kjpg;gha;T

,e;jpahtpd; Jzpe;j cs;sq;fis epidT$Ujy; yh];l; Ngh];w;: ,e;jpad; NthH nkNkhupay;]; vnusz;l; jp NtHy;l; (filrp mQ;ry;: cyfk; KOtJKs;s ,e;jpa NghH QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fs;) vd;gJ ntsptptfhu mikr;rfj;jhy; ntspf;nfhzug;gl;l 230-gf;fg; Gj;jfkhFk;. ,J kpfTk; gpugykhd QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fis kl;Lk; Fwpg;gplhky;> Kjyhk; kw;Wk; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghHfSf;F ,e;jpahtpd; gq;fspg;Gfs; Fwpj;j cs;SzHTfisAk; jUfpwJ

gy E}w;whz;Lfshf cs;s NghH QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fs;> ehl;bw;fhf jkJ ,d;DapHfis tpl;l ,uhZtj;jpdH nra;j jpahfq;fisf; nfsutpf;fTk;> Vw;Wf;nfhs;sTk;> epidtpy; itf;fTk; vOg;gg;gl;Ls;sd. ,Ue;jhYk;> Muk;g epiyapy;> ,it NghHf;fsj;jpy; ngw;w ntw;wpfspd; epidTtpohitf; nfhz;lhl fl;lg;gl;ld. ,wg;ig epidT$UtJ ,uz;lhk;ju mf;fiwahf ,Ue;jJ. Kjyhk; cyfg; Nghupd; gpd;dH jhd;> epidTtpohf;fSk; NghH QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fSk; mjpfk; cz;lhfpd> NghUf;Fr; nrd;w kw;Wk; jpUk;gp tuhj Mz;fs; kw;Wk; ngz;fspd; ngaHg; gl;bay;fs; cUthf;fg;gl;ld. mNefkhf> cyfpYs;s kpfg; gioikahd NghH QhgfhHj;j ,lk; 1438-,y; epWtg;gl;l xf;];/NghHbYs;s Xy; Nrhy;]; nfhyp[;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

vd;gjhFk;. ,J> gpnuQ;Rg; NghHfspy; nfhy;yg;gl;l mtHfSf;fhf> mtHfspd; $l;lhspfs; gpuhHj;jpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w Kd;Ndw;ghl;Lld; mikf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa ,uhZtj;jpduhy; nra;ag;gl;l jpahfq;fisg; gjpTnra;Ak; vz;zpylq;fhj QhgfhHj;j epiyaq;fSk;> kahdq;fSk; cynfq;Fk; cs;sd> ,jpy; GJnly;ypapd; ,e;jpah Nfw; kpfr;rpwe;j cjhuzkhFk;. ,Ue;jhYk;> vq;fspy; ngUk;ghyhdtHfSf;F cyifr; Rw;wpapUf;Fk; ,e;jpag; NghH QhgfhHj;j epiyaq;fspd; ,Ug;G njupahJ. ,q;F Kd;dhs; tpkhdg; gil Kf;fpa];jUk;> vOj;jhsUk;> ,uhZt tuyhw;whsUkhd uhzh TS rpd;dh vq;fSf;F yh];l; Ngh];w;: ,e;jpad; NthH nkNkhupay;]; vnusz;l; jp NtHy;l; vd;w E}iy mwpKfg;gLj;JfpwhH. ,J

Nky; ,lJGwj;jpypUe;J tyQ;Ropahf: Gj;jf ml;il> IPKF QhgfhHj;j epiyak;> nfhOk;G> ,yq;if. NahNfh`kh NghH kahdk;> [g;ghd;. k] hHfpa+]; NghH kahdk;> gpuhd;];. 1944 khHr; khjj;jpy; gHkh Kd;wypy; 5tJ ,e;jpaj; JUg;Gfspd; gpupT. frpNdh QhgfhHj;j epiyak;> ,j;jhyp

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

kjpg;gha;T

NkNy: ,e;jpah> GJnly;yp> ,e;jpah Nfw;wpy; mkH [thd; N[hjp NkypUe;J fPNo (,lJ): IAF kj;jpa tpkhdf; fl;lisg; NghH QhgfhHj;j epiyak;> my`hghj;. tpkhdg; gil epiyak; Mjk;g+H thA rf;jp ];jhy;. tpkhdg; gil epiyak; mk;ghyh ~/g;Nuh]pd; upaH| QhgfhHj;j epiyak;. tpkhdg; gil epiyak; `rpkhuh NghH epidthyak;@ tpkhdg; gil epiyak; gpjhH epidthyak;

kdpj Mw;wiyg; nghWj;jstpy;> cyfg; NghHfs; I & II-,y; ,e;jpahtpd; gq;fspg;G Nghd;w cz;ikfis Mtzg;gLj;JfpwJ. ,e;j 230-gf;f Gj;jfk;> MAjg; gilfs; tuyhw;W Muha;r;rp ikak;> ,e;jpa If;fpa Nrit epiyaj;Jld; NrHe;J ntsptptfhu mikr;rfj;jpd; nghJkf;fs; nrayhz;ikj;jpwd; gpupT vLf;Fk; Kjy; Kaw;rpahFk;. Kjyhk; cyfg;NghH ele;j fhyj;jpy; 1>400>000f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Mz;fs; Nritahw;wpa mNjNtis> WWII fhyj;jpy;> 1939-,y; 1>95>000 Mf ,Ue;j ,e;jpa ,uhZtk; me;jg; NghH KbtilAk; fhyj;jpy; 2.5 kpy;ypadhf Nghupy; ,we;j mjpfupj;jJ> ,JNt kdpjg; NghH gpupf;fg;glhj tuyhw;wpd; kpfg;ngupa jd;dhHtg; ,e;jpahitr; NrHe;j gilahFk; vd;W ,g;Gj;jfk; tpgupf;fpwJ. 1>60>000 NgH 60-f;Fk; Nghupy; ,we;j gpupf;fg;glhj ,e;jpahitr; NrHe;j 1>60>000 NgH 60-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Nkw;gl;l ehLfspy; ehLfspy; Gijf;fg;gl;Ls;sdH kw;Wk; Gijf;fg;gl;Ls;sdH epidT$ug;gLfpd;wdH. kw;Wk; ,g;Gj;jfj;jpy; gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;s QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fs; ,uz;L epidT$ug;gLfpd;wdH gue;j tiffshfg; gpupf;fg;gLfpd;wd. gpupT I MdJ gpujhdkhf ,e;jpah cl;gl cyfk; KOtJKs;s QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fSld; njhlHGgLfpwJ> ,J WW I & II-,y; kbe;j ,e;jpa tPufis epidT$UfpwJ. gpupT II MdJ> Rje;jpuk; fpilj;j gpwF ele;j NghHfspy; kbe;jtHfis epidT$Ufpd;w QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fisg; gl;baypLfpwJ. ,Ue;jhYk;> ,JTk; $l ,uz;L cyfg; NghHfspy; kbe;jtHfSf;Fk;> 1947-f;Fg; gpd;dH ehl;bd; Nritapy; kbe;jtHfSf;Fk; mHg;gzpf;fg;gl;l xU rpy gpuhe;jpa kw;Wk; gilg;gpupitr; NrHe;j QhgfhHj;jr; rpd;dq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

kjpg;gha;T

eldj;jpd;

fhl;rpf; ftpij ehl;baDgthtpy; ,e;jpa fpshrpf;fy; eld tbtq;fs; jpiuapy; capNuhl;lkhf tUfpd;wd. rhujh ,uhkehjdpd; ,e;j 52 epkpl Mtz eldkhdJ ntsptptfhu mikr;rpd; nghJkf;fs; nrayhz;ikj;jpwdpd; xU Kjy; Kaw;rp

Rw;wpr;Roy;fpd;w nrhw;fs;jhd; mtUila tbtk;> vy;iyaw;w xypjhd; mtUila Ngr;R> re;jpuDk; el;rj;jpuq;fSk; jhd; mtUila mzpfyd;fs;> ed;dpkpjj;jpd; me;j cUf;nfhLg;gpw;F ehd; jiytzq;FfpNwd;" tHzidahsupd; Ml;rpnrYj;Jk; Fuypy;> ehl;baDgth cq;fs; xU gy;tz;zf;fhl;rpf;Ff; $l;br; nry;fpwJ> mq;F eldk; vd;gJ xUtiu ,iwtDld; xd;w itf;fpd;w tpjj;jpy; GdpjkhdJ kw;Wk; nja;tPfkhdJ. rhujh ,uhkehjdhy; ,af;fg;gl;L> nghJr; Nrit xspgug;G mwf;fl;lisahy; (PSBT) jahupf;fg;gl;l ,e;j Mtz eldk; MdJ> fpshrpf;fy; jj;Jtq;fs;> Guhz ,yf;fpak; rk;ge;jkhd gupkhzq;fs; kw;Wk; ,e;jpa eld tbtq;fSld; njhlHGgl;Ls;s gy;yhapuf; fzf;fhd tof;fq;fisj; njspTgLj;Jtjpy; xU ntw;wpfukhd Kaw;rpahFk;. gpd;dzpapy; ,irf;fg;gLk; payyada pai meede jeri vd;w ghlYlDk;> eluh[ Kj;jpiuiag; gpbj;jgb EioAk; gujehl;ba eld kq;if gpupajHrpdp Nfhtpe;jDlDk; ,e;j Mtz eldj;jpd; Muk;gk; kpf mofhf mike;Js;sJ. ,J> eldj;ij juprdk; (ghHf;fg;gLtJ kw;Wk; ghHf;fg;glhjJ) kw;Wk; ahj;jpiu (gpuahzk;) vd;gjhfg; ghHf;Fk; fUJNfhis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.

eluh[H Njhw;wj;jpd; rpf;fy;fis Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;Lfpd;w rha; re;Njh\; ,uhjhfpU\;zd; xU fUizapd; cUtk;> Mz;ikkpf;f Rlnuhsp kw;Wk; ,iwaUs; nghjpe;j Jyf;fk;. eld kq;if rpj;uh tp];Nt];tudpd; fUizkpf;f Jbg;ghd eldkhdJ mHj;jehuP];tuupd; (miuthrp Mz;> miuthrp ngz;) - Mz; kw;Wk; ngz; rf;jpahd rptDk; rf;jpAk; xd;W$ly;- fUJNfhis ghHitahsHfSf;F mwpKfg;gLj;JfpwJ... fjf; Nghy;fis kPz;Lk; Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;Lfpd;w eld Nkij gz;bj; gpH[{ kfhuh[h> gpugQ;rj;jpy; eldk; vq;Fk; epiwe;jpUg;gij tpsf;FfpwhH. ,d;ndhU ghrKs;s Kfk; ,j;jhypapd; gpwe;j xbrp eldf;fhuH ,ypahdh rpj;jhup];b];> ,tH jdJ FUthd NfYruz; nkh`ghj;uhtpd; cjtpAld; vg;gb jdJ Md;kPfg; gf;fj;ijf; fz;Lgpbj;jhH vd;gijf; fhl;LfpwhH. ,e;j Mtzg;glkhdJ eldj;jpd; ftpij tupnaOJjy;> fhl;rpf; ftpij kw;Wk; FU rp\;a guk;giu (MrpupaH-khztH tof;fk;) Nghd;w gy;NtW $Wfisg; gw;wp Muha;fpwJ. yhy;Fb fpU\;zdpd; ,irAk;> nghk;Ng uh[rpwp uhk;ehj; kw;Wk; mgpN\f; uFuhkpd; ghly;fSk;> ghly; kw;Wk; ,irapd; xU KOepiwthd ,zf;fj;ijr; rkg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

kj;jpa fpof;if

tYt+l;Ljy;

kj;jpa fpof;fpy; ,e;jpah rf;jpr; re;ijia ,af;fp tUfpwJ> BHEL-,d; Xkhd; Ntiyj;jpl;lkhdJ vjpHfhyj;jpw;fhd khHf;fj;ijj; jpl;lkpLfpwJ

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

vl;bAs;sJ vd;W 2014 Nk khjj;jpy; njuptpf;fg;gl;lJ. ngw;Nwhypak; nltnyhg;nkd;w; Xkhdpd; FthHd; myk;-3 kpd;rhuj; jpl;lj;jpy; 126 MW fh]; uHigd; n[dNuw;wH nraw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2012-,y; 2x126 MW ngw;Nwhypak; nltnyhg;nkd;w; Xkhd; mky; fh]; uHigd; cw;gj;jpj; jpl;lk; nraw;gLj;jpa gpd;dH> ,J ,uz;lhtJ mLj;JtUk; Ntiyj;jpl;lkhFk;. ,e;j Ntiyj;jpl;lkhdJ gy ehLfspy; nfhs;jpwj;ijf; fl;likf;Fk; gq;fpy; ,e;jpahtpw;Fs;s jpwikfis Kd;Df;Ff; nfhz;LtUfpwJ. cz;ikapy;> BHEL MdJ KOikahd mbg;gilapy; fh]; uHigd; mbg;gilahd Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis (vspa> xd;WgLj;jpa Row;rp> $l;Lj; jahupg;G kw;Wk; nghwpKiw ,af;fg; gad;ghL) toq;Fk; jpwidf; nfhz;Ls;sJ> NkYk; ,J mz;ika nkhliy (/ gpNuk; 9FA+ tiuahd GE kw;Wk; V94.3A tiuahd rPnkd;];) BHEL MdJ cs;slf;FfpwJ. BHEL jahupg;Gfs; kNyrpah kw;Wk; kw;Wk; njhFjpfspd; KO vy;iyfshtd kpd;dpiyaq;fs; rt+jp mNugpah Mfpa (mdy;> thA kw;Wk; ePH)> uHigd;fs;> ehLfspypUe;J KO n[d;Nuw;wHfs;> cg epiyaq;fs;> mbg;gilapy; fh]; l;uhd;];/NghHkHfs;> Nkhl;lhHfs;> vz;nza;g; Gyk; kw;Wk; uHigd; mbg;gilahd Nghf;Ftuj;J cgfuzk; Mfpait. kpd;dpiyaq;fSf;fhd BHEL MdJ kNyrpah> nfsutkhd rt+jp mNugpah kw;Wk; Xkhd; Mfpa ehLfspypUe;J KO xg;ge;jq;fisg; ngw;wJ mbg;gilapy; fh]; uHigd; mbg;gilahd kpd;dpiyaq;fis toq;fTk;> mikf;fTk; nraw;gLj;jTk; nfsutkhd xg;ge;jq;fisg; ngw;wJ. Mdhy;> Xkhdpd; Ry;jhd; ,uhr;rpaj;jpy; ,e;j epWtdj;jpw;F kpfg;ngupa rPl;Lf; fpilj;jJ. ,J 14 Kf;fpa xg;ge;jq;fisj; jdjhf;fp> epiwNtw;wpAs;sJ> ,jpy; fle;j ,UgJ tUlq;fspy; 16 fh]; uHigd; njhFjpfspd; toq;fy; mlq;FfpwJ. jw;NghJ ,J RkhH 20 ehLfspy; kpd;dpiya Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis tpidj;jpwdhd ifj;njhopy; kw;Wk; cs;ehl;Lg; epiwNtw;WfpwJ kw;Wk; 7000 MW kpd;rhuk; gad;ghl;bw;fhd rf;jpia cw;gj;jpnra;tjpy; cw;gj;jpnra;Ak; nfhs;ssit epWTfpwJ. ,e;j jd;dpiwthf ,Ug;gnjd;gJ xU rpwe;j epWtdj;jpd; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspd; tpahghu kjpg;G 3 nghUshjhu ikaj;ijf; fl;likg;gJld; gpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyHfs; vd;W fUjg;gLtJ xU Kf;fpakhf ,ize;Js;sJ. MfNt> jw;Nghija rpwg;gk;rkhFk;. #o;epiyapy;> kpd;rf;jp epWtdq;fs; rf;jpj; Kf;fpa eltbf;if vd;dntd;why;> kpfTaH jukhd jahupg;G fhg;GfSf;fhf rHtNjrj;jpy; Kf;fpa Nritfis toq;Ftjw;fhf rHtNjrr; re;ijfspy; gq;Ftfpg;gtHfshf tsu Nghuhb tUfpd;wd. ,jd; epiyia caHj;j ,jd; jFjpAilikia ,e;jpahtpd; kfhuhl;d gg;spf; nrf;uH juKaHj;Jtjpy; ,e;jpa PSE-,d; KjyPlhFk;. vd;uHgpiu]py; (PSE) xd;whf> ghuj; n`tp jw;NghJ> nraw;gLj;jg;gl;l Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fisf; vnyf;upfy;]; ypkpw;nwl; (BHEL) epWtdkhdJ Fwpf;Fk; tifapy; BHEL-,d; cyfshtpa ,Ug;G MW vz;zpylq;fh tho;g;Gfis cUthf;f> kpd;rf;jp> fz;lq;fspYk; 76-f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l ehLfspy; gutpAs;sJ. flj;Jif> ifj;njhopy;> Nghf;Ftuj;J> MfNtjhd;> ,e;jpah Kd;Ndw;wkile;J nry;fpwJ> GJg;gpf;ff;$ba rf;jp> vz;nza; kw;Wk; thA Fwpg;ghf kj;jpa fpof;fpy;. BHEL-f;F> ,e;jpahtpd; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G Nghd;w gpupTfspy;> Fwpg;ghf Nguhz;ikapd; Vw;Fe;jd;ikapd; xU mj;jhl;rpahf> rHtNjr #oypy; Nritfis toq;Ftjpy; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; gy;tifg;gl;l gpupTfspypUe;Jk; Kd;dzpapNyNa njhlHe;jpUf;fpwJ. Xkhdpy; xg;ge;jq;fs; fpilj;Js;sd. Xkhd;> <uhf; kw;Wk; UAE ,d;ndhU fh]; uHigd; mbg;gilahd Mfpa ehLfs; xU Kf;fpa ePNue;J epy tyaj;ij kpd;dpiyaj;jpd; nraw;gLj;jYld; kj;jpa fpof;Fr; cUthf;Ffpd;wd> ,jpy; ,e;jpahtpd; ty;YeHfis re;ijfspy; BHEL MdJ xU Kf;fpafl;lj;ij ,wf;Fkjp nra;tjpy; Xkhd; mjpf jPtpukhf ,Uf;fpwJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

BARAMULLA

Srinagar Anantnag

Qazigund Banihal

CHENAB BRIDGE Katra

Udhampur JAMMU

nty;y ,ayhj gRikahd kiyfis ntw;wpnfhs;Sjy; fh\;kpH gs;sj;jhf;fpd; Nrdhg; Mw;wpd; kPJ cyfpd; mjpAaH nuapy;Nt ghyk; Ntfkhf mjd; tbtj;ijg; ngw;WtUtJ tuyhw;wpy; ,lk;gpbf;fpwJ ciu | Nkh`pj; fe;jhup

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

,e ;j pa kw ;Wk ; nts pehl;L Mw ;wy ;k pf ;f kpfKf ;fpakhd ,khya khepyj ;j pw ;Fr ; nghw pa payhsHfs ; jiyika py ; j pwikkpf ;f nrd ;WtUk ; cy ;yhrg ; g puahzg ; njho pyhsHfs ; et d P ,e ;j paht pd ; Nghf ;Ftuj ;ij ngUf ;Fk ;. “thd ; ghyk "; nghw pa pay ; t pe ;ijfs ; epiwe ;j tuyhw ;w py ; vdg ;gLk ; ,J gf ;fy ; kw ;Wk ; nfsu p xU Gj pa mj ;j pahaj ;ij vOj p tUfpd ;w fpuhkq ;fSf ;F ,ila py ; ryhy ; miza pd ; ,e ;j Ntisa py ;> ,aw ;if Nrdhg ; Mw ;W e P N uhl;lj ;j pw ;F md ;idahy ; fl;lg ;gl;l jfHf ;f vj pHj ;j pira py ; fl;lg ;gLfpwJ. Kbahj RtHfs ;> fh~ ; ;k Pu pYs ;s 1.315 fp.k P e s P khd nua py N; t 1>315 fp.kP u pahr p khtl;lj ;j pd ; nfsu p ghykhdJ Mw ;Wg ;gLf ;iff ;F ePskhd f puhk Nrdhg ; Mw ;wq ;fiufs py ; Nkyhf 359 k P cau vOe ;J ghyk; 25>000 gbg ;gbahf cile ;J tUf pd ;wd. epw ;Fk ;> ,J </g ps ; NfhGuj ;ij ,q ;F cyf pd ; mj pAaH t pl 35 k P caukhdJ. jw N; ghJ> kpy;ypad; njhd; nua py N; t ghyj ;ijf ; fl;L k ; cyfpd ; mj pAaH nua py ; tiuahd v/ fdthdJ jw N; ghJ mjd ; ghyk ;> 340 k P cauj ;j pw ;F ifg; ghtpj;J> tbtj ;ijg ; ngw ;W> NguhtYs ;s vOfpd ;w mj pAaH J}Zld ; cjk ;g+H-=efH-guKy ;yh nua py ; g puhd ;r pd ; uhHd ; Mw ;w pd ; k J P xU nghwpapay; ,izg G; Ntiyj ;j pl;lj ;j pd ; mike ;Js ;sJ. ,g ;ghyk ; 25>000 tpe;ijahf 73 f pk P e s P khd fj ;uh-juk ; kpy ;ypa njhd ; tiuahd v/ tpsq;Fk; g pu pTld ; NrHe ;J thidj ; if cgNahfpf ;Fk ;.> “,g N; ghJ njhLk ; cauj ;ijg ; ngw ;W tiu> nkhj ;j Ntiya py ; 22 tUf pwJ. rjt j P j ;ij Kbj ;Jt pl;N lhk "; vd ;W nfhq ;fd ; ,J g+Hj ;j pahFifa py ;> ,e ;j nua py ; nua py N; t NfhHg ;gNurd ; ypkpw n ; wl;bd ; ,izg ;ghdJ fh\ ;k P H gs ;sj ;jhf ;f pw ;F Ntiyj ;j pl;l epiwNtw ;W Kfika pd ; ,izg ;ig toq ;f p> cj ;j pu j P pahf r pNu\ ;l Nkw ;ghHit nra A ; k ; nghw pa payhsH

Nrdhg; Mw;wpd; kPJs;s ghyj;jpd; jyk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kd;Ndw;wk;

nju pt pj ;jhH. NkYk ; mtH> "tisT %d ;W $Wfshfg ; g pu pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sJ. tbt pyhd ghyj ;j pd ; v/F ghye ;jhq ;fpfis ,U gf ;fq ;fs pYk ; xw ;iwj ; jl f ; fl;Ltjw ;F> ehq ;fs ; ,d n ; dhU Ruq ;fq ;fs pypUe ;J ghyk ; nts pg ;gLk ; gl;liwia Muk ;g pj ;Js N; shk "; vd ;whH. mNjNtis> ,J ,j py ; ,ul;ilj ; ghyj ;j pd ; gf ;fy ; jlj ;ijr ; NrHf ;FkhW gf ;fj ;j py ; Fiwe ;j tbtikf ;fg ;gLfpwJ. ,e ;j gl;rkhf 70 rjt j P mfo ;T mikg ;g pw ;F> Nfg ps ;fs ; rpf;fdkhff; Ntiyfs ; (ghiw ntl;Ljy ); Clhf ,U Kidfs pYk ; fl;l Ntz;Lk; Kbe ;Jt pl;ljhfTk ;> nfsu p ,uz L ; 130 k P e s P khd> vd;gjw;fhf ,e;j gf ;fj ;j py ; me ;j Ntiy 100 k P caukhd NfhGuf ; ghyj;jpw;F v/F Muk ;g pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sjhfTk ; fl;likg G; fshy ; Mjhuk ; mtH cWj pg ;gLj ;j pdhH. nfhLf ;fg ;gLk ;. njupTnra;ag;gl;lJ> Nkw n ; fhz L ; > rhiyiaAk ; r pf ;fdkhff ; fl;l NkYk; ,J mjPj ,Uk G; g ; ghijiaAk ; Ntz L ; k ; vd ;gjw ;fhf ntg;gepiyfisAk; mq ;FuhHg ;gzk ; nra A ; k; ,e ;j ghyj ;j pw ;F v/F Ntiy t piut py ; nju pTnra ;ag ;gl;lJ> NkYk ; jhq;ff; $baJ njhlq ;fTs ;sJ. ghyj ;j pd ; ,J -20˚C ntg ;gepiyiaAk ;> tbtikg ;ghdJ> ikaj ;j py ; kz pj ;j pahyj ;j pw ;F 200 xU 467 k P v/F tisT> gf ;fy ; fpk P Ntfkhf fhw ;iwAk ; jhq ;ff ; Kida py pUe ;J xU 185 k P mZfy ; $baJ. ghJfhg ;igAk ; gj ;j puj ;ijAk ; Nkw ;jsk ; kw ;Wk ; nfsu p Kida py pUe ;J mj pfu pg ;gjw ;F> ghyk ; 63 k p.k P xU 650 k P mZfy ; Nkw ;jsk ; Mf pa jbg ;ghd t pNrl ntbg G; Vw ;glhj v/

thd; ghyk; fl;lg;gLifapy; ,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Gjpa nuapy; ,izg;gpd; ghij tiuglk; • [k;K ([k;K jtp) • ghy;[l;lh • rhq;fH • kz;thy; • jtp ghyk; • uhk;efH • cjk;g+H • rf;fHth • fj;uh • upahrp • mQ;rp fhl; ghyk; • ryhy; • Nrdhg; ghyk; • gf;fy; • RUNfhl; • guy;yh • rq;fy;jhd; • rq;fy;jhd; Ruq;fk; (7 fp.kP) • Nfh`;yp • yhNthy; • upNghuh • rhupy; • gdp`hy; • gpH ghQ;rhy; nuapy;Nt Ruq;fk; (11 fp.kP) • Fth]pFe;j; • guKy;yh 11 fp.kP ePskhd gpH gQ;rhy; Ruq;fk;

f pdhy ; fl;lg ;gLk ;. ntbg G; fis vj pHj ;J kw ;Wk ; VSL ,e ;j pah Mfpatw ;w pw ;F epw ;FkhW ghyj ;j pd ; nfhq ;f pu w P ; J}z ;fs ; ,ila pYs ;s xU $l;L tz pfk ;. JV tbtikf ;fg ;gLf pd ;wd. ,uz L ; tbtikg G; MNyhrfHfis ghyj ;ijg ; ghJfhg ;gjw ;F> xU thd pYs ;s mkHj ;j pAs ;sJ> ghyj ;j pd ; rhiy kw ;Wk ; ghJfhg G; tisak ; ,Uk G; g ; ghijfSf ;Fk ;> toq ;fg ;gLk ;. Gifa pujj ;ijg ; epHkhzq ;fSf ;Fk ; g pd ;yhe ;j pd ; ghJfhg ;gjw ;fhf xd ;iyd ; WS P nfhd ;ry ;w ;w pq ; NfhHw ;] ;> Mgj;jhd fz ;fhz pg G; kw ;Wk ; vr ;ru pf ;if g pujhd v/F tisTf ;F epiyikfspy; mikg G; epWtg ;gLk ;. N[Hkd pa pd ; ypNahd ;`hHl; gpuahzpfisg; eilghijfSk ; irf ;f ps ; Mz ;l;uh mz ;l; ghHl;dH. jlq ;fSk ; $l toq ;fg ;gLk ;. IITs ;@ ,e ;j pad ; ghJfhg;gjw;fhf “RDSO mq ;f f P u pj ;j nga pd ;w ; ,d ;] ;u pu pa+w ; xl; rad ;] ; xd;iyd; ag ;ghd py pUe ;J vLf ;fg ;gLk ;> (IISC)@ u pNrHr ;> bird ; fz;fhzpg;G ,J 35 tUl fhyj ;j pw ;F mz ;l; ] ;uhz ;lHl; XHfidNrrd ; Nkhrkhd thd piyfis (RDSO)> b/ngd ;] ; kw;Wk; vr;rupf;if vj pHj ;J epw ;ff ;$baJ. u pNrHr ; mz ;l; nltyg n ; kd ;w ; mikg;G epiwNtw ;W mj pfhuKs ;s XHfidNrrd ; (DRDO) epWtg;gLk; Kfikahf KRCL ,Uf ;Fk ; cs ;s pl;l 15 Kjd ;ik ,e ;j pa mNjNtis> ghyj ;ij epWtdq ;fs pd ; ty ;YeHfSk ;> tbtikj ;J fl;LtJ Nrdhg ; ,Nj vz ;z pf ;ifahd g pu pl;[ ; Gnuhn[f ;w ; mz ;lHNuf ;f pq ; MFk ;> nts pehl;L xg ;ge ;jjhuHfSk ; ,e ;j ghu pa ,J AFCONS> njd n ; fhu paht pd ; my ;l;uh ghyj ;ijf ; fl;bnaOg G; k ; Jz pr ;ry ;kpf ;f nfhd ;] ;l;uf ;rd ; mz ;l; vQ ;r pd pau pq ; fk ;gd p Ntiya py ; NghuhLf pwhHfs ;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

uh\;lu; gjp gtdpd; epfo;rr ; pj;

njhlH tuyhW ehl;bd; Kjy;epiy mYtyfj;jpw;F xU kdf;fpsHr;rpahd tuyhW cs;sJ. ,g;NghJ> gue;J tpupAk; ,e;j [dhjpgjp khspiff;Fr; nry;tjw;F vq;fSf;F ,d;ndhU fhuzKk; cs;sJ> mJjhy; gy fijfisf; $Wk; mUk;nghUl;fhl;rpafk; ciu | Rg;upah mfHthy;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

tre;jfhyj;jpy; KOr; nropg;Gld; KfyhaH Njhl;lq;fs;

1911-,y ; g pu pl;brhH jkJ jiyefiu cj ;j pNahfg+Ht thr] ;jyq ;fs ;> t pUe ;j pdH nfhy ;fj ;jht py pUe ;J (mg N; ghija fy ;fj ;jh) miwfs ;> nfhz ;lhl;l kz ;lgq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; nly ;y pf ;F khw ;w KbTnra ;j NghJ> muRg ; Kfyhaj ; Njhl;lq ;fs ; vdg ;gLfpd ;w [dhj pgj p g puj pepj pa pd ; khs pifahf cgNahf pf ;fg ;glTs ;s Njhl;lq ;fs ; Kjypait mlq ;Ffpd ;wd. uh~ ; ;l;ugj p xU jhuhskhd khs pifia tbtikf ;Fk ; gtd pd ; g pd ;gf ;fj ;j py ; mike ;Js ;s Kfyhaj ; gz pia NrH vl;t pd ; Y} Njhl;lq ;fs ;> Kfyha kw ;Wk ; w ;ad ;]plk ; nfhLj ;jdH Gj pa Mq ;fpNya epyj N; jhw ;wg ; ghz pfis khs pifa pd ; Nky ;khlkhdJ xd ;WgLj ;Jfpd ;wd kw ;Wk ; uh~;l ; ugjp gtdpd; Nuhk pYs ;s Nfha py pd ; tbtj ;jhy ; gy N; tW tifahd kyHfisf ; r pe ;jida+l;lg ;gl;lJ vd ;Wk ;> nfhz L ; s ;sd. gpd;Gwj;jpy; ,j py ; Kfyha kw ;Wk ; INuhg ;g pa mz ;ika py ;> [dhj pgj p khs pif mike;Js;s fhyd pj ;Jt fl;llf ;fiyf ; $Wfs ; Rw ;Wg G; wj ;j py ; xU Gj pa mq ;fk ; KfyhaH cs ;sd vd ;Wk ; Y}w ;ad ;] ; Eioe ;Js ;sJ> mJjhd ; uh~ ; ;l;ugj p $w pdhH. ,e ;j paht pd ; Kjy ; gtd ; mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafk ;. Njhl;lq;fspy; MSeuhf C ,uh[Nfhghyr ;rhu p ,e ;j pa [dhj pgj p fyhepj p g puzhg ; Kfyha kw;Wk; nghWg N; gw ;wjhy ;> mtHjhd ; ,e ;j KfH[ pahy ; njhlf ;fpitf ;fg ;gl;l Mq;fpNya khs pifa py ; tr pj ;j KjyhtJ ,e ;j mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafj ;j py ;> epyj;Njhw;wtikg;G ,e ;j paH MthH. 1950 adtu p 26 g pu pl;b\ ; jiyefuhf nly ;yp Mk ; j pfj pad ;W> fyhepj p uhN[e ;j pu cUthfpaJ njhlf ;fk ; mz ;ika cs;sJ g purhj ; ,e ;j paht pd ; KjyhtJ fhyq ;fs ; tiuAs ;s tuyhw ;iwf ; [dhj pgj pahf p> ,e ;jf ; fl;llj ;j py ; $Wk ; XbNah-t pRty ; tHzidfs ; FbNaw pa NghJ> ,jw ;F uh~ ; ;l;ugj p gtd ; vd ;W cs ;sd. ,e ;j mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafk ; mq ;F ngaHkhw ;wg ;gl;lJ. 320 Vf ;fHfs ; epyj ;j py ; nry N; thUf ;F> uh~ ; ;l;ugj p gtd ;> mjd ; fiy gue ;Js ;s ,e ;j gue ;J t pu pAk ; v] N; uw ;w py ; 320kw ;Wk ; fl;llf ;fiy gw ;w pa xU Ez ;zw pit f ;Fk ; Nkw ;gl;l miwfs ; cs ;sd> ,tw ;w py ; ms pf ;fpwJ. mNjhL Kd ;dhs ; ,e ;j pa

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

uh\;l;ugjp gtd; mUk;nghUl;fhl;rpafk;

ghJfhg;G tPuH khw;wk uh\;l;ugjp gtdpy; elf;Fk; xU Kf;fpa tof;fk; ghJfhg;G tPuH khw;wkhFk;. ,e;j tpohtpy;> GjpanjhU JUg;gpduplk; nghWg;igf; nfhLf;Fk; tpjkhf uh\~;l;ugjp gtdpy; epWj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk; ghJfhg;G tPuHfSk; fhtyHfSk; Fwpj;j fhy ,ilntspfspy; khw;wk; nra;ag;gLtH. ,e;j tpoh Kjd;Kjypy; 2007,y; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j 30-epkpl tpohthdJ> kh J[;N` ryhk; vd;w ,uhZt ghz;l; ,iria Nehf;fp [dhjpgjp nka;f;fhg;G tPuHfs; (PBG) jkJ ed;F myq;fupf;fg;gl;Ls;s Fjpiufspy; mkHe;jgb> n[a;g;g+H J} Zf;Fg; gpd;dhypUe;J Kd;NdWtJld; Muk;gpf;fpwJ. gpwF> ,uhZtf; fhty; gilg;gpupT (AGB)> gioa ghJfhg;G tPuiug; gjpyPL nra;tjw;F mzpeil tFf;fpwJ. PBG gilg;gpuptpd; Fjpiuf; fhl;rpiaj; njhlHe;J Njrpa fPjk; ,irf;fg;gl;L ,e;j tpoh KbTf;F tUfpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

[dhj pgj pfs pd ; tho ;f ;iffs ; gw ;w pAk ; nju paitf ;f pwJ. fyhepj p uhN[e ;j pu g purhj ;j pd ; cUtg ;glk ; nrJf ;fg ;gl;l mofhd ey P epwf ; fz ;zhbf ; FLit> vl;t pd ; Y}w ;ad ;] ; tbtikj ;j jsghlk ;> Mq ;f pNyh r f P ;f pa kw ;Wk ; Mq ;f pNyh M/g ;fhd ; NghHfisg ; g puj pgy pf ;Fk ; nraw ;ifahd NghHf ;fsq ;fs ; Kjy pait njhlf ;fk ;... Vuhskhd nra n ; ghUl;fs ;> uh\ ;l;ugj p gtd pd ; Kd ;dhs ; Fj piuj ; njhOtj ;j py ; fl;lg ;gl;l mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafj ;j pd ; mq ;fkhf cs ;sd. g pu pl;ld ; murg ; g puj pepj pa pd ; khs pif vg ;gbahd Njhw ;wj ;j py ; ,Uf ;f Ntz L ; nkd ;w fw ;gid tbtj ;ij jiyik fl;llf ;fiyQH toq ;f pa NghJ> Y}w ;ad ;] ; gy Xt paq ;fisj ; j Pl;bdhH> mitAk ; mq ;F fhl;r pf ;F itf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd. ,e ;j nghJf ; fhl;r pfs pd ; tl;l tbtj ;j pw ;F Y}w ;ad ;] ; xU gFj pahd gq ;fs pg ;ig toq ;f pAs ;shH> NkYk ; uh~ ; ;lugj p gtDf ;fhd myq ;fhuf ; $WfisAk ; jsghlq ;fisAk ; tbtikf ;Fk ; NghJk ; mtH ,e ;j tl;l tbtj ;ijg ; gad ;gLj ;j pdhH. jd pj ;jd pahd xt n ; thU gLf ;ifaiwa pYk ; Kd ;dhs ; [dhj pgj pfSf ;Ff ; f pilj ;j ngWkj pa py ;yh nra n ; ghUl;fs ; fhl;r pf ;F itf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd. ,tw ;w py ;> f pu ] P ; g pujkH j pU Nfh] ;uh] ; fukd ;y p] ; j pUkj p g puj Pgh gl;bYf ;F gu prs pj ;j It p ,iyfisf ; nfhz ;l nghd ; kyHtisak ;> xU gf ;fj ;j py ; f pU] ;zd pd ; tuyhw ;iwAk ; mLj ;j gf ;fj ;j py ; ,uhk g puhd pd ; fijiaAk ; r pj ;j pu pf ;Fk ; nrJf ;fg ;gl;l ahidj ; je ;jk ;> 1978-,y ; rHjhH g pufh] ; r pq ; gjy ; fyhepj p e y P k ; rQ ;r t P nul;bf ;Fg ; gu prs pj ;j nghw ; Nfha py pd ; khj pu p Mf paitAk ; mlq ;Ff pd ;wd.

Nky; ,lJGwj;jpypUe;J tyQ;Ropahf: 3D nghd;dpy; thHf;fg;gl;l ahid> rj;ugjp rpth[papd; cUtg;glk;> nkOF kw;Wk; ehHf; fz;zhbfspy; thHf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa [dhjpgjpfspd; cUtg;glq;fs; kw;Wk; jdpj;Jtkpf;f tbtpyhd tl;lg; ghid

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

NkypUe;J tyQ;Ropahf: mk;upw;rupYs;s nghw; Nfhapy; khjpup> Me;jpug; gpuNjrj;jpYs;s jpUkiy ntq;fNl];tH Nfhapy;> gpupj;jhdpa fhyj;jpy; cgNahfpj;j Giftz;bg; ngl;b ,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

NkypUe;J tyQ;Ropahf: xU gf;fj;jpy; ,uhk gpuhdpd; tho;f;ifiaAk; mLj;j gf;fj;jpy; fpU];zdpd; tho;f;ifiaAk; rpj;jpupf;Fk; ahidj; je;jk;> i`juhghj; rHkpdhupd; efy;tbtk; kw;Wk; fpNuf;f rpw;gk;

fyhepj p rNuh[ ; Nfh~ ; ; cjt pAld ; mikf ;fg ;gl;l ,e ;j mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafk ;> 1911 -,y ; ,Ue ;j nly ;y p jHghH> 1931-,d ; fhe ;j p-,Ht pd ; cld ;gbf ;if> KjyhtJ g pujk ke ;j pu pahf [t`Hyhy ; NeU rj ;j pag ; g pukhzk ; vLj ;jy ; kw ;Wk ; fyhepj p uhN[e ;j pu g purhj ;j pd ; gjt pNaw G; Nghd ;w e pfo ;Tfs pd ; fhl;r pfs ; tbtikf ;fg ;gl;L itf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd. ,e ;j mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafj ;j py ;> mq ;F tUif Gu pgtHfs ; ,e ;j pa tuyhw ;iwg ; gw ;w p ,yFthf mw pe ;Jnfhs ;Sk ; nghUl;L > b[ pw ;wy ; Njhw ;wq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; jfty ;gu pkhWk ; Clfk ; Nghd ;wit cl;gl mz ;ika njho py E ; l;g Gj ;jhf ;fq ;fs ; GFj ;jg ;gl;Ls ;sd. fUj ;juq ;Fg ; g pu pt pYs ;s xt n ; thU miwa pYk ; fz pd pkakhf ;fg ;gl;l b[ pw ;wy ; nrd ;rH cs ;sJ> mjd ; j piua py ; t puyhy ; njhl;lJk ; mJ jfty ; gf ;fnkhd ;iwj ;

j pwg ;gjhy ; ,e ;j fhl;r pg n ; ghUl;fs pw ;Fg ; g pd ;dhYs ;s fijia mq ;F tUif Gu pgtHfs ; mw pe ;Jnfhs ;s ,J cjt pahf cs ;sJ. xU miwa py ;> [t`Hyhy ; NeU> KfkJ myp [ pd ;dh> rHjhH gl;N ly ; kw ;Wk ; 1947 a+d ; 2 md ;W ,e ;j pahitf ; $W NghLtJ vd ;w j P Hkhdk ; vLf ;fg ;gl;l NghJ Nkiriar ; Rw ;w p mkHe ;j pUe ;j jiytHfs pd ; cUtg ;glq ;fs ; cs ;sd. ,Nj Nkirjhd ; tuyhw ;W Kf ;fpakhd epfo ;t py ; cgNahfpf ;fg ;gLfpwJ. 2015 Mk ; tUlk ; Kbtjw ;Fs ; mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafj ;j pd ; ,uz ;lhk ; fl;lj ;ijj ; j pwe ;Jitg ;gjw ;fhd j pl;lq ;fs ; ele N; jWfpd ;wd> ,J xU ngu pa fij $Wk ; mUk n ; ghUl;fhl;r pafkhf ,Uf ;Fk ;. xy p kw ;Wk ; xs p fhnzhs pfSk ;> NyrH kw ;Wk ; N`hNyhfpuhg pf ; fhl;r pfSk ; tuyhw ;Wf ;F ca pHg ;g+l;Ltdthf mikAk ;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

kzpg;Gup NghNyh elf;fpwJ

typikahf elf;fpwJ ,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

,e;j tUlk; etk;gH khjj;jpy; 8tJ kzpg;Gup NghNyh ,d;uHe\dy; jpl;lkplg;gl;lij xl;b> ,e;j tpisahl;bd; gpd;dhYs;s trPfupf;fpd;w fijia> mjd; Njhw;wj;ij kw;Wk; mJ xU cyf tpisahl;lhf vg;gb caHe;jJ vd;gij cq;fSf;Ff; nfhz;L tUfpNwhk; ciu | Ne`hupfh khJH rpd;`h

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;gupak;

kzpg;Gup NghNyhTf;fhf tpNrl Fjpiufs; cgNahfpf;fg;gLk;

kuj;jhyhd jiyia cila xU 4.5 mb ePskhd mgpg;gpuhaj;jpw;F NghNyh tpisahLfpd;w ehLfspy; gpuk;Gj; jbahd ge;jb fl;ilahdJ gyj;j Kuz;ghL vJTk; fpilahJ. ,e;j cz;ik> N[hH[; rj;jj;Jld; ge;ij mbf;fpwJ> me;j ,lj;ijr; N[hd; aq;F];ghz;l; (1890) vOjpa NghNyh ,d; Rw;wpAs;s Gy; Jz;LfisAk; mDg;GfpwJ. NghNyh ,e;jpah> J NkhNu gpuTz; (1891) vOjpa NghNyh tpisahl;L KO tPr;rpy; cs;sJ> Fjpiufs; kw;Wk; n`hNu]; A y/ghap (2009) vOjpa jp cr;r Ntfj;jpy; Fjpj;NjhLfpd;wd> vnthY}rd; x/g; NghNyh Mfpa cw;rhfk; kpFe;jtHfs; mtw;iwj; J} gy rhd;W typikngw;w E} NghNyhtpy; z;b tpLfpd;wdH> ,it vy;yhNk y;fspy; jug;gl;Ls;sJ" vd;fpwhH -ge;ij ikjhdj;jpd; Kid ,e;j tpisahl;il cynfq;Fk; ,yf;Ff; fk;gq;fs; tiu mDg;gp> xU Gs;spiag; nfhz;Lnry;Yk; Nehf;fj;jpy; vJTk; ,jpy; ngw;Wtpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w -xNunahU nray;gLk; kzpg;Gup N`hH]; iubq; ,y;iy> Mdhy; Fwpf;NfhSld;. ,e;j rhNfhy; kw;Wk; NghNyh mNrhrpNardpd; fhq;[p my;yJ FjpiukPJ n`hf;fp (MHRPA) cg jiytuhd Nfzy; ikjhdj;jpd; tpisahl;by;> xt;nthU mzpapYk; uQ;rpj; rpq;. xU Kidapy; VO cWg;gpdHfs; ,Ug;ghHfs;> rupj;jpuk; ,t;thW nry;ifapy;: ge;J gLk;NghJ mtHfs; VO kzpg;Gup tk;rf; ,J> 1950fspy; gpupl;b\; Njapiyj; Fyq;fisg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;JtH. Njhl;lf;fhuHfSk; cj;jpNahfj;jHfSk; mjw;F Gs;sp ,J flTs;fspd; tpisahl;L vdf; ,e;j tpisahl;ilf; fw;Wf;nfhz;ldH nfhLf;fg;gLk; fUjg;gLk;> tpisahl;L tPuHfs; vd;W ePz;lfhykhf kzpg;Gupapy; mtHfspd; flikia> mjhtJ ,y;yhky; fr;rupy; (mrhk; ghJfhg;gJ> fhg;ghw;WtJ kw;Wk; ntw;wpnfhs;tJ> khepyj;jpYs;s xU epHthf khtl;lk;) trpj;j nra;AkhW vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;wdH. kzpg;Gup kf;fs; $wpdH. mtHfs; NghNyh ,e;j ghuk;gupa tpisahl;lhdJ etPd tpisahl;il tpisahbaijf; fz;l gpupl;brhH NghNyhTf;fhd Kd;Ndhb. “NghNyhtpd; jw;Nghija ftHe;jpOf;fg;gl;ldH. NghNyhtpd; je;ij vdg;gLfpd;w tbtk; kzpg;g+upypUe;Jjhd; cUthdJ vd;w nyg;updd;l; n~uH> 1859-,y; KjyhtJ NghNyh

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

fpsg;ghd rpy;rH fhq;[p fpsg;ig mikj;jhH. mtH> gpupl;b~; mzpAld; xU fz;fhl;rpg; Nghl;bia elj;Jtjw;fhf Kjd;Kjypy; 1864 khHr; khjj;jpy; xU kzpg;Gup NghNyh mzpia fy;fj;jhTf;F (,g;NghJ nfhy;fj;jh) mioj;Jr; nrd;whH. mjd; gpwF ,e;j tpisahl;L fhl;Lj;jP Nghy cynfq;Fk; gutpaJ.

,J vg;gbg; gpwe;jJ?

NghNyh kw;Wk; Fjpiur;rthup njhlHNghl;bfis elhj;JfpwJ. “kzpg;g+H murhq;fk; xU kzpg;Gup Fjpiu fhg;gfj;ijj; njhlf;fpAs;sJ> mtw;wpd; vz;zpf;if mjpfupf;fpwJ vd;W ek;GfpNwhk;” vd;fpwhH Nfzy; rpq;. etk;gH 22-29 tiu jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;s 8tJ kzpg;g+H NghNyh ,d;uHe\dypy; ,e;jpah A ,g;NghJ MHRPA (IPA) kw;Wk; ,e;jpah B (kzpg;g+H) Mfpatw;Wld; NrHe;J ,q;fpyhe;J> xU Fjpiu USA> njd;dhgpupf;fh> N[Hkdp> ,dtpUj;jpg; gpuhd;];> jha;yhe;J kw;Wk; gz;izia nkhq;Nfhypah Mfpa ehLisr; elj;jp> tUlhe;j NrHe;j mzpfs; gq;Fgw;Wfpd;wd. NghNyh kw;Wk; “filrp ehsd;W> ntspehl;L kw;Wk; Fjpiur;rthup kzpg;Gup tPuHfSf;F ,ilapy; tpisahlg;gLk; xU fz;fhl;rpg; njhlHNghl;bfis Nghl;bia Vw;ghL nra;aTs;Nshk;” elhj;JfpwJ vd;W Nfzy; rpq; njuptpf;fpwhH.

kzpg;g+upy; ,e;j tpisahl;bd; Njhw;wj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,d;ndhU Rthu];akhd fij cs;sJ. RkhH fp.K 3500-,y; kzpg;Gupia murhz;l kd;dH fhq;gh ,e;j tpisahl;il mwpKfg;gLj;jpdhH. cf;Nuhq; N`hq;gh vdg;gLfpd;w xU jpUtpohf; fhyj;jpd; NghJ> jdJ Cd;WNfhiy itj;J vg;gb xU %q;fpy; NtHf; Ftpaiy xd;nwhd;whf tpor;nra;tJ vd;W fhl;b> ,e;j tpisahl;il Fjpiu kPJ ,Ue;jgb tpisahLkhW jdJ Fbkf;fsplk; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;lhH. |rhNfhy;| vd;gJ Fjpiu vd;Wk; “fhq;[p| vd;gJ n`hf;fp kl;il vd;Wk; nghUs;gLk;. ,e;j tpisahl;L fp.gp 33-,y; Nuhay; FNuhdpf;fy; x/g; kzpg;g+H vd;w E} ypy; Kjd;Kjypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

tpisahl;bYs;s NghNyh tPuH

tpNrl rthupf; Fjpiufs; kw;Wk; gy NghNyh tpisahl;bw;F cgNahfpf;fg;gl;l kzpg;g+up Fjpiufs; ehd;F njhlf;fk; Ie;J mb caukhdit> Mdhy; ey;y clw;fl;Ls;sit kw;Wk; RWRWg;ghdit. mtw;wpd; fz;fs;k; new;wp kw;Wk; tpyhg;Gwq;fisg; ghJfhf;fpd;w gy;NtW jw;fhg;Gfisf; nfhz;L KOtJkhf myq;fupf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ge;ij cs;Ns vwpAk; NghJ ,uz;L mzpfSk; ikjhdj;jpd; eLg;gFjpapy; xd;W$LtJld; tpisahl;L Muk;gpf;Fk;. ,yf;Ff; fk;gq;fs; vJTk; ,jpy; ,y;iy> Mdhy; ikjhdj;jpd; xU Kidapy; ge;J gLk;NghJ mjw;F Gs;sp nfhLf;fg;gLk;. xt;nthU Gs;sp vLj;jJk; gf;fq;fs; khw;wg;gLk;. Rthu];akhf> mq;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tpjpfs; vd;Wk; VJkpy;iy.

,d;iwa NghNyh ,g;NghJ kzpg;g+upy; 33 NghNyh fpsg;fSk; RkhH 500 tpisahl;L tPuHfSk; cs;sdH. KjyhtJ rHtNjr NghNyh njhlHNghl;bahdJ tpisahl;ilg; gw;wpa tpopg;GzHitg; gug;Gk; nghUl;L 1991-,y; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lJ. 2000 tUlkstpy;> Ie;J rHtNjr njhlHNghl;bfs; elhj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. 12 tUlq;fSf;Fg; gpd;dH> kzpg;g+up Fjpiufs; mUfpg;Nghfhky; ghJfhf;Fk; Njitiar; rpwg;ghff; Fwpg;gpl;Lf; fhl;Ltjw;fhf 6tJ kzpg;g+H NghNyh ,d;uHe~dy; 2012 Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,d;W mtw;wpd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if Mapuj;ij tplf; Fiwthf cs;sJ. MHRPA MdJ murhq;fj;jpd; MjuTld; xU Fjpiu ,dtpUj;jpg; gz;izia elj;jp> tUlhe;j

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

fpwp];J> Njthyak;

kw;Wk; ej;jhH

,e;j ej;jhupy;> ehl;bYs;s ed;F gpugykhd Njthyaq;fis> mtw;wpd; nfhbNaw;wj; jpUtpohf;fis> kdij kaf;Fk; fl;llf;fiyia kw;Wk; trPfukhd tuyhw;iwg; gw;wpj; jUfpNwhk;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

rhf;nul; `hHl; fjPl;uy;> nly;yp ,j;jhypa kw;Wk; gpupl;b~; fl;llf;fiyapd; jdpj;jd;ikahd fyitapyike;j ,e;jj; Njthya mbf;fy; 1929-,y; ehl;lg;gl;lJ. gpupl;ld; fl;llf;fiyQuhd n`d;up nkl; tbtikj;Js;s> nrq;fl;br; rptg;Gg; gpd;dzpapYs;s ,jd; nts;isj; J} z;fspd; Kfg;Gj; Njhw;wk; Rl;bf;fhl;lg;gl Ntz;bajhFk;. tpz;izj; njhLk; tise;j $iu> totog;ghf;fpAs;s fw; jiufs; kw;Wk; mfd;w tisTfs; Kjypait mjd; ghupa cl;Gwq;fspy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. fpwp];Jtpd; kuz tpoh cl;gl> capHj;j QhapWf; nfhz;lhl;lKk; ,q;F gpugykhd xd;whFk;. ,tw;iwj; njhlHe;J mtUila kfpo;r;rpahd capHj;njoy; tpoh elf;fpwJ. nrg;uk;gH khjj;jpd; filrp Qhapw;Wf;fpoik me;jg; gq;fpd; jpUtpohthFk;> ,J N[Rtpd; Gdpj ,ja ngUtpUe;J. ej;jhupd; NghJ> Gdpj FLk;gk; e]hupj; jpUtpoh kw;Wk; ej;jhH tpopg;Gepiy Nrit Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLk;> ,q;F ej;jhUf;F Ke;ija ehs; es;spuTf;F Kd;dH> topghLfSk; iggpSk; thrpf;fg;gLk;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

ghrpypf;fh x/g; Nghk; [Pr];> Nfhth ,e;j And];Nfh (UNESCO) cyfg; ghuk;gupaj; jyj;jpw;F mj;jpthukhd nghNuhf; fl;llf;fiyapd; xU rpwe;j cjhuzkhd ,J 1594-,y; ];jhgpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J ey;y my;yJ Foe;ij N[R vd;w nghUSs;s Nghk; [Pr]pw;F mHg;gzpf;fg;gl;lJ. ngWkjpkpf;f fw;fs; gjpj;j RtNuhtpaq;fSk; gspq;Fj; jiufSk; ,jd; cl;Gwq;fSf;F moifr; NrHf;fpd;wd. 1552-,y; kuzpj;j kw;Wk; ek;gKbahj Rfg;gLj;Jk; Mw;wy;fs; cs;sd vd ek;gg;gLk; nrd;w; gpuhd;rp]; Nrtpaupd; ,we;j cly; vr;rq;fs;> 1624 Kjy; xU nts;spg; ngl;bf;Fs; gj;jpukhf itf;fg;gl;L> fz;zhbahy; %lg;gl;L ,q;F itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mtUila cly; %d;W ntt;NtW ehLfspy; Gijf;fg;gl;lJ> xt;nthU jlitAk; ,J ntspapy; vLf;fg;gl;lJ> mg;NghJ mJ rpijahky; ,Ue;jJ! 10 tUlq;fspw;F xUKiw> ,e;j ];ghdpaj; Jwtpapd; clyhdJ rkar;rlq;Ff;Fupa CHtyj;jpy; fz;$lhfg; ghHg;gjw;F ahj;jpupfHfSf;fhf ntspapy; nfhz;Ltug;gLfpwJ. ,j;jifa 17tJ nrd;w; gpuhd;rp]; NrtpaH nghJf;fz;fhl;rpahdJ 2014 etk;gH 24 Mk; jpfjp njhlf;fk; 2015 adtup 4 Mk; jpfjp tiu elf;fTs;sJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

gUksh Njthyak;> Nfush cz;ikapy; 1885-,y; Nfush jpUts;shtpy; fl;lg;gl;l gUksh Njthyak;> Gfo;ngw;w fl;llf;fiyQuhd rhHs;]; nfhupahthy; kPz;Lk; tbtikf;fg;gl;l xU etPd fl;llkhf jw;NghJ cs;sJ. Gdpj gypgPlk; kw;Wk; ,e;jj; Njthyaj;jpd; ngaUf;Ff; fhuzkhd gUksh jpUNkdp my;yJ nrapd;w; fpupNfhupa]pd; ,we;j cly; vr;rq;fs; mlf;fk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;s miw jtpu> ,J tl;l tbtikg;gpYs;s rpy Njthyaf; fl;llq;fspd; xd;whfTk; tpsq;FfpwJ. etk;gH 2 Mk; jpfjpad;W ,q;F xU fpoikahf elf;fTs;s jpUtpohf;fspy; xU mq;fkhf ePq;fs; ,Uf;fyhk;> mg;NghJ nrapd;w; fpupNfhupa]; ,we;j tUlj;jpid QhgfhHj;jkhff; nfhz;lhLk; tUlhe;j tpohTf;F Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLk;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

nfhz;lhl;lq;fs;

Ntshq;fz;zp Njthyak;> jkpo;ehL Nfhukz;ly; flw;fiuapy; mike;Js;s Ntshq;fz;zp Njthyaj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; xU Rthu];akhd tuyhW cs;sJ. Foe;ij N[RTf;F ghy; toq;fpa ghw;fhur; rpWtd;> jd;Dila ghy; ghj;jpuj;jpy; ghy; Kbe;JNghfNt ,y;iy vd;gijf; fz;LzHe;J> me;j ,lj;jpy; $iuahy; Ntag;gl;l xU rpwpa Njthyaj;ijf; fl;bdhd;. 16Mk; E} w;whz;bd; Kbtpy;> fd;dp khjh Njhd;wp> xU nehz;br; rpWtdpd; fhiyr; Rfg;gLj;jpdhH> mjd; gpwF MNuhf;fpa khjhTf;F mHg;gzpf;fg;gl;l ,e;jj; Njthyak; fl;lg;gl;lJ. ,d;W $l> gf;jHfs; jkf;Fupa cly;eykpd;ikaf; Fwpf;Fk; tbtj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl;l nkOFjpupia Vw;WfpwhHfs;: ,ja NehAs;stHfs; ,ja tbtj;jpYk;> nrq;fz;khup NehAs;stHfs; <uy; tbtj;jpYk;> frk; cs;stHfs; Rthrg;ig tbtj;jpYk;... mtHfs; Rfkile;jJk;> me;j cly; ghfq;fspd; Ed;zpa gpujp tbtq;fis nts;sp my;yJ jq;fj;jpy; nra;J ed;nfhilaspf;fpwhHfs;. ej;jhUf;F Kjy;ehsd;W> N[Rtpd; gpwg;ig mwptpg;gjw;F Njthya ghjpupkhHfs; xU CHtykhf tUfpwhHfs;.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

rhjid

mjprag;

ngz;fs;

,g;NghJ xt;nthU fsj;jpYk; ngz;fs; xU milahsj;ij ,l;LtUk; epiyapy;> ,e;jpa tpisahl;Lfs; Mz; tpisahl;LtPuHfs; ntd;w ntw;wpr;rpd;dq;fshy; ,dpNky; tiuaWf;fg;glg; Nghtjpy;iy ciu | fupkh ntHkh

,e;jpa tpisahl;L tPuhq;fidfs; Kd;ndg;NghJk; ,y;yhj tifapy; ,g;NghJ rHtNjr uPjpapy; gjf;fq;fis ms;spf; Ftpj;JtUtjhy;> mtHfs; ,Wjpapy; Mz; JiztHfspd; epoyhf ,Ug;gij tpl;L ntspNa fhyb vLj;J itj;Js;sjhfj; njupfpwJ. ,e;jpahTf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; gjf;fg; gl;baypy; mtHfspd; gq;fhf mz;ikapy; NrHj;jpUg;gJ

mtHfs; 2014 fpsh];Nfh nghJeytha tpisahl;Lfspy; ngw;witahFk;> ,e;jg; gq;F 2010 CWG -,y; 36.53 rjtPjkhf ,Ue;J> ,e;j tUlj;jpy; 45.3 rjtPjkhf mjpfupj;Js;sJ. jq;fSila kjpg;gpw;Fupa tpisahl;L Nkilapy; ,e;jpah KOikaila cjtpa kw;Wk; gyUf;F ce;Jjyhf ,Ue;j Ie;J ngz;fSld; mstsht cs;Nshk;.

rQ;rpjh FKf;rhd;> 20 ghuk; J}f;Fjy; (48 fp.fp) kzpg;Gupiar; NrHe;j ,g;ngz; fpsh];Nfh CWG,d; KjyhtJ ehspNyNa jq;fg;gjf;fj;ij ntd;W ,e;jpahtpd; gjf;ff; fzf;ifj; jpwe;Jitj;jhH. “ehd; kpfTk; re;Njhrkhf ,Ue;Njd;> vd;dhy; ePz;l Neukhf rhg;gplf; $l Kbatpy;iy" vd;W Kjyplj;jpw;Fg; NghFk; topapy; CWG rhjidia <Lfl;ba rQ;rpjh $WfpwhH. tpisahl;Lld; jd;Dila Kd;Ndw;ghl;il rQ;rpjh njhlq;fpaJ 2006-,y; MFk;. “vd;Dila rpNdfpjHfspy; rpy ghuk; J} f;Fjypy; ,Ue;jjhy;> gbg;igj; jtpHg;gjw;fhf ehDk; mjpy; NrHe;Jnfhz;Nld;. ,e;jpa tpisahl;L Mizak; vd;idj; njupTnra;jJk;> ehd; ,ij mf;fiwahf vLf;fj; njhlq;fpNdd;." Kd;dH ,e;j tUlj;jpy; ehf;g+upy; ele;j 29tJ rPdpaH erdy;]; tpisahl;by; mtH J}f;fpa 179 fpNyh (79+100) mtUf;F xU jq;fj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jJ. CWG -,y; mtH Kjyplj;ijg; ngWtjw;F 173 fpNyhit (77+96) J}f;FtJ NghJkhf ,Ue;jJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rhjid

ggpjh Fkhup> 24> ky;Aj;jk;> /g;uP];iuy; (55 fp.fp) tpNd]; Nghfl;> 20> ky;Aj;jk;> /g;uP];iuy; (48 fp.fp) %tz;zf; nfhbia cauj;jpy; itg;gnjd;gJ ,e;jf; FLk;gj;jpYs;s xU tof;fk;. fPjh Nghfl; Vuhskhd gjf;fq;fis ,Wfg; gw;wpaijj; njhlHe;J> mtUila rNfhjup ggpjh kw;Wk; kr;rhs; tpNd]; MfpNahUk; ,e;jpahTf;fhf gy gjf;fq;fis ntd;w rkak; mJthf kl;LNk ,Ue;jJ. fPjh (55 fp.fp) ,e;jpahTf;fhf xU jq;fj;ij nty;Yk; Kjy; ngz; ky;Aj;j tPuhq;fid Mfp> ggpjh (51 fp.fp) xU nts;spg; gjf;fj;jpw;F jFjpngw;w 2010 CWGf;Fg; gpd;dH> ggpjh xU jq;fj;ij nty;tjw;fhf fhj;jpUe;jhH. “jq;fj;ij nty;tjw;fhf ehd; f\;lg;gl;L gapw;rp nra;J te;Njd;" vd;fpwhH 24 tajhd ggpjh> ,tUila mf;fhthd fPjhitg; NghyNt mtHfSila mg;gh k`htPH rpq;

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Nghfl;jhd; ,tiuAk; tpisahl;by; <Lglr; nra;jhH. ,NjNtis> Nghfl; rNfhjupfspy; ,isatuhd tpNd]{f;F xd;gJ tajhf ,Ue;jNghNj mtUila mg;gh ,we;Jtpl;lhH. “vdf;F MW tajhf ,Ue;jJ KjNy ehd; gapw;rpnaLj;J te;Js;Nsd;. Muk;gj;jpy;> ,ij ehd; ntWj;Njd;> Mdhy; fPjh kw;Wk; ggpjh mf;fhf;fs; gjf;fq;fis ntd;wijg; ghHj;jJk;> vdf;F ce;Jjy; Vw;gl;lJ" vd;W gfpHfpwhH tpNd];. mtUila fd;dp CWG gq;Nfw;G fpilj;j me;jj; jUzj;ij ,e;j 20 tajhd kq;ifahy; ek;g Kbatpy;iy. “ehd; jq;fk; ntd;Wtpl;Nld; vd;gij czHe;Jnfhs;s vdf;F Neuk; gpbj;jJ. vd;Dila mLj;j ,yf;F xypk;gpf;fpy; jq;fk; ngWtJ" vd;W mtH $WfpwhH.

iy];uhk; rupjh Njtp> 29 Fj;Jr;rz;il (57-60 fp.fp) Ie;J jlit Mrpa rk;gpadhfpa rupjh> fsq;fspy; gapw;rp vLj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;ifapy; clYWjpiaf; fl;likg;gJ gw;wpa Kjy; ghlq;fisg; ngw;whH. mH[{dh tpUJ ngw;wtUk; Kd;dhs; Njrpa kw;Wk; cyf rk;gpaDkhd (2005) rupjh> Nghuhl Ntz;b ,Ue;jhYk; $l> mtUf;Ff; fpilj;j nts;spg; gjf;fk; mtiu CWG gjf;fj;ijg; ngw;w Kjy; ,e;jpag; ngz;kzpahf;fpaJ. “vd;Dila Mz; gps;isiag; ngw;W ,uz;L tUl ePz;l ,ilntspf;Fg; gpwF> ehd; jpUk;gTk; ,jpy; fye;Jnfhs;Ntd; vd;W epidf;ftpy;iy. cly;uPjpahf kl;Lkd;wp> mJ csuPjpahfTk; rthyhf mike;jJ. Mdhy;> ehd; njhlHe;J gapw;rpnaLj;Njd;> vd;Dila FLk;gk; vdf;F Mjuthf ,Ue;jJ. ed;wpf;fldhf> ,e;jg; gjf;fk; vdf;F jd;dk;gpf;ifia Cl;l cjtpAs;sJ" vd;fpwhH kzpg;Gup Fj;Jr;rz;il tPuhq;fid.

PV rpe;J> 19 g+g;ge;jhl;lk;> xw;iwaH mtUila ngw;NwhHfs; ifg;ge;jhl;lj;jpy; ty;YeHfshf ,Uf;Fk; epiyapy;> xU g+g;ge;jhl;l tPuhq;fid MFtJ vd KbntLg;gJ PV rpe;JTf;F ,yFthf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,Ug;gpDk;> mtUf;F Gy;Nyy;y Nfhgpre;jpd; jpwikfs; mfj;J} z;Ljiy Vw;gLj;jpaJ> uf;nfw;WlDk; rl;bYlDk; mtUila ,e;j cwT vl;L tajpy; Muk;gpj;jJ. “ehd; mjpf kdTWjp> gupT> NghuhLk; rf;jp kw;Wk; cWjpg;ghL Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;l xU tpisahl;L tPuhq;fidahf kyHr;rpAw;Nwd;" vd;fpwhH rpe;J. mtH Mrpa a+dpaH rk;gpad;rpg; (2012) kw;Wk; nghJeytha ,isQH tpisahl;Lfs; (2011) Mfpatw;wpy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpapUf;ff; $Lk;> Mdhy; rPdpaH gpupthdJ mt;tsT ,yFthdjhf xUNghJk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. njhlHr;rpahd Njhy;tpfSf;Fg; gpd;dH> rpe;J 2013-,y; mtUila fd;dp fpuhz;l; gpupf;]; tpUijg; ngw;whH. mNj tUlj;jpy; mtUf;Ff; fpilj;j cyf rk;gpad;rpg; ntz;fyg; gjf;fk; mtiu ,uz;lhtJ ,e;jpad; g+g;ge;jhl;l tPuhq;fidahf;fpaJ. Kjyplj;jpy; xU xw;iwaH gpupTg; gjf;fj;ij ntd;w gpufh]; gLNfhNd ,Ue;jhH. ,e;j tUlj;jpy; fpilj;j ,d;ndhU ntz;fyg; gjf;fj;Jld;> cyf rk;gpad;rpg;fspy; xd;iwaLj;J kw;nwhU gjf;fq;fisg; ngw;w Kjy; ,e;jpaH MfpdhH.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

tuyhW

&gha; vg;gb

Gof;fj;jpy; te;jJ?

,e;jpahtpy; ehzak; kw;Wk; &gha; jhs;fs; gw;wpa xU RUf;fkhd tpguj;ij cq;fSf;Fj; jUfpNwhk;

,e;jpahtpy;> 1861 Mk; tUlj;jpw;F Ke;ija fhyfl;lk; Rje;jpukhd tq;fp eilKiwiaf; nfhz;bUe;jJ> vdNt epWtg;gl;bUe;j tq;fpfs; &gha; jhs;fis ntspapl Rje;jpuk; ,Ue;jJ. murhq;f cjtpngWk; epWtdq;fSf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd khepy tq;fpfspd; &gha; jhs;fs; murhq;fj;jhy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;ljhy;> ,e;jr; nraw;ghl;by; mit NkNyhq;fp ,Ue;jd. ,e;jr; rpwg;Gupikf;fhf> khepy tq;fpfs; nra;af;$ba tpahghu tif Fwpj;j tiuaiwfs; cl;gl;l rl;lf; fl;Lg;ghLfis mit jhkhfNt rkHg;gpf;f Ntz;bapUe;jJ. %yjdk; kw;Wk; ifapYs;s fhR Mfpatw;wpd; tpfpjhrhukhf &gha; jhs; ntspaPl;bd; tuk;Gfs; jPHkhdpf;fg;gl;ld. Muk;gfhy &gha; jhs;fs; ngaHj;njhFjpfshf ntspaplg;gl;L> gpd;dH mit trjpahdit vd;W

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

ek;gg;gl;ld. fy;fj;jhit (,g;NghJ nfhy;fj;jh) #o;e;jpUe;j tq;fpfs; rpf;fh &gha;fs; kw;Wk; jq;f Nkhfuhf;fspy; ngauplg;gl;l &gha;fis ntspapl;ld. 18Mk; E}w;whz;bd; Kbit xl;ba fhyj;jpy;> xU jq;f Nkhfuh vd;gJ tq;fhsj;jpy; 16 rpf;fh &gha;fSf;Fr; rkkhf ,Ue;jJ> ,e;j tpfpjk; ehd;F> vl;L kw;Wk; 16 &gha;fs; vd;w ngaHfspYs;s rpy Muk;gfhy &gha; jhs;fspd; ntspaPl;bw;F mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghl;il cUthf;fpaJ> cjhuzk; ,e;J];jhd; tq;fpapd; &gha; jhs;fs;. ,e;j ngaHj;njhFjpfs;> me;jf; fhy fl;lj;jpd;NghJ (19Mk; E} w;whz;bd; Muk;gfhyk;) eilKiwapypUe;j ,U cNyhf ehzaj; jpl;lj;jpd; mikg;igAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jpd. nkl;uhi] (,g;NghJ nrd;id) #o;e;jpUe;j tq;fpfs; Mw;fhL &gha;fs;

kw;Wk; jq;f el;rj;jpu tuhfd;ffspy; ngauplg;gl;l vjpuhf jq;fk; kw;Wk; ];NuHypq; gq;Ffspd; xU &gha;fis ntspapl;ld. tpfpjhrhukhd Nrkpg;ig mwpTWj;jpaJ. &gha; 1818-,y;> nkl;uh]pypUe;j ,e;j gzk; jhs; ntspaPl;bw;F cjtpaspf;Fk; nkhj;jr; rk;ke;jkhd myFfis Ez; cNyhf 165 ney; nrhj;Jfspy; Fiwe;jJ 40 rjtPjk; vd;whYk; epiwfisf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;w 180 jq;f ehzak; kw;Wk; ];NuHypq; ney; epiwfs; (11.66 fp) epiwAs;s gq;Ffs; tbtj;jpy; ,Uf;f ntz;fy &gha; gjpyPL nra;jJ. Ntz;bapUe;jJ> ,tw;wpy; jq;f jhs; fhrpd; 1835 mstpy;> ,e;jpa ehzaj; ehzaKk; ehzakhf;fg;glhj tuyhwhdJ jahupg;Gr; rl;lk; 1835-,d; gb> jq;ff; fl;bAk; ngWkjpapy; &.40 jdpahH tq;fpfspd; &gha; vd;gJ ,e;j tptuf;Fwpg;gpw;F Nfhbia tplf; FiwahkYk;> juepiyahf;fg;gl;lJ. mjd; gpd;dH> jq;fkhdJ 10 fpuhKf;F &.18.23 &gha; jhs;fspd; &gha; jhs;fs; epWtdj;jpd; &gha; vd;w ngWkjpapYk; ,Uf;f ntspaPLfSld; 18 vd;W ngaHFwpf;fg;gl;ld@ 19 Ntz;Lk;. Mk; E}w;whz;bd; Mk; E}w;whz;bd; eLg;gFjpapy;> epjpuPjpahd fUtpfSf;F> gpd;ghjpapy; Kd;ndhl;lhfTs;s epWtdk; Fwpg;ghf `{z;bfs; vdg;gLk; iftplg;gl;L> ntWk; &gha; gupkhw;w rpl;ilfSf;F xU njhlq;FfpwJ jf;fitf;fg;gl;lJ. kjpg;gpw;Fupa tuyhW cs;sJ. ,e;jpad; upNrHt; tq;fp (RBI) ,Ug;gpDk;> jw;fhyj;jpYs;s jhs; epWtg;gl;lJld;> ntspaplg;gl;l fhrpd; tuyhW 18 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; &gha; jhSf;F cjtpaspf;Fk; nrhj;jhdJ RBI gpd;ghjpapy; njhlq;FfpwJ. Muk;g fhyj;jpy; rl;lj;jpd; gpupT 33-My; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk; epiyf;F ,e;J];jhd; tq;fp (1770-1832)> tq;fhsk; kw;Wk; te;jJ> ,r;rl;lk; &gha; jhs; ntspaPl;bw;F gP`hupy; nghJ tq;fp (1773-75) tq;fhs tq;fp

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

tuyhW

(1748-91) Nghd;wtw;why; ntspaplg;gl;l &gha; ehza Kfhikj;Jtj;jpd; epiykhw;wk; epahakhf jhs;fspy; rpy kl;LNk epd;Wgpbj;jd. 19Mk; xU RKfkhd tptfhukhf ,Ue;jJ. 1947 E}whz;by; murhq;f cjtpngWk; tq;fpfspd; Xf];w; khjj;jpy;> gpupf;fg;glhj ,e;jpahtpy; cUthf;fj;Jld; (tq;fhs tq;fp> nghk;Ng Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpypUe;j &gha; jhs;fspd; njhif tq;fp kw;Wk; nkl;uh]; tq;fp Mfpait khepy &.1181 Nfhb (&. 11.81 gpy;ypad;). Gjpjhf tq;fpfshf Fwpg;gplg;gl;ld)> xU rpW gFjp cUthfpa ghfp];jhdpy; Gof;fj;jpypUf;Fk; rpwe;j fy;tp> nry;tk; mDgtpf;Fk; ,e;jpa &gha; jhs;fisAk; gadHfspw;F tiuaWf;fg;gl;lJ ehzaq;fisAk; Gjpa ehl;bd; vd;w NghjpYk;> jhs; fhrhdJ jdpNtWgl;l jhs;fisAk; 1947 Xf];w; gue;j Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpw;F te;jJ. ehzaq;fisAk; nfhz;L gjpyPL khjj;jpy;> ehl;bd; kj;jpa tq;fpahf RBI nra;tJk;> toq;fg;gl;l jhs;fspd; gpupf;fg;glhj epWtg;gl;L> &gha; jhs; ntspapLk; nkhj;jf; flDf;F vjpuhf nray;ghl;ilg; nghWg;Ngw;w 1935> nrhj;Jf;fis tFj;Jf; nfhLg;gJk; ,e;jpahtpy; Vg;uy; 1 Mk; jpfjp tiu> jhs; mg;Nghija fhupakhf ,Ue;jJ. Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpypUe;j fhir murhq;fk; epHtfpj;jJ. tq;fpahdJ 1948 Vg;uy; 1 &gha; jhs;fspd; Muk;gj;jpy; RBI MdJ &gha; njhlf;fk; a+d; 30 tiu> &.2> jhs; ntspapLtjpy; xU tpfpjhrhu &.5> &.10 kw;Wk; &.100 Mfpa njhif &.1181 xJf;fPl;L Kiwiag; gpd;gw;wpaJ> ngaHfisg; nghwpj;j gzj; Nfhb (&. 11.81 ,jd;gb &gha; jhs; ntspapLtjpy; jhs;fis kw;Wk; ghfp];jhd; gpy;ypad;) cjtpnra;Ak; nrhj;Jf;fspy; murhq;fk; vd nghwpf;fg;gl;l xU Fiwe;jJ 40 rjtPjkhtJ jq;fk; &gha; jhs;fs; kw;Wk; ghfp];jhdp kw;Wk; ntspehl;Lg; gq;Ffs; epf;fy; &gha; kw;Wk; gpw jdpj;Jt tbtj;jpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. 1956-,y;> tpfpjhrhu tbtikg;Gs;s Jiz ehzaq;fis toq;fpaJ. xJf;fPl;L Kiwia Fiwe;jgl;r xJf;fPl;L ,e;jj; jhs;fSk; ehzaq;fSk; ghfp];jhdpy; Kiw gjpyPL nra;jJ. Rje;jpuKk; $l ehl;il kl;Lk; rl;luPjpahd xg;ge;jkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,e;jpahthfTk; ghfp];jhdhfTk; Jz;lhba ghfp];jhdpd; ehza mjpfhurigahf upNrHt; epiyiaf; nfhz;Lte;jJ. fUjj;jf;f msthd tq;fp njhlHtjw;fhd xOq;F> 1948 a+d; 30 Mk; gupkhzq;fs; rk;ge;jg;gl;bUe;j NghjpYk;> jpfjpAld; Kbf;fg;gl;lJ. 1948 a+iy 1 Mk; fhydpj;Jtj;jpypUe;J Rje;jpu ,e;jpahTf;F jpfjp ghfp];jhd; ];Nuw; tq;fp epHkhzpf;fg;gl;lJ.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

,e;jpahtpypUe;j gzp vspikahf ,Ue;jJ. Ke;ija tbtikg;igr; NrHe;Nj ,Ue;jJ. Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fk;> 1950 adtup 26 Mk; jpfjpad;W 1951-,y;> Gjpa jhs;fspy; ,e;jp nkhop ,e;jpa Fbaurpd; gpufldj;jpw;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Kjd;ikahff; fhl;lg;gl;lJ. Ugah vd;w nrhy;ypd; fhyj;jpy;> ,d;Wk; eilKiwapYs;s &gha; ,e;jp gd;ik tbtk; gw;wpa tpthjk; Uigah jhs;fis ntspapLtij RBI njhlHe;jJ. Rje;jpu vd;w nrhy;ypw;Fr; rhjfkhf jPHj;Jitf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpah ntspapl;l KjyhtJ ehzaNk 1949-,y; caH ngWkjp ngauplg;gl;l jhs;fs; (`1>000> KRK Nkddpd; ifnahg;gj;Jld; `5>000 kw;Wk; `10>000) 1954,e;jpa murhq;fj;jhy; ntspaplg;gl;l ,y; kPz;Lk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ld. xU &gha; MFk;. RBI ntspaPLfSk; 1957-,y; ,e;jpah mjd; gzk;rhH Rje;jpu ,e;jpah FbauRg; gpufldKk; xd;whf fl;likg;ig rPHjpUj;jpaJ. Ke;ija ntspapl;l epfo;e;jd. 1949 [dtup 1 Mk; jpfjp fl;likg;gpy;> xU &gha; 16 tq;fp Njrpakakhf;fg;gl;lJ. mzhf;fshfg; gpupf;fg;gl;L> xU KjyhtJ Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpw;fhd mzhtpy; 4 fhyzhf;fs; (ig];) ehzaNk 1949rpd;dq;fisj; njupe;njLf;f ,Ue;jd; xU fhyzh vd;gJ 3 ,y; KRK Ntz;bapUe;jJ. vLj;j vLg;gpNyNa> jk;gpbfSf;F (igfs;) rkk;. Mjyhy;> murupd; glk; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; xU &ghapy; 64 fhyzhf;fs; Nkddpd; kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; glj;ij gjpyPL my;yJ 192 jk;gpbfs; cs;sd. ifnahg;gj;Jld; nra;tJ vd;W fUjg;gl;lJ. kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; gpwe;jehs; cs;s xU &gha; tbtikg;Gfs; nray;gLj;jg;gl;ld. epidit xl;b nfsutk; nrYj;Jk; ,Wjpg; gFg;gha;tpy;> tpjkhd QhgfhHj;j tbtikg;Gj; MFk; ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhupd; fUj;jhdJ njhluhdJ 1969-,y; ntspaplg;gl;lJ> fhe;jpapd; glkpUe;j ,lj;jpw;Fg; ,J gpd;dzpapy; Nrthfpuhkk; gjpyhf rHdhj;jpYs;s mNrhfH J}zpd; rpq;fj; Mrpukk; ,Uf;f mkHe;Js;s fhe;jpapd; glj;ijr; jiyg;gFjpia itg;gJ vd;w njupTf;F efHe;jJ. rpj;jpupf;fpwJ. ehshf ehshf> tbtikg;GfSk; &gha; jhs;fspd; Gjpa tbtikg;ghdJ ngUk;ghYk; msTfSk; njhlHe;J khwpd. ,f;fl;Liu jp Ngg;gH mz;l; jp Gnuhkp];: v gpuP/g; `p];up x/g; fud;rp mz;l; ghq;Nehl;]; ,d; ,e;jpah/ ehza Kfhikj;Jtj; jpizf;fsk;> ,e;jpa upNrHt; tq;fp> Kk;ig vd;w Gj;jfj;jpypUe;J gpupj;njLf;fg;gl;lJ

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kf;fpa ikak;

eWkzj; jputpaf; flw;fiuiaf;

fl;bnaOg;Gjy; fopKfq;fs;> glFtPLfs; kw;Wk; MAHNtjk; Kjypatw;Wf;F ngaHngWk; Kd;dH> flTspd; nrhe;j ehL vdg;gLk; Nfush mjd; eWkzj;jputpaq;fSf;Fg; ngaHngw;wpUe;jJ. fpwp];NjhgH nfhyk;g]; Nghd;w gyiuAk; flw;gazj;jpw;Fg; Gwg;gl itj;j tuyhw;Wg; ghijapy; cq;fisf; $l;br; nry;fpNwhk; ciu | khJspfh lh];

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

EUROPE

EGYPT

PERSIA

ARABIA

SOMALIA

CHINA

INDIA KERALA

JAVA cyf tiuglj;jpy; eWkzj;jputpa top

Nfush xU Kf;fpa gq;F tfpj;jpUe;j Guhjd eWkzj;jputpa topia capHngwr; nra;tpj;J> Kd;Ndw;Wk; xU cld;gbf;ifapy; And];NfhTk; (UNESCO) Nfus cy;yhrg;gazj;JiwAk; ,e;j tUl adtup khjj;jpy; ifr;rhj;jpl;ld. Kjd;Kjypy; eilngWk; ,e;j rHtNjr Kjy;gbapd; ,U klq;fhd epfo;rr ; pepuypd; Nehf;fk;> eWkzj;jputpa topiaAk; Nfushtpd; gz;ghl;ilAk; mgptpUj;jp nra;tjpy; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpj;j tuyhw;W Kf;fpakhd JiwKfq;fs;> fl;llq;fs; kw;Wk; re;ijaplq;fis kPll ; ikg;gjhFk;. mNjhL ,t;thW nra;tjhy;> eWkzj;jputpaq;fspd; vd;nwd;Wk; kyHr;rpAWk; tuyhw;iw xUtH tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sTk; cjtKbAk;: xU fhyj;jpy; eWkzj;jputpaq;fs; vg;gb cyif Ml;rp nra;jd? NghHfs;> cld;gbf;iffs;> xg;ge;jq;fs; kw;Wk; FbNaw;wq;fSf;F ,e;j eWkzj;jputpaq;fs; vg;gb fhuzkhfpd? nghd;id tpl eWkzj;jputpaq;fs; tpiyAaHe;jit vd;W Vd; fUjg;gl;lJ? Nfushtpd; eWkzj;jputpa ghijapd; xU fhytuk;igAk;> xt;nthU ehLk; ,e;j tzpfj;jpy; ngupa gq;Ftfpf;f tpUk;gpa

NghJ> NuhkH Ml;rpf;fhyj;jpy; ,e;j khepyk; eWkzj;jputpa tzpfj;jpd; Kf;fpa ikakhf vg;gb khwpaJ vd;gijAk; Njhw;Wtpf;f 25 mUk;nghUl;fhl;rpafq;fis mikg;gJ ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpd; xU Kf;fpa gFjpahf ,Uf;fpwJ. Nfush vjw;fhf? Vndd;why; ,J ,aw;ifahfNt tskhd ehL> ,q;Fjhd; cz;ikahd eWkzj;jputpa tuyhW Muk;gpj;jJ. cz;ikapy; fp.K 3000 tUl fhyj;jpNyNa ,J xU epiyehl;lg;ngw;w eWkzj;jputpa tzpfj; JiwKfkhf ,Ue;jJ. mJNt rfy ,lq;fspypUe;Jk; tzpfHfis ,q;F ,Oj;Jte;j eWkzj;jputpa re;ijahf tpsq;fpaJ. ,q;F eWkzj;jputpa tzpfj;jpw;fhf Kjd;Kjypy; te;JNrHe;jtHfspy; ehNlhbahd mNugpaHfSk; gz;ila gpdPrpaUk; mlq;fpdH. fp.K 600 mstpy;> ghurPf tisFlhtpd; Clhf fpof;fpypUe;J mNugpahTf;Fk;> mjw;F mg;ghYk; kpsF> fWth> rhk;gpuhzp kw;Wk; vz;nza;fs; Kjypait mDg;gg;gl;ld. xU Kiw mNugpaHfs; ,q;F te;jNghJ> mNugpaHfsplk; gzk; NghjpasT ,Uf;ftpy;iy vd;Wk;> Mrpahtpd; fWg;Gj; jq;fk; vd;W miof;fg;gLk; kpsif mtHfs; tupahfr;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

Kf;fpa ikak;

eWkzj;jputpa tuyhw;iwf; fhg;ghw;Wjy; fopKfq;fshy; nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;jg;gLk; ,e;jj; jyq;fs;> Nfushtpy; nropj;JtsUk; eWkzj;jputpa tzpfj;jpy; rk Kf;fpakhd gq;if Mw;wpd. eWkzj;jputpa top vd;w Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpYk; xU gq;fhf ,Uf;Fk;...

,e;jpa juprdk;

gypak; lr;R muz;kid

gs;spGuk; Nfhl;il

NghHj;Jf;Nfa gilnaLg;Gf;F vjpuhf kfhuh[htpd; capiuf; fhg;ghw;wpa gpd;dH> gypaj; mr;rhd;fs;> gpujk ke;jpup njhlf;fk; nfhr;rpapd; md;dhs; kfhuh[hf;fs; tiu jq;fpapUe;j me;j khspif Gduikf;fg;gl;L> xy;yhe;jhy; ke;jpupaplk; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.

1503-,y; NghHj;Jf;Nfauhy; fl;lg;gl;l gs;spGuk; Nfhl;ilahdJ> ngupahupypUe;J mNugpaf; flYf;F te;J Ngha;f;nfhz;bUe;j fg;gy;fisr; Nrhjpf;Fk; xU jskhf cgNahfpf;fg;gl;lJ> epytiwahdJ ntbkUe;Jfisr; Nrfupg;gjw;fhf cgNahfpf;fg;gl;lJ.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

nrYj;jpajhfTk; xU fij cs;sJ. jpl;lq;fs; ,Ue;jd> ,jdhy;. fp.K me;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,e;j ,dpg;ghd-jPtpu 3 tUlq;fspy; kpfTk; RWRWg;ghd eWkzj;jputpaj;jpd; tpisT ,t;thwhf eWkzj;jputpa tzpf ikakhf ,Ue;jJ> ,jd; EfHT Mr;rupag;gLk; Nfush khwptpl;lJ. NfushthdJ tpjj;jpy; caHe;J> jiyrpwe;j rikaypd; tzpfr; rKjhaj;jpdH kw;w kf;fSld; me;j];J milahskhf khwpaJ. xd;W$Lk; ,lkhf khwpajhy;> ,J ,jd; Mjhukhf fp.gp 1 me;j khepy g+HtPf Mk; E}w;whz;by; te;j kf;fspd; tho;Tfspy; NuhkH fijfspYs;s nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;jpaJ. mnyf;rhz;lH kpsFf; Fok;GfSf;fhd ,jdhy; jhd;> Nfushtpy; ,e;jpahtpw;Fs; nra;Kiwfs; cs;sd. flw;fiuia mz;ba gilnaLj;jjd; cz;ikapy;> Nuhkr; gFjpfspy; mjpfgl;r gpd;dzpapy; ,Ue;j rf;futHj;jp nlhkpjpad;> Njthyaq;fs;> efupd; ikaj;jpypUe;j gs;spthry;fs;> tpUe;jpdH cs;Nehf;fq;fspy; xU gFjpf;F> kpsF khspiffs;> Nfhl;ilfs; xd; W > Nfusj; tpahghupfSf;nfd;W kw;Wk; rptd; Nfhapy;fs; JiwKfq;fisj; rpwg;ghf mikf;fg;gl;l cs;sd> ,tw;wpy; Nrukhd; ,lkhd mN`hupah ngUkhs; kd;duhy; jkJ fl;Lg;ghl;by; igg;nguhlhupah> kpsFf; fl;lg;gl;l Nrukhd [{k;kh nfhz; L tUtjhFk; $lhuq;fs;> vd;W gs;spthrYk;> fpwp];jt ngaupl;lhH. Nghjidfspd; ikakhf mnyf;rhz;lH ,e;jpahtpw;Fs; khwpa tpgPNfhl;l gapw;rpf; fy;Y}upAk; gilnaLj;jjd; gpd;dzpapy; ,Ue;j mlq;Ffpd;wd. NkYk;> Nfushtpy; a+jH cs;Nehf;fq;fspy; xd;W> Nfusj; FbNaw;wj;ijj; njhlq;fpa nrd;dkq;fyk; JiwKfq;fisj; jkJ fl;Lg;ghl;by; a+jH jpUf;Nfhapy; kw;Wk; mdl;lgdp nfhz;LtUtjhFk;. nrhe;j ehl;bYk;> tlf;F a+jH jpUf;Nfhapy; MfpaitAk; mNrhfr; rf;futHj;jpaplk; ,NjNghd;w mlq;Fk;.

Nfhl;lg;Guk; Nfhl;il

kQ;Rkhjh Njthyak;

Nfhl;lg;Guk; re;ij

1523-,y; NghHj;Jf;Nfauhy; fl;lg;gl;l ,e;jf; Nfhl;ilahdJ fpuq;fD}H Nfhl;il vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;. ,J ngupahH Mw;wpd; thapy; ftHr;rpahd ,lj;jpy; mike;jpUg;gjd; fhuzkhf kpf ed;whfg; guhkupf;fg;gl;lJ.

,e;jj; NjthyaKk; mjd; Rw;Wg;Gwq;fSk; xU %Lgdpahy; kiwf;fg;gl;ljhfTk;> ,J jpg;G Ry;jhdpd; ,uhZtj;ij NtW jpirapy; jpUg;gp tpl;ljd; fhuzkhf gy capHfs; fhg;ghw;wg;gl;ljhfTk; xU Guhzf;fij cs;sJ.

kpfg;gioikahd eWkzj;jputpa tzpf ikakhd Nfhl;lg;Guk; re;ijahdJ> mjpfhiy 3 kzpf;Nf jpwe;J> gpd;Nduk; 3 kzpf;Fg; g+l;lg;gLk; gz;ila ehl;Lg;Gw tzpfr; re;ij vg;gbr; nray;gl;lJ vd;gjw;fhd xU gpujpahFk;.

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ciuahly;

Ntfkhd xOq;ifapy;

thfdk; nrYj;Jjy; Xl;lg; ge;jar; RtLfspy; Gfo;ngw;w Mz;fis tpQ;rpa tpjj;jpy; Nkhl;lhu; irf;fps; nrYj;Jtij tpUk;Gk; rpwe;j Nkhl;lhu; irf;fps; Xl;bahd myp\h mg;Jy;yh jw;NghJ jpiug;glq;fspy; ebf;fpd;whu; ciu | \rp Fkhup

fpupf;nfw; tPuu;fs; flTs;fshf irf;fps; xd;iw gpwe;j ehs; guprhfj; tzq;fg;gLk; xU ehl;by;> myp\h je;j NghJ> vdJ vjpu;fhyk; Nkhl;lhu; mg;Jy;yh J}a fhw;iwr; Rthrpg;gJ thfd tpisahl;lhfNt mikAk; vd;gij Nghd;W thfdj;ijr; nrYj;Jfpd;whu;. ehd; mwpe;J nfhz;Nld;" vd mtu; jdJ cupa Jiwiaj; jhNd njupT vspikahff; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu;. nra;J jdJ jiytpjpiaj; jhNd vOj mtUila Nguhu;tk; ,d;W mtiu tpUk;Gk; etPd fhy ,e;jpag; ngz;zhf ehl;bd; xNu Rg;gu; - Nkhl;lhu; irf;fps; mtu; tpsq;Ffpd;whu;. Xl;lf;fhuuhf tP tbt miwapy; khw;wpAs;sJ. mtuJ Rg;gu; igf; Xl;LtJ ,e;j Kf;fpaj;Jtk; “vdJ 18 MtJ Nghd;W jdpj;Jtkhd tha;ej ; jPuk ; hdj;jpd; gpwe;j ehsd;W vdJ Jiwfspy; mtu; mu;jj ; k; mtu; fhl;Lk; Mu;tk; mtuJ Mz;fSld; mg;gh vdf;F 600 Gfio nkd;NkYk; Nghl;bapLfpwhu;> rPrP Rg;gu; Nkhl;lhu; mjpfupg;gjhfTk; mtu;fSld; Nghl;bapl;L irf;fps; xd;iw gpwe;j Mr;rupa%l;LtjhfTk; Njhy;tpailtij cs;sJ! ntWf;fpwhu; vd;gjhFk;. ehs; guprhfj; je;j "thfd Xl;lj;jpd; 2009 Mk; Mz;by; NghJ> vdJ vjpu;fhyk; kPjhd vdJ Mu;tk; Njrpa Rg;gu; - igf; Nkhl;lhu; thfd vdf;F vl;L tajhf Xl;lg; ge;jaj;jpy; 15 ,Uf;Fk; NghJ Mz;fSld; Nghl;bapl;L tpisahl;lhfNt Muk;gpj;jJ. vdJ %d;whk; ,lj;ijg; mikAk; vd;gij ehd; je;ijAk; xU thfdg; ngw;whu;. "Njf MNuhf;fpa mwpe;J nfhz;Nld;” ge;ja Xl;lf;fhuuhf tplaj;jpy; ve;jnthU ,Ue;jhu;. mtuJ Mzpd; rthiyAk; ,ae;jpuk;> Ntfk;> tPu Vw;fj; jahuhf cs;Nsd;. jPur;nray;fs; vd;gd vd;idf; ftu;ej ; d. ehd; rpwe;j clw;fl;likg;igg; NgZjpy; gpd;du; ehd; Xl;lg; ge;jaf; fhiu jPtpu Mu;tk; nfhz;lts;. jpdKk; Ie;JXl;bg; ghu;jN ; jd;. mij ehd; ed;whfNt MW kzpj;jpahyq;fs; clw;gapw;rp nra;Njd;. gbg;gbahf> thfd Xl;lk; nra;fpd;Nwd;. ehd; cly; cWjp> clw; vdJ Nguhu;tj;Jf;Fupajhf khwpaJ. gyk;> KJfpd; fPog ; ; gFjp kw;Wk; fOj;Jg; vdJ 18 MtJ gpwe;j ehsd;W vdJ gpuNjrq;fs; vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf mg;gh vdf;F 600 rPrP Rg;gu; Nkhl;lhu; mjpfkhd clw;gapw;rpfspy; <LgLfpd;Nwd;.

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

clw;fl;likg;G tplaj;jpy; ve;jnthU Mzpd; rthiyAk; Vw;fj; jahuhf cs;Nsd;. ehd; rpwe;j clw;fl;likg;igg; NgZjpy; jPtpu Mu;tk; nfhz;lts;. jpdKk; Ie;J-MW kzpj;jpahyq;fs; clw;gapw;rp nra;fpd;Nwd;. ehd; cly; cWjp> clw; gyk;> KJfpd; fPo;g; gFjp kw;Wk; fOj;Jg; gpuNjrq;fs; vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf mjpfkhd clw;gapw;rpfspy; <LgLfpd;Nwd” myp\h mg;Jy;yh

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ciuahly;

ngz;fisg; nghWj;jtiuapy;> tpisahl;Lf;fs; vd;d? nts;spj; jpiu jhd; mz;ikapy; ,ay;Gf;F mg;ghw;gl;litahFk;. mjdhy; ,Uk;Gf; Fjpiu jkpo; jpiug;glj;jpy; Nkhl;lhu; fLikahf ciof;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. irf;fps; Xl;lf;fhuuhf ebj;jjd; %yk; jdJ 2013 [_d; khjk; Nfhak;Gj;J}upy; eilngw;w jpiu el;rj;jpug; gazj;ij Muk;gpj;Js;shu;. Xl;lg; ge;jaf;fhuu;fSf;fhd “ehd; mjpy; ebg;gjw;F Njrpa clw;fl;likg;G Kfhkpy;> cld;gLtjw;F mJ jhd; xU epkplj;jpy; 69 kpjpg;Gf;fisr; fhuzk;" vd;W mtu; $Wfpd;whu;. Xl;lg; nra;jjd; %yk; midj;J ,tw;iwnay;yhk;Nfl;Fk; ge;jaf;fhuu;fSf;fhd Mz;fisAk; Njhw;fbj;jhu;. NghJ G+l; rg;ghj;Jf;fs;> Njrpa clw;fl;likg;G mtuJ Vida rhjidfspy;> Njhy; [hf;nfw;fs;> nldpk; 2008 Mk; Mz;by; Njrpa fhw;rl;ilfs; mzpAk; nuhf; Kfhkpy;> xU UCAL tPjp Xl;lr; rhk;gpad; ,irf; fiyQu; jd;ikiaf; epkplj;jpy; 69 Nghl;bapy; ,uz;lhk; ,lj;ijg; nfhz;l xU ngz;zhf mtiu kpjpg;Gf;fisr; ngw;wik> 2008 Mk; Mz;by; ePqf ; s; fw;gid nra;jpUe;jhy; Nthy;f] ; N ; tfd; Njrpa NghNyh cq;fSf;F kw;WnkhU nra;jjd; %yk; fpz;zj;Jf;fhd (,e;jpah) Mr;rupak; fhj;jpUf;fpd;wJ. midj;J Nghl;bapy; vl;lhk; ,lj;ijg; gpd;Ndu epfo;rr ; pfSf;F Mz;fisAk; ngw;wik> 2008 Mk; Mz;by; Mguzq;fSld; mofhd nuhl;lup ,sk; rhjidahsu; Milfis mzptij myp\h Njhw;fbj;jhu; tpUJ toq;fp nfsutpf;fg;gl;lik tpUk;Gfpd;whu;. vd;gd cs;slq;Fk;. Xl;lg; ghijf;F ntspapy; mtu; Ntfkhd ghijapy; kzpj;jpahyj;Jf;F ehd; xU JbJbg;ghd Mizg; Nghd;W ,y;iy. 200 fpNyh kPww ; Uf;F Nkw;gl;l Ntfj;jpy; cz;ikapy;> ehd; Rg;gu;-igf; Xl;Lgtu; vd;gij thoTk; Mz;fSld; Nghl;bapl;L mtu;fisj; mwpe;J kf;fs; Mr;rupag;gLfpd;whu;fs;" vd;W Njhw;fbg;gjw;Fk; tpUk;Gfpd;whu;... mLj;J mtu; Gd;KWtYld; $Wfpd;whu;.

Like MEA INDIA

Follow @MEAINDIA

Channel MEA INDIA

,e;jpa juprdk;

etk;gH-brk;gH 2014

Like MEA INDIA

Follow MEA INDIA

Follow @MEAINDIA Channel MEA INDIA

Facebook

INDIAN DIPLOMACY

followers

5,00,000 +

9 million+ views

YouTube

#digitaldiplomacy

Twitter

3,00,000 + followers

For Passport/Visa Follow @CPVINDIA

Google+

2,50,000 +

followers

50,000 + subscribes

YouTube

Follow @INDIANDIPLOMACY

Google+

views

4.8 million +

Channel

INDIAN DIPLOMACY

TAMIL