India perspectives Tamil July-September 2017 by Indian Diplomacy

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fdT Xl;lk; rkPgfhykhfNt> ePyepw MilapYs;s ,e;j ngz;kzpfs; %d;W Kiw cyf rhk;gpadhd M];jpNuypahit [dthp 2016 ,y; mth;fSila nrhe;j kz;zpNyNa Njhw;fbj;J Kjy; T20 njhliu ntd;W tuyhW gilj;Js;sdh;. mjd;gpwF ,e;j mzp njhlh;e;J gpg;uthpapy; eilngw;w xUehs; Nghl;bj; njhlh;fspy; ,yq;ifia Njhw;fbj;jJ> NkYk; 2016 ,y; kw;Wk; T20 Nghl;bj; njhlh;fspy; Kidg;NghL Nghl;bapl;l xUehs; Nghl;bj; njhlh;fspy;

jdJ nrhe;j eilapy; mth; jdpj;Jtkhf ,Ug;gjdhy;> rr;rpd; nlz;Ly;fh; kw;Wk; Rdpy; fhth];fh; ,UtUNk mtiu ‘Nyb nlz;Ly;fh;’ vd miof;f Ntz;lhnkd kf;fisf; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 9 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rhjid

,e;jpa kfsph; mzpahdJ ,q;fpyhe;jpy; eilngw;w I.rp.rp kfsph; cyff; Nfhg;igapy; kpf mjpf ud; vLj;jJ

Kd;dhy; cyf rhk;gpadhd epArpyhe;ij Njhw;fbj;jJ.

cyfj; juk;tha;e;j jpwik ,d;W> ,e;jpa kfsph; fphpf;nfl; mzpahdJ cyf Nghl;bfspy; jPtpu Nghl;bahsuhff; fUjg;gLfpwJ. mikjpahf kw;Wk; rhe;jkhf Kjypy; Ngl; gpbf;Fk; G+dk; uTj;> ‘$yhd Nfg;ld;’ Kul;Lj;jdkhd Ntfg;ge;J tPr;rhsh; [{yd; Nfh];thkp> ,sk; jpwikahsh; jPg;jp rh;kh> Ntj fpU\;z%h;j;jp kw;Wk; `h;khd;gphpj; fTh; MfpNahh; midtUNk cyfj;juk; tha;e;j tPuh;fshth;.

fhj;jpUf;Fk; khw;wk; rkPgj;jpy; ,e;j mzp ngw;WtUk; khngUk; MjuTf;Fg; gpwF> ,g;NghJ kfsph; fphpf;nfl; ,Wjpahf ,e;jpahtpy; rpy Kf;fpa

,e;jpa juprdk; | 10 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

rkPgj;jpy;> ,e;j mzp Kjy; T20 njhlhpy; M];jpNuypahit ntd;W tuyhW gilj;Js;sJ jFjpahd ftdj;ijg; ngw;wpUf;fpwJ. MdhYk;> cz;ikahd khw;wk; vd;gJ khpahij vd;Dk; tpsf;ifAk; mq;fPfhu xspia gw;w itg;gjpNyANk ,Uf;fpwJ. ,e;j jpwikahd tpisahl;L tPuh;fis mq;fPfhpg;gJ mth;fSila ntw;wpf;F mtrpakhdjhFk;. ,e;j Mzhjpf;fk; epiwe;j tpisahl;by; jq;fSf;nfd nrhe;j ,lq;fis cUthf;fpa ,e;j tpisahl;L MSikfs; jhd; ekJ ,e;jpa ngz; fphpf;nfl; tPuh;fshth;.

$l;lhz;ik

Gjpa cj;jpfis Nehf;fp jd; Ie;jhtJ gazkhf ,e;j tUlj;jpd; [_d; khjj;jpy; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhb mnkhpf;fhTf;Fr; nrd;wJ> ,e;jpa-cwTfis tYg;gLj;Jtjhf mike;jJ. ,U ehLfSf;F ,ilNaahd ,U jug;G cwTfspy; Gjpa ghpkhzj;ijAk; cUthf;fpaJ. ciu | /g; uhrh

th\pq;ld; brp-apy; cs;s nts;iskhspifapy; ,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu NkhbAk;> mnkhpf;f mjpgH nlhdhy;l; buk;Gk; $l;lwpf;if ntspapl;lNghJ> ifFYf;fpf; nfhz;l fhl;rp.

,e;j tUlk; [_d; khjj;jpy;> ,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhbia Kjd;Kiwahfr; re;jpj;j gpwF mnkhpf;f mjpguhd nlhdhy;l; buk;g;> th\pq;ld; brpapy; cs;s nts;is khspifapy; gj;jphpf;ifahsHfisr; re;jpj;jhH. mg;NghJ> “,e;jpah> mnkhpf;fh ,ilNahd cwthdJ ,e;j msTf;F tYthdjhf> rpwg;ghdjhf ,Ue;jjpy;iy” vd;W $wpdhH. cyfpd; ngUk; [dehaf

ehLfshd ,U ehl;L jiytHfisAk; xUkpj;j fUj;Jf;Ff; nfhz;LtUtjw;F jd; mnkhpf;f gazj;jpd;NghJ gpujkH Nkhb Kaw;rpfs; Nkw;nfhz;lhH. njhlHr;rpahf Vw;gl;l tpisTfisg; ghHf;Fk;NghJ> me;j ,uz;L ehs; gazk; ntw;wpfukhdjhfNt mike;jJ. ,e;jpahmnkhpf;fh ,ilNa gy R%f jPHTfs; cz;lhdjhy; ,e;jr; re;jpg;G ‘tuyhw;W’

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 11 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;lhz;ik

rpwg;Gkpf;fnjd rHtNjr Clfq;fs; njhptpj;jd. gaq;futhj vjpHg;G gw;wp tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJk;> 22 Mspy;yh fhHbad; tpkhdq;fis tpw;gjw;F rk;kjpj;jJk;> fly; ghJfhg;G gw;wp tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJk;> ,e;jpahTf;F tUk;gb buk;g; FLk;gj;jpdUf;F miog;G nfhLf;fg;gl;lJk; ,jpy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.

gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd Aj;jk; rHtNjr gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd Aj;jj;jpy; ,ize;J nray;gl ,UtUk; mHg;gzpg;Gld; ,Ug;gij typAWj;jpdhHfs;. NkYk;> “gaq;futhjkhdJ xU cyfshtpa capHnfhy;yp. mij xopf;fNtz;Lk;> cyfpy; gaq;futhjpfSf;F Mjutspf;fg;gLk; ,lq;fis mopf;fNtz;Lk”; vd;W gpujkH NkhbAk;> mjpgH nlhdhy;l; buk;Gk; njhptpj;jhHfs;. “my;-nfha;jh> Iv];Iv];> n[a;\;-,-Kfk;kj;> y;f\H-,-ja;gh> b-fk;ngdp kw;Wk; mtw;wpd; gphpTfs; Nghd;w FOf;fs; njhLf;Fk; gaq;futhj mr;RWj;jy;fis vjpHf;f> xj;Jiog;ig mjpfupf;f jhq;fs; xd;Wgl;Ls;sjhf” mtHfs; njhptpj;jhHfs;.

rHtNjr tHj;jfk; mnkhpf;f epWtdq;fSf;F vjpuhd tHj;jf jilfisj; jzpg;gjw;F eltbf;if vLf;Fk;gb gpujkH Nkhbia mjpgH buk;g; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;lhH. “epahakhd> gu];gu” tpisit cz;lhf;Fk; tHj;jf cwit ,e;jpahTld; itj;jpUf;f jhd; tpUk;Gtjhf mtH njhptpj;jhH. cyfshtpa nghUshjhuj;jpy; “tsHr;rpapd; jiyaha vQ;rpd;fs; ” vd;W ,e;jpah kw;Wk; mnkhpf;fh gw;wp Nkhb tpthpj;jhH. NkYk;> “Gjpa ,e;jpahit cUthf;Fk; vd;Dila fdTk;> mnkhpf;fhit NkYk; tsHr;rpAw tpUk;Gk; buk;gpd; fdTk; ,ize;J> vq;fs; xj;Jiog;Gf;F Gjpa ghpkhzj;ij mspf;Fk”; vd;W njhptpj;jhH. ,e;j tp\ak; Fwpj;J ,U ehl;L

“,e;jpah kw;Wk; mnkhpf;fh ,ilNaahd cwthdJ ,e;jsTf;F tYthf> rpwg;ghf xUNghJk; ,Ue;jjpy;iy” vd;W re;jpg;gpd;NghJ buk;g; njhptpj;jhH

,lJ: nts;iskhspifapy; eilngw;w Xty; mYtyf $l;lj;jpy; ,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhb> mnkhpf;f mjpgH nlhdhy;l; buk;g;> buk;gpd; kidtp nkydpah buk;g; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: nts;is khspifapy; cs;s Nuh]; fhHldpy;> gpujkH NkhbAk;> mjpgH nlhdhy;l; buk;Gk; $l;lwpf;if ntspapLfpwhHfs;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 12 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

jiytHfSk; $l;lwpf;if xd;iw ntspapl;bUe;jhHfs;. mjpy;> “xOq;FKiw nray;ghl;il Jhpjg;gLj;jTk;> njhopy;El;gKk; GJfz;Lgpbg;GfSk; KiwNa Ngzg;gLfpd;wdth> kjpf;fg;gLfpd;wdth> ghJfhf;fg;gLfpd;wdth vd;gij cWjpnra;aTk;> tptrhak;> jfty; njhopy;El;gk;> cw;gj;jpahd nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; Nritfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; re;ij mZfiy mjpfhpf;fTk; eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk”; vd;W njhptpj;jpUe;jhHfs;.

ghJfhg;G ilhpfs; mnkhpf;fhtpd; $l;lzp ehLfSf;Fk; neUq;fpa $l;lhspfSf;Fk; ,izahf NghHf;fUtpfisAk; njhopy;El;gj;ijAk; etPdkakhf;Fk;gb NrHe;J ciog;gjhf

NghH cgfuzq;fisAk;> njhopy;El;gj;ijAk; Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; ,ize;J nray;glj; jPHkhdpj;Js;sjhf ,U jiytHfSk; njhptpj;jhHfs;

,U ehLfspd; jiytHfSk; cWjpnkhop vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhHfs;. me;jf; $l;lj;jpw;F Kd;dH> 22 Mspy;yh fhHbad; tpkhdq;fis tpw;gjw;F mnkhpf;fh rk;kjpj;jJ> mjd; nkhj;j kjpg;G 200-300 NfhbahFk;. ,J “Ml;lj;ijNa khw;wpaikkf;Fk”; Af;jpnad $wg;gLfpwJ. fly; ghJfhg;G xj;Jiog;G gw;wpg; Ngrpf;nfhz;lNghJ> “itl; \pg;gpq”; juT gfpHT Vw;ghl;il eilKiwg;gLj;j jhq;fs; tpUk;Gtjhf gpujkH NkhbAk;> mjpgH buk;Gk; mwptpj;jhHfs;. ,jdhy; ehLfs; fly;top ghij juTfisg; gfpuyhk;> fly;top nlhikd; tpopg;GzHit mjpfhpf;fyhk;. tutpUf;Fk; kyghH flw;gapw;rp gw;wpAk; ,e;jr; re;jpg;gpy; njhptpf;fg;gl;lJ. ntspaplg;gl;l $l;lwpf;ifapy;> “tutpUf;Fk; kyghH flw;gapw;rpapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij fUj;jpy;nfhz;L> fly;rhH gfpHTfspy; jhq;fs; mjpfk; <LghLnfhs;sTk;> Gjpa Muha;r;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;sTk; ,U jiytHfSk; jPHkhdj;Js;shHfs”; vd;W njhptpf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. mZrf;jp tpepNahf FO> th];dhH Vw;ghL> M];jpNuypa FO Mfpatw;wpy; ,e;jpahit Muk;g cWg;G ehlhf;FtijAk;>

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 13 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;lhz;ik

jiytHfs; tpthjpj;jJ vd;d ,e;jpa-grp/gpf; gFjpapy; rkhjhdk; ,e;jpa-grp/gpf; gFjpiag; ghJfhf;fpw jq;fs; nghWg;ig czHe;jtHfshf> mq;F rkhjhdKk; ];jpuj;jd;ikAk; epyTtjw;F mnkhpf;fhTf;Fk; ,e;jpahTf;Fk; ,ilNa xU neUq;fpa cwT mtrpankd mjpgH buk;Gk; gpujkH NkhbAk; rk;kjpj;jhHfs;. ,e;j Kaw;rpfshy; ey;y Kd;Ndw;wk; Vw;gl;Ls;sij czHe;jtHfshf> jq;fs; $l;Lwitg; ngyg;gLj;Jtjw;F mjpf eltbf;iffis vLf;f jiytHfs; rk;kjpj;jhHfs;. I.eh rhdj;jpy; tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;s nfhs;iffspd;gb> me;jg; gFjpf;fhd nghJ epajpfspd; njhFg;ig jhq;fs; kjpg;gjhfj; njhptpj;jhHfs;. Mg;fhdp];jhdpd; [dehafj;ijAk;> ];jpuj;jd;ikiaAk;> nropg;igAk;> ghJfhg;igAk; Nkk;gLj;j ,e;jpah vLj;JtUk; eltbf;iffis mjpgH buk;g; tuNtw;whH. gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd epiy gaq;futhjk; xU cyfshtpa capHnfhy;yp vd;Wk;> cyfpy; gaq;futhjpfSf;Fg; ghJfhg;gspf;Fk; gFjpfis mopf;fNtz;Lk; vd;Wk; jiytHfs; typAWj;jpdhHfs;. kdpj ,dj;jpw;F tplg;gl;Ls;s ,e;jg; gaq;fu rthiy vjpHj;J> ,e;jpahTk; mnkhpf;fhTk; NrHe;J Aj;je;njhLf;Fnkdj; jPHkhdpj;jhHfs;. ,Nj Ntfj;jpy;> rHtNjr kw;Wk; cs;ehl;L gaq;futhj mikg;Gfisf; fz;lwpe;J gl;baypLtjw;F nfhz;Ltug;gl;l xU Gjpa MNyhrid KiwiaAk; tuNtw;wdH. cwTj;Jiw gfpHit Cf;Ftpg;gjd; %yKk; nray;ghl;L mstpyhd gaq;fhuthj vjpHeltjpf;ifia Cf;Ftpg;gjd; %yKk; gaq;futhjpfs; gazpg;gijAk;> gaq;futhjj;jpw;F Ms;NrHg;gijAk; jLg;gjw;F NrHe;Jnrag;gLtjhfTk; $wpdhHfs;. tpa+ff; $l;lk; Kf;fpa ghJfhg;G $l;lhspahf ,e;jpahit mnkhpf;fh mq;fPfhpg;gjpd; milahskhf> ghJfhg; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G xj;Jiog;G Mfpatw;iw NkYk; ngyg;gLj;j mjpgH buk;Gk;> gpujke;jphp NkhbAk; cWjpnkhop

,e;jpa juprdk; | 14 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhHfs;. mnkhpf;fhtpd; $l;lzp ehLfSf;Fk; neUq;fpa $l;lhspfSf;Fk; ,izahf NghHf;fUtpfisAk; njhopy;El;gj;ijAk; etPdkakhf;Fk;gb NrHe;J ciog;gjhf ,U ehLfspd; jiytHfSk; njuptpj;jhHfs;. ,e;jf; $l;Lwtpd; tpisthf> ,e;jpah Nfl;Lf;nfhz;lgb 22 Mspy;yh fhHbad; tpkhdq;fis tpw;gjw;F mnkhpf;fh rk;kjpj;jJ. mJ ,e;jpa ghJfhg;G jpwid mjpfhpf;Fk;> gu];gu ghJfhg;G eyd;fis Cf;Ftpf;Fk;. fly; ghJfhg;G xj;Jiog;ig mjpfhpg;gjw;F> “itl; \pg;gpq”; juT gfpHT Vw;ghl;il eilKiwg;gLj;j jhq;fs; tpUk;Gtjhf ,U jiytHfSk; mwptpj;jhHfs;. ,jdhy; fly;top nlhikd; tpopg;GzHT mjpfhpf;Fk;;. epahakhd tHj;jfk; cyf nghUshjhuj;jpd; jiyaha ,ae;jpuq;fshd ,e;jpahTk; mnkhpf;fhTk; jq;fs; Njrq;fisg; ngyg;gLj;jTk;> jq;fs; kf;fspd; tho;Tjuj;ij mjpfhpf;fTk; nghUshjhu xj;Jiog;igj; jPtpug;gLj;j Ntz;Lnkd;W jiytHfs; njhptpj;jhHfs;. jq;fs; ehLfspy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;l Kf;fpa nghUshjhu kw;Wk; thp rPHjpUj;jq;fs; ,UehLfspd; nghUshjhu tsHr;rpf;Fk; kjifj; jpwe;JtpLnkd czHe;jtHfshf> tHj;jf cwitg; ngUf;fTk;> tsHr;rp kw;Wk; Ntiy cUthf;fj;jpw;F jilahf ,Ug;gtw;iw mfw;wTk; ,U jiytHfSk; rk;kjpj;jhHfs;. epahakhd tHj;jfj;jpw;F mbg;gilahd epajpfis Cf;Ftpf;Fk; tpjj;jpy; tzpfj;jp;y; <LghLfhl;l mtHfs; jPHkhdpj;jhHfs;. xOq;FKiw nray;ghl;il Jhpjg;gLj;jTk;> njhopy;El;gKk; GJfz;Lgpbg;GfSk; KiwNa Ngzg;gLfpd;wdth> kjpf;fg;gLfpd;wdth> ghJfhf;fg;gLfpd;wdth vd;gij cWjpnra;aTk;> tptrhak;> jfty; njhopy;El;gk;> cw;gj;jpahd nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; Nritfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; re;ij mZfiy mjpfhpf;fTk; eltbf;if vLf;fTk; tHj;jf cwTfs; Fwpj;J tphpthf Muha;tjw;F ,e;jpahTk; mnkhpf;fhTk; jpl;lkpLfpd;wd.

2017

,e;jpa-grp/gpf; gFjpapy; jq;fs; $l;Lwitg; ngyg;gLj;Jtjw;F eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLnkd mjpgH buk;Gk;> gpujkH NkhbAk; mwptpj;jhHfs;

rPHjpUj;jg;gl;l If;fpa ehLfs; ghJfhg;G fTd;rpypy; epue;jpu cWg;gpduhf;FtijAk; jhd; Kw;wpYk; Mjhpg;gjhf mjpgH buk;g; njhptpj;jhH.

epiyapy; khw;wk; ,e;jpa-grp/gpf; gFjpapy; jq;fs; $l;Lwitg; ngyg;gLj;j eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gLnkd mjpgH buk;Gk;> gpujkH eNue;jpu NkhbAk; njhptpj;jhHfs;. gFjp KOtjpYk; fly;top Rje;juKk;> thd;top Rje;juKk;> tHj;j Rje;juKk; mtrpankd jhq;fs; typAWj;jg;Nghtjhf mtHfs; cWjp$wpdhHfs;.

mjpfhug;g+Ht miog;G

NkNy: gpujkH NkhbAk; mjpgH buk;Gk; nts;is khspifapy; ifFYf;fpf; nfhz;l fhl;rp ,lJ: Xty; mYtyfj;jpy; eilngw;w xU $l;lj;jpy; gpujkH NkhbAk;> mjpgH buk;Gk;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

mjpgH buk;gpd; kfshd ,tq;fh buk;g;> cyfshtpa njhopy;KidNthH cr;rpkhehl;bw;F ([p,v];) mnkhpf;f gpujpepjpfisj; jiyikjhq;fpr; nry;thH. ,e;jpahtpy; ,e;j tUl filrpapy; ,e;j khehL eilngWfpwJ. [p,v]; vd;gJ cyfk; KOtjpYk; cs;s njhopy;KidNthUk;> fz;Lgpbg;ghsHfSk; xd;W$Lfpw xU Kf;fpa ntspAwT nfhs;ifapd; Kd;Kaw;rpahFk;> tutpUf;Fk; $l;lj;ij ,e;jpah elj;japUf;fpwJ. “mnkhpf;f gpujpepjpfSf;F jiyikjhq;Fk;gb ehd; mtUf;F (,thq;fh buk;g;) miog;GtpLj;Njd”; vd;W gpujkH Nkhb $wpdhH. me;jf; $l;lwpf;ifapd;NghJ mjpgH buk;Gk; cldpUe;jhH. ,thq;fh jd; miog;ig Vw;Wf;nfhz;ljhff; $wpa Nkhb> mnkhpf;f mjpgUk; mtH FLk;gj;jpdUk; ,e;jpah tUk;gb mioj;jhH. gpd;dH ,Jgw;wp> “,e;j tUl ,Wjpapy; ,e;jpahtpy; eilngWk; cyf njhopy;KidNthH cr;rp khehl;by; mnkhpf;f gpujpepjpfSf;Fj; jiyikjhq;Fk;gb vd;dplk; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;l gpujkH Nkhb mtHfNs> ed;wp” vd;W btPl;lhpy; njhptpj;jpUe;jhH.

2017

| 15 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;lhz;ik

tsu;r;rpia Nehf;fpa

gazj;jpy;

[g;ghdpag; gpujk ke;jpupapd; ,e;jpa tUif ,e;jpah kw;Wk; [g;ghd; ehLfSf;fpilNa njhopy; El;gk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G Mfpa ,U Kf;fpa JiwfspYk; Nkw;nfhs;stpUf;fpw ,Ujug;G $l;L Kaw;rpfis typikg;gLj;Jtjhf mike;jJ

,e;jpag; gpujku; eNue;jpuNkhb kw;Wk; [g;ghdpag; gpujku; ]pd;N]h mNg ,UtUk; ,ize;J F[uhj; khepy m`kjhgj;jpy; ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; mjptpiuT ,uapy; jpl;lj;Jf;F mbf;fy; ehl;bdu;. mj;Jld; ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilNa typikahd ,Ujug;G cwT kw;Wk; kpf ngupastpyhd $l;LwT Kaw;rpfSf;Fk; mbf;fy; ehl;bdu;. gpujk ke;jpup mNg ,e;jpahTf;F nrg;lk;gu; 13 ypUe;J 14 tiu ,>Uehl;fs; 12 MtJ ,e;jpa [g;ghdpa tUlhe;jpu cr;rpkhehl;by; gq;Nfw;f tUif je;jpUe;jhu;. ,e;j tUifapd;NghJ ,U

,e;jpa juprdk; | 16 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

ehl;Lj;jiytu;fs; ntspapl;l $l;lwpf;ifapy; ,U ehl;Lj; jiytu;fSk;> ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilNaahd rpwg;G Af;jpfs; kw;Wk; cyfshtpa $l;lhz;ikapd; mbg;gilapy; epyTfpw gpur;rpidfs; Fwpj;J xU tpupthd fye;Jiuahliy epfo;j;jpdu;. kw;Wk; 'fle;j %d;W Mz;Lfshf Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tifapy; kpf Mokhf tpahgpj;JtUk; ,>Ujug;G cwTfs; kw;Wk; nghJ kjpg;gPLfs; kw;Wk; ghuk;gupa mbg;gilapyhd murpay;> nghUshjhu kw;Wk; Af;jpG+u;tkhd Mu;tq;fspd; cWjpahd epiyg;ghL mj;Jld; mikjp> ghJfhg;G

kw;Wk; tsu;r;rp Fwpj;J jw;fhy gpur;rpidfspy; cUthfptUk; xUkpj;j fUj;J Mfpatw;iw tuNtw;wdu.;"

Gy;yl; uapy; mfkjhghj;jpy; rgu;kjp ,uapy; epiyaj;jpy; ,U jiytu;fyhy; njhlq;fp itf;fg;gl;l; Kk;ig– m`kjhghj; mjptpiuT uapy; (vk;Vvr;v];Mu;) ,e;jpahtpy; njhlq;fg;gl;l Kjy; Gy;yl; uapyhFk;. mJ 'Mg;D mk;jhthj; L Mk;r;rp Kk;ig (vd; m`kjhghjpypUe;J ek; Kk;ig tiu)" Mfpa ,U efuq;fis ,izf;Fk;. vd;W njhlf;f tpohTf;Fg; gpd;du; gpujk ke;jpup Nkhb nrhd;dhu;. ,e;jj; jpl;lk; ,e;j ,U efuq;fSf;fpilNaahd gaz Neuj;ij VO kzp Neuj;jpypUe;J %d;W kzp Neuj;Jf;Fk; mjpfkhff; Fiwf;Fk;. ,J [g;ghdpd; ]pd;fhd;nrd; kpd;dy; Ntf uapy; njhopy; El;gj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ,af;fg;gLk;. ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilNa Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;L tUk; $l;L Kaw;rpj; jpl;lq;fspd; mbg;gilf; fl;Lkhdq;fspd; mjpfupj;J tUk; gl;baypy; cau;e;j yl;rpaj;Jld; $ba ,e;j 508 fpkP jz;lthsg ;ghij xU tuNtw;fj;jf;f Nru;f;ifahFk;. Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; 75 MtJ Mz;il xU Gjpa tuyhwhf Fwpf;Fk; tifapy; 2022 Mk; Mz;by; ,ij epiwT nra;a jpl;lkplg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

,e;jpa-grpgpf; $l;LwT

NkNy: ,e;jpa gpujk ke;jpup eNue;jpu Nkhb kw;Wk; [g;ghdpa gpujk ke;jpup ]pd;N]h mNg MfpNahu; F[uhj; m`kjhghj;jpy; Kk;ig- m`kjhghj; mjptpiuT uapy; jpl;lj;jpd; (vk;V`r;v];Mu;) mbf;fy; ehl;L tpohtpy; fye;J nfhs;Sfpwhu;fs; Nky;-glj;jpy;: gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; gpujku; mNg> ,UtUk; fhe;jpefupy; eilngw;w 12 MtJ ,e;jpa-[g;ghd; tUlhe;jpu cr;rpkhehl;by;

jq;fSf;fpilNaahd Af;jpG+u;tkhd $l;lhz;ikapd; mbj;jsj;ij tpupthf;Fk; nghUl;L ,U gpujk ke;jpupfSk; 15 xg;ge;jq;fspy; ifnaOj;jpl;ldu; kw;Wk; 'Rje;jpukhd ntspg;gilahd> nropg;ghd ,iwahz;ik kw;Wk; ru;tNjr rl;lq;fs; kjpf;fg;gLfpw xU grpgpf; gFjpia” ntd;wila jq;fsJ cWjpg;ghl;il kPz;Lk; typAWj;Jk; tifapy; ,J mike;jJ. “mt;thwhd rl;lk; rhu;e;j xOq;fikg;ig typikg;gLj;jTk; ghJfhf;fTk;” ,e;jpahTk; [g;ghDk; xU Kf;fpa gq;fhw;w KbAk; vd;gij ,U jiytu;fSk; typAWj;jpdu;. mij epiwNtw;Wk; nghUl;L ,e;jpahtpd; fpof;F Nehf;fpa eltbf;if nfhs;ifAld; [g;ghdpd; Rje;jpukhd kw;Wk; ntspg;gilahd ,e;jpa–grpgpf; Af;jpia ,izf;Fk; mtu;fspd; Kaw;rpfSf;F NkYk; typikA+l;Lthu;fs;. mtu;fs; NkYk; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; ,uhZt $l;L Kaw;rpia Nkk;gLj;jTk;> ,e;jpah [g;ghd; KjyPl;L Cf;Ftpg;Gf; $l;lhz;ik %yk; tsj;ij mjpfupf;fTk; rupahd Neuj;jpy; mbg;gilf; fl;Lkhdj; jpl;lq;fis mky;gLj;Jtij cWjpg;gLj;jTk;> gaq;futhjk;> Rw;Wr; R+oy; khw;wq;fs; Nghd;w cyfstpyhd rthy;fis vjpu;nfhs;sTk; “A.v];> M];j;Nuypah kw;Wk; gy ehLfSld; Kj;jug;G $l;LwT

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 17 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;lhz;ik

NkNy: ,lJ Gwk; : gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; kidtp mfP Ald; gpujku; mNg> m`kjhghj; rgu;kjp Mrpukj;jpy; fPNo: gpujku; Nkhb kd; fp ghj; - thndhypapy; xU r%fg; Gul;rp vd;w Gj;jfj;ij gpujku; mNgf;F fhe;jpefupy; guprspf;fpwhu;. vjpu;gf;fk;: ,U gpujk ke;jpupfSk; m`kjhghj; vk;V`r;Mu; mbf;fy; ehl;L tpohtpy;

fl;likg;ig” typikg;gLj;jTk; kw;Wk; Rw;Wyh> nghJtpkhdg; Nghf;Ftuj;J> cau;fy;tp> ngz;fs; fy;tp> jpwd; tsu;g;G> tpisahl;L Mfpa Jiwfspy; xUq;fpizg;ig” Vw;gLj;jp kf;fSld; kf;fshf ,ize;J gzpahw;Wtij Nkk;gLj;j cWjpnkhop Nkw;nfhz;lhu;fs;

NjrPag; ghJfhg;G gpujkke;jpup Nkhb kw;Wk; gpujk ke;jpup mNg ,UtUk; ,U ehLfSf;fpilNa Af;jpG+u;tkhd $l;Lwit Nkk;gLj;j ,uhZtk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G $l;Lwit typAWj;jpdhu;fs;. ,U ehl;ilr; Nru;e;j ,uhZt ke;jpupfs; rkPgj;jpy; elj;jg;gl;l tUlhe;jpu ghJfhg;G mikr;rf fye;Jiuahly;fs;> Nlhf;fpNahtpy; rkPgj;jpy; elj;jg;gl;l KjyhtJ ghJfhg;G njhopw;Jiw mikg;G Mfpatw;wpy; ntspapl;l fUj;Jf;fs;> kw;Wk; ,uhZt njhopy;Jiwapy; $l;LwTfs; Fwpj;J ek;gpf;ifaspf;ff; $ba kw;w gy Kaw;rpfs; rk;ge;jkhd fUj;jhly;fs; Mfpatw;iw tuNtw;wdu;. ,U ehl;Lj; jiytu;fSk; “fly;rhu; ghJfhg;G $l;LwT Kaw;rpapy; mile;j Fwpg;gplj;jFe;j Kd;Ndw;wj;ij ghuhl;bdu;” kw;Wk; “,e;jpa flw;gil kw;Wk; [g;ghd; fly;rhu; jw;fhg;Gg; gil (n[vk;v];bv/g;) Mfpatw;Wf;fpilapyhd nghJthd gu];gu mf;fiwapy; njhlu;e;j neUq;fpa $l;Lwit Fwpg;gpl;lhu;fs;.” ,e;jpa juprdk; | 18 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

NkYk; mtu;fs; ghJfhg;Gf; fUtpfs; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; Mspy;yh jiu thfdq;fs; kw;Wk; ve;jpudpay; Jiwapy; vjpu;fhy Muha;r;rpf;fhd xUq;fpizg;ig cs;slf;fpatw;wpy; ,Ujug;G $l;LwT mile;j rkPgj;jpa Kd;Ndw;wq;fis Fwpg;gpl;ldu;.

njhlu;Gila cyfk; ,U ehl;Lj;jiytu;fSk; ,e;jpa–grpgpf; gFjpapy; ,e;jpah kw;Wk; gy;NtW ehLfSf;fpilNaahd njhlu;Gfis Nkk;gLj;j cWjpG+z;Ls;sij ntspg;gLj;jpdu;. ,U gpujk ke;jpupfSk; “,e;jpa - grpgpf; gFjpapYs;s gy;NtW gq;Fjhuu;fSf;F gadspf;ff; $ba >Mrpah kw;Wk; Mg;gpupf;fhtpd; njhopw;Jiw ntspfs; kw;Wk; njhopy;Jiw gpiza tsu;r;rpia Ma;T " nra;a Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Kaw;rpfis tuNtw;wdu;. midj;J ehLfSk;" njhlu;GfSf;fhd mbg;gilf ;fl;likg;G Nkk;ghL kw;Wk; gad;ghLfis ntspg;gilahfTk;> njspthfTk; kw;Wk; jdpg;gl;ljy;yhjjhfTk; ru;tNjr tiuKiwfspd; mbg;gilapy; nghWg;ghd fld; toq;Fk; topfis Nkw;nfhz;L ,iwahz;ik> kw;Wk; vy;iy rhu;e;j xUikg;ghL> rl;l topKiwfs;> kw;Wk; Rw;Wr; R+oy; mbg;gilapy; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLtij typAWj;jpdhu;fs;" vd;W $l;lwpf;if tpsf;FfpwJ gpujku; Nkhb kw;Wk; gpujku; mNg ,UtUk; ,e;jpa tl fpof;Fg;gFjp(vd;,Mu;) tsu;r;rpf;fhd ,e;jpa-

[g;ghd; $l;LwT kw;Wk; gpuhe;jpa njhlu;Gfis Nkk;gLj;Jk; " rpwg;Gj; jPTfs;" jpl;lj;ijAk; tuNtw;whu;fs;.

tsk; kw;Wk; $l;lhz;ik ,U gpujk ke;jpupfSk; ,e;jpahtpy; jahu; nra;Ak; Kaw;rpfs; mj;Jld; `r; v]; Mu; jpl;l;lq;fs; %ykhf njhopy; El;g gupkhw;wk; Mfpatw;iw Nkk;gLj;Jk; mtu;fsJ cWjpg;ghl;il kPz;Lk; typAWj;jpdhu;fs;. ghuj; n`tp vyf;l;upfy;]; ypl; (gp`r;,vy;) kw;Wk; ftrhfp MfpaitfSf;fpilNa vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk; $l;Lwitg; Nghd;w njhopy; El;gk; rhu;e;j xj;Jiog;ig ,U ehLfSf;fpilapy; Vw;gLtij tuNtw;wdu; kw;Wk; mjptpiuT ,uapy; Jiwapy; ,UtUf;FkpilNa cs;s $l;lhz;ikia NkYk; tYg;gLj;Jk; tpUg;gj;ij ntspapl;ldu; tUifapd; Kbtpy; [g;ghdpa gpujk ke;jpup ] pd;N]h mNg [g;ghDf;F jpUk;Gifapy; ,e;jpa muRf;Fk; ,e;jpa kf;fSf;Fk; mtu;fsJ tpUe;Njhk;gYf;fhfTk; jd; ed;wpfisj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhz;lhu;. kw;Wk; ,e;jpag; gpujk ke;jpup eNue;jpu Nkhbf;F mLj;j tUlhe;jpu cr;rp khehl;Lf;F [g;ghDf;F tUkhW miog;igAk; tpLj;jhu;. gpujku; Nkhb me;j miog;ig Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhu; kw;Wk; ,UtUf;Fk; trjpahd rkaj;jpy; [g;ghDf;Fr; nry;ytpUf;fpwhu;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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$l;lhz;ik

kpad;khupy; ghuk;gupaj;Jf;F

tzf;fk; njuptpj;jy; ,e;jpa gpujk ke;jpup eNue;jpu Nkhb jdJ KjyhtJ ,Ujug;G murhq;f tUifahf kpad;khUf;F nrg;lk;gu; 5> 2017 ,y; nrd;whu jdJ KjyhtJ ,Ujug;G murhq;f tUifahf kpad;khUf;F nrg;lk;gu; 5> 2017 ,y; nrd;w gpujk ke;jpup eNue;jpu Nkhbf;F kpad;khu;> ie ig lh tpy; cs;s [dhjpgjp khspifapy; murhq;f kupahijAld; tuNtw;G mspf;fg;gl;lJ. kupahij epkpj;jk; kpad;khu; [dhjpgjp A `;bd; f;aht; mtu;fisr; nrd;W re;jpj;jhu;. mtu; gpujkiuf; fTutg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; murhq;f tpUe;njhd;iw toq;fpdhu;. tUifapd; ,uz;lhtJ ehs; gpujk;u; NkhbAk; muR MNyhrfu; lh Mq; R+ fP

,e;jpa juprdk; | 20 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

mtu;fSk; gy;NtW tpraq;fs; gw;wp ,Ujug;Gg; Ngr;R thu;j;ij elj;jpdhu;fs;. ,U jiytu;fSk; ntspapl;l $l;lwpf;ifapy;> mtu;fspUtUk; â&#x20AC;&#x153;njhlu;e;J eilngWk; mjpfhupfspd; guptu;j;jid> nghUshjhu> tzpf> kw;Wk; fhyhr;rhu $l;L gw;wp kjpg;gPL nra;jjhfTk; kw;Wk; kf;fSld; kf;fs; guptu;j;jidfs; kpad;khupd; Rje;jpukhd> <Lghl;Lld; $ba may; ehLfSld; mzpNruhf; nfhs;if kw;Wk; ,e;jpahtpd; eilKiwg;gLj;jf; $ba rhj;jpaKs;s fpof;F

,lJ Gwk;: ,e;jpag;gpujk ke;jpup eNue;jpu Nkhb kpad;khu; [dhjpgjp A `;bd; f;aht;it kpad;khu;> ie ig lh tpy; cs;s [dhjpgjp khspifapy; re;jpf;fpwhu; vjpu;g; gf;fk;: gpujku; Nkhb ghfhdpy; Mde;jh Nfhtpy; tUifahsu; gjpNtl;by; ifnaOj;jpLfpwhu;

eltbf;if kw;Wk; mz;il ehNl Kjd;ikf; nfhs;iffs; Mfpatw;Wf;fpilapy; ,irit ntspg;gLj;Jk; tifapy;” Ma;T nra;jjhfTk; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. %d;W ehs; gazj;jpd; NghJ jdJ murhq;f Ngr;R thu;j;ijfs; kw;Wk; ehl;bd; epfo;r;rpfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; gpujku; Nkhb rupj;jpu Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j gfhd; kw;Wk; ahq;$d; Nghd;w ,lq;fSf;F tUif je;jhu;. gfhdpy; mtu; 12 MtJ E} w;whz;bd; Kjy; gFjpapy; fl;lg;gl;l gfhd; gFjpapNyNa ,uz;lhtJ kpfg; ngupjhd Gj;jf; Nfhtpy; Mde;jh NfhtpYf;F nrd;whu;. fle;j Mz;L epfo;e;j epy eLf;f;j;jpw;Fg; gpwF ,e;jpa njhy;nghUs; Muha;r;rpf; fofj;jpd; (Vv];I) topfhl;Ljy;fNshL ,e;jpa kw;Wk; kpad;khu; njhy;nghUs; Muha;r;rpahsu;fs; me;jf; Nfhtpypy; rPuikg;Gg; gzpia elj;jp tUfpwhu;fs; ,e;jpag;gpujku; mtuJ kupahijfsr; nrYj;jptpl;L mijr; Rw;wpg;ghu;itapl;lhu;. mg;NghJ Vv];I

%d;W ehs; tUifapd; filrp ehspy; gpujk ke;jpup ahq;NfhdpYs;s r;ntlNfhd; gNfhlhTf;F tUif Gupe;jhu;

gpujpepjpfs; rPuikg;Gg; gzpfspd; eltbf;iffs; gw;wp mtUf;F tpsf;fpdu;. %d;W ehs; tUifapd; filrp ehspy; gpujk ke;jpup ahq;NfhdpYs;s r;ntlNfhd; gNfhlhTf;F tUif Gupe;jhu;. uhay; Nyf;Ff;F tlGwkhf mike;Js;s ,e;j 2>500 t;Ul goq;fyf; fl;blk; kpad;khupYs;s kpfg; Gdpjkhd ,lq;fspy; xd;whFk;. gu;khtpd; Gj;j kj ikakhf tpsq;FfpwJ jpahfpfs; fy;yiu khlj;Jf;Fr; nrd;w ,e;jpag; gpujku; jdJ kupahijiar; nrYj;jpdhu;. kw;Wk; fypghup Nfhtpypy; xU G+iriaAk; nra;jhu;. NkYk; mtu; Nghf;Nahf; Mq; rhd; mUq;fhl;rpafj;Jf;F muR MNyhrfu; R+ fP mtu;fs; cld;tu tUif Gupe;jhu;. me;j mUq;fhl;rpafk; mtuJ je;ij ,uhZt jiyik mjpfhu; Mq; rhd; mtu;fspd; epidTr; rpd;dkhf mu;g;gzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ mjpy; mtupd; tho;f;ifr; rk;gtq;fs; tptupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ mj;Jld; mtuJ jdpg;gl;l nghUl;fs; rpyTk; ,lk; ngw;wpUf;fpwJ. murhq;f tUifia Kbj;Jf;nfhz;l gpujku; Nkhb ,e;jpahTf;F Gwg;gLk; Kd; Neu;kiwahd fUj;ij ntspapLk; tifapy; l;tPl; nra;jhu;.” vd;Dila kpad;khu; tUif ,e;jpa kpad;khu; cwTfs; kw;Wk; ,Ujug;G $l;Lwit tYg;gLj;Jjy; Mfpa kpf mj;jpahtrpahkhf Njitg;gLk; gFjpfspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f msT ftdk; nrYj;jg;gl;L Kd;Ndw;wk; fhzg;gl;lJ.”

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 21 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;lhz;ik

xU Gjpa iky;fy;iy

ehl;Ljy; ,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; ,];Nuy; gazkhdJ> ,U ehLfSf;fpilNaahd ,Ujug;G cwTfis tsHg;gjpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;ej ; jhFk;

,e;j tUlk; [{iy 4-6,y; ghujg; gpujkH eNue;jpu Nkhb ,];NuYf;F gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhH> ,J tuyhw;W rpwg;Gkpf;fJ> ,jw;F gy fhuzq;fs; cz;L. ,tw;wpy; Kf;fpakhdJ> gjtpapypUf;Fk; ,e;jpag; gpukH xUtH a+j Njrj;jpw;F gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lJ ,JNt Kjy; Kiw vd;gJjhd;. ,];Nuy; kw;Wk; ghy];jPdh cldhd ,e;jpa cwTfis Nkk;gLj;j ,J xU Kf;fpag; gbahFk;. NkYk;> 2000

,e;jpa juprdk; | 22 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

tUlq;fSf;F Kd;G ,e;jpahtpy; jQ;rk; Nfl;L xU rpW $l;l a+jHfs; te;jij epidT$Wk; tpjj;jpYk; ,J mike;jJ. 2006,y; jhd; Nkhb Kjd;Kjyhf ,];Nuy; nrd;wpUe;jhH> mg;NghJ mtH F[uhj;jpd; Kjy;tuhf ,Ue;jhH. ePH Nkyhd;ikapYk; tptrhaj;jpYk; ,];Nuy; ngw;Wte;j ntw;wpfisf; fz;L tpae;jtuhfj; jpUk;gpte;jhH. 2014> nrg;lk;gH khjj;jpy; I.eh nghJr;rig $l;lj;jpy;

,lJ: i`/ghtpy; ,e;jpa tPuHfSf;F tPutzf;fk; nrYj;Jtjw;fhf ,e;jpag; gpujkH eNue;jpu NkhbAk;> ,];Nuypa gpujkH ngQ;rkpd; nejd;ahFTk; i`/ ghTf;Fg; Gwg;gl;Lr; nrd;whHfs; Kfg;G gf;fk;: nly; mtPtpy; eilngw;w r%f tuNtw;uG jpl;lj;jpy; gpujkH NkhbAk;> gpujkH nejd;ahFTk;

fye;Jnfhs;sr; nrd;wpUe;jNghJ> ,];Nuypa gpujkuhd ngQ;rkpd; nelhd;ahFitr; re;jpj;jhH> mg;NghJ ,];NuYf;F tUk;gb ,];Nuypa gpujkH miog;GtpLj;jhH. me;j Kf;fpa jUzk;gw;wp> ',e;jpahTldhd cwTfs; Nkd;NkYk; tsUtjw;fhd gpufhrkhd tha;g;Gfs; cUthfpAs;sJ kfpo;r;rpaspf;fpwJ. mjw;F thdNk vy;iyahFk;. ,e;jpahTk; ,];NuYk; cwit tphpTg;gLj;j ,JNt rpwe;j jUzkhFk"; vd;W nelhd;ahF nrhd;dhH. ,e;jpahTf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j gFjpahf tisFlh cs;sJ. vhpnghUs; Mw;wYf;F Kjd;ik Mjhukhf ,J cs;sJ> ek; ehl;Lf;F Njitahd vz;nza; kw;Wk; thA

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2017

| 23 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

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,e;jpa juprdk; | 24 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

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R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 25 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

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,e;jpa juprdk; | 26 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

rthy;fis vjpHnfhs;tjw;F tsHe;JtUk; ehLfs; cl;gl gpw ehLfSld; NrHe;J ehq;fs; nray;gLNthk;." 2017> [{iy 7>8k; Njjpfspy; N`k;gHf;fpy; $bd [p20 jiytHfs;> tYthd> epiyahd> rPuhd> $l;bay;ghd tsHr;rpjhd; jq;fSila Kjd;ikahd> xd;Wgl;l Nehf;fnkd;W typAWj;jpdhHfs;. ,e;j tUlj;jpy; ~xd;wpize;j XH cyif tbtikj;jy|; vd;fpw jiyg;gpty; ,uz;L ehs; cr;rpkhehL eilngw;wJ. gUtepiy khw;wk;> b[pl;ly; tsHr;rp> cyfpd; nropg;Gf;Fk; eyDf;Fk; cWJizahapUj;jy;

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2017

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

$l;lhz;ik

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,e;jpahtpd; cWjpg;ghl;il typAWj;jpdhH. me;j xg;ge;jkhdJ gUtepiy khw;wk; kPjhd If;fpa ehLfspd; fl;likg;G xg;ge;jj;jpd;gb Nghlg;gl;ljhFk;> thA ckpo;T Fiwg;G gw;wpAk; mjpy; nrhy;yg;gl;Ls;sJ. gUtepiy khw;wj;ij vjpHnfhs;s cyf ehLfs; KOtJk; me;j xg;ge;jj;jpw;F xj;Jg;NghtJ mtrpankdf; $wpdhH. Rw;Wr;#oiyg; ghJfhf;f ghhP]; xg;ge;jj;jpw;F xj;Jg;NghtJ ,d;W 'fl;lhakhfpAs;sjhf" mtH $wpdhH. gphpf;]; kjpg;gPl;L epWtdk; xd;iw epWTtjw;F tpiuthd eltbf;if vLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkd;Wk;> Mg;hpf;fhtpd; tsHr;rpf;F Kd;Dhpik mspg;gjpy; xj;Jiog;G mtrpankd;Wk; mtH $wpdhH. 20 jiytHfspy; 19 NgH $l;lwpf;ifapd; midj;J tp\aq;fspYk; xUkpj;j fUj;Jf;F te;jhHfs;> Mdhy; nlhdhy;L buk;g; kl;Lk; rk;kjpf;ftpy;iy. gUtepiy khw;wk; Fwpj;j fUj;Jf;F mtH cld;gltpy;iy. kuGf;F khwhf> ghhp]; xg;ge;jk; kwWk; Gijgbt vhpnghUl;fs; rk;ge;jkhf mnkhpf;fhtpd; epiy gw;wpAk;> xU jdp gj;jp NrHf;fg;gl;lJ. me;j xg;ge;jj;jpypUe;J tpyFtjhf ,e;j tUlj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpy; mjpgH buk;g; XH mwpf;if ntspapl;lhH.

khehl;by; tpthjpf;fg;gl;lit • , j;jpiug;glk; mjd; Kd;Ndhb Nghy rl;l mikg;ig ifapnyLj;J xLf;fg;gl;lth;fspd; chpikfs; cl;gl mjDila tphpthd fijf; fsj;Jld; gy gpur;ridfis vOg;gpAs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf ebif `{kh FNu\p ebj;j G\;gh kp];uh vd;w ngz; fjhghj;jpuq;fis ifahz;l tpjk; Fwpj;J ,J gutyhd tpkh;rd hpjpahd ghuhl;il ngw;Ws;sJ. • gaq;futhjj;ij Mjupf;Fk; ehLfSf;F vjpuhf cWjpahd eltbf;if • re;Njfpf;fg;gLk; gaq;futhjpfspd; gl;baiy [p20 ehLfs; gfpuNtz;Lk;. • gaq;futhjpfSf;F vjpuhd rl;l eltbf;iffs; tpiuTg;gLj;jg;glNtz;Lk;. • rHtNjr aq;futhjk; kPjhd tphpthd eltbf;ifia Vw;Wf;nfhs;tJ • If;fpa ehLfs; ghJfhg;G fTd;rpypd; jPHkhdq;fisAk; gpw rHtNjr jPHkhdq;fisAk; nray;gLj;JtJ • jt P puthjj;ijf; Fiwf;Fk; jpl;lq;fspy; [p20 ehLfs; ftdk; nrYj;JtJ • gaq;futhjj;jpw;F epjpaspg;gijj; jLg;gjw;F epjp eltbf;if gzpg; gilfs; • gaq;futhjpfSf;F MAjq;fs; toq;fg;gLtijj; jLg;gjw;fhd gzpg;gilfs; • ,iza ghJfhg;ig cWjpnra;jy;> gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; xj;Jioj;jy; • gaq;futhjj;ij vjpHnfhs;s Njrpa ghJfhg;G MNyhrfHfis epakpj;jy;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 28 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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2017

| 29 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

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2017

eNue;jpu Nkhb MfpNahH fye;Jnfhz;lhHfs;. $bte;jpUe;j jiytHfs; gaq;futhjk;> rHtNjr tzpfk;> $l;LwTg cl;gl rHtNj Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j gy;NtW tp\ aq;fisf; fye;jhNyhrpj;jhHfs;.

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gphpf;]; cr;rp khehl;bd; KOmkHT mjpfsT xj;Jiog;G gphpf;]; cr;rp khehl;bd; KOmkHT Ntisapy; Ngrpa gpujkH Nkhb> Ntisapy; Ngrpa gpujkH Nkhb> tptrhak;> rf;jp> Rw;Wr;#oy;> gUtepiy khw;wk;> tptrhak;> gUt epiy khw;wk; tpisahl;L> fyhr;rhuk; Nghd;w tp\ Nghd;wtw;wpy; KO xj;Jiog;G aq;fspYk; mjpf xj;Jiog;G Njitnad typAWj;jpdhH. NkYk;> tWikia Njitnad typAWj;jpdhH Gjpa jPHTfSf;F xj;Jiog;gJ gw;wpa nray;jpl;lk; (2017-2020)> gphpf;]; Rq;fKiw xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd tiuaWf;fg;gl;l Kiw MfpaitAk;> gphpf;]; tHj;jf fTd;rpy; kw;Wk; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd Gjpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fp ,ilNaahd Ghpe;JzHT cld;ghLk; cs;slq;Fk;.

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\hkd;; gpuflzk; cr;rpkhehl;by; fye;Jnfhz;l ehLfspd; jiytHfs; midtUNk ghfp];jhdpy; ,Ue;J ,aq;Ffpw yf;\f;-,-ijgh> n[ua;\;-,-Kfk;kj;> `f;fhdp FOf;fs; Nghd;w gaq;futhj gphptpdiu Rl;bf;fhl;bAk;> fz;bj;Jk; XH mwptpg;ig ntspapl;lhHfs;. fle;j gj;J Mz;Lfspy;> tsHe;JtUk; ehLfSf;fpilNa xj;Jiog;ig mjpfhpf;fpw xU Kf;fpa jskhf gphpf;]; cUthfpAs;sJ. ,e;j tUl cr;rp khehL ed;ikgaf;Fk; tpjj;jpy;; ele;JKbe;jJ> rpwe;jnjhU vjpHfhyj;jpw;fhd ek;gpf;if tpijf;fg;gl;bUg;gNj mjpy; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 31 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

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,e;jpa juprdk; | 32 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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2017

| 33 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

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,e;jpa juprdk; | 34 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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ehk; ,Uf;fpNwhk;. ,jdhy; ,d;Dk; mjpf J}uj;ij vl;bg;gpbj;J> mirf;fKbahj epiyia milayhk;. fly; mZ njhopy;El;gkhdJ xU Gjpa fskhFk;> me;jf; fsj;jpy; gazpf;f fg;gw;gilahdJ vj;jdpf;Fk;NghJ> ,e;jj; njhopy;El;gj;jpd; gy rthy;fis mJ rkhspf;f Ntz;bapUf;Fk;. ek;Kila Njrj;jpd; fly;rhH eyd;fs; gyjug;gl;lit> rpf;fyhdit MFk;> ,tw;iwg; ghJfhg;gJ ,e;jpa fg;gw;gilapd; kpfg;ngupa gzpahFk;. ePH%o;fp gilg;gpupthdJ rfy ,d;dy;fisAk; jhz;b> Njrg; ghJfhg;gpy; fg;gw;gilf;Fs;s xl;Lnkhj;j flikfisAk; gzpfisAk; epr;rak; epiwNtw;Wk; vd;gjpy; vs;ssTk; re;Njfkpy;iy. ehl;Lf;Fr; nra;JtUk; 50

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2017

| 35 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

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,e;jpa juprdk; | 36 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

71tJ ,e;jpa Rje;jpu jpdj;ij epidT$Uk; xU kzy; rpw;gk;

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2017

| 37 |

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ghuk;ghpak;

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gp.vr;.I.vk; - Mjhh; jdJ Rje;jpu jpd ciuapd; NghJ gpujk ke;jphp eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fs;> 'gz ghpth;j;jidfSf;F gp.vr;.I.vk; Mg;i] gad;gLj;jp mij ekJ nghUshjhu nray;ghLfspd; xU mq;fkhf;Fq;fs;" vd kf;fsplk; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhh;. gp.vr;.I.vk; - Mjhh; jsk; vd;gJ xU gNahnkl;hpf; rhh;e;j gzk; nrYj;Jk; KiwahFk;.

Mz ;by ;> nts ;isaNd nts pNaW vd ;W Koq ;fpa NghJ> xU epahakhd mh ;j ;jk ; ,Ue ;jJ. mJ fz ;z pakw ;wJ vd kfhj ;kh fhe ;jp fUjpajdhy ; 'nts pNaW" vd ;gJ xU gh pe ;Jiuahf ,Ue ;jNj jt pu mtuhy ; Mjh pf ;fg ;glt py ;iy. jdJ 'kdrhl;r p fhg ;ghsh ;" (mtiu mt ;thW mioj ;jhh ); Md r p. uh[Nfhghyhr ;rhh p mth ;fs ;> 'g pd ;thq ;F" my ;yJ 'jpUk ;g pg ; Ngh" vd ;w ,uz ;by ; xd ;iw Njh ;e n ; jLf ;f Ntz ;Lnkd gh pe ;Jiuj ;jh-. Rje ;jpu Nghuhl;lj ;jpd ; NghJ vl;L Kiw r piwf ;Fr ; nrd ;w rKjhathjpAk ; kw ;Wk ; njhopw ;rq ;fthjpAkhd A +Rg ; nkn`h ;yp> 'nts ;isaNd nts pNaW" vd ;gij gh pe ;Jiuj ;jhh ;> mJNt e Pbj ;jJ! nts ;isaNd nts pNaW ,af ;fk ; jt pu> 2017 Mk ; tUlkhdJ Rgh\ ; re ;jpu Ngh] ; epWt pa Mrhj ; ` pe ;j ; / gh[ ; (,e ;jpa Njr pa uhZtk ; vdTk ; miof ;fg ;gLfpwJ) cUthf ;fg ;gl;l 75 tJ tUlj ;ij Fw pg ;g pLfpwJ. ,uz ;L rk ;gtq ;fs pYk ;> ,e ;jpa Fbkf ;fis Nrhjpg ;gjw ;fhd ,uz ;L epfo ;Tfs ; njhlh ;ghd tifg ;gLj ;jg ;glhj

eNkh Mg;]; 2015 [{d; khjj;jpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l eNue;jpu Nkhb nkhigy; Mg;]hdJ gpujk ke;jphpf;Fk; ,e;jpa Fbkf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; Neub ciuahlYf;F cjTk; xU jskhFk;. mthplkpUe;J nra;jpfisAk; ,nkapy;fisAk; gadh;fs; Neubahf ngw cjTfpwJ kw;Wk; gpw fhhpaq;fSf;F kj;jpapy; gy;NtW khd; fp ghj; gjpg;Gfis toq;FfpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 38 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

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tyJ: ,e;jpa FbauRj; jiythpd; tPlhd uh\;bugjp gtd; MdJ Rje;jpu jpd epfo;r;rpf;fhf gpufhrkhf xspA+l;lg;gl;bUe;jJ fPNo: ,e;jpa gpujk ke;jphp eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fs; nrq;Nfhl;ilapy; ,Ue;J ehl;Lf;F ciuahw;Wfpwhh;

Mtzq ;fs ; Fw pj ;j xU fz ;fhl;r pf ;F ,e ;jpa mur pd ; fyhr ;rhu mikr ;rfk ; Vw ;ghL nra ;jJ. ,e ;j fz ;fhl;r pf ;F ~fuhQ N; r ah khuQ N; r 75 rNyh by ;yp| vd ngah plg ;gl;lJ> ,J GJ jpy ;ypa pYs ;s Njr pa Mtzf ;fhg ;gf tshfj ;jpy ; eilngw ;wJ. 1942 Mf] ;l; 8 md ;W kfhj ;kh fhe ;jp vOjpa fbjkhdJ ghh ;itf ;F itf ;fg ;gl;bUe ;j mh pa Mtzq ;fs py ; xd ;whFk ;> ,jpy ; kfhj ;kh fuhQ N; r ah khuQ N; r (nra ; my ;yJ nrj ;Jkb) vd ;w Nfh\j ;ij gad ;gLj ;jpa pUf ;fpwhh ;. ,e ;jpa Fbkf ;fs ; ehl;bd ; eyDf ;fhf xw ;Wikahf nray ;gl Ntz ;Lnkd g pujkh ; Nfl;Lf ; nfhz ;lhh ;. NkYk ; mth ;: '1942 Kjy ; 1947 tiu ehL KOtJk ; Fbkf ;fs pd ; $l;Lj ; j Ph ;khdj ;ij ghh ;f ;f Kbe ;jJ> ,Jjhd ; nts ;isah ;fis Ie ;J tUlq ;fSf ;Fs ;shf ,e ;jpahit t pl;L nts pNaw itj ;jJ. ekJ 75 tJ Rje ;jpu jpdj ;jpw ;F ,d ;Dk ;

Ie ;J tUlq ;fs ; ekf ;F Kd ;ghf cs ;sd. ekJ khngUk ; Njrgf ;jh ;fis epidt py ; nfhz ;L fbdkhf ciog ;gjw ;F ekJ xd ;Wgl;l j Ph ;khdk ;> typik kw ;Wk ; j Ph ;f ;fkhd KbTfshdJ 2022 Mk ; Mz ;bw ;Fs ; mth ;fs pd ; fdT ,e ;jpahit cUthf ;f cjTk ;." mth ; ehl;bd ; ,isQh ;fSf ;F miog G; t pLj ;jhh ;> ,e ;j E}w ;whz ;by ; g pwe ;jth ;fs ; 18 taJf ;Fj ; jpUk ;g Ntz ;Lk ; vd ;whh ;. ',e ;j kf ;fSf ;F ,Jjhd ; mth ;fSila tho ;f ;ifa pd ; j Ph ;f ;fkhd tUlkhFk ;. mth ;fs ;jhd ; 21 Mk ; E}w ;whz ;by ; ekJ Njrj ;jpd ; t pjpia gilg ;gth ;fshf ,Uf ;fg ; Nghfpd ;wdh ;. ,e ;j ,isQh ;fs ; midtiuAk ; ehd ; cskhw tuNtw ;fpNwd ;> kjpf ;fpNwd ; kw ;Wk ; vdJ kh pahijia mth ;fSf ;F nrYj ;JfpNwd ;. ekJ ehl;bd ; t pjpia tbtikg ;gjw ;F cq ;fSf ;F tha ;g G; cs ;sJ" vd mth ; $w pdhh ;.

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;ghpak;

Rje;jpu tPLfs; Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhf Nghuhbath;fSf;F mh;g;gzpf;fg;gl;l gy mUq;fhl;rpafq;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; cs;sd. ePq;fs; ghh;itapl Ntz;ba rpytw;iw ehq;fs; gl;baypLfpNwhk; ciu |

epNjrh ghz;lh

xU ehl;bd; fyhr;rhuk;> murpay; kw;Wk; tuyhw;W ghuk;ghpaj;jpd; fsQ;rpakhd mUq;fhl;rpafkhdJ xU mDgtkhFk;. xU ehl;bd; Rje;jpu epfo;it epidT$Uk; NghJ> mJ xU rpwg;G mjph;itg; ngWfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpy; Mapuf;fzf;fhd mUq;fhl;rpafq;fs; cs;sd> mit Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lj;jpd; epidTfs;> gjpTfs; kw;Wk; fiyg;nghUl;fis njhlh;e;J ghJfhj;J tUfpd;wd. mitfspy; rpytw;iw ghh;j;J mtw;wpd; xt;nthU fhl;rpf;Fk; cap&l;Lk; fijfis Nfl;Nghk;.

fhe;jp epidT mUq;fhl;rpafk;> mfkjhghj;> F[uhj; kfhj ;kh fhe ;jp mfkjhghj ;jpy ; jq ;fpa pUe ;j

HIGHLIGHTS

Built in

Number of exhibits

fhyj ;jpy ; gad ;gLj ;jpa jd pg ;gl;l nghUl;fis fhl;r pg ;gLj ;Jtjd ; %yk ; fhe ;jp epidT mUq ;fhl;r pafk ; kw ;Wk ; rgh ;kjp Mr pukk ; MdJ mth ; vt ;thW tho ;e ;jhh ; vd ;gJ Fw pj ;j xU fz N; zhl;lj ;ij ghh ;itahsh ;fSf ;F toq ;FfpwJ. 1963 Mk ; Mz ;by ; rhh ;y] ; Nfhh pah fl;ba Gjpa mUq ;fhl;r pafj ;jpy ; fhe ;jp vOjpa 34>177 fbjq ;fs ;> fhe ;jpa pd ; ifnaOj ;Jg ; g pujpfs py ; 8>718 gf ;fq ;fs ;> 6>000 Gifg ;glq ;fs ;> 334 g pypk ;fs ;> 509 MbNah Nfrl;fs ;> 121 nuf ;fhh ;Lfs ;> 63 t PbNah Nfrl;fs ;> 155 t pUJfs ; kw ;Wk ; gy cs ;sd.

Must-see

1963 40,000 34,177

,e;jpa juprdk; | 40 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

letters written by Mahatma Gandhi

6,000 Photographs

NkYk; mUq;fhl;rpafq;fs;

rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gl;Nly; Njrpa epidtfk;> mfkjhghj;> F[uhj; \h`pghf; muz;kidapy; mike;Js;s ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafk; rh;jhh; ty;ygha; gl;Nlypd; jdpg;gl;l midj;J cilikfisAk; fhl;rpg;gLj;JfpwJ.

N[hjprhq;f; tpfh]; ahj;uh mUq;fhl;rpafk;> mfkjhghj;> F[uhj;

HIGHLIGHTS

Built in

1998

Inaugurated by Sheila Dixit in

Mrhj; `pe;j; fpuhk;> jpy;yp-vd;.rp.Mh; jpy;yp - `hpahdh vy;iyf;F mUfpYs;s jpf;hp fhyd;> Nuh`;jf; rhiyapYs;s Mrhj; `pe;j; fpuhk; ^hp];l; fhk;g;sf;]; vd;gJ Nejh[p Rgh\; re;jpu Nghi] nfsutpf;f jpy;yp Rw;Wyhj; Jiw cUthf;fpa xU jpl;lkhFk;. ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtj;jpd; tho;f;ifia ntspg;gLj;Jk; gy Ngdy;fs; mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpy; cs;sd.

2000

Located

2 KM

from the DelhiHaryana border

,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtj;jpy; gzpahw;wpa tPuh;fspd; gjf;fq;fs; kw;Wk; Ngl;[;fs;> ,e;jpa Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lk; njhlh;ghd nra;jpj;jhs; JZf;Ffs; kw;Wk; epfo;Tfspd; Gifg;glq;fis ,e;j fhl;rpfspy; fhzyhk;. ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafj;ijr; Rw;wpAs;s tphpthd nkhirf; NfhGuq;fs; kw;WnkhU rpwg;gk;rkhFk;> NkYk; ,J xU muq;F kw;Wk; czTf; $lhuq;fs; Nghd;w trjpfSld; mike;Js;sJ. R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 41 |

1934 Mk; Mz;by; N[hjprhq;f; Muk;gpf;fg;gLk; tiu ,e;jpahtpd; Rje;jpu ,af;fj;jpd; Muk;g fhyq;fspypy; ,Ue;j ngz;fspd; tpLjiyg; gazj;ij ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafk; fhl;rpg;gLj;jpaJ.

Njrpa fhe;jp mUq;fhl;rpafk;> GJ jpy;yp ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafk; kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; tho;f;ifg; gazj;ij ghh;itahsh;fSf;F toq;FfpwJ. ,e;j fhl;rpg;gLj;Jjy;fspy; ,e;jp nkhopapy; fhe;jpapd; gjpT nra;j ciuahly;fis gpNs nra;Ak; MW ifj; njhiyNgrpfSk; cs;sd.

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

ghuk;ghpak; NkYk; mUq;fhl;rpafq;fs;

NeU epidT mUq;fhl;rpafk; kw;Wk; E}yfk;> GJ jpy;yp

tpf;Nlhhpah nkNkhhpay; `hy;> nfhy;fj;jh tpf;Nlhhpah nkNkhhpay; `hy; MdJ gphpl;ldpd; fl;blf;fiy czh;Tfis gpujpgypf;fpwJ> NkYk; ,J kiwe;j uhzpahh; tpf;Nlhhpahtpd; epidthf gphpl;b\; ,e;jpa gpujpepjp yhh;l; fh;]d; mth;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;ljhFk;. ehl;bd; tuyhw;wpy; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpj;j kdpjh;fspd; glq;fs; kw;Wk;

rpiyfis kf;fs; ghh;f;ff;$ba xU jskhf ,J fhzg;gLfpwJ. 1921 Mk; Mz;L nghJkf;fspd; ghh;itf;F Kiwahf jpwe;J itf;fg;gl;l xU njspthd nts;is mikg;ghdJ fhydpj;Jt fhyj;ijr; Nrh;e;j Xtpaq;fisAk;> ehl;il Mtzg;gLj;j nts;isf;fhuh;fs; vLj;j ,e;jpahtpd; mhpa Gifg;glq;fs; kw;Wk; gytw;iw fhl;rpg;gLj;JfpwJ.

[t`h;yhy; NeUtpd; tho;f;if kw;Wk; gilg;ig fhl;rp Clfq;fs; %ykhf ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafk; rpj;jhpj;J fhz;gpf;fpwJ. mtUila kuzj;jpd; NghJ ,Ue;j miwfspy; rpyit ghJfhf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

Nejh[p Muha;r;rp ika mUq;fhl;rpafk;> nfhy;fj;jh 1961 ,y; epWtg;gl;l ,J Rgh\; re;jpu Ngh]; mth;fisg; gw;wpa xU tho;f;if tuyhw;W mUq;fhl;rpafkhFk;. gh;dpr;rh;fs;> cilfs;> mth; tho;e;j miw> fbjq;fs; kw;Wk; gytw;wpd; Nrfhpg;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

];thjd;j;ujh rq;fpuk; rq;f;uhyah> jpy;yp epidTr;rpd;dkhd nrq;Nfhl;ilf;Fs; mike;Js;s ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafk; Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhd ,e;jpa Nghuhl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa fl;lq;fs; Fwpj;jj xU fz;Nzhl;lj;ij toq;FfpwJ.

HIGHLIGHTS

,e;jpa juprdk; | 42 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

Founded in

1906

Number of artefacts

28,394

Must-see

beautiful gardens it is surrounded by

kzp gtd;> Kk;ig ,e;j mUq;fhl;rpafkhdJ kfhj;kh fhe;jp kzp gtd; khspifapy; jq;fpapUe;jij gjpT nra;fpwJ kw;Wk; mtuJ nrhe;j cilikfspy; gy ,q;F fhzg;gLfpd;wd. 1917 Kjy; 1934 tiu fhe;jp[papd; nray;ghl;bd; Kf;fpa ikakhf ,J ,Ue;jJ.

xj;Jioahik ,af;fk;> RNjrp ,af;fk;> fhjp kw;Wk; fpyhghj; ,af;fq;fs; cl;gl mtuJ kpf Kf;fpakhd ,af;fq;fspy; gytw;iwAk; mth; ,q;fpUe;Nj Muk;gpj;jhh;. mth; kzp gtdpy; jq;fpapUe;j NghJ> 1917 Mk; Mz;L rh;f;fhTld; fhe;jpa rq;fk; Jtq;fpaJ.

HIGHLIGHTS Founded in

1955 Centre of Gandhi’s activity for

years

Trivia

1917

Gandhi’s association with charkha began here

Njrpa Mtzf;fhg;gf mUq;fhl;rpafk;> GJ jpy;yp HIGHLIGHTS Built in

1926 Transfer of records

1937 Must-see

7,500 microfilm rolls

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

Njrpa Mtzf; fhg;gf mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpy; cs;s gjpTfshdJ 40 fp.kP njhiytpw;F mykhhpfspy; mLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> NkYk; ,J 1748 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; tof;fkhd thpirapy; xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,it Mq;fpyk;> muG> ,e;jp> rk];fpUjk; kw;Wk; cUJ Nghd;w gy gpw nkhopfspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. gid Xiy> gpuk;G gl;il kw;Wk; gpw nghUl;fspYk; gjpTfs; cs;sd> mit Kf;fpakhf ehd;F tiffshf gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd: nghJ gjpTfs;> fpof;fj;jpa gjpTfs;> ifnaOj;Jg; gpujpfs; kw;Wk; jdpg;gl;l Mtzq;fs;.

| 43 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

GJik

xU #hpa

Mw;wy; ghijapy; ,e;jpa ,uapy;Ntapd; Kjy; #hpa rf;jp ,izf;fg;gl;l Bry; kpd;rhu uapyhdJ gRik Mw;wiy Nehf;fp khWtjw;fhd mjd; Kaw;rpapd; milahskhFk; ciu |

fTut; ehf;ghy;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 44 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

19 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; Kw;gFjpapy; Jtq;fpa uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;jhdJ ,e;jpahtpy; xU Gfo;ngw;w kw;Wk; ePz;l fhy tuyhw;iwf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. 1837 Mk; Mz;bd; ePuhtp ,ae;jpu nul; `py; nuapy;Nt ehl;bd; Kjy; uapy; MFk;. ,d;W> ,e;jpa ,uapy;Nt ehl;bd; Mw;wy; jpwd; kw;Wk; Rw;Wr;#oy; el;G eilKiwfis Nkk;gLj;Jk; ,e;jpa murpd; ngUk; Kaw;rpapd; xU Fwpg;gplj;jf;f gq;Nfw;ghsuhf khwpAs;sJ. ,J rkPgj;jpy; #hpa rf;jpia Nehf;fpa xU efh;T vd;w xU Fwpg;gplj;jf;f iky;fy;iy vLj;J itj;Js;sJ! Kjy; #hpa rf;jpahy; ,af;fg;gLk; Bry; kpd;rhu gy myF (DEMU) uapy; MdJ khw;W vhpnghUSf;fhd ,e;jpa ,uapy;Nt epWtdj;jhy; (IROAF) jpy;ypapy; rg;jh;[q; ,uapy; epiyaj;jpypUe;J Jtq;fg;gl;lJ. RNu\; gpuG> uapy;Nt Kd;dhs> tpohtpy; $wpajhtJ: “,uapy;NtahdJ kuG rhuh Mw;wy; Mjhuj;ij gad;gLj;Jtij mjpfhpf;f Kaw;rp nra;J tUfpwJ.” ,uz;L

cz;ik Nfhg;G ,e;j uapy; jpy;yp rhuha; Nuh`py;yh epiyaj;jpypUe;J `hpahdhtpYs;s /g&f; efh; fhh;`p `h;rhU re;jpg;G tiu ,af;fg;gLk; Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah nray;jpl;lj;jpy; cw;gj;jp nra;g;gl;l xt;nthd;Wk; 300 thl; gPf;if (Wp) cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; nkhj;jk; 16 Nrhyhh; Ngdy;fs; ,e;j uapypy; nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;sd #hpa Mw;wy; ,y;yhky; 72 kzp Neuk; tiu ,aq;f mDkjpf;Fk; Ngl;lhp thapyhd cs; fl;likff;fg;gl;l gth; Ngf;mg; rp];lKk; ,e;j ,uapypy; cs;sJ xU ngl;bapy; 89 gazpfs; gazpf;fyhk; xt;nthU ngl;bapYk; nkj;ij ,Uf;iffs;> rhkhd; itf;Fk; mykhhpfs; kw;Wk; fhl;rpg; gyif ,Uf;Fk; ,e;j uapy; xU tUlj;jpw;F xU ngl;bf;F xd;gJ ld;fSf;F rkkhd fhh;gd; il Mf;irL ckpo;itf; Fiwf;Fk; vd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ uapypd; nkhj;j nryT &gha; 13.54 Nfhb MFk;> xt;nthU ngl;bAk; jyh 1 Nfhb &ghahFk;> ,uz;L Nkhl;lhh; ngl;bfs; xt;nthd;Wk; jyh &gha; 2.5 Nfhb MFk;

Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: Gjpa uapy; midj;Jk; jiyefhpypUe;J ,aq;Fk; NkNy: Kjy; Nrhyhh; Ngdy; b.vk;.,.A uapy; fpsk;GfpwJ NkNy: RNu\; gpuG> uapy;Nt Kd;dhs; kj;jpa ke;jpup uapy; gazj;ij njhlq;fp itj;jhu;

Nkhl;lhh; ngl;bfs; kw;Wk; vl;L gazpfs; ngl;bfSld; Nrh;j;J 10- nuapy; ngl;bfs; mjd; KO nfhs;ssthd 500 f;Fk; mjpfkhd gazpfSld; jpy;ypapypUe;J `hpahdhTf;F xd;wiu kzp Neuj;jpy; nrd;wilAk;. MW gazpfs; ngl;bfspYk; Nkf; ,d; ,e;jpah nray;jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l 16 Nrhyhh; Ngdy;fs; nghUj;jg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd; kPjKs;s ,uz;Lk; Bry; %yk; ,af;fg;gLfpwJ. Nrhyhh; Ngdy;fs; Rkhh; 25 tUl MAl;fhyj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd> NkYk; mit tof;fkhf fz;fhzpf;fg;gLk;. NghJkhd #hpa rf;jp ,y;yhj NghJ> 72 kzpNeuk; tiu uapiy ,af;fg; NghJkhd Ngl;lhpapy; ,aq;Fk; Ngf;mg; mikg;G uapypy; cs;sJ. ,J GJg;gpf;fj;jf;f Mw;wy; Fwpj;J ,uapy;Ntapd; xU Kf;fpakhd gbahFk;> NkYk; ,jpy; Vuhskhd ed;ikfs; cs;sd

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

- xU ngl;bf;F tUlj;jpw;F 2 yl;rk; &gha; tUlhe;jpu Bry; Nrkpg;Gk;> nkhj;j tUlhe;ju Nrkpg;G &. 672 Nfhb MfTk; ,Uf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. mLj;j Ie;J Mz;Lfspy; uapy;Nt 1>000 nkfhthl; #hpa Mw;wiy cUthf;Fk; vd;W 2016 uapy;Nt gl;n[l;by; mwptpj;jJld; ,J nghUe;Jk;. ,uapy;Nt epWtdkhdJ jq;fSila nray;ghLfSf;fhf #hpa rf;jpia gad;gLj;Jk; tpUg;gj;ij Muha;e;J tUtjdhy;> ,e;j uapypd; ntw;wpahdJ ,e;jpa uapy;Ntia ,JNghd;w NkYk; gy Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F Cf;fg;gLj;Jk; vd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. Kd;djhf> 2016 Mk; Mz;by; ,e;jpa ,uapy;NtahdJ tlf;F uapy;Ntapd; Nuthhp-Nuh`;jf; gphptpy; ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; rp.vd;.[p.(CNG) b.,.vk;.A (DEMU) uapiy mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. | 45 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

gazk;

Ah my heart dances like a peacock, the rain patters on the new leaves of summer, the tremor of the cricketsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; chirp troubles the shade of the tree, the river overflows its bank washing the village meadows. My heart dances. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Rabindranath Tagore

,e;jpa juprdk; | 46 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

rpwe;j ,e;jpa

gUtkio;

gUtkio fhyq;fis tuNtw;W gy;tNW gz;biffs; ,e;jpahtpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wd> ed;wp njhptpf;Fk; tifapy; ,ir> Mly; kw;Wk; ghuk;ghpa rlq;FfNshL nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. vd; | ee;jpdp b jphpghjp

gUt kiofs; kyHr;rpiaAk; nropg;igAk; nfhz;LtUfpd;wd> vdNt mJ xU jpUtpoh fhykhf kf;fs; kdjpy; ,lk;gpbj;Js;sJ. tlf;Nf ,khr;ry gpuNjrj;jpypUe;J njw;Nf Nfush tiuapYk;> fpof;Nf nkfhyahtpypUe;J Nkw;Nf kfuh\;buh tiuapYk; ehl;bd; xt;nthU gFjpapYk; jq;fSf;Nf cupa ghzpapy; mij

tuNtw;fpwhHfs;. gUt fhyj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpYk; KbtpYk; Mly;> ghly; vd re;Njh\khf gpukhz;l jpUtpohthff; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. ,e;jpahtpy; gUtfhyj;ij tuNtw;W kpfTk; cw;rhfkhff; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; vl;L gz;biffs; gw;wpg; ghHg;Nghk;. kio Nkfq;fs; NghyNt> me;jg; gz;biffisf; fz;Lfspf;fTk; Gwg;gLq;fs;.

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gazk;

Nfhthtpy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L khHNfhthtpypUe;J Kk;ig nry;Yk; nfhq;fd; ,uapy;Nt tpiuT nuapypy; gazk; nra;ayhk;> Nfhthtpd; gpukpg;g+l;Lk; epyg;gFjpfspd; CNl me;j nuapy; ghij mike;Js;sJ. mjpf jfty;fSf;F> ghHf;fTk;: goatourism.gov.in/by-rail

rhNth> N[hth Nfhthtpy; cs;s rhNth N[hthtpw;F Kjy; gazk; nry;yyhk;. mq;Fjhd; Kjy; gUtkio fhyk; Muk;gkhfpwJ. [_d; khj ,Wjpapy; ,e;jg; gz;bif nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ> rpyH flTis epidj;Jk;; rpyH ngaUf;fhfTk; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. gupRj;j Nahthd; ];ehdd; gz;bifia kdjpy;nfhz;L Ml;lj;NjhLk; ghl;lj;NjhLk; tpUe;Jz;Lk; vy;yh gFjpfspYk; fpzWfs;> ePNuhilfs;> Fsq;fs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; Fjpj;Jk; ,ijf; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 48 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

rj;jP];fupy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L gh];lH ikdh ruzhyaj;jpw;Fr; nrd;why;> Gyp> fiykhd;> khd;> rpWj;ijg;Gyp> rpq;fhu ,d khd; Nghd;w mNef kpUfq;fisf; fz;Lfspf;fyhk;. mq;Fs;s ,iyAjpH fhlhdJ gUtkio fhyq;fspy; kpspUk;. mjpf jfty;fSf;F> ghHf;fTk;: cgtourism.choice.gov.in

`uy;> rj;jP];fH `Nuyp gz;bifahdJ ,aw;ifiag; Gfo;e;J ghLtjw;fhd xU gz;bifahFk;. epyj;jpd; twl;rpia gUtkio Nghf;FfpwJ> ,aw;if md;idapd; ,e;jf; nfhilfisg; Nghw;wp ,e;jg; gz;bif nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ> ,e;jpahtpd; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f gz;biffspy; ,JTk; xd;W. mWtil mNkhfkhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W Ntz;bf;nfhz;L> tptrhapfs; gRf;fisAk; tptrha fUtpfisAk; ,e;jg; gz;bifapd;NghJ tzq;FfpwhHfs;.

ng`;nla;d;fyhk;> nkfhyah N[hit vDk; gFjpapy; tz;zkakhf %d;W ehl;fs; ,e;jg; gz;bif nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ> Mz;fs; ghuk;gupa Foha;fNshLk; nfhl;LfNshLk; njUf;fspy; Mbr;nry;thHfs;. ngz;fs; ,t;thW Mbr;nry;yhtpl;lhYk;> mtHfs; jq;fs; %jhijaHfspd; MtpfSf;F gilay; nra;fpwhHfs;. mq;Fs;s gFjpfs; vq;Fk;> uhj; vd;wiof;fg;gLk; NfhGuk; Nghd;W xd;iwf; fl;b> mij 30-40 Mz;fs; Rke;Jnrd;W> ma;l;dhH vd;wiof;fg;gLk; XH ,lj;jpYs;s xU rpwpa Fsj;jpy; %o;fbf;fpwhHfs;.

nkfhyahtpy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L mk;khepyj;jpd; fh\p kiyfspy;jhd; moif ms;spjUk; Fiffs; mike;Js;sd> fpNuk; kht;fpHlhg; kw;Wk; fpNuk; mizfSf;F ,aw;if Nrfupg;G mikg;igAk; mit toq;fpAs;sd. megtourism.gov.in

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gazk;

uh[];jhdpy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L i[ry;kH> gpfhndH> kz;l;th gFjpfspy; xl;lf rthup nra;J> ghiytd gFjpfisAk; uh[];jhdpa ehl;Lg;Gw tho;f;if KiwiaAk; fz;L fspf;fyhk;. tourism.rajasthan.gov.in

jP[;> uh[];jhd; uh[];jhdpy; gUtkio fhyj;ij tuNtw;W jP[; gz;bif nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. ghHtjp Njtijf;F jP[; khjh vd;fpw ngaUk; cz;L> Nkw;F kw;Wk; tl ,e;jpah KOtJk;> ,e;jpahtpd; gy gFjpfspy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; gy;NtW gUtkio fhy jpUtpohf;fs; jP[; gz;bif vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. Kf;fpakhf ngz;fSf;fhd gz;bif ,J> ,aw;if nropg;igAk;> gRikiaAk;> gwitfisAk; Nghw;wp> toptopahf tUk; rKjha rk;gpujhaq;fNshLk;> rlq;FfNshLk; ,e;jg; gz;bif nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. ngz;fs; Mb> ghb> fij nrhy;yp> jq;fs; iffspYk; fhy;fspYk; kUjzpahy; myq;fupj;J> gsPH tz;z Nriyfis mzpe;J> jpUtpoh gz;lq;fNshL ,g;gz;bifiaf; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 50 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

Mbg;ngUf;F tpoh> jkpo;ehL Mbg;ngUf;F my;yJ gjpndl;lhk; ngUf;F vd;W miof;fg;gLk; ,e;jg; gz;bifapd;NghJ> fhNtup Mw;Wf;Fk; ,jd; fpis ejpfSf;Fk; kupahij nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ. jkpo; khjkhd Mbapy;> 18Mk; ehspy; tUk; ,e;jg; gz;bifia

xf;Nfdf;fy;> gthzp kw;Wk; jpUr;rpapy; tpkupirahff; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. g+kpf;Fg; Gj;Jap&l;Lk; jz;zPupd; kfj;Jtj;ij vz;zp gutrkile;jtHfshf mk;khepyk; KOtjpYKs;s kf;fs; xd;WNrHe;J> ed;wpg; ngUf;NfhL ,e;jg; gz;bifiaf; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;.

jkpo;ehl;by; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L And];Nfhthy; cyf ghuk;gupa jskhf mq;fPfupf;fg;gLk; cjfkz;lyj;jpw;F Nkl;Lg;ghisaj;jpypUe;J ,uapy; gazk; nra;ayhk;. mjpf jfty;fSf;F> ghHf;fTk;: tamilnadutourism.org, nilgiris.nic.in, irctctourism.com

kpQ;rhH gz;bif> ,khr;rygpuNjrk; kpQ;rhH gz;bifahdJ> thhptoq;Fk; ,aw;ifiag; Nghw;wp ,khr;ry gpuNjrj;jpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLtjhFk;> Nkw;F ,khyag; gFjpfs; KOtjpYk; kioia tho;j;jpg; ghb kf;fs; ,ij nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. me;j ehl;fis kpfTk; rpwe;j Neukhf mtHfs; fUJfpwhHfs;> gpukhz;lkhd Jtf;ftpohTld; Muk;gpf;fpwhHfs;. tz;zkakhd Milfis mzpe;J> ghuk;ghpa tpisahl;LfspYk; ghuk;ghpa epfo;r;rpfspYk; <LgLfpwhHfs;.

,khr;ry gpuNjrj;jpy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L rk;ghtpy;> 11Mk; E}w;whz;L `up uha; Nfhtpy; Nghd;W> gpugykhd Nfhtpy;fSk; cs;sd. fhyzpj;Jt fl;blf;fiy kw;Wk; cs;s_H fl;blf;fiy iftz;zj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;Ls;s gioa mud;kidahd uq;k`hYk; ghHf;fNtz;ba xd;whFk;. mjpf jfty;fSf;F> ghHf;fTk;: hptdc.in

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gazk;

Nfushtpy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L Nfushtpy; gpukpg;g+l;Lk; ePHtPo;r;rpfisf; fhz;gjw;F gUtkio fhyk;jhd; kpfr;rpwe;jjhFk;. %zhwpy; cs;s Ml;LfhL ePHtPo;r;rpAk;> taehby; cs;s nrjhyak; ePHtPo;r;rpAk; mjw;F cjhuzk;. mjpf jfty;fSf;F> ghHf;fTk;: keralatourism.org

Xzk;> Nfush ,e;jpahtpy; gpugykhff; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; gUtkio fhy gz;biffspy; xd;whFk;. 10 ehs; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; ,e;jf; fyhr;rhu gz;bifahdJ Guhzf;fij kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu epfo;r;rpfspd; fyitahFk;. mWtil kw;Wk; nropg;Gf;fhf; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;> k`hgyp uh[h jd; gpui[fis (kf;fis) re;jpf;f tUtij epidT$He;Jk; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. xt;nthU tUlKk; me;j ey;y uh[h ghjhs cyfpypUe;J jd; kf;fisr; re;jpf;f tUtjhf me;jg; Guhzf;fij nrhy;fpwJ> rKjha> nghUshjhu ghFghbd;wp> vy;yh kf;fSk; mtiu tuNtw;W

,e;jpa juprdk; | 52 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

,e;jg; gz;bifiaf; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. 10 ehs; nfhz;lhl;lj;jpd;NghJ> tPLfs;> mYtyfq;fs; kw;Wk; gpw nghJ ,lq;fspd; Kw;wq;fis g+f;fshy; myq;fupg;ghHfs;> mJ Mjg+f;fhsk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. me;jg; gz;bifapd; gpujhd ehshd jpUNthdj;jpd;NghJ> Xzf;Nfhb vdg;gLk; ghuk;gupa cilfs; toq;fg;gLk;> NkYk;> ghuk;gupa ,ir> eldj;NjhL ghuk;gupa tpisahl;LfSk; tpisahlg;gLk;. Xzj;jpd; Kbtpy;> mud;Kyhtpy; eilngWk; glF Nghl;b gpurpj;jpg;ngw;wJ> gk;gh ejpapy; gpukhz;lkhd ghk;Gtbt glFfis Nghl;bahsHfs; JLg;Gg;Nghl;L Xl;br;nry;thHfs;.

euyp ghupdp> kfhuh\;buh \;utd; ngs;Hzkp vd;gJ ,e;J khjkhd \;utd; khjj;jpd; Kjy; ngsHzkahFk;> gUt kio mNjhL epiwtiltjhy;> euyp ghhpdp my;yJ Njq;fha; jpUtpoh nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. \;uthdp ngsHdpkh> uf;\p ngsHzpkh my;yJ uf;\h ge;jd; vd;Wk; mg;gz;bif miof;fg;gLfpwJ. kPd;gpb gUtj;jpd; Jtf;fkhfTk; cs;sJ. ,jdhy;jhd;> mk;khepyj;jpd; kPdt kf;fshd Nfhyp ,d kf;fs;> xt;nthU tUlKk; euyp ghupdpia cw;rhfkhff; nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;> tz;zkakhf myq;fupf;fg;gLk; glFfspy; kPd;gpbf;fr; nry;tjw;FKd; gilay;fs; gilj;J nfhz;lhLfpwhHfs;. Njq;fha;fisg; gilf;fpwhHfs;> Vuhskhf kPd;fs; fpilf;fTk;> ,aw;if mopTfspypUe;J ghJfhf;fg;glTk; gpuhHj;jidfis VnwLf;fpwhHfs;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

kfhuh\;buhtpy; ,d;Dk; mjpfk; cz;L gUtkio fhyj;jpy; eilgazpfspd; nrhHf;fg+kpahf ge;jHjhuh jpfo;fpwJ> MHg;ghpf;Fk; ePHtPo;r;rpfSk;> thDaHe;j kiyfSk;> gRikahd tay;fSk; gpukp;g;g+l;Lfpd;wd. mjpf jfty;fSf;F> ghHf;fTk;: maharashtratourism.gov.in

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eldk;

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nja;tPfj;jd;ikf;fhf xU mrhkpa eld tbtkhd rhj;hpah vd;gJ cz;ikapy; topghl;L Nehf;fj;Jld; cUthf;fg;gl;l xU ,e;jpa fpshrpf;fy; eldkhFk; ciu |

rhj;hpah eldg; gpujpepjpfs; kJRkpjh Nghuh (,lJ kw;Wk; gpuNuhdh Gahd;)

mQ;rhdh uh[d;

eldj;ij Nerpg;gJ gOjw;wjhFk;. fyhr;rhuq;fs; khWgLfpd;wd> Mdhy; eldj;jpw;fhd Mh;tk; epiyj;J epw;fpwJ kw;Wk; ve;j vy;iyahYk; mij tiuaWf;f KbahJ. eldkhdhYk;> fhl;rp fiyfs; my;yJ ,irahdhYk; ,e;jpahtpd; xt;nthU gFjpAk; mjd; jdpj;Jtkhd fiy tbtq;fisf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. xU gFjpapy; kpfTk; gutyhf fhzg;gLk; xU fiy ghuk;ghpakhdJ gapw;rp nra;gth;fs; Kaw;rp vLf;Fk; tiu kw;Wk; mJ Fwpj;j tpopg;Gzh;it ty;Yeh;fs; gug;Gk; tiu gpw gFjpfspYs;s Fbkf;fshy; kpfTk; mhpjhfNt mwpag;gLfpwJ. tlfpof;F ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s mrhkpw;F nrhe;jkhd rhj;hpah vdg;gLk; mofhd eldk; ,e;j ,lj;jpy; rpwg;gpw;FhpajhFk;. it\;zt Jwtpfs; tp\;D tbtpy; flTSf;F ghuk;ghpa topghL nrYj;jpa ,lkhd rhj;uh]; vdg;gLk; klhyaq;fspy; rhj;hpah Njhd;wpaJ. mrhk; kf;fSf;F ed;F gof;fg;gl;ljhf ,Ue;jhYk;> Rkhh; 1990 fs; tiu ehl;bd; gpw gFjpfisr; Nrh;e;j ghh;itahsh;fs; ,e;j rpf;fyhd R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

eld tbtj;ij mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy. mjd;gpd;> rpy ghuk;ghpa eld fiyQh;fs; rhj;uh];fisr; Nrh;e;j FUf;fsplk; gapw;rp ngw;w gpwF ,ij nra;aj; Jtq;fpdh;. rhj;hpah gbg;gbahf GJ jpy;yp Nghd;w Kf;fpakhd efuq;fSf;Fk; kw;Wk; ,e;jpahtpd; gpw fiy jiyefuq;fSf;Fk; xU ehlff; fiyahf mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. rhj;hpah eldj;jpd; tisAk; mirTfs; kw;Wk; nkd;ikahd if iriffshdJ eldj;jpd; ngz;zpa my;yJ yh];a mk;rj;Jld; njhlh;Gila xU moif mjw;F nfhLj;jJ. kWGwk;> tYthd fhy; jhsk;> Ntfkhd fhy; gpd;dy; kw;Wk; jir Fjpj;jy; Nghd;w rf;jptha;e;j

Fspu;fhyj;jpy; m];] hk; jiyefuhd fTfhj;jp efupYs;s jp];G+upy; Fwpg;ghf rj;upah muq;Nfw;wj;ij fz;L kfpoyhk; 2017

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gpw tbtq;fs; gpF Ntfkhd if mirfs; kw;Wk; RWRWg;ghd eilfSf;F rpwg;G ngw;w gpF eldkhdJ gpF gz;biffspd; NghJ ,sk; Mz;fs; kw;Wk; ngz;fshy; Mlg;gLfpwJ.

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mk;rq;fs; ,jpy; cs;sd> ,it midj;JNk Mz;ghy; eld mk;rj;Jld; njhlh;Gila jhz;lt eldj;jpw;F Neuhf nry;fpwJ. ,e;j eldk; topghl;L Nehf;fj;Jld; Njhd;wpa kw;Wk; cUthf;fg;gl;l eld tbtkhFk;. ghly;fs; %yk; fij nrhy;Yjy;> ];ilyhd Nfhkhspj;jdk; kw;Wk; myq;fhu Njhw;wq;fs; kw;Wk; RWRWg;ghd fhy; jhsq;fs; Nghd;wit ,jpy; nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,ir thj;jpaf;fhuh;fs; kw;Wk; jhsf;fhuh;fSld; Nrh;e;J Nkilapd; gf;fthl;by; mkh;e;jpUf;Fk; ghlfh;fshy; ,e;j ghly;fs; ghlg;gLfpd;wd. mrhk; KOtJk; xU Gdpjuhf tzq;fg;gLk; 15 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; kj rPh;jpUj;jthjpahd rq;fuNjth mth;fSf;Fj; jhd; ,e;j rhj;hpah eldj;ij cUthf;fpa ngUik NrUk;. khepyj;jpy; gutpAs;s eld

ghFUk;gh gptprhF jpUtpohtpd; NghJ NghNlh r%fj;jpduhy; Mlg;gLk; ghFUk;gh eldkhdJ nkJthd mbfisf; nfhz;l xU Kf;fpakhd eld tbtkhFk;. ,J ~gl;lhk;G+r;rp eldk;| vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

bNahjhdp bNahjhdp eldkhdJ ghk;G nja;tkhd khdrhit topgLtJld; njhlh;GilajhFk;. xU bNahjhdp ngz; xU Mtp epiyapy; fk; (buk;) kw;Wk; rpg;{`q; (Gy;yhq;Foy;) Mfpatw;Wld; Nrh;e;J eldkhLfpwhs;.

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2017

tbtq;fspd; mk;rq;fis mth; xd;W Nrh;j;J gf;jpf;fhd xU thfdkhd xU fiy tbtj;ij cUthf;fpdhh;. rhj;hpah eldj;jpd; ];ilyhd ghtidahdJ elkhLgthpd; Kf ghtidfs;> cly; mikg;Gfs; kw;Wk; if iriffs; my;yJ `];jh]; midj;Jk; xUq;fpize;j xU tphpthd milahsk; rhh;e;jjhFk;. goikahd eldj;jpy; ehl;ba rh];jpuk; kw;Wk; mgpdah jh;ghdh vd;w ed;F mwpag;gl;l ,uz;L rk];fpUj E}y;fspYk; xw;iwf;if kw;Wk; ,ul;ilf;if iriffspd; gl;bay; cs;sJ. rhj;hpah eldj;jpd; if iriffisAk; mtw;wpy; fhzyhk;. Mdhy; capNuhl;lKs;s midj;J ghuk;ghpaq;fSk; rpy Neuq;fspy; Nfhl;ghl;il kpQ;Rk; xU eilKiw mk;rj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. vdNt> rhj;hpah eldkhdJ mrhkpy; jiyKiwfis fle;J te;Js;sjdhy;> gy

Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: rhj;hpah eldf; fhl;rpapy; md;Nt\h k`e;jh ,lJ: rNuhjp rhf;fpah mtUila rf rhj;hpah eldf; fiyQh;fSld;

rk];fpUj thh;j;ijfs; gpuhe;jp nkhopf;F khw;wg;gl;Ls;sd. cjhuzkhf> gjfh (nfhb) vdg;gLk; `];jhtpy; cs;sq;if Neuhf gpbf;fg;gl;L> ehd;F tpuy;fSk; xd;whf mOj;jp gpbf;fg;gl;L kw;Wk; ngUtpuy; Kjy; ,yf;fj;jpy; tistJ jth[; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. eldk;> ,ir kw;Wk; ehlfk; njhlh;ghd fhhpaq;fis ifahSk; ehl;bd; cahpa fyhr;rhu mq;fkhd rq;fPj ehlf mfhlkpahdJ 2000 Mk; Mz;by; rhj;hpah eldj;ij ,e;jpahtpd; fpshrpf;fy; eldq;fspy; xd;whf mwptpj;Js;sJ. Rthu];ak; vd;dntd;why;> Njrpa ghh;itahsh;fspd; ftdj;jpw;F rhj;hpah

mrhk; KOtJk; xU Gdpjuhf tzq;fg;gLk; 15 Mk; E} w;whz;bd; kj rPh;jpUj;jthjpahd rq;fuNjth mth;fSf;Fj; jhd; ,e;j rhj;hpah eldj;ij cUthf;fpa ngUik NrUk;

eldj;ij nfhz;L te;j Kjy; eldf; fiyQuhd ,e;jpuh Nghuh mth;fs; Nfhtpy;fSf;Fk; milgl;Lf;fple;j gujehl;baj;ij ghh;itf;F nfhz;L tu cjtpa Kw;Nghf;F cj;NtfKs;s Uf;kpzp Njtp mUz;lhspd; %j;j rPlh; Mthh;. rhj;hpah eldj;Jldhd Nghuhtpd; NjlYk; mJjhd;> klhyaq;fspypUe;J mtw;iw muq;FfSf;F nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk; vd;gjhFk;. gpuNj\h RNu\; vd;gth; jdJ nrhe;j mrhkpy; ,Ue;J rhj;hpahit cWjpahf gw;wpf; nfhz;l kw;nwhU gujehl;ba eldf; fiyQuhthh;. ,e;jpuh Nghuhtpd; kfs; Nkdfh NghuhTk; ed;F mwpag;gl;l rhj;hpa eldf; fiyQh; Mthh;. rNuhjp rha;fh rhj;hpah eldj;ij ,e;jpahtpd; gy gFjpfSf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;Ws;shh;> mNj Neuj;jpy; md;Nt] h k`e;j; mth;fSk; rhj;hpahtpd; kw;nwhU ,sk; eldf; fiyQUk; mwpQUk; Mthh;. rhj;hpah eldkhdJ mrhk; klhyaq;fspy; milgl;Lf; fple;jJ jtpu ePz;l J}uj;ijAk; fle;J te;Js;sJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> khw;wq;fs; vd;gJ rhj;hpah kw;Wk; mjd; eldf; fiyQh;fs; J} z;btpLk; nja;tPfj;jd;ikf;F khpahij nrYj;JtjhfNt epiyj;J epw;fpwJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 57 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rpdpkh

lha;yl;:Vf; gpNuk; fjhit tpsk;gug;gLj;Jk; epfo;r;rpapy; mf;â&#x20AC;&#x152;\a; Fkhh;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 58 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

~rpdpkh xU rf;jptha;e;j

ClfkhFk;| ebfh; mf;‌ \a; Fkhiug; nghWj;jtiu> xU ghh;itahsiu nghONghf;f itf;fpw mNjNtisapy; mtUf;F fw;gpg;gJ vd;gNj xU jpiug;glj;ij jahhpg;gjpy; cs;s kpfg; nghpa rthyhFk; ciu |

ee;jpdp b. jphpghjp

xU jpiug;glkhdJ xU fij kw;Wk; fjhghj;jpuq;fspd; kPJ cUthf;fg;gl;be;jhYk;> mJTk; xU fjhghj;jpukhfNt ,Uf;fpwJ. cz;ikapy;> mJ gy fjhghj;jpuq;fs; kw;Wk; gy ghj;jpuq;fisf; ifahsyhk;: xU fw;gidahsh; cq;fis cq;fs; md;whl Ntiyfspd; Nrhh;Tfis kwf;f cjTfpwhh;> xU ajhh;j;jthjp cq;fSf;F cz;ikfis ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhh; my;yJ jj;JtQhdp tho;f;if ghlj;ij fw;Wf; nfhLf;fpwhh;. ebfh; mf;\ ‌ a; Fkhiug; nghWj;j tiu> xU jpiug;glk; xU gpurq;fpahuhf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. 'ePq;fs; xU Njrj;jpw;F gpurq;fpf;f KbahJ. xU gpur;ridia NtW xUthplk; flj;jp tpLtij tpl xU khw;wj;ij cUthf;f ePq;fs; kf;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jk; tpjj;jpy;

mth;fisj; J}z;lTk; jfty;fis toq;fTk; Ntz;Lk;>" vd gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; ];thr; ghuj; mgpahd; vd;w nra;jpiaf; nfhz;Ls;s nry;Yyha;by; mtuJ kpfTk; rkPgj;jpa ntw;wpfukhd gazkhd lha;nyl;: Vf; gpNuk; fjhit xU cjhuzkhf fhl;b ,ij mth; njhptpj;jhh;.

];thr; ghuj; nray;jpl;lk; 'jdJ fztd; tPl;by; fopg;giw ,y;yhjjw;fhf jdJ fztiz tpthfuj;J nra;j xU ,e;jpa fpuhkg;Gw ,sk; ngz;izg; gw;wp fijAld; ePuh[; ghz;Nl vd;id mZfpa NghJ> ,e;jpahtpYs;s jpwe;jntsp J}a;ikahf;fy; neUf;fb Fwpj;J mwpe;Jnfhz;Nld;>" vd lha;nyl;: Vf; gpNuk; fjh vt;thW xU ebfh; kw;Wk;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rpdpkh

Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: ckhq; vd;Dk; Kk;ig fhty;Jiw epfo;r;rpapy; Fkhh; fye;J nfhs;fpwhh; ,lJ: xU tpsk;gu epfo;r;rpapy; lha;nyl;: Vf; gpNuk; fjhtpd; el;rj;jpu ebg;G

,uz;L fpuhkq;fspy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s lha;nyl;: Vf gpNuk; fjh MdJ fhjy; fijapd; %yk; fpuhkg;Gw cj;jpug; gpuNjrj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpahtpy; jpwe;jntspia Rj;jkhf;Fjy; xU fhjy; fij %yk; jpwe;jntsp gw;wpa gpur;ridf;F jPh;T fz;lJ. fij nrhy;Yk; fiy J}a;ikahf;Fjy; gpur;ridia rKjhak; rk;ge;jg;gl;l xU jiyg;gpy; jPh;j;Js;sJ xU jpiug;glj;ij jahhpf;Fk; NghJ> ,e;jpahtpd; Fbkfdhf mtiu <h;j;jJ vd;gij epidT+l;b ,e;j fhhpaj;ij Fkhh; gfph;e;J nfhz;lhh;. 'ehq;fs; ,e;j jpiug;glj;ij jahhpj;j NghJ> ];thr; ghuj; kp\dpy; vq;fs; Kaw;rpfis xUq;fpizg;gij jtpu ,e;j fhuzj;ij Cf;Ftpf;f NtW xU ey;y top ,Uf;f KbahJ vd ehq;fs; epidj;Njhk;>" vd mth; NkYk; njhptpj;jhh;. ];hp ehuhaz; rpq; ,af;fpa ,e;j jpiug;glk;> cj;jpug; gpuNjrj;jpYs;s kJuh mUNf cs;s ,e;jpa juprdk; | 60 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

fijnrhy;tjpy; ,Ue;J eOtp jfty; nrhy;tjw;F khWk; ,liu vg;NghJk; vjph;nfhs;fpwhh;. lha;nyl;: Vf; gpNuk; fjhit jahhpf;Fk; NghJ ,J kdjpy; ,Ue;jjh vd ebfiu Nfl;fTk;. 'epr;rakhf. fij nrhy;tijAk; Gs;sptpguq;fisAk; vt;thW NtWgLj;JtJ vd;gij ePq;fs; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j jpiug;glk; KjYk; Kw;wpYkhf kf;fis njhlh;GgLj;Jk; xU fhjy; fijahFk;. nghOJNghf;F Clfj;jpd; %ykhf xU ghh;itahsUf;F fw;gpg;gNj vq;fs; NahridahFk;> ,J xU rthyhd

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rpdpkh Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: Vh;ypg;by; Fkhh; cs;s xU fhl;rp

r%f fhtpaq;fs;

,lJ: [hyp vy;.vy;.gp 2 ,y; Fkhh; cs;s xU fhl;rp

Xk;[p - X ik fhl;! mf;‌ \a; Fkhh; ebj;J 2012 ,y; ntspahd ,j;jpiug;glk; ek;gpf;iff;Fk; FUl;L ek;gpf;iff;Fk; ,ilapyhd NtWghl;il Rl;bf;fhz;gpj;J uh[; Fkhh; `puhdpapd; gp.Nf -it Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jpaJ. ,j;jpiug;glk; fQ;rp tpUj; fQ;rp vd;w F[uhj;jp ehlfj;ij jOtpajhFk;> NkYk; ,J flTis gpd;gw;wpa xU kdpjdpd; fijia tpthpf;fpwJ.

fPNo: gj;kdpy; Fkhh; cs;s xU fhl;rp

[hyp vy;.vy;.gp 2 ,j;jpiug;glk; mjd; Kd;Ndhb Nghy rl;l mikg;ig ifapnyLj;J xLf;fg;gl;lth;fspd; chpikfs; cl;gl mjDila tphpthd fijf; fsj;Jld; gy gpur;ridfis vOg;gpAs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf ebif `{kh FNu\p ebj;j G\;gh kp];uh vd;w ngz; fjhghj;jpuq;fis ifahz;l tpjk; Fwpj;J ,J gutyhd tpkh;rd hpjpahd ghuhl;il ngw;Ws;sJ.

gj;kd; 2018 Mk; Mz;by; ntspaplg;gltpUf;Fk; ,e;j glj;jpy;> khjtplha; Rfhjhuk; Fwpj;j jiyg;ig mf;‌ \a; Fkhh; ifapy; vLj;Js;shh;. Fiwe;j tpiyAs;s Rfhjhu Jz;L ,ae;jpuj;ij cUthf;fpajd; %yk; fpuhkg;Gw ,e;jpahtpy; khjtplha; Rfhjhuj;jpy; Gul;rpia Vw;gLj;jpa r%f Mh;tyh; mUzhryk; KUfhde;jhtpd; fijia ,J fw;gidahf kPz;Lk; nrhy;fpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 62 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

xU Clfkhf> rpdpkh kf;fSf;F xU Kf;fpakhd nra;jpia mDg;Gk; tplaj;jpy; mJ xU jdpj;Jtkhd epiyia Mf;fpukpj;Js;sJ

NtiyahFk;. rpwe;j ,e;jpahit cUthf;f midtUNk Kaw;rp vLf;fpd;wdh;> epr;rakhf rpdpkhTk; mij rpwpjsT nra;ayhk;" vd mth; gjpyspj;jhh;.

rpdpkh ];Nfhg; xU Clfkhf> rpdpkh kf;fSf;F xU Kf;fpakhd nra;jpia mDg;Gk; tplaj;jpy; mJ xU jdpj;Jtkhd epiyia Mf;fpukpj;Js;sJ. 'rpy Neuq;fspy;> ,J xU ijhpakhd Fuiy jilia cilf;f itj;J J}a;ikahf;Fjy; Nghd;w jiyg;Gfis mw;gkhdtw;wpypUe;J Kf;fpa

ntspg;ghl;Lf;F nfhz;L tUfpwJ. vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; Nkyhf> ePq;fs; Ngrj; jaq;Ftij ePq;fs; vt;thW khw;wyhk;? xU fjhehafd; VjhtJ xd;iwg; gw;wp Ngrj; jahuhfp mijr; nray;gLj;jpdhy;> mtiug; ghh;g;gJ cq;fisAk; mt;thW nra;a itf;fyhk;. ,e;jpahtpy;> rpdpkh vd;gJ xU rf;jptha;e;j ClfkhFk;" vd Fkhh; njhptpj;jhh;.

fjhghj;jpuj;ij cUthf;Fjy; ,e;jpa jpiug;glj; njhopw;rhiyapy; 26 tUlq;fSf;Fk; Nkyhf ,Ue;J tUk; Fkhh; jdJ Vw;w ,wf;fq;fis gfph;e;J nfhz;Ls;shh;. ,Ug;gpDk;> xU fhuzj;jpw;fhf fjhghj;jpuq;fis Vw;Fk; mtuJ mh;g;gzpg;G kw;Wk; epiyahdjhf ,Uf;fpwJ. 'Mokhd kw;Wk; gy mLf;Ffisf; nfhz;l #o;epiyfspy; vdJ Mh;tj;ij %o;fbf;f tpUk;GfpNwd;> Mdhy; mtw;wpy; ngUk;ghyhdit cyfj;jpw;F VjhtJ ey;yJ nra;a ntF[dq;fis J}z;lf; $Lk;" vd mth; $Wfpwhh;.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;\hl;];

gf;jp rhHe;j

iftpid

JHfh g+i[ tutpUf;Fk; epiyapy;> nfhy;fjhtpd; FkhHLspapy; cs;s iftpid fiyQHfs; JHfh Njtijapd; rpiyfis fiyNahLk; eaj;NjhLk; tbtikf;Fk; tpjk; gw;wpg; ghHg;Nghk; glq;fs; | Rgpdha; jh];

jPikia ed;ik nty;tJ cyfk; KOtjpYk; fhzg;gLfpw xU fUj;jhFk;> midj;J fyhr;rhuq;fspYk;> ek;gpf;iffspYk;> Guhzf;fijfspYk; ,J fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s tq;fhs khepyj;jpy;> m\;tpd; fpU\;zh khjj;jpy; tUk; gf;\hjhd;> JHfh g+i[ vDk; gpukhz;l gz;bif Muk;gpg;gjpd; mwpFwpahFk;. Guhzf;fijgb> JHfh Njtijf;Fk; vUik cUtKila muf;fdhfpa k`p\h#uDf;Fk; ,ilNa rz;il %z;lJ. xU ngz;zhy;jhd; mtd; rhthd; vd;W nrhy;yg;gl;bUe;jgb> JHif mtd; jiyiaj; Jz;bf;fpwhs;. mtSila ntw;wpiaf; nfhz;lhLfpw gz;bifjhd; JHfh g+i[ahFk;. ,e;jg; g+i[f;Fg; gad;gLk; Njtijapd; rpiyfis nfhy;fjhtpd; FkhHLspiar; NrHe;j ifNjHe;j iftpid fiyQHfs; fiyNahLk; eaj;NjhLk; tbtikf;fpwhHfs;. fiy kw;Wk; gf;jpapd; rq;fkpf;Fk; ,e;jg; gilg;G jpwd;fs; Fwpj;j xU rpy fhl;rpfis cq;fs;Kd; gilf;fpNwhk;. ,e;jpa juprdk; | 64 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;\hl;];

JHfh Njtijapd; cUtk; Kjypy; %q;fpy; fk;Gfshy; tbtikf;fg;gl;L> gpuj;jpNafkhfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l fspkz;zhy; %lg;gLfpwJ.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 66 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 67 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;\hl;];

fiyQd; xUtd; Njtijapd; fz;iz tiuAk; fl;lj;jpy;> mJ capH ngWtjhfr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. ahUNk ,y;yhj> eLuhj;jpup Ntisapy;jhd; tbtikg;gpd; ,e;j Kf;fpa mk;rk; muq;NfWfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; | 68 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 69 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;\hl;];

rpiyfspd; cly;gFjpfis KjyhtJ nra;Jtpl;L> gpwF jiy> iffs;> fhy;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw jdpj;jdpahfg; nghUj;JfpwhHfs;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 70 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

JHfh g+i[apd; Jtf;f ehshd k`yhahtpd;NghJ> ,e;jr; rpiyfSf;F Fk;ghgpN\fk;; nra;fpwhHfs;> g+i[apd; filrp ehshd gpN[ha j\kpapy;; jz;zPUf;Fs; %o;fbf;fpwhHfs;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 71 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

];dhg;\hl;];

,e;jpa juprdk; | 72 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

mRuu;fspd; murd; k`p\ hRuh> uk;ghtpd; kfdhthd;> kw;Wk; mtd; xU miu kdpj tbitAk; miu vUik tbtj;ijAk; nfhz;ltd; vd;W Guhzk; njuptpf;fpwJ. R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 73 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fiy

xU re;jpg;G

Ez;fiyAld; n[h;kdpapy; cyfpd; kpf cahpa fiy epfo;r;rpfspy; xd;whd lhf;Fnkd;lh 14 ,y; fhz;gpf;fg;gLk; rpy ,e;jpa fiyQh;fs; kj;jpapy;> mDgtk;kpf;f Ez; fiy Xtpah; fNz\; `Nyha; mth;fs; cj;Ntfk; kw;Wk; <Lghbd;ik gw;wp NgRfpwhh; ciu | G+dk; Nfhay;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 74 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

Gifg;glq;fs; | mfh; gpufhh; Mh;l; Nfyhp

fNz\; `hNyhAld; NgRtJ jpahdg; gapw;rp nra;tJ Nghd;wjhFk;. n[h;kdpapd; fhnrypy; ele;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;> ,e;j tUlk; nrg;lk;gh; 17 tiu elf;Fk; lhf;Fnkd;lh 14 ,y; fye;Jnfhs;s Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l rpy ,e;jpa fiyQh;fspy; nfhy;fj;jhitr; Nrh;e;j vz;gJ tajhd ,tUk; xUtuhf ,Ue;jhYk;> vjph;ghh;j;jJ NghyNt ,th; Clf ntspr;rj;jpypUe;J tpyfpapUg;gijNa Njh;e;njLj;Js;shh;. ,e;j Gfo;ngw;w fiy fz;fhl;rp Ie;jhz;LfSf;F xUKiw eilngWfpwJ. gpuk;kGj;jpuh ejpf;fiuapy; mth; nrytopj;j Foe;ijg; gUtk;> gphptpidf;Fg; gpwF mtuJ gpwg;gplkhd gq;shNj\py; cs;s [ky;G+hpy; ,Ue;J nfhy;fj;jhtpw;F Fbngah;e;j NghJ gl;l Jauq;fs; kw;Wk; kfhuh\;buhtpy; cs;s And];Nfh cyf ghuk;ghpa jskhd m[e;jh Fiffspy; xU RtNuhtpauhf mtuJ Ntiy gw;wpa ciuahlNy mtiu efh;j;jpaJ. `hNyhapd;

Ez;fiy tbtj; Njh;thdJ ePh;epiyiar; Rw;wpYk; tsh;e;j mtUila Muk;gfhy epidTfspypUe;J Njhd;WfpwJ. “lg; lg;> rd; rd; Nghd;w rg;jq;fis Nfl;L mit vq;fpUe;J tUfpd;wd vd;gJ Fwpj;J tpag;gJz;L. ,t;thWjhd; ehd; Ez; fiyf;Fs; ,Of;fg;gl;Nld;. Ez; fiy vd;gJ J}hpifapy; tiujy;> Nky; jsf; fiy Ntiyg;ghL my;yJ tz;zk; jPl;Ljy; Nghy vspjhdJ my;y. ,J gy mDgtq;fis gpujpgypf;Fk; xU fLikahd kdhpjpahd tpthjj;jpd; %yk; cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ. Ez; fiy Ntiyg;ghlhdJ ghh;itahshpd; fw;gidAld; tpisahLfpwJ.” mtiu xU Xtpauhf tbtikj;j mtuJ tho;tpd; kpfr; rpwpa mk;rq;fisf; $l epidj;Jg; ghh;f;ff;$ba ntsp cyfpd; Fog;gj;jpypUe;J `hNyhapd; kdJ kpfTk; njspthf ,Uf;fpwJ. Gj;jh; n[ae;jp md;W mth; xU khztuhf Gj;j fahit ghh;itapl;ljhf njhptpj;jhh;h;. “ehd; m[e;jhTf;F Nghf Ntz;LNkd

Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: Xtpah; fNz\; `hNyha; mtuJ fUj;juq;fpy; tyJ: 2016 Mk; Mz;by;> `hNyhapd; ngahplg;glhj Nghthr;rp Xtpa gazj;jpy;

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

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W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

fiy

cz;ik Nfhg;G `hNyha; 1956 Mk; Mz;L nfhy;fj;jhtpy; cs;s Xtpak; kw;Wk; iftpid muR fy;Y} hpapy; gl;lk; ngw;whh; m[e;jh Fiffspy; ,e;jpahtpd; njhy;nghUs; Muha;r;rpf;fhd RtNuhtpaq;fis cUthf;Ftjpy; mth; VO tUlq;fis nrytopj;Js;shh; 1963 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; mtuJ Xa;T tiu muR Xtpa kw;Wk; iftpidf; fy;Y}hpapy; ghlk; elj;jp te;jpUf;fpwhh; 1971 Kjy;> mth; rkfhyj;jpa Xtpah;fs; rq;fj;jpy; cWg;gpduhf ,Ue;J tUfpwhh;

lhf;Fnkd;lh 14> fhnry;> n[h;kdp xt;nthU Ie;J Mz;LfSf;Fk; xUKiwAk; eilngWk; lhf;Fnkd;lhdJ ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghhpd; Kbtpw;Fg; gpwF n[h;kdpia cyfj;jpd; gpw ehLfSld; ciuahLtjw;fhd xU jskhf 1955 Mk; Mz;L mh;dhy;l; Nghlhy; epWtg;gl;lJ. ,e;j tUlk; `hNyhapd; ,Ugj;NjO gilg;Gfs; fhl;rpgLj;jg;gLk;.

NkNy: 2016 Mk; Mz;by;> ngahplg;glhj Nghthr;rp Xtpa gazj;jpy; fPNo: fyit> ntz;fyk;> 2015 Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: 2016 Mk; Mz;by;> ngahplg;glhj Nghthr;rp Xtpa gazj;jpy;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 76 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

,q;Fjhd; vdf;F njhpa te;jJ>” vd;W mth; epidT $h;e;jhh;> “ehd; kPz;Lk; fy;Y} hpf;F te;j NghJ> m[e;jh RtNuhtpaq;fis cUthf;Ftjw;F ehd;F Xtpah;fs; Njit vd;w xU mwptpg;G ,Ue;jJ. ehd; m[e;jhTf;F nrd;w NghJ> Xtpah;fs; ngUk;ghYk; thl;lh;fyh;fis gad;gLj;jpdh; kw;Wk; ehd; Clfj;jhy; <h;f;fg;ggl;Nld;. ehd; vspa thl;lh;fyh;fis tpUk;gpNdd; vd;w Moj;ij vd;dhy; mila Kbatpy;iy> vdNt ehd; thl;lh;fyh;fSld; nts;is epwj;ij fyf;f Muk;gpj;Njd;. mJ kq;fyhd kw;Wk; nghUsw;w Nfhthr;rp Xtpaj;jpw;F vd;id topelj;jpaJ. Nfhthr;rp Xtpaj;ij cUthf;FtJ kpfTk; jdpg;gl;l xU nray;KiwahFk;. ePq;fs; jiuapy; my;yJ xU Nki[apy; mkh;e;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;> mg;gb nra;jhy;jhd; XtpakhdJ ePq;fs; tpUk;gpa gb tUk;.” 1963 Mk; Mz;L xU Xtpaf; fy;Y} hpapy; tphpTiuahsuhf Nrh;tjw;fhf `Nyha; nfhy;fj;jhTf;F te;j NghJ> xU Gjpa nkhop kw;Wk; xU Gjpa fhl;rpj; Njhw;wj;ij cUthf;Fk; xU J}z;Ljy; ,Ug;gij mth; czh;e;jhh;. m[e;jhtpy; cs;s ghiw Kfk;

`hNyhapd; Ez;fiy tbtj; Njh;thdJ ePh;epiyiar; Rw;wpYk; tsh;e;j mtUila Muk;gfhy epidTfspypUe;J Njhd;WfpwJ

kw;Wk; rfhaj;jphp kiyfspd; tbtpay; tbtq;fs; ,Wjpahf mtuJ gilg;Gfspy; ntspg;gl;lJ. “mjd;gpd;> 1967 Mk; Mz;by; gphpl;b\; rpw;gq;fspd; fz;fhl;rpia ghh;g;gjw;fhd xU tha;g;G vdf;F rpy ghh;it tpsf;fq;fis nfhLj;jJ. ,sk; rpw;gq;fshd nfd;dj; Mh;kpNl[;> uhgh;l; Mlk;]; kw;Wk; ngh;dhh;l; nkNlh]; MfpNahhpd; gilg;Gfs; midj;Jk; vd;id kfpo;tpj;jJ. mth;fs; gad;gLj;jpa fuLKulhd Nkw;gFjpapy; czh;tiy fhzg;gl;lJ> ,J vdJ nkhopia vjph;nfhs;tjw;F vdf;F toptFj;jJ>” vd mth; njhptpj;jhh;. gy;NtW tbtpay; tbtq;fs;> Gs;spfs; kw;Wk; NfhLfs;> tise;j NfhLfs;

kw;Wk; vy;iyfs; vdJ epyg;gug;Gfis nts;sj;jhy; %o;fbj;jJ> ,ij ,aw;if kw;Wk; kdJ vd ,uz;L tpjj;jpYk; tpsf;fyhk;. m[e;jh Fiffs; kw;Wk; ,e;jpa Ez;fiy Xtpaq;fspd; ghuk;ghpaj;jpd; milahskhdJ ekJ ghuk;ghpaj;jpd; jPtpu Mo;e;j czh;it `hNyha;f;F Vw;gLj;jpaJ> NkYk; jho;thd fq;if nly;lh gFjpiar; Nrh;e;j Nfhtpy; rpw;gq;fs; tbtpy; ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ rpWtdhf ,Ue;j NghJ mth; ghh;j;j my;yJ thrpj;j [jfh fijfshf ,Ue;jhYk; ,J mtuJ gilg;gpy; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ngw;wJ. lhf;Fnkd;lhtpw;F `hNyhapd; gilg;Gfisj; Njh;e;njLg;gjpy; fUtpahf nray;gl;l Xtpa tpkh;rfh; elh\h fpd;thyh ,t;thW $wpdhh;> “`Nyhapd; gilg;GfshdJ khWgl;l FwpaPl;L tbtq;fspd; Nrh;f;if %yk; ,aw;if Xtpa tiff;F caph; nfhLf;Fk; gapw;rpfshFk;. mtuJ gilg;G KOtJk;> ,aw;iff;Fk; ,aw;ifapd;ikf;Fk; ,ilapy; xUNghJk; xU gpsthf ,Ue;jjpy;iy.”

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 77 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

/Ng\d;

rhpahd Neuj;jpy;

xU ijay; jdJ ghuk;ghpa Nthpy; epiyj;J epw;Fk; khwptUk; ,e;jpahit gpujpgypf;Fk;> ,e;j Ie;J ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa vk;gu; ha;lhpfs; xU cyf Nkilapy; jq;fs; Raj;Jld; ntspg;gl;Ls;sd ciu | `k;uh m/g;uh];

Gfo;ngw;w tbtikg;ghsh; ,rngy; khue;j; gpuhd;rpy; jdJ ];gphpq; 2016 Nrfhpg;ig ntspapl;l NghJ uh[];jhdpd; Mjpf;fk; jtwtpy;iy. xU tUlj;jpw;F Kd;G> ,e;jpa tbtikg;ghsh; rgahrhr;rp Kfh;[p mNkrhd; ,e;jpah cil thuj;jpy; fphp];bad; YGl;bdpd; ,iyAjph;fhy/Fsph;fhy Nrfhpg;gpw;fhf mtUld; ,ize;J nray;gl;lhh; kw;Wk; xU etPd mofpaYf;F nghUj;jkhdjhf tpthpf;fg;gLk; ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa vk;g;uha;lhpfisf; nfhz;l Mz;fs; kw;Wk; ngz;fSf;fhd 80 N[hb fhyzpfis cUthf;fpAs;shh;. fyhr;rhuk;> ghuk;ghpak; kw;Wk; tuyhw;wpd; xU cUFk; ghidahd vk;gpuha;lhp fiyahdJ jdJ ghuk;ghpaj;jpy; Nt&d;wp epiyj;J epw;Fk; xU khwptUk; ,e;jpahit gpujpgypf;fpwJ. rh;Njh\p kw;Wk; Nfhl;lh gl;b Nghd;w vk;g;uha;lhpfs; ,g;NghJ rpy Neuq;fspy; /Ng\d; tiuglj;jpy; fhzg;gl;lhYk;> ,e;jpahtpd; gy;NtW gFjpfisr; Nrh;e;j Fiwthf mwpag;gl;l vk;g;uha;lhpfs; ,g;NghJ #hpadpd; fPo; jq;fs; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 78 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

,lj;ij Njbf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. ,g;NghJ cyf Nkilapy; jq;fsJ Raj;ij ntspf;fhl;b tUk; Ie;J vk;guha;lhpfisg; gw;wp Muha;r;rp nra;ag; NghfpNwhk;.

ghh;rp fuh ,e;j vk;gpuha;lhp 1800 fspy; ghh;rp r%fj;jpduhy; ,e;jpahtpw;F nfhz;L tug;gl;ljhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ. 'fuh vk;g;uha;lhp Kf;fpakhf G+f;fs;> gwitfs;> gl;lhk;G+r;rpfs;> tpyq;Ffs;> ePh; kw;Wk; G+Q;irfs; Nghd;w ,aw;ifAld; nra;ag;gLk; tbtq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ!" vd Kk;igiar; Nrh;e;j tbtikg;ghsuhd nrNdhgpah jhthh; $Wfpwhh;. xt;nthU

ghh;rp fuh 1800 fspy; ghh;rp r%fj;jpduhy; ,e;jpahtpw;F nfhz;L tug;gl;ljhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ

rk;gh Ukhy; kw;Wk; f#jp Nghd;w vk;g;uha;lhpfs; ghuk;ghpakhf ngz;fshy; kl;LNk nra;ag;gl;L te;jJ

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 79 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

/Ng\d;

tbtKk; milahs Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijg; ngw;Ws;sJ - cjhuzkhf> xU ypy;yp ey;y MNuhf;fpaj;ijAk;> nrt;te;jpg;G+ ePz;l MAisAk; gpujpgypf;fpwJ. 'cz;ikahd vk;g;uha;lhpahdJ Nriyfspy; kpf EZf;fkhf iffisf; nfhz;L rpukj;Jld; nra;ag;gLfpwJ> ,jpy; Kd;Gwk; vJ gpd;Gwk; vJ vd;gij fz;lwptJ fbdkhFk;>" vd fle;j gj;J gjpide;J tUlq;fshf ghh;rp fuhtpy; Ntiy nra;J nfhz;bUf;fpw jthh;

rk;gh Ukhy; vk;g;uha;lhpahdJ g`hb RtNuhtpaq;fs; kw;Wk; Jzp kPJs;s Xtpaq;fis gpujpgypf;fpwJ ,e;jpa juprdk; | 80 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

tpthpj;jhh;. xU fuh Nriy nghf;fp\ khff; fUjg;gl;L> jiyKiwapfis fle;J nry;fpwJ. ,d;W> Nriyfs; kw;Wk; Nkw;fj;jpa Milfs; Kjy; rph;thdp]; kw;Wk; ge;j; fyh]; tiu midj;jpYk; ghh;]p fuhit ghh;f;fyhk;> NkYk; ,J Mz;fs; kw;Wk; ngz;fs; vd ,UghyuhYk; mzpe;J nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ.

rk;gh &khy; 15 Mk; E}w;whz;L Kjy; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;jjhf $wg;gLk; ,e;j vk;g;uha;lhp g`hb RtNuhtpaq;fs; kw;Wk; Jzp kPJs;s Xtpaq;fis gpujpgypf;fpwJ. ,khr;ryg; gpuNjrj;jpd; mur FLk;gj;jpd; Mjutpd; fPo; nropg;ghf tsh;e;j ,e;j iftpidahdJ kiyg;gpuNjrkhd rk;gh khtl;lj;jpy; Njhd;wpajhFk;. vk;g;uha;lhp nghJthf nrt;tf my;yJ rJu iff;Fl;ilfspy; nra;ag;gLfpwJ>

,lJ: gy ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa vk;g;uha;lhpfs; G+ tbtq;fisg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wd tyJ: ghh;rp fuh vk;g;uha;lhpahy; uhFy; kp];uhmyq;fhpj;j xU Nriy

vdNt mjDila ,uz;lhtJ gFjpf;fhd ngah; Ukhy; vd;gjw;F iff;Fl;il vd;W mh;j;jkhFk;. jdJ iftpid gq;fspg;Gf;fhf 1993 Mk; Mz;by; Njrpa tpUJ ngw;w yypjh tfpy; $WtjhtJ> 'Crp NtiyahdJ Fiwghlw;wjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;> vdNt xU rpwpa Jz;by; Ntiy nra;a ,uz;L thuq;fs; my;yJ khjq;fs; $l vLf;fyhk;. Njh-Ufh (,U gf;f) ijay; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ> ,J kpfTk; rpf;fyhdjhFk;> mjdhy; ePq;fs; ,U gf;fq;fspypUe;Jk; Jzpia gad;gLj;jyhk;."

Nkhr;rp ghuj; 17 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; Kw;gFjpapy;> ,e;j vk;g;uha;lhp uh[];jhd; kw;Wk; F[uhj; gFjpfspy; ,Ue;J Nkhr;rpfshy; (nrUg;G

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 81 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

/Ng\d;

ijg;gth;fs;) kl;LNk gad;gLj;jg;gl;ljhf $wg;gLfpwJ. mth;fs; cUthf;Fk; Njhy; fhyzpia myq;fhpf;f mth;fs; rq;fpypj; ijaiy gad;gLj;JtJz;L. ,e;j vk;g;uha;lhp gutyhf ghuhl;lg;gl;lJ> NkYk; JzpfSf;F tUtjw;F Kd; tpiuthf gpw Njhy; nghUl;fspy; nra;ag;gl;lJ. gUj;jp E}y;fs; my;yJ Ngl; vdg;gLk; gl;L ,iofis gad;gLj;jpAk; nrUg;G ijg;gthpd; Fj;J}rp vdg;gLk; xU nky;ypa Crpahd mhp my;yJ fjh;dp vd;w xU rpwg;G Crpia gad;gLj;jp vk;g;uha;lhp nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,e;j vk;g;uha;lhpfSf;F xU etPd tpsf;fj;ijf; nfhLg;gNj ,d;iwa tbtikg;ghsh;fspd; ifapYs;s kpfTk; rthyhd NtiyahFk; vd ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa vk;g;uha;lhpfspy; gutyhf Ntiy nra;Ak; ,e;jpa tbtikg;ghsuhd uhFy; kp];uh Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. 'caph; tho;tjw;fhf> mij filgpbj;J Nkk;gLj;JtJ Kf;fpakhFk;>" vdTk; mth; $Wfpwhh;.

,e;jpa juprdk; | 82 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

tyJ: rpf;fyhd Crp Ntiyg;ghLjhd; ghuk;ghpa vk;g;guha;lhpfs; midj;jpYk; kpfTk; Kf;fpakhd mk;rkhFk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: ,g;NghJ hpJ Fkhh; Nghd;w rkfhyj;jpa tbtikg;ghsh;fs; %yk; ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa vk;g;uha;lhpfSf;F etPd tpsf;fq;fs; nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd

nerT kw;Wk; vk;g;uha;lhpapd; xU fyitahd rkpyhkp tlfpof;F ,e;jpahtpd; kzpg;G+h; tuyhw;wpy; Nt&d;wpAs;sJ

vdNt xt;nthU FLk;g cWg;gpdUk; FLk;gj;Jf;F nrhe;jkhd Milfis vt;thW nra;tJ vd;gij mwpe;jpUe;jdh;" vd ghuk;ghpa vk;g;uha;lhpapy; gutyhf Ntiy nra;j tbtikg;ghsh; hpJ Fkhh; tpthpf;fpwhh;.

f#jp rkpyhkp nerT kw;Wk; vk;g;uha;lhp ,uz;Lk; fye;j ,e;j jdpj;Jtkhd ];ily; kzpg;G+hpy; ,Ue;J te;jjhFk;> NkYk; ,J mjd; tuyhw;wpy; cWjpahf Nt&d;wpAs;sJ. rkpyhkp vd;w thh;j;ijf;F kdpg;G+hp nkhopapy; td tpyq;F tbtpyhd tPuh; Jzp vd;W mh;j;jkhFk;. ,e;j vk;g;uha;lhp mlh;j;jpahd kw;Wk; gpufhrkhd tz;zq;fisg; gad;gLj;JfpwJ> NkYk; tpyq;fpd; glq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. rkpyhkp Ntiyg;ghlhdJ ,d;Wk; $l kzpg;G+hpy; cs;s goq;Fb tl;lhuq;fspy; kpfTk; gpugykhdjhFk;> NkYk; gy cs;Sh;thrpfs; iftpidapy; ifNjh;e;jth;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wdh;. ',JNghd;w ehl;Lg;Gw vk;g;uha;lhpfs; jdpg;gl;l gad;ghl;bw;fhf nra;ag;gl;ld>

,e;jpahtpYs;s kpfg; goikahd vk;g;uha;lhpfspy; xd;whd f#jp 7 Mk; E}w;whz;L fhyj;jpw;Fhpajhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ - ,J Kjypy; ngz;fshy; kl;LNk nra;ag;gl;lJ kw;Wk; jpUkzk; Nghd;w epfo;Tfspy; kq;fsfukhdjhf fUjg;gl;lJ. 'ngUk;ghyhd ghuk;ghpa vk;g;uha;lhpfs; mtw;iw cUthf;fpa r%fq;fspd; khDl gpujpgypg;ghfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,J ngz;fshy; nra;ag;gl;ljdhy;> ,J ngUk;ghYk; ngz;fspd; tho;f;ifia rpj;jhpf;fpwJ>" vd Fkhh; $Wfpwhh;. Kf;fpakhf fh;ehlfh khepyj;jpy; gof;fj;jpy; ,Ue;Jte;j ,e;j vk;g;guha;lhpahdJ gioa gl;L Nriyfspd; Xuq;fspypUe;J vLf;fg;gl;l tz;z E}y;fisf; nfhz;L xU tof;fkhd ijay; Crpia gad;gLj;jp vk;k;uha;lhp nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

| 83 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rikaw;fiy

,e;jpa juprdk; | 84 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

mj;jpahtrpakhd

urk;

,J UrpahdjhfTk;> MWjyspf;ff;$bajhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ> NkYk; ,J E}w;whz;Lfshf tyk; te;J nfhz;bUf;UfpwJ. mg;gbahdy; goikahd thbrhiw xU ghpG+uz czthf khw;WtJ vJ? ciu |

kJypfh Nj\;

xt n ; thU njd ;d pe ;jpa FLk ;gKk ; xU tof ;fkhd epiyahd Ritiaf ; nfhz ;Ls ;sJ> ,jpy ; kUj ;Jtj ; jd ;ikAk ; cs ;sJ> NkYk ; ,J rhjj ;Jf ;F xU Ritahd fyitahfTk ; cs ;sJ: urk ;. ,J xt n ; thU gz ;bif fhyj ;jpYk ; g puj ;jpNafkhf jahh pf ;fg ;gLk ;> t Pl;L e t P huzkhd mj ;jpahtr pakhd xU czthFk ; kw ;Wk ; ,sk ; mk ;khf ;fSf ;F xU Cl;lr ;rj ;J czthFk ;. xU g pugykhd g purhjkhd ,e ;j goikahd tbrhW ,y ;yhky ; Nfusht pYs ;s rKjhak ; KOtJk ; gutyhf gh pkhwg ;gLk ; milahs rj ;jpah guty ; KOikailahJ. cz ;ika pNyNa> nts pehl;bdh pd ; R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

mz ;zj ;ij fth ;e ;j Kjy ; ,e ;jpa czTfs py ; urKk ; xd ;whFk ; - 17 Mk ; E}w ;whz ;by ; g ph pl;b\ ; Kd ;Dh pikfis Nfl;gjw ;fhf Ky ;ypfhjht ;d p urk ; jahh pf ;fg ;gl;lJ. MAh N; tjj ;jpy ; Fw pg ;g plg ;gl;Ls ;s urk ; xU fl;lj ;jpy ; mw G; jkhd fz ;Lg pbg ;ghf fUjg ;gl;lJ> cyfpNyNa ,J kpfr ; r pwe ;j tbrhWfs py ; xd ;W vd ;w fUj ;ij g pnuQ ;R $l Vw ;Wf ; nfhz ;lJ. mjd ; ke ;jpuk ; mij jahh pf ;Fk ; El;gj ;jpy ; kl;Lkpd ;w p> mjd ; fyita pYk ; ,Uf ;fpwJ. urk ; mjd ; kpf mbg ;gilahd tbt py ; gUg G; > krhyh kw ;Wk ; %ypiffSld ; | 85 |

W W W. I N D I A P E R S P E C T I V E S . I N

rikaw;fiy

Nyrhd Gs pf ; Fok G; Rita py ; ,Uf ;fpwJ. MAh N; tjj ;jpd ; gb> 'czNt kUe ;J> kUe N; j czT" vd ;w xw ;iw th p r pj ;j kUj ;Jt jj ;Jtj ;jpd ; mbg ;gila py ; ,J cUthf ;fg ;gl;lJ. urk ; vt ;tsT r pwg ;ghf xU MNuhf ;fpa czthf nray ;gl;lJ vd ;gij ngUk ;ghYk ; gUtkio fhyj ;jpy ; Nfusht pd ; xU jd pj ;Jtkhd kUj ;Jt fQ ;r pahd fh ;fplf ;fh

kUe;J Fok;G vd miof;fg;gLk; fLikahd Gsp rhh;e;j Fok;gpd; tPhpaj;ij Fiwf;Fk; xU Kaw;rpahf urk; jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ vd rpyh; $Wfpd;wdh; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 86 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

2017

fQ ;r pAld ; Nrh ;j ;J ghuk ;gh pakhf gh pkhwg ;gLfpwJ vd ;w cz ;ika pypUe ;J ehk ; cWjpg ;gLj ;jpf ; nfhs ;syhk ;. jl;by ; #lhfTk ; FSikahfTk ; gjhh ;j ;jq ;fisf ; nfhz ;bUf ;Fk ; Rthu] ;akhd eak ; jt pu> urkhdJ gh pkhwg ;gLk ; ghj ;jpuj ;jpd ; fhuzkhf czh ;Tg G; +h ;tkhf ftuf ;$bajhf ,Uf ;fpwJ> fle ;j fhyj ;jpy ; <ak ; G +rg ;gl;l nrk G; ghid my ;yJ fy ;ypy ; nra ;ag ;gl;l fy ; ghida py ; gh pkhwg ;gl;lJ. xU Fw pg ;g pl;l urk ; vt ;thW kdk ;t r P Ntz ;Lk ;> Ritahdjhf kw ;Wk ; kUj ;Jt FzKilajhf ,Uf ;f Ntz ;Lk ; vd ;gij ghj ;jpuNk j Ph ;khd pg ;gjhf ek ;gg ;gLfpwJ. ,JNghd ;w xU mw G; jkhd czt pd ; fij vt ;thW Jtq ;fpaJ? kUe ;J Fok G; vd miof ;fg ;gLk ; fLikahd Mdhy ; t Ph pakhd Gs p rhh ;e ;j Fok ;g pd ; t Ph paj ;ij Fiwf ;Fk ; xU Kaw ;r pahf Rkhh ; fp.K

400 ,y ; Njhd ;w pa pUf ;fyhk ; vd r pyh ; fUJfpw Ntisa py ;> fhyg N; ghf ;fpy ; czTg ; gof ;fq ;fs py ; cUthd tsh ;r ;r pahf ,Uf ;fyhk ; vd kw ;wth ;fs ; ek G; fpd ;wdh ;. urj ;jpd ; KOikj ;jd ;ik vd ;gJ nfhufd ; fhs pahf (G +g ;giljy ; Ntfj ;ij Fiwg ;gjw ;fhf r pWkpfSf ;F nfhLf ;fg ;gLk ; fUg G; fpuhk ; fQ ;r p) mNj g pizg ;g py ; nfhz ;L tug ;gl;lJ. vdNt> urkhdJ xU mDgt pf ;fj ;jf ;f gf ;f czthf mjd ; Muk ;gfl;l ew n ; gaiu ,of ;f mjw ;F e z P ;l fhyk ; vLf ;ft py ;iy kw ;Wk ; ,J nghJthd [yNjh\k ;> fha ;r ;ry ; kw ;Wk ; nrh pkhdf ;

ngUk;ghyhd urk; rikaYf;F mj;jpahtrpakhd GspahdJ fy;ahz urj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ

NfhshW Nghd ;w epiyikfSf ;F xU t Pl;L epthuzkhf khw paJ. ,e ;j #oYf ;F kpfTk ; gaDs ;sjhf ,Uf ;Fk ; ,g N; ghJ g pugykhf fhzg ;gLk ; jf ;fhs p urj ;jpd ; je ;ijahf kpsF urk ; fUjg ;gLfpwJ. rhk ;ghh ; Nghy ; ,y ;yhky ;> njd ;d pe ;jpaht pd ; Gs p kw ;Wk ; gUg G; Nerfh ;fSf ;F kw n ; whU t pUe ;jhd urkhdJ fyhr ;rhuj ;jpy ; cs ;sJ Nghy mjpf cl;nghUl;fis rhh ;e ;jpUf ;ft py ;iy. Nehf ;fj ;ijg ; nghWj ;J cl;nghUl;fis Nrh ;f ;fyhk ; my ;yJ khw ;wyhk ;. ngUk ;ghyhd urk ; rikaYf ;F mj ;jpahtr pakhd Gs pahdJ Iaq ;fhh ; rKjha r pwg ;ghd fy ;ahz urk ; my ;yJ Nghh pr ;rh urj ;jpy ; xU fyitahf nfhLf ;fg ;gLfpwJ. gr ;ir fha ;fw pfs ; kw ;Wk ; mtiua pdj ; jz ;Lfis gad ;gLj ;jp t ptrha pfs ; jahh pj ;j jpid rhh ;e ;j nfhy ;Y urk ; kw ;Wk ; ghrhU Mfpait gytifahd czT vt ;thW jahh ; nra ;ag ;gLfpwJ vd ;gjw ;F xU r pwe ;j vLj ;Jf ;fhl;lhf ,Uf ;fyhk ;.

tyJ: urk; vd;gJ nghJthf fwpNtg;gpiy> fLF tpijfs; kw;Wk; xU tifahd gUg;G Nrh;e;j fyitahFk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: urj;jpy; fha;fwpfis Nrh;g;gjdhy; mjd; MNuhf;fpa msT mjpfhpf;fpwJ

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rikaw;fiy

,lJ kw;Wk; NkNy: fha;fwp my;yhj tiffs; (,lJ) Kjy; kpsF rhh;e;j tiffs; (NkNy) tiu> urkhdJ kpfTk; gy;Ritahd xU czthFk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: rpy ur tiffspy; Gspg;G Ritia nfhLg;gjw;fhf rpy Neuq;fspy; jf;fhspfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd

ntw ;w piya py ; jahh pf ;fg ;gLk ; ntw ;w piy urkhdJ kpf t piuthf ghDf ;F ed ;ikia nfhLf ;fpwJ. ghuk ;gh pakhf> ntw ;w piy urkhdJ xU fdkhd kjpa czt pw ;Fg ; g pwF nrh pkhdj ;jpw ;F cjTtjw ;F kl;Lkpd ;w p kyr ;r pf ;fypy ; ,Ue ;J epthuzks pg ;gjw ;fhfTk ; gh pkhwg ;gl;lJ. ntg ;gk ; kw ;Wk ; ,d pg ;ig Nyrhf rh pnra ;J> ,ij xU r pwe ;j [yNjh\ kw ;Wk ; ,Uky ; epthuz pahf vLf ;fyhk ;. jdf N; f ch pa kUj ;Jt Fzq ;fisAila Ntg ;gk G; + urkhdJ GOf ;fid fl;Lg ;gLj ;Jtjhf mw pag ;gLfpwJ> NkYk ; ,J jkpo ; ehl;by ; Gj ;jhz ;il nfhz ;lhLtjw ;fhf jahh ; nra ;ag ;gLfpwJ. Nkhh ; urk ; vd ;gJ Fiwthf mw pag ;gl;l ,e ;j tiffs py ; xd ;whFk ;> ,J k[ ;[ pfh GYR vdTk ; miof ;fg ;gLfpwJ> ,J

,e;jpa juprdk; | 88 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

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Me ;jpug ; g puNjrj ;ijr ; Nrh ;e ;j vs pa urkhFk ;> NkYk ; ,J jq ;fs ; rikaypy ; mh pr p khit gad ;gLj ;Jk ; tifiar ; Nrh ;e ;jjhFk ;. gy Mz ;Lfshf> jOtyhdJ urj ;ij njd ;d pe ;jpa czT milahshf khw ;w pAs ;sJ kw ;Wk ; mjd ; kpf Rtuh] ;akhd mk ;rj ;ij toq ;fpAs ;sJ: ,jpy ; Fiwe ;jgl;rk ; 300 tiffs ; cs ;sd. Nfusht py ;> urq ;fs ; nghJthf Gs pg G; rhh ;e ;jitfshf ,Uf ;fpd ;wd ; fh ;ehlfht py ; mit ,d pg G; Ritiag ; ngw ;Ws ;sd ; Me ;jpug ; g puNjrk ; kw ;Wk ; jkpo ;ehl;by ;> mit tof ;fkhd jf ;fhs p gad ;ghl;Lld ; kpjkhd fhuKilaitfshf ,Uf ;fpd ;wd. Nrhog ; Nguur pd ; NghJ Kf ;fpa epyq ;fs py ; jf ;fhs p kw ;Wk ; kpsfha ; ga ph plg ;gl;l Rkhh ; 15 Mk ; E}w ;whz ;by ; Jtq ;fg ;gl;l jf ;fhs p urkhdJ mJ

jkpo;ehl;bd; nfhq;FehL r%fj;ijr; Nrh;e;j xU fhukhd kw;Wk; ew;RitAs;s urkhd fj;jphpf;fha; urkhdJ czT vt;thW kUe;jhfTk; Urpj;J cz;Zk; czthfTk; ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ vd;gjw;F rpwe;j cjhuzkhf jpfo;fpwJ vt ;thW fhyk ; fle ;J gaz pj ;J te ;Js ;sJ vd ;gjw ;F rhl;r pahf epw ;fpwJ. ,d ;W fhzg ;gLk ; gy urq ;fs ; VjhtJ Gjpa kfpo ;r ;r pf ;fhf cUthf ;fg ;gl;litahFk ;. cjhuzkhf> gd ;d Ph ; urj ;jpy ; Nuh[h ,jo ;fs ; gad ;gLj ;jg ;gLfpd ;wd kw ;Wk ; Mg ;g ps ; urj ;jpy ; Nyrhd #g ;ig cUthf ;f gr ;ir Mg ;g ps ; gad ;gLj ;jg ;gLfpwJ. gy tUlq ;fshf khwhky ; ,Ug ;gJ vd ;dntd ;why ;> xt n ; thU ur t psf ;fKk ; RitahdjhfTk ;> r py Neuq ;fs py ; xU czNt gUg G; cuhe ;J urkhf ,Uf ;Fk ; NghJ> mJ kdepiwT vd ;Dk ; gh pirAk ; jhz ;b xd ;iw toq ;Fk ; xU czthf ,d ;Dk ; ,Uf ;fpwJ.

Ntg;gk;G+ (Ntg;g kuj;jpd; G+) urk; kiof;fhyj;jpy;> jkpo;ehl;by; jahh; nra;ag;gLk; ,e;j ghuk;ghpa urj;ij fl;lhak; Urp ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;: Njitahd nghUl;fs;: 1 fg; Gspf; fiury;> nea;apy; tWj;j 2 Ntg;gk;G+f;fs;> 4 cyh;e;j tj;jy;> rpwpjsT ngUq;fhak; kw;Wk; fLF> 1 Njf;fuz;b cSj;jk; gUg;G> xU ,Df;F fwpNtg;gpiy> miu Njf;fuz;b nty;yk;> cg;G> nea; kw;Wk; Ritf;Fj; jf;f fLF tpijfs; nra;Kiw: xU ghj;jpuj;jpy; Gspf; fiury;> cSj;jk; gUg;G> kQ;rs;> ngUq;fhak;> cg;G kw;Wk; fwpNtg;gpiyfis Nghl;L nfhjpf;f itf;fTk;. 2 fg; jz;zPh;> nty;yk; Nrh;j;J Eiu tUk; tiu nfhjpf;f itf;fTk;. mLg;ig mizf;fTk;. xU jdp ghj;jpuj;jpy;> tj;jy;fis tWf;fTk;> fLF tpijfis J} tp fwpNtg;gpiyfis Nrh;f;fTk;. Gj;Jzh;thd nfhj;jky;yp ,iyfisj; J}tp myq;fhpj;J urj;ij jahhpf;fTk;.

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Kd;Ndw;wk;

thp ey;yJ ,e;jpah ruf;F kw;Wk; Nrit tupia mwpKfg;gL ; j;jpapUf;Fk; ,j;jUzj;jpy; ,e;jg ,e;jpah ruf;F kw;Wk; Nrit tupia mwpKfg;gL ; j;jpapUf;Fk; ,j; jUzj;jpy; ,e;jg; Gul;rpfukhd tupr; rPuj ; pUj;jj;jpd; mbg;gilfis Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;LfpNwhk;

fle ;j Mz ;Lfs py ;> Kjy PL nra ;tjw ;fhd XH ,lkhf ,e ;jpah cUkhw pa pUf ;fpwJ> ,e ;jpaht py ; vs pjhf t pahghuk ; nra ;tjw ;fhd gy eltbf ;iffSk ; vLf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd. Gul;r pfukhd ,e ;j eltbf ;iffs py ;; Kf ;fpakhdJ nghUl;fs ; kw ;Wk ; Nritfs ; th pfshFk ;. ,e ;j tUlj ;jpd ; [_iy 1,y ; ,J eilKiwf ;F te ;jJ. nghUl;fs ; kw ;Wk ; NritfSf ;F kiwKfkhf th pfisr ; Rkj ;Jfpw ,uz ;L mjpfhu ikaq ;fshf kj ;jpa muRk ; khepy muRk ; cs ;sd> ,Jjhd ; [ pv] ;bia mtr pakhf ;fpt pl;lJ. jd pj ;jd pNa gy N; tW th pfisr ; Rkj ;jhky ;> xNu Neuj ;jpy ; th pRkj ;JtJ mtr pakhdJ. [ pv] ;b Fw pj ;j thjk ; xU tUlkhf eilngw ;W te ;jJ> mJ mkYf ;F te ;Js ;sjhy ;> ,e ;jpag ; nghUshjhuj ;jpy ; xU Gjpa Afk ; g pwe ;Js ;sJ.

nghUl;fSf;F thpapypUe;J tpyf;Fk; mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> Mdhy;> gjpTnra;ag;gl;l> tHj;jf Kj;jpiu ngw;w nghUl;fSf;F tpyf;fpy;iy.

midj;Jk; Ibapd; cjtpahy; nra;ag;gLtjhYk;> mjpy; XH xOq;F ,Ug;gjhYk;> [pv];bahy; khepyq;fSf;F mjpf ed;ikfNs fpl;Lk; `];Kf; Mjpah tUtha; nrayhsH

th pfs ; kiwKf th pfs ; vy ;yhNk [ pv] ;ba py ; cs ;slq ;Ffpd ;wd. ,jpy ; cs ;slq ;fhj xUr pytw ;w py ;> h pay ; v] N; ll; k j P hd gjpT fl;lzk ; kw ;Wk ; Kj ;jpiu th p ;> cs ;s_H epHthfq ;fs ; Rkj ;Jk ; nghOJNghf ;F th p ;> khepy muR t pjpf ;Fk ; kJghd th p Nghd ;witAk ;> jw ;rkak ; ,y ;yht pl;lhYk ; vg n ; ghOJNtz ;LkhdhYk ; [ pv] ;ba py ; cs ;slq ;Fk ; epiya py ; cs ;s ngl;Nuhy ;> Bry ;> t pkhd lHigd ; vh pnghUs ;> ,aw ;if vh pthA kw ;Wk ; fr ;rh vz n ; za ;

Nghd ;w Ie ;J ngl;Nuhypa nghUl;fSf ;fhd th pAk ; mlq ;Fk ;.

t piy [pv];b-apd; fPo; 5 rjtPjk;> 12 rjtPjk;> 18 rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 28 rjtPjk; vDk; Ie;J thp tpfpjq;fis fTd;rpy; jPHkhdpj;Js;sJ. Fiwe;j tpfpjkhd 5 rjtPj tHpahdJ rikay; vz;nza;> rHf;fiu> Njapiy> fhgp Nghd;w mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fSf;F nghUe;Jk;. mhprp> gUg;G> NfhJik Nghd;w gy mj;jpahtrpag;

,e;jpa juprdk; | 90 | R+iy - nrg;lk;gu;

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rYiffs; kw;Wk; fyg;G thpjpl;lq;fs; nkhj;j tUtha; njhif Mz;Lf;F 20 yl;rj;jpw;Fk;; Fiwthf ,Ue;J thpnrYj;JNthUf;F> [pv];b thptpjpg;gpypUe;J tpyf;fspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;jpa murpay; rl;likg;gpd;gb 11 rpwg;G gphpT khepyq;fs; cs;sd> mit thp tpyf;F msit 10 yl;rkhf epHzapj;Js;sd. tlfpof;F kw;Wk; kiy khepyq;fs; ,tw;wpy; mlq;Fk;. Mz;Lf;F 75 yl;rk; nkhj;j tUtha; <l;Lk; tzpfHfisAk; cw;gj;jpahsHfisAk; cztfq;fisAk; vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhy;> nkhj;j tUthapy; tzpfHfs; 1 rjtPjKk;> cw;gj;jpahsHfs; 2 rjtPjKk;> cztfq;fs; 5 rjtPjKk; thpnrYj;jNtz;Lk;. rpwg;G gphpT khepyq;fis vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhy;> ,e;jf; fyg;G thp jpl;l msT 50 yl;rkhFk;.

khepyq;fSf;fhd gad; ,e;jpa murpd; tUtha; nrayhsuhd `];Kf; Mjpah NgRk;NghJ> 'midj;Jk; Ib-apd; cjtpahy; nra;ag;gLtjhYk;> mjpy; XH xOq;F ,Ug;gjhYk;> [pv];b-ahy; khepyq;fSf;F mjpf ed;ikfNs fpl;Lk;> mjhtJ thp tpjpg;Gf;F ,zq;fpr; nry;tij nghWj;J" vd;W $wpdhH.

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