Session- Wastewater Management-Recycling and Reuse
Heavy Metal Accumulation in Crops Irrigated with Poor Quality Water Mausumi Raychaudhuri1, A. K. Singh2, S. K. Jain2, Ravish Chandra2 and Ashwani Kumar1
Directorate of Water Management Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023 2 College of Agricultural Engineering, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar 848125 1
DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Introduction • Fresh water is becoming scarce • Only 31 and 60 percent of the urban effluent and industrial effluent are treated • The periurban agriculture is mainly based on poor quality water • About 75000 ha area in India is irrigated with wastewater • A rich source of nutrient, economically viable and easily available • Long term irrigation may lead to accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils and plants DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Objective To study the trace element accumulation in soil and plant To study the heavy metal accumulation in soil and plant
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Study area
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Experimental Details Sl.No.
Sampling Sites Distance from
1.
Chhoti Pahari
2..
Bari Pahari
3.
Ranipur Pajhaba
4.
Mahadeo Sthan
0.2 0.50 1.50 2.50 4.00 4.50 6.00 6.50
Soil s o u r c e ( k m ) S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
Crops
Red Spinach, Spongegourd, Spinach, Red Spinach, Chilli, Cowpea Pumpkin, Red Spinach, Okra, Cowpea Poi, Chilli, Okra, Pumpkin Cabbage, Okra, Pumpkin Cabbage, Pumpkin, Brinjal Spongegourd, Cowpea, Red spinach, Okra, Sugar beet DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar S8 Chilli, Red Spinach, Spongegourd, Maize
Concentration of trace metals in soils along the distance from the sewage disposal site
Concentration of heavy metals along the distance from the sewage disposal site DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Concentration of trace metals in plant samples
Concentration of heavy metals in plant samples
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Relative accumulation of trace element in different plant species .
Zn Spinacha>cabbageab > poiabc >red spinachabcd > sugarbeetbcde > pumpkincde > chillide > maizee > cowpeae > brinjale > sponge gourde > cucmbere > okrae Fe Sugarbeeta > cucmberab >spinachabc>red spinachabc > cabbageabc > maizebcd > chillibcde >cowpeabcde>okracde > spongegourdde > pumpkinde > brinjalde >poie Cu Spinacha>cabbageb > chillib > cucumberb >red spinachb > pumpkinb >sugarbeetb > okrab >cowpeab > spongegourdb > maizeb>poib > brinjalb Mn Cucumbera > spinachab > chilliabc >sugarbeetabc > cabbageabc > spongegourdabc >redspinachbc>okra bc> maizebc > brinjal bc>pumpkinbc >cowpea bc>poic respectively DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Relative accumulation of heavy metals in different plant species .
Ni Sugarbeeta > red spinachab > poiab > chilliab > spinachab > okraab > sponge gourdab > cucumberab > cowpeaab > pumpkinab > cabbageab > brinjalb > maizeb Cr Spinacha > red spinacha > sugarbeeta > okraab > cowpeabc > cucumberbc > poibc > maizebc > pumpkinbc > sponge gourdbc > cabbagebc > chillic > brinjalc Cd Spinacha > red spinachab > poiab > sugarbeetab > brinjalb > cabbageb > chillib > cucumberb > okrab > cowpeab > sponge gourdb > pumpkinb > maizeb Pb Cabbagea > poiab > spinachab > chilliabc > sugarbeetabc > red spinachabc > okraabc > cowpeaabc > brinjalabc > sponge gourdabcd > pumpkinbcd > maizecd >cucumberd DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar
Conclusion • Irrigation with wastewater accumulates trace elements and heavy metals in soil and plants • Transfer of metals from added water to the soils and subsequently uptake by the plants that enter the feed and food-chain pose threats for human health and animals • Integrated water management is required for safe use of poor quality water in irrigation DWM, ICAR, Bhubaneswar