HYDROPOWER GENERATION – IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT MITIGATING IMPACTS OF MUCK DISPOSAL: MUCK MANAGEMENT GOOD PRACTICES IN MALANA II HEP BY JAYCHANDRA KHANDELWAL D SURYA PRAKASH SUNITA JASWAL
INTRODUCTION
• Hydropower most reliable renewable energy having positive as well as adverse impacts • Construction of Hydropower project generates huge amount of muck from different structural units viz., Diversion tunnel, Dam, Intakes, Head race tunnels etc.,
Faulty practices and improper muck management: o Deteriorate the landscape o The muck can fall into the river and contaminate its waters o Augment the sediment load in the stream causing severe impact to the biotic components in the aquatic ecosystem o Cause sediment deposition, siltation etc., Muck can be managed by: • Proper implementation of mitigative measures through execution of Environment Management Plan • Preparing Comprehensive and realistic muck disposal plan during planning phase of the project • Proper Implementation of the muck disposal plan during entire construction period
PROJECT DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE PROJECT The Malana-II (100 MW) HEP oA Run-of- the River (ROR) Scheme oOn Malana Khad, a tributary of Parbati River in Beas basin, Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh oEnvisages construction of a 45 m high Concrete Gravity Dam above river bed level oLocated between Latitude 32°05’06” N & 32°02’15” N and Longitude 77°16’51”E & 77°15’26” E oDam site located in Malana Valley at EL± 2500m oUnderground Power House on left bank of Malana Khad at EL± 1910 m
STATUTORY CLEARANCES AND PRESENT STATUS
•Environment Clearance- June 2005 • Forest Clearance -December 2005 •Preliminary works commenced - January 2006 • Major works commenced - July 2006 • Project commissioned and is in operation - July 2012
PROJECT LAYOUT
DESCRIPTION OF WORK
• The restoration of muck dumping site
encompass engineering measures and biological
measures.
• Sixteen (16) Muck Disposal Sites utilized for muck dumping as per EMP • Restoration of Muck Dumping sites has been done in three phases.
DESCRIPTION OF WORK
•First
Phase- Base protection work in the form of Rubble Masonry/Masonry wall/Retaining walls
•Second Phase -
a) Slope stabilization by Masonry Grids, Biomac-C + steel mesh. b) Top soiling with mixture of Soil, Manure & Vermi-compost for improving soil profile. •Integrated restoration technique adopted for slope stabilization as per degree of slope: oFor Low Slope: Random Rubble Masonry Grids, Dry Masonry Grids oFor Moderate Slopes: Biomac-C oFor High Slope: Formation of the terrace and installation of Biomac-C + Steel mesh after laying mixture of top soil and farm yard manure and vermin- compost
•Third
Phase- biological measures i.e. grassing, tuft-plantation, shrubs plantation and tree saplings of local species in monsoon season. •Enrichment/gap plantation was made continuous in winter and monsoon season until the survival rate reaches to appreciable extent.
Muck Disposal Site No. 1
overview prior to restoration
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Overview Overview prior prior restoration restoration
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Muck Disposal Site No. 2
Muck Disposal Site No. 2
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Formation FormationofofGrids Grids
Muck Disposal Site No. 3
Installation InstallationofofBiomac-C Biomac-C&&Wire Wiremesh mesh
Overview prior restoration overview prior Overview priorrestoration restoration
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
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Muck Disposal Site No. 5
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Overview Overview prior prior restoration restoration
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Muck Disposal Site No. 7
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Muck dumping site No- 9 Overview Overview prior priorrestoration restoration
Stabilization Stabilizationby byJute Jutemesh mesh
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Installation InstallationofofBiomac-C Biomac-C++ Steel Steelmesh mesh
Muck dumping site No- 11
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Overview Overview prior priorrestoration restoration Additional Muck dumping site No- 6
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Road side area
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Overview Overview prior priorrestoration restoration
Overview Overview post postrestoration restoration
Additional Muck dumping site-5
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS WORDS OF APPRECIATION FROM THE HON’BLE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA •The
Hon’ble High Court of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla has appreciated the mitigation measures adopted by the project for restoration of the muck dumping sites •Considered it as a model project for adopting the mitigation measures in other hydro electric projects. •The Hon’ble High Court opined: “The project is coming up at a place where there are sharp inclines on the mountain side, which were almost vertical despite this problem the project proponent has managed the dumping of the muck in a manner that the sites have already started looking green. We are of the view that this project can be a model project for other hydro electric projects especially with regard to the dumping of muck and for rejuvenating the land and afforesting the dumping sites”. •
•The
adverse impacts of hydro power projects can be mitigated by proper implementation of Environmental Management Plan •In Malana-II HEP the appropriate engineering and biological measures for muck dumping restored the Muck Dumping areas and ameliorated the adverse impacts predicted initially. • Hydro projects can be developed in sustainable manner by adopting suitable scientific methods
Thank You