PRESENTATION Accelerated development of
Hydro Power
World & Indian Hydropower Scenario Challenges in present scenario of accelerated hydropower development An Innovative ‘7M’ model Aspects & Elements of Model A Mantra to Success
09th April, 2013
Amit Gupta, Sr. Project Manager WAPCOS Ltd., A Govt. of India Undertaking, Ministry of Water Resources
Top 10 largest power producing facilities Rank
Station
Country
Capacity (MW)
Fuel type
1
Three Gorges Dam
China
22,500
Hydroelectricity
2
Itaipu Dam
Brazil Paraguay
14,000
Hydroelectricity
3
Venezuela
10,235
Hydroelectricity
Japan
8,212
Nuclear
5
Guri Dam Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant Tucurui Dam
Brazil
8,125
Hydroelectricity
6
Grand Coulee Dam United States
6,809
Hydroelectricity
7
Bruce Nuclear Generating Station
Canada
6,738
Nuclear
China
6,426
Hydroelectricity
South Korea
6,157
Nuclear
South Korea
6,139
Nuclear
4
8
Longtan Dam Uljin Nuclear Power 9 Plant Yeonggwang 10 Nuclear Power Station
Why only HYDROPOWER • • • • • •
India’s Biggest Hydroelectric Power station is Koyna dam (1920 MW) stands at 13th position after 12 Thermal power plants Mundra Thermal Power project (4620 MW) leading the pack.
Renewable Clean & green source Reliable Flexible Suitability for industrial applications Controlling Floods
Sources - International Energy Agency, British Petroleum, European renewable energy council
God’s Justice - The potential is largest in areas where the energy needs are greatest, such as South America, Asia and Africa.
Low-cost electricity from a local resource.
Challenges In Present Scenario Of Accelerated Hydropower Development ITAIPU DAM Installed Capacity 18 x 715 MW
Dam 7.6 Km Long 196 m high
Powerhouse Size: 986 m x 99 m x112 m
Implementation of Activities in Concurrent Mode “Speedier” Implementation of Project
Heterogeneous Geology in Himalayas Judicious Investigations in minimal time
Race against time – Deadlines / Time Schedule
An Innovative “7m model”
Structure of 7 M Model
Aspects of the Model
Reliable and Bankable Detailed Project Report Construction Management Geological Surprises and Challenges
Government Clearances Selection of Project Developer Law & Order / Militancy problems R&R issues Training of Manpower
Adequate & continuous Fund for Hydropower development Relaxation of Duties &Royalties
Implementation of 7 M Model
MONEY • Creation of Special-purpose funding vehicle, “Corpus Fund” • Investment attracting concession agreements to attract big players in hydropower development • A clear road map for encouragement of Public private partnership (PPP) • Exclusion of cost of access roads from project cost, as development of hydro projects triggers economic and commercial activities around the project site and results in economic benefit to the Nation • Cost of security may be borne by the Nation in troubled areas and infested by militancy and terrorist activities • Exemption of royalty on construction material • Relaxation in custom duty for imported equipment and machinery for projects
Implementation of 7 M Model
Master Planning/Project Planning • Reliable, Realistic and Bankable Detailed Project Report • Squeezing gestation period between DPR stage and Tendering Stage (including award of work) by accelerating start of pre-construction activities • Resolution of inter-state/nation disputes within the DPR stage only • Set up single window clearance for hydro projects within six months of the submission of proposal. • Selection of Project Developer i.e. Private Developer or Government Agency • Capacity building for development of competent indigenous Agencies and Manpower including technical knowledge development • Address to Clear and community oriented R & R policy
Implementation of 7 M Model
Machinery •
Use of the latest State of Art Technology specific to project TOP OF DAM (EL. 1205m)
FRL (EL. 1202m) UPSTREAM COFFER DAM DIVERSION TUNNELS
DOWNSTREAM COFFER DAM CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE
ROLLER COMPACTED CONCRETE
PLASTIC CONCRETE CUT- OFF-WALL
JET GROUTING PLUNGE POOL
ROCK LINE
Up Stream Coffer Dam TOP OF THE DAM
136 m 80 m
Down Stream Coffer Dam
SCHEMATIC LONGITUDINAL SECTION ALONG RIVER colluvial/alluvial
EXCAVATION BELOW RIVER BED
72m
Qutub Minar
bedrock
impervious base grouting as required
With Cut-Off Cut-Off wall wall With
•
DIVERSION TUN OUTLET
Brand new equipment procured on behalf of contracting agency prior to mobilization
Implementation of 7 M Model
Moment (Time Frame) • •
Pre-construction activities to be completed prior to award of works Construction of Roads and bridges to be constructed by the Project Developer prior to award of works
•
Squeezing Construction time with appropriate Management technique and Construction Technology
Construction
Implementation of 7 M Model
Moment Contractor facilities such as officer / labor accommodation Provide Power Supply to meet the Contractor’s needs at site.
Implementation of 7 M Model
Manpower Sufficient numbers should be assured throughout the project Competent manpower for smooth running of project `
Monitoring For efficient running of project, stringent monitoring is required. Proposed model:
Implementation of 7 M Model
Material • Detailed planning and identification of the availability of construction material prior to construction. • Adequate laboratory testing of construction materials for checking suitability prior to construction stage. • Infrastructure ready for exploiting quarries. • Supply of the construction material to contracting agency.
Mid Course Correction • Review of project implementation responsive to geological surprises – without moment’s hesitation
Implementation of 7 M Model
Review of size of forepoled AGO reach of HRT
Problem : • A stretch of HRT collapsed due to AGO conditions & HRT realigned A view of collapsed tunnel
• Excavation resorted by Forepoling technique using DRESS method • Inadequate size forepoled reach
of
HRT
in
Forepoled reaches (3 nos.)
Implementation of 7 M Model
Review of size of forepoled AGO reach of HRT
An idea : Reduce the diameter of HRT Study
: • Reduction of the diameter of HRT from 6.8m to 6.5m / 6.3m /6.0m • Study of existing excavation profiles of HRT reach-wise
Action Rating
• Hydraulic impact of reduction of dia. in terms of loss of head : Dia. reduced to 6.3m & 6.0m reach wise : An OK idea
Implementation of 7 M Model
Lining of forepoled AGO reach of HRT
Problem : • The strata encountered in the realigned HRT reach – squeezing ground conditions and flowing rock mass • Lining of HRT for this specific reach – increasing rate of convergence & Rock loads leading to the reach of instability
Flowing rock mass
Convergence curve
Implementation of 7 M Model
Lining of forepoled AGO reach of HRT
An idea : Design Lining of HRT for the entire rock load Study
: • Worked out the rock loads induced over the ribs based on the instrumentation data of load cells & convergence – Design memo • Carried out detailed stability analysis for the forepoled reach – Design memo • Analysis & design of RCC lining of HRT – Using Conventional approach & STAAD model
Action
- Design : 32mm dia.memo @ 75mm c/c on
Rating
both faces : A hit solution
Reinforced tunnel
Implementation of 7 M Model
• Exploring all alternatives -
design and
technology during the construction stage may serve as additional tool for mid course correction.
Implementation of 7 M Model
Tackling cavity reaches along Pressure Shafts
Problem : Huge cavites encountered during excavation of Pressure Shafts – I & II • 2 nos. of cavities in PS-I • 3 nos. of cavities in PS-II • No surrounding rock available in cavity reach
Cavities in Pressure shafts
Implementation of 7 M Model
Tackling cavity reaches along Pressure Shafts – I & II – RCC Jacket
An idea : Provide RCC Jacket around PS Study
: • Assessment of Internal pressure at various levels of cavities • Without considering any rock participation in cavity reaches – analysis of forces induced in RCC jacket around PS
Action
• Design of RCC jacket for the loads shared by medium (Design memo) : RCC jacketsurrounding provided atPS site
Rating
: Construction unfriendly & time consuming – Misfit
Implementation of 7 M Model
Tackling cavity reaches along Pressure Shafts – I & II – Stiffeners
An idea : Provide addl. stiffeners in PS Study
: • 3D STAAD model of PS with stiffeners analysed for withstanding entire internal pressure Y
X Z
• Alternative studies for additional stiffeners @ various spacing in erection piece of PS – for various degrees of backfilled cavities Action
(Design : •38mm thk.memo) stiffeners
Rating
@625 c/c in PS at site : Better workable solution
Model Load 1
Implementation of 7 M Model
• Project Optimization based on Concurrent Geological findings
Implementation of 7 M Model
Power House Complex
Implementation of 7 M Model
SZ 3
SZ 1
SZ 2
Implementation of 7 M Model
Powerhouse Complex - Original location
SURGE SHAFT N VER N A C E VE R S A U C O L HAL ER H R W E O P RM SFO N A TR
SH EA
SH EA RZ ON E
RZ ON E
Implementation of 7 M Model
Powerhouse Complex - Original & alternate locations
SURGE SHAFT N VER N A C E VE R S A U C O L HAL ER H R W E O P RM SFO N A TR
SH EA
SH EA RZ ON E
RZ ON E
Implementation of 7 M Model
Powerhouse Complex – Alternate location
SURGE SHAFT N VER N A C E VE R S A U C O L HAL ER H R W E O P RM SFO N A TR
SH EA
SH EA RZ ON E
RZ ON E
Implementation of 7 M Model
Powerhouse Complex – Final location vis-à-vis shear zone
N VER A C SE RN HOU R A VE E C W L L PO R HA E M OR NSF A R T
SH EA RZ ON E
SHE A
R ZO
NE
M
A Mantra to success
The 7 M Model i.e.
oney aster Plan achinery / Material anpower onitoring oment id-course correction
Key to successful and accelerated execution of hydropower projects
Mini Micro
Small Medium
Large
Pico
Inevitable Inevitable
7M Model
- An innovative solution for Accelerated Hydropower development, regardless of Project’s magnitude
Mega “A Must” Must” “A Need of of an an hour hour Need