“Annual Estimates of Green-House Gases emission (GHG) from a
Tropical Reservoir in India”
By Swati Kawade, Arun Kumar and Mahendra Pal Sharma
ALTERNATE HYDRO ENERGY CENTER INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE ROORKEE, 247667 Uttarakhand, India
Emission pathways
Factors affecting GHG emissions Water depth • Age of reservoirs • Dissolved oxygen in water • Concentration of Organic matter • Water pH • Water temperature • Residence time (in days) • Wind speed and direction • Rainfall • Water current speed •
Tehri Reservoir
Tropic State Index at different location
Surface Fluxes
Bubbling Emission
Average GHG Emission during year 2011-12 Wet Season
Dry Season
Gaseous Emission
Surface Flux
Bubbling Emission
Degassing
Total
Surface Flux
Bubbling Emission
Degassing
Total
CO2 Flux (mg m-2 d-1)
528.5
15.49
8.9
552.89
552.4
10.9
7.3
570.6
CH4 Flux (mg m-2 d-1)
`7.46
5.02
3.5
15.98
16.66
8.27
9.2
34.13
Tehri (8 years) CO2 Flux
1093.29
CH4 Flux
50.11
Tucurui (15 years)
Miranda (3 years)
Balbina (20 years)
Xingó (10 years)
9395.459
1229.637
8894.962
9094.495
162.92
126
12.56
257
Conclusion GHG emissions were found more during dry season
compared to wet season. Diffusive fluxes at the air-water interface are the main source of CO2 emission which contributes 63 to 90 % of total emission at the reservoir surface, 20-25 % by bubbling and 6-8 % at the outlet by degassing
Bubbling is the main sources for CH4 emission which
contribute 45% of total emission and remaining 55% via diffusion and degassing.
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