“EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF MULTIPURPOSE AND MULTISTAKEHOLDER WATER RESOURCES PROJECT Key Presentation by
Sh. PRADEEP KUMAR Commissioner (State projects)
Global Water Scenario Total 1400 Million BCM OCEAN WATER 97.3%
FRESH WATER 2.7%
WATER SOURCES GROUND WATER ( < 800m deep) 10%
GROUND WATER ( 800-4000m deep) 13%
OTHER SOURCES 2%
POLAR ICE & GLACIER 75%
2
Indian Scenario • 2.45% of World’s Land Area • 4% of World’s Renewable Water Resources • 17% of World’s Population
Water Availability - INDIA Total Precipitation (rainfall + snowfall) 4000 BCM Total water availability 1869 BCM Total utilizable water resources 1123 BCM
Surface water 690 BCM
Current utilization of SW 450 BCM ( 65% )
Ground Water 433 BCM
Current utilization Of GW 231 BCM (58%)
Presently meets the demand but is Inadequate for future demand
Spatial Variation of Rainfall in INDIA
Rainfall in mm Average
1,170
Max.
11,000
Mawsynram Meghalaya
Min.
100
Western Rajasthan
5
Temporal Variation of Rainfall
Post Monsoon (Oct-Dec)
Monsoon (Jun-Sep)
75%
Pre Monsoon (Mar-May
1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0
Winter Monsoon (Jan-Feb)
Rainfall in mm
All India
6 Precipitation during June to September 3000 BCM (75%)
River Basins of India
12 Major & 8 Composite
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G od
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Br a
Br a
Potential in BCM
Basin-wise Total and Utilizable potential 600
Total Potential Utilisable Potential
500
400
300
200
100
0
8
Water Availibilty (Cubic metre per capita per year)
Per Capita Water Availability (National Average) 6000 5177 5000
Water stress Line 1700 cu. m. per person per year
4000
Water Scarcity Line 1000 cu. m. per person per year
3000 2200 1820
2000
1545
1340
2011
2025
1140
1000 0 1951
1991
2001
2050
Sector-wise Future Demand (BCM) Sector
Probable Water Demand as Projected by NCIWRD (1999) (High Demand) 2010
2025
2050
Irrigation
557
611
807
Domestic
43
62
111
Industry
37
67
81
Energy
19
33
70
Others
54
70
111
Total
710
843
1180
Storage Position
( BCM )
1.
Pre Plan
:
15.64
2.
Present Position Present Completed
:
253.4
Under construction
:
50.9
Under formulation
:
109.7
(4895 dams have been completed in the country and about 531 dams are under construction) 11
Per Capita Storage (cubic metre)
Per Capita Storage
7000
6103
6000 5000 4000
3145
3000
1964
2000
1111
1000
753 219
0 Russia
Brazil
USA
China
South Africa
India
Food Grain Production
• 51 million tons in 1950-51 to more than 220 million tons at present. • Country will need 450 million tons of food grains by 2050. This requires:–
more area under irrigated agriculture,
–
more agricultural productivity, and
–
improvement in irrigation efficiencies
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Irrigation Potential Development Potential Created as % of Ultimate Irrigation Potential (140 Mha)
16.14%
In 1951
22.6 Mha at Pre-plan stage
112.3 Mha at the end of XI Plan
Growth of Irrigation Potential Ultimate Irrigation Potential : 140 Mha (Mha)
II
III
IV
VI
VII
PLANS
VIII
IX
X
XI
Development of Projects No. of projects Plan period
Major
Medium
ERM
Pre-plan period
74
143
0
Upto X Plan (2002-2007)
186
813
121
35
62
19
Reported completed during XI Plan
Issues and Challenges • Most of the earlier projects are standalone in nature, which needs to be brought under multipurpose role. • Integrated approach has to be followed for all the reservoirs in a basin to efficiently use the available water resources. • Demands are increasing compounded by increase in siltation in the reservoirs, thus making water availability further shrink in times to come. • Apart from irrigation, industries are one of the large users of water. Inter-sectoral priorities have to be properly studied both from economics and social benefit point of view. • The land use pattern and growing of water intensive commercial crops has put a lot of pressure on the water resources project.
Issues & Challenges â&#x20AC;˘ Food Security : India would be requiring around 450 MT in 2050. â&#x20AC;˘ Impact of Climate Change is apprehended to increase both spatial and temporal variabilityleading to drought-flood-drought syndrome
EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT
Water management has two facets. • Supply side Conservation - efficient management of storage and diversion. • Demand side Conservation – water use with minimal losses and consumption through prevention of wastage.
Way Forward • Encourage participation of the Stakeholders in all relevant issues related to water development. • Setting up of RBOs to address and take up water resources development. • Reassessment by sophisticated technique to povide water resource availability • Speedy completion of projects of National Importance • To accomplish contemplated 20% increased water use efficiency by use modern techniques in irrigation. • Address water quality issues
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Way Forward • Preparation and implementation of suitable catchment are treatment plans to reduce siltation in reservoirs. • Proper maintainence of the existing projects by way of adequate funds and manpower. • Setting up of RBOs to address and take up water resources development. • Taking up research work in efficient management of water resources project.
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Way Forward I HOPE THAT IN THIS SESSION NOT ONLY THE AUTHORS BUT THE
PRESENT DELEGATES AND
AUDIENCE WOULD PUT FORTH THEIR VIEWS AND SUGGESTIONS WHICH CAN EMERGE AS CONCRETE RECOMMENDATION FOR BETTER MANAGEMENT OF OUR WATER RESOURCES PROJECTS
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Thank You for your attention