INDIA WATER WEEK-2013 SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT – MORE CROP PER DROP
BY
R.K.SURYAWANSHI, Chief Engineer, CWC, & RISHI SRIVASTAVA, Director (Monitoring), CWC, Gandhinagar
NWDT AWARD STATE WATER SHARE Madhya Pradesh Gujarat Rajasthan Maharashtra
: 22.5 BCM (18.25 MAF) : 11.1 BCM ( 9.00 MAF) : 0.6 BCM ( 0.50 MAF) : 0.3 BCM (0.25 MAF)
Total
: 34.5 BCM (28 MAF)
Salient Features – Sardar Sarovar Project River
: Narmada
Catchment Area
: 97410 Sq Km
Mean Annual rainfall
: 1120 mm
Annual Yield (75% Dep)
: 34.54 BCM (28 MAF)
Gross / Live Storage
: 9.5 BCM / 5.82 BCM
Power Generation
: 1200 MW + 250 MW
Irrigation Potential
: 17.92 Lakh Ha (1.792 MHa)
Design Irrigation Efficiency : 60%
SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT
Status of Physical and Financial Progress (Canal Network )
Irrigation efficiency :components • Conveyance… ( C) % • Distribution… (D) % • Field Application… (A) % Overall IE = C*D*A
LOWER IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY because of--• • • • • • • • • • •
Conventional irrigation practices Huge losses in evaporation & seepages Tendency of farmers to grow cash crops which are highly water intensive Low utilization during Kharif season Reduction in storage capacity due to silting Low water yield in the reservoirs Diversion of irrigation water to non-irrigation uses Non accounting of irrigated area outside the command (influence area) Poor maintenance of the infrastructure due to financial constraints Non participation of beneficiaries in irrigation management Lack of awareness/ training of stake holders
DESIGN WATER LOSS & IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY for SSP Type
NIR /10000.Ha.
Field App.
Unlined Canal
Dist. System
Branch Canals
Main Canal
Evapor’n
Total Losses
Water Demand
Efficn’y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9=8+1
10=1/9
SSP Volume (ham)
5042
1008.7
668.2
522.02
267.1
260.9
544.28
3136
8178
60%
SSP Loss (%)
-
12.33%
8.17%
6.38%
3.27%
3.19%
6.65%
40%
-
60%
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Irrigation
Annual Delta
Area Irrigated
Efficiency (%)
(mm)
(Lakh Ha)
40
930
11.94
45
827
13.43
50
744
14.92
55
676
16.41
60
619
17.92 *
65
572
19.40
70
531
20.89
75
496
22.38
80
465
23.87
* Design85Irrigation Efficiency 438
25.34
OBSERVATIONS ---•There can be considerable gain of CCA for SSP if design irrigation efficiency is improved. Similarly there can be CCA loss if fail to achieve designed efficiency •It can be seen that by adopting piped distribution below distributory / minor and pressure/micro irrigation system for application can result in increase of about 7 Lakh Ha of command •Based on various on-farm studies, it is estimated that the field application losses can be further reduced from 12.33 % to about 5.33% (saving of 7%), unlined subminors losses can be reduced from 8.17% to about 4.17% (saving of 4%) and distribution system losses can be limited to 3.38% (saving of 3%).
TO IMPROVE IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY--•
Pressurized Irrigation System (Sprinkler / Drip) to increase field application efficiency substantially
•
Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) using PPP model ( first may be on pilot basis )
•
Strengthening of the Water Users Association
•
Institutional set up for effective coordination between relevant government departments, and stake holders
•
Development of the command area pari-passu with the main / branch canal/ distributory works.
•
Favorable market conditions for farmers to adopt appropriate cropping pattern for optimum use of water.
•
Aggressive training for organizational development, leadership, maintenance of financial and operational records and Training for all stakeholders
CONCLUSIONS--•
An ideal opportunity for GOG for conversion from surface to pressurized systems in SSP command for drastic improvement in field application efficiency and also saving precious lands.
•
Numerous challenges for improvement in on-farm irrigation efficiencies … But if successful.. can change water scenario in the country.
•
The reduction in runoff and percolation translates into fertilizer and chemical savings has very positive environmental implications and makes it possible to maintain good production in parched areas.
•
Effective irrigation methods such as piped distribution system below distributory & micro/pressure irrigation for field application if adopted with appropriate participation of local farmers, Govt Depts and reliable and well reputed private players can prove to be boon for the state of Gujarat
Thank u all--
Questions?????