Land Reclamation Through WUA’s/Farmers’ Participation In Maharashtra –Ghod Irrigation Project by India Water Week

S-4: Participatory Irrigation Management as a Tool for Improving Water Use Efficiency PRESENTATION ON

Land Reclamation Through WUA’s/Farmers’ Participation In Maharashtra –Ghod Irrigation Project By W. P. BHALERAO, Sectional Engineer,

A. K. SURUSHE, S.E. & Director

V. S. GHOGARE

Executive Engineer

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE-1, Water Resources Department, Maharashtra, India,

Land Reclamation: A Necessity Drainage problems -followed after irrigation in the command areas of large scale irrigation projects. Water logging and soil salinity are the irrigation hazards. Water logging gives birth to salinity. Cultivable land per capita is limited and land costs are on higher side. Prevention is better than cure. Open drains are necessary to reclaim the affected agricultural land. Land reclamation needs to improve crop yield, water use efficiency and better financial status of the farmer.

 ROLE OF DIRD  Pre and post irrigation soil survey  Annual periodical observations of the command area & canal wise land damage report.  Land drainage schemes in the command area for land reclamation  Guidance support and suggestions to farmers through agro-exhibitions in the state, and national level  Preventive measures for controlling and preventing the affected area.  Monitoring and consultation to achieve best water use efficiency. 2

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

GHOD IRRIGATION PROJECT: LEFT BANK CANAL 0 to Miles Damaged Area Patches & Drainage Schemes

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

GHOD IRRIGATION PROJECT: INTRODUCTION Ghod project – in 1946 on Ghod river, a tributary of Bhima, at Chinchani Tal; Shirur, Dist. Ahmednagar (Maharashtra). 50 years of continuous irrigation and constant cropping pattern. Damaged land was observed in the 70th-80th decade. To reclaim affected patches 40 open drains and 2 SSD executed upto 1996. Protected Area - 17000 ha. Till the date average 75% land is reclaimed due to these schemes. 55 WUAs formed to execute total 64 drainage schemes on Ghod project. MAHARASHTRA 73°

74°

75°

76°

77°

78°

22°

MADHYA PRADESH GUJRATH NANDURBAR

AKOLA

NASIK

20°

218 219

WASHIM

AURANGABAD

213

JALNA

GHOD L.B.C THANE

MUMBAI

AHMEDNAGAR

PARBHANI BEED

RAIGAD

18°

80 5

17° 4

NANDED

PUNE

SEA

6 26

CHANDRAPUR

GADCHIROLI .

ANDHRA PRADESH

LATUR

IAN ARAB

194

YEVATMAL

HINGOLI

19° 96

WARDHA

BULDHANA

0 17

227

22 5 22 6

223

253

235

229

259

GONDIA BHANDARA

AMRAVATI

2 18

262 233

NAGPUR

JALGAON

DHULE

CHATTISGARH

21°

SATARA

OSMANABAD SOLAPUR

RATNAGIRI

SANGLT

KARNATAKA

KOLHAPUR KAUTHA

16°

Addl. Kawathe Drainage scheme

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

Land Reclamed through WUA’s Participation – At a Glance Completed Drainage Schemes upto 1996

LBC

RBC

TOTAL

Area under observation-

21268 Ha

10160 Ha.

31428 Ha.

No. Of Drainage Schemes-

41 Nos.

Total length of Drainage Schemes –

165 km

60 km

225 km

Protected Area –

12465 Ha.

4668 Ha.

17133 Ha.

Estimated Damage Area-

3188 Ha.

1111 Ha.

4299 Ha.

Area reclaimed –

2500 ha.(78%)

500 Ha (67%)

3000 Ha(70%)

Newly Constructed Schemes through WUA’s Participation in 2011-to-2013 No. Of Drainage Schemes-

Total length of Drainage Schemes –

12 km

20 km

32 km

Protected Area –

817 Ha.

1240 Ha.

2057 Ha.

Estimated Damage Area-

214 Ha.

320 Ha.

534 Ha.

Area reclaimed –

80 Ha (38%)

90 Ha.(28%)

170Ha.(32%)

Rs.6.71 Million Expenditure incurred FARMERS’ CONTRIBUTION (LAND COST) 24 Million (20 Ha)

13.00 Million 19.71 Million

60 Million (60 Ha)

Rs.80 Million

Additional Kawathe Drainage Scheme on Ghod Project- A CASE storyTechnical Features: •Total Length of Drain - 5300 m •Est. Affected Area 92-93- 23.00 Ha. •Total catchment area - 377 Ha. •Total unsuitable area - 13 Ha. •Total shallow soil area - 22 Ha. •Total medium soil area - 246 Ha. •Total deep soil area - 84 Ha. •Total protected area - 364 Ha. •Average Annual rainfall - 354 mm

•Hydraulic designed discharge4.95 Cusecs •Land under drain 10.00 Ha. •Total Estimated cost - 35.77 Million Cost per Hector - Rs.9800/DRAIN SECTION ADOPTED: Depth--2.00 m Side slopes – 2.00 :1.00 Bottom width1.00 m

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

Fully Water Logged & Saline Area of Kawathe village ON Ghod LBC

Water User Associations (WUA): In 2005, GoM has established MWRRA to regulate water resources within the state of Maharashtra, facilitate and ensure judicious, equitable and sustainable management, allocation and utilization of water resources, fix the rates of use of. water for agriculture, industrial, drinking and other purposes and matters connected therewith or incidental thereto Rehabilitation of existing irrigation projects and construction of new projects were proposed with the contribution of beneficiaries under MMISF Act 2005. WUA’s involved Total 36 WUAs established. 1.Nageshwar WUA,Shipalkarwadi -60% Existing drainage Schemes renovated through 10% involvement WUA’s contribution. New schemes with Land contribution at free of cost. 2.Hanuman WUA, Kawathe – 40% share Scheme costing Rs. 3.57 M for work portion and 5.0 M for land cost against 10 Hector under the drain. Farmers were promoted and guided through various site visits as well as effective communication with WUA representatives/ farmers

Contract Management Committee (CMC):Four members committee comprising chairman and one selected member of WUA , Executive Engineer, IRD and Divisional Accountant was formed to execute the all scheduled procedures.

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

Farmers’ Contribution on Ghod Project (Overall). Sr. No

Nature of work/Scheme

Renovation Works

New Works

No. of drainage schemes

Total Cost of the schemes Rs. Million

18.00

25.00

Farmers’ contribution

10% of the Estimated Cost

Land in 80 ha.

Contributio n in Rs. Million

1.80

80.00

Area Protected in Ha.

Remarks

18000

20% Land Reclamation Observed. in a year.

5400

Land cost assumed Rs.10 Lacs/ha. as arid land.

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

Improved Features of the Affected Area under Additional Kawathe Drainage Scheme

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

MAJOR OUTPUTS & Conclusion • • • • • • • • •

Farmers’ contribution of 10 ha. land worth Rs. 5.0 Millions resulted in rectification of 47 ha area and protecting 364 ha area as well as Rs. 11.00 million gain in improved land cost. The further improvement would be occurred after passing more rainy seasons. The drained water from surface carries the soluble salts in the soil and accumulates in the field drain hence salinity will be reduced. The above shown damaged area was observed suddenly decreased after excavation of the drain. The well water levels along the drain side were also observed immediately dropped down. The financial improvement due to drain is significant and arid land retained for cultivation. Secondary benefit is that there is a gain in cost of the improved land than arid land. Quality of crop can get good returns against investment in the farming. Rs.29 Million returns (only in sugarcane) in a year against the one time investment of Rs.3.5 Million. (Only from one drainage Scheme) Farmers are suggested to use lift and flow irrigation water efficiently to maintain the good health of the said land and to maintain the drain condition after every monsoon. The said drainage scheme has been handed over to concerned WUAs with all related documents for further annual maintenance as per MMIST Act.

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE

Presented by,

W. P. BHALERAO, Sectional Engineer, Irrigation Research Division, Pune, WRD, Maharashtra, India, wpbhalerao@gmail.com Under guidance

A. K. Surushe, S.E. & Director

V. S. Ghogare Executive Engineer,

Directorate of Irrigation Research & Development, Pune, WRD, Maharashtra, India,

DIRECTORATE OF IRRIGATION RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, PUNE