15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects
Finance for Strategic Manager
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 3 ACTIVITY 1 .............................................................................................................................................. 3 1. Assessment of needs for financial information in business .......................................................... 4 2. Risk related to business and financial decisions ........................................................................... 5 3. Summarizing financial information which are needs to make strategic business decisions......... 6 ACTIVITY 2 .............................................................................................................................................. 7 1. Purpose, structure and content of published accounts .................................................................. 7 2. Interpretation of financial statements............................................................................................ 9 3. Analysis of financial ratios for strategic decision making ............................................................ 9 ACTIVITY 3 ............................................................................................................................................ 12 1. Distinguishing long term and short term financial requirements for business ........................... 12 2. Comparison of long term and short term sources of finance ...................................................... 13 3. Importance of cash flow management and its techniques .......................................................... 14 ACTIVITY 41 Analysis of corporate governance, legal and regulatory requirements .................. 14 2. Evaluating methods for appraising strategic capital or investment project ................................ 16 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................................ 17 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................ 19
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects
INTRODUCTION Finance is the life blood of an organization which plays a significant role in achieving organizational goals and objectives. Financial information enables the finance manager of the company to make effective and appropriate decisions. Financial strategists frame competent policies and strategies which provides assistance in making proper utilization of financial resources. It provides benefit to the company in increasing organizational productivity and profitability (Hershey, Austin and Gutierrez, 2015). For this project report, Morrison is selected which is the fourth largest chain of supermarket in UK. This report depicts financial information need in business environment. Besides this, it also states assessment of business risk which closely affects the financial decisions of the company. This project report also presents financial statements of the company and indicates financial health and performance of the organization. Besides this, it indicates importance of cash flow management techniques which helps the firm in attaining success in the dynamic business environment.
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects 1. Assessment of needs for financial information in business Every business organization prepares financial statement which provides valuable information regarding financial health and performance of the company. To build and maintain faith of various stakeholders company is required to prepare and publish financial statement of the company. Financial information is the essence of business decision making which enables the finance manager to make appropriate decisions and there by helps in achieving success. Financial information assists the finance manager to make proper usage of fund with the help of suitable policies and strategies. Several users of financial information or statement are as follows:
Manager: Manager of Morrison requires financial statements to make strategic policies and decisions which ensures smooth operations of business activities (Brown and et.al, 2014). Through this, company is able to assess its financial health and performance as it helps in making effective judgments.
Shareholders: Shareholders also are the owner of the company so they are highly concerned with organizational growth and performance. They usually invest money to earn extra income in the form of dividend. Shareholders of Morrison make use of financial statements to assess risk and return factor before investing money.
Customers: They also evaluate financial statements to identify that company has the ability or not to make arrangements in relation to regular supply of goods. Sometimes customers are highly dependent on specific supplier for product.
Suppliers: Suppliers are the main user of financial statements which helps them in assessing credit worthiness of the company. It enables them to make suitable decision in relation to whether he needs to supply goods to Morrison on credit basis or not. Better financial performance ensures them that, company is able to make credit payment within a definite period of time.
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects Competitors: Competitors undertakes financial statement or information to compare its overall performance with rivals companies (Graham, Harvey and Puri, 2015). It enables competitors to learn competencies and strategies which aid in building competitive advantage in the strategic business environment. Government: Tax is one of the major income sources of the government. It makes analysis of financial statements of the firm to assess appropriate tax amount as well as to ensure that company operates their business activities more ethically (Users of Financial Statements. 2015).
2. Risk related to business and financial decisions Risk is the factor which closely impacts business activities, performance and productivity of the company. Business risk enforces huge problem in front the finance manager and Morrison as well. There are several risk factors which affects financial and business decisions of the company because they are closely related to the profitability aspects of the firm. Changing needs and wants of customers imposes high business risk in front of Morrison. Customer is a wanted animal and their needs and wants never comes to an end. Besides this, their like and dislikes are continuously changing which impose problem in front of Morrison. Thus, in order to reduce such business risk firm needs to undertake research and development activity to identify consumer likes and dislikes which further affects financial decision of the company. Along with the micro economical factors economic conditions such as recession or deflation are also the subject of high business risk. Macroeconomic or market conditions such as recession also affects business decision of Morrison. During recession, purchasing power of the customers decreased so to attract more customers Morrison offered high discount to their customers (Valentin and Mihaela–Andreea, 2015). In addition to this, it also made investment in promotional activities to attract both existing and potential customer base due to presence of high competition. It impacts the revenue, market share and image of the company. Finance manager of Morrison should consider all the risk factors which negatively affect the productivity and profitability of the enterprise. 5 Get Quality assistance assignment expert by us. Call us +61 879 057 034
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects 3. Summarizing financial information which are needs to make strategic business decisions Finance manager or department of Morrison acquires variety of information through financial statement of the company. It provides proper information to the firm regarding financial activities and usage of fund. Success of the whole organization highly depends upon proper utilization of finance. Through this, finance manager of Morrison is able to make effectual decision which helps the organization in building and sustaining competitive advantage (Minnis and Sutherland, 2014). Income statement, cash flow statement and balance sheet of the Morrison provides deeper insight to it about business performance. Morrison undertakes following statements to get information for making strategic business decisions:
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Income statement: Income statement of Morrison contains information about income and of the firm. Expenditure includes salary and wages, office expenses, commission paid, advertising expenses etc. On the other hand, such as income includes interest received, commission received etc. It provides help to company in taking strategic decisions by highlighting areas where the organization needs to control expenses. It provides more benefit to Morrison by increasing profit of the company. 
Cash flow statement: It renders information about inflow and outflow of cash activities. Cash flow statement assists Morrison in making investing as well as financing decisions
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects which proves to be more profitable for the company (Kwak and et.al, 2015). It indicates cash position of the firm which helps the company in framing competent strategies for organizational growth and development.
Balance sheet: Balance sheet of Morrison states financial health and performance of the company. It indicates the obligation which company needs to bear within financial year. Besides this, it also gives idea about liquidity and soundness of the organizational performance. This information enables the finance manager to make better decision so that, company can achieve success and build distinct image in the mind of stakeholders.
ACTIVITY 2 1. Purpose, structure and content of published accounts Purpose of published accounts: One of the main purposes of Morrison to publish its financial statement is to provide information regarding financial health and performance of the company. Through this, it can obtain faith and trust of various stakeholders such as customers, shareholders, suppliers, government etc. in the company's operations. By publishing financial statement, Morrison can easily attract existing as well as potential customer base (Dehnavi and et.al, 2015). Besides this, it also enables the company to increase its goodwill by fairly and accurately publishing financial or business information. Content of published accounts: Morrison includes following contents when they publish their accounts in public at large:
Income statement analysis
Cash flow statement
Balance sheet
Non-recurring profit and loss a/c
Segmental reporting
New and discontinued operations of the company
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects Structure of published accounts: Structure of the published accounts can be divided into following parts such as follows:
Annual report of the company begins with overview of chairman of Morrison who states strategies and policies adopted by the company. In addition to this, it also highlights the performance, goals and objectives which the organization has achieved during the accounting year.
Company requires to present fact and figures through illustrations and pie charts so they become more understandable.
Along with it, published accounts of the firm represents summary of balance sheet items which provides insight to investors regarding performance of business operations (McNeil, Frey and Embrechts, 2015).
In addition to this, annual report of the firm presents income statement analysis as well as analysis of cash flow statement. It depicts liquidity position of the company because earning of the investors is closely. related to liquidity position of company.
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects 2. Interpretation of financial statements Published accounts or annual report of Morrison provides several types’ valuable information to company as well as other stakeholders. It enables the firm to frame competent strategies and policies which contributes in achieving organizational goals and objectives. Besides, it also he also helps the company in building competitive position over others. It has been interpreted that, income statement entails information regarding income and expenditure of the company. . Whereas cash flow statement of the company indicates cash or liquidity position of the firm. It assist company in making important business decisions such as investment, dividend etc. which further contributes in increasing goodwill and productivity of the company. If financial or liquidity position of the company is sound then, Morrison is able to attract potential and existing stakeholders (Kroes and Manikas, 2014). It also helps Morrison to retain and sustain investors for longer duration. Apart from it, Balance sheet of the Morrison shows financial soundness of the company. Balance sheet has two parts such as assets and liabilities. Both the sides give clear idea to shareholders, suppliers, government etc. about financial operations of the firm. It helps stakeholders in making investment decision through which they can increase their earnings. It has been analyzed that, financial and liquidity position of Morrison is sound. It is the positive sign for the company which aid in increasing further productivity and profitability of the company. 3. Analysis of financial ratios for strategic decision making Ratio analysis can be defined as a tool which simplifies and facilitates better understanding regarding financial results of the corporation. It acts as a key indicator which helps stakeholders in making suitable investment decision. In addition to this, finance manager of Morrison uses ratio analysis to identify strong and weak areas of organizational performance. It helps in making suitable strategies to convert weaknesses into strengths.
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Financial Ratios
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects 2014
2015
company. In addition to this, receivable turnover ratio of the company is high as compared to previous year. It is not good for Morrison because it receives late payment which reduces working capital of the company. Morrison is required to make effective measures at appropriate time so that, organizational goals are timely Efficiency ratios:
achieved.
Fixed asset turnover ratio
2.05
2.12
Inventory turnover ratio
20.34
21.26
Receivable turnover ratio
101.61
177.01
Current ratio
.50
.50
Quick ratio:
.16
.18
Debt-equity ratio
.53
.70
Liquidity ratios:
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects Current ratio of the company indicates firm's ability to pay its current liabilities over current assets. 2:1 is the ideal current ratio which shows financial soundness of the company. From the above mentioned analysis it has been interpreted that, liquidity position of the Morrison is not strong because it is below ideal current ratio. On the other hand, quick ratio of the company depicts that, organization possess sufficient amount of marketable securities which can easily be convertible into cash (Barton and Wiseman, 2014). Quick ratio of the company is below ideal ratio which is 0.5:1. It can be assessed that, company has improved its financial performance as compare previous years but still liquidity position of the firm is not well. Morrison is required to take strategic move to improve its financial health and position. Debtequity ratio of Morrison presents that, firm raises its fund mostly through equity share capital. Efficiency ratio of the company states that, Morrison's has the ability to make proper and effective utilization of assets and stock as well. Fixed asset turnover ratio depicts that, company have made proper utilization of fixed assets. On the other hand, inventory turnover ratio of the Morrison decreases which is not good sign for the company.
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects Ratio analysis provides deeper insight to an organization about their financial health and performance. Through this, Morrison is able to frame effective strategies and policies which make contribution in the achievement of organizational goals and objectives. Further, ratio analysis also provides information to the organization about the effectiveness of their strategies and policies. For instance: On the basis of above mentioned ratio analysis debt equity ratio of Morrison exceeds ideal ratio. By taking into consideration Morrison can control the issuance of equity shares. In addition this, liquidity performance of Morrison is not sound. By identifying such aspect company can frame effective strategies and policies in relation the investing as well as financial decisions. In addition to this, efficiency ratios shows that company have made optimum use of assets to generate revenue in 2015 as compared to 2014. Ratio analysis also shed light on the growth and development aspect of the company. Thus, by undertaking each and every aspect organization becomes able to attain success in the competitive business arena.
ACTIVITY 3 1. Distinguishing long term and short term financial requirements for business Company requires short or long tern finance which highly depends upon the business needs and activities. There are several differences between long term and short financial requirements. One of the main differences is that, when Morrison requires fund for more than three years to meet its financial need then, it is known as long term source. For example: Morrison requires long term finance to expand its business operations in several parts of the country. It is taken as a current liability of the company which closely affects its cash and profitability. As usually company needs to repay this amount in the form of installments from current assets of the firm. On contrary to this, when company requires fund for a limited period of time such as less than 1 or 2 years to meet its financial requirements it is called as short term finance. For example: To attract existing and potential customers Morrison needs to undertake sales promotional activities to increase productivity and profitability of firm (Gรถtze, Northcott and 12 Get Quality assistance assignment expert by us. Call us +61 879 057 034
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects Schuster, 2015). To meet these expenses as well as to make payment to supplier on time, company requires short-term finance to ensure smooth functioning of the business organization. 2. Comparison of long term and short term sources of finance There are various differences between long term and short term sources of finance which are enumerated below: Basis of difference
Long term sources of finance
Short term sources of finance
Meaning
Long term sources of finance Short term sources of funding provide financial assistance to provide financial assistance for Morrison for a long period of the very short span of time time.
Examples
approximately 6 to 12 months.
Long
term
sources
for Short term sources of finance
Morrison includes bank loan, depict bank overdraft, trade debenture,
shares,
retained credit
facilities,
installment
earnings and public deposits credit, short tern bank loan etc. etc. It facilitates in fulfilling long term goals and objectives of
company
(Meyer
and
Kiymaz, 2015). Objective
Long term sources of finance Company takes help of short render benefit to Morrison term sources of finance to when
it
plans
to
huge meet its day to day or regular
investment in specific project. expenses. So, flow of business operation never breaks down due to financial issue (Revsine 13 Get Quality assistance assignment expert by us. Call us +61 879 057 034
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects and et.al, 2005). Both the sources of finance such as long term and short term provides help to the company by meeting its financial needs and thereby results in achieving success. 3. Importance of cash flow management and its techniques Cash flow management plays a vital in making strategic business and financial decisions of the company. It provides assistance to Morrison regarding inflow and outflow of cash which enables in assessing financial performance of the company. It acts as an indicator which helps the finance manger to make effectual strategies for the organizational growth and development. If inflow of the cash is greater than outflow then, it is positive mark for the company. It depicts that, Morrison has adequate fund to expand its business activities. It enables it to conduct research and development activity to assess customer needs, wants and desire. Through this, Morrison is able to increase sales as well as profit of the company. By providing satisfactory services to the customer, company can easily build customer loyalty which provides benefit to the organization in near future. In addition to this, to manage cash flow effectively and efficiently company needs to undertake several techniques (Sminia, 2014). For this, Morrison is required to manage its working capital and business risks. Besides this, the firm need to make efforts to collect its receivable within a time frame so that, they invest money in other productive purposes. Cash flow management also helps the enterprise in attracting stakeholders in making investment in Morrison's business operations. ACTIVITY 41 Analysis of corporate governance, legal and regulatory requirements There is different corporate governance well as legal and regulatory requirements for public and private limited company. To start a new venture, private limited company requires ÂŁ1 as a share capital. On the other hand, public limited company needs to maintain ÂŁ50000 in the form of share capital to start a new business. Along with it, the public limited company shares of the firm have to denominated in home currency of UK(ÂŁ). On other hand, there is no such type 14 Get Quality assistance assignment expert by us. Call us +61 879 057 034
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects of restriction upon private companies (Anderson and et.al, 2015). Besides this, to start a new firm in UK it is necessary for both public and private limited company to present its memorandum and article of association in an appropriate format to registrar. To open up new business venture, enterprise has to follow all the procedures which are prescribed by the UK government.
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Role and accountability of managers significantly differs as changes made in the structure of an organization. In the sole proprietorship firm, owner plays all the roles and responsibilities itself. They manage business activities and functions without any intervention of others. On other hand in the partnership firm, different partners plays different role for the well being of an organization. Partners of an organization need to make discussion with each other before making any decision. In addition to this, company which is limited by shares limits the liability of shareholders to the value of their shares. Management and board of directors having the responsibility to make decision in relation to the business activities. Shareholders does not have right to make interference in the decision making of organizational aspects. Thus, role and responsibilities of owner and managers significantly differs as changes take place in the nature of the organization. 15 Get Quality assistance assignment expert by us. Call us +61 879 057 034
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects 2. Evaluating methods for appraising strategic capital or investment project Investment appraisal techniques can be defined as a tool which helps Morrison in selecting project which proves to more profitable for the firm in near future. Besides this, it also assists in assessing impact of investment upon cash flow of organization (Investment Appraisal Techniques. 2015). There are various tools available to company which helps in assessing viability of the project (Peirson and et.al, 2014). Payback period method provides assistance to enterprise in selecting suitable project which recovers initial investment in shorter duration and makes profit earlier. Along with it, internal rate of return is another method which enables Morrison to assess return which company gets during a definite period of time. Through this technique, the firm can estimate cash flow which it may generate within this duration. This method states that, Morrison should select only that project which gives positive return to the company otherwise reject the proposal (Pettigrew, 2014). However, it can be evaluated that, internal rate of return is more practical then payback period method. It indicates that, company would generate positive return from the project or not in near future. On the other hand, pay back method only entails duration of project. For instance: Morrison make initial investment of 100000ÂŁ in the new project. Calculation of Net present value to assess the viability of project is as follows: Discounted cash Years
Cash inflow
Discounting factor@10%
flow (ÂŁ)
1
30000
0.909
27270
2
35000
0.826
28910
3
42000
0.751
31542
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4
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects 45000 0.683
30735
Total
118457
Initial investment
100000
Net present value
18457
On the basis of the above mentioned analysis it has been assessed that new project gives positive return to Morrison such as 18457ÂŁ. Thus, Morrison needs to select the project which proves to be more profitable for them.
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Conclusion From this project report it has been concluded that, finance manager of the company needs to consider all factors which affects financial decision of the firm. It closely impacts 17 Get Quality assistance assignment expert by us. Call us +61 879 057 034
15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects productivity and profitability of the enterprise. It can be seen in the report that, various financial statements enable Morrison to make effectual decision, policies and strategies. By analyzing ratios it also has been concluded that, financial performance of Morrison is not sound. It can be concluded that, after analyzing the period of financial need company is required to select appropriate source of finance. Effectual management of cash flow provides help to the company in achieving success in the competitive business environment.
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15,000+ Successfully Completed Projects
References
Anderson, D. and et.al., 2015. An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage Learning.
Barton, D. and Wiseman, M., 2014. Focusing capital on the long term. Harvard Business Review
Brown, K. and et.al., 2014. An integrated approach to strategic asset management. In Infranomics
Dehnavi, A. and et.al., 2015. A new hybrid model using step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) technique and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for regional landslide hazard assessment in Iran. CATENA
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