MAY 2022 - International Aquafeed magazine

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

CASE STUDY

Lice-resistant salmon - The 13th edition of the Monaco Blue Initiative

International Aquafeed - Volume 25 - Issue 5 - May 2022

- Tnsect-based fish feed - Boosting tilapia performance: Preventing oxidative stress with organic selenium yeast - Exposed farming, cage deformation & fish - Nanobubble technology in salmon farming: Using oxygen to revert anaerobic conditions and increase cultivation densities Proud supporter of Aquaculture without Frontiers UK CIO

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May 2022

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WELCOME

be permitted to go to Norwegian shipyards, as will At time of going to press, the team from rescue and research vessels as the Scandinavian International Aquafeed magazine are just nation wants to protect cooperation in the Barents gathering our thoughts and possessions Sea, as well as a historic search and rescue following a very successful spell at Aquaculture agreement that the two neighbouring nations are UK in Aviemore, Scotland. party to.

It’s been a while since we were able to do This month’s edition of International Aquafeed business in the crisp Cairngorms air, and it was magazine sees a continuation of another historic truly a pleasure to catch up with some of our partnership, with a characteristically detailed publication’s oldest allies, as well as connecting and concise report from the recent Monaco Blue with a whole bunch of potential new ones too.

Roger Gilbert Initiative by Dr Thierry Chopin. This is in contrast So, before we begin the long journey back home Publisher – International Aquafeed with our Aquaculture case study, which sees Inês down the A9, I would like to thank the organisers and Fish Farming Technology Crespo and Diego Robledo of the Roslin Institute Diversified Communications UK, and congratulate present the findings of their study into developing them on a very successful and well executed show. lice-resistant salmon, in a bid to end a not so pleasant and productive We will publish our full show report in the June edition of our magazine. historic relationship.

This year is seeing something of a renaissance for the aquaculture trade Our May edition also boasts a strong fish farming technology section, show, with Aquaculture UK presenting just the latest in a series of events with an article titled ‘Exposed farming, cage deformation & fish’ by that I have had the pleasure of attending in person. I have seen for myself Fiskaaling and a rather novel article detailing the use of nanobubble the growing numbers and confidence, which is clearly visible in both technology in salmon farming by ​​ Chilean company ChucaoTec. visitors and exhibitors alike.

This month’s nutrition section features a report into insect-based fish We all know that Covid-19 has not gone away entirely - with the feed by Tebrio, Spain as well as results from a trial which is seeking to smattering of masked faces amongst the crowds at events still standing as boost tilapia performance by Phileo by Lesaffre, Brazil. I would like to testament to this, but we are beginning to stretch our legs a little more in take this opportunity to thank all of our contributors for helping us to put what is beginning to feel a bit like the old normal again. together yet another fantastic issue.

Another situation that we all hoped would be over soon but at time At International Aquafeed magazine, we value our connections with our of going to press, still isn’t, is the conflict in Ukraine. Since the end of contributors, advertisers, readers and industry friends. That’s why we will February, we have all witnessed the ongoing conflict unfold before us by always attend as many events as possible - as sometimes an email or a virtue of our screens and newspaper pages. phone call just isn’t quite enough.

In response to its aggression, an escalation of sanctions against Russian Similarly, we are always looking to keep our readers up to date with the interests sees ships and trucks from the country no longer allowed to enter latest innovations that will either add value to or simply take the effort out Norwegian ports and roads, with the new measures coming into force on of feeding and rearing fish.

May 7, 2022.

With this statement in mind, if you represent a company or if you are In line with the European Union policy, the latest sanctions imposed by a student that would like to share your latest research with our vast and Norway include more Russian exports becoming subject to restriction, as growing international readership, then please feel free to get in touch. well as other goods deemed to be important for Russia’s national income.

We hope that you enjoy our May edition!

However, Russian fishing vessels are exempt from the ban and will still

Marel acquires Wenger Manufacturing Marel of Iceland has agreed to acquire Wenger Manufacturing of the USA “as a strategic platform investment into new and attractive growth markets,” says the Icelandic company.

Wenger Manufacturing has been a longstanding, extrusion-focused company first established in Sabetha, Kansas in the USA in 1935 by Joe and Lou Wenger.

Today, it has 500 employees and a global brand, both of which are highly recognised and respected for its innovations in livestock feed production across the world with a particular focus on aquatic feeds and petfoods.

In 2021 Marel formally established a business development division focused on petfood and plant-based proteins.

Over the decades Wenger Manufacturing has introduce many breakthrough technologies in extrusion processing and has influenced the development of companies

and industry sectors. Wenger is to become an independent Marel Business Unit focused on petfood, plant-based proteins and aquafeeds.

Marel started life in Iceland with a fishing industry mission of becoming a global leader in fish. Then, with time, it moved to include meat industry activities and in the 1960s changed its mission statement to become what it now calls a ‘global food player.’ The company made the US$540 million total investment in the acquisition while estimating the end market that Wenger sells into having a value of approximately US$2 billion with annual grow running at between four-to-six percent.

Wenger Manufacturing will become a new growth pillar next to Marel’s poultry, meat and fish sectors to allow the company to gradually expands its playing field.

This means that the two technical leaders will join forces to transform the way food is processed. The rationale for the acquisition is based on Wenger’s strong end markets,

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extensive offering around extrusion technology - which will compliment Marel’s global reach and digital platforms.

These online portals look set to be employed for new and attractive markets such as plant-based proteins, aquafeed and petfood, which require further processing, packaging, labelling, marketing and distribution. Wenger Manufacturing makes a strong strategic fit with an extensive product offering that includes equipment for extrusion, drying and power heating, adds Arni Sigurdsson, chief strategy Officer and EVP of Marel’s Strategic Business Units.

It will support the fourth pillar focus the Marel company has for new attractive end markets and make the company a more balanced business model when it is incorporated into its global reach and digital platform.

Some financial arrangements have still to be finalised, however the closing of the acquisition is expected to be completed before the end of June 2022.

NUTRITION & HEALTH control.

I find May to be a very productive time In fish this is not fully understood and more in the UK as it heralds the beginning of to learn. Functional control of a specific cell summer, and the sunny longer days seem receptor (Mc1r) which is highly expressed to stimulate my work patterns and when in fish skin and whose activation stimulates we also observe the renewal of nature with melanin production and melanosome dispersion plants springing to life and birdsong. in fish melanophores has been determined.

In fact, recently I have been a victim of too The activation due to stress and potential much sun over the years with the development factors such as intense sunlight of an epidermal solar keratosis which is an early Professor Simon Davies environmental would be interesting to assess. There are possible form of squamous cell carcinoma. My thinking of Nutrition Editor, International Aquafeed dietary factors that can enhance the production of all things dermal was on my mind when I wrote melanin and increase goblet cell secretions and last month’s April issue and I stated that fish were the quality of the mucous in fish such as β-glucans and MOS (Mannan ectoderms, really?

Oligosaccharides).

After teaching fish bioenergetics for over 30 years, of course I Fish unlike mammals have a very low ability to synthesise niacin meant to say ectotherms and that they are poikiolothermic animals. from tryptophan in the liver and so requirements must be met Apologies! Such are typos and errors when I write this column by dietary intake. Other vitamins are also deemed important for monthly and hover over the keyboard into the late hours. Who spotted skin health in fish such as vitamin C (collagen synthesis) and the my globally disseminated mistake?

I’m so glad that my eminent colleague Dr Sachi Kaushik was so alert supplementation of the trace element zinc.

Zinc plays an important part in key regulatory enzymes associated and pointed it out! with the immune system and wound healing mechanisms. Selenium We joked about it and his eagle-eyed sharpness to detail is to be would also be invaluable and especially in the organic complexed commended. I am pleased to say that my nasty lesion is under control form due to its well documented role in antioxidant enzymes such as and perhaps a mucous coated fish skin would be better for humans. glutathione peroxidase that are scavengers of free radical (reactive Sadly, maybe not! oxidative species, ROS).

Fish are also susceptible to sunburn and associated epidermal lesions.

These can be generated by UV interaction in tissues such as the fish This has been particularly reported for the rainbow trout (peel back skin epidermis. In fact, selenium is quite concentrated in fish skin and disease) affecting of course the dorsal area of the fish. Fish farms this fact is worthy of consideration. located in high altitudes such as in Colorado and mountains of Peru Given climate change, elevated temperatures, and more extended and Kurdistan for example have reported in the past, lesions where and intensive UV, it may therefore be pertinent to undertake much sunlight intensity is strong and there is less capacity for natural filtering more work on skin and the mucosal barrier in fish. Fish nutrition could accentuated previously with depletion of the Earth’s ozone layer. provide a means to improve the integrity and oxidative defences in Damage to the delicate epidermis of trout leads to erosion, necrosis fish, with better formulated diets to protect from solar induced damage and secondary bacterial as well as tertiary fungal infections appearing during production. as a grey sheen. Severe cases are distressing to fish and can result in On related matters, we know that warmer conditions are likely to mortality. Scarring and tissue erosion in surviving rainbow trout cause increase the risk of fish pathogens in general including greater threats lower market value if sold in the round as is often done at harvest. of bacterial infections. Work on both prebiotics and probiotics is The effect of UV on aquatic ecosystems and effects on fish such highly appropriate to advance our prophylactic strategies and I’m as rainbow trout was researched by Bullock in 1984 where the pleased to be involved with much progress to develop new products. histopathological changes of fish skin to UV irradiation was studied in Our work at the National University of Ireland Galway extends to detail. The effects were very similar to changes in human skin cells. trials for assessing novel products such as bacterial cell proteins, Many years ago, as a postdoctoral fellow in Idaho, I was based at functional feed additives and fatty acid enrichment of fish with algal the International Aquaculture Research Centre and the question of biomasses. This work is long term, and it takes months to perform how fish could be protected from excessive sunburn injury was raised. comprehensive fish feeding studies. The laboratory methods are Obviously more cover should be introduced to shield fish over the always improving for analysis and are becoming quite expensive concrete raceways. given the global situation.

However, during shoaling and their feeding frenzy, trout spend a This industry needs to have a continuing supply of talented significant time with their backs out of water or concentrate at high personnel for the scientific developments, technical skills, and density just a few centimeters below the water line. Intensive UV can business acumen. My colleague Dr Alex Wan, and I are keen to survey penetrate water to a good depth. Is it possible to mitigate the effects of the needs of the aquaculture and blue economy perspectives and high UV by understanding how nutrition can influence the skin in fish would appreciate your time to complete the link below. and in particular salmonids?

It will take just 10mins to complete and be very helpful to develop The melanin pigment giving fish their dark dorsal appearance the postgraduate level training requirements suited for aquaculture in and the spots on the flank of trout and salmon is quite protective in the future. this respect and so also is the mucous produced by the goblet cells.

Human capital in aquaculture and blue bioeconomy perspectives: The melanocortin system is a complex neuroendocrine signaling https://aqfeed.info/e/1423 mechanism involved in numerous physiological processes in Thank You vertebrates, including pigmentation, steroid production, and metabolic 4 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

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May 2022 Volume 25 Issue 5

IN THIS ISSUE

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

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The Aquaculture case study

42 Lice-resistant salmon

COLUMNS 3 Roger Gilbert

4 Professor Simon Davies 12 Brett Glencross

FEATURES 20 The 13th edition of the Monaco Blue Initiative 26 Insect-based fish feed

28 Boosting tilapia performance

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY 34 Exposed farming, cage FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY deformation & fish 38 Nanobubble technology in salmon farming: Using oxygen to revert anaerobic conditions and increase cultivation densities

THE BIG PICTURE The 13th edition of the Monaco Blue Initiative: Highlighting the need for a bold vision for ocean conservation and protection, while encouraging the finance sector to transition towards an ocean-positive economy See more on page 20

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BAP Hatchery finalises Standard Issue 2.0

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he final draft of Best Aquaculture Practices (BAP) Hatchery Standard Issue 2.0, recently published by the Global Seafood Alliance (GSA), includes a number of new requirements related to food safety, worker safety, water quality, effluent monitoring and traceability.

Issue 2.0 replaces Issue 1.0, which was initially adopted in September 2014. Issue 2.0 will go into effect on April 4, 2023, and all hatcheries pursuing certification or recertification won’t be required to be audited against Issue 2.0 until then, giving facilities time to prepare for the new requirements added to the standard.

It was subjected to 60 days of public comment that expired on November 8, 2021. A total of 27 comments were received. It applies to all aquaculture hatchery and nursery facilities for finfish, crustaceans and molluscs that produce eggs and/or juvenile aquatic animals for live transfer to other aquaculture facilities and to all species covered by the any BAP farm standards.

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ct V a i Bo m I s i t ot nt e u s h r n at 1. a 43 tio 2 na

l

A number of new requirements were added to the standard, including: Hatcheries are now required to conduct a risk assessment of potential human food-safety risks associated with their operations.

The worker-safety and employee-relations requirements

have been updated, including requirements for wages and benefits, working hours including overtime, voluntary labour, child labour and young workers, use of workers from recruitment agencies, discrimination, disciplinary procedures, worker voice, and worker health and safety.

The effluent monitoring parameters and limits for landbased systems have been updated and include unique parameters and limits for recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS).

The water-quality monitoring requirements for cages or net pens in fresh or brackish water have been revised, consistent with the approach adopted in the BAP Farm Standard Issue 3.0.

The BAP fish in fish out (FIFO) limits for hatcheries using more than 50 metric tons of dry feed per year have been revised, and a requirement to calculate the forage fish dependency ratio (FFDR) has been added.

Requirements for live feeds produced in hatchery operations have been added.

Hatcheries are required to control the sources of their broodstock/eggs via an effective internal auditing process.

Requirements to limit escape events were updated.

Traceability requirements, particularly those related to demonstrating BAP star status, were updated, and traceforward and trace-back exercises are now required.

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Pursuing goals that have significant impacts

Antonio Garza de Yta

A

And finally, the WAS in Mérida!

fter a long wait, a rescheduling, and many scares, finally the World Aquaculture Conference WA2021 will be held in Mérida from May 24 to 27, 2022. I do not think I can express in words what this event means personally, and I think that can represent for Mexico.

Personally, it is the culmination of a journey of more than 20 years in the World Aquaculture Society, where I hand over the presidency in my country, in an unbeatable setting, surrounded by the people I love and marking the end of a cycle, but the beginning of others that I will already be sharing with you.

But what is really important, what this event can represent for Mexico, I would base it on four main things. The first is that Mexico has the capacity to continue thinking big, and despite the fact that in many ways they try to instill in us that we cannot, the Mexican knows that yes, and that everything that is proposed in life, to through work and effort, it is possible.

The final consolidation of the Mexican Aquaculture Society (SOMEXACUA) is another great event. Finally, after so many years, I believe that there will be an organisation that represents the sector with dignity, and where members do not ask themselves what SOMEXACUA can do for them, but how they can contribute to the sector through it.

Today more than ever, at a time when opinions are more important than scientific facts, we have to be united and defend the sector, what we do and our vision of the world and of life through collaborative work – and pursue goals that have significant impacts on this and future generations.

We will also celebrate the 60th anniversary of INAPESCA, which I already wrote about in the previous edition, but I find it really essential to highlight this point, since we are living a moment in the country where the most important institution for fishing and aquaculture in the country is living moments that put their existence at risk, however unlikely it may seem.

Once again, I emphasise the importance of all of us being united, so that together we not only avoid its disappearance, but also achieve its reinvigoration.

Another great event is that within the framework of this event we will be able to celebrate many of those who have been pillars of aquaculture in Mexico. The WASSOMEXACUA awards will be presented, and for the first time in history, the aquaculture sector will recognise those who have built aquaculture in Mexico with sweat, effort, passion and perseverance.

Four categories will be awarded: The Karl Heinz Holtschmit Award for Academic Career, the Eric Pedersen Award for Innovation and Development, the Beatriz Eugenia Gómez Lepe Award for Industry and the Productive Sector, and the Margarita Lizárraga Award for Governance, Diffusion and Outreach.

For this unique occasion, multiple prizes will be awarded, since we have many years to go, it is important to celebrate in this great event and above all because if this pandemic has taught us anything, it is that we have to tell people what we love today, and not wait some chance later. After this event, only one prize will be awarded annually per category.

I close this column with sad news, I am informed at this moment that our friend Pedro Ulloa, companion of a thousand battles of INAPESCA, lost the fight against cancer.

Pedro, a lover of life, was an expert in fishing, but he always knew that the future of the sector was in aquaculture, we had that discussion thousands of times, and we will have it again one day.

Rest in peace my good friend, keep fishing wherever you are, we will miss you.

Antonio Garza de Yta, PhD in Aquaculture from Auburn University, President of Aquaculture without Frontiers, WAS President and creator of the Certification for Aquaculture Professional (CAP) Program. He is also the Spanish Editor of International Aquafeed Magazine and founder of the International Center for Strategic Studies for Aquaculture. He is currently Secretary of Fisheries and Aquaculture of the State of Tamaulipas.

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BioMar acquires intelligent feeding technology company

F

ollowing the successful entrance into the shrimp feed market, the board of BioMar approves the acquisition of AQ1 Systems, the world’s leading producer of acoustic feeding technology for the shrimp farming industry. With the investment, the company aims to accelerate the sustainability journey of the industry.

During the last years the company has intensified research and advisory services, embracing the complex interconnection between feed solutions, environment, and shrimp performance. Yet another step is being taken connecting the dots as BioMar has announced the acquisition of AQ1.

Strengthening the core feed business with innovative tech solutions launches a new chapter in the journey of the company. The aim is to create new synergies between farming technologies and feed solutions.

“We have a strong belief that we can bring together knowledge and tech innovation, offering new advantageous solutions to our customers improving feeding efficiency and sustainability,” explains Carlos Diaz, CEO BioMar Group.

“By optimising feeding practises, combining intelligent feeding systems, comprehensive analytics, advanced feed solutions, and effective farm management, we can take yet another step in the right direction.

“During the last years, we have seen, that the use of intelligent feeders in shrimp farming can optimise feed

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efficiency, production yield, and sustainability, when introduced along data-driven farm management. Adding BioMar feed solutions and technical knowledge to the equation opens new opportunities,” he continues.

AQ1 will continue as an independent company with its’ own commercial set-up, business systems, and distribution channels, servicing both BioMar customers and customers with other feed providers.

Existing AQ1 customers will not experience any changes to their service and agreements with AQ1.

“We very much look forward to the collaboration with BioMar and their parent company Schouw & Co who have significant investments in electronic and mechanical engineering,” adds Ross Dodd, Managing Director and founder of AQ1.

“We believe this will enable us to develop new markets and create value from an extensive combined knowledge base and global reach.

“At the same time, we have a mutual interest in supporting the growth of the industry. I am sure, the new alliance will open many possibilities for technological innovation, which will benefit farmers around the world.”

Ross Dodd will continue heading AQ1 after the acquisition.

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Brett Glencross Climate change or overfishing – facing up to our future threats

I

recently came across an interesting study examining the cumulative impacts of human activity on marine ecosystems which provided some striking clarity on the various threats to our oceans.

In this study by Halpern et al (2019) the authors examined the cumulative impact related to 14 different stressors (e.g., climate change, fishing, terrestrial pollution, etc) and how these impacted 21 different marine ecosystem types over an 11-year period (2003-2013).

The authors also modelled these impacts on a spatial basis to provide some geographic context to the threats. The results of the study provide clear and sobering perspective about the realities of human impact on our marine ecosystems. Predictably the authors found almost 60 percent of the world’s oceans are facing increasing (and cumulative) human impacts on each of the different ecosystems.

What was perhaps surprising though was the limited extent to which fishing was perceived as a threat to these different ecosystems. This contrasts much of the media dialogue of the ‘Seaspiracy’ threats associated with fishing and aquaculture, when the reality it appears is more one of a climate change induced heatwave driving nearly all the change.

Of the ecosystems examined in the Halpern et al study, the three most vulnerable; coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves

each reported almost zero impact associated with any of six different forms of fishing activity. The BIG threats being those of sea surface temperature and sea-level rise changes.

Taking note of this beyond the scientific models, I recently read further that Australia's Great Barrier Reef has yet again been devastated by another mass coral bleaching event (2).

It was reported that this was the fourth time in six years that such widespread bleaching has been observed whereas, prior to 2016, it had only been reported twice. So, the perceived threats are clearly not just perceived, but actually real events taking place around the world right now.

So, if climate change is our biggest threat for ecosystem stability and future food production, what impact is there from our ‘bluefood’ systems and how does this compare with the broader climate change stressors of terrestrial food production?

A recent study by Gephart et al (2021) published a series of comparisons of fishery and aquaculture impacts related to various stressors and observed that for the most part greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per tonne of edible food for aquaculture was less than that of chicken production, whereas fishing on average was just slightly higher.

Notably though GHG emissions from small pelagic fisheries (e.g., anchovies) were among the lowest of all activities, bettered only by seaweed, bivalves and production of some carp species.

So, if small pelagic fish represent not only an important nutritious resource, but are also one of our better options in mitigating climate change, surely sustaining their use makes both nutritional and climate sense?

References

1. Halpern, B. S., Frazier, M., Afflerbach, J., Lowndes, J. S., Micheli, F., O’Hara, C., ... & Selkoe, K. A. (2019). Recent pace of change in human impact on the world’s ocean.

Scientific reports, 9(1), 1-8.

2. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-60870239 3. Gephart, J. A., Henriksson, P. J., Parker, R. W., Shepon, A., Gorospe, K. D., Bergman, K., ... & Troell, M. (2021). Environmental performance of blue foods. Nature, 597(7876), 360-365.

Figure 1: Damage like that of coral bleaching from climate change is a far greater threat than fishing to marine ecosystems

Dr Brett Glencross is the Technical Director of IFFO - The Marine Ingredients Organisation.

Over the past 25 years he has worked in various academic, institutional, and industrial roles across Australasia, the Middle East and Europe.

12 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

PRODUCTIVITY

NUTRITION

NOURISH PROTECT SUSTAIN

PERFORMANCE

PROTECTION

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Irish seafood economy enjoys record growth

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n its annual Business of Seafood Report, Bord Iascaigh Mhara (BIM) announces that the Irish seafood economy grew by 15% in 2021, to EUR€1.26bn/US$1.32bn (EUR€1 ~US$1.05).

Despite the dual challenges of Brexit and Covid-19, the industry recovered from the trading difficulties experienced in 2020, with a growth in GDP of 15.3% year-on-year – the highest value seen since 2016. This growth was driven by strong exports to the EU and Asia increasing the total value by 11 percent - to EUR€674m.

Foodservice purchases of seafood in Ireland increased by 12% in 2021, following from a decline of 53% in 2020.

Domestic consumption grew by 3% to €418m, while the seafood balance of trade (exports – imports) also grew by 45%, driven by the strong export growth, particularly in EU markets. Overall investment in the sector increased during 2021 to €454m (+8%), showing renewed confidence.

BIM chief executive Jim O’Toole says that the sector had proven to be highly resilient and innovative, “The key insights from this report are the sector’s success in both identifying and driving opportunities in different markets along with an increase in value for some categories.”

“While Brexit, and the additional impacts of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement [agreed between the EU and the UK] reduced quotas for key species, Government support along with private investment helped mitigate some of these impacts,” adds Mr O’Toole.

“The industry continues to adapt, for example in the seafood-tech sector there are now over fifty companies employing more than 700 people from disciplines including engineering, fintech and marketing and we have seen turnover more than double in the past few years.

“Although we have seen significant growth last year there are further challenges now being encountered with cost increases for fuel, energy, and materials as a result of the conflict in Ukraine. Support to the industry to help withstand this economic shock will undoubtedly be required.”

Mitigating the impact of Covid-19, Brexit & Ukraine Seafood consumption grew by three percent in 2021, driven by a partial recovery in the domestic hospitality sector. For much of 2021 the hospitality sector was severely hampered in its operations due to Covid-19 health restrictions, but it did grow by 12% as these eased into the summer. Normal operating conditions should see strong growth and recovery in 2022.

While the volume of produced Irish organic salmon remained stable in 2021, the value decreased by 14%.

This was due to increased international supply of organic salmon by competitor countries such as Norway and Scotland.

The reopening of the foodservice sectors internationally led to strong price growth in shellfish species such as crab, lobster, shrimp and razor clams - with prices increasing over 20%.

Under the Trade and Cooperation Agreement there were substantial transfers of fish quotas from the EU to the UK. Ireland was heavily impacted by these quota transfers resulting in a reduction of volumes landed by Irish vessels of seven percent. Despite this, total value of Irish landings grew by 2% driven by higher prices.

Brexit also introduced a change in trading patterns.

Previously the UK had been the main source of seafood imports into Ireland. During 2021 there has been a shift away from sourcing from the UK. The EU is now the main import market for the first time, with the value of imports from the UK dropping by 57%.

Investment in the sector In 2021, Government investment in the seafood sector continued to grow, amounting to EUR€232m, an increase of 11%. Support from the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) along with national investment programmes contributed to a wide range of projects across all parts of the industry.

Private investment, after falling quite significantly in 2020, increased by EUR€23m (+5%), totalling EUR€221m, reflecting the ambition of the sector as it emerged from many challenges.

Employment in the sector also remained stable in 2021 despite the hurdles encountered. A total of some 16,650 people were employed directly and indirectly, an increase in overall employment of one percent.

This comprised 8700 employed directly in fisheries, aquaculture and processing, with a further 8000 in downstream employment in ancillary and support sectors.

The price of marine diesel has increased by almost 150% since the start of the Ukrainian crisis, while the price of materials and equipment has also increased steeply.

Coming so soon after the economic shocks of Covid-19 and Brexit, the resilience of the sector is going to be tested to the full during 2022 and beyond. It will require a collective effort from the industry, backed with financial and technical support, to withstand this new challenge and remain profitable.

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ermaq’s iFarm project, which seeks to incorporate artificial intelligence and machine learning to provide a more detailed overview of farmed fish health and welfare, has overseen the success of testing a sorting mechanism to sort fish in a pen.

The project, which is a collaboration between BioSort, Cermaq and ScaleAQ, recently tested a sorter, developed

by BioSort, which has the capacity to sort and separate individual fish based on specific characteristics. The aim of sorting is to be able to remove fish that need a follow up, to ensure the overall health of fish in the pen is better.

The sorter has been in developments for two years and is controlled by underwater electric motors. The testing took place at BioSort’s lab and pool at their offices in Oslo, before moving onto the sea outside Oslo, and finally being installed and tested in net pens at Cermaq’s sea site Vesterålen, in Northern Norway.

"To my knowledge, no one has previously sorted swimming fish in a net pen before, so this is a big step towards individual-based handling of fish," says Geir Stang Hauge, Managing Director, BioSort.

"The purpose of this first test was to show that the sorter actually manages to sort swimming fish in a net pen, and it worked as we hoped, so it was a successful test," he adds.

Looking to the future, there are hopes that the sorter will move from manual control to autonomous so, combined with the sensor system in iFarm, it will be able to make its own decisions.

"Now that we have shown that it is possible to sort out swimming fish, the work will be intensified. The development team takes the learnings from this test to the development of the next generation prototype of the sorter that will be able to function under even more conditions,” Mr Hauge concludes.

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International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 17

Aquaculture

Training Live, online & globally recognised How to gain an aquafeed production qualification without leaving the comfort of your own home or office With soaring prices, the war at the eastern border of Europe, together with the slow end of a three year long worldwide pandemic situation – we are all faced with a great degree of uncertainty in all of our lives.

As world markets continue to tighten, so too does the competition for jobs in the animal feed production industry, making this the best time to sure up your CV by adding a globally recognised industry specific qualification.

April 2022 sees the long-awaited return of both the Online Aquafeed Production School course for its Spring 2022 edition, which sees a new, improved and updated online bunch of broadcasts.

Developed by Progressus Agrischools and presented in partnership with Perendale Publishers Limited, this course is tailored to help attendees to build an understanding of the design, development, and operation of an aquafeed and livestock feed production plant, covering the entire range of products used in this industry.

This goal is achieved through twelve two hour long weekly sessions featuring industry experts who share their extensive knowledge relating to feed ingredients, the equipment used, as well as providing a general nutritional review. This is then followed by a dedicated question and answer session, allowing participants to interact live with the program facilitators.

These carefully selected experienced industry operators, who possess centuries of combined front-line service between them, includes Joe Kearns, who alone has spent decades in senior roles at Wenger Manufacturing.

Wisdom & reliability The Spring 2022 edition of Online Aquafeed Production School sees Mr Kearns take over the role of lead presenter, a role that he will no doubt deliver with the same level of professionalism that has seen him earn a solid reputation throughout his career for wisdom and reliability.

Online Aquafeed Production School will enable interested individuals to understand the possibilities and developments over time with regards to what can be produced, as well as examining how all aspects of the process interact in order to achieve and maintain a successful standard of aquafeed production.

Basically, there are four areas of importance for aquafeed production; ingredients, equipment used, how it is operated, and the desired final product specifications. All aspects interact as each affects the other as the nutritionist makes the formula, sales or the customers define the desired end product while the production needs to perform efficiently.

Communication between these areas and the interactions between them will vastly increase the chances of producing positive results, including excellent aquafeed produced with acceptable margins.

Sessions 1 & 2 recap The first edition of this long-awaited new series seeks to provide attendees with an ‘Overview of the Aquafeed Process’. Introduced by the able presenting duo of Messieurs Christodoulou and Gilbert, this was split into four main parts.

The first of these segments sees Mian Ruiz Texas A&M University broach the subject of the ‘Different Types of Aquafeeds. Mr Riaz’s teaching is then followed by the first of Joe Kearns’ contributions titled, ‘Typical Equipment used in Aquafeed Production and Raw material Requirements and Effects’.

Mr Kearns then returns to host a new section ‘Useful Troubleshooting Tips’, which this week focuses on raw materials – including aspects such as starch content, changeover time in storage and the ‘after ripening factor’.

The fourth and final segment of this sessions sees all but Mr Riaz return to tackle the weekly live Q&A session, with all of the questions asked by the audience answered in full – with Mr Kearns even answering some shortly after they had been answered.

Delivered under the title of ‘Starting the Process: Ingredient Receiving, Bulk Storage’ the first address of the second session sees Mr Kearns tackle the subject of ‘Nutrition, Formula, Considerations for Aquafeed Production and Ingredient Receiving’. The lists of related subjects covered includes ingredient sources & specifications, starch in formulation and the differences between coated feeds.

The second section of the second session sees Giuseppe R Bigliani, President of Feed Technology Solutions, Engormix provide a ‘Detailed Review of Ingredient Handling – Part 1’. With nearly four decades of experience in the design, installation, operation and administration of projects related with the Agri-business, focusing on feed and food processing plants, Mr Bigliani provides a very comprehensive overview of this subject.

It’s not too late to enrol Although this season has already started, all sessions are available on demand for two weeks following the final broadcast – with this option included for all attendees at no extra cost.

The Aquafeed Production School is running every Tuesday, from April 19 to July 12, 2pm Bangkok time and 9am CET. For those based in the US and Latin America, sessions begin on April 21 and conclude on July 15, 9am Chicago time.

The course certification is very beneficial for the workplace, as it both signals an attendee’s interest in the industry and demonstrates an acquisition of the knowledge that they’ve gained whilst attending the program.

To enrol on the Aquafeed Production School course, be sure to visit https://aqfeed.info/e/1393 for more information.

18 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

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THE 13TH EDITION OF THE MONACO BLUE INITIATIVE Highlighting the need for a bold vision for ocean conservation and protection, while encouraging the finance sector to transition towards an ocean-positive economy

by Dr Thierry Chopin

I

Group photo of the participants in the 13th Monaco Blue Initiative in front of the entrance of the Oceanographic Institute in Monaco (photo credit: Monaco Blue Initiative).

n his welcome address to the 13th edition of the Monaco Blue Initiative (MBI), on March 21, 2022, HSH Prince Albert II of Monaco reminded approximately 180 participants (140 in-person, gathered at the Oceanographic Institute in Monaco, and 40 attending virtually) that “Whatever way we see our future, the ocean plays a key role. A role made up of tension and contradiction which are intrinsic to our world and which we need to

address.”

This was followed by a keynote speech from HE Mr. John Kerry (Special Presidential Envoy for Climate, USA), who mentioned that “You cannot solve the climate crisis without addressing the problems of the ocean and you cannot solve the problems of the ocean without solving the crisis of climate.”

The next keynote speaker, Mr. Huang Runqiu (Minister of Ecology and Environment, People’s Republic of China) called for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, strengthening marine governance and working together to promote blue economy sectors.

The last speaker of the opening session, Mr. Vincent Van Quickenborne (Vice-Prime Minister of Belgium and Minister of Justice and the North Sea) indicated that 2022 has the potential to be the ‘Year of the Ocean’ if several conferences throughout the year deliver concrete progress, notably on the target of 30% protection of the ocean through a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) and other effective area-based conservation measures by 2030.

The MBI thinktank – comprised of members from the scientific, non-governmental organisation, industrial, decision-making, influencing, indigenous, local, governmental, philanthropic,

corporate, financial and civil society communities – spent the remainder of the day proactively debating during three thematic sessions and a fourth one providing updates regarding multilateral international processes and conferences.

All sessions were moderated by Ms. Yalda Hakim (Chief Presenter and International Correspondent, BBC World News).

This was a departure from previous editions of the MBI, when moderators were generally from a similar background as the panelists, sometimes making it challenging to distinguish between the moderator and the panelists. For this edition, the moderator also had a journalistic background.

Born in Afghanistan, Ms. Hakim and her family fled the country during the Soviet-Afghan War, when she was six months old. The family spent two years in Pakistan before settling in Australia.

Coming to Monaco, after three weeks in Ukraine, she indicated she knew very little about ocean issues, but she impressed everybody with her quick learning skills. She was also very good at initiating the discussion among panelists and at redirecting questions to them. This was most impressive and may support that this formula should be kept.

Session 1: The need for a new bold vision for ocean conservation: raising the ambition in the face of emerging challenges

Before hearing from the panelists, the keynote speaker, Ms. Teresa Ribera Rodríguez (Third Vice-President of the Government of Spain and Minister for Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge) emphasised strengthening the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), designating additional maritime areas in the Antarctic, and

20 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

putting a microplastic treaty in place as soon as possible.

Building on successes and failures in ocean conservation, and major challenges to come, panelists reflected on what is needed to step up the ambition for ocean protection in the next decade and beyond.

Ms. Minna Epps (Director Global Marine and Polar Programme, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Switzerland) underscored the need for pragmatic mechanisms, resources for MPAs and the need for legally binding instruments in international treaties.

Ms. Leticia Carvalho (Principal Coordinator, Marine and Freshwater Branch, UN Environment Programme, Kenya) reiterated support for the 30x30 target (30% protection by 2030), cautioning against “paper parks” and highlighting the need to include local communities in decision making and management.

HE Ms. Helen Ågren (Ambassador-at-large, Ocean Affairs at Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Sweden) said that the ocean should, in fact, be 100% protected, with potential users required to prove their activities will not cause environmental harm.

Mr. Tommy Melo (Co-founder Biosfera for the Conservation of Nature, Republic of Cabo Verde) cautioned that the creation of an MPA, without the inclusion of local communities, can lead to negative outcomes if the communities lose their livelihoods.

Session 2: Ocean protection – everyone’s business.

Building on best practices and success stories to scale up the sustainable blue economy

Session 2 started with a most interesting and inspiring keynote speech by The Honorable Minister Mr. Jean-François Ferrari (Designated Minister & Minister for Fisheries and the Blue Economy, The Republic of the Seychelles). Full of common

Panelists of Session 3 (L-R): Lucy Holmes, Karen Sack, Elsa Palanza, Bertrand Badré, Sylvie Goulard and Marisa Drew (by video conference) with moderator Yalda Hakim (photo credit: Thierry Chopin).

sense, and very pragmatic, Minister Ferrari told the audience that “We don’t have to wait for the rest of the world; we can do it.

The rising sea level threatens the whole existence of our country. We need to continue developing, we have a nation to build. The dilemma remains how to reconcile sustainable use of the ocean and the need for development. Conservation alone cannot feed my people. But blue economy development could be a solution... We need global discussions, but the solutions need to be concrete and local.”

I had a great discussion with Minister Ferrari during the lunch break (one thing that the MBI is so great at facilitating). I believe Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is the type of practice that would be entirely compatible with what they are planning for the Seychelles.

The panelists explored how it is in every company’s interest, even if they are not directly connected to the ocean, to contribute to the protection and sustainable use of ocean resources, keeping in mind that beyond the protection of 30 % of the ocean by 2030, 100% of the ocean needs to be sustainably managed.

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Mr. Chuck Fox (Executive Director, Oceans5, USA) stressed the need to reduce fishing, in general, and that he deplores unregulated fishing. Both political and local leadership need to be present.

Dr. Diva Amon (Director, SpeSeas, Trinidad and Tobago) voiced her opposition to oil and gas exploitation, and to deep seabed mining, for the blue economy to be sustainable. Time needs to be made available to listen to ocean-dependent people and place them in the driving seat of solutions.

Dr. Tiago Pitta e Cunha (CEO, Oceano Azul Foundation and Member of the Board of Directors of Oceanario de Lisboa, Portugal) called for innovations in battery technology to avoid dependency on lithium. He endorsed more investment in the ocean, stronger ocean governance and the need to value ecosystem services.

Mr. Hervé Gastinel (CEO, Ponant, France) highlighted the commitments of his cruise company to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, eliminate single-use plastics and recycle wastes.

Interestingly, the Blue Climate Summit, in May 2022, will take place on board one of the Ponant ships, the Paul Gauguin, in the Society Islands (Tahiti, Moorea and Raiatea).

I participated in the ensuing discussion by pointing out that the Blue Economy should be greener and, for that reason, we should be talking about the Turquoise Economy (often more reflective of the colour of the sea than blue anyway!). To this point, the conference had mentioned fisheries, deep sea mining, and plastics, but was mute about aquaculture. If some aquaculture practices need to change, aquaculture can be sustainable, and participate in the decarbonisation of this world, particularly through Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA).

I have been talking about ecosystem services, circular economy, nutrient credits (to go beyond just carbon taxes) for quite a while, beginning before they were in fashion. But, if we want to implement all of that, we will have to look at circular pathways instead of linear processes, for the long term versus the short term, and at multi-trophic levels versus monocultural approaches.

Moreover, we have been told that after Covid-19, there will be a new normal and nothing will Welcome address of HSH Prince be as before. Well, unfortunately, Albert II of Monaco (photo it appears that we are looking at credit: Thierry Chopin). quick fixes with magical silver bullets.

Let’s take the example of the dead zone off the delta of the Mississippi River… where some people are suggesting that we grow seaweeds, and more seaweeds, and the problem will be solved! As much as I like to grow seaweeds, we need to address the issue correctly: the drainage basin of the Mississippi is more than half of the area of the USA. Keynote speech of The Hon. Minister Mr. Jean-François Ferrari So, are we considering treating (photo credit: Thierry Chopin). the problems at the sources (modifying agriculture and other sectors’ practices) or looking for bandage solutions and just continuing to change the bandages (harvesting seaweeds), without addressing the problems at their core in order to properly solve them?

Session 3: Blue finance – how to accelerate the transition to an ocean-positive economy?

The session started with two keynote speeches from Ms. Leila Chikhaoui (Environment Minister, Tunisia) and Ms. Andrea Meza Murillo (Minister of Environment and Energy, Costa-Rica). They both highlighted the importance of the ocean to address climate goals and protect biodiversity, and that the 30x30 goal creates jobs and stimulates the economy.

Similar to last year’s session 3 (“From blue economy to blue finance”), this year’s session 3 was very interesting, with a thought-provoking discussion among the panelists and with the audience.

Ms. Karen Sack (Executive Director, Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance, USA) said that banks and insurers should ensure that they are financing activities that do not harm the ocean and coastal people (e.g. bottom trawling and seabed mining). She invited the private sector to commit to net zero and invest in the ocean.

Ms. Elsa Palanza (Global Head of Sustainability and Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance, Barclays, UK) indicated that trillions of dollars are waiting to be invested, but that they should be channeled properly. Banks are changing, taking responsibility for stewarding the transition to a low carbon economy, and she hopes that the ocean can be integrated into existing work on climate risk.

Ms. Sylvie Goulard (Second Deputy Governor, Banque de France, France) added a reality check by acknowledging that, if the financial sector is progressing in the right direction, and the awareness of nature and climate risk is growing, much remains to be done to factor the climate into macroeconomic modelling and analyses.

She urged civil society and scientists to trigger a change in mindset to push the financial sector toward integrating biodiversity-related risks and actions on climate change and the ocean in its operations.

Mr. Bertrand Badré (Managing Partner and Founder, Blue like an Orange Sustainable Capital, France) mentioned that finance is a tool, not the solution. He highlighted the need to work within the existing system to change it, and the need to provide incentives to the financial sector to move capital into climate and ocean protection.

Ms. Lucy Homes (Senior Programme Manager, Seafood Finance WWF, USA and UK) highlighted the need to also value risk in the ocean economy. She underscored the market risk created by customers, which pressures retailers to seek out more sustainable products.

Ms. Marisa Drew (Advisor in Blue Finance, UK) said that putting a price on harmful activities will be critical to ensure that capital flows to more sustainable activities. It is important that investors be convinced that they can generate returns in order to get them to invest in the ocean economy.

The ensuing discussion brought some interesting points and issues: - The finance and insurance sectors can help stop non sustainable activities and eliminate harmful subsidies. Transparent disclosure will be paramount for that to happen.

- Biodiversity, biosensitivity and bioequity could be part of profitability.

- Now that we know better, we need to do better, including derisking investments.

- We need action, not because it is nice, but because it means making money.

- We need a faster redirection of capital (but let’s be careful not to be subjugated by the latest, hyped, elevator speech and

22 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

potential misdirection of capital).

- Creating a livelihood insurance for fishers to ensure they do not fish in a destructive manner.

- People are starting to realise that a live whale, or live shark, is worth more than a dead one.

- It is not easy to put a value on nature. It could also be dangerous to attempt to do so.

I have the impression that at last year’s edition of the MBI, there was a kind of excitement because the finance sector had finally responded and was joining the effort to protect the ocean and address climate issues. There was also an understanding of the need to shift from targeted, short-term philanthropic support to financing for long-term sustainability, equitable partnerships, profitability and resilience, particularly of local coastal communities as joint ocean custodians.

Blended funds with the right combination of public, philanthropic and financial sources of funding seemed to be a model worth developing. Targeted government regulations and incentives (credits, taxes and valuation of ecosystem services) would be necessary to make the reward-to-risk ratio more compelling.

I believe that this year people realised that all this is not easy to implement, and that the methodology for giving a price to the loss of biodiversity, habitats and ecosystems is not yet developed.

Science still has to be translated into a narrative for investors.

Scientific data to guide financial decision making and provide the enabling conditions for nature-based investments and financial innovations are still lacking.

Moreover, we need to clarify whether we are talking about value to us, humans, because we think that we are the centre of the universe, or to nature, because we recognise that we are only

one component of it, but the future of the ocean is also the future of humanity (the One Health concept).

Values are starting to be established for emotional/ iconic species, such as whales, sharks and rhinoceros. However, are Keynote speech of HE Mr. we able to give a value to John Kerry (photo credit: a little-known sea worm, Thierry Chopin). for example, that would be a keystone species for the bioturbation of sediments and would provide significant ecosystem services not yet well-understood and recognised?

Progresses are being made in understanding the values of saltmarshes, seagrasses and mangroves; much remains to be done to value appropriately The moderator for seaweeds (aquacultured or all the sessions of the 13th Monaco Blue from wild resources) and Initiative, Yalda Hakim the ecosystem services they (photo credit: Thierry Chopin). provide.

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Final session: Ocean updates

In his keynote speech, Dr. Ricardo Serrão Santos (Minister of Maritime Affairs, Portugal) stressed the importance of knowledge to inform citizens. He believes that the post-pandemic period will represent an opportunity to redefine our models of economic development, our behaviours and our lifestyles.

Unfortunately, as mentioned above, I am afraid that the pursuit of unrealistic quick fixes could, in fact, reveal an escape mechanism to avoid addressing problems at their sources and an unconfessed desire to return to the old normal and the apparent comfort of the status quo.

Dr. Joachim Claudet (Research Director, French National Centre for Scientific Research, France) reported on negotiations regarding the High Seas and the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) treaty, advocating for the high seas to become a de facto protected area, and reconceptualising the ocean as a global common.

Mr. Ashok Adicéam (Special Advisor to the French Ambassador for the Poles and Maritime Issues, France) reported on the One Ocean Summit, which had recently taken place in Brest, France. He mentioned the need to preserve biodiversity, stop the overexploitation of marine resources, reduce pollution and fight climate change with better ocean governance.

Ms. Sabine Jessen (Secretariat Executive Director, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canada) reported on the fifth International Marine Protected Areas Conference (IMPAC5) to be hosted in Canada during the fall of 2022, and which will chart the course towards the 30x30 goal.

Ms. Elizabeth Maruma Mrema (Executive Secretary, Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Canada) indicated that the global biodiversity framework, expected to be agreed to at the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15), will contain many ocean-related elements.

Closing addresses and concluding remarks

In his closing address, Mr. Robert Calcagno (CEO, Oceanographic Institute, Prince Albert I of Monaco Foundation, Monaco) recognised that there is still a long way to go to effectively protect the ocean, but that progresses are being made.

Corporations, investors and bankers could have a decisive role to play in orienting resource management and in achieving the SDGs objectives.

I was delighted to hear Mr. Calcagno praising the seaweed sector as an industry that can provide sustainable solutions to ocean-based problems, at the end of his closing remarks. This year was the seventh MBI I have attended, and I can measure the progress made since 2016, when I gave a presentation on seaweed aquaculture and its integration in IMTA to optimise systems within a circular economy approach, at the 7th MBI in São Paulo, Brazil.

We are, indeed, progressing, and talking about monetising the value of ecosystem services and biodiversity no longer seems that eccentric (I was already talking about nutrient trading credits, i.e. beyond carbon tax, and the Turquoise Revolution in 2016).

Great! However, it will be important to not just have a seaweed moment, but to develop a seaweed momentum. To do that, it will be necessary to reduce the rhetoric and the hype we are reading on seaweeds, particularly on social media.

One of the many benefits of the Monaco Blue Initiative is the opportunities it provides for meeting people from very different sectors. From my conversations with four of the six panelists of Session 3, a wavering reaction to the new newbies, the bluebies, is starting to develop. All of these risk misdirecting investments and reducing demand for specific research and technological

Thierry Chopin participating in the discussion period of Session 2 (photo credit: Monaco Blue Initiative).

development needed to increase our understanding of seaweeds’ contributions to food systems, many other applications, and the ecosystem services they provide that could contribute to solving parts of the issues associated with climate change.

Mr. Olivier Wenden (Vice-President and CEO, Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation, Monaco) emphasised that new partnerships and success stories mentioned during the day are proof that a different way to benefit from ocean resources is emerging. Financial actors will be key, as SDG 14 (life below water) remains one of the least funded of the SDGs. Another way to look at it is to consider that many ocean-related activities contribute to more than to one SDG. For example, seaweeds, cultivated in IMTA systems, provide a variety of ecosystem services and contribute to at least 11 of the 17 SDGs (SDGs 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 17).

Finally, with the present situation in Ukraine and Russia, and with the prolonged effects of Covid-19, one has to admit that there are a lot of questions surrounding achieving what was planned as a busy agenda for the ocean in 2022: the United Nations Ocean Conference in June, the CBD and COP 15 in the fall, and a new international treaty on BBNJ at the end of the year.

All of that could be jeopardised by the crises the world is presently experiencing, when environmental and climate issues seem to have lost their priorities and urgency to be addressed and resolved by a consensus among willing nations.

Unfortunately, in times when the worldwide situation deteriorates, these priorities appear to be the luxury problems of the haves, despite the looming urgency. The impeding impacts on the wheat and sunflower productions in Ukraine, along with their complex worldwide supply chains, seem to be overlooked when tanks roar through the fertile breadbasket of the world.

HSH Prince Albert II of Monaco exhorted us to remain bold to achieve our ambitious goals for a healthy ocean. “Despite the challenge and concerns, the current situation must not cause to neglect ocean matters, quite the opposite. We have to believe in the future, in dialogue and progress: in regard to the oceans and world major issues like climate and biodiversity we must reaffirm the importance of shared visions based on collective values towards the common good for both current and future generations.”

Dr. Thierry Chopin is Professor of Marine Biology, and Director of the Seaweed and Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture Research Laboratory, at the University of New Brunswick in Canada. He is also the President of Chopin Coastal Health Solutions Inc. (since 2016) and of Turquoise Revolution Inc. (since 2022).

24 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

Insect-based fish feed

Promoting sustainable aquaculture through nutritional strategies based on new technologies & ingredients

T

by Sabas de Diego, CTO, Tebrio, Spain

he aquaculture industry has long been looking for new sources of feed to reduce dependence on processed fishmeal. And among the alternatives being considered, insects are emerging as one of the most sustainable and beneficial options available.

Last March, Tebrio presented at the Aquafuture fair in Santiago de Compostela (Spain) a revolutionary product, extracted from the mealworm, which strengthens the immune system of fish during their growth stage. And also improves their metabolic activity as it is digestible by more than 90 percent.

This product, which Tebrio markets under the name :oProtein, is being analysed in the scientific research program Acuisost, an initiative of the Acuiplus cluster in which Tebrio participates.

The objective of this research is to promote the sustainability of aquaculture through the implementation of nutritional strategies based on new ingredients and technological additives for fish feed.

Acuisost has taken as a reference sample rainbow trout for freshwater farming and sea bream in the marine environment.

And in both cases, the results point out that fish fed with insects develop more robustly, show a lower degree of stress and are more resistant to the pathogens they find in the water, which means they need fewer antibiotics.

Impact on metabolism

It has also been concluded that insect meal in aquaculture feed has a significant impact on the metabolic activity of the species studied. Specifically, it reduces the consumption of energy that the animals need to synthesise amino acids and proteins in their

Biotech Tebrio has developed a protein ingredient rich in amino acids that boosts the development of juveniles at a critical time in their growth. :oProtein is a 100 percent natural product obtained from the tenebrio molitor insect and used in the manufacture of aquaculture feed for freshwater and marine species.

Amongst many other advantages, it reduces significantly the use of processed fishmeal, which makes it a sustainable alternative that helps reduce overfishing. growth stage, which indirectly improves the immune system.

The protein ingredient developed by Tebrio has a crude protein concentration of over 72%. And its ratio between digestible protein and crude protein by pepsic digestion is over 90%.

Laboratory results also show that this product has less than 7% fat and less than 5% ash. :oProtein is designed to promote the development of fry and juveniles at a critical time in their growth, because in addition to being rich in amino acids, it has a much better oleic profile than any other alternative to fishmeal. We could say that in the aquaculture sector it is a component equivalent to those we use in the formula milk that humans give to newborns.

Boosting immunity

Another study carried out by Greek and Italian scientists from the Hellenic Center for Marine Research and the Universities of Turin and Naples points in the same direction: the insect diet influences the growth of fish and also their immune system.

In this case, the research was carried out on juvenile sea bass fed for six weeks with mealworm protein. Broadly speaking, the study concludes that this ingredient added to the feed had significant anti-inflammatory effects in the population analysed, with both the antibacterial activity of lysozyme and the inhibition of trypsin significantly higher.

This implies that these insects have an immunostimulant effect and promote antiparasitic activity. In other words, they increase the resistance of fish to certain diseases.

26 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

The same is true for the Pacific white shrimp. This species is one of the most commercialised in aquaculture worldwide. And in captivity it has a high rate of early mortality.

The study conducted in 2019 by Bangkok University revealed that tenebrio molitor meal improved growth and feed conversion of shrimp. And that the optimum performance was achieved by replacing 50 percent of the fish meals included in the feed.

On an immunological level, the population under study had a higher survival rate to early death syndrome and a lower rate of immunosuppression. Most likely due to insect chitin and other biofuels that counteract pathogenic infections.

Finally, another research conducted with juvenile catfish reached the same conclusion. Four diets were formulated with 9, 18 and 27 grams of tenebrio molitor meal per 100 grams of feed. And those specimens fed with at least 25 percent of insects developed a significantly higher resistance to the bacterium Edwardsiella ictaluri, responsible for enteric septicemia.

A sustainable & natural alternative

Traditionally, the aquaculture sector has used fishmeal as the main source of protein to produce its feed, but due to the overexploitation of the marine environment, this alternative alone will soon become unsustainable. Mainly because to obtain one kilo of fish in captivity requires four kilos of marine catches, which are then converted into feed.

The other existing option until now was vegetable meals, which are much cheaper and more abundant than processed fish meal.

However, these have a very lower amino acid profile than the protein offered by insects.

Aquaculture is one of the activities that has brighter future, because it can still continue to grow in a sustainable way. Nevertheless, we need to introduce new products that guarantee its long-term sustainability, since we cannot depend only on offshore catches.

According to data provided by the United Nations, in 15 years there will be a serious food problem in the world if we do not change our production model at a global level, since the population will have doubled, and we will not have more resources than those that already exist.

Therefore, the importance of identifying sustainable alternatives and acting as soon as possible.

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International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 27

BOOSTING TILAPIA PERFORMANCE Preventing oxidative stress with organic selenium yeast

P

by Otavio S Castro, Global Species Manager Aquaculture, Phileo by Lesaffre, Singapore.

Dr Thiago FA Silva, Professor, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta – UFDPar, Parnaíba PI, Brazil.

Dr Fabiana Pilarski, Professor and Researcher, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal SP, Brazil.

Dr Gustavo Bozano, Director, PartnerFish & Aqualagus consulting, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil. hysiological stress is one of the main contributing factors of disease outbreaks and reduced performances in the production of tilapia. Compared to the production of land animals, there are only a limited number of practical and costeffective disease treatment methods for aquaculture.

Therefore, good stress management practices are an integral part of preventing disease outbreaks early on, while limiting the chances of resorting to curative treatments.

This article discusses the application of Selsaf, Phileo’s organic selenium-enriched yeast, as an efficient functional feed ingredient to mitigates oxidative stress, boost antioxidant defenses and maximise production performances of tilapia.

physiological pro-oxidative responses. These responses are characterised by high levels of oxidative molecules that cannot be counteracted in the cells by the fish. Elevated amounts of oxidants (free radicals and reactive oxygen species, ROS) result in the oxidation of cellular components such as lipids, proteins and DNA. In turn, this affects animal health and performance by reducing

The effects of stress

Adverse farming conditions and the stress that results from them are common in the production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Factors such as water quality, including high temperature, ammonia, and low dissolved oxygen levels, as well as erratic weather events linked to climate change, algae blooms, high stocking density, low quality diets, or pollution, can all lead to acute or chronic stress in fish.

Stressful conditions tend to increase vulnerability to pathogens and parasites, thereby promoting

Figure 1: Serum activity of Nile tilapia lysozyme after 60 days of Selsaf® seleniumenriched yeast, Procreatin 7® yeast probiotic, Safmannan® yeast postbiotic, Selsaf® + Procreatin 7®, and Selsaf® + Safmannan®, before and after 8 and 24 hours of challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. Bars indicate means and different letters above bars indicate significant differences between treatments at the same sampling time (p < 0.05).

Figure 2: Anterior region of the intestine of Nile tilapia fed with yeast products for 90 days. Control group (A), Selsaf® selenium-enriched yeast (B). Arrows indicate goblet cells at the edge of the villi. Periodic acid–Schiff staining. Source: Silva 2019.

28 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

feeding activity, impairing digestion, growth, and weakening immune and reproductive systems. Subsequently, the effects of stress on the health, performance, and product quality at harvest can ultimately lead to substantial economic losses for tilapia farmers.

Fish can naturally cope with oxidative stress using compensatory mechanisms that protect their physiological stability – so-called homeostasis. However, the ability to maintain homeostasis under conditions of stress is highly variable between individuals and their genetic strain, biological stage, and health status.

More importantly, these mechanisms also demand high levels of energy as well as some essential micronutrients including Selenium that must be provided in the diet.

The role of selenium

Figure 3: Combined supplementation of Safmannan® and Selsaf® improves tilapia survival during a thermal challenge and its recovery period.

Selenium is an essential micronutrient for the healthy development of fish which supports growth, development, and maintenance of the immune system.

It is a key component of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPX), an active antioxidant against ROS. This means that optimal levels of selenium contribute to conferring tolerance to environmental stressors and as such embody a protective role against pathologies associated with oxidative stress.

The improvement of immune function that results from selenium supplementation ultimately enhances performance and fillet quality, as it has been shown to boost growth and improve Feed Conversion Rate (FCR) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) in tilapia.

EXCENTIAL SMART TRACE MINERALS

Because of these well-established benefits, selenium has been used in aquaculture as a balancing micronutrient to improve fish health and performance.

Oxidative stress management

Phileo developed Selsaf to address oxidative stress levels in tilapia. This organic source of selenium obtained from a proprietary yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae comprises of selenomethionine and selenocysteine. It is produced with high and guaranteed concentrations of selenomethionine.

Whilst selenomethionine is incorporated into body proteins as the main selenium storage and used as a precursor to selenocysteine, the latter is a key element for GPX’s activity, thus playing an essential role against oxidative stress.

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International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 29

Both selenomethionine and selenocysteine are absorbed through the intestinal wall, therefore allowing for maximum assimilation by the animal and enhancing its immunity. Ultimately, the product helps boost the animal’s natural defenses.

Adding the product to aquafeeds improves the overall health status of fish by stimulating their antioxidant defenses and their ability to be more resilient to environmental challenges, express better immune response in presence of pathogens and sustain growth during periods of stress.

The product supplementation in tilapia feeds can also generate synergistic effects with probiotics and immune stimulants such as mannans and beta-glucans sources.

Nutritional allies that maximise returns

A 90-day feeding study that assessed the Figure 4: Zootechnical performance parameters of Nile tilapia supplemented with potential of combining Selsaf with yeast Safmannan® and Selsaf® for 60 days under commercial farming conditions in Brazil. (A) Weight gain (g/day); (B) Initial and final body weight; (C) Feed conversion ratio (FCR); probiotic and yeast postbiotic rich in mannan (D) Fillet yield. Bars indicate means and different letters above bars indicate significant oligosaccharides and beta-glucans (Procreatin differences between treatments at the same sampling time. Source: Internal trial report.

7® and Safmannan, respectively) concluded the blend of solution improved growth performance and disease resistance potential in tilapia when challenged with inactivated Aeromonas hydrophila (Silva 2019).

The groups supplemented with Selsaf expressed improved innate humoral immune response and reduced stress response throughout the trial. The groups supplemented with Selsaf + Safmannan, and Selsaf + Procreatin 7 demonstrated significantly higher lysozyme activity 8 hours after challenge and sustained higher response after 24 hours, demonstrating a synergistic effect on the anti-bacterial activity (Figure 1).

Cortisol levels were significantly lower in all Selsaf supplemented group. Significant improvement in Table 1: Selsaf® dosage recommendations for oxidative stress management and immunity booster in tilapia. the average villi structure in the gut, higher nutrient absorption was also observed (Figure 2).

Combined supplementation of Selsaf and Safmannan also proves to be efficient to improve resistance in fish Practical recommendations under environmental stress. When facing a 14-day stress challenge With the rapid development of tilapia production, there has been with water temperature increasing from 29.0 ºC to 37.0 ºC (0.07 a concomitant increase of exposure to physiological stress, and of ºC/h), the combined supplementation improved fish survival during the health and production challenges that are associated with it. the thermal challenge and subsequent 8-days recovery periods In many regions water and land constraints have forced (Figure 3). intensification in semi-open systems such as floating cages Another field trial tested the combined effect of Safmannan and in freshwater reservoirs and land-based earthen ponds where Selsaf in tilapia raised in high fish densities in volcanic water with exposure to stressors such as pathogens, over-crowding and high sulfur content and low dissolved oxygen. Results showed erratic weather events is high. that the combined supplementation improved survival from 26% Selsaf manages oxidative stress in tilapia, safeguarding fish to 31% and reduced feed conversion rate from 2.4 to 1.8, reducing from deleterious effects caused by these stressors. Supporting feed cost/kg of produced fish by 20% and positively impacting fish to overcome those challenges is essential to reach optimum gross margin by 12%. zootechnical and economic performance and improve welfare Finally, the combined supplementation of these two yeast-based conditions of fish farming. postbiotics was evaluated in the grow-out phase on a commercial Additionally, combining Selsaf with probiotic and postbiotic tilapia operation in Brazil, during a critical phase of water yeast-based products represents a cost-effective and powerful temperature increase. The trial concluded that the functional feed solution to boost innate immune response in Nile tilapia. Based strategy using Selsaf and Safmannan helped to increase daily on the results obtained in lab and commercial trials, Phileo by weight gain by 17.6% as well as sustain better survival rates.

Lesaffre provides a variety of the product recommendations FCR levels were reduced by 5.35%. accordingly to the stress challenges encountered and your own Ultimately, fillet yield in the processing plant increased from production objectives (table 1).

30.7% to 32.9%, generating net margin gains of 28.3% (Figure For additional information, please visit our website and consult 4). This was a result of the higher revenue generated by increased our Aquasaf tilapia program: https://phileo-lesaffre.com/en/ productivity and reducing feeding costs. program-aquasaf-tilapia/ 30 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

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International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 31

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As a result, we have managed to go further and improve the quality of these products with this new seal, which will help our clients to achieve the maximum performance in their own production.

The AquaSafe concept also prioritises sustainability and the water safety of planet earth, as well as the health of the fish fed, stimulating their immune system, improving growth performance and protecting them against internal and external parasites.

Therefore, Dibaq AquaSafe is not only supporting and focusing on the safety of the planet - but on the health of its fish too.

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FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

Tech update

New barge seeks to boost Mediterranean bass & bream production AKVA group Hellas has delivered a first-of-its-kind feed barge in the Mediterranean as Philosofish has chosen AKVA group as a supplier of an AM400 Classic feed barge. A feed barge of this size is groundbreaking in the region.

The AM400 Classic feed barge will boost Philosofish´s production of bass and bream on their Rhodes Island site to 2000 tonnes. It is also equipped with ten silos, four feeding lines, remote control capability and can distribute feed up to 40 pens with four feeding lines.

In 2020 Philosofish acquired new sites and increased its total production capacity from five to 20 thousand tonnes annually, positioning itself as a leading global supplier of high-quality Mediterranean bass and bream.

Philosofish is already using Akva Control CCS Feed Systems at four of their sites.

To continue reading, go to https://aqfeed.info/e/1432

33 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

AWAC SentinelV Study Cage Northbound Current Southbound Current

Exposed farming, cage deformation & fish

Overcoming demand for salmon and the environmental barriers preventing expansion in established sites by Ása Johannesen, Researcher, Fiskaaling, The Faroe Islands Salmon is a high value product with an ever-growing market, this drives up production where possible, leading to a situation where all available farming sites in many countries are fully exploited.

environmental barriers preventing expansion in established sites, salmon farmers seek to move or expand their production to more exposed sites.

In some cases, the farmers use the same fjord, but the farms have been moved closer to the inlet where hydrodynamic conditions ensure better water exchange and mixing, and in other cases, new sites have been established where farming has not

Production is primarily limited by two major limiters in terms of the local environment. Firstly, pollution of sheltered farming sites where a large biomass affects the local environment, potentially causing a deterioration of the local ecosystems and secondly, the exponential growth of sea lice populations in areas with a high salmon biomass.

Moving farms to more exposed locations solves one of these problems, as effluent from the farm will be more readily diluted and will therefore have a much smaller impact on the local environment.

Exposed farming also alleviates the second problem as with greater dispersal and dilution Vertical position of fish within the south echo sounder beam throughout the day. A dark of infectious lice, there is less risk of farms colour represents fewer fish while a light colour represents many fish. There is a period from self-infecting, which can result in exponential approximately 8am to 3pm where there are very few fish near the surface. growth. Due to increasing demand for salmon and 34 | May 2022 - Fish Farming Technology

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

Vertical position of fish at different wave heights in the South (left) and North (right) echo sounders at night durin weak current conditions. In larger waves, fewer fish as seen near the surface in both echo sounders.

previously taken place.

However, sites that are exposed to waves expose salmon to a new challenge that has not been thoroughly studied before. Currents are generally unidirectional and uniform in strength in the short term, which allows salmon to orient towards the current and expend only energy to maintain their position within the cage.

If the currents are too strong for too long, the salmon become exhausted or unable to feed, but as currents are usually tidally driven, the duration and strength of the currents are predictable, so sites can be chosen to suit the salmon.

Different challenges to salmon

Vertical position of fish during the day within both echo sounders (upper and lower panel) in northbound and southbound (left and right) current. Empty areas represent depths below the bottom of the cage at any given current strength. Deformation is more pronounced on the side of the cage exposed to oncoming current (e.g. the south side of the cage is deformed more in northbound current).

Waves present different challenges to the salmon. They cause multidirectional movement, with the major horizontal flow changing direction in time with the wave period in addition to presenting salmon with vertical movement, which may or may not coincide with the movement of the cage.

For this reason, salmon must decide how to adjust their behaviour. As wave energy quickly dissipates in the water column, salmon may choose to move further down to be less affected by the waves. Salmon

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may also choose to move inwards away from the net in order to avoid collisions.

Another option is to move horizontally within the cage to an area less exposed to the waves. This depends on the layout of the farm, but typically, the side of the cage facing the oncoming waves will be more exposed than the side where waves exit the cage, as the cage itself attenuates the waves.

The effects of strong currents & waves

In a study carried out on the Faroe Islands in collaboration between Sfi EXPOSED (exposedaquaculture.no), Hiddenfjord (hiddenfjord.com), and Fiskaaling (fiskaaling.fo), we investigated the effects of strong currents and waves on the behaviour of salmon and how they choose to use the space available to them.

Observations were carried out in a site with strong tidal currents and well mixed water with high chance of exposure to large waves (Hs greater than 4m) in winter. We used video recordings to monitor behaviour of salmon throughout the tidal cycle as well as in different wave conditions and these recordings were also used to monitor swimming effort and collisions with the cage net.

The cameras were located throughout the cage to monitor whether fish moved to different locations in wavy conditions as well as to determine whether they preferred to avoid the sides of the cage and surface in larger waves.

Salmon positioning within the cage

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In order to get a more general and continuous estimate of salmon positioning within the cage, two echo sounders monitoring two different locations within the cage recorded the depth of the salmon shoal (if present) as well as the depth of the cage bottom. This allowed us to determine how much space was available to the salmon in different wave and current situations and to see how the salmon made use of that space.

Some of the main findings are in agreement with what is found elsewhere. Salmon prefer to avoid the surface during the day and tend to dive two-to-five metres below the surface while the sun is up whereas they spread out more and do not avoid the surface to that extent during the night.

Salmon also switch between ‘free swimming’ where the fish move around in the cage seemingly unaffected by the current and ‘standing on current’ where they stay still within the video frame while they swim through the moving water in stronger currents.

The fish changed to this mode at weaker currents than what has been seen in other studies, indicating either a preference for standing on current at this site, or perhaps an expectation that the current would soon get stronger. The cage at this site experienced some deformation in strong currents, with a particularly large vertical displacement of the cone section of the cage.

This decreased the vertical space in the water column from 1520m to just 10m when the current was at its strongest. As salmon were standing on current close to the side of the cage during these periods, they had only 10m of vertical space available to them, and when this occurred during the day, there was even less space as the salmon still tended to avoid the surface.

Despite this lack of space in the section of the cage most affected by current, the salmon did not choose to move to a more sheltered area of the cage. This was most likely because the current was well within their swimming capacity, and the water exchange was high enough that the salmon were experiencing optimal oxygenation and water conditions in general.

In terms of waves, there were some major effects detected. The salmon moved away from the surface in large waves in a similar fashion to how they responded to daylight. However, salmon would also move to the more sheltered area within the cage in larger

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

waves and away from the sides of the cage.

The effects of hydrodynamic conditions on salmon

In strong currents, when fish preferred to stand on current, the waves alone did not cause the salmon to avoid the surface, indicating that the current could override salmon’s preference for avoiding the waves.

This effect could be caused by the current attenuating the horizontal wave movement in such a way that rather than experiencing directional changes, the salmon were experiencing changes in current strength.

Horizontal distribution of fish within the salmon cage. Light boxes represent conditions with However, this has not been small waves, and dark boxes conditions with large waves. The top figure is the proportion of time when many fish were seen in a video recording in five different locations within the cage. verified from the recorded current The bottom figure is the proportion of time where any fish are seen, few or many in the same and wave data. locations within the cage. The East and North cameras were the most sheltered from waves, Feed was most exposed while South and In were exposed waves to an intermediate degree, In conclusion, the effects but most exposed to current. of hydrodynamic conditions on salmon are manifold and However, cages such as this are edge cases and as industry interacting. Therefore, it’s important to understand the range of moves their farms to even more exposed sites, ever more care tidal currents at a site, how much the cage will deform, and also must be taken to ensure a minimal negative effect on salmon to make suitable predictions for wave conditions. welfare.

The salmon in this study did not experience poor welfare For more information, contact Ása Johannesen (asajoh@ as observed by regular welfare registrations, so at this site, fiskaaling.fo) or read our most recent scientific paper in PLoS currents, waves, and cage specifications were suitable for the ONE - https://aqfeed.info/e/1419 salmon throughout the monitoring period.

37 | May 2022 - Fish Farming Technology

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

ChucaoTec has up to 8 simultaneous operations of seabed remediation for the salmon industry. Nanobubbles are created using Quetrox injectors on the surface and then pumped to the seabed

Nanobubble technology in salmon farming Using oxygen to revert anaerobic conditions and increase cultivation densities

C

by ChucaoTec, Llanquihue, Chile

hucaoTec are a Chilean company located close to Puerto Montt, the capital of the Chilean salmon industry.

They disrupted the Chilean salmon industry in early 2020, when they became the first company to revert anaerobic conditions of the sediment under a salmon net-pen facility using oxygen nanobubbles. Their nanobubble technology, named Quetrox, has since expanded to other applications and industries, under the banner of the lowest capital and operational costs in the market.

Chilean regulation mandates that the seabed under salmon farms must be kept in aerobic conditions for production to be allowed. This regulation, aimed at reducing the impact of salmon farming on the benthos, poses a major production risk on farmers, who face the uncertainty on their ability to use their sites at sea.

In addition, regulation is very strict about the measures that can be taken regarding the seabed, considering that, on this subject, the remedy can be worse than the sickness. ChucaoTec saw this combination as a great opportunity and developed a system to remediate the impacted seabed using nanobubbles, a system that was validated by the Chilean environmental authorities for commercial application.

Low capital cost

Since early 2020, the company has used this system to successfully revert anaerobic conditions under more than 20 sites in southern Chile. ChucaoTec’s nanobubbles, which they named Quetrox, have three comparative benefits: low headloss (less than 0.5bar), low gas pressure requirements (close to process pressure), and low capital cost.

“We developed our technology for seabed remediation, where you must pump the water for hundreds of meters through a tube as thin as possible, to reduce current drag. We wanted our injectors to consume as little pump available head as possible,” comments José Puga, co-founder and CEO. However, every month there are new publications on the use of nanobubbles for applications in a variety of industries, the most popular being aquaculture, agriculture and water treatment.

In 2021, ChucaoTec considered their technology mature enough for direct commercialisation, and started introducing Quetrox as

a product. The reception has been good, with Quetrox already present in more than a dozen hatcheries in Chile, a full net-pen facility being implemented with Quetrox coming May, and pilot units working in agriculture and mining.

One of the most interesting applications for nanobubbles, is the oxygenation of salmon net-pens. This is not a new application for oxygen: oxygenation or aeriation has been widely used to be able to cultivate in areas with less-than-optimal oxygen available in the water, or to increase cultivation densities.

In southern Chile, salmon producers may budget close to US$100,000 per month for oxygenation or aeriation. ChucaoTec tested its Quetrox nanobubbles against a well-established poroushose oxygenation system, obtaining up to 57 percent reduction in oxygen use.

The Quetrox net-pen system uses as low as 0.4kWh per kg of injected oxygen, while producing oxygen on-site with a PSA oxygen concentrator requires approximately 1.5kWh per kg of produced oxygen. Injecting 57percent less oxygen is, thus, equivalent to saving 0.5kWh, or roughly 0.5L of Diesel, per kg of oxygen. Not bad, considering that the installed capacity for one facility may be 400kg of oxygen per hour.

ChucaoTec will be installing their first full facility with Quetrox net-pen system in May 2022, and expects to confirm evidence that, further to the oxygen savings, nanobubbles can improve production results.

A more stable environment

Salmon hatcheries are also becoming avid adopters of nanobubble technology. Quetrox systems have been installed for affluent oxygenation, metal oxidation, ozone injection for pathogen control, amongst others. When speaking about oxygen injection for fish rearing tanks, Paulo Jorquera, CCO describes that “clients are very enthusiastic about the level of dissolved oxygen stability that Quetrox provides, with absolutely no operational nuisance.

"The Speece cone has nothing against Quetrox in terms of efficiency, but vows to Quetrox’s ease of operation and stable results.” ChucaoTec will be running a controlled trial with an experimental facility in May to find out how these results affect the growth and feed conversion rate in fish. “We believe we will find that a more stable environment will result in increased appetite and growth, with equal or less oxygen use,” Mr Jorquera adds.

38 | May 2022 - Fish Farming Technology

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

Equipment is manufactured and assembled in-house in the small town of Llanquihue, some 20 miles north of Puerto Montt

Quetrox head loss is so small, that may times the available pipe head can be used, with no need for additional pumps. In this picture, oxygen is injected to a hatchery affluent for metal oxidation.

Because of their geographical location and their partners’ backgrounds, ChucaoTec’s clients are mostly salmon farmers. However, nanobubble applications go way beyond aquaculture. One of the fastest growing market for this technology is agriculture, where farmers see increased growth, fruit caliper and plant health through the use of air or oxygen nanobubbles.

Some initial trials using Quetrox nanobubbles, show that microbial biomass in soil can increase almost 400 percent over the short period of just 10 days, only through irrigation with nanobubbles. “It is well documented that oxygen nanobubbles increase the capacity of roots to absorb nutrients.

“Agriculture is becoming a fast adopter, as agricultural systems

Quetrox injectors are extremely easy to install or retrofit into current installations.

are becoming more and more technology-based, with vertical farms, hydroponic and aquaponics farms, and the nanobubble technology is slowly becoming a standard,” comments Mr Puga.

ChucaoTec believes that their offer for this industry is particularly attractive, as a low margin industry is very concerned about adding extra operational costs.

Internationalisation is in ChucaoTec’s short term plans. They already have an offer in North America through IngenuityWorx, a niche company with strong knowledge in soil health and a science-based approach to application development and sales.

They will be also showcasing their Quetrox systems in Norway in June, 2022 and are working with prospects in Ecuador for shrimp farming, and Singapore for seabed remediation.

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TECHNOLOGY SH Innovations this month May 2022 Aquafarm, a two-day event dedicated to the sustainable production of food from water, will be running this year from May 25-27 at the Pordenone Exhibition Centre.

With that in mind, we’ve taken products from companies exhibiting at this show which reflect ongoing innovation in the aquaculture sector and a bright future for fish farming.

If you would like your product or service to appear in this section in a future edition of International Aquafeed and Fish Farming Technology magazine, then please contact us at editorial@perendale.co.uk.

Badinotti’s Netwasher Cleanet series The automatic Netwasher Cleanet is comprised of a rotary washing drum, which is made from stainless steel. This particular product can also be supplied with a waste water tank for further protection upon request.

There are several different models available, including Cleanet 7 (which is approximately 6500 litres), Cleanet 10 (9500 litres), Cleanet 20 (19,500 litres) and Cleanet 13 – which is being designed to accommodate 39,000 litres. Models Cleanet 7 and Cleanet 10 are designed for operations that require mobile or transportable washing systems.

A comprehensive range of features includes a lateral water inlet, with a robust system of hinges, as well as the ability to have an opening window with a reinforced lock system. The mechanical locking system offers fish farmers an additional security system, whilst no on-site assembly is required and it can be transported directly in ready-to-use packaging. www.badinotti.com

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ProSolo Digital Water Quality Meter by YSI Delivering on YSI’s long history of providing reliable and hard wearing instrumentation for dissolved oxygen (DO) monitoring, the ProSolo Digital Water Quality Meter features the company’s most advanced technology for optical DO measurements in a streamlined package.

ProSolo is a portable DO system with a rugged instrument, smart sensors, reliable cables, and powerful data management for ensuring optimal performance.

Instrument setup is quick and easy with the company’s advanced, integrated probe and cable assemblies. Digital smart sensors are automatically recognised by the handheld device, which is able to store its own calibration data.

YSI handheld water quality meters are also renowned for their durability, with the device contained within a rugged and waterproof casing, which provides protection from the harshest field conditions. Its military-style locking cable connectors ensure a quick and secure cable hook-up. www.ysi.com

Morenot’s Flexilink mooring grid Morenot’s Flexilink mooring grid is made from fibre with no hardware components, which all but eliminates the risk of mechanical breakage, as well as preventing damages and escapes. The company prefrabricates the mooring grid, before then delivering it in containers to the purchasing fish farm.

With more than 300 installations of this mooring grid having happened since its launch in 2012, with the range of sites encompassing fish farm in Norway, Canada and Scotland.

Due to its material, Flexilink shows minimal signs of damage years on from being installed in the sea. This means that inspections take place a longer period of time apart, approximately 24 months in some cases, and installation itself is much more efficient than with traditional mooring systems. www.morenot.com

FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY Check out our website dedicated to fish farming technology

fishfarmingtechnology.net

HOWCASE Pescamotion 6 Plus Fish Pump from Faivre Favire’s Pescamotion fish pump is the result of eight months of optimising its design.

The pump has been developed for live fish transport up to 700g in weight for salmonids, and up to 500g in weight for sea bass and sea bream.

Ideal for supplying a grader for transferring from a tank or loading lorries, the Pescamotion 6+ pump can adapt to all situations.

Its key benefits are its light weight – 202 kilograms – new auto stop priming system, and its high capacity as it is able to process 20 tonnes per hour. Additionally, the pump housing is made of stainless steel 316L, meaning it is ready to be used in sea water.

The fish pump has a remotecontrol feature, using the 200m IP67 remote, the operator has full control of the pump, pump motor and speed control. www.faivre.fr aqfeed.info/e/1427

www.onlinemillingschool.com LP Stingray in Situ Net Washer The two metre long net cleaner from Lindgren-Pitman uses new and innovative net cleaning technology to clean fouled nets, as it is all electric with the capacity of cleaning nets at the speed of 40 metres per second.

It is capable of operating on small generators or with electric infrastructure and is more efficient in its power requirement, requiring 1/10 of the power that similar, high-pressure cleaning systems require.

The buoyant head possesses the ability to clean a two metre wide area with low-speed propellers. The technology vibrates the net and in doing so knocks off fouling including mussels, kelp and hydroids.

The key of advantages of choosing this net washer include its capacity to clean 2300-4600 square metres per hour, containing four video cameras with LED lighting and a wheelhouse video monitor. www.lindgren-pitman.com

Feed Innovation Award 2022 If you know of or have a newly introduced innovation for the production of animal feeds, including petfoods then consider proposing it for inclusion in this year’s Feed Innovations Award to be held at the Victam International 2022 exposition, which takes place in Utrecht, The Netherlands from May 31-June 02, 2022. .

For more information: https://mymag.info/e/1290

International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 41

CS

Aquaculture case study

Lice-resistant salmon

Study aims to to identify genetic mechanisms to make Atlantic salmon resistant to the key parasite

A type of salmon’s ability to withstand sea lice may hold the answer to preventing the pest’s devastating effects in other fish. Different species show varying resistance to sea lice – while Atlantic salmon is susceptible, coho salmon is almost completely resistant.

by Inês Crespo, Research Communications Officer, & Diego Robledo, Career Track Fellow, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK

A team of scientists is investigating the coho salmon’s genes, in a UK£1.7m/US$2.16m bid to understand its resistance to sea lice.

They hope to recreate the effects in Atlantic salmon, which are severely affected by the disease.

Sea lice are a large and perennial problem for salmon aquaculture globally, severely affecting fish health and welfare, and costing the global aquaculture sector around UK£800m per year. These parasites attach to the skin of salmonid fish and feed on tissue, mucus and blood, often causing open injuries and stress. Infected fish show impaired growth and increased occurrence of secondary infections.

While the parasites are able to initially attach to coho salmon, the fish mount an innate immune response that results in fast sea lice rejection and limited disease. Researchers will study the response to lice attachment exhibited by coho salmon and seek to reveal the biological processes underlying genetic resistance to these parasites.

They will then apply knowledge gained concerning these mechanisms of resistance to Atlantic salmon. In particular, aiming to identify genes that could make Atlantic salmon resistant to sea lice.

Ultimately, researchers will aim to introduce the mechanisms of genetic resistance found in coho salmon to Atlantic salmon aquaculture populations, by making alterations to their DNA. The project is led by researchers from the University of Edinburgh’s Roslin Institute and the University of Stirling’s Institute of Aquaculture and will receive a total of UK£1.7 million from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and

the Sustainable Aquaculture Innovation Centre (SAIC). It is an industrial partnership award with aquaculture breeding company Benchmark Genetics.

Shortlisting genes

Researchers will use data previously collected from 12,000 infected Atlantic salmon to identify regions of the genome associated with resistance to sea lice. Data will enable them to test if there is a common underlying genetic basis to variation in resistance of Atlantic salmon to different sea lice species, to map individual resistance genes, and to improve prediction of lice resistance.

Comparing high and low resistance Atlantic salmon will provide insights into resistance mechanisms within the species.

Scientists will compare skin and the live parasites attached to it to assess resistance and to measure precisely when lice are rejected by resistant fish.

Differences in resistance may be due to actions of specific cells, and the location where lice attach to salmon skin which is comprised of multiple cell types. Researchers will compare Atlantic salmon with coho salmon at single cell resolution to investigate the key mechanisms, genes and proteins involved in their different responses to lice.

Information gathered throughout the project will be integrated to identify and shortlist potential sea lice resistance genes.

Gene editing will be used to validate those genes, through tests examining the effects of silencing them using novel in vitro models. If the edit causes changes to resistance to lice, that

42 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

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Five shortlisted candidate gene edits will be introduced into salmon embryos using the CRISPR gene-editing method. Edited salmon will then be exposed to sea lice to assess their resistance compared to their unedited siblings. This step will identify effective edits, with potential for commercial application to create lice-resistant salmon.

Introducing DNA changes

Gene editing, which enables targeted, precise changes to the genetic code, has been used in previous studies by scientists from the Roslin Institute to identify disease resistance genes in salmon. Subject to regulatory and public approval, this would be transformative, with huge financial, environmental, and animal welfare benefits, researchers say.

Alternative conventional control strategies, such as feed supplements, cleaner fish, and tailored cage design, are only partially effective. Medicines, which are expensive and potentially environmentally damaging, are still frequently required to control sea lice, many of which have evolved resistance to common delousing drugs.

Selective breeding to increase resistance of salmon to lice is an effective but relatively slow process because a generation of salmon takes up to four years to reach maturity for reproduction.

Improving the innate genetic resistance of salmon to lice is a promising, environmentally low impact, yet underexploited approach to lice control.

Dr Diego Robledo, aquaculture genomics expert at the Roslin Institute, said: “While Atlantic salmon is highly susceptible to sea lice, coho salmon is practically fully resistant. We are going to compare the genomes of the two species to understand how they are linked to their response to these parasites, so that we can identify the key mechanisms underlying resistance in coho salmon. We can then attempt to transfer these resistance mechanisms from coho salmon to Atlantic salmon via genome editing.”

“Gene editing has potential to expedite the breeding of disease-resistant salmon by making targeted changes, informed by years of research into the genetic and functional mechanisms of resistance to sea lice,” says Professor Ross Houston, Head of Genetics at the partner company Benchmark Genetics and former Personal Chair of Aquaculture Genetics at the Roslin Institute.

Welfare and sustainability

Work by the consortium aims to improve fish health and enhance the sustainability of the salmon aquaculture sector.

Dr Robledo highlights the benefits of tackling these parasites: “Sea lice-resistant salmon would improve fish welfare, reduce the environmental impact of delousing treatments, reduce the potential impact of sea lice on wild fish, and contribute to secure jobs in the sector.”

Professor James Bron, Professor of Aquatic Animal Health at the University of Stirling, adds: “The University of Stirling’s Institute of Aquaculture brings more than 30 years’ research into the interactions of sea lice and Atlantic salmon to this collaboration. Advances made in disease control for Atlantic salmon aquaculture are relevant to the culture of other key species, so developing and applying these cutting-edge technologies helps to increase aquaculture sustainability and global food security.”

Breeding fish with improved resistance to disease will reduce the need for antibiotics and other drugs to prevent the impact of parasites. This reduction of chemicals in the environment and

the loss of fewer fish to disease will subsequently decrease the environmental impact of aquaculture.

Genetic improvement results in stocks that are more resistant to problematic infectious diseases, and also require less feed to grow to market size. This can improve animal welfare while also improving production efficiency and reducing their carbon footprint.

“This project is a great example of the diverse and innovative work that is being undertaken in Scotland to tackle the perennial challenge of sea lice,” says Heather Jones, CEO of SAIC. “The health and welfare of fish is of paramount importance to our aquaculture sector, and it is very encouraging to see worldleading research take place in our institutions. We are pleased to help fund this initiative, supporting increased economic impact with a reduced environmental footprint in UK aquaculture.”

Future improvements

Genetic technologies could be used to introduce other desirable traits into farmed species, such as improved growth, resistance to other diseases, or robustness in diverse farming environments.

Most aquaculture species can produce many offspring, and large populations with improved genetics can be bred quickly for improved production performance. Monitoring how a farm population’s genome varies between individuals will help maintain genetic diversity as they develop.

Research into farmed fish, including their response to disease, is undertaken at the recently opened freshwater Aquaculture Genetics Research Facility at the Roslin Institute. The facility supports research into disease resistance and genome editing of farmed fish, in particular salmon, oyster and shrimp.

Roslin scientists have previously identified genes and regions of the genome of fish linked to diseases such as those caused by Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus and Tilapia Lake Virus.

“Within current legislation, gene-edited fish cannot be farmed in the UK. If this were to be approved by policymakers and the public, researchers and the aquaculture sector would have to assess how to introduce edited fish into farm settings,” says Dr Robledo, with regards to the implementation of gene editing in aquaculture. “For instance, edited fish might need to be sterile to prevent them from mixing with wild stocks. Sterility would need to be compatible with a breeding programme with fertile animals at its centre, and this will require technological innovation.”

Salmon was the first approved genetically modified food and has been made available in the US and Canada. Production of the AquAdvantage fish, which has been modified to overexpress growth hormone, enabling year-round growth, is produced in indoor facilities to prevent fish from mixing with or impacting on wild populations.

Further research into genetics and health could help make these technologies even more precise and contribute to aquaculture sustainability, food security, and animal welfare.

International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 45

Industry Events

Status updates for industry events amidst global effects of COVID-19

2022 2022

10-12 Livestock Malaysia 2022 Malacca, Malaysia www.livestockmalaysia.com

May 3-5 Aquaculture UK 2022 Aviemore, Scotland https://aquacultureuk.com 24-27 World Aquaculture 2021 Mérida, Mexico www.was.org/meeting/code/AQ2022 25-26 Aquafarm 2022 Pordenone, Italy www.aquafarm.show

15-18 Aquaculture Canada and WAS North America 2022 St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada www.was.org/meeting/code/WANA2021

25-27 Agritechnica Asia 2022 Bangkok, Thailand www.agritechnica-asia.com 31-2 VIV Europe Utrecht, The Netherlands www.viveurope.nl 31-2 Victam International 2022 Utrecht, The Netherlands www. victaminternational.com 2022

June 29-30 Seagriculture EU 2022 Bremerhaven, Germany https://seagriculture.eu

23-25 Aquaculture Philippines 2022 Manila, Philippines www.livestockphilippines.com 2022

September 1-3 Taiwan SMART Agriweek 2022 Taipei, Taiwan www.taiwanagriweek.com 6 Aquaculture Innovation Forum London, UK aquacultureinnovationforum.com 4-6 Fish International 2022 Bremen, Germany https://fishinternational.de 7-8 Seagriculture USA 2022 Portland, Maine, USA https://seagriculture-usa.com 13-15 SPACE 2022 Rennes, France http://uk.space.fr

Nobel Prize winner Joseph Stiglitz to join AquaVision 2022

Professor Joseph Stiglitz will be keynote speaker at the world’s premier aquaculture business conference, AquaVision, in Stavanger, Norway, from June 13-15, 2022.

In a world where the premise for global business is rapidly changing, business leaders are searching for the answers to how sustainable economic growth and increased seafood production can be achieved.

To this end, AquaVision organisers are pleased to announce that Professor Joseph Stiglitz, the Nobel Prize winning economist, will be keynote speaker at AquaVision 2022.

With economic policy and global growth or downturn playing an essential role in demanding times, Professor Stiglitz will address the impact of Covid-19, issues with increased raw material costs, inflation and increased interest.

In 2001, Professor Stiglitz was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics for his analyses of markets with asymmetric information. He was a lead author of the 1995 Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. In 2011 TIME named Professor Stiglitz one of the 100 most influential people in the world.

Professor Stiglitz was Chief Economist and Senior Vice-President of the World Bank from 1997-2000. In the last 15 years he has written a series of books that have had enormous influence in shaping global debates. Among his awards are more than 40 honorary doctorates, including from Cambridge and Oxford Universities.

“We are honoured that Professor Stiglitz will join us,” says Skretting CEO Therese Log Bergjord, when commenting on Professor Stiglitz’s participation at AquaVision 2022.

“The major contributions he has made - to macroeconomics and monetary theory, to development economics and trade theory, to public and corporate finance, to the theories of industrial organisation and rural organisation, and to the theories of welfare economics and of income and wealth distribution – and the insights that he will bring to AquaVision will benefit the entire audience. We can’t wait!”

2022

October 12-14 Vietstock 2022 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam www.vietstock.org

2022

November 9-11 AFIA Equipment Manufacturers Conference 2022 St. Petersburg, Florida, USA www.afia.org 9-11 Ildex Indonesia 2022 Jakarta, Indonesia www.ildex-indonesia.com

July 6-8 16th Indo Livestock Jakarta, Indonesia www.indolivestock.com 2022

August 3-5 Ildex Vietnam 2022 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam www.ildex-vietnam.com

☑ See The International Aquafeed team at this event

22-23 Aquaculture New Zealand Conference 2022 Nelson, New Zealand www.aquaculture.org.nz 27-30 Aquaculture Europe 2022 Rimini, Italy www.aquaeas.org 46 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

15-18 EuroTier 2022 Hannover, Germany www.eurotier.com 29-2 World Aquaculture Singapore 2022 Singapore www.was.org

Latin American & Caribbean Aquaculture 2023

Sustainable Aquaculture for Two Oceans

April 18-21, 2023 HOTEL RIU PLAZA Panama City, Panama Get our meeting mobile app

AUG. 15 - 18, 2022

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Conference Sponsors Temasek Polytechnic, Nanyang Technological University National University of Singapore, James Cook University Republic Polytechnic 3rd International Symposium on Perch and Bass WAS Premier Sponsors

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Industry Events Victam International & VIV Europe 2022 Technology’s role in lifting European aquaculture production

by Andrew Wilkinson, International Aquafeed magazine Two popular trade events, Victam International and VIV Europe International, are co-located this year and will be running from May 31 to June 2, 2022.

Taking place over a three day period, Victam International will be featuring a range of conferences and technical seminars to tailor to its range of guests which incorporates directors, nutritionists and management.

Over 300 exhibitors are expected to be displaying latest products and services, alongside the latest ingredients and additives available for feed for animals, pets and aquaculture.

Organised with Victam International,

Milling and Grain magazine will be holding Grapas Europe, which is an event tailored at grain, flour and rice processing industries as it will have on show specialist systems and technology that are used in rice and flour mills as well as exhibits on grain storage, preservation and transportation.

In recognition of the contributions made to our industry, Perendale Publishers Ltd, the parent company of International Aquafeed and Milling and Grain magazines will also be awarding the Grapas Innovations Award at VIV Europe, which recognises the most innovative solutions for the flour, rice and pasta processing industry.

Additionally, the company will be hosting The Animal Feed Technology and Nutrition Award, comprising of two awards for feed technology and feed nutrition, which will recognise innovations in feed processing and nutrition technology.

VIV Europe is held every four years and this year, will be providing its guests with a clear focus on feed production and the poultry sector. An important theme VIV Europe is focusing on, titled ‘Global Expertise Local Practice,’ looks at balancing global and local supply chains to ensure continued stability within food production in acknowledgement of how food supply chains can be easily disrupted.

VIV Europe Feed Series – Session 1

In preparation for the main event in Utrecht, we were all invited to a one-hour Webinar on Aquaculture titled: ‘Global Expertise – Technology’s role in lifting European Aquaculture Potential’ – on Thursday March 31, 2022.

One of four webinars that VIV hosts prior to its exhibition, this event was an opportunity for us to look at how European aquaculture might provide consumers with a wider choice of highquality, and sustainable aquaculture food products in the future.

European aquaculture is failing

In 2018, Europe produced 3.1m tonnes of farmed fish, or just over three percent of the world’s aquaculture production 48 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

and the EU is one of the world’s major seafood markets. In 2017, the supply of seafood for people to consume in the EU 28 was 14.6m tonnes, of which aquaculture represented just 1.4m tonnes.

The EU relies on importing seafood from other parts of the world, both caught and farmed fish and in 2017 it imported over 9m tonnes. The performance of European aquaculture has been improving over recent years but in order for this to improve further, key challenges need to be tackled.

Moderated by International Aquafeed publisher Roger Gilbert, the panel of assembled experts presented and then debated the issues the industry faces from their own unique and well informed perspectives on these key challenges.

This panel includes Erik Hempel, the Director of Communications at Norfishing and AquaNor in Norway; Dr Benedict Standen, Head of Marketing, DSM; Dr Bernhard Eckel, Chief Technology Officer, Dr Eckel Animal Nutrition and Dr Kartik Masagounder, Head of Aquaculture Research for Evonik Operations. The introduction and presentations were then followed by an intense and fact packed question and answer sessions, covering a wide spectrum of subjects.

The most important conclusion drawn from the presentations is that the key to solving the challenges faced by European aquaculture is in nutrition, as it is nutrition that is driving efficient aquaculture production, it can look at sustainability, it can look at the environmental impact of what we are doing and the way that we grow fish.

This alone will not be enough. Attending to the issues relating to the environmental aspects of the European aquaculture industry also needs to occur. Although the industry has the right nutritional technologies and the right equipment development going on for the whole world’s aquaculture production, Europe is failing to develop its aquaculture industry and drive the industry forward.

Interested? Well, you can watch the webinar in full by following this link: https://aqfeed.info/e/1424

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Industry Events AFRAQ 2021 Feeding Africa through a more sustainable aquaculture variant Dr Mo»hamed Baromh, Nutrition Research Lecturer, National Institute of Fisheries NIOF, Egypt In the Arab Republic of Egypt, a country that is the biggest producer of aquaculture in Africa and the Middle East, the seventh largest in the world in 2020, that’s according to the statistics of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), you will find the ancient city of Alexandria.

Considered by many to be the pride of the Mediterranean Sea, the settlement was originally built by Alexander the Great some 2500 years ago back in 331 BC. The largest, oldest, and greatest library, Bibliotheca Alexandria, can be found within the city.

Founded by Ptolemy II 2300 years ago, it currently contains more than two million books, and is the fourth largest Francophone library in the world, earning the location a status as a globally recognised seat of education, making it the ideal location to hold Aquaculture Africa Conference (AFRAQ2021) in the modern age.

Postponed due to Covid-19 from its previous original December 2021 date, AFRAQ21 was held March 25-28, 2022. It is the first international conference & exposition in the Middle East and Africa in Aquaculture since 2019 due to Covid-19.

Important global participants

The conference was organised under the supervision of one of the international companies specialised in organising conferences in cooperation with the Egyptian side. The registration to conference in the Bibliotheca Alexandrina began on Friday March 5, 2022.

The event filled the entire conference building – with the opening ceremonies taking place at the great hall on the morning of Saturday, March 26, with the scientific conference activities held in more than eight halls commencing shortly after. The event activities ran from 9 am till 6 pm.

The conference was attended by more than 2000 organisers and participants from scientists and researchers, as well as exhibitors and a number of workers in the aquatic sector, including feed producers and production requirements, manufacturers of feed additives, vitamins, growth stimulants, antitoxins, vaccines, serums, fishing nets, marine cage requirements, specialised feeds, artemia, equipment for sorting, counting, transporting fish, remote sensing and monitoring equipment.

As well as representatives of the most important Egyptian scientific institutions, such as the National Institute of oceanography and Fisheries affiliated to the Ministry of Scientific Research and Higher Education (NIOF) and the Central Laboratory for Fisheries Research of the Ministry of Agriculture, as well as the Fisheries Development Authority of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Desert Research Center, the Animal Health Research Institute, Lakes and Beaches Protection Authority and the International Fish Center.

The conference was attended by many lecturers from Egyptian universities and faculties of fish resources and representatives of universities such as Alexandria University, Cairo University,

Ain Shams University, Zagazig University, Suez University, Al-Azhar University and the faculties of fish resources in Kafr El-Sheikh and Suez.

The event was filled with many Egyptian success stories who had an active role in developing the Egyptian fish production sector, such as Prof Ismail Radwan, Prof. Fathi Othman, Engineer Ahmed Al-Sheraki and Prof. Abdel Fattah Al-Sayed.

Amongst the most important global organisations participating in this major event are the African union development agency, the world fish center, World Aquaculture Society, the US Soybean export council (USSEC), and the Food and Aquaculture Organization (FAO). Representatives of the most important international companies sponsoring the conference, such as Aller Aqua Company, attended the conference, also representatives of the Grand Group for fish feed manufacturing, DSM, Zeigler, Blue Aqua, Animal Health MSD, the World Initiative for Soy in Human Health (WISHH), and Skretting Africa had attended the event.

The conference exhibition was held on a very large area, featured a wide variety of exhibitors, consisting of three halls. A main hall and two subsidiary halls, and the exhibition included more than 60 booths.

Representatives from more than 40 countries

AFRAQ 2021 was attended by visitors and representatives from more than 40 countries around the world such as USA, UK, Italy, UAE, Vietnam, South Africa, Denmark, Kenya, France, Lebanon, Russia, Australia, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Spain, Zambia, Holland, Burkina Faso, Tunisia, Ghana, Serbia, Belgium, Israel, Japan, China, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Jordan, Syria, Sudan, Ecuador, Mexico, Brazil, Turkey, Iraq, Yemen, Morocco, Germany, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Thailand and Bahrain.

More than 30 researchers and lecturers participated in the scientific events of the conference with the results of various researches around the world all about aquaculture, with all its branches, such as nutrition, seed production, bivalves and seaweed, fish health management, tilapia health management, sustainable aquaculture, environmental water quality, aquatic animal health, country reports, grey mullet, aquaculture development, nutrition physiology, and ecology.

A total of 140 scientific papers participated in the conference.

Over 100 Scientific posters, spread throughout the conference halls, which witnessed the participation of 60 companies in its exhibition and also witnessed the number of attendees that exceeded 2000 people.

International Aquafeed magazine had a clear role in our booth.

As the three days were full of many Egyptian and foreign visitors from around the world who came to our booth No. 6, a free copy of March issue of the International Aquafeed magazine was presented to all the attendees.

Amongst the attendees was Dr Abdul Hakim El Waer, FAO Assistant Director and Dr Ahmed Sany ElDin General manager of aquaculture Development (GAFRD), Regional sales Director of Aller Aqua Company Mr Ole Haubro also Mr Nabel Hamed, owner of Grand Group for fish feed manufacturing, Prof Ashraf ElDakar Dean of faculty of aquaculture and marine fisheries, Arish University and many fish farmers and researchers in the fish sector, as well as an advisor to the Minister of Agriculture for aquaculture.

It was a conference full of many meetings, scientific discussions, exchange of experiences and success stories of development in the fish production and feed industry sector.

50 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

Industry Events

ISFNF 2022 Bringing together scientific community & aquafeed industry for 20th edition The International Symposium of Fish Nutrition and Feeding (ISFNF) will be held on June 5-9, 2022 in the wonderful and sunny city of Sorrento, Italy. The event promises to meet the high expectations that the scientific community and the aquafeed industry have for this show, now in its 20th edition.

This ISFNF, this year titled ‘towards precision fish nutrition and feeding,’ will present and discuss the latest findings and discoveries as the premier international forum for researchers, academics, and industry involved in the aquafeed sector.

More than 400 delegates from all over the world are expected to attend the ISFNF, with 80 oral presentations and 150 posters over the course of the five day event. Topics include physiology and nutritional requirements, hatchery feeds (broodstock and larvae), alternative lipid and protein sources, feed additives and functional feeds, nutritional and feeding strategies, nutrition and fish health, feed technology and product quality.

Every single presentation is shared

The ISFNF has always been a one-session conference, where every single presentation is shared with all the conference

participants, ensuring the maximum dissemination and a high quality of debate and insights.

Two afternoon sessions will be also dedicated to the poster exhibition and the discussion with the authors There will also be three 30-minute invited lectures at the beginning of the sessions, from FAO, DG Research & Innovation of the European Commission and from a representative of the feed industry.

Informal discussions, lunches and social activities have also included in the program to encourage the participants to get to know one another and widen networks and find new collaborations.

According to Prof Alessio Bonaldo, from the University of Bologna, chair of the organising committee, this edition after such a long difficult period due to the pandemic will permit to meet again in person and discuss about the new challenges that researchers and feed industry are going to face in the next future.

“We were impressed by the great quality of abstracts received and it was not easy to select the 80 studies that will be presented orally. Research on fish nutrition and feeding is the key to improve sustainability, environmental footprint, fish health and product quality in aquaculture,” adds Prof Alessio Bonaldo.

“ISFNF will represent a step forward to a greater knowledge on fish physiology, the use of new and circular ingredients, precision feeding and the role of feed and additives to improve fish performance, welfare and health.”

You can find all the information and register on the ISFNF website: www.isfnf2022.org

52 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

Industry Events

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Industry Events

World Aquaculture 2021 The global event of the World Aquaculture Society (WAS) in 2022 will be held in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico from May 2425, 2022 at the Yucatan International Congress Center (CIC) with the support of the Secretariat of Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture of Yucatan (SEPASY).

It should be remembered that the initial date of the event was in November 2021 but for reasons of force majeure, the committee decided to reschedule the event for May 2022. However, the name WA2021 was kept.

World Aquaculture (WA) is an annual conference globally recognised as the most relevant for the exchange of knowledge, technology, innovation and networking of professionals.

During WA2021, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and other international and national organisations will participate, including the National Chamber of the Fishing and Aquaculture Industry (CANAINPESCA) and the Mexican Council for the Promotion of Fishery and Aquaculture Products (COMEPESCA).

There will be multiple presentations, workshops, work meetings, a commercial exhibition, an art gallery, technical visits to farms and processing plants in the region, and several events dedicated to the exchange of ideas and experiences among aquaculture professionals from all over the world.

During WA2021, academic and technical sessions will be held on topics such as aquaculture health, nutrition and food, genetics, production systems, innovation and sessions focused on the farming of species such as shrimp, tilapia and marine fish; distributed over three full days in sessions both in the morning and in the afternoon. Each session has expert moderators in each of the topics.

The event will feature an investment forum where agreements are expected to be reached for future aquaculture projects, as well as an opportunity for government entities such as INAPESCA to offer a space for forums open to all attendees on topics such as algae, crustaceans, bivalves and molluscs, and marine fish.

It should be noted that the event will also be the first meeting of the newly formed Mexican Aquaculture Society SOMEXACUA. During it, the WAS-SOMEXACUA awards will be presented for the first time to personalities who have built aquaculture in Mexico over the years.

LA WA2021 will have four plenary conferences with renowned international guests. The plenary entitled “Are we so openminded to seaweed aquaculture that our brains are falling out?

Seaweed fantasies and facts and how best to accelerate seaweed aquaculture”.

It will be led by Barry Antonio Costa-Pierce, who is President/ CEO of the Ecological Aquaculture Foundation with offices in the US (Maine, Hawaii) and Portugal (Azores).

The director general of the United States Soybean Export Council (USSEC), Jim Sutter, will present the plenary "Impact of sustainability on responsible Aquaculture, cultivating the land to protect the ocean".

On the same day, the Chilean industrial engineer and international consultant in aquaculture and fisheries, Carlos Wurman, will give his presentation entitled, “Looking ahead: Challenges and Opportunities for a Sustainable Aquaculture”.

The president of the WAS, Dr Antonio Garza de Yta, will close the plenary sessions on Thursday 26 with the conference entitled "The importance of the professional associations for the future of Aquaculture".

There will be a trade fair with a space of more than 80 stands for the display and offer of products and services, in which companies from Latin America, the United States, Europe, Africa and Asia will participate, which expects the visit of more than two thousand participants.

The World Aquaculture Society is an International Organisation made up of members from more than 100 countries whose purpose is to promote the development and advancement of aquaculture education, science and technology, in addition to collecting and disseminating information on aquaculture throughout the world.

International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 55

Coolers & driers Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Welcome to the market place, where you will find suppliers of products and services to the industry with help from our friends at The International Aquafeed Directory (published by Turret Group)

IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com

Additives Evonik +49 618 1596785 www.evonik.com

Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com

Biorigin www.biorigin.net GePro +49 54415 925252 www.ge-pro.de

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Grupo Dibaq +34 921 574 286 www.dibaqacuicultura.es

Elevator & conveyor components 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com

Grand Fish Feed +202 20 650018 www.grand-aqua.com

Enzymes

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Evonik +49 618 1596785 www.evonik.com Biomin +43 2782 803 0 www.biomin.net

Phileo (Lesaffre animal care) +33 3 20 81 61 00 www.lesaffre.fr

Equipment for sale

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ExtruTech Inc +1 785 284 2153 www.extru-techinc.com

Conveyors

Computer software

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Alltech +44 1780 764512 w: www.alltech.com

Elevator buckets

Bulk storage

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Aller Aqua +45 70 22 19 10 www.aller-aqua.com

Faivre + 33 3 81 84 01 32 www.faivre.fr

Amino acids

Colour sorters

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Drum filters

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Vigan Enginnering +32 67 89 50 41 www.vigan.com

Feed and ingredients

Yemmak +90 266 733 83 63 www.yemmak.com

Analysis

TSC Silos +31 543 473979 www.tsc-silos.com

Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

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Yemmak +90 266 733 83 63 www.yemmak.com

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Kaeser Kompressoren +49 9561 6400 www.kaeser.com

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Wenger Manufacturing +1 785-284-2133 www.wenger.com

Ferraz Maquinas e Engenharia +55 16 3615 0055 www.ferrazmaquinas.com.br

Air products

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IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com

Consergra s.l +34 938 772207 www.consergra.com

Aerators

Phibro +972 4 629 1833 www.phibro-aqua.com

Ferraz Maquinas e Engenharia +55 16 3615 0055 www.ferrazmaquinas.com.br

Feed Mill

Extruders

Clextral +1 813 854 4434 www.clextral.com

Almex +31 575 572666 www.almex.nl

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Andritz +45 72 160300 www.andritz.com Buhler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Clextral +1 813 854 4434 www.clextral.com

56 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

Fish counters Faivre + 33 3 81 84 01 32 www.faivre.fr

Fish Graders

Buhler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Faivre + 33 3 81 84 01 32 www.faivre.fr

Clextral +1 813 854 4434 www.clextral.com

Fish pumps

Fish Stunning Ace Aquatec + 44 7808 930923 www. aceaquatec.com

Grinders

Hammermills

Nets & cages

FAMSUN +86 514 87848880 www.muyang.com

FAMSUN +86 514 85828888 www.famsungroup.com

Ottevanger +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com

TSC Silos +31 543 473979 www.tsc-silos.com

Vacuum Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl Ferraz Maquinas e Engenharia +55 16 3615 0055 www.ferrazmaquinas.com.br Yemmak +90 266 733 83 63 www.yemmak.com

Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

Weighing equipment

Pulverisers

Ottevanger +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com

IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com

Yemmak +90 266 733 83 63 www.yemmak.com

Hydronix +44 1483 468900 www.hydronix.com

Silos

Yemtar +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

Moisture analysers

Aqua Ultraviolet +1 952 296 3480 www.aquauv.com

Yemmak +90 266 733 83 63 www.yemmak.com

Grand Fish Feed +202 20 650018 www.grand-aqua.com

Yemtar +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

RAS system

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

Faivre + 33 3 81 84 01 32 www.faivre.fr

Ferraz Maquinas e Engenharia +55 16 3615 0055 www.ferrazmaquinas.com.br

FISA +51 998128737 www.fisa.com.pe

Yemmak +90 266 733 83 63 www.yemmak.com

Predator Defence Ace Aquatec + 44 7808 930923 www. aceaquatec.com

Yeast products ICC, Adding Value to Nutrition +55 11 3093 0753 www.iccbrazil.com

Probiotics Biomin +43 2782 803 0 www.biomin.net

Leiber GmbH +49 5461 93030 www.leibergmbh.de

RAS Equipment FISA +51 998128737 www.fisa.com.pe

Phileo (Lesaffre animal care) +33 3 20 81 61 00 www.lesaffre.fr

Fish Farm Feeder +34 886 317 600 www.fishfarmfeeder.com

Packaging FAWEMA +49 22 63 716 0 www.fawema.com

Paddle Mixer Anderson www.andersonfeedtech.com IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com

To include your company in the International Aquafeed market place in print, and a company page on our website contact Tuti Tan +44 1242 267700 • tutit@perendale.co.uk To visit the online market place visit: www.aqfeed.info/e/1130

Pellet mill Clextral +1 813 854 4434 www.clextral.com IDAH +866 39 902701 www.idah.com PTN +31 73 54 984 72 www.ptn.nl

Plants Andritz +45 72 160300 www.andritz.com

International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 57

MyMag - the Aquafeed info links system

Market place members in this issue

Company Ace Aquatec Adisseo Aller Aqua Alltech Coppens Almex Anpario Aqua Ultraviolet Cablevey Conveyors Dibaq Aquaculture Dinnissen DSM Faivre Famsun Fish Farm Feeder GePro Grand Fish Feed Hydronix Inteqnion Kaeser Compressors Leiber Liptoaqua Orffa Ottevanger Phileo TekPro The Packaging Group TSC Vita Aqua Feeds VanAarsen Wenger Zheng Chang

See company profile

maglink aqfeed.info/e/1216 aqfeed.info/e/1101 aqfeed.info/e/1217 aqfeed.info/e/1111 aqfeed.info/e/1270 aqfeed.info/e/1219 aqfeed.info/e/1220 aqfeed.info/e/1304 aqfeed.info/e/1440 aqfeed.info/e/1224 aqfeed.info/e/1103 aqfeed.info/e/1225 aqfeed.info/e/1104 aqfeed.info/e/1265 aqfeed.info/e/1228 aqfeed.info/e/1395 aqfeed.info/e/1305 aqfeed.info/e/1271 aqfeed.info/e/1114 aqfeed.info/e/1231 aqfeed.info/e/1267 aqfeed.info/e/1233 aqfeed.info/e/1235 aqfeed.info/e/1240 aqfeed.info/e/1306 aqfeed.info/e/1272 aqfeed.info/e/1269 aqfeed.info/e/1350 aqfeed.info/e/1273 aqfeed.info/e/1274 aqfeed.info/e/1266

See advert on page

Page Number 39 21 37 13 44 16 43 16 32 31 11 15 64 25 16 2 43 29 35 17 40 29 10 27 36 5 8 19 19 23 63

myMAG FISH FARMING TECHNOLOGY

myMAG LINKS AND PAGE International Aquafeed's myMAG shortlinks are custom links that enable readers to get the most out of the products we showcase in the magazine each month.

QR CODES & myMAG LINKS to digital content Custom QR codes and short links can be placed against any content in the magazine and linked to any content on the web.

the interview Nabil Hamid, CEO & Founder, Grand Fish Feed, Egypt

Nabil Hamid’s self-described “adventure” in aquaculture starts with him moving from Egypt to the USA when he was a younger man who was just entering the work force. He would eventually start a limousine business in New York.

Changes in the travel industry then opened opportunities for servicing businesses, as well as US government sectors for international air travel tickets and tours. This business also grew and developed nicely for Mr Hamid.

Then in 2015, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi invited entrepreneurs of Egyptian descent for a meeting regarding his desire for developments and investments in Egypt, across a number of fronts.

Having studied the markets and having always wished to return home, Mr Hamid settled on the aquaculture sector and liquidated his US business and returned to Egypt. He then developed both local and international contacts in the feed equipment arena, a move which resulted in Grand Fish Feed becoming Egypt’s newest aquafeed producer in January 2018.

Located in New Damietta near the Mediterranean Sea and Port Said, a site that according to Mr Hamid, “allows for imports of needed raw materials and for exports as well,” what began as a local feed producer, is now an established international organisation.

International Aquafeed recently met with Mr Hamid to discuss the growth of his company, the key factors that have shaped his own career in the industry, the influence of current global events on the Egyptian markets, as well as for any nuggets of wisdom that he might want to share with anyone seeking to begin their own career in the aquafeed industry.

Over the last few years Grand Fish Feed has been the fastest growing aquatic feed producer in Egypt, what do you credit this success to?

Making friends in the industry who offered good advice for the selected equipment and consultants, who provided advice on the important aspects of feed production at the start of this process has also been very important. I also credit good plant design, hiring a great staff of employees and developing the technology and process to make world class feeds with the lowest possible FCR. As in any industrial process, ours was refined and adjusted to achieve maximum capacity and quality. Our advanced laboratory which tests incoming ingredient quality as well as final products ensures advanced success in feed quality.

Computer control of the process allows final product specs desired by the industry. Utilisation of international highly qualified nutritionists back our efforts with adjustments as new novel ingredients emerge and ingredient costs justify modifications so we can keep our costs as low as possible.

It is the combination of all of the above which has created our success. Over 45,000 tonnes were produced by our company in 2021, and we look forward to continued growth in the years to come.

What are the primary species you produce feed for and how do you support the farmers in their endeavours?

Tilapia, mullet, shrimp, sea bass, sea bream and hatchery feeds are the major species, but we are not limited to these as the industry moves forward. Farming systems vary and we strive to support with the needed protein levels as well as product characteristics and pellet sizes required for each and every design and size of fish.

Floating tilapia feeds for ponds as required as well as sinking tilapia and mullet feeds for poly culture pond systems have been developed and refined. Controlling the sinking rates give both species adequate feeds volumes for both top and bottom feeding fish.

Our experts in local feed use assist and visit farmers locations regularly checking feed usage and advising amounts fed per day. Water quality is also examined so as to assist in achieving the best possible conversion rate for their ponds. Assessment in fish quality and condition ensuring healthy high quality end products for the market.

Are you installing a second line for advanced aquatic feed production and if so, what are the benefits and how will this expand your market?

Yes, we are installing a new line with the most advanced

processing equipment in the industry. A Wenger Twin Screw Aquaflex system totally computer controlled backed with high quality support equipment from around the world such as PLP, Tietjen, Dinnissen and others matched for high quality performance feeds. This plant will support our export and domestic efforts with any feeds needed and or required. The smallest possible feed diameters such as 0.5 mm diameters will advance hatchery and small fry fish as well as shrimp feeds and their growth development.

Larger diameters and specialty aquatic feeds can and will be produced. RAS, recirculating aquaculture system, requires special feeds based on the number of animals in these systems. Possibilities exist if we receive interest for feeds with movement in the water column, used for attracting hard to feed fish species, as well as what is referred to as neutrally buoyant feeds are possible or, so I am told by our consultants.

Interest in feeds with probiotics included are also on the horizon where temperatures are controlled in the process for their survival.

This industry is in the dynamic exponential growth stage and developments in many areas are occurring rapidly. We look forward to the challenge in producing the feeds required now and for the future with all the new exciting ingredients and feed requirements developing.

Going forward, which issues relating to nutrition and production would you like to see addressed and why?

Nutrition and production are important but at this time not many issues to discuss with regards to tilapia and mullet. We are achieving a great production volume and it took some time to adjust the plant accordingly.

With regards to new aquatic species, the more data available on nutritional requirements of these fish and the feed specifications will be important for feed designs for good conversion rates as aquaculture advances.

What advice would you give to new generations that are beginning to venture into the industry, faced with a world that is constantly changing?

My advice would be to work hard, understand your field and keep up on advancements in the industry. In my few years in aquaculture, it is obvious there are tremendous efforts at all levels and sectors to improve. Pond management, feed ingredient advances, equipment improvements are all occurring constantly.

Evaluation of these changes and how it affects your current situations will allow improvements all along the chain. The world is changing, and we need to be clever enough to adjust accordingly.

60 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

With the current state of affairs being as they are in Ukraine, how do you foresee this impacting the Egyptian markets going forward?

Egypt is being impacted and for how long will be determined with the passage of time. Egypt imports goods from Russia and Ukraine which are now questionable, mainly wheat.

Wheat is for human consumption as Egyptians love bread, however we get the byproducts, wheat bran mainly which is a major part of feed formulas in some cases.

Discussions are ongoing to secure wheat from other locations as about 75 to 80 percent of our wheat came from Russia and Ukraine. It is hopeful that we will get back to normal soon to avoid these situations.

International Aquafeed - May 2022 | 61

THE INDUSTRY FACES Nord University appoints new Professor II in aquaculture technology

B

endik Fyhn Terjesen, who is Head of Landbased Innovation & Development at Cermaq Group, will combine his work at the company with a professor II position at the Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture at Nord University in Bodø, Norway.

He will teach bachelor and master students and eventually also supervise doctoral students. This will also involve developing courses on continuing education in aquaculture technology, especially with a focus on RAS/post smolt. The courses will be open to all fish farming companies and others in the region. The long-term goal is also to initiate various research collaborations with external actors.

“We are very pleased to have Bendik Fyhn Terjesen on the team in a professor II position,” says Dean Mette Sørensen at the Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture at Nord University in Bodø.

“Terjesen is a very experienced aquaculture scientist with a broad experience within recirculation and postsmolt production.”

CyberAg appoints of former USDA Acting CIO to its advisory board

C

yberAg announces the appointment of former USDA Acting CIO Joyce Hunter as Chair of its new advisory board. Ms Hunter will be leading strategy development for CyberAg’s advisory services for the USDA, Farm Credit System and industry partners.

Ms Hunter was previously appointed by President Barack Obama as the Deputy CIO, then Acting CIO of the USDA and has been named by Security Magazine as one of the most influential people in security in 2020.

She brings three decades of experience to the role and also serves as executive director for the Institute for Critical Infrastructure Technology (ICIT), a nonprofit cybersecurity thinktank.

“Agricultural cybersecurity is a rising concern as farmers adopt IoT technologies more rapidly,” remarks Ms Hunter. “We must consider the speed of execution of these initiatives, and CyberAg is positioned to provide the resources necessary to aid American farmers immediately.”

Europêche appoints new tuna group director With the appointment of Anne-France Mattlet as its director Europêche, the leading trade body representing the fishing industry in Europe, strengthens its team to boost the organisation’s support for sustainable tuna fishing in wider EU and international decision making.

With over 5 years of experience working on international ocean governance and tuna-related polices within the French administration, Mrs Mattlet has developed an in-depth understanding of fisheries policies decision-making process.

She will be in charge of Europêche’s tuna strategy and she will focus on initiatives such as the revision of the EU fisheries control system, the margin of tolerance and the autonomous tariff quotas for tuna loins.

“We are delighted to have Mrs Mattlet in Europêche’s team and warmly welcome her aboard”. comments Javier Garat, President of Europêche. “Her experience and expertise on tuna fisheries affairs will undoubtedly be a valuable asset to our companies in the international arena.”

Net coatings specialist Steen-Hansen announces change of leadership

A

quaculture anti-fouling business Steen-Hansen has appointed Ulrik Ulriksen as its new CEO. Mr Ulriksen comes from the position of Chief Operating Officer in the same company, where he has worked with business development and growth for over six years.

His extensive experience in the aquaculture industry has also seen him operate as a service manager in Aquasmart (now AKVA Group), leader of the development work for both Arena and Ocea (now ScaleAQ) as well as other leadership roles in both Norway and Chile.

“I am very grateful to work for a company with such skilled employees and forward-thinking owners. Leading Steen-Hansen is like working with a dream team; colleagues with commitment, creativity and a stand-on-will that is completely unique,” comments Mr Ulriksen.

“Together, we will build on the good work that has been done and lift the company to even higher goals.”

62 | May 2022 - International Aquafeed

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