Ðñüëïãïò Ôï ðáñüí âéâëßï ðñáãìáôåýåôáé èåùñçôéêÜ êáé åñãáóôçñéáêÜ ôá üñãáíá ìÝôñçóçò, ñýèìéóçò, áõôïìáôéóìïý êáé åëÝã÷ïõ ôùí äéêôýùí öõóéêïý áåñßïõ ðïõ ëåéôïõñãïýí ìå ìÝóç, õøçëÞ êáé êõñßùò ÷áìçëÞ ðßåóç ôñïöïäïóßáò. Áðåõèýíåôáé óå ôå÷íßôåò, ôå÷íéêïýò êáé Ý÷åé ãñáöôåß óýìöùíá ìå ôï áíáëõôéêü ðñüãñáììá ôùí ó÷ïëþí ìáèçôåßáò ôïõ ÕÐÅÐÈ.
Ðåñéå÷üìåíá Ðñüëïãïò .........................................................................................................................4 ÅéóáãùãÞ..........................................................................................................................7 1. ¼ñãáíá ãñáììþí ìåôáöïñÜò êáé äéêôýïõ............................................................17 1.1 ÂÜíåò..................................................................................................................17 1.2 ¼ñãáíá êáôáãñáöéêÜ êáé üñãáíá åíäåéêôéêÜ .................................................31 1.3 Óôáèìïß ìÝôñçóçò ñýèìéóçò öõóéêïý áåñßïõ ..................................................32 1.3.1 Ëåéôïõñãßá óôáèìþí ìÝôñçóçò - ñýèìéóçò Ì/Ñ ............................................32 1.3.2 ÄïìÞ óôáèìïý ìÝôñçóçò - ñýèìéóçò .............................................................33 1.4 ÄéáôÜîåéò áóöáëåßáò ìÝôñçóçò, ñýèìéóçò ......................................................35 1.5 ¼ñãáíá ÁóöÜëåéáò...........................................................................................39 1.5.1 ÂÜíá áêáñéáßáò äéáêïðÞò..............................................................................39 1.5.2 ÁíáêïõöéóôéêÞ âáëâßäá .................................................................................40 1.6 ¼ñãáíá äéüñèùóçò üãêïõ, ðßåóçò èåñìïêñáóßáò, óõìðéåóôüôçôáò ...............................................................................................44 1.7 ¼ñãáíá åëÝã÷ïõ äåîáìåíþí LPG êáé LNG (ãéá ïãêïìÝôñçóç äåîáìåíþí) ......................................................................... 49 1.8 Ôçëå÷åéñéóìüò áõôüìáôùí âáíþí.....................................................................51 1.8.1 Óýóôçìá ôçëåìÝôñçóçò - ôçëåäéïßêçóçò (Scada) ...........................................51 1.8.2 ÓõóêåõÝò óõóôÞìáôïò Scada .........................................................................51 1.8.3 ÄéÜñèñùóç äéêôýùí Scada .............................................................................53 1.8.3 Ôçëåäéïßêçóçò - Ôçëå÷åéñéóìüò óõóêåõþí......................................................54 2. ¼ñãáíá áíß÷íåõóçò, ñýèìéóçò êáé åðéôÞñçóçò .................................................55 2.1 Êáôçãïñßåò êáé åßäç ÏñãÜíùí ÌÝôñçóçò.........................................................55 2.2 ¼ñãáíá êáé óõóôÞìáôá áõôüìáôçò áíß÷íåõóçò äéáññïþí ÅãêáôÜóôáóç, ÷ñÞóç.........................................................................................57 2.3 Ìç÷áíéóìïß ðñïóôáóßáò ôçò öëüãáò...............................................................61 2.4 ¼ñãáíá áíÜöëåîçò...........................................................................................85 2.5 ÓõóôÞìáôá åëÝã÷ïõ ëåéôïõñãßáò (TRAIN VALVE)..............................................91 2.6 Áõôüìáôá óõóôÞìáôá ðõñïðñïóôáóßáò .......................................................107 3. ÌåôñçôÝò ...............................................................................................................107 3.1 Åßäç Ìåôñçôþí Ðáñï÷Þò ................................................................................107 3.2 ÌåôñçôÝò äéáöñÜãìáôïò ................................................................................109 3.3 Ðåñéóôñïöéêïß ÌåôñçôÝò (èåôéêÞò åêôüðéóçò)...............................................110
Ðåñéå÷üìåíá 3.4 ÌåôñçôÝò óôñïâéëéóìïý (ÓôñïâéëïìåôñçôÝò).................................................112 3.5 ÌåôñçôÝò õðåñÞ÷ùí .......................................................................................114 3.6 Áêñßâåéá, ×ñÞóç, ÅðéëïãÞ, ÅãêáôÜóôáóç Ìåôñçôþí .....................................115 4. ÁíáëõôÝò................................................................................................................123 4.1 ÅéóáãùãÞ óôç ÈåùñçôéêÞ Þ óôïé÷åéïìåôñéôéêÞ êáýóçò .................................123 4.2 ÁíáëõôÝò ÷çìéêÞò óýóôáóçò, ñýðùí, éäéïôÞôùí ...........................................124 4.3 ÌÝôñçóç áåñßùí ñýðùí áðü óýóôçìá êáýóçò ............................................131 4.4 Ñýèìéóç êáõóôÞñá, ðßåóçò äéêôýïõ, ìÝôñçóç áðüäïóçò ëÝâçôá. Êëßìá - ðåñßá .....................................................................................142 5. Åßäç äéáêïðôþí.....................................................................................................161 5.1 ×ñïíïäéáêüðôåò...............................................................................................161 5.2 Äéáêüðôåò ñïÞò ...............................................................................................164 5.3 Èåñìïóôáôéêïß äéáêüðôåò...............................................................................167 6. ÅãêáôÜóôáóç áåñßùí êáõóßìùí .........................................................................171 6.1 ÅéóáãùãÞ..........................................................................................................171 6.2 ÓõíïðôéêÝò ïäçãßåò ãéá ôç êáôáóêåõÞ åãêáôáóôÜóåùí öõóéêïý áåñßïõ................................................................................................174 1. ÃåíéêÜ .................................................................................................................174 2. ÔïðïèÝôçóç åóùôåñéêÞò åãêáôÜóôáóçò öõóéêïý áåñßïõ (óùëçíþóåéò) .........................................................................................174 3. ÕëéêÜ êáôáóêåõÞò ôïõ äéêôýïõ .........................................................................175 4. Êáèáñéóìüò ôïõ äéêôýïõ...................................................................................175 5. ÔïðïèÝôçóç êáé óýíäåóç ôùí óõóêåõþí.........................................................176 6. ¸ëåã÷ïò ôçò óôåãáíüôçáôò ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò...............................................176 7. Áåñéóìüò ôùí ÷þñùí ðïõ ôïðïèåôïýíôáé ïé óõóêåõÝò ..................................177 8. ÓõóôÞìáôá áðáãùãÞò ôùí êáõóáåñßùí .........................................................177 9. ÕëéêÜ êáôáóêåõÞò ôùí êáðíáãùãþí ...............................................................178 10. Åîáåñéóìüò ôçò åãêáôÜóôáóçò .......................................................................178 11. ÐñïÝêôáóç Þ åðéóêåõÞ åóùôåñéêÞò åí ëåéôïõñãßá åãêáôÜóôáóçò ..........................................................................179 6.3 Õðïëïãéóìüò êüóôïõò ëåéôïõñãßáò êáé åãêáôÜóôáóçò .................................180 6.4 Õðïëïãéóìüò ðïóüôçôáò öõóéêïý/õãñáåñßïõ áåñßïõ óå äåîáìåíÞ .....................................................................................................182 6.5 Õðïëïãéóìüò êáôáíÜëùóçò öõóéêïý/õãñáåñßïõ áåñßïõ ìå ôçí âïÞèåéá ôïõ ìåôñçôÞ ...........................................................................193 6.6 ÌÝôñçóç èåñìïãüíïõ äõíÜìåùò (ìå ÷ñÞóç èåñìéäüìåôñïõ).........................196 6.7 ÌåôáôñïðÞ âéïìç÷áíéêÞò åãêáôÜóôáóçò áðü õãñáÝñéï óå Ö.Á. .....................................................................................196 6.8 ÌåôáôñïðÞ ïéêéáêÞò åãêáôÜóôáóçò áðü õãñáÝñéï óå Ö.Á..........................201 7. ¼ñãáíá åãêáôÜóôáóçò èÝñìáíóçò....................................................................206 7.1 ÅéóáãùãÞ..........................................................................................................206
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¼ñãáíá ÌÝôñçóçò Áõôïìáôéóìïý êáé ¸ëåã÷ï 7.2 ÓõóêåõÝò ìç÷áíéóìïß êáé üñãáíá ñõèìßóåùí êáé åëÝã÷ïõ óå åãêáôáóôÜóåéò èÝñìáíóçò .........................................................................210 7.3 Ôå÷íéêÜ ÷áñáêôçñéóôéêÜ âáóéêþí åîáñôçìÜôùí áõôïíïìßáò, çëåêôñéêÝò âÜíåò, ðßíáêåò, èåñìéäïìåôñçôÝò, ùñïìåôñçôÝò, çëåêôñïíéêÝò äéáôÜîåéò...................................................................................224 7.4 Ðñïãñáììáôéæüìåíïé ëïãéêïß åëåãêôÝò (PLC) ..................................................246 7.5 ÈåñìïóôÜôåò ÷þñïõ .......................................................................................248 7.6 ÁíôéóôÜèìéóç ...................................................................................................251
ÐáñÜñôçìá: Íïìïèåóßá öõóéêïý áåñßïõ.................................................................257 Âéâëéïãñáößá ...............................................................................................................259