e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
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EFFECTS OF E.OFFICINALIS ,T.BELLIRICA, T . CHEBULA AND C. LONGA ON DIABETES MELLITUS Raj Nitesh Kumar*1 *1Primary
Health Center Arwal-804401,Bihar,INDIA
ABSTRACT Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which leads over time to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidney and nerves due to deficiency of insulin. With aging/genetic factors/environmental factors insulin becomes less effective to introducing glucose into the cells and blood glucose levels continue to rise. E.officinalis contain vitamin C and certain unknown factors; T.bellirica is useful in stomach disorder; T . chebula used as laxative; C longa contains curcumin and other constituents such as sugars, resin, protein vitamin and minerals. These herbs are used in a specific proportion to treat diabetes mellitus. KEYWORDS: Diabetes mellitus, Insulin, . E.officinalis ,T.bellirica, T . chebula, C longa.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes mellitus is the third leading cause of death in many developed countries. It affects about 3% of the general population (WHO,2016). The complications of diabetes affect the eye, kidney and nervous system. Diabetes is a major cause of blindness, renal failure, amputation, heart-attacks and stroke. There are two types of diabetes mellitus, that is insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the B-cell of islets of langerhans of pancreas. It has profound influence on the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein. Insulin is considered as anabolic hormone, as it promotes the synthesis of glycogen, triacylglycerol and proteins (Devidson, 2004). An important feature of diabetes is that the body cells are starved of glucose despite its very high concentration around i.e scarcity in plenty. Insulin plays a key role in regulation of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism (C.C Chatterjee, 2003).Insulin is required for the uptake of glucose by muscle, adipose tissue, leukocytes, and mammary gland (Ripsin L M et al,2009). Surprisingly about 80% of glucose uptake in body is not dependent on insulin. Tissues into which glucose can freely enter include Brain, Kidney, Erythrocytes , Retina, Nerve, Blood vessels and Intestinal mucosa , as regards liver, glucose enters into hepatocytes does not require insulin. However, insulin stimulates glucose utilization in liver and thus indirectly promotes its uptake (U. Satyanarayana,2007). Environmental factors interact with a genetic susceptibility to determine which of those with the genetic predisposition actually develop the clinical syndrome and the timing of its onset( Sarwar N , Gao P , et a,2010l ).
II.
ROLE OF INSULIN
It is now recognized that insulin bind to specific plasma membrane receptors present on the target tissue, such as muscles, adipose. This results in a series of reactions ultimately leading to the biological action. There are 3-distinct mechanisms of insulin action are known. One concerned with the induction of transmembrane signals, second with the glucose transport across the membrane and with induction of enzyme synthesis (Spencer E A,Pirie KL,et al, 2008 ). Medicinal plants: According to world Health Organization 80% of the world population use medicine from herbal origin for primary health care (Calixto,2000).E.officinalis is very rich source of vitamin C; Perhaps there are certain unknown factors are present in the fruit. T.bellirica is used in stomach disorders,pils,dropsy. T. chebula is www.irjmets.com
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
Impact Factor- 5.354
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used for digestive and laxative(S. K Jain,2004). These three harbs are combindly called triphala in ayurvada. C longa, is a medicinal plant extensively used in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha medicine.It contains curcumin and other constituents such as sugers, resin, protine vitamin and minerals(Eigner,1999). Triphala and haldi( C.longa )are used with honey to treat diabetes mellitusin in indian system of medicine.
III.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted at the O.P.D patients of P H C – Arwal (Bihar) .Blood samples of 20 diabetic patients were collected and blood sugar levels estimate for data analysis. Blood glucose level of 10 normal persons were determined and served as control group. Analysis of different test results after remedy by Triphala and haldi with honey. Dose: Triphala (T.chebula, T.bellirica, E.officinalis in proportion 1:2:3) 10 gram; Haldi ( C.longa) 3 gram with 10 gram honey per day. Experimental design: Compare blood glucose levels of normal parson, diagnosed parson, after 4 weeks remedy and 8 weeks remedy by triphala and C.longa with honey. Estimation of Fasting and P P blood glucose levels. 1 Contro: Normal parson without symptoms of diabetes (n=10) 2.Test- A : Patient diagnose with diabetes (n=20) 3.Test-B : Patients treated with 4 weeks by the herbs (n=10) 4.Test-C : Patients treated with 8 weeks by the herbs (n=10) Observesions : According to experimental design following observation obtained which are arranged in tables. 1 .Control: Normal parson without symptoms of diabetes (n=10). Table 1: Estimation of blood glucose level of normal parson without symptoms of diabetes mellitus
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SN
Fasting blood glucose level
P P blood glucose level
1
85 mg/dl
94 mg/dl
2
76 mg/dl
84 mg/dl
3
78 mg/dl
108 mg/dl
4
84 mg/dl
86 mg/dl
5
72 mg/dl
92 md/dl
6
87 mg/dl
107 mg/dl
7
92 mg/dl
89 mg/dl
8
108 mg/dl
74 mg/dl
9
98 mg/dl
82 mg/dl
10
101 mg/dl
124 mg/dl
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e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:09/September-2020
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2.Test-A : Parson diagnose with diabetes mellitus (n=20). Table 2: Estimation of blood glucose level of parson diagnose with diabetes mellitus S. No
Fasting blood glucose level
P.P blood glucose level
1
147 mg/dl
186 mg/dl
2
139 mg/dl
194 mg/dl
3
129 mg/dl
178 mg/dl
4
129 mg/dl
166 mg/dl
5
133mg/dl
192 md/dl
6
132 mg/dl
177 mg/dl
7
128 mg/dl
199 mg/dl
8
154 mg/dl
174 mg/dl
9
138 mg/dl
178 mg/dl
10
167 mg/dl
204 mg/dl
3.Test-B : Patients treated 4 weeks by Triphala and C.longa with honey (n=10) Table 3: Estimation of blood glucose level of parson diagnose with diabetes mellitus and treated with the herbs 4 weeks S. No
Fasting level
blood
glucose
P P blood glucose level
1
115 mg/dl
136 mg/dl
2
118mg/dl
142 mg/dl
3
114 mg/dl
141 mg/dl
4
120 mg/dl
133 mg/dl
5
113mg/dl
138 mg/dl
6
111 mg/dl
136 mg/dl
7
109 mg/dl
134 mg/dl
8
123 mg/dl
141 mg/dl
9
112mg/dl
142 mg/dl
10
108 mg/dl
137 mg/dl
4.Test-B : Patients treated with 8 weeks by Triphala and C.longa with honey (n=10) Table 4: Estimation of blood glucose level of parson diagnose with diabetes mellitus and treated with the herbs 8 weeks
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SN
Fasting blood glucose level
P P blood glucose level
1
107 mg/dl
128 mg/dl
2
100mg/dl
123 mg/dl
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3
110 mg/dl
141 mg/dl
4
101 mg/dl
112 mg/dl
5
99 mg/dl
127 mg/dl
6
106 mg/dl
130 mg/dl
7
103 mg/dl
129 mg/dl
8
97 mg/dl
124 mg/dl
9
110mg/dl
137 mg/dl
10
102 mg/dl
137 mg/dl
IV.
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RESULTS
The present investigation show that oral administration of Triphala (T.chebula, T.bellirica, E.officinalis in proportion 1:2:3) 10 gram; Haldi(C.longa )3 gram with 10 gram honey per day regulate metabolism and control Blood glucose level. parameter Blood glucose level(mg/dl):
Control
Test A
Test B
Test C
72-108mg/dl
128-167mg/dl
108-123mg/dl
97-110mg/dl
74-124mg/dl
174-204mg/dl
133-142mg/dl
112-141mg/dl
Fasting Blood glucose level (mg/dl): PP Table 5 : Compare estimated blood glucose levels of normal, diabetic diagnose,4 weeks and 8 weeks treated persons. Discusion : Certain herbs may low blood glucose, however their test result are subject to several factors, only a few of which may be therapeutically effective .Different parts of an herb have different ingredient profiles. Move over, different extraction methods may yield different active ingredients. Herbal formulae containing multiple drugs may have synergistic effects. According to ayurveda 10 gm triphala mixed with 3 gm haldi and taken with 10 gm honey in management of diabetes. It is believed that the plant has several alkaloids, vitamins, proteins and minerals which are most notable for their medicinal benefits. The result show ,Triphala and C. longa with honey in specific proportion have anti diabetic properties.
V.
CONCLUSION
In the light of results indicates that the triphala (T.chebula, T.bellirica, E.officinalis in proportion 1:2:3) and haldi ( C. longa ) with honey have good hypoglycemic activity This could be due to regeneration or revitalization of beta cell of pancreas and might be of value in diabetes mellitus treatment.
VI. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
REFERENCES
C. C Chatterjee’s Human physiology vol 2, 10th Edition,2003:p 4-109 – 135. Calix,J B. 2000, Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicine. Braz. J Med. Bio Res. 33(2),179-189. Devidson’s principles and practice of medicine 16 th Editin; Reprint 2004:p 658-693. Eigner, D. and Scholz , D , Ferula asafetida and Clonga in traditional medicine treatment and diet in Nepal. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999: 67(1),1-6. Ripsin L M et al : Management of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus; American Family physician, January 2009; 79(1):29-36. 5.
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S. K Jain’ Medicinal plants; 2004, p 79-80,179-18. Sarwar N , Gao P , et al:Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration and risk of vascular disease; a collaboretive meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies, Emerging risk factor colleboratin; Lancet 2010;26 375:2215-2222. [8] Spencer E A,Pirie KL,et al: Diabetes and modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease :the prospective million women study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2008; 23: 793-799. [9] WHO: Global report on diabetes,2016. [10] U. Satyanarayana’s Biochemistry,3th Edition 2007; p 669-684.
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